Eden Drought Status Quo Disaster Management Perspective
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EDEN DROUGHT STATUS QUO A DISASTER MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE 8 MARCH 2018 BACKGROUND • The Garden Route is prone to natural disasters (floods, fires, drought) this is exacerbated by the imminent threat of climate change that is expected to raise temperatures and reduce rainfall; • The main factors that exacerbate the effects of the disasters include both environmental as well as man-made challenges; • To protect the environment and to respond to potential disasters, some mitigation measures are already in place at local municipal level and on district level a draft Eden Climate Change Adaptation Plan has been compiled and a dedicated Disaster Management Centre, based in George, has been established; • However, a broader approach is required to accelerate the movement to become “the greenest district in Africa” as well as to ensure water security at all local towns in the district; • Water security is a substantial challenge: Many towns in the district only have limited bulk water storage capacity; Alien invasive trees consume up to 5 billion liters of water annually across Eden, and Due to damaged wetlands the natural ability of this “natural barrier” to regulate and filter water is inhibited; LINES OF COMMUNICATION NDMC→PDMC→MDMC NATIONAL CENTRE PROVINCIAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTRE 6 REGIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTRES DM DM CITY OF DM DM DM CAPE OVERBERG BOLAND EDEN CENTRAL WEST TOWN KAROO COAST PROVINCIAL - SANDF DEPARTMENTS - SAPS - AND OTHER STATE DEPARTMENTS - NGO’S 24 LOCAL MUNICIPALITIES - PARASTATALS (ESCOM/SPOORNET/ACSA, ETC) AREA OF THE BGCMA Eden District 4 WATER INFRASTRUCTURE: GOURITZ 5 EDEN PRIORITY RISKS 201 4 RISK ASSESSMENT Priority Hazards identified Additional hazards identified 2005 2013 Drought Seismic hazards HAZMAT: Road, Rail Petro -Chemical Fire Hazards Fire Alien Plant Invasion Floods Predator Animals Slope Failures Structural Integrity Old Gouritz Bridge Road Accidents Storm Surges Animal diseases Coastal Erosion (Sea Level Rise) Dam Shedding Service Disruptions Human diseases Social Disruptions Table 1: EDM 2005 and 2014 identified hazards OUTENIQUA COAST WATER SITUATION STRATEGY • The Outeniqua Coast Water Situation Strategy Study was initiated in 2005 and completed in March 2008 ; • The hydrology for the area was updated and the ecological reserve requirements was taken into consideration; • Water reconciliation strategies were developed for each of the major towns, i.e. Mossel Bay, George and Knysna • Alternate sources of future water supply were proposed with the following targets: Re-use of treated waste water (50%), Groundwater (20%) , Desalination (20%) To bring unaccounted for water (losses) down to less than 20% Year Bitou DMA George Hessequa Kannaland Knysna Mossel Bay Oudtshoorn Eden DM 2001 30 057 14 116 135 409 44 224 22 821 52 027 71 494 80 854 451 002 2002 31 346 14 470 138 845 45 162 32 478 52 785 74 364 82 230 462 680 2003 32 635 14 824 142 281 46 101 24 134 53 543 77 234 83 606 474 358 2004 33 925 15 177 145718 47 039 24 791 54 301 80 103 84 981 486 035 2005 35 214 15 531 149154 47 978 25 447 55 059 82 973 86 357 497 713 2006 36 503 15 885 152590 48 916 26 104 55 817 85 843 87 733 509 391 2007 37 877 16 055 155046 49 545 26 404 56 248 88 132 87 918 517 225 2008 39 252 16 225 157502 50 175 26 705 56 679 90 422 88 102 525 060 2009 40 626 16 395 159 957 50 804 27 005 57 110 92 711 88 287 532 894 2010 42 000 178 978 51 433 27 305 57 541 95 000 88 471 540 728 2011 43 374 187 665 52 062 27 605 57 972 98 000 88 656 555 335 2012 44 749 196 353 52 692 27 906 58 403 101 000 88 840 569 941 2013 46 123 205 040 53 321 28 206 58 834 104 000 89 042 584 548 2014 47 497 213 728 53 950 28 506 59 265 107 000 89 209 599 155 2015 48 871 222 415 54 579 28 806 59 696 110 000 89 394 613 761 2016 50 043 227 752 55 888 29 497 61 128 112 640 91 539 628 491 2017 51 244 233 219 57 230 30 205 62 595 115 343 93 736 643 572 2018 52 473 238 816 58 603 30 930 64 098 118 111 95 986 659 017 Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality GEORGE RAINFALL 1950 - 2009 • Trend of annual rainfall shows a decline from 900 mm per annum in 1900 to an average of 630 by 2009 ; • The extremes vary between 300 and 1200mm per annum over the last 30 years . WOLWEDANS DAM WAS AT ITS LOWEST SINCE 1992 Wolwedans Dam - % of full capacity THE GARDEN ROUTE DAM WAS BELOW 15% MUNICIPALITY PROJECT DESCRIPTION TOTAL COSTS MUNICIPAL DROUGHT PETRO SA DROUGHT CONTRIBUTION RELIEF Contribution RELIEF CONDITIONAL