Art & Culture April 15, 2018 3 This Day in History 36th Fajr Int’l Film Festival Unveils (April 15) Today is Sunday; 26th of the Iranian month of Farvardin 1397 solar hijri; corresponding to 28th of the Islamic month of Rajab 1439 lunar hijri; and April 15, 2018, of the Christian Gregorian Calendar. 1379 lunar years ago, on the eve of this day in 60 AH, Imam Husain (AS), the younger ‘Cup of Divination’ Titles grandson and 3rd Infallible Heir of Prophet Mohammad (blessings of God upon him and These titles include “Hendi his progeny), was informed by the Omayyad governor of Medina, Waleed ibn Otbah, of & Hormoz” by Abbas Amini, the death of the usurper Mu’awiyyah in Damascus and asked to give oath of allegiance to the illegal rule of his libertine son, Yazid – named caliph in violation of the terms of the “Dressage” by Pouya Badkoubeh treaty Mu’awiyyah had signed with the Prophet’s elder grandson, Imam Hasan Mojtaba and “Walking on String” by (AS), nineteen years earlier. Imam Husain (AS) turning down the illogical demand left Ahmadreza Motamedi. for Mecca, along with his family so as to avoid tension and bloodshed. Yazid, however, Cup of Divination section of Fajr tried to press his illegal demand of allegiance, and the Imam anxious against the spilling International Film Festival will of innocent blood on this sacred land, left five months later for Iraq on the persistent host 11 movies from Argentina, invitation of the people of Kufa. He was tragically martyred at Karbala due to the treason Spain, Austria, Lithuania, France, of the Kufans. 623 solar years ago, on this day in 1395 AD, Amir Timur (Tamerlane) defeated Poland, Romania, Belgium, Tokhtamysh, the ruler of the vast Golden Horde Khanate of Eurasia, at the Volga in the Bosnia, and South Korea. Battle of Terek River, during the bloody 16-year struggle between the two, known as the Fajr International Film Festival Tokhtamysh–Timur War. The Golden Horde capital city, Sarai, was razed to the ground celebrates cultural exchange, and Amir Edigu, installed on the throne. Tokhtamysh escaped to Lithuania, where with displays creative achievements help from Duke Vytautas, he made a bid to regain his throne, but the combined forces of highly acclaimed cineastes were defeated in the Battle of the Vorskla River in 1399 by Edigu and Timur’s general, Khan Temur Qutlugh. and showcases films promoting 566 solar years ago, on this day in 1452 AD, the Italian painter, sculptor, architect and artistic contribution to the engineer, Leonardo da Vinci, was born. He is regarded as one of the greatest painters of medium. all times, best known for such masterpieces as “Mona Lisa” and “The Last Supper”. He The festival comprises sections died in 1519. such as Cinema Salvation, Eastern 549 solar years ago, on this day in 1469 AD, founder of the Sikh religion, Guru Nanak, Vista and Cup of Divination. was born in what is now Nankana Sahib, Punjab, near Lahore in Pakistan. On growing up It also enjoys parallel sections, he became disillusioned by the weird practices of the Hindus such as idol-worship, the divisive caste system, etc. He travelled widely, as far as Baghdad and holy Mecca, and as is A still from “Dressage” by Pouya Badkoubeh. including Docs in Focus. clear from his teachings, he became profoundly impressed by the egalitarian teachings of The 2018 edition of Fajr the divine message of Islam. He thus taught that God is One, is Omnipotent, Omnipresent, TEHRAN (Dispatches)-The 36th has announced a lineup of three Divination (Festival of Festivals) International Film Festival is without shape and form, not bound by time, and cannot be perceived by the physical eye Fajr International Film Festival Iranian films to compete at Cup of section of the event. scheduled for April 19-27, 2018. of creatures. According to him the Sikhs should have control over their internal vices and adhere to the virtues clarified in their religious book, the Guru Granth Sahib. He died in 1539 at the age of 70. 