The Helminthological Society of Washington

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Helminthological Society of Washington Volume 50 July 1983 Number 2 PROCEEDINGS of The Helminthological Society of Washington A semiannual 'journal of research devofed fo Helminthology and all branches of Parasifofogy Supported in part by the Brayton H. Ransom Memorial Trust Fund CONTENTS FOSTER, AURF.I O., AND GILBERT F. OTTO. Fifty Years-Fifty Volumes of the Pro- ceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 1934-1983 187 GOLDEN. A. MORGAN. The Brayton H. Ransom Memorial Trust Fund 200 GKANATH. WILLARD O., JR.. AND GERALD \V. Est n. Seasonal Dynamics of Bothrio- ccphahis achcilognathi in Ambient and Thermally Altered Areas of a North Car- olina Cooling Reservoir 205 HAYl'NGA, EUGENE G., MARY P. St,'MNER, Mi( HAI-I SlEK, JR., WlLTON E. VANNIER, AND Rv'BY Y. CHI-SIM:i. Purification of the Major Concanavalin A-Binding Surface Glycoprotcin from Adult Si-histosonia mansoni 219 BERGSTROM, ROISERT C. Aphodius Beetles as Biological Control Agents of Elk Lung- worm, DictypCOuliu hadwcni 236 S i RINGI ELLOW, FRANK. Chloride Ions in Gastric Contents from Helminth-free Calves Repel Exsheathed Larvae of Ostertagia osurtagi 240 Si XX 'K, T. M.. AND M. W. BARRETT. Helminth Parasites of the Gastrointestinal Tracts and Lungs of Moose (A Ices alecs) and Wapiti (Cen-us elaplnis) from Cypress Hills, Alberta, Canada 246 CONTI. JOSEPH A.. DONALD J. FORRPSTER, AND JAMES R. BRADY. Helminths of Black Bears in Florida 252 DYER, WILLIAM G. A Comparison of the Helminth Fauna of Two Plcthodon jordani Populations from Different Altitudes in North Carolina 257 (Continued on Outside Back Cover) Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE SOCIETY meets once a month from October through May for the presentation and discussion of papers in any and all branches of parasitology or related sciences. All interested persons are invited to attend. Persons interested in membership in the Helminthological Society of Washington may obtain application blanks from the Recording Secretary, Raymond V. Rebois, USDA/ARS, PPI Nematology, Bldg. 011 A, BARC-WEST, Beltsville, Maryland 20705. A year's subscription to the Proceedings is included in the annual dues ($15.00). OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY FOR 1983 President: MILFORD N. LUNDE Vice President: SHERMAN S. HENDRICKS Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer: MICHAEL D. RUFF Assistant Corresponding Secretary-Treasurer: JEFFREY D. BIER Recording Secretary: RAYMOND V. REBOIS Archivist: DAVID R. LINCICOME Custodian of Back Issuer. GERHART A. SCHAD Librarian: PATRICIA A. PILITT Representative to the Washington Academy of Sciences: ROBERT S. ISENSTEIN (1976- ) Representative to the American Society of Parasitologists: HARRY HERLICH (1975- ) Executive Committee Memhers-at-Large: WILLIS A. REID, 1983 JUDITH H. SHAW, 1983 RALPH ECKERLIN, 1984 ROSAMUND W. WENDT, 1984 Immediate Past President: LOUIS S. DIAMOND THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON THE PROCEEDINGS arc published semiannual!) at Lawrence, Kansas by the Helminthological Society of Washington. Papers need not be presented at a meeting to be published in the Proceedings. MANUSCRIPTS should be sent to the EDITOR, J. Ralph Lichtenfels, USDA, ARS, BARC East No. 1180. Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Manuscripts must be typewritten, double spaced, and in finished form. The original and two copies are required. Photocopies of figures and drawings may be submitted for review purposes; originals will be requested after acceptance of the manuscript. Papers are accepted with the understanding that they will be published only in the Proceedings. REPRINTS may be ordered from the PRINTER at the same time the corrected proof is returned to the EDITOR. BACK VOLUMES of the Proceedings are available. Inquiries concerning back volumes and current subscriptions should be directed to: Helminthological Society of Washington, c/o Allen Press, Inc., 1041 New Hampshire St., Lawrence, Kansas 66044, U.S.A. BUSINESS OFFICE. The Society's business office is at Lawrence, Kansas. All inquiries concerning subscriptions or back issues and all payments for dues, subscriptions, and back issues should be addressed to: Helminthological Society of Washington, c/o Allen Press, Inc., 1041 New Hampshire St.. Lawrence. Kansas 66044, U.S.A. EDITORIAL BOARD A. JAMES HALEY, Editor J. RALPH LICHTENFELS, Editor Elect 1983 1984 1985 DANIEL R. BROOKS WILLIAM C. CAMPBELL ROY C. ANDERSON JOHN L. CRITES JOHN C. HOLMES RAYMOND M. CABLE GILBERT F. OTTO J. RALPH LICHTENFELS FRANK W. DOUVRES ROBIN M. OVERSTREET JOHN S. MACKIEWICZ RONALD PAYER HARLEY G. SHEFFIELD MARIETTA VOGE DANNY B. PENCE Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington Proc. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. 50(2), 1983, pp. 187-198 Fifty Years-Fifty Volumes of the Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 1934-19831 The Society started the Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Wash- ington as its own Society-owned publication in 1934. The Society's earlier pro- ceedings were published in Science (1911-1913) and the Journal of Parasitology (1914-1933). Now, after 50 years of this Society-owned Proceedings, a review of its evolution would appear to be of historical interest to the members and sub- scribers. During the 50 years of publishing the Proceedings, it has had the developmental influence of only six successive Editors2: Jesse R. Christie (1934-1947; 14 yr), Edward G. Reinhard (1948-1951; 4 yr), Gilbert F. Otto (1952-1965; 14 yr), Francis G. Tromba (1966-1970; 5 yr), Harley G. Sheffield (1971-1975; 5 yr), A. James Haley (1976-1983; 8 yr). These six are the men who shaped the Proceedings, all facing special problems organizationally, editorially, financially, and otherwise, yet who are the architects of what seems today to be a highly disciplined, respected, international scientific journal. When free publication was available to members only, the Society gained many members from all parts of the United States and from all over the world. The result, in retrospect, seems to have been good for all concerned. We shall look further into people who have handled the Proceedings, but cir- cumstances seem to require that we preface these and other historical data with brief reference to the aforementioned precursors of the Proceedings of the Hel- minthological Society of Washington. It is evident that the Society had already matured considerably when the Pro- ceedings was inaugurated. Minutes of the first fifteen meetings had been published in eleven issues of Science. Minutes or notes on the 16th through the 156th meetings were published in 32 issues of the Journal of Parasitology, Volumes 1 through 20. These reports were true proceedings of the meetings, including ref- erence to and gist of papers presented. They were prepared and submitted by the Secretary, for meetings 1 through 148 (1911 — 1932). These were essentially infor- mal notes, unreviewed and unedited. They were digests of what was said or, more accurately, what the secretary thought the various speakers had said. It is worthy of note that the succession of secretaries included Maurice C. Hall, Jesse R. Christie, and Willard H. Wright—a very creditable trio. The only change in 1933 (meetings 149-156) was the formal listing of speakers and titles with formal abstracts. These abstracts were notes usually, but not always, prepared by the 1 Published with the support of the Brayton H. Ransom Memorial Trust Fund. Editor-Elect (1984-1988) is J. Ralph Lichtenfels. 187 Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington 188 Christie (1889-1978), first Editor (1934-1947). Reinhard (1899-1958), second Editor (1948 Photo by George F. Weber. 1951). speaker at the request of the secretary (L. A. Spindler). Thus these continued to be true, and perhaps more authentic, records of the proceedings of the meetings prior to the publication of the Society-owned Proceedings. Both for the record and for the immediate use of the interested reader, references to the published record of these earlier meetings are provided (Table 1). This table was prepared some years ago by Miss Edna M. Buhrer, who served diligently as the Society's Secretary-Treasurer for 38 busy years (1934-1971) (i.e., beginning the year that the Proceedings was born). This informative tabulation was distributed to a few early members of the Society, but not heretofore published. Meanwhile, the ownership of the Journal of Parasitology passed from the ven- erable Henry Baldwin Ward to the American Society of Parasitologists and the editorship from Ward to William Walter Cort, an exceptionally respected active member of the Helminthological Society of Washington, the American Society of Parasitologists, and other scientific societies. Details of considerable interest and pertinency are given