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'Introspectionism' and the Mythical Origins of Scientific Psychology
Consciousness and Cognition Consciousness and Cognition 15 (2006) 634–654 www.elsevier.com/locate/concog ‘Introspectionism’ and the mythical origins of scientific psychology Alan Costall Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Hampshire PO1 2DY, UK Received 1 May 2006 Abstract According to the majority of the textbooks, the history of modern, scientific psychology can be tidily encapsulated in the following three stages. Scientific psychology began with a commitment to the study of mind, but based on the method of introspection. Watson rejected introspectionism as both unreliable and effete, and redefined psychology, instead, as the science of behaviour. The cognitive revolution, in turn, replaced the mind as the subject of study, and rejected both behaviourism and a reliance on introspection. This paper argues that all three stages of this history are largely mythical. Introspectionism was never a dominant movement within modern psychology, and the method of introspection never went away. Furthermore, this version of psychology’s history obscures some deep conceptual problems, not least surrounding the modern conception of ‘‘behaviour,’’ that continues to make the scientific study of consciousness seem so weird. Ó 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Introspection; Introspectionism; Behaviourism; Dualism; Watson; Wundt 1. Introduction Probably the most immediate result of the acceptance of the behaviorist’s view will be the elimination of self-observation and of the introspective reports resulting from such a method. (Watson, 1913b, p. 428). The problem of consciousness occupies an analogous position for cognitive psychology as the prob- lem of language behavior does for behaviorism, namely, an unsolved anomaly within the domain of an approach. -
Viscog Productions, Inc. | [email protected]
VisCog Productions, Inc. www.viscog.com | [email protected] The Inattentional Blindness Collection VisCog Productions, Inc. www.viscog.com | [email protected] The Inattentional Blindness Collection This collection of videos, created by Professor Daniel Simons and his students, allows presenters to induce a striking failure of awareness known as inattentional blindness: When people focus attention on one thing, they often failure to notice unexpected objects, even a person in a gorilla suit. This collection includes the “invisible gorilla” selective attention test and many others. It is the only collection that includes the 2010 Monkey Business Illusion. All of the videos are stand-alone files that can be incorporated into your lectures and presentations. VisCog Productions, Inc. www.viscog.com | [email protected] Copyright The contents of this collection are copyrighted. The videos may be used for in-person presentations. All other rights are reserved. No resale VisCog Productions is the exclusive distributor for the videos in this collection, and they may not be re-sold or incorporated into other products. No broadcast or posting The videos may not be broadcast, posted online, distributed, included in other products, re-posted, uploaded to any server, or streamed online. If your presentation is recorded for distribution, the recording may not include the videos. Licensee only Only the licensee who purchased this collection may show these videos — they may not be provided to other users. If you are interested in a multiple-user license or a site license for your organization, please email us: [email protected]. VisCog Productions, Inc. www.viscog.com | [email protected] Contents and Instructions The Inattentional Blindness Collection includes 32 demonstration videos and 1 bonus video. -
Western Pennsylvania Undergraduate Psychology Conferences
