Seismic Imaging of the Structure of the Central Ecuador Convergent Margin : Relationship with the Inter-Seismic Coupling Variations Eddy Sanclemente Ordońez
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Civitanova Marche
ISPRA Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale SERVIZIO GEOLOGICO D’ITALIA Organo Cartografico dello Stato (legge n° 68 del 2.2.1960) NOTE ILLUSTRATIVE della CARTA GEOLOGICA D’ITALIA alla scala 1:50.000 foglio 304 CIVITANOVA MARCHE A cura di G. Cantalamessa(1) Con contributi di: Sedimentologia: C. Di Celma(1), M. Piccini(1) Stratigrafi a: P. Didaskalou(1) , M. Potetti(1), P. Lori(1) Area marina: Interpretazione: E. Campiani(2), A. Correggiari(2), F. Foglini(2), F. Trincardi(2) Micropaleontologia: A. Asioli(3) PROGETTOSedimentologia e Radionuclidi: A. Gallerani(2), L. Langone(2), F. Lorenzini(2) (1) Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Camerino (2) CNR-ISMAR, Bologna (3) CNR-IGG, Padova Ente realizzatore: nnote_304_11_2011.inddote_304_11_2011.indd 1 CARG117/11/117/11/11 111.291.29 Direttore del Servizio Geologico d’Italia - ISPRA: C. CAMPOBASSO Responsabile del Progetto CARG per il Servizio Geologico d’Italia - ISPRA: F. GALLUZZO Responsabile del Progetto CARG per Regione Marche: M. PRINCIPI PER IL SERVIZIO GEOLOGICO D’ITALIA - ISPRA: Revisione scientifi ca: F. Capotorti, D. Delogu, C. Muraro, S. Nisio S. D’Angelo, A. Fiorentino (parte a mare) Coordinamento cartografi co: D. Tacchia (coord.), V. Pannuti Revisione informatizzata dei dati geologici: L. Battaglini, V. Campo; M. Rossi (ASC) Coordinamento editoriale e allestimento per la stampa: D. Tacchia, V. Pannuti PER LA REGIONE MARCHE: Allestimento editoriale e cartografi co: M. Piccini(1), P. Didaskalou(1), P. Lori (1) (1) Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Camerino Allestimento editoriale e cartografi co (area marina): E. Campiani Allestimento informatizzazione dei dati geologici (area marina): F. -
Structure of the Collision Zone Between the Nazca Ridge and the Peruvian Convergent Margin
RESEARCH ARTICLE Structure of the Collision Zone Between the Nazca Ridge 10.1029/2019TC005637 and the Peruvian Convergent Margin: Geodynamic Key Points: • The Nazca Ridge hosts an and Seismotectonic Implications overthickened lower crust E. Contreras‐Reyes1 , P. Muñoz‐Linford2, V. Cortés‐Rivas1, J. P. Bello‐González3, J. A. Ruiz1, (10–14 km) formed in an on‐ridge 4 setting (hot spot plume near a and A. Krabbenhoeft spreading center) 1 2 • The Nazca Ridge correlates with a Departamento de Geofísica, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Centro prominent continental slope scarp I‐MAR, Universidad de los Lagos, Puerto Montt, Chile, 3Grupo Minero Las Cenizas, Taltal, Chile, 4GEOMAR‐Helmholtz bounded by a narrow and uplifted Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany continental shelf • The Nazca Ridge has behaved as a seismic asperity for moderate earthquakes (e.g., 1996 Mw 7.7 and Abstract We study the structure and tectonics of the collision zone between the Nazca Ridge (NR) and 2011 Mw 6.9) nucleating at depths the Peruvian margin constrained by seismic, gravimetric, bathymetric, and natural seismological data. >20 km The NR was formed in an on‐ridge setting, and it is characterized by a smooth and broad shallow seafloor (swell) with an estimated buoyancy flux of ~7 Mg/s. The seismic results show that the NR hosts an Supporting Information: – – • Supporting Information S1 oceanic lower crust 10 14 km thick with velocities of 7.2 7.5 km/s suggesting intrusion of magmatic material from the hot spot plume to the oceanic plate. Our results show evidence for subduction erosion in the frontal part of the margin likely enhanced by the collision of the NR. -
Tectonic Segmentation of the North Andean Margin: Impact of the Carnegie Ridge Collision
