Essential Russian-English Dictionary

iPG 12640 E8 C.2 .i#*l ROBA

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http://www.archive.org/details/essentialrussianOOanpiuoft B. G. ANPILOGOVA, E. Y. VLADIMIRSKY,

V. I. ZIMIN, E. Y. SOSENKO ESSENTIAL RUSSIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

PROGRESS PUBLISHERS Moscow PyCCKO-AHrJlHflCKHft JIEKCHHECKHfl MHHHMVM

ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS BY V. KOROTKY

EDITED BY R. DIXON

COVER DESIGNED BY B. TRIFONOV

vS^^ Ot"^ FOREWORD

This book is intended for students studying Russian with or without a teacher (in study groups, at courses, etc.] outside Russian linguistic milieu. It is a dictionary, i.e., besides lists oi the commonest Russian words (vocabulary) with English translations, it gives grammatical characteristics of the words and illustrative material, explaining not only the meanings of the words but their uses as well. The illustrative material consists of phrases and sentences showing the meanings of the words, and brief contexts, which are traditional, ordinary, semantically stable or, in any case, very commonly used, e.g. jiioSobf, k p6- flHHe love for one*s country, c^êJiaxB BLiBo;t to draw a conclusion, coBepmiixb no- ciynoK to perform an action, KaK Bac 30ByT? What is your name?, Mbi onosfla- JiH K naâjiy cneKTaKJiH We were late for the performance, etc. A number of words are followed by the sign <>, after which phrases, proverbs or figurative expressions containing these words are given, e.g. JIlct KaK H3 Be^pa It is raining cats and dogs, Bcero xoporaero All the best, Vm xopomo, a ABa jiynrae Two heads are better than one, etc. The vocabulary comprises some 3,000 of the commonest Russian words. At the end of the Dictionary, thematic word lists are supplied, which widen the scope of the vocabulary. It is hoped that the study of the lexico-grammatical material of the Dic- tionary will provide the necessary foundation for conversation on various everyday subjects and reading of modern Russian fiction and periodicals without consulting a Russian-English dictionary too often. Every article in this Dictionary includes the word under consideration in its initial form and defines it grammatically (either stating what part of speech it is or giving its forms). If a word has several meanings, only the commonest of these are given, each under a separate figure. Homonyms are entered as separate words marked 1, 2, 3, etc. Derivatives are not generally given in the same article as their root words but as caption words, since the Dictionary is based on an exact word count. The part of speech is indicated only in the case of adverbs, numerals, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and particles. Nouns, verbs and adjectives have no such labels, as their grammatical characteristics given in the article define them clearly enough. Nouns are entered in the nominative singular, their gender and the peculiarities in the formation of the case forms, if any, are indicated. In the case of an unstable vowel, the genitive singular (e.g. KOB\en, gen. -ua,end) or genitive plural (e.g. naji|Ka, gen. pi. -ok, stick; okho, gen. pi. okoh, window) is supplied. The paradigms of nouns declined irregularly are given in full. Indeclinable nouns are marked indecl. All those forms of nouns in which there is a stress shift are given, e.g. Boâ, ace. BoAy, water; ctojt, gen. ctoji^, pi. ciojiti, table; etc. Adjectives are entered in the masculine; the feminine, neuter and plural endings following the initial form. The comparative is given only if there are 1* irregularities in its formation (interchange of sounds, suppletion). Short form adjectives are given in the same article as the long form ones. Personal pronouns are followed by their declension paradigms. Possessive and demonstrative pronouns are given in the masculine singular, followed by the feminine, neuter and plural forms. Verbs are entered in the infinitive, followed by the 1st and 2nd persons singular and the 3rd person plural. Cases where a verb form is not used are specially marked, e.g. npoaoJi>KaTbCH to continue, 1st & 2nd pers. not used; no- 6eAiiTb to win, 1st pers. sing, not used, etc. The peculiarities in the formation of the past and the imperative are given. The past is supplied only if it is formed irregularly or if its formation is accompanied by a shift of stress (BesTii to carry — sea, Besjia; bbhtb to take — bbhji, BSflJia). Irregular formations of the imperative are also supplied, e.g. 6HTb to beat — Sen. Aspects of verbs are given in the following manner. In the case of perfective verbs only the infinitive is given, with reference to the imperfective for meaning. Articles containing imperfective forms also include the perfective forms and illustrative examples explaining both forms. After the imperfective forms questions are aupplied helping to determine the government of the verb under consideration and of its perfective counter- part in each of their meanings. If a verb has a different government in one of its meanings, the questions are given for that particular meaning. When a verb is used only in one aspect in one of its meanings, this is always indicated, as well as the cases where the verb has one perfective coun- terpart in one meaning and a different one in another. Questions helping to determine the government of a word are also given after certain nouns, adverbs and adjectives. Assuming that the student will work at the Dictionary simultaneously with studying grammar, forms different from their initial forms are not entered as separate words, e.g. meji (from h^th to go), Bwme (from blicokhh high), MHC (from H /), etc. All such forms can be found in the articles on the initial forms. Exceptions are suppletive forms which are beginning to be used as independent words with a specific meaning (e.g. jiioah people, jiynme better, etc.). In such cases the suppletive forms are entered with reference to their principal forms. Participles and verbal adverbs are not entered at all. In the Supplement, the words are grouped thematically. In the section Names of Nationalities, the head words are the nouns de- noting nationality in the masculine and feminine singular and in the plural. These are followed by the names of the countries and the corresponding adjectives, e.g. ^âuny 3 Frenchman, (^paunymeuKa Frenchwoman; ^paLRU,y3hi the French, (DpanuHH France; (J)paHqy3CKHii French. Forms which have not yet become quite stable are not given. Stress is indicated throughout the Dictionary. The primary stress is marked ['], the secondary [']. All the words without independent stress should be merged in pronunciation with the principal word, as xaK me, na ctoji, hc 6 bin, He cxaji, etc. In some cases the pronunciation is given in square brackets. The Compilers THE RUSSUN ALPHABET