Western Pennsylvania Undergraduate Psychology Conferences 1973 - 2011 Host College - Alliance College 1973 st 1 Annual Keynote Speaker - F. A. Geldard “Sensory Saltation” Presenters: Allegheny College: Kathleen A. Spencer Judith Warner Dennis Blair Dorothy Renich Helen Reed Donald Carlson Jeffrey D. Cross Betty A. Vermeire Robert Drust Mark Ingwer Linda Hochuli Alliance College: Susan L. Hanas Jay Bannister Edinboro State College: Otto Lukert Jim Lochner Donald Herman Kenneth Ersbak Greg Walters Janice Savko Findley College: Raymond J. Smiseck Gannon College: Samuel J. Harakal Byron E. Hillin Indiana Univ. of PA: Jamie Bentley Chris Chorpenning Lou Conte Jim Onoran Frank Knapp Kent State University: Joseph P. Vincenzo Kenton College: David R. Gould Andrew M. Bourland Malone College; Darrell Warner Cynthia Hershberger Manhattan College: Anne Cahill Mansfield State College: Karen Brungard Pace University: Liz Zelinski Anne Majewski Michael Travis Stephen Salbod Pat Dockery Seton Hill College: Martha Simoneau Nancy Martin Carol Jarosz Slippery Rock State Col: E. Schleiden A. Falcioni Host College - Allegheny College Keynote Speaker - Dr. Michael Grazzaniga "One Brain, Two Minds" 1974 nd 2 Annual Presenters Adelphi University: Sheila Epstein Lisa Kimmel 2n d Annual Allegheny College: Beth Gilbert Emily Cleveland Carol Gebhardt Jan Cobb Kathie Spencer David Green Judith Bubacz Dennis Blair April Fallon Harry Frechette Betty Vermeire Cheri Geckler Jack Blackhurst Stacy Williams Peter Hickman Mark Russell Baldwin Wallace: Anthony Petruccelli Chatham College: Pamela Fabish C. Obermesser Maureen McHugh Kathie Olsen Heather Roberb Cleveland State University: Charles Baatz Miron Melon Drexel University: John McNichol Helen Rimkus Edinboro University of Pennsylvania: William Pithers Findley College: Neal Ryder Glassboro State University: Benjamin Weinstein Dori Berstressar Hiram College: C. -
SOHASKY-DISSERTATION-2017.Pdf (2.074Mb)
DIFFERENTIAL MINDS: MASS INTELLIGENCE TESTING AND RACE SCIENCE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY by Kate E. Sohasky A dissertation submitted to the Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Baltimore, Maryland May 9, 2017 © Kate E. Sohasky All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Historians have argued that race science and eugenics retreated following their discrediting in the wake of the Second World War. Yet if race science and eugenics disappeared, how does one explain their sudden and unexpected reemergence in the form of the neohereditarian work of Arthur Jensen, Richard Herrnstein, and Charles Murray? This dissertation argues that race science and eugenics did not retreat following their discrediting. Rather, race science and eugenics adapted to changing political and social climes, at times entering into states of latency, throughout the twentieth century. The transnational history of mass intelligence testing in the twentieth century demonstrates the longevity of race science and eugenics long after their discrediting. Indeed, the tropes of race science and eugenics persist today in the modern I.Q. controversy, as the dissertation shows. By examining the history of mass intelligence testing in multiple nations, this dissertation presents narrative of the continuity of race science and eugenics throughout the twentieth century. Dissertation Committee: Advisors: Angus Burgin and Ronald G. Walters Readers: Louis Galambos, Nathaniel Comfort, and Adam Sheingate Alternates: François Furstenberg -
Women Psychologists and Gender Politics During World War II
Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 42. No. I, 1986, pp. 157-180 “We would not take no for an answer”: Women Psychologists and Gender Politics During World War I1 James H. Capshew and Alejandra C. Laszlo University of Pennsylvania This essay explores the complex relationship among gender, professionalization, and ideology that developed as psychologists mobilized for World War It. Upon being excluded from mobilization plans by the male leaders of the profession, women psychologists organized the National Council of Women Psychologists to advance their interests. But while their male colleagues enjoyed new employment opportunities in the military services and government agencies, the women were confined largely to volunteer activities in their local communities. Although women psychologists succeeded in gaining representation on wartime commit- tees and in drawing attention to their professional problems, they were unable to change the status quo in psychology. Situated in a cultural milieu ihat stressed the masculine nature of science, women psychologists were hampered by their own acceptance of a professional ideology of meritocratic reward, and remained ambivalent about their feminist activities. Throughout the 20th century women have increasingly challenged the as- sumption that they are neither interested in nor qualified for scientific careers. It is also true that as women successfully breached this overwhelmingly male bastion, a growing body of biological, social, and cultural arguments were advanced to rationalize their usually restricted scientific role. This was especially evident during the Second World War, as social and economic forces strained existing professional relationships. Permission to quote from unpublished materials has been granted by Alice I. Bryan, Carnegie- Mellon University Libraries, Harvard University Archives, Stanford University Archives, and Yale University Library. -