ELSEVIER Earth and Planetary Science Letters 168 (1999) 255±270 Tectonic segmentation of the North Andean margin: impact of the Carnegie Ridge collision M.-A. Gutscher a,Ł, J. Malavieille a, S. Lallemand a, J.-Y. Collot b a Laboratoire de GeÂophysique et Tectonique, UMR 5573, Universite Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France b IRD, Geosciences Azur, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France Received 17 July 1998; accepted 2 March 1999 Abstract The North Andean convergent margin is a region of intense crustal deformation, with six great subduction earthquakes Mw ½ 7:8 this century. The regional pattern of seismicity and volcanism shows a high degree of segmentation along strike of the Andes. Segments of steep slab subduction alternate with aseismic regions and segments of ¯at slab subduction. This segmentation is related to heterogeneity on the subducting Nazca Plate. In particular, the in¯uence of the Carnegie Ridge collision is investigated. Four distinct seismotectonic regions can be distinguished: Region 1 ± from 6ëN to 2.5ëN with steep ESE-dipping subduction and a narrow volcanic arc; Region 2 ± from 2.5ëN to 1ëS showing an intermediate-depth seismic gap and a broad volcanic arc; Region 3 ± from 1ëS to 2ëS with steep NE-dipping subduction, and a narrow volcanic arc; Region 4 ± south of 2ëS with ¯at subduction and no modern volcanic arc. The Carnegie Ridge has been colliding with the margin since at least 2 Ma based on examination of the basement uplift signal along trench-parallel transects. The subducted prolongation of Carnegie Ridge may extend up to 500 km from the trench as suggested by the seismic gap and the perturbed, broad volcanic arc. -
Tectonic Analysis of Northwestern South America from Integrated Satellite, Airborne and Surface Potential Field Anomalies
TECTONIC ANALYSIS OF NORTHWESTERN SOUTH AMERICA FROM INTEGRATED SATELLITE, AIRBORNE AND SURFACE POTENTIAL FIELD ANOMALIES DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Orlando Hernandez, B.S., M.S. ***** The Ohio State University 2006 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Dr. Ralph R. B. von Frese, Adviser Dr. Hallan C. Noltimier Adviser Dr. Michael Barton Graduate Program in Dr. Douglas E. Pride Geological Sciences °c Copyright by Orlando Hernandez 2006 ABSTRACT Northwestern South America is one of the most populated regions of the Americas with more than 80 million people concentrated along the Andes Mountains. This region includes a complex and dangerous mosaic of tectonic plates that have produced dev- astating earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions and landslides in the last decades. The region’s economic development has also seriously suffered because the region is poorly explored for natural resources. To more effectively assess the tectonic hazards and mineral and energy resources of this region, we must improve our understanding of the tectonic setting that produced them. This research develops improved tectonic models for northwestern South America from available satellite, airborne and surface gravity and magnetic data integrated with global digital topography, seismic, and GPS plate velocity data. Reliable crustal thick- ness estimates that help constrain tectonic stress/strain conditions were obtained by inverse modeling of the magnetic anomalies and terrain compensated gravity anoma- lies. Correlated positive Terrain Gravity Effects (TGE) and Free Air Gravity Anoma- lies (FAGA) suggest that the crust - mantle interface under the northwestern Andes is closer to the surface than expected, indicating that these mountains are not iso- statically compensated. -
Universidade Federal Do Pará Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Embrapa Amazônia Oriental Instituto De Geociências Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Ambientais – Ppgca
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI EMBRAPA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL INSTITUTO DE GEOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS AMBIENTAIS – PPGCA ZONEIBE AUGUSTO SILVA LUZ PADRÕES ECOLÓGICOS DE TUBARÕES (SUPERORDEM: SELACHIMORPHA) FÓSSEIS E RECENTES OBTIDOS A PARTIR DE ISÓTOPOS ESTÁVEIS E SUAS CONSIDERAÇÕES PARA MANEJO E CONSERVAÇÃO BELÉM 2016 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI EMBRAPA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL INSTITUTO DE GEOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS AMBIENTAIS – PPGCA ZONEIBE AUGUSTO SILVA LUZ PADRÕES ECOLÓGICOS DE TUBARÕES (SUPERORDEM: SELACHIMORPHA) FÓSSEIS E RECENTES OBTIDOS A PARTIR DE ISÓTOPOS ESTÁVEIS E SUAS CONSIDERAÇÕES PARA MANEJO E CONSERVAÇÃO Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências Ambientais do Instituto de Geociências da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) e Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, como requisito para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Ambientais. Área de concentração: Ecossistemas Amazônicos