in the Special Fiftieth Anniversary Number of the Pro- ceedings of the Society (Historical Resume 27:242-260, 1960). Both Ward and Cort complained about the HelmSoc proceedings as submitted on grounds of content (e.g., articles on "nemas," obituary information, cost of printing, lack of editorial review, and other matters). In a nutshell, both Ward and Cort, with great pride and dedication, acted predictably as conscientious editors. Ward was ada- mant and apparently ready to give up the Journal of Parasitology rather than compromise. Cort apparently felt that the Journal would be a good official organ for the American Society of Parasitologists, which was by then well established, and that the HelmSoc proceedings, because of their variety, could be an asset to Copyright © 2011, The
Recommended publications
  • Gastrointestinal Helminthic Parasites of Habituated Wild Chimpanzees
    Aus dem Institut für Parasitologie und Tropenveterinärmedizin des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Gastrointestinal helminthic parasites of habituated wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Taï NP, Côte d’Ivoire − including characterization of cultured helminth developmental stages using genetic markers Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Veterinärmedizin an der Freien Universität Berlin vorgelegt von Sonja Metzger Tierärztin aus München Berlin 2014 Journal-Nr.: 3727 Gedruckt mit Genehmigung des Fachbereichs Veterinärmedizin der Freien Universität Berlin Dekan: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jürgen Zentek Erster Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna Zweiter Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Heribert Hofer Dritter Gutachter: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Achim Gruber Deskriptoren (nach CAB-Thesaurus): chimpanzees, helminths, host parasite relationships, fecal examination, characterization, developmental stages, ribosomal RNA, mitochondrial DNA Tag der Promotion: 10.06.2015 Contents I INTRODUCTION ---------------------------------------------------- 1- 4 I.1 Background 1- 3 I.2 Study objectives 4 II LITERATURE OVERVIEW --------------------------------------- 5- 37 II.1 Taï National Park 5- 7 II.1.1 Location and climate 5- 6 II.1.2 Vegetation and fauna 6 II.1.3 Human pressure and impact on the park 7 II.2 Chimpanzees 7- 12 II.2.1 Status 7 II.2.2 Group sizes and composition 7- 9 II.2.3 Territories and ranging behavior 9 II.2.4 Diet and hunting behavior 9- 10 II.2.5 Contact with humans 10 II.2.6
    [Show full text]
  • Anthelmintic Resistance of Ostertagia Ostertagi and Cooperia Oncophora to Macrocyclic Lactones in Cattle from the Western United States
    Veterinary Parasitology 170 (2010) 224–229 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Veterinary Parasitology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/vetpar Anthelmintic resistance of Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia oncophora to macrocyclic lactones in cattle from the western United States M.D. Edmonds, E.G. Johnson, J.D. Edmonds ∗ Johnson Research LLC, 24007 Highway 20-26, Parma, ID, 83660, USA article info abstract Article history: In June 2008, 122 yearling heifers with a history of anthelmintic resistance were obtained Received 15 October 2009 from pastures in northern California and transported to a dry lot facility in southwest- Received in revised form 28 January 2010 ern Idaho, USA. Fifty heifers with the highest fecal egg counts were selected for study Accepted 24 February 2010 enrollment. Candidates were equally randomized to treatment with either injectable iver- mectin (Ivomec®, Merial, 0.2 mg kg−1 BW), injectable moxidectin (Cydectin®, Fort Dodge, Keywords: 0.2 mg kg−1 BW), oral fenbendazole (Safe-Guard®, Intervet, 5.0 mg kg−1 BW), oral oxfenda- Anthelmintic resistance zole (Synanthic®, Fort Dodge, 4.5 mg kg−1 BW), or saline. At 14 days post-treatment, Cattle Bovine nematodes were recovered from the abomasum, small intestine, and large intestine. Par- Nematodes asitism was confirmed in the control group when 10/10 animals were infected with Efficacy adult Ostertagia ostertagi and 9/10 animals with both developing and early L4 stages of Cooperia O. ostertagi. Similarly, 9/10 animals were parasitized with adult Cooperia spp. Fenbenda- Ostertagia zole and oxfendazole efficacy verses controls were >90% against adult Cooperia spp., while moxidectin caused an 88% parasite reduction post-treatment (P < 0.05).
