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Cause Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Dizziness Ethane Common Name: ETHANE CAS Number: 74-84-0 DOT Number: UN 1035 (gas) RTK Substance number: 0834 UN 1961 (refrigerated liquid) Date: January 1997 Revision: June 2003 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------- HAZARD SUMMARY WORKPLACE EXPOSURE LIMITS * Ethane can affect you when breathed in. No occupational exposure limits have been established for * Exposure can cause headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness Ethane. This does not mean that this substance is not and lightheadedness. Very high levels can cause harmful. Safe work practices should always be followed. suffocation from lack of Oxygen. * Contact with liquid Ethane can cause frostbite. * Large amounts of Ethane will decrease the amount of * Ethane is a HIGHLY FLAMMABLE GAS and a available Oxygen. Oxygen content should be routinely DANGEROUS FIRE HAZARD. tested to ensure that it is at least 19% by volume. IDENTIFICATION WAYS OF REDUCING EXPOSURE Ethane is an odorless, colorless gas or a liquid under * Where possible, enclose operations and use local exhaust pressure. It is used as a fuel, in making chemicals, or as a ventilation at the site of chemical release. If local exhaust freezing agent. ventilation or enclosure is not used, respirators should be worn. REASON FOR CITATION * Wear protective work clothing. * Ethane is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is * On skin contact with liquid Ethane, immediately submerse cited by ACGIH, DOT, DEP and NFPA. the affected body part in warm water. * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance * Permanently installed analyzers should be used to monitor List because it is FLAMMABLE. for Ethane. * Definitions are provided on page 5. * Post hazard and warning information in the work area. In addition, as part of an ongoing education and training HOW TO DETERMINE IF YOU ARE BEING effort, communicate all information on the health and safety hazards of Ethane to potentially exposed workers. EXPOSED The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public employers to provide their employees with information and training concerning chemical hazards and controls. The federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, 1910.1200, requires private employers to provide similar training and information to their employees. * Exposure to hazardous substances should be routinely evaluated. This may include collecting personal and area air samples. You can obtain copies of sampling results from your employer. You have a legal right to this information under OSHA 1910.1020. * If you think you are experiencing any work-related health problems, see a doctor trained to recognize occupational diseases. Take this Fact Sheet with you. ETHANE page 2 of 6 This Fact Sheet is a summary source of information of all the site of chemical release. Isolating operations can also potential and most severe health hazards that may result from reduce exposure. Using respirators or protective equipment is exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance less effective than the controls mentioned above, but is and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the sometimes necessary. potential effects described below. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In evaluating the controls present in your workplace, consider: (1) how hazardous the substance is, (2) how much of the HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION substance is released into the workplace and (3) whether harmful skin or eye contact could occur. Special controls Acute Health Effects should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur significant skin, eye, or breathing exposures are possible. immediately or shortly after exposure to Ethane: In addition, the following controls are recommended: * Exposure can cause headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and lightheadedness. Very high levels can cause * Where possible, automatically transfer Ethane from suffocation from lack of Oxygen. cylinders or other storage containers to process containers. * Contact with liquid Ethane can cause frostbite. * Before entering a confined space where Ethane may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration Chronic Health Effects does not exist. The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at * Before entering a confined space where Ethane is present, some time after exposure to Ethane and can last for months or check to make sure sufficient Oxygen (19%) exists. years: * Specific engineering controls are required for this chemical by OSHA. Refer to the OSHA Standard: 29 CFR 1910.101 Cancer Hazard Compressed Gases. * According to the information presently available to the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Ethane Good WORK PRACTICES can help to reduce hazardous has not been tested for its ability to cause cancer in animals. exposures. The following work practices are recommended: Reproductive Hazard * Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by Ethane * According to the information presently available to the New should change into clean clothing promptly. Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Ethane * Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by has not been tested for its ability to affect reproduction. individuals who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to Ethane. Other Long-Term Effects * Eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work area for emergency use. * No chronic (long-term) health effects are known at this * If there is the possibility of skin exposure, emergency time. shower facilities should be provided. * On skin contact with Ethane, immediately wash or shower MEDICAL to remove the chemical. * Do not eat, smoke, or drink where Ethane is handled, Medical Testing processed, or stored, since the chemical can be swallowed. There is no special test for this chemical. However, if illness Wash hands carefully before eating, drinking, applying occurs or overexposure is suspected, medical attention is cosmetics, smoking, or using the toilet. recommended. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for WORKPLACE CONTROLS ARE BETTER THAN damage already done are not a substitute for controlling PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. However, for exposure. some jobs (such as outside work, confined space entry, jobs done only once in a while, or jobs done while workplace Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right controls are being installed), personal protective equipment to this information under OSHA 1910.1020. may be appropriate. WORKPLACE CONTROLS AND PRACTICES OSHA 1910.132 requires employers to determine the appropriate personal protective equipment for each hazard and Unless a less toxic chemical can be substituted for a hazardous to train employees on how and when to use protective substance, ENGINEERING CONTROLS are the most equipment. effective way of reducing exposure. The best protection is to enclose operations and/or provide local exhaust ventilation at ETHANE page 3 of 6 The following recommendations are only guidelines and may QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS not apply to every situation. Q: If I have acute health effects, will I later get chronic Clothing health effects? * Avoid skin contact with Ethane. Wear protective gloves A: Not always. Most chronic (long-term) effects result from and clothing. Safety equipment suppliers/manufacturers can repeated exposures to a chemical. provide recommendations on the most protective glove/clothing material for your operation. Q: Can I get long-term effects without ever having short- * Where exposure to cold equipment, vapors, or liquid may term effects? occur, employees should be provided with special clothing A: Yes, because long-term effects can occur from repeated designed to prevent the freezing of body tissues. exposures to a chemical at levels not high enough to make * All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) you immediately sick. should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. Q: What are my chances of getting sick when I have been exposed to chemicals? Eye Protection A: The likelihood of becoming sick from chemicals is * Wear indirect-vent, impact and splash resistant goggles increased as the amount of exposure increases. This is when working with liquids. determined by the length of time and the amount of * Wear non-vented, impact resistant goggles when working material to which someone is exposed. with fumes, gases, or vapors. * Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with Q: When are higher exposures more likely? corrosive, highly irritating or toxic substances. A: Conditions which increase risk of exposure include physical and mechanical processes (heating, pouring, Respiratory Protection spraying, spills and evaporation from large surface areas IMPROPER USE OF RESPIRATORS IS DANGEROUS. such as open containers), and "confined space" exposures Such equipment should only be used if the employer has a (working inside vats, reactors, boilers, small rooms, etc.). written program that takes into account workplace conditions, requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing and Q: Is the risk of getting sick higher for workers than for medical exams, as described in OSHA 1910.134. community residents? A: Yes. Exposures in the community, except
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