Orientador: Prof. Dr. Peter Mann de Toledo BELÉM 2016 AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço primeiramente à Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) pela concessão da bolsa de mestrado, ao Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) Uso da Terra e Biodiversidade na Amazônia pelo apoio financeiro para execução das análises, e à Universidade de Lausanne (UNIL) pelo auxílio institucional para as atividades no laboratório do Instituto das Dinâmicas da Superfície Terrestre (IDYST). À Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e ao Programa de Pós-Graduação de Ciências Ambientais (PPGCA) pela oferta do curso realizado. Ao meu orientador Peter Mann de Toledo não somente pelo conhecimento e orientação fornecidos, mas por inspirar e guiar em como tornar-se um pesquisador da região Amazônica. -
Tectonics of the Panama Basin, Eastern Equatorial Pacific
TJEERD H. VAN ANDEL" G. ROSS HEATH BRUCE T. MALFAIT Department of Oceanography. Oregon State University. Corralhs, Oregon 97331 DONALD F. HEINRICHSj JOHN I. EWING Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory. Columbia University. Palisades. New York 10964 Tectonics of the Panama Basin, Eastern Equatorial Pacific ABSTRACT from being fully understood. Similar enigmatic The Panama Basin includes portions of the features are found at complex boundaries be- Nazca, Cocos and South America Hthospheric tween continental and oceanic plates. plates and borders the Caribbean plate. The In this paper we describe and attempt to ex- complex interactions of these units have largely plain the morphological and structural features determined the topography, pattern of faulting, of such a complex region; the area bordered on sediment distribution, and magnetic character the east and north by South and Central of the basin. Only heat flow data fail to corre- America, and on the south and west by the late with major structural features related to Carnegie and Cocos Ridges. This region (Fig. these units. 1) contains the aseismic Cocos and Carnegie The topographic basin appears to have been Ridges, portions of the Peru and Middle created by rifting of an ancestral Carnegie America Trenches, an actively spreading east- Ridge. The occurrence of a distinctive smooth west rift zone, several major fracture zones, a acoustic basement and a characteristic overly- complex continental margin between the ex- ing evenly stratified sedimentary sequence on treme ends of the two trenches, and the large virtually all elevated blocks in the basin suggest volcanic block of the Galapagos Islands. It en- that they all once formed part of this ancestral compasses portions of the Pacific, Nazca, South ridge. -
Structure of the Malpelo Ridge (Colombia) from Seismic and Gravity Modelling
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225334814 Structure of the Malpelo Ridge (Colombia) from seismic and gravity modelling Article in Marine Geophysical Researches · January 2006 DOI: 10.1007/s11001-006-9009-y CITATIONS READS 13 273 3 authors: Boris Marcaillou P. Charvis University of Nice Sophia Antipolis Institute of Research for Development 59 PUBLICATIONS 561 CITATIONS 196 PUBLICATIONS 3,807 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE jean-yves Collot Institute of Research for Development 421 PUBLICATIONS 2,135 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Ecuadorian Active margin studies View project Sisteur Project View project All content following this page was uploaded by P. Charvis on 10 March 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Mar Geophys Res DOI 10.1007/s11001-006-9009-y ORIGINAL PAPER Structure of the Malpelo Ridge (Colombia) from seismic and gravity modelling Boris Marcaillou Æ Philippe Charvis Æ Jean-Yves Collot Received: 27 March 2006 / Accepted: 28 August 2006 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006 Abstract Wide-angle and multichannel seismic data Keywords Malpelo ridge Æ Galapagos hot spot Æ collected on the Malpelo Ridge provide an image of Cocos-Nazca spreading centre Æ Wide angle seismic Æ the deep structure of the ridge and new insights on Multichanel seismic its emplacement and tectonic history. The crustal structure of the Malpelo Ridge shows a 14 km thick asymmetric crustal root with a smooth transition to Geological setting: tectonic history of the Panama the oceanic basin southeastward, whereas the transi- Basin tion is abrupt beneath its northwestern flank. -
