1/30/19 1:32 PM WINTER 2019, VOLUME 111, NUMBER 2

HONG KONG CAMPUS … CHICAGO IN PRINT … LEGAL LIGHT … SOCIAL PSYCH … RETIREMENT BLUES … FREE SPEECH LAW WINTER 2019 1/3/19 1:43 PM your mind will. mind your wandering here, When you’re not you’re When KIAWAH GETS YOU GETS KIAWAH kiawahisland.com | 866.312.1791 Obtain the Property Report required by Federal Lawand read it before signing anything.offeran Nosellsolicitationto Federalnor a or Stateofferof agency buyrealto estate hasjurisdictionanyin endorsed or judgedwhere prohibited the meritsThislaw. offerby State the with registered made ofis is project value,pursuant This sponsor. if the the of from State any, Newto obtained thisYork be Department HO16-0007) may documents property. No. related application (File CPS-7 and The (CPS-7). Interest Law’s Cooperative Minimis of De Simplified This a Associations with is not intended Procedure to be for Homeowners ofNew Jersey Department ofBanking and Insurance Real Estate Commission. Obtain and read the NJPublic Offering Statement before signing anything (NJ Reg#16-15-0012). An affiliate of Kiawah Partners. UCH_Winter2019 cover and spine_v5.indd 2 190201_Kiawah_Chicago.indd 1 GRAND OPENING CELEBRATION THE KELLER CENTER May 3, 2019

Join us in building the future of public policy at UChicago.

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Peer Review Opener_v4.indd 53 1/28/19 3:17 PM EDITORˆS NOTES

VOLUME 111, NUMBER 2, WINTER 2019 POSTCARD FROM

EDITOR Laura Demanski, AM’94 SENIOR EDITOR Mary Ruth Yoe HONG KONG ASSOCIATE EDITOR Susie Allen, AB’09 MANAGING EDITOR Rhonda L. Smith ART DIRECTOR Guido Mendez BY LAURA DEMANSKI, AM’94 ALUMNI NEWS EDITOR Andrew Peart, AM’16, PHD’18 COPY EDITOR Sam Edsill GRAPHIC DESIGNER Laura Lorenz CONTRIBUTING EDITORS John Easton, AM’77; Carrie Golus, AB’91, AM’93; Brooke E. O’Neill, hen the University officially snipped the ribbon and AM’04; Amy Braverman Puma opened its new base in Hong Kong last November, Mag- Editorial Office The University of Chicago azine associate editor Susie Allen, AB’09, was there. You Magazine, 5235 South Harper Court, can read her report from The Hong Kong Jockey Club Suite 500, Chicago, IL 60615 University of Chicago Academic Complex | The University TELEPHONE 773.702.2163; FAX 773.702.8836 EMAIL [email protected] of Chicago Francis and Rose Yuen Campus in Hong Kong The University of Chicago Alumni Association in “A View from the Tree House of Knowledge” (page 34). has its offices at 5235 South Harper Court, 7th Floor, Chicago, IL 60615 Susie’s assignment was an introduction—not just to TELEPHONE 773.702.2150 FAX 773.702.2166. the new site, but to Hong Kong and Asia too. After several days in- ADDRESS CHANGES 800.955.0065 or Wtensely on-task as a reporter, she had a few hours to roam the city [email protected] WEB mag.uchicago.edu freely, and found herself aided by one especially hospitable alumnus. She returned to Chicago with the story, and some traveler’s notes. The University of Chicago Magazine (ISSN-0041-9508) is published quarterly (Fall, “On December 2,” Susie writes, “with the pomp of the grand open- Winter, Spring, Summer) by the University ing celebration dying down, I found myself chatting with Sam Wong, of Chicago in cooperation with the Alumni Association, 5235 South Harper Court, 7th AB’82, who’d come from nearby Kowloon to scope out the new cam- Floor, Chicago, IL 60615, and sent to all pus. I mentioned I had a little down time before dinner. University of Chicago alumni. Published continuously since 1907. Periodicals postage “‘You should take the Star Ferry,’ he said. Not a question, not a sug- paid at Chicago and additional mailing gestion. The Star Ferry, which crisscrosses Victoria Harbour between offices. POSTMASTER Send address changes to Hong Kong Island and Kowloon, pops up on several must-do lists. The University of Chicago Magazine, Alumni Records, 5235 South Harper Court, Chicago, The 10-minute trip is both a tourist favorite and an everyday mode of IL 60615. © 2019 University of Chicago transit for Hong Kongers. Sure, I thought, why not. “Sam was headed in the same direction as the ferry terminal and Advertising Contact uchicago-magazine @uchicago.edu or visit mag.uchicago.edu/ offered to walk me there. On the way he called out landmarks and advertising. The Magazine is a member of the told me stories. (Angelina Jolie’s character jumps from that building Ivy League Magazine Network, whose clients include other colleges and universities. These in Lara Croft: Tomb Raider!) When I asked about the convivial groups advertisements help the Magazine continue to of women chatting and relaxing in the streets, using cardboard boxes deliver news of the University of Chicago and its alumni to readers. Please contact the editor as picnic blankets, Sam explained that today, Sunday, was Hong Kong with any questions. domestic workers’ day off. IVY LEAGUE MAGAZINE NETWORK “As we approached the turnstiles to board the ferry, I realized I hadn’t Heather Wedlake, Director of Operations TELEPHONE 617.319.0995 WEB ivymags.com reloaded my transit card. Sam stepped in, swiped his own card, and sent EMAIL [email protected] me off with a wave. Very suddenly, still in business attire much too warm The University does not discriminate on for the weather, and embarrassingly sweaty, I was sitting on the ferry. the basis of race, color, religion, sex, sexual The sun was just beginning to set, and the downtown skyline was aglow. orientation, gender identity, national or ethnic origin, age, status as an individual with a “For the first time since arriving, I wasn’t worrying if my digital re- disability, protected veteran status, genetic corder was working (a perennial anxiety!). I just saw the city, a marvel information, or other protected classes under of futuristic architecture and natural beauty. I thought, This is the best the law. For additional information, please see equalopportunity.uchicago.edu. three Hong Kong dollars—about 40 cents—I’ve ever spent. Then I re- membered I hadn’t spent it at all. Thank you, Sam, for the ride.” We hope you’ll enjoy Susie’s report from the University’s new global outpost, and the fresh scholarly perspectives it’s already be-

©istock.com/blindspot ginning to nurture. ◆

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 1

UCM_Ednotes_Winter19_v1.indd 1 1/30/19 5:25 PM Vol. 111 / No. 2 WINTER 2019 mag.uchicago.edu Photography by Anne Ryan (this page); Soaring Badger Productions (cover)

Wonderland When life hands you winter, make your own fun—like our friend above, whose good cheer endures even the coldest temperatures. Unassuming in appearance, this distinguished scholar holds an SB degree from the University. (That’s snowman baccalaureus.) On the cover: A drone’s-eye view of the frozen quadrangles, with an icy Botany Pond on the upper right. For more wintry scenes, see mag.uchicago.edu/aerials.

TOC_v3.indd 2 1/29/19 4:20 PM 1 Editor’s Notes 6 Letters 11 On the Agenda

Features

Marketplace of ideas Constitutional scholars Geoffrey R. Stone, JD’71, and David A. Strauss 26 discuss free speech law at 100.

101 citations By Laura Demanski, AM’94 28 A new book looks at the history of Chicago through the lens of print.

The view from the tree house of knowledge By Susie Allen, AB’09 34 With the opening of a campus in Hong Kong, the University begins a new era of intellectual partnership.

Legal light By Jason Kelly Soia Mentschikoff (1915–1984) reformed how the United States does 42 business and led the way for later generations of women in law.

Goal digger By Susie Allen, AB’09 Want to exercise more, save money, and eat healthier? Ayelet Fishbach’s 44 research can help. Photography by Anne Ryan (this page); Soaring Badger Productions (cover) When what you do is no longer who you are 50 By Susie Allen, AB’09 Retirement doesn’t always live up to the blissful media image.

13 53 UChicago Journal Peer Review Research and What alumni are news in brief thinking and doing

TOC_v3.indd 3 1/29/19 4:20 PM EVERY DECADE DEGREE MOMENT COUNTS

By any measure, every gift today makes a difference.

UChicago graduates spanning a century givingday.uchicago.edu/count

ANG_19_Giving Day Magazine Ad v18.indd All Pages 1/30/19 2:12 PM UCH_Giving Day AD.indd 4 1/30/19 5:26 PM EVERY DECADE DEGREE MOMENT COUNTS

By any measure, every gift today makes a difference.

UChicago graduates spanning a century givingday.uchicago.edu/count

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The University of Chicago Magazine welcomes letters about its contents or about the life of the University. Letters for publication must be signed and may be edited for space, clarity, and ci- vility. To provide a range of views and voices, we encourage letter writers to limit themselves LETTERS to 300 words or fewer. Write: Editor, The University of Chicago Magazine, 5235 South Harper Court, Suite 500, Chicago, IL 60615. Or email: [email protected].

Questions of travel day (he of the Holliday model of DNA I have greatly I found “Nine Weeks in Dakar” (the recombination), who was also work- Core, Summer/18) remarkably rich ing on methylation as an attack tac- regretted that since and moving. I commend Carrie Golus, tic against cancer. This may be naive, our meeting at AB’91, AM’93, for concisely capturing but who knows. God bless, and again, such a beautiful level of detail about thanks much. Chicago years ago, we the students’ lives in Dakar, the staff’s Andrew Tempelman, AM’66, PhD’72 have never been able knowledge and sense of purpose, and NASHUA, NEW HAMPSHIRE Seeking great leaders. the transformative education provided to get again together. by the College through this program. Your work interests I, too, felt transformed by the end of Warmly received the article, having gained new insights Awesome! Incredible! Well-done! me very much, and into Senegalese culture, the history of Your whole staff should be congrat- I am heartily in colonialism in Africa (with revealing ulated on the excellent new visual side glances at voluntourism, research design of the Magazine. I’ve been sympathy with you. bias, museum curation, and the slave reading magazines and newspapers trade), and a reminder of what it feels for roughly 45 years, and yours is the Hale invites Tesla to a conference in like to be an undergraduate unmoored. only “redesign” I’ve ever seen that Williams Bay, Wisconsin, that summer, Thank you. successfully improved on the previous asking, “Are there any objects which Catherine L. Skeen, AB’91, version. Your new typeface is indeed you would especially like to examine AM’02, PhD’03 more readable, and the color combi- with the 40-inch telescope?” and add- NARBERTH, PENNSYLVANIA nations are very appealing and pre- ing, “It is expected that entertainment sent both great framing and contrast. will be provided for the visiting astrono- It seems clear to me that you actually mers and physicists in the various pleas- did some research and/or testing here, ant summer homes on the shores of the and the result makes me proud to be a lake. While definite arrangements have Chicago alumnus. not yet been made, I think I can safely Ken Wenzler, MBA’99 promise that this will be one of the most BROOKFIELD, WISCONSIN agreeable features of the occasion.” Citing a bout with the grippe, Tesla The Harvard Advanced Leadership Initiative off ers a calendar year of declined the invitation. In fact, he was Hale-fellow-well-met planning on embarking on his most rigorous education and refl ection for highly accomplished leaders in business, I noticed Daniel R. Campion’s (AB’70) successful series of worldwide wire- government, law, medicine, and other sectors who are transitioning from their Fall/18 letter wishing for the University less experiments, which he conducted to maintain its ties to Yerkes Observa- the following year in Colorado Springs, primary careers to their next years of service. Led by award-winning faculty tory. By coincidence, I am working on a Colorado, and thus was incredibly sequel to my book Wizard: The Life and busy, but, in retrospect, Tesla had sec- members from across Harvard, the program aims to deploy a new leadership Times of Nikola Tesla; Biography of a ond thoughts. A decade later he wrote force tackling the world’s most challenging social and environmental problems. Attacking cancer Genius (Citadel Press, 2016), with a sec- to Hale: “I have greatly regretted that Praise God for Gajewski, Hubbell, tion on the inventor’s friendship with since our meeting at Chicago years ago, Luke, Swartz, and all involved in the George E. Hale, the astronomer most we have never been able to get again new immuno-targeting of cancer responsible for creating the giant tele- together. Your work interests me very (“Plans of Attack,” Fall/18). Please scope and observatory. They most likely much, and I am heartily in sympathy pass on to them my urging, if they have first met at the 1893 World’s Columbian with you. Please do not fail, the next not thought of this, to try any methyl Exposition, where Hale presented his time you come to New York, to call on Royaltystockphoto bullet they can think of to fire at their great telescope and Tesla, with George me and give me an opportunity to ex- matrix targets to smother cancer cells Westinghouse, created the means to change a few ideas with you.” be inspired at with methyl groups. I’ll speak also for light the fair. Here is part of their cor- Marc J. Seifer, AM’74 my dear friend, the late Robin Holli- respondence, from March 1898, where KINGSTON, RHODE ISLAND +1-617-496-5479

6 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

2019.01.16_ALI_Ivy_Ad_Chicago.indd 1 1/16/19 11:55 AM UCH_Letters_v2.indd 6 1/29/19 4:28 PM 190308_AdvLeadership_Chicago.indd 1 1/16/19 12:16 PM Seeking great leaders.

The Harvard Advanced Leadership Initiative off ers a calendar year of rigorous education and refl ection for highly accomplished leaders in business, government, law, medicine, and other sectors who are transitioning from their primary careers to their next years of service. Led by award-winning faculty members from across Harvard, the program aims to deploy a new leadership force tackling the world’s most challenging social and environmental problems. Royaltystockphoto Royaltystockphoto

be inspired at +1-617-496-5479

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 7

2019.01.16_ALI_Ivy_Ad_Chicago.indd 1 1/16/19 11:55 AM UCH_Letters_v2.indd 7 1/29/19 4:28 PM 190308_AdvLeadership_Chicago.indd 1 1/16/19 12:16 PM LETTERS heartening articles from specialists in fields that touch upon them. However, our world situation has become in- creasingly and uniquely critical. We, as humanity, face the specter of a devas- tating global cataclysm in the nearing The unbearable lightness future unless we are able to identify ef- of the Magazine fective remedies and solutions. Time, This regards the concerns identified however, appears to be running out. in Kimball Corson’s (AM’68, JD’71) Accordingly, perhaps a greater effort letter (Fall/18). Owing to his cogent might be made by the editorial staff to insight, I skimmed the Fall/18 table recruit, from the intellectual treasure of contents. Of the seven articles list- of U of C faculty members or doctoral ed there, one was a biographic piece candidates, more authors who ex- Closing arguments on a civil rights activist and another press their views on these grave and I would like to make some comments was a scientific piece on cancer re- monumental issues so that any pro- on the points David Sobelsohn, AB’74, search. The remainder were info- posals they proffer may actually make brings up in his response (Fall/18) to my tainment-like puff pieces (excepting, a difference. letter about requiring supermajority perhaps, the piece on censoring li- William W. Quinn, AM’78, PhD’81 votes for US Supreme Court decisions. centious graffiti). CARMEL, CALIFORNIA I am encouraged to know my letter has Published within an academic mi- inspired further discussion about the lieu of some of the greatest minds on In his Fall/18 letter, Kimball J. Cor- court system. the planet, this magazine arguably son, AM’68, JD’71, faulted the Mag- Sobelsohn points to a lack of effec- has extraordinary access to them. azine for containing academically tive precedent at the Supreme Court Many of those great minds, in differ- light pieces and avoiding the serious level. If the court is so seriously divided ent fields, may have valuable contri- problems of our nation. The point is that it can only decide in 5–4 decisions, Dormie Network is a national network of renowned clubs combining the experience of destination golf butions to make on critical subjects missed as the alumni magazine is then perhaps there is not yet any legal with the premier hospitality of private membership. like the rapid disintegration of sta- geared to reporting our college and precedent that has been adjudicated at bilizing institutions—both nation- graduate programs’ best educational the lower court level, and perhaps the ally and globally—with little offered and scientific output. The alumni Supreme Court should not get involved as replacements except anarchy or magazine is where people who solve until the judges can perceive that it is “nationalism.” One can add the rav- and discuss our nation’s problems are time to establish a precedence. Even this aging effects of climate change and highlighted in every magazine. Sim- statement assumes that the Supreme ply, how has the U of C educational Court justices and lower court justices We, as humanity, process contributed to world knowl- have been confirmed without any politi- edge, from Nobel Prize–winning re- cal motivation on the part of the Senate. face the specter search to student achievements? This assumption is quite idealistic. of a devastating If I were a college counselor, I As the higher courts get more in- ARBORLINKS · NEBRASKA CITY, NE BALLYHACK · ROANOKE, VA BRIGGS RANCH · SAN ANTONIO, TX would give high school students ac- volved in lower court decisions, it seems global cataclysm in cess to our alumni magazine; many to me to diminish the authority and ef- the nearing future individuals discussing and solving fectiveness of our lower courts. I do our nation’s problems are featured believe that many issues should be de- unless we are able there. So the real question to me, cided in the lower courts, and perhaps to identify effective are our high school college coun- by more than one-person decisions. I selors receiving the University of would accept Sobelsohn’s criterion of remedies and Chicago Magazine? 6–3 decisions as perhaps more realisti-

solutions. Leonard R. Friedman, AB’56 cally achievable than 7–2 or 8–1 deci- Photography by Tim Brown, Istockphoto.com. MIDDLETON, MASSACHUSETTS sions. However, when such decisions DORMIE CLUB · PINEHURST, NC HIDDEN CREEK · EGG HARBOR TOWNSHIP, NJ VICTORIA NATIONAL · NEWBURGH, IN global warming; the crushing effects as equating money with free speech of planetary overpopulation creating We take Quinn’s and Corson’s criti- become the law of the land with 5–4 growing demands for, and overex- cisms seriously and welcome other majorities, then any prudent person ploiting and consuming, the earth’s readers’ feedback on the types of sto- has to question the current system from natural resources; and the resulting ries published in the Magazine. We the Supreme Court down to the lower multiple forms of land, air, and water will bear these opinions in mind when courts. We seem to have a court system pollution. One could easily add an- planning future issues. The Magazine that resembles an inverted pyramid, other dozen topics. is not mailed to college counselors, with the power of the lower courts be- Focusing on such issues does not but we appreciate the letter writer’s coming less and less effective—a very necessarily require a steady diet of dis- suggestion.—Ed. unstable equilibrium. WWW.DORMIENETWORK.COM | [email protected] | ASHLEY OWEN 812.758.7439 8 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UCH_Letters_v2.indd 8 1/29/19 4:29 PM 190202_DormieNtwk.indd 1 1/4/19 3:15 PM Dormie Network is a national network of renowned clubs combining the experience of destination golf with the premier hospitality of private membership.

ARBORLINKS · NEBRASKA CITY, NE BALLYHACK · ROANOKE, VA BRIGGS RANCH · SAN ANTONIO, TX Photography by Tim Brown, Istockphoto.com. DORMIE CLUB · PINEHURST, NC HIDDEN CREEK · EGG HARBOR TOWNSHIP, NJ VICTORIA NATIONAL · NEWBURGH, IN

WWW.DORMIENETWORK.COM | [email protected] | ASHLEY OWEN 812.758.7439 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 9

UCH_Letters_v2.indd 9 1/29/19 4:29 PM 190202_DormieNtwk.indd 1 1/4/19 3:15 PM UCH_Letters_v2.indd 10 supreme power corrupts supremely. corrupts supreme power and corrupt to tends power Acton, Lord To paraphrase government. in powers of balance the problem with serious mend avery to start achievable cally realisti amore be would perhaps and proposal my with nicely in fit would confirmations for Senate supermajority of a The suggestion judges. court of all confirmation Senate the lem regarding of prob kind out adifferent point does electorate of the 9percent ence of only 10 10 Mississippi. Crawspittle, in Goods Dry and College Community Oxford got with it confused Nobody ever again Sobelsohn’s comment about the influ the about comment Sobelsohn’s Ernest A. Dorko, SM’61, PhD’64 SM’61, Dorko, A. Ernest THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE MAGAZINE CHICAGO OF UNIVERSITY THE BLAST FROM THE PAST ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO NEW ALBUQUERQUE, LETTERS Sept–Oct/09 GEORGIA DULUTH, AB’82 Haas, Jeff Voldemort intended to be. as immortal as become will series the if tell will time Only beyond her own borders. read has Rowling Surely measure? good Twain for and romans of Goethe, Stendahl, bildungs­ the in throw not Why Tower,” July–Aug/09). Ivory the and Potter (“Harry my credulity even strains Chaucer in the same breath and Stoker, Austen, to Rowling of comparison Granger’s John but academic, no I’m

- - - | WINTER 2019 Goods in Crawspittle, Mississippi. Crawspittle, in Goods Dry and College Community Oxford with it confused got again ever body no RealEnglishOxford, as rebranded when Oxford all, After cash. more in bring would Recognition Name Better that suits your persuaded doubtless groups focus the and The boosters UChicago?) at he studies that a friend told ever anyone (Has tawdry. almost abit louche, unseemly, is branding mentioned. C is Uof the now everywhere simply is business “UChicago” this that ness our of issue Fall/18 the received Having You are aware, surely, that the re the surely, that You aware, are Magazine Ew, Chicago , I note with some sad some with , Inote - - - or “UC or C” Uof “the use that institutions other with confusion to avoid name informal official institution’s the as UChicago the and University The the error. the We regret types. cancer other and melanoma with on patients tested being is drug microbial the 2018, and October in given was trial for the al approv FDA drug. Biosciences Evelo on an Luke Jason of medicine fessor pro assistant by run trial a clinical of nature and timing the misstated (Fall/18) we of Attack” “Plans In 20 years; it was embarrassing.) it was years; 20 in twice did it that outfit worked for an (I once you look ridiculous. make will reboot to attempt another it doesn’t, if because acceptance, general with meets Here’s UChicago hoping keting. of mar view. done share my But I’ve my pur from far be should emanations its of Hyde and Park concerns cultural and The aesthetic expat. I’m an And tooth. abit long in now,tion getting Then again, I’m of the older I’m genera of the Then again, Patrick J. Cooper-Leconte, AB’70 J. Cooper-Leconte, Patrick .” —Ed. ST. HERBLAIN, FRANCE HERBLAIN, ST. CORRECTIONS Magazine Magazine use use 1/30/19 4:29 PM