Looksmart's Findarticles - Journal of Social Issues: Gordon Willard All
LookSmart's FindArticles - Journal of Social Issues: Gordon Willard All... http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0341/is_3_55/ai_58549253/... FindArticles > Journal of Social Issues > Fall, 1999 > Article > Print friendly Gordon Willard Allport: A Tribute Thomas F. Pettigrew Thomas F. Pettigrew [*] In tribute to Gordon Allport, this article discusses four interrelated topics. First, Allport's life at Harvard is briefly described. Next three interwoven features of his work are advanced to explain why his contributions to psychology are both unique and lasting. (1) His work offered a broadly eclectic balance of the many sides of psychology. (2) He repeatedly demonstrated the ability to formulate the discipline's central problems for the future and to propose innovative approaches to them. And (3) Allport's entire scholarly work presents a consistent, seamless and forceful perspective. These three points are then applied to his classic work The Nature of Prejudice. Though it was his most explicit attempt to influence public opinion, this famous volume also is balanced, ahead of its time, and elegantly written. It has organized the study of prejudice over the last half century. The article concludes with an explanation in personal terms for why those who knew him remember him so warmly 30 long years after h is death. With this issue, we honor the centennial of a great psychologist and a fine human being. As a doctoral student and colleague of Gordon Allport, I am pleased to provide my personal reflections on his life and work. This article discusses four interrelated topics. First, Allport's life at Harvard is sketched. -
Bibliographic Annual in Speech Communication 1973
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 088 129 CS 500 620 AUTHOR Kennicott, Patrick C., Ed. TITLE Bibliographic Annual in Speech Communication 1573. INSTITUTION Speech Communication Association, New York, N.Y. PUB DATE 74 NOTE 267p. AVAILABLE FROM Speech. Communication Association, Statler Hiltcn Hotel, New York, N. Y. 10001 ($8.00). EDRS PRICE MF-$0.75 HC-$12.60 DESCRIPTORS *Behavioral Science Research; *Bibliographies; *Communication Skills; Doctoral Theses; Literature Reviews; Mass Media; Masters Theses; Public Speaking; Research Reviews (Publications); Rhetoric; *Speech Skills; *Theater Arts IDENTIFIERS Mass Communication; Stagecraft ABSTRACT This volume contains five subject bibliographies for 1972, and two lists of these and dissertations. The bibliographies are "Studies in Mass Communication," "Behavioral Studies in Communication," "Rhetoric and Public Address," "Oral Interpretation," and "Theatrical Craftsmanship." Abstracts of many of the doctcral disertations produced in 1972 in speech communication are arranged by subject. ALso included in a listing by university of titles and authors of all reported masters theses and doctoral dissertaticns completed in 1972 in the field. (CH) U S Ol l'AerVE NT OF MEAL.TH r DUCA ICON R ,Stl. I, AWE NILIONAt. INST I IUI EOF E DOCA I ION BIBLIOGRAPHIC ANNUAL CO IN CD SPEECH COMMUNICATION 1973 STUDIES IN MASS COMMUNICATION: A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY, 1972 Rolland C. Johnson BEHAVIORAL STUDIES IN COMMUNICATION, 1972 A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Thomas M. Steinfatt A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RHETORIC AND PUBLIC ADDRESS, 1972 Harold Mixon BIBLIOGRAPHY OF STUDIES IN ORAL INTERPRETATION, 1972 James W. Carlsen A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THEATRICAL CRAFTSMANSHIP, 1972. r Christian Moe and Jay E. Raphael ABSTRACTS OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS IN THE FIELD OF SPEECH COMMUNICATION, 1972. -
CURRICULUM VITAE Lester C. Loschky
