Figures in italics indicate captions. Index

A Architectural Association 85 Auckland, New Zealand 107 Barcelona Lab (Prat, Tetas and Figures in italics indicate captions. International Institute for Augé, Marc 93, 94 Poy, eds.) 134, 195 1066 and All That (Sellar and A Yeatman) 133 Design summer school Austen, Jane 48 Baring brothers 126 Abraham, Raimund 155 Aalto, Alvar 17-18, 18 (1970) 74 14-15, 60, 190, 191 Barry, Charles 47, 132-3 The House without Rooms 77-9, 78 Aboriginal art 26 School of Architecture 49, 155 autism 24, 40, 41 Bath, University of 53 Addhox Strip (Cook) 172 Aboriginals 15, 111, 190 Architectural Design 170 awareness Bauhaus 62 Afonso, Nadir 57 Ackoff, Russell L 38 Architectural Review 71 ecological 178 Beaux Arts city planning 71 Aircraft Carrier City in Landscape (Hollein) 56-7, 57 Adès, Thomas: Powder Her architecture hierarchies of 32 Becker, Professor Franklin 188-9, Albers, Josef 103 Face 133 how it might extend its miracles of 25-6 199n11 Allen, Laura see Smout Africa 112, 112, 191 influence 43-5 progression of 31 Beckett, Samuel: Happy Days AlloBio (Novak) 189-90, 190 Agrest & Gandelsonas 76-7 marginalised 46-8 shared with groups 29 40, 41 Alsop Architects: The Sharp Centre, Ontario College of Art & Design Ahmedabad, : Mill narrative in 88-9 Beckham, David 25, 34n10 118, 119 Owners’ Association 155, 155 reclaiming architectural reality Bedouins 114, 114 B Alsop, Will 122, 124, 131 Aldrich, Henry 16 48-53 Babylon 45 Alsop, Will and Thornton, Tim: Museum, Glenwood Powerhouse, Alessi 170 reintegrating it into our Forbidden City temples 101-2, Babylonian architecture 59 Yonkers, New York 117, 119, 119 Alexander, Christopher 71, mental space 62-7 102 Bachelard, Gaston 36, 39, 86, Alternatives to High-Rise Circulation (McIntosh) 107-8, 107, 116 84, 124 relationship with the city Tiananmen Square 60 105, 117, 163 Analogue Architektur 14 algorithmic design 169-70 59-60 Belgium 186 Poetics of Space 13, 39, 123, 124 Archigram 19, 57, 110, 143, 149, 172 Alnwick, Northumberland architecture parlante (’speaking Benson, EF 127 ’back-to-back’ developments Architectural Association, London 157 59, 65 architecture’) 88 Lucia novels 125-6 67, 68 Architectural Fantasy (Chernikov) 120 Altamura, Italy 138n47 Architecture without Architects Bergman, Ingmar 69-70 COPYRIGHTEDBaker, GeoffreyMATERIAL 95-6 Archzoom 23 Alto Plano, Spain 167 (Rudolfsky) 90-91 Berkeley, George 34n4 Barabasi, Professor Albert-Lazlo Arcosanti project, Arizona 15-16, 16 Alzheimer’s disease 41, 42 Argyll, Duke and Duchess of 133 Berlin 180n28 Asplund, Gunnar: Stockholm Exhibition, Sweden 124-5, 125 Anderson, Chris: The Long Tail ARM (Ashton Raggatt Potsdamer Platz 89 Baraki, Japan: ’Soft and Hairy’ Augenschmerzen (Pichler) 155 175-6, 191, 197 McDougall) 119-20, 120 Tempelhof Airport 93, 94 House 160, 160 Avvakumov, Yuri 81 Andreu, Paul 94 artificial intelligence 23-4 Betjeman, John 13 Barcelona 16, 17, 54, 67, 134 Avvakumov, Yuri and Kuzin, Yuri: Red Tower (Homage to Vladimir Anglo-New Zealanders 107 Arts and Crafts movement 62 Betsky, Aaron: Violated Barcelona Pavilion 111, 111, Tatlin) 83 Astor, Nancy, Viscountess 133 Perfection: Architecture and Antonioni, Michelangelo 49, 49 121, 157 Astor family 133 the Fragmentation of the ANY (Architecture/New York) Cerdà’s plan for 48, 63-5, B Asymptote 19, 48, 172 Modern 86 conferences (1990s) 85 65, 68 Banham, Reyner 162 Athens: Parthenon 110, 120 Bexleyheath, Kent: The Red Arcadia 69, 126 ’Design City’ 185, 195 Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London 19, 132, ’Athens of the North’ sensibility House 62 Archigram 53, 62 La Sagrada Familia 168-9, 168 149, 167 16, 17 Birmingham 65, 67 Archimedes 26 Park Guell 137n28 Beckmann, Max 126

