Queen's Birthday Celebration
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Constitution of the Irish Free State (Saorstát Eireann) Act, 1922
Constitution of the Irish Free State (Saorstát Eireann) Act, 1922 CONSTITUTION OF THE IRISH FREE STATE (SAORSTÁT EIREANN) ACT, 1922. AN ACT TO ENACT A CONSTITUTION FOR THE IRISH FREE STATE (SAORSTÁT EIREANN) AND FOR IMPLEMENTING THE TREATY BETWEEN GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND SIGNED AT LONDON ON THE 6TH DAY OF DECEMBER, 1921. DÁIL EIREANN sitting as a Constituent Assembly in this Provisional Parliament, acknowledging that all lawful authority comes from God to the people and in the confidence that the National life and unity of Ireland shall thus be restored, hereby proclaims the establishment of The Irish Free State (otherwise called Saorstát Eireann) and in the exercise of undoubted right, decrees and enacts as follows:— 1. The Constitution set forth in the First Schedule hereto annexed shall be the Constitution of The Irish Free State (Saorstát Eireann). 2. The said Constitution shall be construed with reference to the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty between Great Britain and Ireland set forth in the Second Schedule hereto annexed (hereinafter referred to as “the Scheduled Treaty”) which are hereby given the force of law, and if any provision of the said Constitution or of any amendment thereof or of any law made thereunder is in any respect repugnant to any of the provisions of the Scheduled Treaty, it shall, to the extent only of such repugnancy, be absolutely void and inoperative and the Parliament and the Executive Council of the Irish Free State (Saorstát Eireann) shall respectively pass such further legislation and do all such other things as may be necessary to implement the Scheduled Treaty. -
1 Antony Bounds Is in the Final Year of a Phd in History at the University of Warwick on the West Indies Federation and British
1 Antony Bounds is in the final year of a PhD in History at the University of Warwick on the West Indies Federation and British Decolonisation in the Caribbean. ___________________________________________________________________________ The Society for Caribbean Studies Annual Conference Papers edited by Sandra Courtman Copyright remains with the author Vol. 10 2009 ISSN 1471-2024 http://www.caribbeanstudies.org The Conception of the West Indies Federation and the Realities of an Imperial Legacy Antony Bounds The short-lived West Indies Federation (1958-1962) represented an attempt by British and West Indian leaders to create an entity that would provide the peoples of the region with a stable economic and political future once they had achieved independence from colonial rule. It provided Britain with an opportunity to relinquish the financial burden of the region while ensuring that it created a favourable view of its more than 300 years of imperial control. One of the central drivers of British policy in the West Indies was to ensure a successful federation, which would cement Britain’s imperial legacy in the Caribbean. This was not to be the case. By 1962 the West Indies Federation had collapsed due to arguments around finance and freedom of movement. Its two largest members, Jamaica and Trinidad, had been granted their independence as separate nation states and members of the Commonwealth. The idea of federation, for almost three decades seen as synonymous with achieving independence, had by 1962 become unviable. The aim of this paper is to explore the early motives and actions of Britain and the West Indian islands in their attempt to create a successful federation for the region. -
The Cultural Significance of Precious Stones in Early Modern England
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations, Theses, & Student Research, Department of History History, Department of 6-2011 The Cultural Significance of Precious Stones in Early Modern England Cassandra Auble University of Nebraska-Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/historydiss Part of the Cultural History Commons, European History Commons, and the History of Gender Commons Auble, Cassandra, "The Cultural Significance of Precious Stones in Early Modern England" (2011). Dissertations, Theses, & Student Research, Department of History. 39. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/historydiss/39 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, & Student Research, Department of History by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. THE CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PRECIOUS STONES IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND by Cassandra J. Auble A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts Major: History Under the Supervision of Professor Carole Levin Lincoln, Nebraska June, 2011 THE CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PRECIOUS STONES IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND Cassandra J. Auble, M.A. University of Nebraska, 2011 Adviser: Carole Levin Sixteenth and seventeenth century sources reveal that precious stones served a number of important functions in Elizabethan and early Stuart society. The beauty and rarity of certain precious stones made them ideal additions to fashion and dress of the day. These stones also served political purposes when flaunted as examples of a country‘s wealth, bestowed as favors, or even worn as a show of royal support. -
Westminster Abbey ASERVICE to CELEBRATE the 60TH ANNIVERSARY of the CORONATION of HER MAJESTY QUEEN ELIZABETH II