A Pliocene–Quaternary Compressional Basin in the Interandean Depression, Central Ecuador
Geophys. J. Int. (1995) 121,279-300 A Pliocene-Quaternary compressional basin in the Interandean Depression, Central Ecuador Alain Lavenu,' ,2 Thierry Winter3* and Francisco D6vila4 'ORSTOM, UR 13, TOA, 213 rue La Fayette. 75480 Purls cedex 10. France 'Laboraroire de GPodynamique er ModPlisation des Bassins Sidimenraires, UPPA, auenue dr I'UnivrrsiiP, 64 000 Pau, France .'Laborntoire de Tectonique. MCcanique cie la Lirhosphe're, IPGP, 4 place Jussieu, 75 252 Paris cedex 05, France 'Depurtarnento de Geologiu, EPN, Ap. 2759, Olrito, Ecuador Downloaded from Accepted 1994 September 29. Received 1994 September 29; in original form 1993 April 12 SUMMARY The segment of the Interandean Depression of Ecuador between Ambato and Quito http://gji.oxfordjournals.org/ is characterized by an uppermost Pliocene-Quaternary basin, which is located between two N-S trending reverse basement faults: the Victoria Fault to the west, and the Pisayambo Fault to the east. The clear evidence of E-W shortening for the early Pleistocene (between 1.85 and 1.21 Ma) favours a compressional basin interpretation. The morphology (river deviations, landslides, folded and flexure structures) demonstrates continuous shortening during the late Quaternary. The late Pliocene-Quaternary shortening reached 3400 f 600 m with a rate of 1.4 f at INST GEOLOGICO MINERO Y METALURGICO on May 3, 2013 0.3 mm yr-'. The E-W shortening is kinematically consistent with the current right-lateral reverse motion along the NE-SW trending Pallatanga Fault. The Quito-Ambato zone appears to act as a N-S restraining bend in a system of large right-lateral strike-slip faults. -
Impact of the Carnegie Ridge Collision
EPSL ELSEVIER Earth und Plnnciary Scicncc Letters 16K II9YY) 255-270 I Tectonic segmentation of the North Andean margin: impact of the Carnegie Ridge collision - I? J. M.-A. Gutscher a**, Malavieille "'S. Lallemand a, J.-Y1 Collot ': Luhoruroirt de Ginphpique er %CJOIli~lIC,UMR 5573, liniversiJi Monrpellier II. Pluce E. Buiuillon. F-34UY5 Montpellier; Cedex 5. France IRD, Gcwciences AXE Villtfranchr-sur-Me%France Received i 7 July 1998: accepted 2 March 1999 " Abstract The North Andean converfent margin is a region of intense crustal deformation, with six great subduction earthquakes M, 2 7.8 this centun.. The regional pattern of seismicity and volcanism shows a high degree of segmentation along strike of the .4ndes. Serments of steep slab subduction alternate with aseismic regions and secgents of flat slab subduction. This segmentation is related to heterogeneity on the subducting Nazca Plate. In particular, the influence of the Carnegie Ridge collision is investigated. Four distinct seismotectonic regions can be distinguished Region 1 - from 6"N to 5"N with steep ESE-dipping subduction and a narrow volcanic arc: Region 3 - from 3.5"N to 1"s showing an intennediate-depth . seismic gap and ;I broad volcanic arc: Region 3 - from 1"s to 3"S.wit.h steep NE-dipping subduction. and a narrow volcanic arc: Region 3 - south of 2"s with flat subduction and no modem volcanic arc. The Carnegie Ridge has been colliding with the margin since at least 3 Ma based on examination of the basement uplift signal along trench-parallel transects. The subducted prolongation of Carnegie Ridge may extend up to 500 km from the trench as suggested by the seismic gap and the pzturbed. -
Thin-Skinned Tectonics in the Cordillera Oriental, Choromoro Basin, Nw Tucuman, Argentina
THE SAN LORENZO FAULT, A NEW ACTIVE FAULT IN RELATION TO THE ESMARALDAS-TUMACO SEISMIC ZONE Essy SANTANA (1) and Jean François DUMONT (2) (1) INOCAR, Laboratorio de Geologia Marina, Base Naval Sur, Guayaquil, Ecuador ([email protected]) (2) IRD, A.P. 09 03 30096 Guayaquil, Ecuador ([email protected]) KEY WORDS: South America, earthquakes, neotectonics, subduction, faults INTRODUCTION The coast of northwest Ecuador and southwest Colombia has registered some of the most important earthquake of South America (Herd et al., 1981)(1906, Ms 8.7; 1942, Ms 7.9; 1958, Ms 7.8; 1979, Ms 7.9 ) (Fig. 1). Most of these earthquakes (1906, 1958 and 1979) have been accompanied by tsunamis (Espinoza, 1992). From Rio Verde (Ecuador) to Buenaventura (Colombia) the coast is low, and consists in a wide margin of beach ridges, tidal channels and