2 Leon van Schaik 201 Index Black, Richard and Michelle Cao Xueqin 84, 87-8, 145 Commission for Architecture Shebika 50 121-2, 123 capitalism 43, 65 and the Built Environment Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire Caputh, Germany 79 (CABE) 11, 186 E 69, 131 Carson, Anne 42 Como, Italy: Casa del Popolo 69 economics 197-8 blind people: navigational spatial Carter, Paul 49 complementary medicine 187-8 Edmond & Corrigan 13, 74 awareness 24 Castaneda, Carlos 106 compulsory purchase 65 Edwardian style 125, 127 ’blind springs’ 102 Castells, Manuel 179, 179n1, 185 computer-aided design 167 Egyptian architecture 45, 59 ’Blob architecture’ 170 The Information Age 165 computers 119-20, 165 Egyptian art 45 Blow-up (film) 49 Catalhöyük, Turkey 171 Cook, Peter 48, 49, 85 eidetic memories/recall 38, 39, body language 167 Catalonia, Spain 63, 77, 185, 186 copyright protection 196 44, 142 Boeri, Stefano 79 cave paintings 109-10, 110, Cornell University 72, 189 Einstein, Albert 79 Boyarsky, Alvin 85, 155 138n47 country houses 125-7, 126 Eisenstein, Sergei 89 Boyer, Ernest L 171 caves 107, 108-10, 109, 110, 115 Croquet Shed, the Pediment 16 Elizabethan era 125 brain Cerdá i Sunyer, Ildefonso 72, 77, Cross, Chris 53 emotional intelligence 27, 32, 197 containing a persistent 137n28 cross-ventilation 67 empathy 31, 32, 36-7 representation of the outside General Theory of Cullen, Gordon (’Outrage’ encyclopaedic method 46, 59, world 38n28 Urbanisation 57, 68 columnist, Architectural 62, 63, 84, 140, 141 plasticity 200n35 plan for Barcelona 48, 63-5, Review) 71 ’Endless House’ 160 Bramante, Donato 117, 118 65, 68 Cumbernauld, New Lanarkshire Engels, Friedrich 36, 67, 77 Bregenz, Austria: Kunsthaus Chamberlain, Joseph 67 53 engineers 12, 13, 187 147-8, 147 Chambers, Sir William 60 epidemiology 46, 63, 79 Bremner, Craig 51 Chen Shaoxiong: Homescape D Erith, Raymond 16 Brighton Pavilion 60 125 Dalí, Salvador 122 ethical argument 190-91 Bristol University 84 Chicago, Illinois Danes: settlement of Greenland Evans, Robin 62 British Empire 60, 67 Frederick C Robie House 15 Existenzminimum (minimum- Britten, WEF 127 128-9, 128 de Chirico, Giorgio 96, 98 existence housing) 62, 80n4 Brown, Lancelot ’Capability’ Marshall Field Store 127-8 Piazza d’Italia 97 exoskeletal frame 105 69, 131 Chicago Board of Trade futures deconstruction 86 Bruegmann, Robert 78 trading hall 18-19 DEGW 196 F Sprawl: A Compact History 77 Chicago school of economcis déjà vu 29 facades 43 Buckingham, Duke of 132, 133 184 Des Moines, Iowa: ’Vision falsification 72, 74, 77 Bunshaft, Gordon 105, 105 child development 31-2 Plans’ 77 fan vaulting 99 Burdett, Richard 79, 81n34 children’s games 30, 31, 118-20, Descartes, René 34n4 Fanny and Alexander (film) 70 Burry, Professor Mark 168-9, 118, 151 ’Design City Melbourne’ virtual Farnsworth House (Plano, 179n6 Now exhibition (Victoria & exhibition (2006) 173 Illinois) 111 Burullus Lagoon, Egypt 20 Albert Museum, 2008) 125 Design City phenomenon 54 FAT 13, 74 Buxadé, Carles 168 Chinese architecture 59 ’Design Methodology’ 84 Ferriss, Hugh 78 Byzantine architecture 59 Ching, Francis DK 95 digital design 167, 168, 169 Filler, Martin 166 Chipperfield, David 133, 134 digital modelling 119 Findlay, Kathryn 160-62, 160, churches, painted (Romania) C ’disegno’ 80n2 161, 162 44, 45 CABE see Commission for Disney 15 Fisher, Philip 106 Churchill, Sir Winston 131 Architecture and the Built Disney World, Florida 98, 130 Wonder, the Rainbow, and the CIAM (Congrès International Environment distributed intelligence 24, 25, Aesthetics of Rare Experiences d’Architecture Moderne) 185, Cache, Bernard 170 26, 28, 36 142 199n6 Cambridge Domenig, Günther 195, 196 Fletcher, Sir Banister: A History classical architecture 60, 106 King’s College Chapel 99, 101, Domus 79 of Architecture on the Cliveden, Berkshire 113, 131-2, 101, 172 ’dot’ paintings 26 Comparative Method 59, 118 132, 133 Trinity College Library 16 dreaming 27, 28 Fodor, Jerry 32-3 Blenheim Pavilion 132 Campbell, Colen: Vitruvius Dresden 16 Foerster, Heinz von 190-91 Octagon Temple 132 Britannicus 95 Dryden, John: Absalom and Folly, Gatley Park, Hertfordshire Coates, Nigel 79 Canberra Achitophel 132 16 cognitive mapping 42 Australian National Portrait Dublin: Trinity College Library Fournier, Colin 195 collage 72 Gallery 150 103, 105 Frampton, Kenneth 84, 87, 106, Colomina, Beatriz 110, 194 Great Hall of the National Dudley, West Midlands: West 157, 163n15 colonisation 14 Museum of Australia 119-20, Country Living Museum 68 ’A Kufic Suprematist: the Colonna, Francesco: 120 Durham cathedral 107, 108 world culture of ’ Hypnerotomachia Poliphili 88 lavatory pavilion 121, 123 Duvignaud, Jean: Change at 155