A a Pp

B 6 C c

B B T T r r y y

(D(|.

E e X X

E e nn m JK ^ q

3 3 m m H H m m

H ii ^

K K hi H

JI ji b

M M 9 9

H H 10 K)

o fl fl

n n ABBREVIATIONS ace, accusative n., noun adj., adjective neut., neuter adv., adverb num., numeral ant., antonym p., perfective colloq., colloquial paren., parenthetic comp., comparative pj^rt., participle conj., conjunction pers., person dot., dative philos., philosophy /., feminine pi., plural fig., figurative poss., possessive fut., future pred., predicate gen., genitive predic, predicative i/np., imperfective prep., preposition iniper., imperative prepos., prepositional iinpers., impersonal pron., pronoun indecl., indeclinable q. v., which see inf., infinitive sing., singular instr., instrumental superl., superlative lit., literal usu., usually m., masculine A, a aKa;teMHfl. The Agricultural Academy. yqHXbCfl B aKaêMiiH. To study at an academy. A conj. and AKKYPATHIblfl, -aa, -oe, -He, short H ynycL b ynnBepcHTeTe, a hg b hh- form aKKypaxen, aKKypaxH|a, -o, CTHTyxe. / study at a university, -m; adv. aKKypaxHo painstaking, and not at an institute. Mm HsyâeM punctual pyCCKHH fl3LIK, a OHH aHrJinHCKHH, AKKypaxHMH cxyA^HT. A painstak- We study Russian and they, English. ing, punctual student. IlHcaxb aK- ABryCT m., no pi. August KypaxHO. To write carefully. CeroAHfl AecHToe aBrycTa. Today is AHAJIH3 m. analysis the tenth of August. H npiiexan b AnajiHS H CHHxea. Analysis and aBrycie. / came in August. H npn- synthesis. AnajiHa MejKAynapoflHoro exa.i AecHToro aBrycia. / came on noJiOJKeHHH. An analysis of the in- the tenth of August. ternational ABTOBYC m. bus situation. <> AnajiHS KpoBH. Blood test. Exaxb Ha asToSyce. To go by bus. AHPflHA /., no pi. tonsillitis B aBT66yce mhofo napofly. There y MeHfi anrHHa. / have tonsillitis. are many people in the bus. Bojiexb anrHHOH. To be ill with ABTOMAT m. automatic machine tonsillitis. Tejie(|)6H-aBT0MaT. Public telephone. AIIEJIBCflH m. orange CTanoK-aBTOMax. Automatic machine- BKycHbiH anejibCHH. A tasty orange. tool. KnjiorpaMM anejibCHHOB. A kilo- m. motor-car ABTOMOBflJIb gramme of oranges. Exaxb Ha aBXOMo6HJie. To go by AnJIOAflPIOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox car. imp. KOMy? He My? to applaud ABTOP m. author AnjiOAHpoBaxb apxiicxy. To applaud Abxoj) KHHrn. The author of a book. an actor. ABTOPyMIKA /., gen. pi. -eK foun- AnilETflT m. appetite tain-pen XopomHH annexHX. A good appe- IlHcaxfc aBTopy^KOH. To write with tite. IIpHHXHoro annexHxal / wish a fountain-pen. you a good appetite! ArPECCflBHIblfl, -aa, -oe, -tie aggres- AIIPEJIB m., no pi. April sive CeroAHfl nepBoe anpeJifl. Today is ArpeccHBHaH nojiiixHKa. An aggres- the first of April. Oh npncAex e sive policy. anpeJie. He will come in April. AFPOHOM m. agronomist ^BaAuaxb xpexbero anpenfl mh ea- PaSoxaxb arpOHOMOM. To work as jlHjiH Ha 3KCKypcHH). We went on an agronomist. an excursion on the twenty-third of AJ^PEC m., pi. -a address April. J[ame mhg sam Âpec. Give me your AHTEKA /. chemist's address. Ilocjiaxb nmchud no a^pe- fleJKypnaH anxena. Duty chemist's. cy. To send a letter to an address. HoKynaxb JieKapcxBa b anxeKe. To AKAÊMHH /. academy buy medicine at a chemist's shop. AKa;^6MHH nayK. The Academy of APB]$^3 m. water-melon Sciences. GejibCKOXosHucxBeHHafl Cn^JibiH ap6y3. A ripe water-melon. .