529 solar years ago, on this day in 1489 AD, the Ottoman master architect, Me’mar ‘Searing Summer’ to Compete at Sinan, was born in Cyprus to Greek Christian parents. He designed and built over three hundred structures, including mosques, bridges, caravanserais, etc., in Istanbul, Damascus, Night Owls Have Higher Aleppo and other cities. His masterpieces include, the Suleimaniyah Mosque Complex in Beijing International Film Festival Istanbul. He is often compared to the Italian Sculptor, Michelangelo. 376 solar years ago, on this day in 1642 AD, Suleiman II, the 20th Ottoman sultan and Risk of Dying Sooner 13th self-styled Turkish caliph, was born to Ashoub Sultan, a Serb concubine of Sultan Ibrahim, originally named Katrina. 345 lunar years ago, on this day in 1094 AH, the Ottoman army led by Sultan Mohammad IV began the second siege of the Austrian capital Vienna which lasted for two months and ended in the defeat of the Turkish army by the combined forces of the holy Roman Empire in league with the Polish-Lithuanian alliance. The defeat marked the decline of Ottoman power in Europe 311 solar years ago, on this day in 1707 AD, Swiss mathematician, physicist, and astronomer, Leonhard Euler, was born. He made discoveries in mechanics and has left behind valuable notes about the changes in planets. He authored several books in chemistry and metaphysics. At the age of 60, he went blind and died in 1783. 262 solar years ago, on this day in 1755 AD, British writer Dr. Samuel Johnson published his “Dictionary of the English Language”, a selective English lexicon, after 9 years of work. The 1st edition had 42,773 entries. 253 solar years ago, on this day in 1765 AD, Russian poet and literary figure, Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov, died at the age of 54. Through extensive research, he standardized the Russian literary language and is known as Father of Russian Literature. 153 solar years ago, on this day in 1865 AD US President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a few days after victory of the Unionists in the Civil A still from “Searing Summer”. War against the Confederates and the end of slavery. 110 lunar years ago, on this day in 1329 AH, one of the renowned poets of the Caucasus TEHRAN (Dispatches)-Iranian “Searing Summer” by Ebrahim region, Mirza Ali Akbar Saber, died at the age of 51. He was born in the city of Shervan in LONDON (Dispatches)-People not sleeping enough, being awake Irajzad is to compete at the 8th Beijing International Film Festival in what is now the Republic of Azerbaijan, which before the Russian occupation in the first China. half of 19th century was an integral part of Iran. Most of his poems were in admiration of who prefer to stay up late and sleep at night by yourself, maybe drug The movie will compete with works from China, India, Georgia- Prophet Mohammad (SAWA) and the Infallible Imams of the Ahl al-Bayt, as well as on late have 10 percent higher risk of or alcohol use. There are a whole social problems of the era. Estonia, Czech Republic, France, Romania and Austria. 106 solar years ago, on this day in 1912 AD, two hours and 40 minutes after colliding dying sooner than larks, people variety of unhealthy behaviors The Beijing International Film Festival (BjIFF 2018) consists of with an iceberg, the luxury British ocean liner “Titanic” sank in the North Atlantic Ocean who go to bed early and rise early, related to being up late in the dark seven major sections--Tiantan Award selection, Opening Ceremony, off Newfoundland with the loss of about 1,522 lives. Only 705 passengers and crew reports a new study. by yourself.” Beijing Film Panorama, Theme Forum, Film Market, Film Carnival and survived the disaster. According to a new study from Scientists found owls had higher Closing & Awards Ceremony. 