    [Show full text]
  • Monophyly of Clade III Nematodes Is Not Supported by Phylogenetic Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequences
    UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title Monophyly of clade III nematodes is not supported by phylogenetic analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7509r5vp Journal BMC Genomics, 12(1) ISSN 1471-2164 Authors Park, Joong-Ki Sultana, Tahera Lee, Sang-Hwa et al. Publication Date 2011-08-03 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-392 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Park et al. BMC Genomics 2011, 12:392 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/12/392 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Monophyly of clade III nematodes is not supported by phylogenetic analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences Joong-Ki Park1*, Tahera Sultana2, Sang-Hwa Lee3, Seokha Kang4, Hyong Kyu Kim5, Gi-Sik Min2, Keeseon S Eom6 and Steven A Nadler7 Abstract Background: The orders Ascaridida, Oxyurida, and Spirurida represent major components of zooparasitic nematode diversity, including many species of veterinary and medical importance. Phylum-wide nematode phylogenetic hypotheses have mainly been based on nuclear rDNA sequences, but more recently complete mitochondrial (mtDNA) gene sequences have provided another source of molecular information to evaluate relationships. Although there is much agreement between nuclear rDNA and mtDNA phylogenies, relationships among certain major clades are different. In this study we report that mtDNA sequences do not support the monophyly of Ascaridida, Oxyurida and Spirurida (clade III) in contrast to results for nuclear rDNA. Results from mtDNA genomes show promise as an additional independently evolving genome for developing phylogenetic hypotheses for nematodes, although substantially increased taxon sampling is needed for enhanced comparative value with nuclear rDNA.
    [Show full text]
  • Nematodirus Spathiger of Small Ruminants Guang-Hui Zhao1*†, Yan-Qing Jia1†, Wen-Yu Cheng1, Wen Zhao1, Qing-Qing Bian1 and Guo-Hua Liu2*
    Zhao et al. Parasites & Vectors 2014, 7:319 http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/7/1/319 RESEARCH Open Access Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Nematodirus oiratianus and Nematodirus spathiger of small ruminants Guang-Hui Zhao1*†, Yan-Qing Jia1†, Wen-Yu Cheng1, Wen Zhao1, Qing-Qing Bian1 and Guo-Hua Liu2* Abstract Background: Nematodirus spp. are among the most common nematodes of ruminants worldwide. N. oiratianus and N. spathiger are distributed worldwide as highly prevalent gastrointestinal nematodes, which cause emerging health problems and economic losses. Accurate identification of Nematodirus species is essential to develop effective control strategies for Nematodirus infection in ruminants. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) could provide powerful genetic markers for identifying these closely related species and resolving phylogenetic relationships at different taxonomic levels. Methods: In the present study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of N. oiratianus and N. spathiger from small ruminants in China were obtained using Long-range PCR and sequencing. Results: The complete mt genomes of N. oiratianus and N. spathiger were 13,765 bp and 13,519 bp in length, respectively. Both mt genomes were circular and consisted of 36 genes, including 12 genes encoding proteins, 2 genes encoding rRNA, and 22 genes encoding tRNA. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated amino acid sequence data of all 12 protein-coding genes by Bayesian inference (BI), Maximum likelihood (ML) and Maximum parsimony (MP) showed that the two Nematodirus species (Molineidae) were closely related to Dictyocaulidae. Conclusions: The availability of the complete mtDNA sequences of N. oiratianus and N. spathiger not only provides new mtDNA sources for a better understanding of nematode mt genomics and phylogeny, but also provides novel and useful genetic markers for studying diagnosis, population genetics and molecular epidemiology of Nematodirus spp.
    [Show full text]
  • The Transcriptome of Trichuris Suis – First Molecular Insights Into a Parasite with Curative Properties for Key Immune Diseases of Humans
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ResearchOnline at James Cook University The Transcriptome of Trichuris suis – First Molecular Insights into a Parasite with Curative Properties for Key Immune Diseases of Humans Cinzia Cantacessi1*, Neil D. Young1, Peter Nejsum2, Aaron R. Jex1, Bronwyn E. Campbell1, Ross S. Hall1, Stig M. Thamsborg2, Jean-Pierre Scheerlinck1,3, Robin B. Gasser1* 1 Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 2 Departments of Veterinary Disease Biology and Basic Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark, 3 Centre for Animal Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia Abstract Background: Iatrogenic infection of humans with Trichuris suis (a parasitic nematode of swine) is being evaluated or promoted as a biological, curative treatment of immune diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ulcerative colitis, in humans. Although it is understood that short-term T. suis infectioninpeoplewithsuchdiseases usually induces a modified Th2-immune response, nothing is known about the molecules in the parasite that induce this response. Methodology/Principal Findings: As a first step toward filling the gaps in our knowledge of the molecular biology of T. suis, we characterised the transcriptome of the adult stage of this nematode employing next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic techniques. A total of ,65,000,000 reads were generated and assembled into
    [Show full text]
  • Ostertagia Ostertagi: Population Dynamics Under Pasture and Confinement Conditions with Particular Reference to the Inhibition Phenomenon