202 Franco, General 195 classical tradition 53 Independent Group 71 Koolhaas, Rem 79 Friedman, Yona 79 rediscovery of the knowledge India 60 Delirious New York 78, 78 ’frozen music’ 89, 89 of ancient Greece 60 Industrial Revolution 68 Kovac, Tom 19, 48, 121, 122, Future Shack 121 Greenland 15 industrialisation 17, 61 136n9, 138n50, 170, 173-6, 174, Future Systems 119 Griffiths, Sean 74 informationalism 165-6, 167, 172, 175, 188, 196, 197 Futurism 53 Gropius, Walter 62, 171 175, 185, 188 Kumamoto Artpolis 54 group consciousness 29-31 informed consent 190 Kyoto temples, Japan 148 G Grove, Archibald 127 International Institute for Design Gadamer, Hans-Georg 47, 47, ’guilds’ 185 summer school (Architectural L 56n24, 106, 142, 179 Association, London, 1970) 74 La Pietra, Ugo 51 Gadamer’s onion 47, 47, 178, 189 H internationalism 85, 194 LAB 3000 Digital Design Galfetti, Aurelio 30 Hadid, Zaha 48, 133-4, 155, 157- Internet 18, 70, 172, 178, 188, Biennale (2003) 173 Gandelsonas, Mario 48, 74, 60, 157-9, 163n15, 167 200n19 Las Vegas 74, 77, 88, 98 76, 77 Hague, The, Netherlands: intuition 44, 55-6n7, 139n88 Fremont Street 73 Invisible Walls (in X-Urbanism: housing 143 Inuits 15 Lascaux caves, France 14, 108, Architecture and the Hamilton, Richard 71, 81n24 Isozaki, Arata 54 138n47 American City) 74 Hers is a Lush Situation Ithaca 39 Layard, Professor Richard 198 Garches, France: Villa 73 138-9n69 Ito, Toyo 121, 121 Le Corbusier 73, 95, 155, 155, 156, Garkau Estate, near Lübeck, Häring, Hugo 160-61 171, 185, 194, 197, 199n6 Germany: Cow House 160 Harlow New Town, Essex 53 J La Ville radieuse 73 Gates, Bill 130 Harvard University, Cambridge, Jackson, John Brinckerhoff 91 Towards a New Architecture Gaudí, Antonio 17, 137n28, 168 Massachusetts: Carpenter Jacobs, Jane 65 77 Gehry, Frank 169 Center for the Visual Arts Jamberoo, New South Wales: learning Geneva Convention 190 155, 155 Fredericks Farmhouse 111 ceaseless 29 ’Georgian’ facades 43 Haskell, Thomas 199n8 Japur, Rajasthan, India: Jantar from literature 43 Gérard, François: Napoleon in Haussmann, Baron 65 Mantar Observatory 91, 91 progressive development Coronation Robes 48 Hawksmoor, Nicholas 131 Jekyll, Gertrude 127 through 31 Germany 15 Hegel, G.W.F. 34n4 Jenkins, Simon 13-14 through doing 30, 171 Giacometti, Alberto 24 Helsel, Sand 65, 66, 67, 72 Jennings, Humphrey, Mary-Lou Lee, Terence 41 Giurgola, Romaldo 140 Helsinki 16-17, 17 Jennings and Charles Madge: Lees-Milne, James 133 Glasgow House of Culture 18, 18 Pandaemonium 10 Lefebvre, Henri 10, 22, 33n2, 46, European City of Culture 51 Main Railway Station 17 Jung, Carl Gustav 124, 197 48, 52, 71, 87, 97, 165-6 mental space of Glaswegians Hemmings, David 49 Lego 119 51 Henley, Oxfordshire: River & K Leoni, Giacomo 132 Glenburn House 163n14 Rowing Museum 133, 134 Kahn, Andrea 89 Lessig, Professor Lawrence 173, globalisation 17, 91 Hensel, Michael 170 Kant, Immanuel 34n4, 173, 189 180n24 Godsell, Sean 121, 148-52, 150, Herzog & de Meuron 152-3, 153, Kaplicky, Jan 119 Lethaby, William Richard 44, 45, 159, 178 155, 159 Keeler, Christine 133 61-2, 62, 89, 126-7, 128 Goff, Bruce 149, 149 High Italianate manner 133 Kelly, Sean 174, 175 Architecture, Mysticism and Gollings, John 173 Hill, Professor Jonathan 80n2 Kempe, David 180-81n28 Myth 45 Gopnik, Alison 31-2 Himanen, Pekka 172-3, 185 Kerr, John 199n16 Lewontin, Richard 197 Gothic architecture 45, 59, Hobsbawm, Eric 46-7, 155 Kew Gardens, Surrey (Royal Li Shiqiao 16, 133 