APE BE3

APECTIOBATb, -yio, -yemi.. -yioT Ohh nosHaKOMHJiHCB Ha 6ajiy. They imp. & p. Koro? to arrest met at a ball. ApecTOBaib npeCTynnHKa. To arrest BAJIET m. ballet a criminal. HoBHH 6aJieT. A new ballet. Cmo- APMHH /. army xpexb 6ajiex. To see a ballet. IIohxh CnJibHafl apMHH. A strong army. Ha 6a;iex. To go to a ballet. APTflCT m. actor BAJIKOH m. balcony ApTHCT KHHO. A cinema actor. Ha- BbiiixH Ha 6ajiK6H. To come (go) out poAHMH apTHCT GCGP. A People's on to the balcony. Artist of the USSR. BAHK m. bank APXHTEKTOP m. architect TocyAapcxBeHHUH 6aHK. The State TjiaBHWH apxHTCKTop. The chief Bank. HaiîioHajiBHUH 6aHK. The architect. IIpoeKT apxHxeKTopa. The National Bank. architect's project. BAHIKA /., gen. pi. -ok jar ACOHPAHT m. post-graduate student GxeKJiHHHafl 6aHKa. A glass jar. AcnnpaHT Ka(J)eApH MaxeMaTHKH. BAHH /. bath-house A post-graduate of the Mathematics BACKETBOJI m., no pi. basket-ball Chair. IlrpaxB B 6acKex66ji. To play bas- Atom m. atom ket-bfll Atom BOHopoAa. A hydrogen atom. BACCEHH m. ATOMH|blfl, -afl, -oe, -He atomic 1. swimming-pool. HjiaBaxb b 6ac- AxoMHaa aneprHH. Atomic energy. cefme. To swim in a swimming- AxoMHafl 8JieKTpocTaHD;Hfl. An atom- pool. ic power-station. Atomhhh Jieô- 2. basin. KaMeHHoyroJibHLiw 6ac- KOJi. An atomic ice-breaker. Atom- ceHH. A coal basin. Hafl 66m 6a. An atomic bomb. BAnilHH /., gen. pi. -en tower AYAHTOPHfl /. BbicoKaH 6amHfl. A high tower. 1. lecture-room. IlHTafl ay^HTopHH. KpeMJieBCKne 6amHH. The Kremlin Lecture-room No. 5. Mm sann- towers. MacMCfl B TpeTfceu ayAHTopHH. BEFAITb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. to run We have our lessons in Room JleTii 6eraiox b ca^y. The children Three. are^ running about in the garden. 2. audience. BHHMaTejiLnafl ay^H- EEJIA /., pi. 6eAH misfortune, trouble TopHH. An attentive audience. JXpyr noMor MHe b 6eAe. My friend ABPO^POM m. aerodrome helped me in my need. Ha aapoflpoMC. At the aerodrome. BE^HIblH, -aa, -oe, -Lie, short form Exaxfc Ha aapoApoM. To drive to 6eAeH, 6eAHa, 6eAH|o, -h; adv. 6eAH0 the aerodrome. 1. poor. BeAHaa cxpana. A poor A3POnOPT m., prepos. b aaponopxy country. Oh 6eji 6eAH0 OAex. airport He was poorly dressed. BcxpeHaxb êjieraqHio b aaponopxy. 2. fig. poor, y aero 6eAHoe boo6- To meet a delegation at the airport. paJKeHHC. He has a poor imagi- nation. 3. fig., only complete form poor. BeAHaa meHmiinal Ona noxepajia B, 6 Cbiaa. The poor woman! She has lost her son.