- - - - - Photography by Anne Ryan. Anne by Photography

Illustration by Drone Media Chicago; UChicago Photographic Archive, apf2-05339, University of Chicago Library ON THE AGENDA DRIVING SOCIAL CHANGE WITH RESEARCH AND COLLABORATION

BY DEBORAH GORMAN-SMITH DEAN OF THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SERVICE ADMINISTRATION AND EMILY KLEIN GIDWITZ PROFESSOR rom its start as one of the College courses—courses focused on first schools of social work in areas such as immigration policy, crimi- the United States, the School nal justice, urban education, social wel- of Social Service Administra- fare policy, work and family, and global tion has emphasized the need mental health. Other campus collabora- for science and research as tions have amplified opportunities for foundational elements of so- students. SSA’s Civic Treks with UChi- cial change. Our school also cago’s Institute of Politics investigate is guided by specific values pressing social issues and provide op- dedicated to a more just and portunities to interact with elected of- humane society. Every day I ficials and leaders from human service am reminded of this distinctive vision organizations. With the University of Fand history when I reflect on the work Chicago Booth School of Business, SSA of our faculty, students, and alumni. students are developing social entrepre- Guided by an interdisciplinary tra- neurship skills—and fresh solutions—to dition, SSA’s faculty are conducting ing ways to support the successful re- social, economic, and environmental innovative and applied research ad- entry of individuals after incarceration. challenges, with the chance to compete dressing such challenging issues as To address educational inequality, for venture capital funding to put their poverty, violence, educational inequal- SSA focuses on education policies and ideas into action. ity, health disparities, homelessness, practices, as well as the constellation Beyond the city limits, our research immigration, mass incarceration, and of family, peer, and neighborhood ex- in China, India, the United Kingdom, child welfare. Our cross-disciplinary periences that children bring into the Latin America, and sub-Saharan Africa approach uses a variety of research classroom. Collaborating with Chi- has shaped SSA’s newest certificate pro- methods and also informs the rigor- cago Public Schools has led to new gram in global social development prac- ous training and mentoring of our stu- interventions, strategies, and partner- tice. Energizing our collaboration with dents—the next generation of leaders ships that have improved graduation Peking University and The Hong Kong who will use evidence and new ideas rates, facilitated systemic change, and Polytechnic University is the Enduring to create lasting and positive change. created a brighter pathway for young Foundations project, which is respond- What makes SSA’s approach most people aspiring to college. Based on ing to the challenges created by China’s impactful is our commitment to com- this work, SSA’s Network for College rapid urbanization, especially for chil- munity engagement and collaboration. Success recently received an $11.7 dren and the elderly in rural villages Community engagement, based on million grant from the Bill & Melinda and migrant workers living in cities. trusted long-term partnerships, allows Gates Foundation that will deepen the SSA was built by visionary women us to explore social problems with nu- work with CPS high schools and grow who imagined a better world and rei- anced and comprehensive thinking. Lo- our impact across the city. magined the profession. Our founders cally and globally, our collaborations are Our partnerships with the city, knew that change would happen only uncovering new solutions and influenc- county, and state continue to expand. if rigorous research guided practice ing policies and practices. Faculty are Faculty and students are evaluating and policy. Continuing this school’s examining disparities inside and outside the new CityKey municipal ID pro- great traditions is inspiring and the criminal justice system—identify- gram with the Office of the City Clerk, daunting: that we will give voice to ing interventions and innovations that and working with the Chicago Fines, those who are unheard, enact lasting improve the well-being of incarcerated Fees, and Access Collaborative, a new social reform, and make real impact in women; evaluating the use of deferred committee reviewing the impact of the lives of individuals, families, and prosecution programs, which can re- fines, fees, and collections practices on communities. In a world confronting duce the number of individuals entering low-income, minority residents. extreme and complex social problems,

Photography by Lloyd Degrane Lloyd by Photography the criminal justice system; and explor- For the first time, SSA is teaching SSA’s work matters more than ever. ◆

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 11

UCM_OntheAgenda_Winter19_v1.indd 11 1/29/19 4:48 PM LSE-UCHICAGO DOUBLE EXECUTIVE MASTERS IN HEALTH POLICY

FROM HARRIS PUBLIC POLICY AND THE LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS

2 YEARS 2 DEGREES 2 CITIES

YEAR 1 NOVEMBER–DECEMBER 2.5 weeks in London

APRIL–MAY 2.5 weeks in Chicago

SUMMER: Harris Policy Project

YEAR 2 NOVEMBER–DECEMBER 2.5 weeks in London

APRIL–MAY 2.5 weeks in Chicago

SPRING: MSc Dissertation

SUMMER: LSE Capstone Project

Solutions to global health challenges require global thinking.

VISIT US ONLINE lse.uchicago.edu

53 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | FALL 2018 w

Peer Review Opener_v4.indd 53 1/28/19 3:27 PM UCHICAGO JOURNAL RESEARCH AND NEWS IN BRIEF

BENVENUTO The US entry in the 2018 Venice Architecture Biennale was Dimensions of Citizenship, co- commissioned by the University of Chicago and cocurated by art history professor Niall Atkinson. Beginning February 15, it will be on view at Wrightwood 659 in Chicago. For more, visit mag.uchicago .edu/biennale.

by Estudio Teddy Cruz + Fonna Forman at the 2018 U.S. Pavilion. 14 16 21 22 A mystery The lives Rave Sing your of octopus of queer reviews for way to better biology truckers a professor’s management debut novel Photo Harris. © Tom Courtesy of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago and the University of Chicago. MEXUS: A Geography of Interdependence of Geography A MEXUS:

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 13

UChicago Journal_v13.indd 13 1/28/19 12:01 PM Leave me alone, I’m brooding: The terrible, horrible, no-good, very bad lives of octopus moms, who die soon after mating, have long puzzled biologists.

after giving life. The biological hows idea of a single such hormone, using BIOLOGY and evolutionary whys behind that fate, modern genetic sequencing tools to though, are not well understood. describe several distinct molecular Enter the female octopus’s optic signals produced by the optic gland af- Nasty, brutish, gland. Functionally similar to the pi- ter a female octopus reproduces. “It’s tuitary gland of most land animals, the first time we can pinpoint any mo- and short it’s named for its position between lecular mechanism to such dramatic the eyes. In 1977, when psychologist behaviors, which to me is the entire Neurobiologists approach Jerome Wodinsky removed the optic purpose of studying neuroscience,” gland from female Caribbean two- says Z. Yan Wang, PhD’18. a better grasp of a mother spot octopuses (Octopus hummelincki), Wang, who led the new study, was Photo courtesy Z. Yan Wang, PhD’18 Wang, Yan Z. courtesy Photo octopus’s grim final days. something interesting happened. The part of a team directed by Clifton octopuses abandoned their eggs and Ragsdale, professor of neurobiology at BY MATT WOOD resumed feeding, and some even mat- UChicago, that in 2015 sequenced the ed again. Biologists surmised that the first full genome of a cephalopod. She After a female octopus lays a clutch of optic gland must secrete some kind of and Ragsdale followed that work using eggs, she quits eating; by the time the “self-destruct” hormone but could not the same species, the California two- eggs hatch, she will have starved to identify it. spot octopus (Octopus bimaculoides), death. Like some other semelparous A recent study by neurobiologists to examine maternal behavior. The re-

animals, the octopus is fated to die soon at the University of Chicago belies the searchers detail four separate phases Photo courtesy Z. Yan Wang, PhD’18

14 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UChicago Journal_v13.indd 14 1/29/19 2:49 PM of adult female behavior and link them protein molecules used by neurons to to these molecular signals, suggesting communicate with each other. These how the optic gland controls a mother molecules have been linked to feeding octopus’s demise. behavior in many animals. After mat- In the first phase, before mating, ma- ing, as the animals began to fast and ture females of the species are active decline, their neuropeptides dropped predators, spending a lot of time out- precipitously, and signaling activity side their dens and pouncing on fiddler rose in genes that produce neurotrans- crabs and other prey. When they begin mitters called catecholamines; ste- brooding, though, mated females sit roids that metabolize cholesterol; and like a deep-sea hen, stroking their eggs insulin-like growth factor hormone. The California two-spot octopus and blowing water over the clutch. For Wang says it was the first time octo- (Octopus bimaculoides) is typically an several days they rarely leave their eggs, puses’ optic glands have been linked to antisocial creature. snatching the odd unlucky crab only if it metabolism-related activity. happens to get too close. Just how these molecular and sig- Then, in the fasting phase of moth- naling changes cause behavioral erhood, the octopuses stop eating changes is still unclear. Females in the we’re beginning to learn about the main completely. Eight to early stage of brood- characters, what their roles are, and a 10 days later, they ing continued to eat little bit more about the backstory.” reach the fourth and It’s the first time but didn’t actively The scientific jury is still out as to final phase. In rapid we can pinpoint any seek out food, pos- why these clever, resourceful crea- decline, the octo- molecular mechanism sibly a sign that the tures meet such an ignominious end, puses pale, become neuropeptides affect but there are several theories. Octo- listless, lose muscle to such dramatic the amount of energy puses are serious cannibals—females tone, and die. behaviors, which the octopus expends regularly kill and eat males during Collecting the op- to me is the entire to find prey. Certain mating—so a biologically programmed tic glands from octo- muscles may begin death spiral may be a way to keep puses at each phase, purpose of studying to deteriorate so the mothers from eating their young. Wang sequenced the neuroscience. octopus physically Octopuses are also among the ani- RNA transcriptome can’t hunt or digest mal kingdom’s “indeterminate grow- of each. RNA carries food. The increased ers,” which can grow indefinitely until instructions from DNA about how to steroid and insulin production could death, so eliminating hungry adults produce proteins, so sequencing it is be targeting reproductive tissues that keeps the octopus ecosystem from be- a good way to understand gene activ- promote maternal behavior, or they ing dominated by a few massive elders. ity and what’s going on inside cells at could be directing energy away from “It’s very strange to see as humans, a given time. digestion and feeding. because we reproduce more than once When unmated females were ac- “Before, when we only knew about and live way past our reproductive tively hunting and eating in the first the optic gland, it felt like watching the age,” Wang says. “But if the whole phase, their optic glands produced trailer to a movie,” Wang says. “You purpose of living is to pass along your high levels of neuropeptides, small get the gist of what’s going on, but now genes, maybe it’s not so dark.” ◆

Ride hailing services such as Uber and Lyft offer convenience, but it comes

Photo courtesy Z. Yan Wang, PhD’18 Wang, Yan Z. courtesy Photo with a human cost. A working paper from Chicago Booth’s John Barrios found that the introduction of ride hailing in US cities is associated with a 2 to 3 percent increase in fatal accidents. This increase, which affects ZERO vehicle occupants, cyclists, and pedestrians, amounts to an additional 987 STARS deaths each year nationally. What’s more, Barrios and his coauthors found

ABSTRACT that ride hailing results in an overall increase in car usage, as measured by total vehicle miles traveled, because it cuts into walking, biking, and the introvert’s favorite option, staying home.—S. A. ◆ Photo courtesy Z. Yan Wang, PhD’18

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 15

UChicago Journal_v13.indd 15 1/29/19 2:49 PM SOCIOLOGY The open road It’s time to rethink stereotypes about American truckers.

BY BROOKE NAGLER, ’20

When Anne Balay, AB’86, AM’88, PhD’94, set out to interview queer and minority truckers for her new book, more people volunteered than she had time to meet. This wasn’t the only thing that surprised Balay in researching Semi Queer: Inside the World of Gay, Trans, and Black Truck Drivers (University of North Carolina Press, 2018). “My impression of truckers was that they were straight white guys hostile to queer life and ways of being, and that’s not true at all,” she says. Demographic statistics are limited, but according to Balay’s research, about 5 percent of truckers are women, and 8 percent are African American or La- tino. (It’s not known how many are both.) While no official data are kept on gay and transgender truckers, Balay’s sources described a changing industry. “There’s enough of us out here now that we can feel more bold, and be more vis- ible,” one trans trucker told her. Semi Queer weaves together a his- tory of the trucking industry and the oral histories of 66 anonymous truck- ers. In theme-driven chapters, the book explores truckers’ experiences with road accidents, post-traumatic stress disorder, and bias. Many of Balay’s narrators arrived at trucking as a job of last resort. They had suffered harassment and discrimination at previous jobs, or couldn’t get hired at all because of their visible queerness. One trans narrator, Liam, described the Photography by Riva Lehrer challenge of having a limited work histo- ry under his new post-transition name. Anne Balay, AB’86, AM’88, PhD’94, has worked as a mechanic and a trucker. “I Because it requires little contact with love the mental state long drives put me in; they’re pretty much the only time I feel other people, trucking provided a com- relaxed,” she writes in Semi Queer. “I love that feeling, and almost every trucker I’ve paratively safe and accessible option. talked to does too. That’s what we mean when we say trucking is addictive—it’s not Balay herself worked as a trucker af-

just a job but a lifestyle.” ter being denied tenure, a decision she Courtesy University of North Carolina Press

16 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UChicago Journal_v13.indd 16 1/29/19 3:00 PM ABSTRACT

believes was motivated by homophobic express their shifting identities more discrimination. Jobless and panicking, openly. “Out here on the road I live she entered trucking school because authentically,” explained Alix, who MISS she’d always liked driving. There she is trans. “I am kind of leading a dou- found that sitting in the cab of a truck ble life because when I go home, I’m MANNERS was transformative. “Suddenly all of kind of mom to the kids. … So when WAS the anger and bit- I get back into the terness just flowed truck, it’s liberating, RIGHT away. I felt like this My impression of because I don’t have is something I could anyone’s expecta- truckers was that If you’re grateful to do that would be tions to live up to.” someone, tell them meaningful and pro- they were straight But the profes- so. It will mean more ductive,” she says. white guys hostile to sion has drawbacks. to the recipient (Balay has since re- queer life and ways Nonwhite truckers turned to academia experience racism than you think, and now teaches at of being, and that’s from the carriers that according to a study Haverford College.) not true at all. employ them, other by Nicholas Epley, Her experience truckers, and custom- the John Templeton was not uncommon. ers. For all drivers, Keller Professor of Mastering an 80,000-pound piece of “trucking is incredibly dangerous,” Behavioral Science machinery offered many of Balay’s inter- Balay says. Apart from the risk of ac- at Chicago Booth. viewees a sense of power. As one driver cidents, drivers are frequently alone in He and his coauthor told her, “the fact that people hate me remote areas or at truck stops, which asked study ’cause I’m trans, well then they’ll hate can be magnets for illegal activity. participants to write me, but say hello to my truck.” Sexual assault was common among the letters or emails With its constant motion and cycles women she interviewed, both cisgender of appreciation to of departure and arrival, Balay writes, (those whose gender identity matches people important the everyday life of a trucker is well the sex on their birth certificates) and to them (parents, suited to individuals whose gender transgender. Nearly every trucker Balay friends, teachers, identities are also in flux. Trucking interviewed carried a gun. and the like) and to offers a way for these individuals to Then there are the looming exis- rate how surprised, tential threats. Technology has trans- happy, and awkward formed trucking, adding new forms of they thought the employer surveillance, such as cameras notes would make and speed sensors, that many drivers the recipients feel. feel are needless micromanagement. The researchers The most dramatic change awaits as self-driving vehicles threaten to upend then contacted the the industry. Balay worries for the mar- thank-ees to find ginalized truckers for whom “there are out how they really no other decent jobs available.” responded. According But until autonomous trucks hit the to the paper, interstate, truckers will remain essen- published June 27 in tial, linking even the most remote parts Psychological Science, of the country to the web of American senders overrated industrialism. That sense of connec- how awkward the tion to how things are made is one of recipients would find the reasons Balay found satisfaction in the letters (in fact, few Photography by Riva Lehrer driving a truck. Her work took her to expressed discomfort) the mills where toilet paper is made, and underrated how the Nabisco factories where Oreos happy and surprised emerge from conveyer belts, the fields they really felt. Thanks where fruit is grown and picked. She for reading!—S. A. ◆ Balay’s book chronicles a misunderstood saw it all, and took it where it needed

Courtesy University of North Carolina Press and changing industry. to go next. ◆

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UChicago Journal_v13.indd 17 1/28/19 12:02 PM Marian Leighton Levy, he and Irwin had been listening to folk music for years, thanks to their work for a concert promoter in Boston. With the ’60s folk craze in decline, renowned labels such as Elektra and Vanguard were leaving their rootsy origins behind to chase success with rock bands including the Doors and Country Joe and the Fish. Nowlin, Irwin, and Levy felt these labels had left a void, making it hard to find “deep folk” records, especially Bill Nowlin, AM’69 (left), with “Bad to the Bone” singer George Thorogood, whose bluegrass and old-time fiddle music. 1978 album Move It On Over was an early commercial success for Rounder Records. Inspired by a fellow fiddlers’ conven- tion attendee who ran a small record label, the three friends decided to press and sell albums themselves. In MUSIC many people came to us and said, ‘This October 1970, they released their first is great you’re doing this.’ They had the two records, by North Carolina banjo same experience we had: unable to get player George Pegram and an old-time True to his the kind of records that we want.” country band from Cambridge, Massa- Over the next 40 years and more chusetts, the Spark Gap Wonder Boys. than 3,500 albums, Rounder, home to Radical politics influenced Nowlin’s roots bluegrass star Alison Krauss and jazz- life and Rounder’s origins. A Boston na- bluegrass banjo virtuoso Béla Fleck, tive, he enrolled in the University of Chi- Bill Nowlin, AM’69, made a became “one of the great preserva- cago’s political science PhD program in home for folk music as tionist labels, interested in the far and 1966. But he left Chicago in 1968, after cofounder of Rounder Records. near corners of American roots music,” Martin Luther King Jr.’s assassination, New York Times critic Jon Caramanica to join the Poor People’s Campaign, BY ERICK TRICKEY wrote in 2010. Now, after decades of King’s unfinished protest. “I went to striving to do business based on artis- Washington, lived for six weeks on the During summers in the early 1970s, Bill tic values rather than mass-market cal- Mall in a shanty that we built, and never Nowlin, AM’69, and two friends toured culations, Nowlin, 73, is semiretired, went back again,” he says. Instead, his the South in a Volkswagen van, visit- looking back on Rounder’s influence on program allowed him to write a mas- ing folk and bluegrass festivals and fid- American roots music, and enjoying a ter’s thesis, which compared the Poor dlers’ conventions. At each stop, they’d second career writing about his other People’s Campaign to the 1932 march on sell LPs from their fledgling record la- great cultural obsession, baseball. Washington by World War I veterans. bel, Rounder Records. “It really start- In 1970, when Nowlin founded Until 1980, Nowlin, Irwin, and Levy ed booming,” says Nowlin, “because so Rounder with friends Ken Irwin and ran Rounder out of their home in the

An elephant’s genome never forgets how to combat cancer. A study led by geneticist Vincent J. Lynch and published August 14 in Cell Reports revealed that elephants get surprising help in fighting cancer from a gene ALL HAIL called LIF6. Earlier in elephants’ evolutionary history, LIF6 mutated into AM’69 Nowlin, Bill courtesy Photo THE what’s called a pseudogene: a dormant gene that can no longer direct the creation of proteins. Normally a dead gene like this stays dead—but not ZOMBIE LIF6. For reasons scientists don’t yet know, the elephant LIF6 gene came ABSTRACT GENE back to life and set to work creating tumor-fighting proteins. This may explain why elephants rarely die from cancer, despite having two major risk factors: large bodies and long life spans.—S. A. ◆ Photo courtesy Bill Nowlin, AM’69

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UChicago Journal_v13.indd 18 1/28/19 12:03 PM W. R. HARPER’S INDEX Boston suburb of Somerville. They ing digital downloads, convinced them called themselves the Rounder Col- to sell Rounder. In 2010 Nowlin and lective. “We all lived together, worked his partners inked a deal with Concord together,” Nowlin says. “We shared Music Group, an independent record GLOBE- whatever incomes we did have. It was company they trusted to keep the la- the hippie era.” Irwin produced studio bel’s legacy alive. TROTTERS sessions, Levy handled publicity, and Rounder’s sale, finalized in 2013, gave Nowlin managed the business side: roy- Nowlin more time for another passion: Students in the first Study Abroad program alty calculations, payments to artists. writing about baseball, including histo- in Paris, 1983–84 Then the little collective grew fast. ries of the Boston Red Sox and a book Rounder’s album by blues-rockers on the lives of umpires. His house in George Thorogood and the Destroy- Cambridge, Massachusetts, has more ers, Move It On Over, released in 1978, baseball memorabilia than musical me- 6 became a gold record. At its height in mentoes—including paintings of Now- the 1980s, Rounder had more than 100 lin’s childhood idol, Red Sox slugger Students in College employees, distributed albums for 400 Ted Williams. During the team’s 2018 Study Abroad programs other labels, and put out as many as 100 championship season, Nowlin attended in 2017–18 albums a year, from West African music 64 games at Fenway Park, where he has to bluegrass to New Orleans piano jazz. a press box seat. Yet, Nowlin says, the label still aimed to Meanwhile, Nowlin, Irwin, and make decisions based on concern for its Levy stay involved with Rounder, 588 musicians, not maximum profit. which relocated to Nashville, Tennes- For instance, Rounder sold the see, after the sale. The former partners Faculty teaching abroad rights to country-folk singer Iris De- control a fund that allows them to re- in 2017–18 Ment’s 1992 debut, Infamous Angel, to lease a few albums a year from the Warner Brothers after the major label ones that the new owners reject—a grew interested in signing her. The al- project they call Old Rounder. They’ve 70 bum had been an artistic and financial already won a Grammy for best blue- success for the label, “but we didn’t grass album with a record Concord ever want to be blamed for holding had turned down: the Steeldrivers’ The Cities with Study Abroad programs back an artist from some possibility.” Muscle Shoals Recordings. They have As the partners entered their 60s, no plans to stop, Nowlin says. “There changes in the music industry, includ- really are still groups that excite us.” ◆ 32

Number of times Dean Boyer has taught in Vienna since 2003 8

Students who have studied in Hong Kong since 2015 Photo courtesy Bill Nowlin, AM’69 Nowlin, Bill courtesy Photo 83

Total number of Study Abroad participants since 1983

Rounder founders Ken Irwin, Marian Leighton Levy, and Nowlin. Though they sold the

Photo courtesy Bill Nowlin, AM’69 label in 2010, they still select a few albums a year to release. 9,890

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UChicago Journal_v13.indd 19 1/28/19 12:03 PM RESEARCH Getting an earful

If you’d like to bring Hyde Park to your headphones, we recommend the University’s Big Brains podcast, now in its second year. Below are edited highlights from a few episodes that caught our attention—and look out for upcoming conversations with Daniel Holz, professor of physics, and Cathy Cohen, the David and Mary Winton Green Professor of Political Science.—S. A.