CONDITIONAL GRANT (1 st ) GRANT (2nd) Mossel Bay Re-use of effluent and R52.5 million R10 million R16.5 million R22.5 million - equipment for boreholes. George Re-use of waste water, R121.6 million R10.6 million R15 million - R75 million flow reducing devices, Malgas pumping scheme and block burning of river catchments. Knysna Drilling and equipment R40.1 million - R22.2 million - R17.9 million for new bore holes and water re-use. Bitou Groundwater usage R23 million - - - R20 million and seawater usage: Desalination Plant to clean 2 M/l per day. Beaufort West Re-use of effluent and R28.6 million - - - R28.6 million boreholes. TOTAL R265.8m R20.6 m R53.7 m R22.5m R141.5m Source: http://www.drought.unl.edu Towns with less than three months of water supply in storage. Towns predominantly dependent on river and/or groundwater abstraction system for water supply with a high risk of experiencing insufficient flow volumes during the prevailing drought conditions Towns with three to six months of water supply in storage Towns predominantly dependent on river and/or groundwater abstraction system for water supply with a medium risk of experiencing insufficient flow volumes during the prevailing drought conditions Towns with six to twelve months of water supply in storage Towns predominantly dependent on river and/or groundwater abstraction system for water supply with a low risk of experiencing insufficient flow volumes during the prevailing drought conditions Towns with a sustainable water supply of more than twelve month s Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality Plettenberg Uniondale Haarlem Bay Heidelberg Gouritzmond Wilderness Hoekwil Kurland Albertinia Riversdale Natures Valley Slangrivier Buisplaas Stilbaai Friemersheim Witsand Herbertsdale Rheenendal Ruitersbos Karatara Calitzdorp Sedgefield De Rust KKKWSS Zoar Ladismith Buffalo Van Bay Wyksdorp Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality George Bitou 51.2 mm 38.0mm Mossel Bay 22.4mm Hessequa 21mm Knysna Kannaland 61.1mm 3.8mm Oudtshoorn 2.5mm Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality George Bitou 96.9 mm 51.2mm Mossel Bay 49.6mm Hessequa 42.6mm Knysna Kannaland 89.7mm 10.2m Oudtshoorn 21.2mm Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality Plettenberg Uniondale Haarlem Bay Heidelberg Gouritzmond Wilderness Hoekwil Kurland Albertinia Riversdale Natures Valley Slangrivier Buisplaas Stilbaai Friemersheim Witsand Herbertsdale Rheenendal Ruitersbos Karatara Calitzdorp Sedgefield De Rust KKKWSS Zoar Ladismith Buffalo Van Bay Wyksdorp Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality Dam as percentage full ˂ = 50% ˃ = 51% & ˂ = 90% ˃ = 91% Korente Vet Duiwenhoks Garden Haarlem Roodefontein 57.59% 99.39% Route 66.33% 70.94% Ernest 95.87% Robertson Olive Groove Klipheuwel 97.95% 43% 80.71% Wolwedans 87.45% Jongensfontein 70% Hartebeeskuil 6.43% Akkerkloof 45% JF Le Grange Mara 35% 100% Park Goewerments Gleeb Melwille 100% 10% 75% 15% Raubenheimer Gholfbaan Nels Jongensland Tierkloof 55% 80% 15% 65% 100% Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality Low / No Medium / Normal Strong George Swart River Kaaimans River Hessequa Malgas River Bitou Duiwenhoks River Holdrif River Keurbooms Touw River Wit River Groot River Knysna Knysna River Mossel Bay Gouna River Friemersheim Weir Goukamma River Ruitersbos Weir Homtini River Oudtshoorn Kannaland Huisrivier Swartberg River Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality George Bitou Hessequa 31 8,4 8.4 Knysna Mossel Bay 13.01 25.8 Oudtshoorn Kannaland 21.2 8.8 Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality Municipality Challenges Bitou Funding needed to complete Wadrift Dam. Expansion of the current desalination plant Knysna Funding needed for water conservation devices . The expansion of bulk water storage capasity. George Operational challenges with regards to the operation of the UF plant. Mossel Bay Funding to explore additional groundwater sources in the Buisplaas and Herbertsdale areas. Hessequa Funding to explore additional groundwater sources as well as storage capacity. Ageing infrastructure (pipelines) Kannaland Funding to explore additional groundwater sources as well as storage capacity. Oudtshoorn Funding w.r.t pipeline that is needed from the Rus- en-Vrede Waterfall to Dysselsdorp. Development of additional bulk storage and completion of the Blossoms deep groundwater project District Need for cross boundary bulk water projects to ensure water security of the entire district Eden District Municipality • +27(0)44 803 1300 • www.edendm.gov.za • www.fb.com/edendistrictmunicipality Municipality Water Augmentation