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Video Quality in IP Based Mobile Systems CHALMERS Video Quality in IP Based Mobile Systems MALIHEH YOUSEFI Department of signal and systems Chalmers University of technology Göteborg,Sweden,May 2008 EX038/2008 ii CHALMERS Video Quality in IP Based Mobile Systems MALIHEH YOUSEFI [email protected] Supervisor: Magnus Thorstenson Examiner: Prof. Dr. Irene Y.H.Gu Chalmers University of Technology And Ericsson R&D, Linköping iiii CHALMERS Video Quality in IP Based Mobile Systems MALIHEH YOUSEFI [email protected] Supervisor: Magnus Thorstenson Examiner: Prof. Dr. Irene Y.H.Gu Chalmers University of Technology And Ericsson R&D, Linköping iiii iiiiii MASTER’S THESIS EX038/2008 Video Quality in IP Based Mobile Systems Master’s Thesis in the Digital Communication Systems and technology MALIHEH YOUSEFI Department of Signals and Systems CHALMERS UNIVERISTY OF TECHNOLOGY Göteborg, Sweden, 2008 iv Video Quality in IP Based Mobile Systems Master’s Thesis in the Digital Communication Systems and technology MALIHEH YOUSEFI © MALIHEH YOUSEFI,2008 Master’s Thesis EX038/2008 ISSN Department of Signals and Systems Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Göteborg Sweden Telephone: + 46 (0)31-772 1000 v Video Quality in IP Based Mobile Systems Master’s Thesis in the Digital Communication Systems and technology MALIHEH YOUSEFI Department of Applied Mechanics Division of Division Name Chalmers University of Technology Abstract Digital video transmission over packet switched wireless networks is increasingly utilized by customers. It is of high importance to have reliable test solutions to measure the perceived end user video quality. Study of video characteristics, IP networks and video quality metrics, are the bases of this thesis work. The compressed video transmitted over IP, suffers from network impairments such as packet loss and jitter. However this network impact can not be easily measured in the form of perceived video quality degradation. Analysis a way of video quality measurement for mobile video streaming is one of the objectives of this thesis. We also aim to investigate and evaluate the existing video quality test tools. vi Acknowledgment In the course of preparing this master’s thesis, I have received invaluable help from numerous people. I would therefore like to express my deepest gratitude to everyone who has helped me. My supervisor at Ericsson Mats Åsberg who supported me and guided throughout the whole thesis work and in every single step. Magnus Thorstenson for believing in me and allowing me to do the thesis work at Ericsson. I am very grateful to my examiner at Chalmers, Prof. Iren Gu, who helped me with the outlines of the thesis work and directed me straight forward to the problem. Further more I am grateful to all those at Ericsson who have been so nice and helpful to me, during my stay at Ericsson. And finally thanks to my loving husband and my parents for their love and support. Göteborg May 2008 Maliheh Yousefi CHALMERS, Signals and Systems,, Master’s Thesis EX038/2008 vii viii Table of Contents Chapter 1.................................................................................................................................1 1. Introduction.................................................................................................................1 1.1. Overview.............................................................................................................1 1.2. Problem Statement.............................................................................................. 1 1.3. Goals and Scope..................................................................................................1 1.4. Structure of the Thesis........................................................................................ 2 Chapter 2.................................................................................................................................3 2. Background.................................................................................................................3 2.1. The Need for Video Quality Testing ..................................................................3 2.2. Quality- What it is?.............................................................................................3 2.2.1. QoS versus QoE.......................................................................................... 3 2.2.1.1. Quality of Service...................................................................................3 2.2.1.2. Quality of Experience.............................................................................4 2.2.2. Classifying Quality Layers ......................................................................... 4 2.2.3. Mean Opinion Score...................................................................................5 2.3. Video Quality measurement Methods ................................................................5 2.3.4. Subjective Testing.......................................................................................6 2.3.5. Objective Testing........................................................................................6 2.3.5.1. Full Reference Method ........................................................................... 6 2.3.5.1.1. Typical Metrics in Full Reference Method.......................................... 6 2.3.5.2. Reduced Reference Method....................................................................7 2.3.5.3. No Reference Method.............................................................................7 2.3.6. Perceptual versus Non-Perceptual Input.....................................................8 2.3.7. Media Delivery Index.................................................................................8 2.3.7.1. Jitter ........................................................................................................8 2.3.7.2. Delay Factor............................................................................................9 2.3.7.3. Media Loss Rate .....................................................................................9 2.3.7.4. MDI Reliability Discussions.................................................................10 2.4. Protocols ...........................................................................................................11 2.4.1. Real Time Transport Protocol................................................................... 11 2.4.1.1. RTP payload formats ............................................................................11 2.4.2. Real Time Streaming protocol..................................................................12 2.5. Video Codecs....................................................................................................12 2.5.1. MPEG-2 TS .............................................................................................. 12 2.5.1.1. MPEG-2 TS over IP..............................................................................13 2.5.2. MPEG-4 ....................................................................................................13 2.5.3. H.264.........................................................................................................16 Chapter 3...............................................................................................................................18 3. Mobile TV and Mobile Phone Client ....................................................................... 18 3.1. Mobile TV.........................................................................................................18 3.2. End User Digital Media Retrieval ways ...........................................................18 3.2.1. Download and Progressive Download...................................................... 19 i 3.2.2. On Demand streaming and Live Streaming..............................................19 3.2.3. Mobile TV session....................................................................................19 3.2.4. Streaming Session..................................................................................... 19 3.3. Streaming Server............................................................................................... 20 3.4. Mobile Phone Client .........................................................................................20 3.4.5. Buffer in User Equipment.........................................................................21 3.5. Signaling Diagram............................................................................................22 3.6. File Format........................................................................................................ 24 Chapter 4...............................................................................................................................25 4. Overview of Several existing Quality Measure Softwares and the Related Vendors... ..................................................................................................................................25 4.1. Opticom GmbH................................................................................................. 25 4.2. Agilent ..............................................................................................................26 4.3. Spirent...............................................................................................................26 4.4. Ericsson Research.............................................................................................27
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