Westminster Abbey ASERVICE TO CELEBRATE THE 60TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE CORONATION OF HER MAJESTY QUEEN ELIZABETH II Tuesday 4th June 2013 at 11.00 am FOREWORD On 2nd June 1953, the Coronation of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II followed a pattern established over the centuries since William the Conqueror was crowned in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066. Our intention in this Service of Thanksgiving is to evoke and reflect the shape of the Coronation service itself. The Queen’s entrance was marked by the Choirs’ singing Psalm 122—I was glad—set to music for the Coronation of EdwardVII by Sir Hubert Parry. The Queen’s Scholars of Westminster School exercised their historic right to exclaim Vivat Regina Elizabetha! (‘Long live Queen Elizabeth!’); so it will be today. The coronation service begins with the Recognition. The content of this part of the service is, of course, not today what it was in 1953, but the intention is similar: to recognise with thanksgiving the dutiful service offered over the past sixty years by our gracious and noble Queen, and to continue to pray God saveThe Queen. The Anointing is an act of consecration, a setting apart for royal and priestly service, through the gift of the Holy Spirit. The Ampulla from which the oil was poured rests today on the HighAltar as a reminder of that central act. St Edward’s Crown also rests today on the High Altar as a powerful symbol of the moment of Coronation. In today’s Service, a flask of Oil is carried by representatives of the people of the United Kingdom to the Sacrarium, received by theArchbishop and placed by the Dean on the High Altar. -
From Allegory to Domesticity and Informality, Elizabeth I and Elizabeth II
The Image of the Queen; From Allegory to Domesticity and Informality, Elizabeth I and Elizabeth II. By Mihail Vlasiu [Master of Philosophy Faculty of Arts University of Glasgow] Christie’s Education London Master’s Programme September 2000 © Mihail Vlasiu ProQuest Number: 13818866 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 13818866 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 GLASGOW 1 u n iv er sity .LIBRARY: \1S3lS Abstract This thesis focuses on issues of continuity and change in the evolution royal portraiture and examines the similarities and differences in portraying Elizabeth I in the 16th and 17th centuries and Elizabeth II in the 20th century. The thesis goes beyond the similarity of the shared name of the two monarchs; it shows the major changes not only in the way of portraying a queen but also in the way in which the public has changed its perception of the monarch and of the monarchy. Elizabeth I aimed to unite a nation by focusing the eye upon herself, while Elizabeth II triumphed through humanity and informality. -
Tudors to Windsors: British Royal Portraits 16 March – 14 July
Tudors to Windsors: British Royal Portraits 16 March – 14 July Chris Levine, Queen Elizabeth II (Lightness of being), 2007 National Portrait Gallery, London • Founded in 1856, the National Portrait Gallery was the first gallery established exclusively for displaying portraiture. The Gallery’s collection includes a wide variety of works such as painting, sculpture, photography, prints and caricatures. Tudors to Windsors is the first time the NPG has toured their outstanding collection of royal portraiture. Bendigo Art Gallery has collaborated with the National Portrait Gallery on several occasions but this is by far the most extensive exhibition the NPG has ever sent to Australia and Bendigo Art Gallery is one of only two venues in the world, the other being Houston, Texas. The exhibition traces many of the major events in British history, examining the ways in which royal portraits were impacted by both the personalities of individual monarchs and wider historical change. The exhibition explores five royal dynasties, from the Tudors to the Windsors, and includes works by many of the most important artists to have worked in Britain. • Alongside the works of art from the National Portrait Gallery, Bendigo Art Gallery has secured some additional loans to further explain the lives of these fascinating characters. Special loans from the Royal Armouries and Historic Royal Palaces add a further dimension to this exhibition. 1483-1603 Above after Titian, Philip II, king of Spain 1555, oil on panel Right after Hans Holbein the younger King Henry VIII, c.1540s, oil on wood panel Art Gallery of South Australia, Adelaide • The Tudors are one of the most famous royal dynasties in the world. -
Small States and the Challenge of Sovereignty
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OpenGrey Repository Small States and the Challenge of Sovereignty: Commonwealth Caribbean Offshore Financial Centers and Tax Competition William B. Vlcek Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in International Relations The London School of Economics and Political Science University of London 2006 ABSTRACT The dynamics of inter-state relations and state sovereignty have been disturbed by late-20th century globalisation. Yet the literature on the international system, globalisation and international political economy gives scant attention to the most vulnerable sovereign entities, the small and micro states. One significant exception has been the Commonwealth, with its many small state members. Another is the area of financial crime, and the role of the offshore financial centre (OFC) within global finance. This thesis analyses the efforts of several small Commonwealth states from the Caribbean to maintain their OFCs in the face of an OECD-directed campaign against tax competition. It demonstrates both the contribution made to economic development by an OFC and the successful assertion of sovereignty achieved by these small states. The case study focuses on Caribbean OFCs and the OECD campaign against harmful tax competition during 1998 - 2003. First, the argument that tax competition is a global problem is deconstructed. Three main points from the small states’ response to the OECD position are explored, along with the OECD’s rebuttal. Because the small states are individually at a disadvantage, the thesis provides an exposition of the collective response facilitated by the Commonwealth. -