60, 106 Hockney, David 93 Botanic Gardens, Kew): Libeskind, Daniel 157, 163n15 Gould, Stephen Jay 197 home and gardens magazines Pagoda 60 Lim, William 54, 77 Grand Tour 69 125 Khutsong, South Africa 53-4, 124 linguistic intelligence 27, 28, 36 Graves, Clare W 178, 179 homing pigeons 37, 191 Kiesler, Frederick 160 London Gray, Eileen 194, 197 Hong Kong Peak project 155, kinaesthetic intelligence 25-6 Big Ben 118, 118 Graz, Austria 157, 157, 159 kinetic intelligence 26, 27 Centre Point 105 Design City 54, 195 Hopkins, Andrew 189 Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland: Crystal Palace, Hyde Park 13, Kunsthalle 195 Humboldt reforms 172 Maggie’s Centre 157-9, 158, 60-61, 61, 170 Graz School 195, 196 ’humpies’ 111 159, 167 Euston station 93 Great Exhibition (1851) 60, 170 huts 107, 108, 110-11, 112, 115 kitsch 61, 62 Fitzrovia 53 Great Rift Valley, Africa 109 hypersurface 170 Klee, Paul 167 Forster House, Bedford Park Greece, ancient Koch, Christoph 34n4 127 architecture 59, 69 I Koetter, Fred 73-4 Houses of Parliament 47, 133 children’s games 119 iconic buildings 98 KOL/MAC 48, 170 Jubilee Line 54 city states 45 Iliad (Homer) 39 Konstantinidis, Nikos 87 Kensington townhouses 127

2 Leon van Schaik 203 Index Laban Contemporary Dance this, we are the prisoners of Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig 111, TWA Terminal, JFK Airport Centre, Deptford 152-3, 153, our mental space 9 111, 121, 157 94, 94 155, 159 We comprehend and migration 49 New York Stock Exchange Pitzhanger Manor, Ealing 119 negotiate space using our Milan 51 19, 172 Regent’s Park 60 spatial intelligence... 23 Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire Nolli, Giambattista 72 Sainsbury Wing, National 53 ’Non-Standard’ architectural Gallery 74 M mimicry 29-30, 31 movement 161-2 St Pancras Station 13, 93-4 ’Ma’ (space-time) 52 mirror neurones 29 Non-Standard Architectures St Paul’s Cathedral Choir McCaughey, Davis 186 Mitford, Nancy: Love in a Cold exhibition (Centre Pompidou, School 16 McLuhan, Marshall 48-9 Climate 22, 33 Paris, 2003-4) 161-2, 170 Serpentine Gallery 133-4 Madison Millard, Mrs George 129 ’mobile ground’ 89 Norway 189 Pavilion 121, 121 Madrid 63, 167 model-making 168 Norwich, John Julius 13 Southwark 54 Museo del Prado 166 Modern Movement, Modernism NOX 170 Tate Modern 155 Maggie’s Centres 157-9, 158, 45, 53, 127 Victoria & Albert Museum 159, 160 modernism 17, 62, 63, 95, 111, 171 O (China Now exhibition, 2008) Maki, Fumihiko 52 Moneo, Rafael 166, 167 observation process 50, 50 125 Manson, Fred 54 Moorhouse, Frank 172 OCEAN NORTH 194 West Kensington studio 127 Marías, Javier 39 ’Morph’ digital design Odyssey (Homer) 39 London Architecture Biennale Marie Antoinette 20, 126 conference (1997) 169 Olalquiaga, Celeste 61 (2006) 21 Massif Central, France: hipped Morphosis 178 OMA 79 Longhena, Baldassare 189 churches in 102 Morris, William 61, 62 Oosterhuis, Kas 170 Loos, Adolf 110 master builders 60 Moscow: Red Square 60 Opie, Iona and Peter 30, 31, 119 Los Angeles, California 178 May, Ernst 171, 185 Murcutt, Glenn 111 Orcival church, Auvergne, France Hollywood sign 88 Mayhew, Henry 38, 67 music industry 196 102-3, 103 Los Angeles County Museum of Asylum for the Houseless Poor Muthesius, Hermann 127 organism 197, 200n31 Contemporary Art (LACMA): (from London Labour and the Myers-Briggs personality Orkney: Melsetter House 45, Pavilion of Japanese Art London Poor) 38 assessment tool 197 61-2, 62, 127, 128 149, 149 Meccano 119 Ormerod, Paul 180n28 ’lost limb’ syndrome 24 Mechernich, Germany: Bruder N ornament in architecture 107 Loudon, John Claudius: An Klaus Field Chapel 146-7 Napoleon Bonaparte 47 Ota, Kayoko 51 Encyclopaedia of Cottage, Melbourne 54 NASA 13, 84-5, 168 Otto, Frei 114 Farm, and Villa Architecture ’38 degrees South’ studies Nash, John 60 Ottoman architecture 59 and Furniture 95 80n11 national styles 16, 47 Oxford Low, Alvin 174 State Library café 138n50 National Theatre 40 Head of