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1989 Ostertagia Ostertagi: Population Dynamics Under Pasture and Confinement Conditions With Particular Reference to the Inhibition Phenomenon. Carlos Solomon Eddi Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Eddi, Carlos Solomon, "Ostertagia Ostertagi: Population Dynamics Under Pasture and Confinement Conditions With Particular Reference to the Inhibition Phenomenon." (1989). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 4712. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/4712 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo­ graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re­ produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]
  • Trichuriasis Importance Trichuriasis Is Caused by Various Species of Trichuris, Nematode Parasites Also Known As Whipworms
    Trichuriasis Importance Trichuriasis is caused by various species of Trichuris, nematode parasites also known as whipworms. Whipworms are common in the intestinal tracts of mammals, Trichocephaliasis, although their prevalence may be low in some host species or regions. Infections are Trichocephalosis, often asymptomatic; however, some individuals develop diarrhea, and more serious Whipworm Infestation effects, including dysentery, intestinal bleeding and anemia, are possible if the worm burden is high or the individual is particularly susceptible. T. trichiura is the species of whipworm normally found in humans. A few clinical cases have been attributed to Last Updated: January 2019 T. vulpis, a whipworm of canids, and T. suis, which normally infects pigs. While such zoonotic infections are generally thought uncommon, recent surveys found T. suis or T. vulpis eggs in a significant number of human fecal samples in some countries. T. suis is also being investigated in human clinical trials as a therapeutic agent for various autoimmune and allergic diseases. The rationale for its use is the correlation between an increased incidence of these conditions and reduced levels of exposure to parasites among people in developed countries. There is relatively little information about cross-species transmission of Trichuris spp. in animals. However, the eggs of T. trichiura have been detected in the feces of some pigs, dogs and cats in tropical areas with poor sanitation, raising the possibility of reverse zoonoses. One double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated T. vulpis for therapeutic use in dogs with atopic dermatitis, but no significant effects were found. Etiology Trichuriasis is caused by members of the genus Trichuris, nematode parasites in the family Trichuridae.
    [Show full text]
  • Testing the Hypothesis of Recent Population Expansions in Nematode Parasites of Human-Associated Hosts
    Heredity (2005) 94, 426–434 & 2005 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0018-067X/05 $30.00 www.nature.com/hdy Testing the hypothesis of recent population expansions in nematode parasites of human-associated hosts DA Morrison and J Ho¨glund Department of Parasitology (SWEPAR), National Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden It has been predicted that parasites of human-associated prediction. However, it is likely that the situation is more organisms (eg humans, domestic pets, farm animals, complicated than the simple hypothesis test suggests, and agricultural and silvicultural plants) are more likely to show those species that do not fit the predicted general pattern rapid recent population expansions than are parasites of provide interesting insights into other evolutionary processes other hosts. Here, we directly test the generality of this that influence the historical population genetics of host– demographic prediction for species of parasitic nematodes parasite relationships. These processes include the effects of that currently have mitochondrial sequence data available in postglacial migrations, evolutionary relationships and possi- the literature or the public-access genetic databases. Of the bly life-history characteristics. Furthermore, the analysis 23 host/parasite combinations analysed, there are seven highlights the limitations of this form of bioinformatic data- human-associated parasite species with expanding popula- mining, in comparison to controlled experimental
    [Show full text]
  • Neglected Tropical Diseases in The
    Qian et al. Infectious Diseases of Poverty (2019) 8:86 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-019-0599-4 SCOPING REVIEW Open Access Neglected tropical diseases in the People’s Republic of China: progress towards elimination Men-Bao Qian1, Jin Chen1, Robert Bergquist2, Zhong-Jie Li3, Shi-Zhu Li1, Ning Xiao1, Jürg Utzinger4,5 and Xiao-Nong Zhou1* Abstract Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, considerable progress has been made in the control and elimination of the country’s initial set of 11 neglected tropical diseases. Indeed, elimination as a public health problem has been declared for lymphatic filariasis in 2007 and for trachoma in 2015. The remaining numbers of people affected by soil-transmitted helminth infection, clonorchiasis, taeniasis, and echinococcosis in 2015 were 29.1 million, 6.0 million, 366 200, and 166 100, respectively. In 2017, after more than 60 years of uninterrupted, multifaceted schistosomiasis control, has seen the number of cases dwindling from more than 10 million to 37 600. Meanwhile, about 6000 dengue cases are reported, while the incidence of leishmaniasis, leprosy, and rabies are down at 600 or fewer per year. Sustained social and economic development, going hand-in-hand with improvement of water, sanitation, and hygiene provide the foundation for continued progress, while rigorous surveillance and specific public health responses will consolidate achievements and shape the elimination agenda. Targets for poverty elimination and strategic plans and intervention packages post-2020 are important opportunities for further control and elimination, when remaining challenges call for sustainable efforts. Keywords: Control, Elimination, People's Republic of China, Neglected tropical diseases Multilingual abstracts deprived urban settings [1, 2].