Edinburgh – Scotland
Example Itinerary Edinburgh – Scotland Day 1 After arriving at the airport, guests will be transferred to Edinburgh city centre in vintage double decker coaches. The bus conductor will issue authentic tickets before guests board the bus to their panoramic city tour to lunch. Upon arrival the group will be welcomed with a drink at a traditional pub like Ghillie Dhu, a beautifully restored Grade A listed building which showcases all the traditional features of what was originally the St Thomas Episcopal Church. With an enviable location, tucked in at the west end of Princes Street between the main shopping district and the cities financial hub, Ghillie Dhu is easily accessible for all manner of events large or small. Guests can then visit the famous Royal Yacht Britannia in Leith. It was the private boat of HM Queen Elizabeth II, designed by her and Prince Phillip and sailed the world many times entertaining Heads of State and VIPs. Some such people who dined on board were President Clinton, Regan, Nelson Mandela, and all the Royal Family stayed. For over forty years The Royal Yacht Britannia proudly served the British Royal Family and sailed over one million miles on nearly a thousand official visits. Dinner will be served in a restaurant in Edinburgh’s busy old town; including a pre-dinner whisky tasting. Guests will learn all about the ‘water of life’ and a local whisky expert will help them discover the different aromas and flavours that appeal to the palate. Day 2 After breakfast at the hotel guests will be taken to the magnificent Gosford House, an imposing neo-classical villa originally designed for the seventh Earl of Wemyss. -
The Commonwealth of Nations
The Commonwealth of Nations : From Empire Management to International and Transnational Cooperation Virginie Roiron, maître de conférences en en civilisation britannique et du Commonwealth Summary : This course enquires into the evolution of the Commonwealth of Nations from an association within the British Empire and imperial management tool into an independent international organisation. The Commonwealth of Nations, first called the British Commonwealth, was a key instrument in the British decolonisation process. After the decolonisation of Africa at the beginning of the 1960s, the Commonwealth had to work out objectives for itself and find a new role on the international scene. From 1990 on, in addition to its economic commitments, the Commonwealth has focused on the promotion of common political values (democracy, human rights, good governance). The Commonwealth of Nations is an international association of 53 states but it would be better defined as a network, as it has always put non-state actors and informal proceedings at the heart of its particular identity. With both an international and a transnational dimension, the Commonwealth offers an opportunity to reflect on the legacy of former imperial links in today’s international relations, on multilateralism and the circulation of ideas, values, standards in a globalised world, and on the evolution of international relations in the 21st century, and particularly the intervention of new agencies and different forms of diplomacy. Bibliography : Brown J.M., Louis W.R. (ed.), The Oxford -
The Role and Future of the Commonwealth
House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee The role and future of the Commonwealth Fourth Report of Session 2012–13 Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 1 November 2012 HC 114 [Incorporating HC 1810-i, -ii and -iii, Session 2010-12] Published on 15 November 2012 by authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited £23.00 The Foreign Affairs Committee The Foreign Affairs Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and its associated agencies. Current membership Richard Ottaway (Conservative, Croydon South) (Chair) Rt Hon Bob Ainsworth (Labour, Coventry North East) Mr John Baron (Conservative, Basildon and Billericay) Rt Hon Sir Menzies Campbell (Liberal Democrat, North East Fife) Rt Hon Ann Clwyd (Labour, Cynon Valley) Mike Gapes (Labour/Co-op, Ilford South) Mark Hendrick (Labour/Co-op, Preston) Andrew Rosindell (Conservative, Romford) Mr Frank Roy (Labour, Motherwell and Wishaw) Rt Hon Sir John Stanley (Conservative, Tonbridge and Malling) Rory Stewart (Conservative, Penrith and The Border) The following Members were also members of the Committee during the parliament: Emma Reynolds (Labour, Wolverhampton North East) Mr Dave Watts (Labour, St Helens North) Powers The Committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No 152. These are available on the Internet via www.parliament.uk. Publication The Reports and evidence of the Committee are published by The Stationery Office by Order of the House. All publications of the Committee (including news items) are on the internet at www.parliament.uk/facom. -
Are You Willing to Be Made Nothing? Is Commonwealth Reform Possible?