Schools meeting Lutyens, Sir Edwin 126, 127 Victoria Railways National Trust 133 (1970s) 85 Lynch, Kevin 71 Administration Building 177 NATO (Narrative Architecture Peckwater Quadrangle, Christ Lynn, Greg 169, 170 Melnikov, Konstantin 120-21 Today) 79 Church 16 Lyons Architects 188, 196-7 memory, memories 29, 30, Negev Desert, Israel: traditional Lyssiotis, Peter 34n15, 36, 39, 55n3, 86, 142, 191 Bedouin tent 114, 114 P Architecture grows in cities 59 Mendrisio, Switzerland: School neoclassicism 16, 47, 47, 111, 132, Palladian style 73, 95 The dawn of a new of Architecture 30 132, 133, 143, 178 Palladio, Andrea 60 professionalism 183 mental space neogothic 47, 47 Pallasmaa, Juhani 119 Each one of us should speak distributed intelligence Netherlands 15 The Eyes of the Skin 86 of his roads, his crossroads, his proposition supports the Nettle, Daniel 197 Paoletti, Roland 54 roadside benches 37 concept 28-31 networks 175, 177, 180-81n28 Paolozzi, Eduardo 71 I mean an architect is encountering 53-4 Neuhaus, Paul 99 Papastergiadis, Nikos 89 wonderful when he is in his interdependence between it neurogenesis 200n35 ’para-functional space’ 89 own house, maybe beyond and architecture 83 neurological mapping 26, 27 Paris this he is terrible? 141 learning from 40-42, 40 neurone mapping 29, 39 Centre Pompidou 162, 170 New futures for architecture reclaiming architectural reality New England 91 Cité de Refuge 158 (real and virtual) opened 48-53 New Scientist 41 Eiffel Tower 98, 118, 118 up... 165 reintegrating architecture New York 74, 76 Friedman’s megastructures 79 The spaces that we first use at into 62-7 Grand Central Station 93, 93 Grande Arche de La Défense surrogate houses as we form Mérida, Spain: Museum of Korean Presbyterian Church of 114, 114 our spatial histories and our Roman Art 166 New York, Queens 170 Haussmann’s plan 63 mental space 83 Meyer, Hannes 62, 171, 185 Manhattan 78-9, 78 as Manhattan’s alter ego 78-9 Though we are unaware of Michelangelo 167 Times Square 89, 170 Sainte Chapelle 99, 101

204 Terminal 1, Charles de Gaulle 137n35 Montorio) 117, 118 Siza, Álvaro 142-3 Airport 94 In Search of Lost Time, Volume Temple of Vesta 117 Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Paris ’Exposition Internationale One: Swann’s Way 39 Villa Borghese 133 (SOM) 105 des Arts Décoratifs et ’Provençal’ facades 43 Rose, Steven 32 sleep research 26-8 Industriels Modernes’ (1925) Prussia Cove, Cornwall 126 Rossi, Aldo 53, 68-9 Small, Meredith F 161n31 121 Pugin, Augustus Welby Rowe, Colin 48, 69, 71, 72-4 Smart, Elizabeth: By Grand ’party walls’ 67 Northmore 47, 133 Rowe, Colin and Fred Koetter: Central Station I Sat Down and Pasadena, California: Mrs Collage City 72 Wept 93 George Madison Millard Q Ruscha, Ed 134 Smithson, Peter and Alison 71, House (’La Miniatura’) 129, 129 Quadrerns Manifesto 183 Ruskin, John 83, 106 113, 113 pavilions 120-22, 121, 122, 123 Russian Imperial architecture 127 Smithson, Robert 91 Paxton, Joseph 60-61, 61 R Rykwert, Joseph 106 Soane, Sir John 95, 105, 118-19 Peak-Confetti-Suprematist social Darwinism 27 Randstad, Netherlands 54 Snowstorm 157 Solà-Morales, Ignasi de 29, 89 Rasmussen, Steen Eiler 85, 86, S Penang, Malaysia: ’terrain Sonning, Berkshire: Deanery 87, 105, 118 Saarinen, Eero 94, 94 vague’ 90 Garden 126, 127 Experiencing Architecture 33 Saarinen, Eliel 17 Peninsula House (Mornington Soria y Puig, Arturo 57, 80n9 Rationalism 69, 70-71 Sacks, Dr Oliver 41, 86 Peninsula, Australia) 150-51, 150 Sorkin, Michael 54 Reagan, Ronald 184 sacred sites 102 Penrose, Roger 24, 28, 34n5 South Africa 48 recreating past glories 15-16 Sagebiel, Ernst 93 Persian architecture 59 Drakensberg 109, 110 Rée, Jonathan 47, 56n24 San Diego Zoo, California 98 Pevsner, Nikolaus 13 Game Pass Cave 109-10, Reed & Stern 93 San Francisco 178 phenomenology 86, 87, 117 109, 110 REM sleep 27, 28, 36 Golden Gate Bridge 118, 118 Piaget, Jean 31 Game Pass Valley 109, 109 Renaissance 106 Santiago de