EPISODE 5 EPISODE 13 EPISODE 9

Wendy Freedman Dana Suskind Claudia Flores John and Marion Sullivan Professor of Surgery Director of the International University Professor of and Director of the Thirty Human Rights Clinic at Astronomy and Astrophysics Million Words Initiative the University of Chicago Law School If we really were able to The “three Ts” are, at the show that there’s life on a individual level, what needs Our immigration policy and planet outside of our own to happen between adult and the focus on deterrence solar system, that will change child to optimally stimulate is actually very narrow- humankind’s perspective the child. And what are minded. The first thing on our place in the universe. the three Ts? Tune in, talk that needs to be done is to So I think that would be more, take turns. Tuning in is move away from detention a monumental discovery. following your child’s lead, as a deterrent mechanism. That’s something in principle using child-directed speech, There is no evidence that it’s that the Giant Magellan EPISODE 14 which is that singsongy effective. In fact, most studies Telescope could do. We speech. Talk more is just as it demonstrate that the ebb David Axelrod, AB’76 sounds. Using rich vocabulary, don’t know what kind of Director of the Institute and flow of immigration has talking about the past, the life, but what’s so exciting of Politics much more to do with how right now is that we’re living future, and the present. And the economies of surrounding at a time where you can Democracy is messy and then take turns is having countries are doing and how actually ask these questions. challenging, and it’s more a conversation with your our economy is doing. They’re not science fiction. messy and challenging today baby from day one. These in certain ways because of the three Ts are the behavioral jirkaejc iStock/ iStock/77studio; Organization; – GMTO Telescope Magellan Giant Courtesy modern media environment. measuring stick that parents But we are all responsible can use when they interact for trying to sustain this. with their child. And whether Robert Kennedy said, they’re changing their “The future’s not a gift, it’s child’s diaper or taking the an achievement.” That is Metra, it’s an opportunity to particularly true of democracy. enrich their environment.

What causes the math achievement gap? You can rule out innate differences in numerical abilities, finds a new study from postdoctoral scholar Alyssa J. Kersey. Kersey and her colleagues used data from DON’T other published studies to compare the quantitative abilities of more COUNT than 500 girls and boys, ages 6 months to 8 years. They studied several early childhood quantitative milestones: the ability to estimate numbers, OUT count, and perform basic elementary school math, such as writing and

ABSTRACT GIRLS naming numerals. Girls and boys show no differences in grasping these ideas, the authors write. “Boys and girls begin education with equivalent early mathematical thinking skills.”—S. A. ◆ Photography by Anjali Pinto Anjali by Photography

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UChicago Journal_v13.indd 20 1/30/19 3:10 PM FICTION Office apocalypse

It’s the end of the working world as we know it in Ling Ma’s (AB’05) dystopian novel Severance.

BY JEANIE CHUNG

Ling Ma, AB’05, arrived at the College from Kansas planning to study anthro- pology and become an archaeologist. But in her coursework she had trouble look- ing at folktales and indigenous myths the way an anthropologist would. “I was entranced by them,” she says, “and the field was about a very strict path of analysis, not about being entranced.” Ling Ma, AB’05, began writing Severance while working at a company in the process She switched her major to English, of downsizing—an experience that shaped the book’s narrative and tone. and as a third-year won the Margaret C. Annan [PhB’28, AM’33] Undergradu- ate Award in Writing for a collection of short stories. She returned to UChicago repeat the same tasks until they starve house director Terrence Malick and in 2017 as a lecturer and is now an as- to death. The novel contains frequent the horror of a George Romero film— sistant professor of practice in the arts. flashbacks to Candace’s life in New with some added inspiration from the Both the anthropologist and the sto- York circa 2011, where she coordinated TV series Walking Dead, the photogra- Courtesy Giant Magellan Telescope – GMTO Organization; iStock/77studio; iStock/ jirkaejc iStock/ iStock/77studio; Organization; – GMTO Telescope Magellan Giant Courtesy ryteller in Ma come to the fore in her the production of Bibles for a publish- phy of Vivian Maier, and a 2011 Gug- debut novel, Severance (Farrar, Straus, ing company. In many cases, the story genheim Museum retrospective of the and Giroux, 2018). In awarding it the suggests, those suffering from Shen sculptor Maurizio Cattelan’s work. 2018 Kirkus Prize, judges called the Fever are not easy to distinguish from Ma has always drawn from a variety book “a portrait of our times—espe- healthy people. of sources for her fiction. As a student, cially our fears.” Several critics have “To live in a city is to take part in her visual arts classes and a class on interpreted the book as a commentary and to propagate its impossible sys- performance monologues fed her writ- on capitalism run amok. tems,” Ma writes. “To wake up. To ing as much as workshops did. She’s Ma has not read much of the re- go to work in the morning. It is also also inspired by work: the tedious, hi- sponse to Severance, which she finds “a to take pleasure in those systems be- erarchical, petty, political, corporate little bit surreal, and a little bit upset- cause, otherwise, who could repeat the grind without which Severance could ting, even if it’s positive.” An upside is same routines, year in, year out?” not exist. Ma, who spent three years as that the publicity has prompted many Ma says the novel’s structure was in- a fact-checker at Playboy, among other former students to get in touch, offer fluenced by Mad Men. The show taught office jobs, advises her students to “live congratulations, and share how much her that stories can progress “not nec- and experience the world for a while they liked the book. essarily by having things happen, but before you begin writing about it.” “That feedback is a million times more just a kind of a layering of ideas “There’s so much about how the better than a book review,” she says. and themes and memories. More try- world works,” Ma says, “and so much Severance tells the story of Candace ing to deepen the story rather than have knowledge and information pertinent Chen, who joins a cultlike group formed things happen in a linear fashion.” to specific industries that doesn’t make in the wake of a global pandemic called Tonally, she sees Severance as a it into fiction. It doesn’t make it across

Photography by Anjali Pinto Anjali by Photography Shen Fever, which causes its victims to mash-up, melding the lyricism of art- in fiction, and I think it should.” ◆

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UChicago Journal_v13.indd 21 1/28/19 12:03 PM “I’m a tenor, but I couldn’t just care about my part,” Harry Davis says of singing in the pop-up choir. “I had to care about the group and be fully present for them. And that’s a good metaphor for organizations.”

BUSINESS choral setting might have a great deal of Davis argues, is OK. In fact, that is the connections to people dealing with a lot point. “I spend a lot of time in teaching of issues in business about leadership, leadership getting people to experi- Music lessons followership, and listening,” Davis says. ment,” he says. “And people often say, He and Mollie Stone, LAB’97, choral ‘What happens if it doesn’t work out? Learning leadership, poco director and lecturer at the Univer- What if it’s a failure?’ I say, that is often a poco. sity of Chicago, worked with Patty the best way to learn.” Cuyler of the nonprofit singing orga- Singing in the pop-up choir, the BY SANDRA M. JONES nization Village Harmony to develop students experienced firsthand how a custom workshop. much they could learn when they al- Leadership is a performance art. To The students learned three songs: lowed themselves to take risks. By understand it, you have to experience a Corsican kyrie, an American hymn, tackling three challenging songs as it, and to improve, you have to practice. and a Zulu call-and-response song. Just novices, they had an opportunity to Photo courtesy Harry L. Davis Center for Leadership/Jason & Blue Leadership/Jason for Center Davis L. Harry courtesy Photo That is the philosophy at the Harry three hours later, they were performing feel unsure of themselves and still L. Davis Center for Leadership at the at the Gleacher Center for students in make it through the performance by University of Chicago Booth School of Booth’s weekend MBA program. relying on one another. Business. In one of its many efforts to “The major takeaway I had was about “I realized that even when you’re in explore the parallels between art and the importance of trust,” says Purva a leadership position there are times the business world, the center gath- Joshi, MBA’18. “When you’re singing, when you don’t feel completely con- ered 40 students, faculty, and staff you can’t be too involved in evaluating fident,” says Booth student Juliana with little or no singing experience to how the other people in the group are Suarez, “and you have to lean in and form a pop-up choir. doing or it will throw off your rhythm. allow the team to give you the energy The choir was the brainchild of You have to do your part and trust that to move forward.” ◆ Harry L. Davis, the Roger L. and Rachel everyone else is doing their parts. I re- M. Goetz Distinguished Service Profes- alized how beautiful it sounds when Robert Sharoff contributed to this story. sor of Creative Management at Chicago people trust each other.” Booth. He’s continually looking for un- Of course, it wasn’t always beautiful. expected ways to teach students how A group of musical novices is inevita- TO READ MORE, VISIT MAG.UCHICAGO.EDU/CHOIR.

to lead. “It struck me that singing in a bly going to hit some sour notes. That, Photo courtesy USC School of Cinematic Arts Hugh M. Hefner Moving Image Archive

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UChicago Journal_v13.indd 22 1/28/19 12:03 PM SCREEN SHOT

SOMETHING GOOD Photo courtesy Harry L. Davis Center for Leadership/Jason & Blue Leadership/Jason for Center Davis L. Harry courtesy Photo

he magic of this movie kiss is immediate. From the 29-second film’s first frame, the couple embrace, blissfully absorbed. But Something Good—Negro Kiss is not one kiss but four, punctuated by glances. “There’s a performance there because they’re T dancing with one another, but their kissing has an unmistakable sense of naturalness, pleasure, and amusement,” says Allyson Nadia Field, associate professor of cinema and media studies. Field helped trace the film’s origins to 1898 Chicago and the studio of producer William Selig. Though it was made in the era’s market for minstrel comedy, Field says, the film defied racial caricature. Now

Photo courtesy USC School of Cinematic Arts Hugh M. Hefner Moving Image Archive part of the National Film Registry, it’s the earliest known film depicting African American affection.—A. P. ◆

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UChicago Journal_v13.indd 23 1/30/19 3:11 PM For the record

NEW DEAN University of Chicago Medal recognizes coordinates programs, support services, FOR SSA distinguished service of the highest order and partnerships across UChicago. These Deborah to the University by an individual or couple. include scholarship programs for veterans Gorman- Since its creation, the medal has been in the College and Chicago Booth, faculty Smith was awarded to 23 individuals. research focused on improving health care appointed for veterans, the University’s partnership dean of the MARSHALING with the Army Research Laboratory, and School of Social THEIR the annual Veterans Day recognition event, Service Administration POWERS which this year featured a keynote address in November. The Emily Klein Gidwitz College fourth- by Eric Gleacher, MBA’67. Professor of the School of Social Service year Sarah Administration, she had served as SSA’s Nakasone and interim dean since July 2017. Gorman-Smith Law School also directs the Chicago Center for Youth second-year Violence Prevention, a leading national Christopher Crum center examining the underlying causes of are among 48 US youth violence and developing evidence- students who received Marshall Scholarships based interventions. (See On the Agenda, to pursue graduate work in the United page 11.) Kingdom next fall. A global studies major, Nakasone plans a career in disease control BRAVO! and prevention, with a focus on engaging On November 2 UChicago opened the women in HIV sexual health programs. Crum Green Line Performing Arts Center in will examine how governments can use law the Washington Park neighborhood. The to combat threats that the internet poses to renovated 6,600-square-foot building individual privacy, the integrity of elections, includes the E&A Theatre, a black box venue and the quality of public discourse. SO CLOSE with seating for 80-plus; the Harris Studio, The men’s soccer team got closer than a rehearsal and performance space; and a OXFORD BOUND ever before to winning the program’s first lobby and courtyard for public programs and Yali Peng, LLM’17, has won a Rhodes national title, losing 4–1 to Calvin College in exhibitions including outdoor film screenings. Scholarship to study at the University of the NCAA Division III National Semifinal on Providing support to performing artists and Oxford next fall. Peng is enrolled in the November 30. Still, it wasn’t all heartbreak theater ensembles across Chicago’s South Law School’s JSD program, designed for for the Maroons: fourth-years Max Lopez Side, the center also will offer training for international lawyers. At Oxford, she will and Nicco Capotosto were named to neighborhood residents with interest in pursue a doctorate in either criminology or the 2018 United Soccer Coaches NCAA

theater design and production. socio-legal studies and hopes to examine Division III Scholar All-America Teams. On UChicago Lachat; Jean by photography News; UChicago left: top from Clockwise sentencing structures and criminal behavior the women’s side, third-year Mackenzie Athletics/Diamond Photography; UChicago News; photography by John Zich LEADER IN PHILANTHROPY with a focus on how the justice system affects Peebles and Jenna McKinney, AB’18, also On November 7 the Board of Trustees people from marginalized earned All-American honors. The women’s awarded the University of Chicago Medal communities. Peng soccer team finished their season 13–5–1 to David Booth, MBA’71. A UChicago was among overall, while the men went 18–3–1. trustee, he is a life member of the Council four Rhodes on Chicago Booth and serves on the Becker Scholars NOBEL PAPER TRAIL Friedman Institute for Economics board. from China The University of Chicago Library is now In 2008 Booth made the largest gift in this year. home to the archives of 21 Nobel laureates. UChicago history. The She is the Stephen M. Stigler, LAB’59, the Ernest University renamed 53rd UChicago DeWitt Burton Distinguished Service the Graduate student to receive Professor in the Department of Statistics, School of the scholarship. has donated his father’s papers to the Business in library, where they are available for research recognition HOOAH, OORAH, in the Special Collections Research Center. A of Booth AND HOOYAH leader of the Chicago school of economics, that year. Military-affiliated students, faculty, and George Stigler, PhD’38, taught at UChicago Established staff have a new resource in the Office for from 1958 until his death in 1991, receiving

in 1976, the Military-Affiliated Communities, which the economics Nobel in 1982. Illustration by John Jay Cabuay

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UChicago Journal_v13.indd 24 1/28/19 12:04 PM What kinds of approaches? There’s a whole set of justice problems that we can make go away by applying rules that we already have. For example, one in three Americans has a debt in col- lections. That means the debt has been sold to a third party, and many get sold again. By the time you get sued for not paying, the chain of custody on the debt has lost a lot of information. You may have paid the original creditor but the debt buyer may not know that, and you may not know how to prove it. State courts are full of lawsuits where the creditor can’t prove ownership of the debt. The State of INTERVIEW New York decided to enforce a rule that if you’re going to sue someone, you have to have all the documentation to show you And civil justice for all own that debt, and they owe it. You see a pretty dramatic drop in filings when you Rebecca Sandefur, AM’97, PhD’01, studies how real people use—or do that very simple thing. don’t use—the civil justice system, and proposes real solutions. How will you use the grant? BY LAURA DEMANSKI, AM’94 First, on knowledge creation. The field of access-to-justice research is quite Efforts to make criminal justice in the How did this work grow out small right now. We can grow it by United States more equitable may be of your sociology dissertation encouraging early-career scholars to more often in the news, but access to on lawyers’ careers? think about how their work connects to civil justice poses its own challenges. it and by bringing consumers and pro- Rebecca Sandefur, AM’97, PhD’01, is on I got interested in how lawyers are this ducers together so this knowledge gets it. In a 2011 project Sandefur mapped strangely private gatekeeper between in the hands of people who can use it. civil legal aid services throughout the you and your public justice system. And demonstration projects: taking country, revealing vastly uneven re- Anybody can use the education sys- a solution we’re pretty confident will sources from state to state. Her 2014 tem without assistance. But the justice work to scale, and showing that a juris- Clockwise from top left: UChicago News; photography by Jean Lachat; UChicago UChicago Lachat; Jean by photography News; UChicago left: top from Clockwise study of the public’s experiences with system becomes so complicated and diction can be convinced to do it. I’m Athletics/Diamond Photography; UChicago News; photography by John Zich civil justice showed many reasons—not inward looking that you really need to working on identifying those jurisdic- only cost—why lower-income Ameri- go to someone else and pay them money. tions and the bundle of solutions. cans don’t seek lawyers’ help with landlord or employer disputes, debt What has surprised you in How did UChicago influence you? collection, and other noncriminal legal your work on civil justice? situations they face. To the extent that my work has its pow- Today Sandefur is building on One surprise was about the belief most er, it’s because at Chicago you learned that work by identifying procedural of us have that if you have legal exper- to deeply conceptualize what you were changes that can minimize the need tise involved then your outcomes will doing so that it connected to a solid in- for legal assistance and viable alterna- always be better. That’s false. Then, tellectual patrimony. That helped you tives, such as New York City’s court since we believe lawyers are this won- know what you were saying and what navigators and Washington State’s derful thing to have, why don’t more it meant. The rigor we were required “junior varsity lawyers.” Recog- people have them? It must be because to develop made me ask different ques- nized last fall with a $625,000 Mac- they’re out of reach. But in fact most tions in this work than I would have if I Arthur Fellowship, Sandefur is associ- people aren’t thinking about their hadn’t been trained that way. ◆ ate professor of sociology and law at the civil justice problems as legal prob- University of Illinois at Urbana-Cham- lems. That was very surprising to me. paign. This interview has been edited It opens up a whole bunch of new ways TO READ THE FULL Q&A, VISIT MAG.UCHICAGO.EDU/SANDEFUR. Illustration by John Jay Cabuay and condensed. of approaching these problems.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 25

UChicago Journal_v13.indd 25 1/29/19 3:26 PM MARKETPLACE OF IDEAS

FREE SPEECH LAW AT 100

n 1919 the Supreme Court decided the world. Strauss and Stone discussed The Wall Street Journal disagreed with Schenck v. United States, its first our free speech moment at the Seminary the New York Times, and the Nation dis- decision on the First Amendment. Co-op in January. This extract from agreed with the National Review, but The court’s unanimous ruling their conversation has been edited and they all more or less were responsible in the wartime case allowed the condensed.—L. D. about the ways in which they charac- punishment of socialist Charles terized and reported the facts. T. Schenck for distributing pam- STRAUSS Lots of times when people With the invention of radio, Con- phlets urging men to resist the say the such-and-such century, like gress imposed the fairness doctrine, draft. Freedom of speech, wrote Oliver the American Century, they mean it’s which provided that if you got a license IWendell Holmes for the majority, could over—that this was a golden age but to operate a radio or television station, be restricted if the speech presented “a now we’re at least worried that the era you were under legal obligation to cover clear and present danger.” is coming to an end. Is either part of public affairs and public matters in a Over the next 100 years, First Amend- that what you had in mind, or what you fair and balanced way. Even though the ment law has grappled with ever-chang- think is true? fairness doctrine was repealed under ing communications technology and STONE It’s actually not what we had the Reagan administration, if you go to evolving dilemmas. In The Free Speech in mind. But there’s no doubt that we ABC, PBS, or the New York Times you

Century (Oxford University Press, are living through a period in which generally see a fairly responsible, main- Illustration byPhil Foster/Theispot 2019), edited by Law School professor many of the basic precepts of the First stream approach, even though nothing Geoffrey R. Stone, JD’71, and Columbia Amendment, as it developed over time, in the law requires them to do that. University president Lee C. Bollinger, are called into question by changes in But cable was never subject to the they and 16 scholars, including UChi- the nature of the media. fairness doctrine. You suddenly saw cago faculty members David A. Strauss, When people our age grew up, most things for the first time like MSNBC Laura Weinrib, and Tom Ginsburg, exam- Americans got their news and informa- and FOX News. And then with social ine the past and future of the free speech tion from mainstream sources that were media, we see a kind of tribalism in

doctrine in the United States and around reasonably trustworthy and reliable. which many individuals get their news Photography by Lloyd DeGrane, courtesy University of Chicago Law School

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UCH_marketplace_v1.indd 26 1/29/19 9:22 AM and information from what one would STRAUSS One kind of simplistic, almost David’s piece in the book raises an- have to say are highly unreliable, high- caricature of the First Amendment and other interesting set of issues about the ly ideological sources that lead them to the American system of free speech is current era in terms of national secu- be deeply polarized in their views, and that, yes, private parties do all kinds of rity and keeping government secrets. even in their understanding of what bad things, but the real threat comes STRAUSS My piece is about what you the real facts are. from the government. Is that fair, and do with information that the gov- The First Amendment was based do we need to change that attitude? ernment unquestionably has a right upon the notion of a free marketplace STONE The basis of all constitutional to try to keep secret—classified na- of ideas in which people would respon- rights are rights against the govern- tional security information, for ex- sibly get access to information, ideas, ment. So there’s an irony in suddenly ample. In the Pentagon Papers case, and different opinions, and be able to relying upon the government to solve Daniel Ellsberg, a private contractor debate them with one another and working for the Defense Department, come to some sensible conclusions. But handed over a stack of papers about the tribalism that we’re now seeing the origins of the Vietnam War to the raises serious questions about whether New York Times. They were classi- those basic assumptions can be carried fied. He could have been fired. The into the future. government did prosecute him, but STRAUSS One optimistic story—which the prosecution was unsuccessful for I’m not sure I subscribe to—goes some- various reasons. thing like this: We’ve accommodated The Nixon administration sued new media for the last 100 years. We GEOFFREY R. STONE the Times to try to get an injunction take some of these things for granted, against their publishing it and lost. but they were big innovations when The Supreme Court said, “No, they’re they happened. Maybe social media, entitled to publish it even though it’s too, will be something where the doc- classified information.” Now, that’s an trine, law, and our attitudes toward odd equilibrium. If the government free speech will adapt a little, but the can successfully keep it from being basics won’t change. Do you buy that? leaked, then it stays secret. But once STONE I’d like to have that degree of op- it’s leaked, it’s gone. It kind of worked, timism, but I do think, in terms of your DAVID A. STRAUSS because it was actually really hard to story, we don’t know what would have leak. Ellsberg had to smuggle physi- happened if Congress hadn’t intervened cal pieces of paper out of his job to a [with the fairness doctrine]. Should a problem in an area in which we’re friend’s photocopying machine. there be government intervention in the very suspicious of it, right? On one It also worked because the media social media world? The irony is, when hand, the fundamental concern of the then were the Times, the Washington social media came into being, govern- First Amendment is distrust of gov- Post, and the major broadcast net- ment provided a very different set of ernment. But on the other, there are works. If you wanted to reach a na- rules than we have for radio, television, circumstances where trust of govern- tional, much less global, audience, they newspapers, or anything else. ment may be better than distrust if we had to publish your stuff. And they The New York Times and ABC are are giving it very limited powers and were conscientious people; the Times liable for what they allow to be pre- monitoring to make sure they enforce spent months reviewing the Pentagon sented in their forum. In social media, those powers in an appropriate way. Papers to make sure none of the stuff Congress did the opposite. It said these The fairness doctrine, I think, was a was really damaging. Some of it, they platforms are basically intermediaries great success. Is there any way to rep- didn’t publish. that enable the individual to reach oth- licate something like that in the world You can see how the world has er individuals. Therefore, they’re not of social media? I’m very suspicious changed. You don’t have to be Ellsberg, liable. We don’t want them censoring of it. I’m not sure I could draw model who was a real insider. You just have

Illustration byPhil Foster/Theispot what individuals can say, right? You legislation that I would be comfort- to be the IT guy—and of course, that’s could be sued if you put something on able with. But I do think that, left to not fictional—and have a thumb drive. social media that defames or threatens its own devices, social media carries a Then you have the internet and it gives somebody. But Facebook and Twit- different set of dangers than radio and you the world. We need a new way of ter can’t. There’s increasing desire to television did. If you reach a situation thinking about those problems. ◆ have government intervene, and pres- where citizens are unwilling to hear sure on these platforms to screen what competing positions, then you’ve got a TO HEAR THE WHOLE CONVERSA- people can say—the exact opposite of real problem about the whole premise TION, VISIT MAG.UCHICAGO.EDU

Photography by Lloyd DeGrane, courtesy University of Chicago Law School what the original conception was. of having a First Amendment. /SPEECHCENTURY.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 27

UCH_marketplace_v1.indd 27 1/29/19 9:23 AM HISTORY

101 CITATIONS A new book looks at the history of the city of Chicago through the lens of print.

BY LAURA DEMANSKI, AM’94

s it a truth universally ac- written record to this relatively trim That hardly means the University knowledged, that a home in canon. Harris, the Preston and Sterling gets neglected. “We decided early on possession of a coffee table, Morton Professor Emeritus of History, that the creation of the University of must be in want of a coffee- clearly relished a process that felt im- Chicago was an event worth recog- table book? If so, here’s one possible and that succeeded, in the end, nizing,” Harris notes, and the team for literary-minded Chica- through sacrifice. recognized it with a breadth of texts— goans near and far to marvel The committee’s working list topped including many by UChicago faculty, at—not just the object, which out somewhere between 200 and 300 such as Robert Maynard Hutchins and is beautiful, but the feat of items. “In good democratic fashion, Mortimer J. Adler’s Great Books of the selection behind it. we voted on all of them in several Western World (W. Benton, 1952), and IChicago by the Book: 101 Publica- marathon sessions,” Harris writes. by alumni, like Sara Paretsky’s (AM’69, tions that Shaped the City and Its Image “While many quickly bit the dust, oth- MBA’77, PhD’77) novel Brush Back (G.

