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Ausgewählte Exonyme Der Deutschen Sprache

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Ausgewählte Exonyme Der Deutschen Sprache Ausgewählte Exonyme der deutschen Sprache Deutsche Namen und ihre phonetische Umschriftung für geographische Objekte in Ländern oder Gebieten ohne deutsche Amtssprache 2. Ausgabe Selected German Language Exonyms German names and their phonetic transcription designating geographical objects of countries or regions where German is not an official language Second Edition Ständiger Ausschuss für geographische Namen (StAGN) Frankfurt am Main 2002 2 Ausgewählte Exonyme der deutschen Sprache Deutsche Namen und ihre phonetische Umschriftung für geographische Objekte in Ländern oder Gebieten ohne deutsche Amtssprache 2. Ausgabe Selected German Language Exonyms German names and their phonetic transcription designating geographical objects of countries or regions where German is not an official language Second Edition Bearbeitet vom Ständigen Ausschuss für geographische Namen (StAGN) in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie (BKG), Frankfurt am Main und der Aussprachendatenbank der ARD beim Hessischen Rundfunk, Frankfurt am Main Prepared by Ständiger Ausschuss für geographische Namen (StAGN) (Permanent committee on geographical names) in co-operation with the Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy, Frankfurt am Main and the ARD Pronunciation Database at Hessischer Rundfunk, Frankfurt am Main (Pronunciation Database of German Broadcasting Houses by State Law established at Hessian Broadcasting Station) Ständiger Ausschuss für geographische Namen (StAGN) Frankfurt am Main 2002 3 . 4 Vorwort Preface Der Charakter dieser Liste als Auswahlliste ist vor al- The character of this list as a selection list is primarily lem durch den Umstand bestimmt, dass das Deutsche given by the circumstance that due to geographical aufgrund geographischer und geschichtlicher Sach- and historical facts the German language is one of verhalte zu denjenigen Sprachen zählt, die in ihrem those languages the vocabulary of which is endowed Wortschatz über besonders zahlreiche Exonyme ver- with an exceptionally high number of exonyms. It fügen. Es versteht sich, dass von ihnen nur ein kleiner goes without saying that only a small part of them Teil aufgenommen werden konnte. Wenn in dieser could be included here. If an exonym is not contained Liste ein deutsches Exonym nicht enthalten ist, so ist in this list, this does not necessarily mean that it is not daraus nicht zu folgern, dass es nicht – oder nicht – or no longer – in current usage. mehr – in Gebrauch stünde. Die Hauptaussage der Liste bilden die deutschen Exo- The main focus of this list is put on the German ex- nyme; die übrigen Angaben dienen lediglich der leich- onyms; the other items serve merely for an easier teren Identifikation der betreffenden Objekte. Deshalb identification of the geographical features concerned. kann es vorkommen, daß in manchen Fällen die Um- It may therefore well be that in some cases the tran- schrift eines nicht lateinschriftigen Endonyms nicht scription of an endonym in non-Roman script does not den jeweils letzten gültigen nationalen Normen ent- comply with the last version of the accepted national spricht. Die von den Vereinten Nationen empfohlenen standards. The existing conversion systems of the Umschriftsysteme wurden angewendet. Ferner ist mit United Nations were applied. Furthermore, the attribu- der Zuordnung eines Ortsnamens zu einem Staat oder tion of a name to a certain state or region does not im- Gebiet keine Stellungnahme zu der staatsrechtlichen ply a statement on the constitutional situation of the Zugehörigkeit des Objekts oder der Situation des Ge- geographical feature or on the territorial dependency biets verbunden. of a region . Die nachstehende Liste wurde aufgrund der Resoluti- The following list has been compiled according to onen II/28 der 2. Konferenz der Vereinten Nationen resolutions II/28 of the Second United Nations Con- zur Standardisierung geographischer Namen 1972 und ference on the Standardization of Geographical III/18 and III/19 der 3. Konferenez 1977 zusammen- Names, 1972, and III/18 and III/19 of the Third UN gestellt1. Der hier verwendete Begriff «Exonym» ent- Conference, 19771. The term «exonym» corresponds spricht der Definition im «Glossary of Toponymic to the definition of the «Glossary of Toponymic Ter- Terminology» (1998) 2: minology» (1998)2: "Name used in a specific language for a geographical "Name used in a specific language for a geographical feature situated outside the area where that language feature situated outside the area where that language has official status, and differing in its form from the has official status, and differing in its form from the name used in the official language or languages of the name used