Compostela, Spain: Picturesque movement 69-70, South America 171 Renaissance architecture 45, 60 Santo Domingo de Bonaval 71, 135 South Australia 14 Repton, Humphry 69, 70 Park 143 ’poetics’ of space 86 ’space race’ 84 resistence 166-7 Schinkel, Karl Friedrich 25 pointillisme 161 ’Spanish’ facades 43 Rhodes-Harrison, George 187 Schröder House (Utrecht, Pop Art 71 spatial intelligence RIBA (Royal Institute of British Netherlands) 112-13 Popper, Karl 69, 72 how it builds our mental space Architecture) 85 ’scientific’ approach 67 Port Lligat, Cadaqués, Spain encountering mental space Rice-Davis, Mandy 133 scientific revolution 171 122-3 53-4 Richards, IA 43, 61 Scottish Baronial style 13, 94 Portmeiron, Wales 15 holistic mapping of 37-40 Richardson, Henry Hobson 127-8 Scottsdale, Arizona: Taliesin Portsmouth cathedral 132 how architecture might Rietveld, Gerrit 112-13 West 129-30, 130 Potter, Beatrix 30 extend its influence 43-5 RMIT (Royal Melbourne Institute Scruton, Roger 53, 87 Prada stores 178 how architecture was of Technology) 24, 51, 52, 65, Sebald, WG 13, 43 Price, Cedric 184 marginalised 46-8 177, 194 Second World War 133 Price, Uvedale 69 learning from literature 43 Design Research Institute Seifert, Richard 105 Prince, Bart 149, 149 learning from our mental 149-50 selection professionalism 11-12, 13, 33, 60 space 40-42 Roach, Andrew 180n28 for empathy 32 new architectures of the real reclaiming architectural Robbins, Mark 134-5 of values 32-3 and virtual combined 196-8 reality through new Households 125, 125, 134, 195 working through and on new opportunity for understanding of mental Roman architecture 59 environment 32 inclusivity in 187-9 space 48-53 Roman Empire 45, 69 Semper, Gottfried 114, 115, 178 rebuilding architecture as a the mechanics of Romanesque architecture 45, ’set backs’ 67 profession 185-6 distributed intelligence 59, 97-8, 102-3, 127 Seville Architecture Biennale spatial intelligence and ethics proposition supports the Romania: painted churches (2008) 175 of practice 189-91, 193 concept of mental space 44, 45 Shack for a Potter (Green the unique knowledge base 28-31 Rome Gully, Castlemaine, Victoria, of architecture 187 kinaesthetic intelligence: its classical tradition 53 Australia) 122, 123 a wider, more collectively spatiality 25-6, 25 Grand Tour to 69 Shane, Grahame 74 motivated profession based a new basis for Nolli’s 1748 plan 72 Shaw, Fiona 40 on spatial intelligence 193-6 professionalism in Pantheon 45, 117, 117, 118 Shaw, George Bernard 46 professions, evolution of 31 architecture 33 rediscovery of the knowledge Shebika oasis, Tunisia 50 Profumo, John 133 the problem of of ancient Rome 60 Si, Dr Kausik 137n35 Progettare In Più journal 51 consciousness and S Maria Maggiore basilica Simic, Charles 42 projectory 29, 30 intelligence 23-5 85, 118 Sitte, Camillo 71, 72 Proust, Marcel 38-9, 38, 65, 97, space and emotional Tempietto (S Pietro in Situationists 79

2 Leon van Schaik 205 Index intelligence 127-8 text messaging 177 The Consultant Arrives and Ward, Stephen 133 spatial intelligence Thatcher, Margaret, Baroness Sees 50, 50 Warren & Wetmore 93 uncovered 26-7 184 Design City Melbourne 195-6 Warsaw 16 ways of being in the world Theroux, Paul 176 Ideogram, 2006. Practitioners Washington DC 71 supported by new research Third Man, The (film) 86 observe a cube reconciling water diviners 102 31-3 Thoreau, Henry 36, 122, 136n15 the natural history of the ’water-boarding’ 190 spatial politics 48, 63, 77 thresholds 112, 112, 113, 124 creative individual and the wattle and daub 112 ’spatial schemata’ 41 Tilden, Philip 125, 126 role of groups in supporting ’weak architecture’ 29, 34n18 Spiller, Neil 170 Tivoli, Italy: Temple of Vesta intellectual change 193 weapons of mass destruction spiritual spaces 101-2 115, 117 Ideogram on Spatial 190 sport 25-6, 29, 34n10 Tokyo 51-2, 176-7 Intelligence 13 Webb, Philip 62 Spreckelsen, Johann Otto von Café Bongo 52 Mastering Architecture 166 Weil am