(2018) was published by the University ers attracted strenuous and ingenious P. Putnam’s Sons, 2015). of Chicago Press and curated by Chi- defenses. … Our textual rejections in- Other faculty and alumni contrib- cago’s Caxton Club. The society of clude dozens of titles that could easily uted reflections on some of the 101 bibliophiles, dating back to 1895, pub- have been part of our book.” books’ influence. There’s Divinity lishes occasionally on the book arts Among the fallen candidates were School professor emeritus Martin E. and mounts exhibitions with partner Edna Ferber’s So Big (more focused Marty, PhD’56, on British journal- institutions in the city. on the suburbs than the city; Double- ist and Christian activist William T. Keay. Nathan by Photo In the book’s introduction, “Listing day, Page & Co., 1924) and Thomas W. Stead’s If Christ Came to Chicago! A Chicago,” Neil Harris reveals the negoti- Goodspeed’s A History of the Univer- Plea for the Union of All Who Love in ations he and seven fellow Caxton Club sity of Chicago (more interesting to the Service of All Who Suffer (Laird members performed to narrow nearly scholars than the general reading pub- & Lee, 1894). Following a visit to the

two centuries of a major metropolis’s lic; University of Chicago Press, 1916). World’s Columbian Exposition, Stead Photo courtesy the Newberry Library Chicago.

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UCH_ChiByTheBook_v3.indd 28 1/28/19 1:47 PM including that of Catholic archbishopRosanna John Warren Ireland. weighs The famedthe poetic Minnesota vir- Nebenzahl This; mapToni from Preckwinkle If Christ Came, AB’69, to ASprelate, A the author noted, “had mosttues trouble and shortcomings at fi rst with of his Carl own Sand people,”- MAT’77; Chicago Carlo usesRotella bright, LAB’82; red and black Eng - burg’s Chicago Poems (H. Holt & Co., lish associate professor Eric Slauter; ONE-VOLUMEbut Stead believed they would come to see the need for a wider conception to single out the houses of ill repute 1916). And Paretsky pays tribute to A Steve Tomashefskyand saloons that, JD’85; populated Michael the Nine- P. of Catholicism.4 HISTORY OF A Street in Bronzeville (Harper & Broth- Wakefordteenth, PhD’14; Precinct andof Chicago’s Lynn FirstMartin A modern biographer has exposed Stead as an unscrupulous, sex- obsessed PLACE MOST ers, 1945), the first collection of poems WindsorWard,, LAB’47, along withAB’52. individuals Others who are moralist faker, but he always foundpublished ways to make by Gwendolyn headlines Brooks. as a do- gooder. cited in ownedthe captions or supported following. them. While MAROONSMeanwhile, he was HAVE disgraced by the failuresAdditional of his alumni various and start- faculty ups and es- ven- The 101William publications T. Stead’s exposéultimately aimed cho to - CALLEDtures and came HOME, to favor faddish spiritualismsayists include and the sociology occult.5 Climactically,professor sen to representclose such enterprises,Chicago encompassit turns out Andrew Abbott, AM’75, PhD’82; Dan- books andhe frequented much more. them Novels,himself. auto- traveling on the Titanic in 1912 with plans to return to Chicago, he gave up IT’S SURPRISINGLY iel Bluestone, PhD’84; history profes- biographies, scholarly books, and city his place on a lifeboat, according to eyewitnesses. Stories of his death rein- EXHAUSTIVE sor and dean of the College John W. guides are here, but also pamphlets, ANDforced MORE the image many THAN had of his generousBoyer, AM’69, spirit. TheyPhD’75; would history not have pro been- sheet music, and magazines. Each se- surprised by this last sacrifi cial actfessor if they emerita had learned Kathleen from Neils him Conzen to pursue; lection is photographed and accompa- OCCASIONALLY“the service of all who suff er.” geography professor Michael P. Conzen; nied by an essay on its significance. As SURPRISING. Perry R. Duis, AM’66, PhD’75; Paul F. a one-volume history of a place most Gehl, AM’72, PhD’76; history pro- Maroons have called home and many{ 49 } fessor Adam Green, AB’85; the late still do, it’s surprisingly exhaustive and Photo by Nathan Keay. Nathan by Photo mapped the city’s brothels and sa- Paul M. Green, AM’66, PhD’75; Ron more than occasionallyHere’s surprising. looking at loons (see above), scolded the city’s Grossman, AB’59, PhD’65; Edward C. Here we share sevenyou, of kid: the Boy publica meets- leaders for overseeing such iniquity, Hirschland, MBA’78; Ann Durkin Keat- tions through which,girl in themeets estimation pizza and called for a multidenominational ing, AM’79, PhD’84; Paul Kruty, AB’74; of Harris and his colleagues,in Claire the Scanlon’s Univer - Church of Chicago. Committee on Victoria Lautman, LAB’73; Lester Mun- sity of Chicago had a hand—and(AB’93) romantic a pen—

Photo courtesy the Newberry Library Chicago. Social Thought professor and poet son, JD’67; trustee emeritus Kenneth in shaping the historycomedy of its home Set Itcity. Up .

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 29

UCH_ChiByTheBook_v3.indd 29 1/28/19 1:48 PM Hirschland; Photo by Nathan Keay. Collection of Edward C. Hirschland; Photo by Nathan Keay. Collection of Edward C. Hirschland. C. Edward of Collection Keay. Nathan by Photo Hirschland; C. Edward of Collection Keay. Nathan by Photo Hirschland; Clockwise from top left: Photo by Nathan Keay. Courtesy of Celia Hilliard; Photo by Nathan Keay. Collection of Edward C. C. Edward of Collection Keay. Nathan by Photo Hilliard; Celia of Courtesy Keay. Nathan by Photo left: top from Clockwise

30 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UCH_ChiByTheBook_v3.indd 30 1/28/19 1:48 PM Chimes Studs Lonigan: A Trilogy

A roman à clef about the University of Chicago? Novelist and historian Bruce Hatton Boyer traces You might think of Saul Bellow’s (EX’39) Rav- James T. Farrell’s (EX’29) South Side–set novels elstein (Viking, 2000) but almost surely not of back to Huckleberry Finn and forward to the oral Robert Herrick’s Chimes (Macmillan Co., 1926). histories of Farrell’s fellow UChicago alumnus Hanna Holborn Gray finds the 93-year-old novel Studs Terkel, PhB’32, JD’34. But Studs Lonigan, of campus life during William Rainey Harper’s Boyer allows, has none of Huck’s sympathetic presidency “not even thinly disguised.” It is “a qualities. As readers we “watch with equal mea- much better novel than its reputation—or lack of sures of enjoyment and dread as the triumphant one—would suggest,” she writes. Kind to the Uni- street fighter in Young Lonigan [Vanguard Press, versity, however, it is not. Herrick taught English 1932] gives way to the lost man in The Young Man- at UChicago from 1893 to 1923, publishing his hood of Studs Lonigan [Vanguard, 1934] until final- novel three years later. The sharpness of his por- ly becoming the bitter alcoholic of Judgment Day trayal, former University president and profes- [Vanguard, 1935].” At the University Farrell drank sor emeritus of history Gray suggests, is closely in the social sciences and the perspective they tied to Herrick’s nostalgia “for the coherence and gave on his hard-edged experiences growing up ethical certainties” he associated with the East in the city. Chicago itself, Boyer suggests, is a cru- Coast, where he was born and educated. To her, cial character in the novels—“the bars, pool halls, he seems to have seen the University through the and coffee shops; the grim grayness of the South lens of industrial, striving, materialistic, ethical- Side; the oppression of religious beliefs; the street ly loose Chicago itself. “Herrick’s Chicago was corners, fights, and drunken brawls; the gangs and uneasy with elite institutions, and Herrick was early deaths; the brothels and venereal disease; the basically elitist in outlook,” she observes. dismal reality of the Great Depression.” Hirschland; Photo by Nathan Keay. Collection of Edward C. Hirschland; Photo by Nathan Keay. Collection of Edward C. Hirschland. C. Edward of Collection Keay. Nathan by Photo Hirschland; C. Edward of Collection Keay. Nathan by Photo Hirschland; Clockwise from top left: Photo by Nathan Keay. Courtesy of Celia Hilliard; Photo by Nathan Keay. Collection of Edward C. C. Edward of Collection Keay. Nathan by Photo Hilliard; Celia of Courtesy Keay. Nathan by Photo left: top from Clockwise

Touchdown! The Gang: A Study of 1,313 Gangs in Chicago In Amos Alonzo Stagg’s memoir, the already legendary coach of Chicago Maroons varsity Before Sudhir Venkatesh, AM’92, PhD’97 (Gang football—not to mention track, baseball, and bas- Leader for a Day; Penguin, 2008), and James ketball—didn’t shy from any chance to “criticize F. Short Jr., AM’49, PhD’51 (the Youth Street the very excesses that he himself had pioneered in Project; see Deaths, page 77), there was Fred- college football,” according to historian and Stagg eric Thrasher, AM 1918, PhD’26. Attending the biographer Robin Lester, MAT’66, PhD’74. Those University as a graduate student during the hey- excesses included “the use of teams as advertising day of the Chicago school of sociology, Thrasher and fundraising arms of the institutions, runaway wrote his master’s thesis on how the Boy Scouts salaries for winning coaches, rampant recruiting of served as a way to keep boys from joining street players who were academically unqualified,” and gangs. His dissertation delivered “a deep socio- more. Though, by the book’s publication in 1927, logical analysis of the gang as a unique social his last winning football season was behind him, form,” writes Northwestern sociologist Andrew Stagg remained the first celebrity coach of a sports- V. Papachristos, AM’00, PhD’07. At the heart of obsessed American century, and his account, told Thrasher’s contribution was a recognition of to and written by journalist Wesley Winans Stout, how gangs fit into the larger social order they performed accordingly. Part football history, part inhabited: they “occupied an interstitial position hagiography, Touchdown! (Longmans, Green in the city, both spatially and socially.” Thrash- & Co.) strikes Lester as the book of an icon who er’s book, Papachristos emphasizes, continues “sensed his sun was setting.” In 1932 Robert May- to inform and energize scholars of this social nard Hutchins declined to renew Stagg’s contract. form 90 years later.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 31

UCH_ChiByTheBook_v3.indd 31 1/30/19 5:21 PM tunes of low- skilled workers and the growing suburbanization of jobs, which This pathbreaking study of black aggravated employment conditions in inner- city ghettos such as Bronzeville. life in America as lived on Chicago’s The second was changes in the class, racial, and demographic composition South Side from the nineteenth into the mid- twentieth centuries is of Bronzeville and other like areas, which experienced a higher concentra- perhaps the best example of the way tion of poor and jobless individuals following the steady migration of more tunes of low- skilled workers and the growing suburbanization of jobs, which Thisthe pathbreaking city has studyserved of black as “a laboratory,” advantaged families to other neighborhoods in the city and to the surrounding aggravated employment conditions in inner- city ghettos such as Bronzeville. life asin America William as Juliuslived on WilsonChicago’s calls it, for suburbs. The decliningThe second presence was changes of working- in the class, and racial, mid anddle- demographic class African composition Amer- Southunderstanding Side from the nineteenth the forces that have into the mid- twentieth centuries is icans deprived communitiesof Bronzeville suchand other as Bronzevillelike areas, which of experienced key resources, a higher including concentra- shaped change in America’s inner cit- perhaps the best example of the way ies. Shown here are two charts from residents with incomestion of poorsufficient and jobless to individuals sustain followingneighborhood the steady services. migration of more the city has served as “a laboratory,” the book related to work. Thus one of theadvantaged many values families of to Blackother neighborhoods Metropolis in is the that city and it provides to the surrounding a his- as William Julius Wilson calls it, for suburbs. The declining presence of working- and middle- class African Amer- understanding the forces that have torical base for understanding the dynamic changes that have occurred in icans deprived communities such as Bronzeville of key resources, including shaped change in America’s inner cit- Chicago’s inner- ciresidentsty neighborhoods. with incomes sufficient Current to urban sustain scholarsneighborhood rely services. on Drake ies. Shown here are two charts from the book related to work. and Cayton’s comprehensive,Thus one of empiricallythe many values based of Black descriptions Metropolis is that of it life provides in these a his- residential areas priortorical to base 1945 for to understanding highlight the the profounddynamic changes transformations that have occurred that in have taken place inChicago’s them since inner- then. city neighborhoods. This is a major Current reason urban why scholars Black rely Metrop on Drake- and Cayton’s comprehensive, empirically based descriptions of life in these olis, which remains in print with a 2015 edition,2 continues to be a widely cited residential areas prior to 1945 to highlight the profound transformations that and important studyhave of taken urban place neighborhoods. in them since then. This is a major reason why Black Metrop- olis, which remains in print with a 2015 edition,2 continues to be a widely cited and important study of urban neighborhoods.

{ 145 }

{ 145 }

Black Metropolis

By the mid-20th century, writes former UChicago faculty member William Julius Wilson, the Chicago school of ur- I SAT AT THE LARGEST ban sociology “had popularized the view that immigrant DESK IN OUR HOME WITH slums and the social problems that characterized them THE DICTIONARY ON were temporary conditions in a cycle of inevitable prog-

ress.” That school of thinking expected the same to occur ONE SIDE AND FOWLER’S Library. Public Chicago Keay. Nathan by Photos in African American neighborhoods. But this expectation DICTIONARY OF [MODERN] got “a fundamental revision” with the publication of Black Metropolis: A Study of Negro Life in a Northern City (Har- ENGLISH USAGE ON THE court, Brace and Company, 1945) by St. Clair Drake, PhD’54, OTHER. and Horace R. Cayton, EX’33. The African American soci- ologists examined Chicago’s Bronzeville neighborhood and found, in contrast to the Chicago school, a stubborn color line “that effectively blocked occupational, residential, and social mobility” for the neighborhood’s minority residents. Their study, which included the charts shown here, remains

in print and is frequently cited by urban scholars. Charles Deering McCormick Library of Special Collections, NorthwesternUniversity Libraries; Photo by Nathan Keay. Collection of Edward C. Hirschland.

32 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UCH_ChiByTheBook_v3.indd 32 1/30/19 5:22 PM tunes of low- skilled workers and the growing suburbanization of jobs, which This pathbreaking study of black aggravated employment conditions in inner- city ghettos such as Bronzeville. life in America as lived on Chicago’s The second was changes in the class, racial, and demographic composition South Side from the nineteenth into the mid-tw entieth centuries is of Bronzeville and other like areas, which experienced a higher concentra- perhaps the best example of the way tion of poor and jobless individuals following the steady migration of more the city has served as “a laboratory,” advantaged families to other neighborhoods in the city and to the surrounding as William Julius Wilson calls it, for suburbs. The declining presence of working- and middle- class African Amer- understanding the forces that have icans deprived communities such as Bronzeville of key resources, including shaped change in America’s inner cit- residents with incomes sufficient to sustain neighborhood services. ies. Shown here are two charts from the book related to work. Thus one of the many values of Black Metropolis is that it provides a his- torical base for understanding the dynamic changes that have occurred in Chicago’s inner- city neighborhoods. Current urban scholars rely on Drake and Cayton’s comprehensive, empirically based descriptions of life in these residential areas prior to 1945 to highlight the profound transformations that have taken place in them since then. This is a major reason why Black Metrop- olis, which remains in print with a 2015 edition,2 continues to be a widely cited and important study of urban neighborhoods.

{ 145 }

Atoms in the Family

Special Collections director and University archivist Dan- Days and Nights iel Meyer, AM’75, PhD’94, writes that Laura Fermi was at the Second City approached by the University of Chicago Press with an invitation to write a biography of her married life, with “The evolution of the Second City,” writes Kelly Leonard, the ambition to “broaden public understanding of nuclear “is a journey through the cultural zeitgeist of a city and a scientists and their work.” Laura, who was born in Rome nation.” Bernard Sahlins, AB’43, launched that journey in and lived there until 1938, wasn’t sure of her English. She 1959 when he cofounded a modest cabaret theater with Paul

Photos by Nathan Keay. Chicago Public Library. Public Chicago Keay. Nathan by Photos agreed, but found that “the actual writing was painful,” Sills, AB’51, and Howard Alk. In the beginning they were Meyer quotes from her papers in the Special Collections joined by UChicago alumni Ed Asner, EX’48, and Mike Nich- Research Center. “I sat at the largest desk in our home with ols, EX’53, along with Nichols’s frequent partner in comedy, the dictionary on one side and Fowler’s Dictionary of [Mod- Elaine May. A later generation of Second City performers ern] English Usage on the other.” The result of her labors are better known from their careers in TV sketch comedy: was Atoms in the Family: My Life with Enrico Fermi. Shortly John Belushi, Bill Murray, Gilda Radner, Harold Ramis. before its October 1954 publication date, Enrico Fermi was These names and more show up in Sahlins’s 2001 memoir, diagnosed with cancer; he died that November, only 53 Days and Nights at the Second City: A Memoir, with Notes on years old. Laura, who lived until 1977, went on to publish Staging Review Theatre (Ivan R. Dee). Included is a kind of five more books in English, including Mussolini (University primer for review comedy aspirants—what Leonard, Sec- of Chicago Press, 1961; see page 61) and The Story of Atomic ond City’s director of insights and implied improvisation,

Charles Deering McCormick Library of Special Collections, NorthwesternUniversity Libraries; Photo by Nathan Keay. Collection of Edward C. Hirschland. Energy (Random House, 1961). calls “a template for what is funny and what is true.” ◆

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 33

UCH_ChiByTheBook_v3.indd 33 1/28/19 1:49 PM GLOBAL ENGAGEMENT THE VIEW FROM THE TREE HOUSE OF KNOWLEDGE With the opening of a campus in Hong Kong, the University begins a new era of intellectual partnership.

