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Ostertagia Ostertagi: Population Dynamics Under Pasture and Confinement Conditions with Particular Reference to the Inhibition Phenomenon

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Ostertagia Ostertagi: Population Dynamics Under Pasture and Confinement Conditions with Particular Reference to the Inhibition Phenomenon Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1989 Ostertagia Ostertagi: Population Dynamics Under Pasture and Confinement Conditions With Particular Reference to the Inhibition Phenomenon. Carlos Solomon Eddi Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Eddi, Carlos Solomon, "Ostertagia Ostertagi: Population Dynamics Under Pasture and Confinement Conditions With Particular Reference to the Inhibition Phenomenon." (1989). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 4712. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/4712 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo­ graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. 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University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9002139 Ostertagia ostertagi: Population dynamics under pasture and confinement conditions with particular reference to the inhibition phenomenon Eddi, Carlos Solomon, Ph.D. The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical Col., 1989 UMI 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 OSTERTAGIA OSTERTAGI: POPULATION DYNAMICS UNDER PASTURE AND CONFINEMENT CONDITIONS WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE INHIBITION PHENOMENON A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Medical Sciences by Carlos S. Eddi D.V.M., University of Buenos Aires, 1975 M.S., Louisiana State University, 1987 May, 1989 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation to his major professor, Dr. James C. Williams, for his guidance, support and time throughout the course of the last 3 years to fullfil successfully all the requirements for this PhD dissertation. The author also wishes to express his sincere gratitude to members of his graduate committee, professors James Miller, Theron Snider III, Tom Klei, Bonner Stewart, and Richard Corstvet for their confidence, advise and friendship. Special thanks are due to Dr. Vida Dennis for her invaluable assistance, kindness and friendship during the course of this program. Special gratitude is also due to his director and adviser in Argentina, Dr. Bernardo Carrillo. Without his permanent support and confidence, the program of study could not have been completed successfully. The author also wishes to thank The National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) for financial support to undertake graduate study. Special thanks are due to his friends, Roger Swalley, Sharon Barras, Carol ii Nicholson, Cheryl Mosley and John Fontenot for their technical help, support and kindness. The author also expresses his gratitude to his friends, Elsa Ciotti, Carlos Benitez-Usher, Kenny Marbury, Jorge Nunez, Ana Arnizaut, Fernando Gallardo, Abolghasem Baguian, and Pedro Trinidad for their permanent support, help and encouragement throughout his academic career. The author wishes to thank Dr. James Geaghan, Dr. Francisco "Tito" Vilella and Michael Kearney for their assistance with statistical analysis of the data. The author would also like to sincerely thank Ms. Lynne Brookes of Winrock International for her support, and assistance. Appreciation is also expressed to Mrs. Edda Arthur for her assistance in the preparation of the tables. Special thanks are due to the faculty and staff of the Departments of Veterinary Science and Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology of Louisiana State University. The author's final expression of gratitude is to his wife, Elisa, and his children Pedro, Felipe and Adriana. Without their love, patience and understanding, this undertaking would not have been accomplished. iii DEDICATION To my teachers of veterinary parasitology in Argentina: Drs. Roman Niec, J.J. Boero, Nicolas Gelormini, Amar S. Thakur and J.J. Lombardero. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................... ii DEDICATION ......................................... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ... V LIST OF TABLES ...... vi LIST OF FIGURES.................................... X ABSTRACT....................................... xiii LITERATURE REVIEW ............................... 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS ........................... 48 RESULTS ......................................... 72 DISCUSSION ...................................... 39 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........... 163 APPENDICES ....................................... 186 VITA ............................................. 2 03 v LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Mean worm counts (abomasum) from tracer calves (n=2) grazed each month on experimental pasture with principal calves.... 12 2 Table 2. Mean worm counts from the intestinal tract and lungs of tracer calves (n=2) grazed each month on experimental pasture with principal calves 12 3 Table 3. Total numbers of infective larvae recovered from pasture grass samples and mean total worm counts recovered from tracer calves (n=2) grazed monthly with principal calves, from March to September 1988. Actual numbers and log10 transformed values 12 4 Table 4. Pearson correlation coefficients of total numbers of infective larvae recovered from pasture grass samples and the mean total worm counts recovered from tracer calves (n=2) grazed monthly with principal calves.... 125 Table 5. Worm recovery from principal calves placed on pasture during March, April and May and maintained on pasture continuously until slaughter on June 28............... ... 126 Table 6. Worm recovery from principal calves placed on pasture during March, April and May and maintained on pasture continuously until slaughter on July 27................... 127 Table 7. Worm recovery from principal calves placed on pasture during March, April and May and maintained on pasture continuously until slaughter on August 30..... ,........... 128 Table 8. Worm recovery from principal calves placed on pasture during March, April and May and maintained on pasture continuously until slaughter on September 30.............. 12 9 vi Table 9. Worm recovery from principal calves that were grazed on pasture for 1 month in March, April, and May and then maintained in concrete-floored pens until slaughter on June 28........................ ....... 130 Table 10. Worm recovery from principal calves that were grazed on pasture for 1 month in March, April and May and then maintained in concrete-floored pens until slaughter on July 27........... .......................... 131 Table 11. Worm recovery from principal calves that were grazed on pasture for 1 month in March, April and May and then maintained in concrete-floored pens until slaughter on August 30.................................... 132 Table 12. Worm recovery from principal calves that were grazed on pasture for 1 month in March, April and May and then maintained in concrete-floored pens until slaughter on September 30................................ 133 Table 13. Mean numbers of Ostertagia ostertagi recovered at necropsy from principal calves that were grazed on pasture continuously or grazed for l month and then kept in pens.... 134 Table 14. Mean percentage of Ostertagia ostertagi inhibited early 4th stage larvae recovered at necropsy from principal calves that were grazed on pasture continuously or grazed for 1 month and then kept in pens.... 135 Table 15. Mean gross pathology score* of abomasal mucosa from principal calves killed monthly............................... 136 Table 16. Mean total numbers of all worm genera (TNW) recovered at necropsy from principal calves which grazed on pasture continuously or grazed for 1 month and then kept in pens...........................
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