Rhein, Germany: Vitra 114, 114 economic boom 51 West London project 49-50, Fire Station 157, 157 stately homes 131-4, 132 Imperial Hotel 128 52 Weimar Republic 121 Steindorf, Germany: Stein Haus Truss Wall House 160, 161-2, Vanbrugh, Sir John 131 Wharton, Edith 93 195, 196 161, 162 Vancouver 54 Whitlam, Gough 199n16 Steiner, Dietmar 195 Tolkien, JRR 125 Vangelis (Evangelos Wiener, Norbert: The Human Stirling, James 96 totalitarianism 72, 73 Papathanassiou) 30 Use of Human Beings 197 Stockholm 17 tourism 14, 49, 51 Vasari, Giorgio 167 Wiesbaden 72 College of Surgeons lecture Trani, Italy: cathedral 96, 97-8 Vaux-le-Vicomte château, Wigley, Mark 86 theatre 177-8 translation 42 Loire 131 Wikipedia 173 Stourhead, Wiltshire 69 treehouses 98, 99 Veneto, Italy 60 Wilkinson, Jonny 25, 25 Strathclyde, University of 53 Troy 39, 59 Venice 98, 177 Williams, Raymond 131 Sumvitg, Switzerland: Sogn Tschumi, Bernard Santa Maria della Salute 189 Williams-Ellis, Clough 15 Benedetg Chapel 143-6, Manhattan Transcript 1: The Venice Architecture Biennale Wilson, Peter 24-5 144, 145 Park 89 (2004): Virtual Australian Winde, William 132 Sunset Strip (West Hollywood, ’Screenplays’ 89 Pavilion 121, 122, 173, 174 Wired journal 175 California) 134 Tudor England 60, 126 Venice Architecture Biennale Woods, Tiger 25 ’super-graphics’ 88, 88 Tudor style 126 (2006) 77 ’World Wide Web’ 18, 166, Superstudio 53 Turing, Alan 23, 34n5 vent brick rule 67-8 175, 191 surface tectonics 106 Turing test 23-4, 34n5 Venturi, Robert: Complexity and World’s Fairs 120 Sutherland, Duke and Duchess ’Tuscan’ facades 43 Contradiction 74 Wren, Sir Christopher 16, 131 of 132 Venturi, Robert, Denise Scott Wright, Frank Lloyd 124, 128-30, Suzuki, Akira 51-2, 54, 176-7 U Brown and Steven Izenour: 128, 129, 130, 171, 185 Switzerland 185 Underwood, Guy 102 Learning from Las Vegas 71, undesigned spaces 89, 90 73, 74, 77, 88, 134-5 X Laurie Short House 111 United States Venturi, Scott Brown & Xenakis, Iannis 179 Sydney Harbour Bridge 13 architectural education 171 Associates 13, 77, 81n24, 143 Sydney Opera House 98 begins to take a prominent Versailles 131, 132 Y systems engineering Vesely, Dalibor 45, 46, 84 role on the world stage 133 Yale University, Connecticut: approaches 84 Viollet-le-Duc, Eugène 137n38 corporate city skylines 60 Beinecke Rare Book and Virtual Concourse 173, 197 Upper Lawn Pavilion (Fonthill, Manuscript Library 105, 105 visual intelligence 135 T Wiltshire) 113-14, 113 Yirrkala, Australia: house for an visualisation 30 , Japan, Yong Kung ’Ur’ architecture 53, 115 Aboriginal client 112 Visualising the Virtual Concourse community 65, 66, 67, 72 urban hygiene movement 67 York, University of 53 Taj Mahal, India 98 urbanisation 68 research studio 175 Vitruvius 83 Taliesin I-III (Spring Green, urbanism 71, 77 Z Wisconsin) 130 Ushida, Esaku 160 Voronet Monastery, Romania: Zaloom, Caitlin 18-19 ’tartan grid’ 114, 115 Ushida Findlay 160-62, 160, Church of St George 44 Zeisel, John 41 tattooing 107, 107, 108 161, 162 Voysey, Charles Francis 127 Zimmerli, W 172 Telescope journal 51, 54 Usonian ethos 128, 185 Vriesendorp, Madelon 78 Zumthor, Peter 48, 95, 142-8, temples 115, 117-18, 117 Flagrant Délit 78 144-8, 150, 151, 152, 155, 159, 178 tents 107, 108, 114, 114, 115 V Zurich, Switzerland: ETH building Terragni, Giuseppe 69 Vals, Switzerland: Thermal Baths W 114-15, 115, 178 ’terrain vague’ 89, 90, 91, 95, 146, 146 Wachsmann, Konrad 79 155, 159 van Schaik, Leon Wahl, Jean 36, 39, 42, 136n15 Terroir 121, 123 analytical drawing (1985) 95 walled gardens 113

206 Photo credits The author and the publisher gratefully acknowledge the people who gave their permission to reproduce material in the book. While every effort has been made to contact copyright holders for their permission to reprint material the publishers would be grateful to hear from any copyright holder who is not acknowledged here and will undertake to rectify any errors or omissions in future editions.