BY SUSIE ALLEN, AB’09

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UCH_Hong Kong_v6.indd 35 1/29/19 4:06 PM hen Ka Yee Lee On November 30, those gates opened for good at the rib- bon-cutting ceremony for The Hong Kong Jockey Club Uni- was growing up, versity of Chicago Academic Complex | The University of Chicago Francis and Rose Yuen Campus in Hong Kong. The her mother taught celebration continued with a gala dinner later that night, a at a girls’ school December 1 academic conference, and a December 2 open house for alumni and the public. W What was once a military depot and a police detention on Mount Davis, a peak on center is now UChicago’s largest foothold in Asia. In a nice Hong Kong Island’s west- bit of full circularity, Lee, a professor in chemistry and vice provost for research, chairs the new campus’s faculty advi- ern edge. On trips to and sory board—making her responsible for shaping the future of a place she remembers so well from her past. from her mom’s workplace, She’s gotten to witness the transformation of 168 Victoria she would pass a complex Road up close. The process began in 2013, when the govern- ment of Hong Kong granted the land to UChicago for rede- of buildings enclosed by a velopment. The next five years saw a whirlwind of architect selection, historic preservation planning, and construction. (A white barbed-wire-topped literal whirlwind, the deadly Typhoon Mangkhut, made land- fall in Hong Kong less than three months before the campus’s wall. “I never knew what grand opening but didn’t cause the buildings any damage. At the ribbon cutting, University trustee Francis Yuen, AB’75, was inside the site,” she commended the architect and builders for creating a structure recalls, “because the gates that could survive “the toughest possible endurance test.”) Today the campus boasts renovated historic buildings

were always closed.” and a new 44,000-square-foot structure designed by the News UChicago 34–37: Pages

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UCH_Hong Kong_v8.indd 36 1/30/19 4:43 PM The centerpiece of architect Bing Thom’s design, around which both new and historic elements revolve, is what he called the “tree of knowledge.”

late Bing Thom. There’s a small museum devoted to the For Eddie Lau, AB’02, the president of the Alumni Club of site’s history, the remnants of a British gun emplacement, Hong Kong, the start of this new era means many things: He’s and public walking paths. “It’s just breathtaking to see it,” excited to take a financial mathematics course and to host says Lee. events and guests at the new campus (he’s already invited As the new campus came to life, the University’s pres- the alumni club of nearby Shenzhen, China, to visit). It also ence in Hong Kong began its own transformation. Chi- means that his phone has been lighting up all weekend. He’s cago Booth’s Executive MBA Program in Asia relocated gotten text after text from friends asking if they can come there from Singapore, and the College by the center. “Suddenly, we’ve become launched a new Study Abroad program so hot,” Lau says. It’s a pleasant change focused on the history and legacy of IT’S THE from the old days when he had to call colonization in the region. An eco- alumni club members to remind them nomics-focused Study Abroad option LANDMARK THAT about events. “We used to beg you guys for undergraduates will begin in 2020. MAKES PEOPLE to show up!” Those programs will anchor the PROUD. He’s joking, but Lau thinks there real- new campus, along with the Hong ly is something powerful about having a Kong Jockey Club Programme on So- permanent physical presence in the city. cial Innovation, supported by Chicago Booth’s Rustandy “It’s the landmark that makes people proud,” he says. That Center for Social Sector Innovation. The program provides may explain why, all weekend long, the most popular spot for scholarships and professional development opportunities group photos and selfies wasn’t the courtyard overlooking the for Hong Kong nonprofit leaders. South China Sea—it was the University of Chicago sign. “This is the beginning of a new era of collaboration and But the campus isn’t just a landmark. By December 4, two intellectual partnership between the University of Chicago, days after the grand opening celebration wrapped up, it’s the people of Hong Kong, and China more broadly,” Univer- back to business. Students from a Chicago Booth training sity president Robert J. Zimmer said at the ribbon cutting. program aimed at social entrepreneurs, Global Launchpad: Hong Kong’s chief executive, Carrie Lam, also spoke at the Positioning Your Startup for Scalability and Sustainable Im- event and echoed that sentiment, predicting that the new pact, fill one of the downstairs classrooms. Upstairs, Univer- campus “will surely be a win-win” for the University and sity Professor of history Kenneth Pomeranz has snagged an Hong Kong. “This, I think, will bring many benefits to the empty office to catch up on work. city as a leading higher education hub,” agreed Anthony There’s lots of space for faculty members whose research Chow, chairman of the Hong Kong Jockey Club. might bring them to Hong Kong for extended periods—people

The ribbon cutting at the November 30 opening of The Hong Kong Jockey Club University of Chicago Academic Complex | The Uni-

Pages 34–37: UChicago News UChicago 34–37: Pages versity of Chicago Francis and Rose Yuen Campus in Hong Kong.

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UCH_Hong Kong_v8.indd 37 1/30/19 6:04 PM such as Robert Chaskin, AM’90, PhD’96, McCormick Founda- “If you name a study, we’ve done it,” says Gavin Tun, the tion Professor at the School of Social Service Administration, campus’s executive project director. He rattles off a list: who’s gone back and forth to Hong Kong to support a student traffic assessment studies, environmental impact assess- exchange program with Hong Kong Polytechnic University. ment, visual impact assessment, structural assessment, The student lounges are quiet for the moment, but that hazardous materials assessment. (At one point the project will all change in early January when the Executive MBA team learned that a protected species of bat was living in Program starts back up again. For the EMBA students, and tunnels on the site. That led to, yes, a bat assessment. “The the next cohort of College Study Abroad students, the cam- Bat Man came and we consulted with him,” Tun says.) pus provides a home away from home. All in all, not a simple site to build on. That’s what made Even before they had a permanent base, former Study Hong Kong–born, Vancouver-based architect Bing Thom’s Abroad students say they liked the constant scholarly in- vision so appealing. Adapting a phrase from Australia’s Ab- spiration of Hong Kong. Khoa Phan, Class of 2019, spent original people, Thom said he wanted to “touch the earth spring quarter of 2017 participating in the program about lightly” with a minimally invasive design. At an architec- colonization. The history he learned in the classroom was ture-focused panel discussion on December 2, Thom’s col- mirrored in everything, down to the food league Venelin Kokalov recalled, “We and the street names. He could “feel these started with the idea, ‘How can we make multiple layers of historical change and WE STARTED this building invisible?’” interaction.” Jerónimo Martínez, Class of Invisibility meant lots of glass on the 2019, who took side trips to South Korea, WITH THE exterior, so the building would reflect the Vietnam, and Cambodia, appreciated the IDEA, ‘HOW surrounding vegetation and not upstage gateway to Asia that Hong Kong provided. the bright white historic structures. For Lee, that’s exactly what the cam- CAN WE MAKE “Touching the earth lightly” necessitated pus, and the University’s partnership THIS BUILDING an unusual form for the building: Thom with Hong Kong, is meant to do: open the INVISIBLE?’ proposed putting it on concrete stilts, door to all of Asia. “The center is stationed called piles, so it would “float” above in Hong Kong, but it doesn’t serve solely Block A, Block B, and the tree line—a con- Hong Kong,” she says. It’s a gateway to southern China’s cept he called “the tree house of knowledge.” rapidly developing Guangdong Province and to Taiwan, From the entrance, the building and its front courtyard Japan, and Singapore. With the Hong Kong campus join- appear to be sitting on flat ground. The illusion only be- ing centers in Beijing and Delhi (which opened in 2010 and comes apparent when you walk to the back and see the 2014, respectively), there’s a University presence in three of massive soaring piles supporting the structure. Visitors Asia’s most important metropolises. arriving from the front entrance often ask, “What was Lau says he and other alumni he knows are thrilled to here before?”

have a little of Hyde Park in Hong Kong. “For the alums who The answer? Nothing. The new building disguises geo- Sarthe Gallery Luk/de Andrew Courtesy visited yesterday, they said to me, ‘This is like a library for graphic reality. The mountain slopes from Victoria Road to me. I feel like I’m in a library and am keen to pick up books the sea. to learn again.’” Inside, the campus’s new and historic structures connect through a mazelike set of hallways, doorways, and eleva- tors. The soft lines of Thom’s design give way suddenly to hen Francis Yuen described the Mount Davis site the sharp angles of Block A and Block B. Classrooms, group as “architecturally challenging,” he wasn’t exag- study rooms, and student lounges are arranged throughout W gerating. In addition to the usual difficulties of the old and new spaces (all audiovisually equipped, with building on a hillside, the project team had to contend with easy-to-move furniture for flexibility). “It’s meant to flow,” complicated historical and environmental considerations. Tun explains. The site was home to 500 trees (and their associated The focal point of the site is a large Delonix regia. The fauna) and several heritage structures, including buildings flowering tree, which bursts into flame-red blooms each known in the detention center era as Block A and Block B. spring, is known in China as a “phoenix tree.” From the first These were important to preserve for historical reasons but time he saw it in 2013, Thom knew the “tree of knowledge,” badly needed maintenance and modernization. as he called it, was essential to his design.

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UCH_Hong Kong_v8.indd 38 1/30/19 4:43 PM TREE HOUSE/ART HOUSE

A carefully curated collection puts art and architecture in conversation.

veryone sees something dif- nine months identifying the 66-7A (1966), which explores ally interesting play of abstrac- ferent in Harvest No. 1: it’s a artists and works they wanted information overload. tion and indexing the physical E sunset, a field, a ripped mat- to include. The building’s design, with space and its history,” Cacchi- tress pad. The 2014 piece by art- They looked for both estab- its undulating silhouette, guid- one says. ist Liu Wei, made of foam, wood, lished and emerging artists ed their choices. Cacchione In addition to the permanent and canvas, is one of 16 pieces of from across the region—not liked Haegue Yang’s colorful collection, the campus has two contemporary art installed in just Hong Kong, but also main- geometric installation Dress spaces for rotating exhibitions. The Hong Kong Jockey Club land China, Japan, and South Vehicle – Bulky Lacoste Birdy World War II–era Chinese wood- University of Chicago Academ- Asia. They wanted the works (2011), because she thought cuts from the collection of Pa- ic Complex | The University of “to reflect aspects of the Uni- “the contrast of hard and soft tricia Ebrey, AB’68, and Thomas Chicago Francis and Rose Yuen versity of Chicago and our lines would be engaging.” Ebrey, SM’65, PhD’68 (curated Campus in Hong Kong. commitment to rigorous in- Andrew Luk’s 2018 piece by Josh Yiu, AB’00, and An- The collection was hand- quiry, and the business school,” Chronicle Compression (above) die Fialkoff, Class of 2019), are picked by Orianna Cacchione, Cacchione says. That led them took inspiration directly from on view through March 31, as a curator at the Smart Museum, to Xu Qu’s Currency Wars – Ar- the campus. Luk spent three is a display about the literary and Canice Prendergast, the gentina Peso 10 New (2015), an days making rubbings of ar- translations of Chinese mas- W. Allen Wallis Distinguished abstraction based on banknote chitectural elements from the terworks undertaken by UChi- Service Professor of Economics watermarks from around the heritage buildings, including cago professors David Tod Roy at Chicago Booth. Cacchione world, and Kimiyo Mishima’s the wrought-iron insignia of (1933–2016) and Anthony C. Yu,

Courtesy Andrew Luk/de Sarthe Gallery Luk/de Andrew Courtesy and Prendergast spent about magazine-based collage Work the Royal Engineers. “It’s a re- PhD’69 (1938–2015).

That put some pressure on the project team. Again and October 2016, just a few months after the campus’s ground- again, Thom asked for reassurance that the tree was in breaking ceremony, shocked everyone. good health. “For almost every one of our update calls, Tributes to Thom were woven throughout the grand open- Gavin [Tun] would begin by telling us the tree was still ing celebration. Kokalov talked of carrying forward his men- alive,” UChicago executive vice president David Fithian tor’s mission to create “buildings that touch people’s hearts.” recalled at a December 2 panel. Tun, standing inside Block A, smiled as he described the in- Everyone worried about the Delonix regia, but no one evitable push and pull between architect and client: “He was worried about Thom. The energetic 75-year-old architect a visionary. He wanted the best, so he would push for things.” swam every day, practiced yoga, and meditated. “We were For Fithian, the campus itself is an enduring tribute to Thom. trying to keep up with him,” Tun says. His sudden death in “This was a labor of love. … [He] would be deservedly proud.”

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UCH_Hong Kong_v8.indd 39 1/30/19 4:44 PM itty Chong grins. “It’s show time!” she says to a par- Gorman-Smith, the Emily Klein Gidwitz Professor and dean of ticipant in one of the weekend’s seven panel discus- the School of Social Service Administration, describes SSA’s K sions—four on December 1, three on December 2. collaborative effort to advance social work in China. She’s Chong, the campus’s senior director, stands by the honor especially interested in how social workers can help China’s guard of flower arrangements flanking the building’s lobby rural “left-behind children,” whose parents have migrated to (gifts from friends of Yuen and his wife, Rose). The scent cities for factory work. Stacy Tessler Lindau, AM’02, professor of star lilies wafts down the corridor to a large auditori- of obstetrics and gynecology and geriatrics, explains how a um space, where guests sip coffee and tea as they wait for stronger sense of community can improve health. the discussions to begin. Each topic highlights one of the Michael Greenstone, LAB’87, the Milton Friedman Dis- themes of the campus’s programming: art and culture; sci- tinguished Service Professor in the Kenneth C. Griffin De- ence and health; economics and policy. partment of Economics, also focuses on health in his panel Moderator Haun Saussy, University Professor of compara- discussion on data science. He cites his research on air qual- tive literature, kicks off the December 1 panels. He dispenses ity in China, which shows that pollution in some areas re- with lengthy introductions (today, it’s titles only) and goes duces life expectancy by as much as three years—a statistic straight to the topic at hand—migration, immigration, and that draws murmurs from the audience. Michael Franklin, cultural change in Chicago and Hong Kong. His fellow panel- Liew Family Chair of Computer Science, talks about the ists approach the subject in different ways, exploring how po- emergence of data science as a field, and Yu-Hsing Wang etry, Cantonese opera, and a classic work of sociology—Paul of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology C. P. Siu’s (AB’36, PhD’53) The Chinese Laundryman: A Study shares his work using big data to detect landslides before of Social Isolation (New York University Press, 1987)—were they happen. shaped by contact between Chicago and Hong Kong. Later that afternoon, at a conversation on the future of finance, the moderator introductions have become even less formal. “They are all brilliant,” says Univer- sity of Hong Kong econom- ics professor Y. C. Richard Wong, AB’74, AM’74, PhD’81. (“Thank you for this very effective introduction,” re- plies Luigi Zingales, Chicago Booth’s Robert C. McCor- mack Distinguished Service Professor of Entrepreneur- ship and Finance.) Over 90 minutes, Wong, Zingales, Booth professor of finance Zhiguo He, and fellow panel- ists fly through a history of credit and an examination of fintech policy in China, Hong Kong, and South Korea. UChicago NewsUChicago Another group talks about how Hong Kong and Chica- go can partner to solve urban Chemist Ka Yee Lee, shown here in The Hong Kong Jockey Club University of Chicago Heritage social problems. Deborah Courtyard and Interpretation Centre, chairs the new campus’s faculty advisory board.

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UCH_Hong Kong_v8.indd 40 1/30/19 4:44 PM Toward the end of the conversation, a good-natured de- or wall can be spotted in Ang Lee’s 2007 film Lust, Caution.) bate breaks out, pitting Michael against Michael: Greenstone The University’s involvement began in 2013. thinks you should have a specific question in mind when you Each era is explored in the Heritage Interpretation Cen- collect broad-based data, but Franklin isn’t so sure. tre, located in the renovated annex of Block B. The mu- The group may be divided on questions of data collection, seum includes original architectural elements from the but they are united on another front: “We’re competing for Victoria Road Detention Centre (VRDC), as well as pho- best dressed panel,” says the besuited Franklin. “Please vote tos, documents, video interviews, and ephemera. About for us at the end.” 25 UChicago alumni are now trained to give tours of the interpretation center, which is open to the public. These volunteer docents were out in full force on December 2, itting on a bench overlooking the South China Sea, sporting UChicago T-shirts as they offered tours in both Eddie Lau embarks on a mini course on Hong Kong English and Cantonese. S history. This body of water, he explains, is part of The research team talked to as many people with direct why Hong Kong became a British colony—because it offered experience of the site as they could, including three political a valuable trading route. detainees held in the VRDC in the 1960s during an era of Then Lau catches himself, realizing that he’d planned to talk pro-Communist, anticolonialist unrest in Hong Kong. Al- about Hong Kong’s alumni community, roughly 800 strong. though the VRDC was not a prison, some people remained “Sorry,” he says. “This isn’t really part of the discussion.” in temporary police custody there for nearly two years. The past is present at 168 Victoria Road, and it can be Former detainees give mixed reports about conditions hard to resist its pull. Signs of the campus’s history are ev- at the VRDC, also known as “the White House” and “the erywhere: the massive gun emplacement, the wrought iron zoo.” They were not beaten or starved, they say, but the cells “RE” for “Royal Engineers” in one of the building’s gates, were minuscule and primitive—“it wasn’t Guantanamo Bay, the barred doors of the detention center’s reception area in it wasn’t the gulag, but it wasn’t good,” Pomeranz said at a the Block B annex. December 2 panel on the site’s history. Preserving and interpreting the campus’s history was In converting parts of Block B into classrooms and stu- an important part of the University’s mandate when it was dent lounges, the project team tried not to erase remnants granted this parcel of land from the of the detention center. The original Hong Kong government. Some eras, concrete floors couldn’t be preserved, such as the military and detention THAT’S WHY WE but the architects found a vinyl ma- center years, were relatively well doc- terial that looked similar, and even umented and apparent from the physi- KEEP CERTAIN recreated the distressed marks left by cal traces they left behind. Others took PLACES, cell walls, “so at least the docent can more time to piece together. Many new tell the story,” Tun says. One Block stories began to surface as well. BECAUSE THEY B classroom features an original cell A team of historians and conserva- TELL US SO door, including the slot through which tors, led by historian Pomeranz, was MUCH ABOUT detainees received food. tasked with uncovering and honing It’s a complex and sometimes un- those stories. (Lee, a chemist, pitched OURSELVES. comfortable history, but “that’s why in too, even though “the last time I we keep certain places, because they took history was when I was in eighth grade.”) Their re- tell us so much about ourselves,” Hong Kong University search took them to archives and museums in Asia and conservator Lynne DiStefano said at a December 2 panel across Europe. discussion. “This particular site is an incredible educa- The team ultimately grouped the site’s history into six tional resource that can talk to us about important themes eras. The first three span 1900 to 1961, when the campus in life today.” was home to British military forces. Beginning in the 1940s, The speakers titled their discussion “From Citadel UChicago NewsUChicago it also housed groups of squatters and refugees. In 1961 it to Campus.” That phrase, in Pomeranz’s view, captures was turned over to the Hong Kong police and used as a de- the site’s history and reflects optimism about its future— tention center and safe house. (After the police left in 1997, because, he said, “a movement from citadel to campus is also the site occasionally served as a movie location—the exteri- a movement from fear to hope.” ◆

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UCH_Hong Kong_v8.indd 41 1/30/19 4:47 PM LETTERS

LAW

LEGAL LIGHT

Soia Mentschikoff (1915–1984) reformed how the United States does business and led the way for later generations of women in law.

BY JASON KELLY

hen Soia Mentschikoff entered a room, an at- the US legal and economic landscape through the promul- mospheric change swept in with her. gation of a doctrine that has become a fundamental basis of “You had to experience this to understand it,” doing business. former University of Miami president Edward Published in 1952, the code had nine complex articles T. Foote II wrote in tribute to Mentschikoff af- covering subjects such as sales, leases, and investment se- ter her 1984 death from cancer at age 69. “Sud- curities, and a single purpose: to create a universal legal denly, there was an excitement. People looked framework governing commercial transactions across state

at her, the pace of the conversation quickened, lines, easing the sale and delivery of goods and services. At The Chicago Maroon. 2019, Copyright things in that room became strangely more interesting.” the time, the widespread adoption by state legislatures was WStrangely, it seems, because Mentschikoff’s muted bear- no foregone conclusion. Powerful interests resisted. Em- ing belied her radiating charisma. To be sure, she cultivated mett F. Smith, Chase National Bank’s lead counsel, argued and exercised authority, first as a practicing Wall Street that the code would create confusion by uniting unrelated lawyer, then during two decades on the University of Chica- issues under a single rubric and put years of knowledge go faculty, and later as the University of Miami Law School among industry veterans to waste as they adapted to sweep- dean. Students at Miami called Mentschikoff, born in Rus- ing new regulations. sia to American parents, “the tsarina.” The late Columbia Together with her husband, Karl Llewellyn, Mentschi-

University law professor E. Allan Farnsworth listed a litany koff was among the code’s primary drafters—and, later, de- Permission. with Reprinted reserved. rights All of parallels between her and Catherine the Great: “intel- fenders. They had met in the 1930s at Columbia University, ligence, intellectual curiosity, self-assurance, elemental where Llewellyn was a professor and Mentschikoff a law energy, personal magnetism, a tendency toward autocracy, student who, after becoming the first female partner in a and—perhaps most of all—an urge to reform.” Wall Street law firm, would join the legal academy as the She made that regal impression without ostentatious dis- first woman to teach at Harvard Law School. plays of strength, building a reputation on the substance, In 1951 they were recruited together to teach at the Uni- direct and sometimes barbed, of her words. “Her candor,” versity of Chicago Law School. Llewellyn, so influential that Foote said, “shocked all the more for being so gently said.” he would become one of the 20 most-cited legal scholars of Her gentle voice carried the force of law. With a leading the 20th century, was appointed professor. Mentschikoff was role in the development of the Uniform Commercial Code, hired as a “professorial lecturer,” a bit of title finagling from for example, Mentschikoff exerted enduring influence over Dean Edward H. Levi, LAB’28, PhB’32, JD’35, to evade an

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UCH_Legacy_Mentschikoff_v2.indd 42 1/29/19 4:10 PM Both Harvard and the University of Chicago count Soia Mentschikoff as the first woman to join their law schools’ respective faculties.

antinepotism policy. Despite her ostensibly lesser rank, “Ment- They loved her in return, not because of any “magic in the schikoff was still treated as a full, tenured faculty member,” classroom,” Wiseman writes, but for Mentschikoff’s pro- according to Zipporah Batshaw Wiseman in Women in Law: fessional example, generous counsel, and genuine concern A Bio-Bibliographical Sourcebook (Greenwood Press, 1996). that fostered relationships that lasted long past graduation. Upon her arrival, in fact, Levi gilded the lily with the boast The late Richard G. Huber, a student at Harvard in the late that he had appointed the first female full professor at a major 1940s who went on to become dean of the Boston College law school—despite the fact that Mentschikoff would not hold Law School and remained a lifelong friend, remembered that title until Llewellyn’s death in 1962. how “she charmed us all … with her interest in us, in what Her status in the legal community needed no more bur- we were doing, and by her thoughtfulness.” nishing than her husband’s. After the publication of the At Chicago, Mentschikoff and Llewellyn made their Uniform Commercial Code, the couple remained in the home a bustling gathering place. The couple lived in grand spotlight as they lobbied state regulators and lawmakers style, having waved away the idea of an eight-room house on its merits. that had been scouted before their arrival in favor of a Ken- In 1954 New York’s Law Revision Commission held bell- wood mansion about three times that size. wether hearings. Without New York, the epicenter of US With Mentschikoff’s parents also living there, along with commerce, the code’s impact would be diluted to the point two nieces whom she raised, two cats, a miniature poodle of insignificance. Mentschikoff’s testimony parried op- named Happy, and friends always coming and going, they position from Wall Street titans with needed the room. She relished being a a fencer’s deftness. The arguments of host at the convivial intellectual salons big banks, she said at the hearing, sug- It is a good thing they held—and, often, the distributor gested corporate practices that were of chores to those in attendance. “At “conditioned not on the reality of case for our society any one time,” Levi said, “one might or statutory law, but upon a never-nev- that she doesn’t see a federal judge pushing her car out er land of imagined law.” of the snow; or a visiting theologian Llewellyn returned from the pro- want to sell walking her dog; or a busy trial law- ceedings puffed up with pride at his anything. yer, whose time could have bought the wife’s performance. “Karl could talk of whole block, feeding her cats.” nothing other than how ‘The Mentsch- Mentschikoff’s feats of delegation ikoff’ had stood toe-to-toe against a phalanx of Wall Street paled next to her own acts of dedication. As dean at Miami,

Copyright 2019, The Chicago Maroon. 2019, Copyright lawyers whose clients, the big banks, opposed much of the she could be found cleaning the student lounge to prepare the U.C.C. and how she had bested them all,” remembered Alan space for registration. Before a conference on the legal dimen- C. Swan, JD’57, a student in Llewellyn’s Elements of the Law sions of the Iran hostage crisis, Swan recalled, she summoned course at the time. Aside from minor state-level modifica- her former student, whom she had recruited to Miami as a tions, every state ultimately adopted the code, with only Lou- professor years earlier, for what became a two-hour discus- isiana having failed to enact all of its articles, an achievement sion of the issues combined with a detailed logistical spit and that owes much to Mentschikoff’s early advocacy. polish. “We pushed tables around, reset the chairs, tested the Llewellyn often gushed with admiration over her rhe- microphones, called in the painters, scouted for potted palms.” torical prowess. Before the couple joined the UChicago fac- During her eight-year tenure, Mentschikoff’s main

All rights reserved. Reprinted with Permission. with Reprinted reserved. rights All ulty, Llewellyn spoke at a conference alongside Levi, who responsibilities involved strengthening the faculty, ad- praised his address, envious of the “very special talent” he mitting a smaller but more accomplished student body, en- had displayed in engaging the audience. Llewellyn just said, hancing the law library, fundraising for new facilities—all “But you should hear Soia—my gal can sail ships.” the usual administrative ways and means. But that after- She could have sold them, too, Levi concluded after hours heavy lifting before the conference fell well within working with her for decades. “It is a good thing for our her own definition of a dean as “the guy who gets paid to society,” he said, toasting her 1982 retirement from Miami, stay and turn off the lights.” “that she doesn’t want to sell anything.” Given the trails she blazed and the intellectual currents she More than anything, Mentschikoff wanted to teach—“to generated, many people thought of Mentschikoff not as the create lawyers,” Levi said. “She loved her students,” Foote one who flipped the switch, but as the light source itself. ◆ wrote, “even when she flayed them for offering less than their best.” Jason Kelly is associate editor of Notre Dame Magazine.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 43

UCH_Legacy_Mentschikoff_v2.indd 43 1/29/19 4:11 PM PSYCHOLOGY GOAL DIGGER Want to exercise more, save money, and eat healthier? Ayelet Fishbach’s research can help.