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography Are you willing to be made nothing? Is Commonwealth reform possible? FRANCIS BAERT AND TIMOTHY M. SHAW* Are you willing to be sponged out, erased, cancelled, made nothing? Are you willing to be made nothing? dipped into oblivion? If not, you will never really change.1 The above passage is from ‘Phoenix’, one of the last poems of D. H. Lawrence. Like the firebird, international organizations seem never, or rarely, to die, as Susan Strange has provocatively argued.2 The British empire is long gone, but out of its ashes grew the Commonwealth, a somewhat awkward, idiosyncratic network. It is no surprise, then, that most analyses of the Commonwealth consist of existential musings: for whom and for what purpose does it exist? Its telos is elusive, even for the most ardent followers, such as James Mayall: ‘I think of the modern Commonwealth as a happy accident. If it did not exist it would neither be necessary nor perhaps possible to invent it.’3 Hedley Bull’s comment in the middle of the last century is telling: ‘Too close an inspection might serve only to explode the “myth” of the Commonwealth and accelerate its continuous progress of disintegration’.4 If a recent poll is to be believed, most British people have no idea about the purpose or policies of the Commonwealth: in a survey of 100 senior United Kingdom decision-makers from media, politics and the civil service, only 25 per cent of respondents correctly identified the Commonwealth when its activ- ities were described.5 * We would like to thank Stephen Kingah, Christopher L. -
Valued at £67 Billion, the Monarchy Is Britain's Greatest Treasure
Press Release – For Immediate Release Valued at £67 Billion, the Monarchy is Britain’s Greatest Treasure Brand Finance estimates the capital value of the UK Monarchy as a business at £67.5bn Monarchy’s annual contribution to the UK economy in 2017 is £1.766bn Annual cost per head is less than £4.50 a year, equal to just over 1p a day View the Brand Finance Monarchy 2017 report here As the Queen and Duke of Edinburgh celebrate their Platinum Wedding Anniversary, leading brand and business valuation consultancy Brand Finance has estimated the total worth of the UK Monarchy. Growing every year since the inception of the study in 2012, the value of the British Monarchy now amounts to approximately £67.5 billion. The Monarchy’s tangible assets – the Crown Estate, the Duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall, and the Royal Collection, including the Crown Jewels – account for £25.5 billion. The intangible value, understood as the present value of the benefits that the Monarchy is expected to bring the UK economy over the years, constitutes the remaining £42 billion. Brand Finance estimates that in 2017 the Monarchy generated a gross uplift of £1.766 billion to the UK economy. The contribution includes the Crown Estate’s surplus as well as the Monarchy’s indirect effect on various industries. The respect for the institution boosts the price and volume premium of brands boasting a Royal Warrant or a Coat of Arms; the appeal of pomp and circumstance set in living royal residences draws millions of tourists; the mystique surrounding the Monarchy adds to the popularity of shows like The Crown and Victoria that offer a glimpse of the private lives of the Royal Family.