mangroves. Wet tropical climate as well as the proximity of the Western Cordillera about 50 km away to the southeast provides precipitation through a dense network of rivers. Such conditions, low topography, dense river network and active deformations are basically favorable to observe river patterns anomalies related to active deformation (Schumm et al., 2000). GEOLOGIC AND GEODYNAMIC BACKGROUND Northeast of Esmeraldas the morphology of the coast changes drastically (Fig. 1). The coastal cordillera of Manabi sinks in the Pacific Ocean near Esmeraldas, leaving place to a low coast, and finally the tidal channels, swamps and mangroves of the Bay of Ancon de Sardinas. The city of San Lorenzo is located at the border between wetland and terra firme (Fig. 2). The San Lorenzo area is part of the Borbon Basin, a NE-SW trending fore arc basin (Deniaud, 2000). -
Redacted for Privacy Richard W
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF ROBERT JAMES BARDAYfor the MASTER OF SCIENCE (Name) (Degree) in Oceanography presented onbe n'6e /,q71P3 (Major) (Date) Title: STRUCTURE OF THE PANAMA BASIN FROM MARINE GRAVITY DATA Abstract approved: Redacted for privacy Richard W. Couch In order to quantitatively examine the crustal structure of the Panama Basin without the benefit of local seismic refraction data, the following assumptions were made:(1) No significant lateral changes in density take place below a depth of 50 km.(2) The densities of the crustal layers are those of a 50-km standard section derived by averaging the results of 11 seismic refraction stations located in normal oceanic crust 10 to 40 million years (m. y. ) in age.(3) The density of the upper mantle is constant to a depth of SO km.(4) The thickness of the oceanic layer is normal in that region of the basin undergoing active spreading, exclusive of aseismic ridges.(5) The thickness of the transition layer is 1. 1 kin everywhere in the basin. Subject to these assumptions, the following conclusions are drawn from the available gravity, bathymetry, and sediment-thickness data:(1) Structurally, the aseismic ridges are surprisingly similar, charac- terized by a blocky, horst-like profile, an average depth of less than 2 km, an average depth to the Mohorovicic discontinuity of 17 km, and an average free-air anomaly of greater than +20 mgal.The fact that their associated free-air anomalies increase from near zero at their seaward ends to greater than +40 mgal at their landward ends suggests -
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Acta Geologica Polonica, Vol. 54 (2004), No. 4, pp. 639-656 20 years of event stratigraphy in NW Germany; advances and open questions FRANK WIESE1, CHRISTOPHER J. WOOD2 & ULRICH KAPLAN3 1Fachrichtung Paläontologie, Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften der FU Berlin, Malteserstr. 74-100, D-12249 Berlin, Germany. Email: [email protected] 2Scops Geological Services Ltd., 31 Periton Lane, Minehead Somerset, TA24 8AQ, UK. Email: [email protected] 1Eichenalle 141, D-33332 Gütersloh, Germany. Email: [email protected] “The being determines consciousness” (Karl Marx) For Gundolf ABSTRACT: WIESE, F., WOOD, C.J. & KAPLAN, U. 2004. 20 years of event stratigraphy in NW Germany; advances and open ques- tions. Acta Geologica Polonica, 54 (4), 639-656. Warszawa. The application of event stratigraphy in the Cenomanian to Lower Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) Plänerkalk Gruppe of northwestern Germany has advanced stratigraphic resolution considerably. For a short interval in the Upper Turonian, various genetically variable events (bioevents, tephroevents, stable isotope marker, eustatoevents) are reviewed and new data are partly added. In addition, the lateral litho and biofacies changes within individual events are discussed and provide a basis for a tentative high-resolution correlation between distal and proximal settings. The dense sequence of events permits a stratigraphic resolution of 50 – 100ky for some intervals. Beyond stratigraphic purposes, the alternation of fossil barren intervals with thin fossil beds still demands explanations. As taphonomic processes are considered to be play only a minor role, other explanations are required. It appears that trophic aspects and a calibra- tion of planktic and benthic faunal assemblages may result in a better understanding of this biosedimentary system and its faunal characteristics.