BY SUSIE ALLEN, AB’09 ILLUSTRATIONS BY JOHN HOLCROFT

hen Ayelet Fishbach is asked focused on practical issues, recalls her doctoral what she studies, she finds adviser Yaacov Trope, now at New York Univer- it hard to narrow down sity. “She has a good eye for how things manifest the list. “I often say that in real life,” he says. I study motivation,” she Working in a business school, where applied begins. And “I’m looking research is especially valued, has allowed Fish- at patience, and how to in- bach to maintain this dual focus. Her research crease patience, and why has important implications “for health and well- patience is the key to suc- being, and happiness, even—but is still deeply cess in life. How people learn from failure and interested in the underlying mechanism,” says whyW they usually don’t.” She goes on: incentives, her former student Kaitlin Woolley, PhD’17, an as- intrinsic motivation, self-control, goal setting. sistant professor at Cornell University. What unites Fishbach’s research is a kind of Fishbach is excited by so much that she finds it hopefulness. Her work shows how we can live up hard to decide what to study next. Often she fol- to our highest aspirations. She’s written about ex- lows the trail of breadcrumbs left by her last pub- ercising, healthy eating, and saving money—the lication. This fall Fishbach published a paper that hard-but-worth-it challenges that occupy many showed that people struggling to achieve a goal of our lives. None of her findings offer magic bul- are more motivated by giving advice than receiv- lets, but they do suggest that self-improvement is ing it (see Heal Thyself, page 47). While running achievable. Hers is a happy science. those experiments, she found that some of the Fishbach, the Jeffrey Breakenridge Keller participants felt they were unqualified to coun- Professor of Behavioral Science and Marketing sel anyone else. They’d say, “Why are you asking at Chicago Booth, has always been interested in me how to lose weight? I’m obviously a failure.” what makes people tick. She grew up on a kib- But Fishbach looked at it differently. To her, it butz, where communal living gave her lots of op- seemed intuitive that struggling dieters would portunities for observation. “I feel like I was an know the most about weight loss. A hypothesis amateur social psychologist way before I knew formed: people don’t recognize the knowledge how to collect data and test my crazy or less cra- they’re gaining as they struggle. “That led to zy theories,” she says. She hasn’t stopped trying some working papers, which explore how peo- to understand human behavior: “I never found ple fail to learn from failures,” she says. “It is something more exciting to do.” really just an idea that came from another idea.” As a graduate student at Tel Aviv University, Fishbach, who came to Chicago Booth in 2002, Fishbach stood out for her ability to translate has watched her field enter a new era of public theories into creative research methodologies prominence. Social scientists were presenting

44 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UCH_Fishbach_v7.indd 44 1/29/19 1:11 PM SHE HAS A GOOD EYE FOR HOW THINGS MANIFEST IN REAL LIFE.

findings were wrong, but it suggested they need- ed a closer look. (One of Fishbach’s experiments was included; because of a lower response rate than the original study, the result was unreli- able.) To some, both inside and outside the field, the discovery signaled that psychology needed to improve its methods. Others challenged the methods of the replication effort itself. In the media, the moment was labeled a crisis. Fishbach sees it differently: “I think it’s just a lot of learning, and a lot of adjustment and devel- opment.” Along with the rest of her colleagues, she’s made changes. Today, for example, sample sizes are usually larger and calculated in advance of an experiment, “and not based on how many people we can easily get within the course of an academic quarter, which is what we used to do.” Fishbach thinks these improvements are im- portant, especially because policy makers are looking to psychology for insights as they develop interventions. “If you are going to apply any of this knowledge, you’d better have high standards for what is replicable and what are the effects.” Fishbach knows firsthand that people want their research in TED Talks, best-selling books, psychological guidance in their daily lives. She and the pages of the New York Times. Govern- started watching TV on the treadmill after she ments around the world began making policy learned that enjoyment predicts the likelihood decisions based on behavioral science. of maintaining a workout regimen, even though Then came the reckoning. Simmering discus- fun isn’t the main reason we go to the gymHere’s (see A looking at sions within the field took on new urgency af- Spoonful of Sugar, page 49). you, kid: Boy meets ter the publication of a 2015 paper in Science. It She falls short of her goals all the time, girlshe meetsad- pizza found that, of 100 influential psychology studies mits, but she’s always trying. And when herin Claire mo- Scanlon’s published in 2008, about half failed replication. tivation ebbs, her own research is there to(AB’93) point romantic This didn’t necessarily mean all of the original the way back. comedy Set It Up.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 45

UCH_Fishbach_v7.indd 45 1/29/19 1:46 PM CASE STUDIES

LIFE HACKS FROM AYELET FISHBACH’S RESEARCH

WAIT FOR IT … WAIT FOR IT … Forcing people to mull their choice upend- ed the typical preference for less now, the pair If you’ve ever endured a 90-minute wait for a found. In the first group, just 31 percent of par- restaurant table, you know that anticipation ticipants opted for $55 later over $50 sooner. That isn’t always a bad thing. It can make that waffle number rose to 56 percent in the second group. taste, somehow, all the more delicious. In a 2013 In the third group, a whopping 86 percent made Journal of Organizational Behavior and Human the ultimately prudent choice of more later. The Decision Processes study, Fishbach and former longer wait didn’t make people antsy—curiously, Chicago Booth postdoctoral scholar Xianchi Dai it actually increased their patience. outlined several benefits of delayed gratification: In a subsequent experiment involving a deci- the act of waiting not only makes us value some- sion between a lottery for basic or fancier iPod thing more, it also increases our patience and models, Fishbach and Dai pinpointed the under- improves our decision making. lying mechanism: the longer we cool our jets, the It’s a well-known psychological phenomenon more we tend to value the thing we’re waiting that many people prefer receiving $10 now to $15 for. So, patience, grasshopper—good things may later. In the battle of less now versus more later, come to those who wait. less now tends to triumph even though it’s finan- cially irrational. I SAY IT’S SPINACH, AND I SAY But what happens if you force people to delay THE HELL WITH IT! making the choice between less now and more later? To test this notion, Fishbach and Dai divid- Ah, the vegetable wars: you can cover broccoli ed their study participants into groups: The first with butter and cheese, serve it on the most en- group was told they would be entered into a lottery ticing Dora the Explorer plate, or (if you’re feeling to win either $50 in three days or $55 in 23 days. especially devious) bake it into cookies—but the The second could choose between the chance of truth is, no matter what you do, most kids don’t winning $50 in 30 days or $55 in 50 days. The want to eat it. third group could choose between $50 in 30 days It turns out that some of the problem may be or $55 in 50 days, but they weren’t allowed to in- how parents and marketers try to sell nutri- dicate their decision for 27 days—at which point tious foods to kids. When it comes to healthy their situation was identical to the first group’s. eating, you say it best when you say nothing at all, Fishbach and her coauthor Michal Maima- ran discovered in a 2014 Journal of Consumer THE ACT OF Research paper. WAITING NOT The duo conducted a study with 66 preschool- ers and a whole lot of Wheat Thins. (In an ex- ONLY MAKES US perimental pretest, eight parents agreed this VALUE SOMETHING particular snack would be palatable to kids, and that kids would believe it was healthy.) The MORE, IT ALSO children were divided into three groups. Two INCREASES OUR groups heard a story about a girl named Tara PATIENCE AND who ate Wheat Thins before going out to play. In the first version of the story, Wheat Thins IMPROVES OUR were presented as a snack that would make DECISION MAKING. Tara strong. In the second, Wheat Thins were

46 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UCH_Fishbach_v7.indd 46 1/29/19 1:11 PM Director Claire Scanlon, AB’93, says she tries to make her sets inclusive and democratic. “If I’m a jerk on set—throw- ing out commands, yelling and holler- ing—how on earth are you supposed to be funny in that scenario?” in Psychological Science with Lauren Eskreis-Winkler and Angela Duck- worth. The researchers compared the motivational effect of giving ver- sus receiving advice in several areas, including losing weight and saving money. Across these varied domains, people who gave advice experienced a greater boost in motivation than those on the receiving end. In the first experiment included in the paper, middle school students were assigned to either give advice to younger students on how to stay motivated in school or receive moti- vational advice from a teacher. In the weeks before and following the ex- periment, the students were given ac- cess to a voluntary online program for studying vocabulary. The researchers described as “yummy.” In the third, control ver- found that, in the weeks before the experiment, sion, the children got no story or message about there was no difference in the amount of time Wheat Thins whatsoever. students in the two groups spent studying vo- Then the children were invited to snack on the cabulary. But in the four weeks after, students crackers. It turned out the story they’d heard had a significant impact on how much they ate. Those who heard that Wheat Thins would make Tara strong ate, on average, just three crackers. Those who heard the snack was yum- my ate an average of seven—and those who heard nothing about the benefits of Wheat Thins ate the most of all, an average of nine crackers. What’s going on here? Kids see right through instrumental messages about food, Fishbach and Maimaran deter- mined in subsequent experiments. They figure that if you’re trying to push something, it must not be tasty. So if you’ve got a picky eater on your hands, present that broccoli and say nothing. Silence is golden.

HEAL THYSELF When it comes to advice, it is truly bet- ter to give than to receive. That’s the conclusion of Fishbach’s 2018 paper

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 47

UCH_Fishbach_v7.indd 47 1/29/19 1:12 PM who had offered words of wisdom devoted an THE MESSY MIDDLE average of 38 percent more minutes a week to vocab than the advice receivers. One o’clock at the office. Mile 1.5 of a three-mile Then Fishbach and her coauthors expanded run. Wednesday. There’s nothing more meh-in- the research to other areas and populations. spiring than the halfway point. And it isn’t just They recruited online study participants who our motivation that flags midway through an ef- were struggling to find a job. The woebegone job seekers were asked to write advice for another person in the same situation and to read guid- THERE’S NOTHING ance from a job-search website. Next, they were asked to rate which they found most motivating. MORE MEH- A sizable majority—68 percent—said they got INSPIRING THAN THE more spring in their step from advising another person. When this process was repeated with HALFWAY POINT. strivers in other areas (weight loss, money man- agement, and temper control), the same pattern fort—we also tend to relax our ethical standards, emerged again and again. Fishbach and Maferima Touré-Tillery, PhD’13, found in a 2011 paper in the Journal of Experimental Psychology. In a witty bit of experimental de- sign, Fishbach and Touré-Tillery tested this theory of cutting corners by having study participants, well, cut corners. They asked 60 college students to cut out, in sequence, five identical shapes labeled one through five. Two research assistants, un- aware of the study’s premise, were asked to rate the quality of the par- ticipants’ shape cutting based on how well they stayed within the lines. The sloppiest cutting, they determined, came right in the middle of the pro- cess, on shape three of five. As part of the same study, Fishbach and Touré-Tillery conducted a similar test involving coin flips. Participants in that experiment were given a coin and told to flip it. The self-reported out- come of each of the 10 coin flips deter- mined whether they had to proofread a long or short passage of text. Much like in the corner-cutting test, participants got squidgy as the It comes down to confidence, the team found. coin flips progressed. On flips one and two, the The process of giving someone else a pep talk re- proportion of subjects claiming to receive the

stores the mojo you lost while you were falling favorable outcome of the coin flip—that is, proof- sadfGwg short of your goals, because it forces you to remem- reading the short passage—hovered at about 50 ber past successful behaviors and experiences. percent. That’s exactly what you’d expect, given

48 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UCH_Fishbach_v7.indd 48 1/30/19 3:23 PM Many of us set New Year’s resolu- tions and other big goals because they provide long-term benefits: we ex- ercise for our future health and save money for our financial security down the line. However, sticking to these plans gets tough precisely because the benefits are delayed. Losing weight in three months is all well and good, but Oreos taste delicious today. Across several experiments, Wool- ley and Fishbach showed that, despite what we may think, what helps us per- sist in our goals isn’t single-minded focus on the future. Rather, it’s the presence of short-term rewards, such as enjoyment. In one experiment that was part of the study, the researchers asked gym goers to rate from one to six how im- portant it was that their workout be enjoyable (an immediate reward) and the equal probability of either outcome. However, how important it was that their workout be use- by the sixth coin flip, an implausible 72 percent ful at keeping them in shape (a delayed reward). of participants claimed the coin toss told them to Then they observed how long people actually do the easier task. On the final flip, that number worked out, and crunched the numbers. dipped back down to 59 percent. So why do we tend to do our best, most con- scientious work at the beginning and end of a FIND WAYS TO NEST project? It’s because we unconsciously believe beginnings and endings are most reflective of IMMEDIATE REWARDS our intentions and abilities, Fishbach concludes. WITHIN YOUR LONG- Fortunately, we can trick ourselves into avoiding this semi-slump: you can create “short middles” TERM GOAL PURSUITS. by breaking big goals into smaller segments. Fishbach’s research also suggests that we can On average, the participants rated the delayed motivate ourselves at the midpoint by focusing reward of health as being more important than less on what we’ve already accomplished and the immediate reward of enjoyment. However, more on what lies ahead. (Just one more section only self-reported enjoyment significantly corre- until you’re done with this article.) lated with the amount of time they spent work- ing out. They observed similar patterns in other A SPOONFUL OF SUGAR areas, such as studying and healthy eating. Even though people were engaging in these activities How much progress have you made on your New with long-term goals in mind, their stick-to-itive- Year’s resolutions? The answer to that question ness depended on immediate rewards. may depend on whether you’re having fun along The takeaway? Find ways to nest immediate sadfGwg the way, according to a 2017 study in the Person- rewards within your long-term goal pursuits. If ality and Social Psychology Bulletin by Fishbach that means watching Law & Order on the tread- and her former student Woolley. mill, well, who are we to judge? ◆

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 49

UCH_Fishbach_v7.indd 49 1/30/19 3:25 PM GLIMPSES

WHEN WHAT YOU DO IS NO LONGER WHO YOU ARE

BY SUSIE ALLEN, AB’09

or some workers, especially those who were deeply ing into a phase of life that we don’t talk about much in a devoted to their professions, retiring is a transition realistic way. fraught with ambivalence, grief, and the fear of ob- As a society, we pay a lot of attention to early career tran- solescence—emotions that too often go ignored and sitions. And of course we should pay attention to that; it’s undiscussed. That’s the argument of Michelle Pan- important and difficult to make your way into the work- nor Silver’s (PhD’10) first book, Retirement and Its force. But we spend almost no time thinking about getting Discontents: Why We Won’t Stop Working, Even if out of it. We Can (Columbia University Press, 2018). The book draws on interviews with CEOs, doctors, and Several of the people you interviewed had Facademics. These individuals talk about the search for negative experiences with their retirement meaning in the aftermath of careers that defined them. parties. Why is that? Should we do away with Silver also spoke with former homemakers and elite ath- retirement parties altogether? letes—people who feel their retirement is as misunderstood as their labor was. I hate to say no to parties. One should never give up the Silver, an assistant professor of sociology at the University opportunity to celebrate and have fun. Some people can’t of Toronto, says her book was inspired by the quantitative retire early enough. So you can’t take away their parties. research she did as a PhD student at Harris Public Policy, But you’re right—some people really, really struggled analyzing survey data from health and retirement studies. with their parties. One in particular, Robert, an academic, “I always wanted to ask those data points questions and hear told me that it felt like a funeral. He was sitting there listen- their stories,” she says. (Silver hasn’t abandoned quantitative ing to people talk about the work he had done, and every- research altogether and continues to study health economics, thing was being said in the past tense. At a certain point, with a focus on elderly populations.) he had to just tune out. He started mentally working on an Silver’s book is focused on those with the financial means article that he was writing. to retire. She knows that many Americans don’t have that He was so frustrated by the experience. He realized, “This luxury but believes the experiences of this fortunate group is not the end of me. I still have a lot more that I am going offer important insights about ageism in a society where life to do”—but there was an assumption that he was done. In a expectancies are longer than ever before, and people aren’t lot of ways, retirement is the opposite of a party for someone ready to be counted out after their 65th birthdays. This in- who identifies very closely with what they do professionally. terview has been edited and condensed. It seems like many people, even those who Why do you think it’s important to be more are excited to retire, struggle with the sudden candid about the challenges of retirement? lack of routine. Retirement is a financial change, an emotional change, and When every day becomes a potential Saturday or Sunday,

a structural change. It’s an everything change. It’s enter- it can be really confusing. The most extreme examples Scarborough Toronto of University courtesy Campbell, Don by Photography

50 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UCH_Glimpses_v4.indd 50 1/28/19 12:06 PM were probably the CEOs I interviewed. Some of them Many, many people’s most creative, interesting work and had up to three different administrative assistants man- highest levels of productivity come later in the life course, so aging their schedules. They described this sense of, “No- making assumptions that people are not able to contribute— body’s planning anything that’s something to avoid. for me, and so what is my Instead, be open-minded worth?” They had gotten Retirement and encourage the person— so used to thinking of their asking, “What’s next?” or worth as based not only on is a financial “How are you going to pi‑ their income but also on change, an vot within your work?” Try the fact that they needed emotional not to view aging as essen- all these secretaries. tially negative. change, and Keeping people engaged, You include the a structural productive, and active is stories of people change. helpful not just at an indi- such as homemakers vidual level but also for the who don’t quite fit sustainability of the health our cultural image care system. When people of retirees. Why? are socially engaged and feel important, they tend to Precisely because they were move more and tend to stay nontraditional. The home- out of the hospital more. makers, for example, self- identified as being retired, What helps people yet they meet no econo- who loved their mist’s definition of a retiree. jobs have a more But they defined themselves positive transition that way, and that gave me to retirement? pause. We make assump- tions that are different than I’ve done some work with the way people define them- physicians who have been selves, and I’m not sure on call for decades—woken who’s wrong. Retirement doesn’t always live up to the blissful media image, up in the middle of the night All the people in the book says Michelle Pannor Silver, PhD’10. and expected to immediate- identified very strongly ly jump into that work role. with the type of work they They go from giving 110 did, which is why I think their retirements were filled with percent to zero when they retire. The lesson there is, try to discontent—because they had never experienced being start practicing not giving 110 percent all the time. Practice adults without that. The homemakers were no exception. taking a real lunch. Just start with that. They were very clear about the fact that they had worked If at all possible, try to develop hobbies earlier in adult- their whole adulthood, although they were not paid for hood, especially if you’re the kind of person who needs to their work. be good at what you do. It can help to think back—earlier Both homemakers and former CEOs missed their roles in your life, what kinds of things did you always want to and lamented no longer being needed and no longer being do? And that’s when people start to remember, “Oh, yeah, able to wear that identifying marker. It left them feeling I always wanted to learn art history,” or “I always wanted lonely in ways that were really similar. to use my hands and to try to do some kind of carpentry,” or whatever it is. How can we support friends, parents, and The bottom line is, take the skills that made you good at colleagues as they transition to retirement? your work—whether it was being a good listener, or being a good researcher, whatever that skill set was—and try to ap- We can avoid imposing social norms that have infiltrated ply it to yourself. Apply those skills to study what makes you our experiences about age—so not saying, “Oh, you just happy and what you want to do. Investing even a fraction had a big birthday. You must be planning for retirement,” of the energy that you invest into your work into what you

Photography by Don Campbell, courtesy University of Toronto Scarborough Scarborough Toronto of University courtesy Campbell, Don by Photography or dropping hints about winding down. want to do next can be really helpful. ◆

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 51

UCH_Glimpses_v4.indd 51 1/28/19 12:06 PM SAVE THE DATE | JUNE 6–9 • 2019 SAVE THE DATE | JUNE 6–9 • 2019

Alumni Weekend will be here Alumni Weekend will be here The before you know it, along with before you know it, along with The beautiful spring days on the beautiful spring days on the quads. Join friends, family, and quads. Join friends, family, and countdown faculty at this campus-wide countdown faculty at this campus-wide celebration featuring more than celebration featuring more than begins. 100 events for Maroons of all ages. begins. 100 events for Maroons of all ages. Plan your visit now at Plan your visit now at alumni.uchicago.edu/2019. alumni.uchicago.edu/2019.