BAfiynilKA /., gen. pi. -eK grand- BE^ATB, 6ery, 6eH«Hmb, 6eryx imp. mother 1. to run. CnopxcMCH 6e?KHx 6bi ex- BA3A /. po. The sportsman runs quickly. 1. basis. 9K0H0MHHecKafl 6a3a. An 2. fig. to fly. BpeMH 6ejKiix. Time economic basis. flies. 2. base. BoeHHaa 6a3a. A military BE3 prep. -\- gen. without base. Han 6e3 caxapa. Tea without sugar. BAJI m., prepos. ua 6ajiy & o daJie; XoAHXb 6e3 manKH. To go without pi. -M ball a cap. .

BE3 BHJI

<> Be3 nflTH MHHyT BOceMb. Five BecHJiaxHoe o6yHeHHe. Free educa- minutes to eight. Hex jûMa 6e3 tion. BecnjiaxHoe MeAHi^HHCKoe o5- orHfl (proverb). There is no smoke CJiyjKHBaHiie. Free medical service. without a fire. OxflMxaxb 6ecnjiaxH0 b canaxopuH. BE3PAB0TH|blfl m., gen. -oro unem- To have free lodgings and board in ployed person a sanatorium. Oh 6e3pa6oTHHH. He is unemployed. BECnOKOlHTbCH, -locb, -nmbCH, BEJIIMB, -aH, -oe, -ue white -axcfl imp. KOM? o HeM? BeJiaH CKaxepTb. A white table-cloth. 1. to worry, to be anxious. Becno- <> Bejibiii xjie5. White bread. KOHXbCfl o AexHX. To worry about BEJIbE neut., no pi. underwear; linen the children. BecnoKoiixbCH o HafleTb qiicToe 6ejiLe. To put on SflopoBbe. To be concerned with clean underwear. OTâxb 6ejibe b one's health. CTHpKy. To give out one's washing. 2. to bother. He 6ecnoK6fixecb, h IIocTeJibHoe 6ejibe. Bed-linen. caM 3X0 cpênaio. Don't bother, BEPEF m., prepos. o Gepere & na 6e- I'll do it myself. pery; pi. -a bank, shore BECnOKOnHlblfl, -an, -oe, -tie; adv. Beper peKii. The bank of the river. Seen OKo MHO Beper oaepa. The shore of the lake. 1. restless. BecnoKOHHafl H«i3Hb. OxAMxaxb na 6epery MopH. To rest A restless life. at the sea'side. 2. restless. BecnoKOHHBiH qejiOBeK. BEPEHB, 6epery, 6epe}KemL, 6eperyx, A restless person. past 6eper, 6eperji|a, -6, -h imp. 3. fig. agitated. BecnoKOHHoe Mope. K r 6? H X o? to take care (of) A choppy sea. Beperwxe SAopoBbe. Take care of BECnOJIE3HlbIH, -an, -oe, -tie, short your health. Bepe^b êxen. To take form 6ecnojre3eH, Secnojieanla, -o, care of the children. Bepe^b -bi; adv. 6ecnojie3HO useless BpeMH. To make the most of one's Becnojie3Hoe aauHXHe. A useless time. occupation. BECnOMOmHlbin, -an, -oe, -we, short BECEJÂ /. conversation form 6ecn6MOm,eH, 6ecn6MomH|a, -o, /lIpyHêcKafl Secefla. A friendly con- -h; adv. GecnoMomHO helpless versation. Becxii 6eceAy. To carry BecnoMomHuii peGenoK. A helpless on a conversation. child BECEJi;iOBATB, -yio, -yemb, -yiox imp. BECnOPHAlOK m., gen. -Ka disorder C KeM? KOM? HCM?//?. DO- BecnopHAOK b KOMnaxe. Disorder GecefllOBaxb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox to in the room. talk BHBJIHOTEKA /. library H 6eceAyK) c xoBapnmeM o hoboh HaynnaH 6H6JiHoxeKa. A scientific KHHre. / am talking about a new book literature library. IlySjiHHHafl 6n6- with my friend. JiHOxeKa. A public library. Bpaxb BECKOHEHHIblfl, -aH, oe, -Me, short KHiirH b 6H6jTHOxeKe. To borrow form 6ecK0HeHeH, 6ecK0HeHH|a, -o, books from a library. -M BHJIET m. 1. endless. BecKOHe^naH paBHHHa. 1. ticket. Bnjiex b xeaxp, b khho. An endless plain. Ha KOHuepx; na noean, na napo- 2. endless. BecKOHe^HbiH cnop. An xofl, Ha caMOJiex. A ticket for the endless argument. theatre, for the cinema, for a con- 3. infinite. Mnp SecKOHeneH. The cert; for a train, for a ship, for world is infinite. a plane. BECnAPTflflHlblfl m., gen. -oro non- 2. card. IlapxHHHEiH 6HJiex. A party party membership card. HpHrJiacMxeJib- Oh 6ecnapxHHHHH. He belongs to no HLiH 6HJiex. An invitation card. party. Gxyj];eHHecKHH 6HJiex. A stu- BECnJIATHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He; adv. dent's card. 6ecnjiaTH0 free, gratis 3. 3K3aMeHan;H6HHbiH 6hji6x. A .