    [Show full text]
  • Nematodes of Rodents in the United States with Notes on Nematode Parasites of Rodents in Kansas
    NEMATODES OF RODENTS IN THE UNITED STATES WITH NOTES ON NEMATODE PARASITES OF RODENTS IN KANSAS by JOHN LESLIE OLSEN B. S., Colorado State University, 1962 A MASTER'S REPORT submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Zoology KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 1965 Approved by: Major Professor 11 M ' TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2 MATERIAL AND METHODS 4 RESULTS 6 Nematodes from Dipodomys ordii 6 Nematodes from Microtus ochroqaster H Nematode from Microtus pinetorum 12 Nematodes from Neotoma f loridana 13 Nematodes from Peromyscus leucopus 13 Nematodes from Peromyscus maniculatus 14 Nematodes from Rattus norveqicus 15 Nematodes from Sciurus niger 16 Nematodes from Siqmodon hispidus 18 DISCUSSION 19 SUMMARY 22 APPENDIX 24 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 32 LITERATURE CITED 33 INTRODUCTION Nematodes, or roundworms, are members of the class Nematoda, phylum Aschelminthes. These animals are found world wide as both parasitic and free living forms. They abound in individual numbers, and as different species. The body is unsegmented and spindle shaped. The digestive system consists of a mouth, esophagus, simple intestine, and anus. Parasitic nematodes of vertebrates have been found in the tissues, fluids, and body cavities of their host, showing a marked ability of adaptation. Rodents were chosen as the host animals because of their wide spread distribution, abundant numbers, and small size which facilitates ease in capturing and handling. Many of the early studies on the parasites of rodents were related to parasites of economic importance to man and domestic animals. Although helminths are usually not fatal to rodents, they reduce the host's vitality, which in turn may lessen the chance of host survival.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 11(2) 1944
    VOLUME 11 JULY, 1944 NUMBER 2 PROCEEDINGS of The Helminthological Society of Washington Supported in part by the Brayton H . Ransom Memorial Trust Fund EDITORIAL COMMITTEE JESSE R. CHRISTIE, Editor U . S . Bureau of Plant Industry, Soils, and Agricultural Engineering EMMETT W. PRICE U . S. Bureau of Animal Industry GILBERT F. OTTO Johns Hopkins University HENRY E . EWING U . S . Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine THEODOR VON BRAND The Catholic University of America Subscription $1 .00 a Volume; Foreign, $1 .25 Published by THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON VOLUME 11 JULY, 1944 NUMBER 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON The Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington is a medium for the publication of notes and papers in helminthology and related subjects . Each volume consists of 2 numbers, issued in January and July . Volume 1, num- er. The1, wasProceedings issued in are April,, intended 1934 primarily for the publication of contributions by members of the Society but papers by persons who are not members will be accepted provided the author will contribute toward the cost of publication . Manuscripts may be sent to any member of the editorial committee . Manu- scripts must be typewritten (double spaced) and submitted in finished form for transmission to the printer . Authors should not confine themselves to merely a statement of conclusions but should present a clear indication of the methods and procedures by which the conclusions were derived . Except in the case of manu- scripts specifically designated as preliminary papers to be published in extenso later, a manuscript is accepted with the understanding that it is not to be pub- lished, with essentially the same material, elsewhere .
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 4 Prevention of Trichinella Infection in the Domestic
    FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis Editors J. Dupouy-Camet & K.D. Murrell Published by: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) World Health Organization (WHO) World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, of the World Health Organization and of the World Organisation for Animal Health concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designations 'developed' and 'developing' economies are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country, territory or area in the development process. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, of the World Health Organization and of the World Organisation for Animal Health. All the publications of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) are protected by international copyright law. Extracts may be copied, reproduced, translated, adapted or published in journals, documents, books, electronic media and any other medium destined for the public, for information, educational or commercial purposes, provided prior written permission has been granted by the OIE. The views expressed in signed articles are solely the responsibility of the authors. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO, WHO or OIE in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.
    [Show full text]