UCH_AlumniWeekend2019 AD.indd 52 1/30/19 4:56 PM PEER REVIEW WHAT ALUMNI ARE THINKING AND DOING

BANK ON IT Verna La Mantia Nichols, LAB’42, AB’44 (left), and Patricia (Claridge) Gray, LAB’40, AA’42, practice for the Billiard Association of America’s intercollegiate Telegraphic Pocket Billiard Tournament.

54 56 58 73 76 Alumni Essay Notes and Alumni News Advanced Deaths Releases Degrees UChicago Photographic Archive, apf4-02781, University of Chicago Library Chicago of University apf4-02781, Archive, UChicago Photographic

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 53

Peer Review Opener_v5.indd 53 1/29/19 3:56 PM ALUMNI ESSAY

UP AND DOWN HALSTED STREET

The view from a CTA bus driver’s seat took in the range of human experience—including the most heartbreaking.

BY BERNARD BRADY, AM’83, PHD’88

y years as a grad blindly hoping for the best. It seemed the gun down.’ He didn’t. ‘Jim, put student in the Di- like I brought home a story after every the gun down.’ He refused. ‘Fucking vinity School’s shift. One night on Halsted, around Jim, put the goddamn gun down.’ He ethics and society 35th Street just past Wendt Furniture didn’t. I took out my gun and yelled at program in the in the heart of Bridgeport, I saw a po- him. He didn’t listen, so I shot him— mid-1980s were in- lice car responding to a call. As I ap- dead.” Those were the last words we tellectually forma- proached the intersection, police cars exchanged that night. He got off a few tive. The education came from all four directions, target- minutes later, somewhere presumably was demanding and ing the corner so fast that they crashed by the detox center. comprehensive. Yet into each other—a scene from The Blues One late afternoon near Cabrini for two summers Brothers played out in real time. Green, a girl with a baby in her arms during this time, I unexpectedly found And there were heartbreaking mo- boarded and asked, “Does this bus go Mmyself in another “university” of Chi- ments. A passenger boarded and told to Children’s Hospital?” “I can drop cago. In search of a job where I could me, “I’m going into detox. Right now, you off about a block from the hos- earn a bit more than my friends did tonight.” He said he was a Vietnam vet- pital,” I told her. “This is my sister’s stacking books in the Reg, I was hired eran. A few minutes later, our conver- baby,” she said. I glanced over to see as a CTA bus driver and thus enrolled in sation was upped a notch. “They called that she was young, perhaps 14, more a street seminar on ethics and society. us ‘baby killers,’” he said. I mumbled likely 12. For the rest of the short ride, Halsted Street replaced Swift Hall. some sort of response. “We didn’t kill the girl was quiet, and so was the baby. I was assigned to the Limits Garage, babies!” he said with some passion. I told her when we got to Fullerton or “barn,” on North Clark Street and “No, I know, you didn’t kill babies,” was and pointed toward the hospital. As she usually drove north–south routes. Then all I could say. got off, I realized the baby was wrapped and now, Chicago is one of the most “One time I was out on patrol with up head to toe. The girl carried but did segregated cities in the country. Cross- my partner,” he continued. “We came not cuddle the baby. To this day, I can ing a busy street or driving beneath a across a kid in the field. We went up still feel how deep my heart sank when viaduct often brought me into a distinct to him and my partner put his gun up I realized she was bringing her sis- neighborhood. Most of my fellow driv- to the kid’s head—right to the side of ter’s dead baby to the hospital. What ers were black, as were the passengers his head. I said, ‘Come on, Jim, put strength she had to do this, yet how on my bus. I was a member of the ma- young and vulnerable she was. In her jority community going to and coming voice and her posture, she seemed to from work, but a minority at work. In her voice and reach out to me as I drove that crowd- The other drivers often said, “Your her posture, she ed bus down the busy street. She too job is to drive that bus up and down needed to be held, perhaps just with an the street and bring it back to the barn.” seemed to reach out affirming word, but that didn’t occur to I got lost on Lower Wacker (too many to me as I drove that me until three blocks later. turns, too many columns), and I got There was a popular night club just stuck on a curb on Michigan Avenue— crowded bus down a bit south of the Chicago River. One

all I could do was put the bus in reverse, the busy street. night as I approached it, there was Balbusso/Theispot Elena and Anna by Illustration

54 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

UCH_Brady AE_v3.indd 54 2/1/19 12:13 PM scene and some 60 bus passengers were injured. I had driven on the Drive with traf- fic weaving and bobbing from impul- sive and excited drivers. I could have hit that car. The driver, a 25-year CTA veteran, was black. After the ac- cident, he was charged with reckless homicide and two traffic violations, although many eyewitness reports at the scene said he was not at fault. Injured, he spent time in the hospital handcuffed to his bed. (The charges were later dropped.) To this day, I wonder if I would have been treat- ed the same way. I moved a lot of people up and down the street those summers— mostly people going about their daily lives without incident. Still, the U of Halsted Street taught me much, ex- heavy traffic and police cars. People chalk from the sidewalk, removing panding my heart as much as Swift were in the street and all around all evidence of violence and grief. A Hall expanded my mind. All those the area. As the bus inched by, I few hours later, I drove north and people on my buses had at least two saw a man’s body on the sidewalk. passed the club again. The sidewalk things in common: everyone was like I had missed what appeared to be was clean and dry. me and everyone was different from a murder by a few minutes. I con- During my last month on the job, me in important ways. The first task of tinued my drive south. A few hours on August 9, 1985, seven young peo- ethical reflection was for me to wrap my later, around three in the morning, ple, aged 15 to 21, were driving from mind around the particulars of both. ◆ I passed the club again. The street Joliet, Illinois, to a Bruce Springs- was empty. On the sidewalk, un- teen concert at Soldier Field. Head- Bernard Brady, AM’83, PhD’88, is a pro- der the streetlight, I could see the ing south on South Lake Shore fessor of theology at the University of St. bloodstain and the chalk outline Drive, the driver of the car suddenly Thomas (Minnesota). He is the author of where the man’s body once lay. changed lanes. A No. 6 Jeffery Ex- several books and articles on justice, love, A few hours later, I drove back press, a 36,000-pound articulated human rights, and Catholic moral theol- south and passed the club again. The bus, collided with the car and drove ogy. He has high hopes that with the publi- sun was coming up. An old man was over the top of it. All seven passen- cation of this article, his family and friends

Illustration by Anna and Elena Balbusso/Theispot Elena and Anna by Illustration in front, hosing the blood and the gers were pronounced dead at the will finally read something he has written.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019 55

UCH_Brady AE_v2.indd 55 1/29/19 3:40 PM NOTES A SELECTION OF ALUMNI WHOSE NAMES ARE IN THE NEWS

GRASSROOTS TRIBUTE The Van Vlissingen Prairie on Chicago’s Southeast Side has been renamed in honor of Marian (Richardson) Byrnes, AM’50, the Chicago Park District an- nounced in November. Byrnes, a Chicago Public Schools teacher and environmen- tal activist who died in 2010, formed a committee in 1979 to prevent the Chica- go Transit Authority from building a bus garage on the South Deering park site. The 135-acre Marian Byrnes Park com- memorates Byrnes’s grassroots work in the area, including her leadership of the Southeast Environmental Task Force. WHO WANTS TO KNOW? NO MINIMAL ACHIEVEMENT Inquiring Nuns, a 1968 documentary produced by Kartemquin Films, was released At the Kennedy Center Honors in theatrically for the first time this fall on its 50th anniversary. Directed by Gordon M. December, composer Philip Glass, Quinn, AB’65 (Class of 1964), and Gerald “Jerry” J. Temaner, AB’57, the documen- AB’56, was celebrated for his lifetime tary follows two Adrian Dominican Sisters through Chicago as they ask people they of achievement in the performing arts. meet, “Are you happy?” Funded by Chicago’s Catholic Adult Education Center and “He can rightfully be described as one inspired by the experimental French documentary Chronicle of a Summer (1960), of our greatest modern composers,” the film has become a noted work of cinema verité documenting late 1960s social Paul Simon said in his tribute, and Ken- attitudes. With editing assistance from Alfred R. Franklin, EX’65, the film features nedy Center chair David M. Rubenstein, minimalist organ music scored by Philip Glass, AB’56. JD’73, called Glass “a modern-day Mozart whose works across opera, symphony, chamber music, and film AN EINSTEIN FOR ASHTEKAR history, previously served as provost define contemporary music and simply In October Abhay Ashtekar, PhD’78, and vice president and led the Midwest transfix us.” At the ceremony, pianist earned the American Physical Society’s Jewish Studies Association. Fraiman pre- Jon Batiste paid homage by performing Einstein Prize for outstanding achieve- viously taught in Spertus’s Jewish pro- a solo from Glass’s chamber composition ment in gravitational physics. Ashtekar, fessional studies master’s program. She Glassworks (1981). who directs Penn State’s Institute for now oversees all academic, professional, Gravitation and the Cosmos, was recog- and public programs. MATERIAL DISCOVERY nized “for numerous and seminal contri- Charles Kane, AB’85, shared the 2019 butions to general relativity, including the BOLD MOVIE Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental theory of black holes, canonical quantum Unfinished at the time of his death and Physics, which recognizes “transforma- gravity, and quantum cosmology.” Among long caught in financial and legal limbo, tive advances” in the field. Kane was those contributions, his reformulation Orson Welles’s filmThe Other Side of cited for helping introduce “new ideas of classical general relativity underlies the Wind reached its first audiences in about topology and symmetry in phys- the theory of space-time known as loop the fall, thanks in part to Filip J. Rymsza, ics, leading to the prediction of a new quantum gravity. As part of the biennial EX’00, who coproduced the film’s class of materials that conduct electricity award, Ashtekar will deliver a special reconstruction and release. Rymsza says only on their surface.” The University lecture on gravitational physics for the he “made a lot of bold moves” to help of Pennsylvania physicist’s research on American Physical Society. finish the film, which retraces the last these materials, known as topological day of a director’s life. He acquired rights Photo courtesy Kartemquin Films insulators, is part of a long-term collabo- TWO NEW LEADERS to the film before securing a deal with ration with colleague Eugene Mele, with At Chicago’s Spertus Institute for Jewish Netflix, which gave it a limited theatrical whom he won the $3 million award—the Learning and Leadership, Dean P. Bell, release in November. The Other Side largest science prize in the world. Accord- AB’89, was recently named president of the Wind is now streaming on the ing to the Breakthrough Prize Foun- and CEO, while Keren E. Fraiman, AB’02, platform, along with two documentaries dation, Kane and Mele’s research has became dean and chief academic officer. Rymsza helped make about Welles’s— implications for quantum computing and Bell, a Spertus professor of history special- and his own—project. energy-efficient electronics. izing in medieval and early modern Jewish —Andrew Peart, AM’16, PhD’18

56 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

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’s founding founding ’s WINTER 2019 WINTER : THE MAN THE : | —Andrew Peart, AM’16, PhD’18 on Millie Goldsholl’s contributions Goldsholl’s Millie on UP IS DOWN: MID-CENTURY MID-CENTURY DOWN: IS UP AND EXPERIMENTS ADVERTISING IN THEFILM GOLDSHOLL AT STUDIO Edited Amy by Beste and Corinne Granof, PhD’95; Block Museum of Art, 2018 University, Northwestern This exhibition catalog features nine essays on the postwar Chicago firm Goldsholl Design Associates, whose and Morton founders, husband-and-wife Millie Goldsholl, used Bauhaus aesthetics identities brand design” “total create to for such corporate clients as Revlon, 7-Up, and Motorola. It showcases the images, moving print, Goldsholls’ in work includes and trademarks, and packaging, an essay exhibition by cocurator Corinne Granof filmmaking. and design 20th-century to ART OF PAUL PLAYBOY BUNNY THE BEHIND Directed Jennifer by Hou Kwong (Jian Ping), CER’07, CER’11; MoraQuest 2018 Productions, “I took the job because it was an op ments how Paul took that opportunity and transformed the visual culture of American publishing. magazine portunity form to the look and feeling of a magazine from its beginning,” said the late Art Paul, Playboy art director from 1953 until 1982.In her writer debut, directorial feature-length Kwong Hou Jennifer teacher and ------,

- THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE ’s Goodreads bookshelf at mag.uchicago.edu/alumni-books. at bookshelf Goodreads ’s , professor emerita of an RELEASES ing the school’s centenary, her account account her centenary, school’s the ing and there taught who scholars highlights at UChicago, including Jacob Marschak, Arendt. Hannah and Strauss, Leo ulty of Political and Social Science. Mark thropology at Hunter College andformer dean of the New School’s Graduate Fac Forging that academic career was no was career academic that Forging less difficult than claiming a queer iden tity, andtity, just as essential resolving to a “discordant sense of self,” which Newton channeled in an influential UChicago dis- queens. drag on sertation MANAGING COUNTRY RISK IN AN AGE OF GLOBALIZATION: A PRACTICAL CHALLENGES OVERCOMING TO GUIDE IN A COMPLEX WORLD By Michel Henry Bouchet; Charles A. Goguel; Amaury and AB’82; Fishkin, Macmillan, 2018 Palgrave Whether you are an international investor participating citizen private a simply or are finances your economy, global the in affectedby the risk that political and eco ing at the Bernard M. Baruch College of the City University of New explains York, how the problem is expanding into new and cybersecurity, as such dimensions, how best mitigate to its effects. A LIGHT IN DARK TIMES: THE NEW SCHOOL FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH AND ITS UNIVERSITY IN EXILE By Judith Friedlander, AB’66, AM’69, 2019 Press, University Columbia PhD’73; In 1933, when New School for Social Alvin president and founder Research Univer school’s the established Johnson nomic turmoil will destabilize a particular particular a destabilize will turmoil nomic obligations. debt and savings country’s This guide the to challenges of country risk, coauthored Charles by A. Fishkin engineer financial of professor adjunct an sity inExile, his effortsto provide a safe haven for European refugee scholars won an ally in UChicago president Rob between Links Hutchins. ert Maynard throughout surface institutions two the this history of the New School Judith by Friedlander

, , - - - - ALUMNI BOOKS, FILMS, AND RECORDINGS - -

, clinical as professor of For additional alumni releases, use the link to the Magazine MANUFACTURED INSECURITY: INSECURITY: MANUFACTURED AMERICANS’ AND PARKS HOME MOBILE TENUOUS RIGHT TO PLACE University AB’04; Sullivan, Esther By of California Press, 2018 For US mobile home residents, the land- divided-asset as known system lease ownership—most own their homes but housing it—makes beneath land the rent evictions with precarious, but affordable redevelop property to due frequent ment. In a nation where 18 million people live in these homes, argues Sullivan Esther assistant professor of sociology at the University of Colorado their Denver, stories reflect a significanthow portion of America’s poor struggle survive. to Based on interviews with informants in Florida and where Texas, she took up field her during residency home mobile focuses ethnography Sullivan’s work, on the people facing eviction and the nature of their losses. DIVINERTHE WATER AND OTHER STORIES By Ruvanee Pietersz Vilhauer, AM’94, PhD’02; University of Iowa Press, 2018 In this collection’s title story, a widowed grandmother living in the United States is torn between a televangelist’s apoca lyptic vision and the potential compan ionship of a man in her native Sri Lanka. Vilhauer Pietersz Ruvanee sociate professor of psychology at New University,York pursues this theme in immigrants Lankan Sri about stories her and their children, whose lives often pull them back toward the old world. MY BUTCH CAREER: A MEMOIR By Esther Newton, AM’64, PhD’68; Duke University Press, 2018 “What does it mean a career, have to and why did I want one?” asks Newton Esther retired Purchase College anthropologist Michigan of University and culture. American and studies women’s Her memoir recounts the first half of her life, from rejecting “compulsory girl hood” in the 1950s helping to make gay and lesbian studies a field in the 1980s. Notes and Releases_Layout_Win 19_v5.indd 57

Photo courtesy Kartemquin Films To protect the INCREASE AFFECTION The beat goes on... privacy of our Created by Winnifred Cutler, alumni, the Alumni Ph.D. in biology U. of Penn, post-doc Stanford, behavioral News section has endocrinology.Co- discovered human been removed pheromones in 1986 (Time 12/1/86; and Newsweek 1/12/87) from this PDF. Author of 8 books on wellness. The music never stops. PROVEN EFFECTIVE IN 3 So why should you? DOUBLE-BLIND STUDIES At Montgomery Place, you’ll spend Vial of 1/6oz. added to 2-4 oz. of time in harmony with others while your fragrance, worn daily lasts 4-6 months, or use straight. adding new riffs to your life. Energize Sublime... tm your day...enjoy. Unscented Athena 10X For Men $99.50 Fragrance 10:13 tm For Women $98.50 Contact us now. Luxury Barge Cruises Additives Cosmetics Free U.S. Shipping The possibilities are endless. n Marissa (NY) “I am a widow, 44 years old, MontgomeryPlace.org and since using the Athena, my friends say: ‘What is it about you? You are a man magnet!’ It’s the Pheromone. You have enhanced my life.” Montgomery Place n Wade (PA) “This 10X does work. It’s not a The Cultural Center of East Hyde Park gimmick. It’s amazing. Women come up to me, P.O. Box 2195, Duxbury, MA 02331 putting their arm around me. Thanks! 5550 South Shore Drive Chicago, IL 60637 800 -222 -1236 781-934 -2454 Not in stores 610-827-2200 773-753-4100 www.fcwl.com Athenainstitute.com A not-for-profit community for people 62-plus Athena Inst. Braefield Rd Chester Spgs, PA 19425 UCM

AlumniNews_Winter 19_v14.indd 69 1/29/19 4:01 PM “These charitable gift annuities give you higher rates of income than regular annuities. It just happens to ben efit the University rather than the insurance company.”

—MONTAGUE “MONTY” BROWN, AB’59, MBA’60

Choose your payday.

When you fund a charitable gift annuity, the University pays you income for life.

A charitable gift annuity is a AMERICAN COUNCIL ON GIFT ANNUITIES RATES gift of $10,000 or more in cash Single-Life Charitable Gift Annuity or securities in exchange for IMMEDIATE DEFERRED DEFERRED AGE your choice of immediate or PAYMENT 5 YEARS 10 YEARS deferred annual payments to 55 4.3% 5.6% 7.4% you and/or another beneficiary.

Payments are fixed and fully 65 5.1% 6.7% 9.0% backed by the University, and you receive an immediate tax 75 6.2% 8.8% 12.0%

deduction with the potential Your annuity rate is based on your age and chosen payment type when you make the gift. for other tax savings. Rates are subject to change.

Interested? Learn more. Calculate your payments at giftplanning.uchicago.edu/calc Visit giftplanning.uchicago.edu or apply now at giftplanning.uchicago.edu/cgaapp. Email [email protected] Call 866.241.9802