102 lunar years ago, on this day in 1337 AH, Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Mohammad Kazem Tabatabaei Yazdi, passed away in holy Najaf, Iraq, Born in Yazd, after completing Northwestern Medicine and the rates of diabetes, psychological Since its inception in 2011, BjIFF has been an exchange platform his studies in his hometown and Isfahan, under prominent ulema, he left for Iraq for higher University of Surrey in the United disorders and neurological between domestic and foreign films. The event will be held on April 15-22, 2018 in Beijing, China. studies at the famous seminary of holy Najaf, where he reached the status of Ijtehad. Kingdom (UK) on nearly half a disorders. Later as head of the Islamic seminary, he set up charities, mosques, and schools. Among his books mention should be made of the voluminous jurisprudential work “al-Orwat al- million participants in the UK Wosqa.” Biobank , ‘owls’ have higher risk 82 solar years ago, on this day in 1936 AD, the 3-year long “Great Arab Revolt” against of mortality and also suffer from British occupation of Palestine and the illegal migration of European Jews to this Muslim land, started, five months after martyrdom of the famous combatant, Ezz ed-Din Qassam. more diseases and disorders than 72 solar years ago, on this day in 1946 AD, Ayatollah Shaikh Mohammad Taqi Bafqi morning larks. passed away at the age of 72 in Qom, and was laid to rest in the holy mausoleum of Previous studies in this field Hazrat Fatema al-Ma’soumah (SA), the daughter of Imam Musa al-Kazem (AS) – the 7th have focused on the higher rates Infallible Heir of Prophet Mohammad (SAWA). 38 solar years ago, on this day in 1980 AD, French existentialist philosopher, novelist of metabolic dysfunction and and dramatist, Jean-Paul Sartre died in Paris at the age of 74. His work included “Being cardiovascular disease, but this is and Time” and “Nausea”. He won the 1964 Nobel Prize for literature. the first to look at mortality risk. 38 solar years ago, on this day in 1982 AD, , Khalid Ahmad al-Islambouli, the 27-year old Egyptian army officer who executed Egypt’s President Anwar Sadaat in revolutionary “This is a public health issue style during the annual 6th October victory parade in 1981 for having signed in 1978 the that can no longer be ignored,” treasonous Camp David Accord with the illegal Zionist Entity, was martyred after a sham said Malcolm von Schantz, a trial by a military tribunal, along with his three fellow revolutionaries – Junior Sergeant Abdul-Hameed Abdus Salaam, Corporal Ata Tayel Hameeda Raheel, and Corporal professor of chronobiology at the Hussain Abbas. During the trial Khalid Islambouli proudly told the audience: O People! University of Surrey. “We should We have killed the Pharaoh. discuss allowing evening types to 32 solar years ago, on this day in 1986 AD, the US attacked the Libyan cities of start and finish work later, where Tripoli and Benghazi, on the pretext of an alleged Libyan bomb explosion in a restaurant in Germany that killed three US soldiers. The US air raid left several innocent Libyans practical. And we need more martyred and wounded. research about how we can help 26 solar years ago, on this day in 1992 AD, Afghan Mujahedeen overthrew the evening types cope with the higher Communist regime of President Najibullah in Kabul three years after the Soviet withdrawal from this Muslim country. effort of keeping their body clock 24 solar years ago, on this day in 1994 AD, an agreement was signed in Morocco to set in synchrony with sun time.” up the World Trade Organization (WTO) by member countries of the General Agreement “It could be that people who are on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which now became moribund. The US and certain Western states exploit WTO to make world countries bow to their illegal interests. Economists up late have an internal biological believe that the removal of trade tariffs is to the benefit of Western states and to the clock that doesn’t match their detriment of Third World Countries. external environment,” Knutson 20 solar years ago, on this day in 1998 AD, Cambodian dictator Pol Pot died of a heart said. “It could be psychological attack in Anlong Veng, northern Cambodia at the age of 73 Farms in Tuyserkan County in Hamedan Province in the west of Iran. Wheat, canola, garlic and cucumbers are stress, eating at the wrong time for Usually grown on these large farms and workers from nearby areas come to help and earn a living. (Courtesy: IRIB English Radio – http://parstoday.com/en) their body, not exercising enough, Courtesy: Mehr News Agency