in the official language or languages of the area where the geographical feature is situated." area where the geographical feature is situated." Beispiel: Genf, deutsches Exonym für Genève. Example: Genf, German exonym for Genève. Dieser Exonymbegriff schließt somit auch Namen- The term exonym, therefore, includes also name vari- formen ein, die einer bodenständigen Sprache angehö- ants for the respective objects that belong to an in- ren, an dem betreffenden Ort aber keinen amtlichen digenous language, if such name forms are not offi- Charakter besitzen. Z.B. sind die vor Ort verwendeten cially approved (e.g. German names Hermannstadt deutschen Namen Hermannstadt (RO) und Weißen- (RO) and Weißenburg (FR) are exonyms in this sense, burg (FR) in diesem Sinn Exonyme, weil die allein because the only official name forms are the Roma- amtlichen Namenformen Sibiu (rumänisch) bzw. Wis- nian name Sibiu and the French name Wissembourg, sembourg (französisch) lauten. Zum Problem des respectively). Concerning the use of exonyms we refer Gebrauchs von Exonymen wird auf das Arbeitspapier to the working paper «Conventional Names, Defini- «Conventional Names, Definitions, Usage» verwie- tions, Usage»3. sen3. In die Liste sind nur gängige Exonyme aufgenommen The list presented here contains only currently em- worden. Ferner sind deutsche Exonyme in der Regel ployed exonyms. Furthermore, exonyms have in prin- nicht aufgeführt, ciple not been included, – wenn sie sich vom amtlichen Endonym nur geringfü- – if they differ only slightly from the official endonym, gig unterscheiden; z.B. Rhone / Rhône (FR); Kon- as e.g. Rhone / Rhône (FR); Konstanza / Constanţa stanza / Constanţa (RO); Oslofjord / Oslofjorden (RO); Oslofjord / Oslofjorden (NO); Ardennen / Ar- (NO); Ardennen / Ardennes (FR); dennes (FR); – wenn sie auf der Übersetzung appellativischer Na- – if they are based on the translation of generic parts of mensbestandteile beruhen, gegebenenfalls in Verbin- the name, occasionally in connection with specific dung mit spracheigenen Ableitungen von proprialen derivations of proper name parts, as e.g. Nordterrito- Namensbestandteilen, z.B. Nordterritorium / Northern rium / Northern Territory (AU); Trasimenischer See / 5 Territory (AU); Trasimenischer See / Lago Trasime- Lago Trasimeno (IT); Bergamasker Alpen / Alpi Ber- no (IT); Bergamasker Alpen / Alpi Bergamasche (IT); gamasche (IT); – wenn sie die deutsche Form amtlicher Staatennamen – if they are the official German version of country darstellen, die in der StAGN-Publikation «Liste der names as included in the publication of StAGN «List Staatennamen» enthalten sind4. of country names»4. Die erste Ausgabe der Liste «Ausgewählte Exonyme The first edition of the list of «Selected exonyms of deutscher Sprache» wurde unter der Leitung von E. the German language» was prepared by StAGN under Spiess bearbeitet und vom StAGN 1994 auf der 17. the convenorship of E. Spiess and presented at the Sitzung der Expertengruppe der Vereinten Nationen 17th Session of the United Nations Group of Experts für geographische Namen (UNGEGN) vorgelegt5. on Geographical Names (UNGEGN) in 19945. In Zusammenarbeit mit der ARD- In cooperation with the German broadcasting station Aussprachedatenbank beim Hessischen Rundfunk Hessischer Rundfunk, the custodian of the Pronuncia- wurde die erste Ausgabe der Exonymenliste gründlich tion Database of ARD (German Broadcasting Houses überarbeitet sowie insbesondere um die phonetische by State Law), the first edition of the list of exonyms Umschriftung der deutschen Exonyme und der Endo- was thoroughly revised as well as extended by includ- nyme erweitert. Letztere sind in einer Form wiederge- ing also the phonetic transcriptions of the German ex- geben, die als "Ans Deutsche angepasste Endonym- onyms and the endonyms. The latter ones are rendered Aussprache" bezeichnet wird. Hierdurch wird der in a form called "Endonym pronunciation adapted to Schwierigkeit oder dem Unvermögen von Sprechern German", by that taking into account the difficulty or mit deutscher Muttersprache Rechnung getragen, sol- inability of German mother-tongue speakers to pro- che Laute auszusprechen, die für die deutsche Sprache nounce those phonemes which are unusal for the ungewöhnlich sind. German language. Die überarbeitete 2. Ausgabe enthält etwa 500 Einträ- The revised second edition contains some 500 entries ge mit folgenden Attributen: to which the following items belong: - ISO-Zwei-Buchstaben-Ländercode, - Country two-letter ISO code, - Ländername (in Deutsch), - Country name (in German), - Geographische Koordinaten des Objekts, - Geographical co-ordinates of the feature, - Schreibweise des Exonyms, - spelling of the German exonym, - IPA-Umschriftung der Exonymaussprache, - IPA transcription of the German exonym, - Schreibweise des Endonyms (in Lateinschrift),
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