BHO 10 BOJI

question-paper (for oral examina- Gner Sjigctht he cdJiniie. The snow

tions) . is sparkling in the sun. Fjiaaa y nee BHOrPAOHH /. biography 6jiecTHX ox paflocxH. Her eyes are PaccKaaaxb 6Horpd$iiio. To tell one's sparkling with joy. biography. BJIECT}Î^|Hfl, -aH, -ee, -ne BHTb, 6b|K), -eniL, -H)t; imper. 6eH imp, 1. shining. BjiecxamHH npeAM^x. 1. Koro? êM? noHGMy? to A shining object. beat. Oh 6hji co6aKy nanKOH no 2. fig. brilliant. BjiecTflmne ycn6- CDHHe. He heat the dog on the XH. Brilliant success. Bjiecxfln^HH hack with a stick. oxBex. A splendid answer. 2. HTO? qeM? p. paaoiiTL, pa- BJIfi3K|H0, -an, -oe, -He, short form 3o6blK), -emt, -TOT to break. 6JIH30K, 6jiH3Ka, 6jih3k|o, -h; adv. Pa36HTb CTGKJIO KaMHGM. To 6jiu3ko; comp. SjiHjKe hreak a pane with a stone. Paa- 1. near. B;iH3KaH agp^bhh. A near 6HTb cxaKan. To break a glass. village. Jlec h pen^ 6jih3KO. The 3. Koro? p. paaCi'iTb to defeat. river and the forest are close by. PaaSHTb Bpara. To defeat the R jKHBy 6jiii3K0 ox yHHBepcHxe- enemy. xa. / live near the university. A. p. npo6iiTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not 2. figf close. BJIH3KHH flpyr. A used, 3rd pers. npo6b|eT, -k)T close friend. to strike. Bbiox nacbi kpbmjigb- BJIIOAO neut. CKOH The clock the 6amHH. of 1. dish. Oap$6poBoe 6jik)ao. A Kremlin tower is striking. porcelain dish. 6b|K)Cb, -erabCfl, BflTBCH, -iotch imp. 2. course. IlepBoe 6jik)A0. The first 1. to beat. Swjiocb. GepAiê The course. OSeA hb xpex 6jik)a. A heart was beating. three-course dinner. 2. to struggle. Oh aojifo 6viJiCfl na^ BOr [6oxl m., gen. pi. -6b God peraeHHeM saAa'in. He wrestled BepHXb B 66 ra. To believe in God. with the problem for a long time. BOrATCTBO neut. BJIArOÂPlflTb, -K), -limb, -ht imp. 1. wealth. Orp6Mnoe 6oraxcxBo. Koro? HTO? 3a ht6?//>. no6jia- Great wealth. rojtaplHTb, -10, -Hmb, -ht to thank 2. pi. resources. IIpHpoAHHe 6or^T- BjiaroflapK) sac aa BHHMaHHe. (/) cxBa. Natural resources. thank you for your attention. BOrATIblfl, -an, -oe, short BJIArOJÂPH prep. + dat. thanks to, -He, form owing to 6or^T, -a, -0, -m BjiaroâpH ynopnoMy Tpy^y ohh 1. rich. BoraxuH nejioBeK. A rich BwpacTHJiH SoraxLiH ypo?KaH. Thanks person to persistent work they've grown a 2. fig. rich. Boraxmn ypoHtan, rich crop. yji6B. A rich harvest, catch. BJIE^HElTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. /p. BOfl m., prepos. b 6ok) & o 66e; pi. noSjieflHelxb, -lo, -emb, -lox to turn 6oH, 6oeB battle pale norii6Hyxb b 6oi6. To die in bat- no6jieflHeTb ox cxpaxa. To blanch tle. Ha noJie 66h. On the battle- with terror. field. BJI^J\H\hlVL, -an, -oe, -bie, short form BOK m., prepos. b (na) 6oKy; pi. -A side 6jieAeH, 6JIe;^Hd, 6jiâh|o, -h; adv. JlejKaxb Ha 6oKy. To lie on one's SjieflHO side. JIoBepHyxbCH 66kom. To turn 1. pale. BjiÂHoe jihiô. A pale face. side-ways. BjieflHUH ox BOJiHeHHH. Pale BOJIEE adv. more with excitement. B6Jiee bwcokhh. Taller. B6Jiee hh- 2. fig. colourless. Bjiâhmh otb^t. xepeCHWH. More interesting. A colourless answer. <> Ten 66jiee (qTo). The more so\ BJIE|CTETB, -niy, -CTHmb, -cxiix or -my, especially as. Bojiee hjih Menee. 6jien;emb, 6ji6n;yT, 1st & 2nd pers. More or less. rarely used, imp. to shine, to sparkle B0JlE3Hb /. disease, illness BOJI II BOH