CURRICULUM VITAE Lester C. Loschky 8/27/12 Office address: Home address: Department of Psychology 1933 Bluestem Terrace 471 Bluemont Hall Manhattan, KS 66502 Kansas State University Phone: (785) 539-3411 Manhattan, KS 66056-5302 Phone: 785-532-6882 http://www.ksu.edu/psych/research_loschky. E-mail: [email protected] htm http://www.ksu.edu/psych/vcl/index.html EDUCATION 2003 PhD, Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL Thesis: Investigating perception and eye movement control in natural scenes using gaze-contingent multi-resolutional displays. 1989 MA, English as a Second Language, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI Thesis: The effects of premodified input and negotiated interaction on second language comprehension and retention. 1986 BFA, Fine Arts, Columbia College, Columbia, MO AWARDS 2003 American Psychological Association (Division 3) New Investigator Award for Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 2002 Vision Sciences Society, Graduate Student First Author Travel Fund Award 1995 William Chandler Bagley Scholar, College of Education, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign 1990 Harry Whitten Prize for Scholarly Excellence (for best graduate research), Department of English as a Second Language, University of Hawaii at Manoa RESEARCH INTERESTS Broad: mind & brain, cognition, perception, memory, machine vision, human-computer interaction Specific: Scene Perception: scene gist acquisition, attention and eye guidance in scenes, eye movements and scene memory, resolution across the visual field Gaze-contingent Multi-Resolutional Displays: human factors of resolution drop-off functions and update delays, interaction between resolution levels and attention TEACHING INTERESTS Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Science, Perception, Neuropsychology, Human Factors, Human- computer interaction, Introductory Psychology, Research Methods and Statistics Lester C. -
The Psychologist Volume 39, Nos
Fall_2004 Volume_39 Numbers_1-4 The Psychologist A publication of the Society for General Psychology Division ONE of the American Psychological Association TABLE OF CONTENTS APA Committee on Animal Research and Experimentation (Nancy Dess)………………….……..18 1. DIVISIONAL NEWS International Adventures in Psychology (Frances M. Culbertson)………………………………..20 Editorial (Harold Takooshian, Richard Velayo)……………....2 Celebrating 75 years of excellence Division Officers and chairs…………………………………….3 (Takooshian, Salovey, Denmark) ………………….….21 Minutes: August 2003 China, August 2004 (Nancy F. Russo) ……………………..22 (Michael Wertheimer)……………………………………..3 Membership Application …………………………….............23 Minutes: August 2004 (Michael Wertheimer)………………...6 APA Council report: February 2004 (Michael Wertheimer) …………………………………….8 Editorial APA Council report: August 2004 The adage tells us (Michael Wertheimer)……………………………………10 “No one is irreplaceable.” True? Historian’s Report 2004 (Donald Dewsbury)………………..12 Not always. After Fellows Committee Report many years as the (Harold Takooshian) …………………………………….12 Editor of The General Psychologist, Alan Boneau in 2003 made good on his 2. ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR MEMBERS years-long warning that the Society must find a new TGP Editor. Since Alan’s last issue in Fall 2003, the Call for Award Nomination for 2005 Society has been without its Newsletter to (Nancy F. Russo)………………………………………...12 communicate news to its thousands of members. One-by-one, two colleagues kindly volunteered to edit Call for Fellow Nominations for 2005 TGP, but then each had to withdraw before producing (Harold Takooshian)……………………………………..13 an issue. In view of the two-fold importance of the activities of our Society, and the need for its Call for Programs 2005 (Richard Meegan)………………….14 Newsletter, we two asked the Society’s Executive 2005 APA apportionment ballots (Sarah Jordan) ………….14 Committee if we could edit this Fall 2004 special issue of TGP, to publish the year’s accumulated news and New APA division on Human-Animal Studies announcements. -
Predictors Discriminating Morality from Legality :: Moral Responsibility's Bottom Line. Kathleen M
