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RANGELAND COVER TYPES of the United States RANGELAND COVER TYPES of the United States Thomas N. Shiflet, Editor Society for Range Management 1994 Rangeland Cover Types of the United States Thomas N. Shiflet, Editor Society for Range Management 1839 York Street Denver, Colorado 80206 1994 COVER SKETCH: The Society for Range Management extends its appreciation to Bridgett S. Crane for her original sketch specifically designed for the cover of Rangeland Cover Types of the United States. Copyright © 1994, by the Society for Range Management All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who wishes to quote brief passages in connection with a review for the public press. First Edition ISBN l-884930-01-8 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 94-065345 Printed in the United States of America ll CONTENTS Acknowledgements............................................................................................................................ nI Preface................................................................................................................................................ IX Introduction........................................................................................................................................ XI Definition of Rangeland Cover Type............................................................................................ x1 Criteria for Recognition of Types . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. x1 Cover Type Nomenclature . x1 Plant Names . x1 Numbering System........................................................................................................................ xn Relation to Other Classifications . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. xn Arrangement of Cover Type Descriptions . xn Regional Coordinators . x Pacific Northwest Cover Types......................................................................................................... 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................... 1 Bluebunch Wheatgrass (101)........................................................................................................ 1 Idaho Fescue (102)........................................................................................................................ 2 Green Fescue (103) ....................................................................................................................... 4 Antelope Bitterbrush-Bluebunch Wheatgrass (104) .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. 4 Antelope Bitterbrush-Idaho Fescue (105)..................................................................................... 5 Bluegrass Scabland (106) ............................................................................................................. 6 Western Juniper-Big Sagebrush-Bluebunch Wheatgrass (107) .................................................... 6 Alpine Idaho Fescue (108)............................................................................................................ 7 Ponderosa Pine Shrub lands and Grasslands . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7 Ponderosa Pine - Shrubland (109) ................................................................................................ 8 Ponderosa Pine - Grassland (110) ................................................................................................. 8 Pacific Southwest Cover Types . .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. 1O Introduction................................................................................................................................... 10 Blue Oak Woodland (201) ............................................................................................................ 11 Coast Live Oak Woodland (202) .......................................................................... ........................ 12 Riparian Woodland (203).............................................................................................................. 13 North Coastal Shrub (204) ............................................................................................................ 14 Coastal Sage Shrub (205)................................. ............................................................................. 15 Chamise Chaparral (206) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 Scrub Oak Mixed Chaparral (207) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17 Ceanothus Mixed Chaparral (208)....... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. 18 Montane Shrubland (209) ............................................................................................................. 18 Bitterbrush (210) ............................................................................................... :........................... 19 Creosote Bush Scrub (211) ........................................................................................................... 20 Blackbush (212) ............................................................................................................................ 21 Alpine Grassland (213) ................................................................................................................. 22 Coastal Prairie (214) ..................................................................................................................... 23 Valley Grassland (215).................................................................................................................. 24 Montane Meadows (216) .............................................................................................................. 25 iii Wetlands (217) .............................................................................................................................. 25 Northern Rocky Mountains Cover Types .......................................................................................... 27 Introduction................................................................................................................................... 27 Bluebunch Wheatgrass - Blue Grama (301) ................................................................................. 27 Bluebunch Wheatgrass - Sandberg Bluegrass (302) ..................................................................... 27 Bluebunch Wheatgrass - Western Wheatgrass (303) .................................................................... 28 Idaho Fescue - Bluebunch Wheatgrass (304) . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. 28 Idaho Fescue - Richardson Needlegrass (305).............................................................................. 29 Idaho Fescue - Slender Wheatgrass (306) . .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. 29 Idaho Fescue - Threadleaf Sedge (307) ........................................................................................ 30 Idaho Fescue - Tufted Hairgrass (308)........................ ................................................................ .. 30 Idaho Fescue - Western Wheatgrass (309).................................................................................... 30 Needle-and-thread - Blue Grama (310) ........................................................................................ 31 Rough Fescue - Bluebunch Wheat grass (311) .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... 31 Rough Fescue - Idaho Fescue (312).............................................................................................. 32 Tufted Hairgrass - Sedge (313)..................................................................................................... 32 Big Sagebrush - Bluebunch Wheatgrass (314) ............................................................................. 32 Big Sagebrush - Idaho Fescue (315)............................................................................................. 33 Big Sagebrush - Rough Fescue (316) .. .. ... .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. ... .. .... .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. ... .. .. .. 34 Bitterbrush - Bluebunch Wheatgrass (317)................................................................................... 34 Bitterbrush - Idaho Fescue (318) .................................................................................................. 35 Bitterbrush - Rough Fescue (319)...... .. ... ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. 35 Black Sagebrush - Bluebunch Wheatgrass (320).......................................................................... 36 Black Sagebrush - Idaho Fescue (321) ......................................................................................... 37 Curlleaf Mountain-Mahogany - Bluebunch Wheatgrass (322) .................................................... 37 Shrubby Cinquefoil - Rough Fescue (323) ..................................................................................
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