AlumniNews_Winter 19_v14.indd 75 1/29/19 4:05 PM DEATHS

TRUSTEE Smilja Jakovcic Rabinowitz, retired research worship, he published several collections associate professor, died October 10 in Chica- of his hymns and wrote The Spoken Christ: John H. Bryan Jr., trustee emeritus, died go. She was 92. A native of Croatia, Jakovcic Reading and Preaching the Transforming October 1 in Chicago. He was 81. Starting out Rabinowitz taught at Northwestern Univer- Word (1990). He is survived by a sister. in his family’s Mississippi-based meatpacking sity before moving to UChicago in 1966 as a Joel Kraemer, the John Henry Barrows Pro- company, Bryan led the racial integration of research fellow studying mitochondrial de- fessor Emeritus in the Divinity School, died its workforce before arranging the company’s velopment in rats and yeast. She later joined October 11 in Chicago. He was 85. A scholar sale to Consolidated Foods (later Sara Lee), the cardiopulmonary laboratory led by her of Jewish and Islamic thought and literature, where he was chairman and chief executive husband, Murray Rabinowitz, the Louis Kraemer taught at Yale University and Tel from 1975 until his retirement in 2001. Elect- Block Professor of Medicine and Biochemis- Aviv University before joining the Divinity ed to UChicago’s Board of Trustees in 1986, try, where they studied cardiac hypertrophy School in 1993. He also held appointments he became a life trustee in 2006 and trustee and mitochondrial biogenesis. She mentored in the John U. Nef Committee on Social emeritus in 2007. A philanthropic supporter many graduate students and research fellows Thought, the Committee on Jewish Studies, of Chicago’s Orchestra Hall and Civic Opera before retiring in 1999. Her husband died in and the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. House, he also chaired the Art Institute of 1983. She is survived by extended family. An expert on classical antiquity’s influence Chicago’s board of trustees and the nonprofit Riccardo Levi-Setti, professor emeritus of on the medieval Jewish and Islamic worlds, corporation that developed Millennium physics and the Enrico Fermi Institute, died Kraemer wrote Maimonides: The Life and Park. He is survived by his wife, Neville; two November 8 in Chicago. He was 91. A Holo- World of One of Civilization’s Greatest Minds daughters; two sons; a sister; a brother; 13 caust survivor and Italian resistance fighter, (2008) and researched Judeo-Arabic wom- grandchildren; and a great-grandson. Levi-Setti came to UChicago as a research as- en’s manuscripts from the Cairo genizah. He sociate in 1956 and led a four-decade career is survived by his wife, Aviva; three daugh- FACULTY AND STAFF at the University. Specializing in particle ters; and nine grandchildren. physics, he discovered the first hyperons Arunas L. Liulevicius, AB’54, SM’57, PhD’60, Leon M. Lederman, the Frank L. Sulzberger and heavy mesons and studied cosmic rays. professor emeritus of mathematics, died Professor Emeritus of Physics, died October 3 From 1992 to 1998 he directed the Enrico December 21 in Knoxville, TN. He was 84. A in Rexburg, ID. He was 96. A World War II US Fermi Institute. An optics expert and fossil Lithuanian refugee during and after World Army veteran, Lederman earned his doctor- collector, he developed a scanning trans- War II, Liulevicius lived in displaced person ate in physics at Columbia University in 1951 mission ion microscope to image biological camps in Germany before emigrating to the and taught there until 1979, when he became specimens and wrote three books about United States in 1949. After earning a doctor- director of Fermilab. In 1962 he and two Co- trilobites. He is survived by his wife, Nika ate in algebraic topology, he became a mem- lumbia colleagues discovered a new type of Semkoff Levi-Setti, LAB’70, MST’84; two ber of the UChicago mathematics faculty in subatomic particle, the muon neutrino, which sons, including Matteo G. Levi-Setti, AB’90, 1963. He twice earned the Quantrell Award helped establish the standard model of par- MD’96; and two grandchildren. for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching, ticle physics, work for which they received Leslie J. DeGroot, professor emeritus of medi- and he wrote and edited several research the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics. At Fermilab cine and radiology, died October 23 in South volumes, including Algebraic Topology (1971). Lederman led the team that discovered an- Dartmouth, MA. He was 90. A leading endo- An advocate for Lithuania’s independence other elementary particle, the bottom quark, crinologist who specialized in thyroid diseas- from the Soviet Union, he coedited The Gift and oversaw construction of the Tevatron, for es, DeGroot joined UChicago’s faculty in 1968 of Vilnius: A Photographic Document in De- decades the world’s highest-energy particle to direct his own research program, investigat- fense of Freedom (1991). He is survived by his collider. Joining UChicago’s physics faculty in ing thyroid hormone resistance syndrome, wife, Ausrele J. Liulevicius, AM’71, CER’04; 1989, he advocated for science education and thyroid cancer, and autoimmune thyroid dis- two sons, Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius, LAB’84, cowrote The God Particle: If the Universe Is the ease. UChicago Medicine’s longtime chief of AB’88, and Gytis Liulevicius, LAB’86; a sister; Answer, What Is the Question? (1993). Survi- endocrinology, he served as the American and three grandchildren. vors include his wife, Ellen; two daughters; a Thyroid Association’s president in 1973, pub- Joan Merlin Palmer, SB’63, AM’82, died son; and five grandchildren. lished the medical textbooks Endocrinology September 3 in Chicago. She was 75. Palmer S. Courtenay Wright, professor emeritus of (1979) and The Thyroid and Its Diseases (1984), worked at UChicago for more than a decade physics and the Enrico Fermi Institute, died and received many honors. In 2005 he joined as an inorganic chemist and researched tran- November 22 in Chicago. He was 95. As a Brown University and in 2008 helped found sition metal complexes. She later became a Royal Navy radar officer, Wright was among the University of Rhode Island’s Institute for social worker and provided clinical social ser- the first to know about the impending launch Immunology and Informatics. He is survived vices at UChicago Medicine and other orga- of the D-Day invasion. After World War II by his wife, Helen; four daughters, Anne S. De- nizations. She was on the UChicago School of he studied nuclear physics under J. Robert Groot, LAB’73, MD’83, Katie DeGroot, LAB’73, Social Service Administration’s adjunct facul- Oppenheimer at the University of California, Elyse Donner DeGroot, LAB’75, and Jessica O. ty for more than two decades. She is survived Berkeley, and was recruited by Enrico Fermi DeGroot, LAB’79; a son, Henry DeGroot III, by her husband, Patrick E. Palmer, SB’63, pro- to join UChicago’s physics department in LAB’77, AB’82, MD’87; and 11 grandchildren. fessor emeritus of astronomy and astrophys- 1949. He taught there for more than four Willard F. Jabusch, former chaplain and ics and the College; a daughter; two sons, decades while conducting particle accel- director of Calvert House, of Skokie, IL, died Aidan Palmer, LAB’92, and David E. Palmer, erator research on proton structure, quark December 8. He was 88. A Catholic priest in LAB’98; a sister; and six grandchildren. structure function, and muon decay. A po- the Archdiocese of Chicago, Jabusch earned Anthony “Tony” Montag, clinical professor litical activist, he worked with the JASON a doctorate in rhetoric and taught at Univer- of pathology and associate dean for admis- group of scientific experts to advise the US sity of St. Mary of the Lake’s Mundelein Sem- sions at UChicago Medicine, died of prostate government against using nuclear weapons inary for more than 20 years before joining cancer November 9 in Chicago. He was 64. in the Vietnam War. He is survived by his Calvert House, where he served UChicago’s A member of the faculty since 1985, Montag wife, Sara Paretsky, AM’69, MBA’77, PhD’77; Catholic community from 1990 to 2001. He treated patients with bone, soft tissue, and three sons, including Timothy Wright, returned to Calvert House as interim chap- gynecological tumors and did research on LAB’69, and Philip W. Wright, LAB’73; and lain and director in 2005. A composer of reli- metastasis and the expression of steroid re- a grandchild. gious music and author of books on Catholic ceptors in bone and soft tissue tumors. He

76 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MAGAZINE | WINTER 2019

Layout_Deaths_Win18_v8.indd 76 1/29/19 3:18 PM was recognized as a fellow and clinical peer Correspondence, and coordinated the Uni- Sylvia Knauss Klein, LAB’48, AB’52, died Feb- by the Pritzker School of Medicine’s Acade- versity of Chicago Directory. Her husband, ruary 24, 2018, in Washington, DC. She was my of Distinguished Medical Educators and George Anastaplo, AB’48, JD’51, PhD’64, 85. A devoted wife and mother, Klein had a received Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medi- died in 2014. She is survived by three daugh- passion for studying history and philosophy. cal Society’s teaching award. He is survived ters, Helen Scharbach Newlin, LAB’67, JD’75, Her husband, John J. Klein, AM’52, PhD’55, by his wife, Katherine L. Griem, LAB’74; a CER’02, Miriam I. Redleaf, LAB’73, MD’87, died in 2008. She is survived by her daughter, daughter, Caroline Montag, LAB’13; two and Theodora M. Anastaplo, LAB’81, AM’88; Leslie Funk, AB’78, and two granddaughters. sons, Hugh Montag, LAB’07, and William a son, George M. D. Anastaplo, LAB’71; three Halliman H. Winsborough, AB’52, AM’59, Montag, LAB’09; a sister; and three brothers. siblings; eight grandchildren, including Re- PhD’61, of Madison, WI, died September Eric Lundstedt, chief advancement officer becca S. Wollenberg, LAB’96, AB’02, PhD’15, 5. He was 86. Winsborough was the Emma of Chicago Booth, of Wilmette, IL, died of Lucinda A. Scharbach, LAB’98, AB’02, Peter Welsch Conway-Bascom Professor Emeritus gall bladder cancer November 4. He was 49. Scharbach, LAB’01, Isaac Redleaf, LAB’04, of Sociology at the University of Wisconsin– Lundstedt worked in alumni relations and Zenebesh Redleaf, LAB’06; Sahai A. Redleaf, Madison, where he taught for more than development at the University of Denver’s LAB’07, and Hanna Redleaf, LAB’09; and three decades. A demographer with comput- Sturm College of Law, Stanford Law School, three great-grandchildren. ing expertise, he directed the school’s Center and Northwestern University’s Kellogg Robert A. Plane, SM’49, PhD’51, died August for Demography and Ecology, expanding it School of Management, among other institu- 6 in Albuquerque, NM. He was 90. An inor- into the Social Science Computing Coopera- tions, and served as UChicago Law School’s ganic chemist, Plane taught for more than tive. He is survived by his wife, Shirley Hale associate dean for external affairs before join- two decades at Cornell University, where he Winsborough, AB’58, and a son. ing Chicago Booth as interim associate dean and colleague Michell Sienko wrote Chemis- Robert Smith Bader, PhD’54, died August 4 of advancement in 2016. Later named associ- try (1957), once the world’s most widely used in Burlington, KS. He was 93. A World War ate dean and then chief advancement officer, college chemistry textbook. After serving II US Navy veteran, Bader taught at the Uni- he oversaw the merger of Chicago Booth’s as Cornell’s provost, he was president first versity of Florida and the University of Illi- alumni relations and development depart- of Clarkson University (1974–85) and then nois at Urbana-Champaign before becoming ments and led the school’s fundraising. He of Wells College (1991–95). His first wife, professor of biology and dean of the College is survived by his wife, Marya; a daughter; Georgia Ames Plane, EX’50, died in 1961. He of Arts and Sciences at the University of Mis- two sons; his parents; a sister; and a brother. is survived by his wife, Mary; three daugh- souri–St. Louis. Author of The Great Kansas ters; a son; a sister; seven grandchildren; and Bond Scandal (1984) and other books on Kan- 1940s seven great-grandchildren. sas history, he later taught history at univer- Nancy Grace Roman, PhD’49, died December sities in the state. He is survived by his wife, Augusta “Gus” (Gudas) Bloom, AB’40, of 26 in Germantown, MD. She was 93. The first Myra; four sons; a sister; nine grandchildren; Evanston, IL, died February 27, 2018. She woman on UChicago’s astronomy faculty, and six great-grandchildren. was 98. A librarian before and after rais- Roman left to work in radio astronomy at the Robert S. Lerner, AB’54, MBA’56, died in ing her family, Bloom worked at the for- US Naval Research Laboratory and in 1959 August in Helsinki. He was 85. Formerly a mer Chicago Public Library main branch, became chief of NASA’s newly established stockbroker for Dean Witter & Co. and ad- Kennedy-King College Library, and the US astronomy program, which she built and led ministrator of Roosevelt Memorial Hospital, Environmental Protection Agency’s Chicago for the next two decades. Overseeing plans Lerner traded commodities at the Chicago regional office library. Her husband, Charles for the Hubble Telescope, she laid ground- Board of Trade and stock index futures at the G. Bloom, AM’63, died in 1987. She is survived work for what would become the first large Sydney Futures Exchange. He is survived by a daughter, Elizabeth G. Albert, MAT’80, optical telescope in space. Known as “mother by his wife, Hannele Cobb; two daughters; AM’84; a son; and two grandchildren. of Hubble,” she was recognized with a Federal a son, Richard D. Lerner, AB’80; and three Constance Sutton, PhB’46, AM’54, died Women’s Award and a NASA astrophysics grandchildren. August 23 in New York City. She was 92. Associ- fellowship in her name, among other honors. Wallace “Wally” G. Lonergan, MBA’55, ate professor emerita of anthropology at New James F. Short Jr., AM’49, PhD’51, died May PhD’60, died August 27 in Caldwell, ID. He York University and the first woman to chair 13 in Pullman, WA. He was 93. Short was was 90. A Korean War US Army veteran, the department at the school’s former Univer- professor emeritus of sociology at Washing- Lonergan taught in the University’s Graduate sity Heights campus, Sutton was a scholar of ton State University, where he taught from School of Business and directed its industrial Afro-Caribbean culture who worked as an 1951 until his retirement in 1997. He directed relations/human resources center before join- assistant to Margaret Mead and later studied the Youth Studies Project, an influential field ing the College of Idaho, where he was profes- sugarcane workers and the labor movement study of Chicago street gangs; codirected re- sor of business management and economics in Barbados, gender and power in the Ca- search for the US National Commission on from 1987 to 2013. Ordained an Episcopal ribbean and West Africa, and transnational the Causes and Prevention of Violence; and priest in 1997, he served a Caldwell congre- migration. A feminist activist, she helped was founding director of Washington State gation until 2015. Survivors include his wife, develop the International Women’s Anthro- University’s Social and Economic Sciences Luise Eadie; a son, Steven Lonergan, LAB’72; pology Conference in the 1980s. Her second Research Center. He is survived by a daugh- three stepsons; and six grandchildren. husband, Samuel Sutton, PhD’55, died in ter, a son, two brothers, two grandchildren, Joan Yvette (Sembly) Harris, AM’56, died 1986. She is survived by her husband, Antonio and two great-grandchildren. August 21 in Laurel, MD. She was 85. After Lauria; a son, David E. Sutton, AB’85, AM’88, working at the Children’s Service Society PhD’95; a sister; and two grandchildren. 1950s of Wisconsin and the Travelers Aid Society Alice James, AM’47, of Chicago, died Decem- of Baltimore, Harris joined Baltimore City ber 10, 2017. She was 98. James was a social Frederick Gale White, JD’51, died July 25 in Public Schools and from 1977 to 1992 was the worker for the Juvenile Protective Associa- Cedar Falls, IA. He was 91. A cryptographic administrator in charge of its School Social tion and Children’s Home and Aid Society, technician in the US Army Air Corps during Work Service. She later served on the Na- where she twice served as acting director. A World War II, White spent his 60-year career tional Association of Social Workers’ Com- volunteer docent captain at the Oriental In- practicing law in northeast Iowa, where he mission on Education and the Maryland stitute, she was a longtime board member of served as a trial attorney and as Black Hawk Health Resources Planning Commission. the Hyde Park Neighborhood Club. County’s assistant attorney. He helped She is survived by a daughter, a son, two Sara Prince Anastaplo, AM’49, died Janu- found Iowa Legal Aid and was a member of sisters, a brother, and three grandchildren. ary 15, 2018. She was 91. Anastaplo was a the Iowa Academy of Trial Lawyers and the Laszlo F. Biritz, PhD’58, of Vienna, died May fact-checker for the television show College Iowa Board of Bar Examiners. He is survived 17. He was 91. Biritz left his native Hun- Bowl, worked for the American School of by his wife, Ruth, and a daughter. gary after World War II to study chemical

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Layout_Deaths_Win18_v8.indd 77 1/29/19 3:19 PM engineering in Allied-occupied Austria. After lieutenant in the US Army Corps of Engi- she taught for nearly three decades. An art- emigrating to the United States in 1951 and neers, McCarron spent nearly four decades ist with a degree in interior design, she prac- earning his doctorate in chemistry, he worked as a research and development chemist in ticed ceramics and painting in retirement. for Borg-Warner’s Marbon Chemical division 3M Company’s new product development, She is survived by two sisters. in Amsterdam and later became director of new business acquisitions, and information Sean R. O’Brien, MD’75, died September 10 in industrial technology for the United Nations technology divisions. He is survived by his Catonsville, MD. He was 68. After a residency Industrial Development Organization in wife, Margaret; two daughters; a son; a sister; at the University of Maryland Medical Center Vienna. He is survived by his wife, Sigrid; a two brothers; and 11 grandchildren. and a fellowship at DC Children’s Hospital daughter; two sons; and four grandchildren. Richard Elden, MBA’66, died June 27 in Chi- (later renamed Children’s National Health M. Edward Davis Jr., LAB’53, AB’59, cago. He was 84. A former Chicago business System), O’Brien spent his career in Baltimore MBA’59, died April 9 in Indianapolis. He reporter who became an investment ana- as a pediatric and adult allergist and immu- was 80. Davis worked for most of his career lyst for brokerage and investment bank A. nologist. He was a fellow of the American at the commercial printing company RR G. Becker & Co., Elden founded Grosvenor Academy of Pediatrics and of the American Donnelly, later joining the United Way of Partners, now GCM Grosvenor, in 1971. He Academy of Allergy and Immunology. He Chicago as a fundraiser. He is survived by led the hedge fund management firm until is survived by his wife, Eileen Day O’Brien, his wife, Jane; a daughter; and three sons. 2005. He was later a principal in Lakeview AM’73; and a daughter. Alan B. Anderson, DB’59, AM’66, PhD’75, Investment Manager, a fund focused on ac- Anjani K. Sinha, PhD’79, of Delhi, India, died died September 3 in Bowling Green, KY. He tivist investors. He is survived by his wife, October 18. He was 83. Sinha taught English was 83. Anderson taught at the UChicago Gail M. Elden, LAB’51, AM’73; a daughter; a literature and researched English language Divinity School, Wilberforce University, and son, Thomas Elden, AB’86; and a sister, Joan teaching in India before earning his doc- the University of North Carolina at Greens- (Elden) Feitler, AM’55. torate in linguistics. Returning to India, he boro before becoming head of Western Ken- Melvin “Mel” M. Shields, AB’67, MAT’69, died taught at Osmania University and in 1980 tucky University’s philosophy and religion September 21 in Reno, NV. He was 73. After a joined the University of Delhi’s linguistics department in 1985, where he remained for stint as a Chicago-area high school teacher, faculty, where he retired as chair in 2000. 27 years. A civil rights activist, he cowrote Shields moved to Reno and taught English An expert in both theoretical linguistics Confronting the Color Line: The Broken Prom- at two local high schools during his three- and English language pedagogy, he pub- ise of the Civil Rights Movement in Chicago decade career. In his sideline as an enter- lished three books in retirement, including (1986). He is survived by his wife, Denise; tainment writer, he covered Nevada casino Empowering Communication Skills (2015). two daughters; and four grandchildren. shows for Variety and the Sacramento Bee. He is survived by his wife, Usha Kiran Sinha, James Gordon Emerson Jr., PhD’59, of San He is survived by a brother. AM’78; a son; and two grandchildren. Francisco, died September 12. He was 92. A Nancy Patricia Kelly, AB’69, died Septem- Presbyterian minister, Emerson served as ber 24 in Oakland, CA. She was 71. A lawyer 1980s general director of New York City’s Commu- and social justice activist, Kelly worked as nity Service Society and senior pastor at Den- an administrative law judge for the State of Anne Coventry Bell, AM’87, of Ithaca, NY, ver’s Central Presbyterian Church before California. She is survived by two sisters. died of ovarian cancer September 8. She was leading San Francisco’s Calvary Presbyteri- 68. A former librarian at the University of Chi- an Church from 1979 to 1989. He then served 1970s cago Laboratory Schools, Bell later worked as a missionary in India, Taiwan, China, Ko- for two decades as a librarian at Ithaca High rea, Thailand, and Indonesia. He is survived John Iversen, AB’71, died of a stroke October School. She is survived by her wife, Elisabeth by a daughter, two sons, eight grandchildren, 1 in Berkeley, CA. He was 69. Active in anti– Jude Lindsay; a daughter; a son, Joshua and two great-grandchildren. Vietnam War demonstrations at UChicago, Garbarino, LAB’95; two sisters; and a brother. Iverson, who was a member of the Bois Forte 1960s Band of Chippewa, worked with the United 1990s Farm Workers in Madison, WI, before par- Kenneth Lance Haddix, AB’61, died January ticipating in the 1973 Wounded Knee inci- Jon A. Aldecoa Olaneta, MBA’98, of Vitoria- 13, 2018, in Syracuse, NY. He was 78. Recipi- dent. He later became an HIV/AIDS rights Gasteiz, Spain, died of a sudden illness Octo- ent of the College’s Howell Murray Alumni activist in the San Francisco Bay Area, help- ber 2. He was 60. An expert in pension fund Association Award for his contributions ing found ACT UP/East Bay and the Berke- management, Aldecoa was for more than a to campus life, Haddix earned a JD and ley Needle Exchange. He is survived by a decade chief executive officer of Elkarkidetza, worked in loan and real estate law at Chi- brother and his mother. a Spanish welfare and retirement savings cago’s American National Bank before he Elizabeth Lamb Wegener, AM’72, of Madi- institution known as an EPSV (Organiza- was appointed the Illinois Racing Board’s son, WI, died May 20. She was 97. Wegener tion for Voluntary Social Provisions). After state director of mutuels in 1973. He served taught for two decades at Walter Scott El- earning his MBA, he was appointed techni- on the Illinois ACLU’s board of directors and ementary School in Chicago’s Woodlawn cal secretary of Basque Country Federation appeared before the US Supreme Court in a neighborhood and for a time at the Universi- EPSV, later becoming chief executive of the 1979 case involving political ballot access. He ty of Chicago Laboratory Schools. She was a pensions consultancy Novaster Investments is survived by his wife, Madelynn; two sons; member of the Hyde Park Neighborhood Club EAFI and an advocate for socially responsi- and two grandchildren. and the League of Women Voters. Her hus- ble investing. He is survived by a daughter, Barbara J. Hillman, AB’63, JD’66, died June band, Charles W. Wegener, AB’42, PhD’50, two sons, and a brother. 5 in Chicago. She was 75. A labor lawyer the Howard L. Willet Professor Emeritus in Joel L. Heilprin, MBA’98, of Cambridge, MA, and civil rights activist, Hillman joined the the College, died in 2002. She is survived by died August 7. He was 51. A certified pub- Chicago firm Cornfield and Feldman in the three daughters, Paula C. Gowans, LAB’65, lic accountant, Heilprin worked in private mid-1960s and became partner in 1971. She AM’89, Julie J. Schiller, LAB’68, and Amy W. equity and corporate finance at Fremont helped organize tenant unions during the Noble, LAB’73; and three grandchildren. Group, Juno Investments, and 59th Street Chicago Freedom Movement, represented Mary Rose Shaughnessy, PhD’73, of Chicago, Partners, where he was founder and manag- the nonprofit Treatment Alternatives to died January 22, 2018. She was 86. Shaugh- ing director. A research and teaching fellow Street Crime, and served as chief counsel nessy was a member of the Sisters of the Holy at Harvard Business School, he was an in- in contract negotiations for the American Cross and taught at St. Mary’s College before structor at the Illinois Institute of Technol- Guild of Musical Artists. she left the congregation to earn her doctor- ogy’s Stuart School of Business and the New Peter A. McCarron, MBA’64, of St. Paul, MN, ate in English. In 1968 she joined Chicago York Institute of Finance. He is survived by died September 9. He was 82. A onetime first State University’s English faculty, where his mother and sister.

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Classifieds_Win 19_v6.indd 79 1/29/19 4:14 PM What would you want to be doing if not teaching? The boring answer, which is probably the true one, is that I would return to being a practicing lawyer, but the fantasy answer is that I would try to find some way of turning my obsessive habit of writing Yelp reviews into a job.

What book, work, or idea do you relish teaching? The Constitution of the United States. Almost all of constitutional law is taught in law school through the lens of interpretations—decisions by the Supreme Court or other government institu- tions. But on the very first day of my class, we read only the Constitution itself, in its entirety. And ev- ery year the students find things that are obscured to those who read only interpretations.

What book changed your life? In college, I got the sense that I was a little clue- less about various social niceties and for some rea- son decided to solve this problem by reading Miss Manners’ Guide to Excruciatingly Correct Behavior. The results were life changing. Not so much be- cause I learned how to address an ambassador or use an oyster fork, but because Miss Manners ac- tually contains deep principles for human relation- ships: that sometimes giving less of an explanation is kinder than giving more; that you can be polite without being a pushover; and—most important- ly—that the rules of etiquette are separate from any kind of moral approval of the people to whom THE UCHICAGOAN we are polite. This is what makes society possible in a world of political and moral disagreement. Oh, and Miss Manners gives surprisingly good William Baude romantic advice too! SB’04 What’s your least useful talent? Reciting “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” Questions for the College alumnus from memory. and Law School professor. What advice would you give to a brand- new Maroon? The same advice I was lucky enough to get from a first-year professor. Keep a list of every book Ball Robert by Illustration you read starting now. You’ll treasure it (814 books) later.

TO READ THE FULL Q&A, VISIT MAG.UCHICAGO.EDU/UCHICAGOAN.

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