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 1994 Predictors discriminating morality from legality :: moral responsibility's bottom line. Kathleen M. Shanahan University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Shanahan, Kathleen M., "Predictors discriminating morality from legality :: moral responsibility's bottom line." (1994). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 2258. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/2258 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PREDICTORS DISCRIMINATING MORALITY FROM LEGALITY: MORAL RESPONSIBILITY'S BOTTOM LINE A Thesis Presented by KATHLEEN M. SHANAHAN Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE February 1994 Department of Psychology PREDICTORS DISCRIMINATING MORALITY FROM LEGALITY: MORAL RESPONSIBILITY'S BOTTOM LINE. A Thesis Presented by KATHLEEN M. SHANAHAN Approved as to style and content by: Marian L. Ma6Bdhald,X^Ijair Ronnie J(a^^l(^f-Bulman, Member ^^^nold D. Well, Member ^^Wt^s E. Clifton, 6epar)ment Head - Department of Psychology ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my committee chair and advisor, Marian MacDonald, for her support and guidance from the inception to the completion of this study. Her passion for research is contagious, and she has encouraged me to believe that I, too, might be a scientist-practitioner. I am also grateful to my committee members, Ronnie Janoff-Bulman, Sally Powers, and Arnie Well. -
Book Reviews
Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 42(3), 279–280 Summer 2006 Published online in Wiley Interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002 /jhbs.20173 © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. BOOK REVIEWS D. Brett King and Michael Wertheimer. Max Wertheimer and Gestalt Theory. New Brunswick, NJ, and London: Transaction Publishers, 2005. 438 pp. $49.95. ISBN: 0- 7658-0258-9. To review this long-awaited volume is a delicate task. Full disclosure up front: I have known and liked Michael Wertheimer for more than 30 years, since I first began my own work on the history of Gestalt theory. I was privileged to work with the Max Wertheimer papers in the mid-1970s, when they were still stored in Michael Wertheimer’s home in Boulder, Colorado. At that time, Michael Wertheimer already planned to write a biography of his father. The finished book, written with the help of D. Brett King, can only be called a labor of love. This is a fascinating, comprehensive, generally well-written, and, above all, warm- hearted volume. The authors make every effort to give both the person and his creation their due. As might be expected, Wertheimer’s family life gets detailed attention. The authors make judicious use of an extended interview with Max Wertheimer’s former wife and Michael Wertheimer’s mother, Anni Wertheimer Hornbostel, and other family documents, including a newspaper “published” by the Wertheimer children. And Michael Wertheimer contributes his own memories of his father, helping to make him come alive on the page. Max Wertheimer’s -
History of Psychology
The Psych 101 Series James C. Kaufman, PhD, Series Editor Department of Educational Psychology University of Connecticut David C. Devonis, PhD, received his doctorate in the history of psychology from the University of New Hampshire’s erstwhile pro- gram in that subject in 1989 with a thesis on the history of conscious pleasure in modern American psychology. Since then he has taught vir- tually every course in the psychology curriculum in his academic odys- sey from the University of Redlands in Redlands, California, and the now-closed Teikyo Marycrest University (formerly Marycrest College in Davenport, Iowa) to—for the past 17 years—Graceland University in Lamoni, Iowa, alma mater of Bruce Jenner and, more famously for the history of psychology, of Noble H. Kelly (1901–1997), eminent con- tributor to psychology’s infrastructure through his many years of ser- vice to the American Board of Examiners in Professional Psychology. Dr. Devonis has been a member of Cheiron: The International Society for the History of Behavioral and Social Sciences since 1990, a con- tributor to many of its activities, and its treasurer for the past 10 years. Currently he is on the editorial board of the American Psychological Association journal History of Psychology and is, with Wade Pickren, coeditor and compiler of the online bibliography History of Psychology in the Oxford Bibliographies Online series. History of Psychology 101 David C. Devonis, PhD Copyright © 2014 Springer Publishing Company, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or trans- mitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Springer Publishing Company, LLC, or authorization through payment of the appropriate fees to the Copyright Clearance Cen- ter, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600, [email protected] or on the Web at www.copyright.com.