Front cover image © Peter Lyssiotis (1949-) is a photo media artist, and completed this work as part of an Australia Council New Media Arts Fellowship at RMIT, Melbourne, Australia in 1998.

p 9, 23, 37, 58, 82, 141, 164, 182 © Peter Lyssiotis; pp 12, 17, 18, 50, 75, 76, 90, 91, 93, 95, 96, 102, 103, 104, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 128, 129, 132, 144, 145, 146, 148, 154, 158, 192 courtesy of Leon van Schaik; p 25 © Christian Liewig / Corbis; p 30 © Janine Wiedel Photolibrary / Alamy; p 38 © Mary Evans Picture Library / Alamy; p 38 © Castle / photocuisine / Corbis; p 40 © Robbie Jack/Corbis; p 44 © Mark Fiennes / Arcaid / Corbis; p 47 © Foodfolio / Alamy; p 47 © Walter Bibikow/Corbis; p 48 © The Print Collector / Alamy; p 49 © Cinemaphoto / Corbis; p 52 © Nigel Coates 1988; p 61 © Historical Picture Archive/Corbis; p 62 © Doug Houghton/Alamy; p 64 © Tavisa; p 66 Unclog: legal structures © Lim Hui Yuan + Hung Jia Xin, Clog: legal & illegal structures (swollen rice map with add-on buildings) © Lim Hui Yuan + Hung Jia Xin; p 68 © Gregory Davies / Alamy; p 70 © Stapleton Collection / Corbis; p 73 Bettmann / Corbis; p 78 Gift of Philotecton, U.S.A., Inc., Ridgway, Ltd., and Biltmore, J.V., to the American Friends of the CCA on loan to the Collection Centre Canadien d’Architecture / Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montréal; p 88 © Andrew Gombert / epa / Corbis; p 89 © Bernard Tschumi Architects; p 92 © Bettmann / Corbis; p 94 © Mark Fiennes / Arcaid / Corbis; p 97 © Interfoto Pressebildagentur / Alamy; p 98 © Jan Butchofsky-Houser / Corbis; p 99 © Andrea Rugg Photography / Beateworks / Corbis; p 100 © Mervyn Rees / Alamy; p 101 © Historical Picture Archive / Corbis; p 107 © Bruce Coleman Inc. / Alamy; p 108 © Joe Cornish / Arcaid / Corbis; p 113 © Georg Aerni, Zurich; p 114 © Eddie Gerald / Alamy; p 116 © Bob Krist / Corbis; p 117 © The Print Collector / Alamy (t) Adam Eastland / Alamy (b); p 118 © Hemis / Corbis; p 120 © Architects: ARM / Photographer: John Gollings; p 121 Richard Waite / Arcaid / Corbis; p 122, 174 – 175 © Tom Kovac, Gollings & Pidgeon; p 123 © www.geoffcomfort.com (t); p 123 Times Two Architects / Photograph Michelle Black (b); p 125 © Mark Robbin; p 126 © Arcaid / Alamy; p 130 © BristolK / Alamy; p 134 © Edifice/Corbis; p 149 © ART on FILE / Corbis; p 150 © Architects: Sean Godsell / Photographer Earl Carter; p 153 © Benedict Luxmoore / Arcaid / Corbis; p 156 © Zaha Hadid / Blue Slab Painting; p 157 © Richard Bryant / Arcaid / Corbis; p 159 © Kirkaldy Model / Zaha Hadid Architects; p 160-162 Ushida Findlay office / Photographer Katshuhisa Kida; p 168 © Mark Burry; p 196 © Mediacolor’s / Alamy.

2 Leon van Schaik 207 Photo credits 208