TflJKejiafl 6o.ie3Hb. A grave BOJIbfflHHCTBO neut., no pi. ma- disease. jority, most BOJIEH, 6ojiLHJa, -6, -u short adj. used BojibmHHCXBo cxyfleHxoB sanHMaexca as predic. ill {cf. BOJIbHOfl) cnopxoM. Most students go in for fl doJien. / am ill. Ona 6ojiLHa yjKe sports. AaBHo. She has been ill for a long BOJIbiniOfl, -afl, -6e, -He, comp. 66jib- time. me (q. v.) BOJIE|TBS -K), -eniL, -k)t imp. neM? 1. big, large. BojibmoH aom. A big to be ill house. Bojibmaa pena. A large BojieTB jioJiTo. To be ill for a long river. time. Bojiexb rpnnnoM. To be ill 2. great. BojibmaapaAOcxb. A great with the 'flu. H 6ojie;i aHniHon. / joy. had a sore throat. BOMBA /. bomb BOJI|ETb^ 1st & 2nd pars, not used, AxoMHaH 66M6a. An atomic bomb. 3rd pers. -tit, -ht imp. to hurt, to ache BoAopoAHafl 66M6a. A hydrogen y MGHH 60JIHT Hora. My leg hurts bomb. BaopBaxb 66M6y. To explode

me. y MGHH Sojinx roJiOBa . / have a a bomb. headache. Y Hero 6o;ieJiH sySu. BOPlEU; m., gen. -ua fighter He had a toothache. Y Hee 60J111T Bopei^ 3a CBo66Ay- ^ fighter for ropjio. She has a sore throat. freedom. Bopii,w aa Miip. Champions BOJIbHaiÂ /. hospital of peace. Fopo/tCKafl 6ojii>HHiâ. A city hospi- BOPOTbCH, 6opi6cb, 66pembCH, 66- tal. Jle/KaxB B SojiBHiiue. To be in pioxcH imp. 3 a h x 6? 3 a k r 6? hospital. npoxHB Hero? npoxHB ko- BOJIbHO to? c KeM? c HeM? to fight, to 1. adv. badly. MaJiLHim Sojibho struggle yniHScH. The boy hurt himself BopoxbCH c BparoM. To fight the badly. enemy. BopoxbCH c 6ojie3HHMH. 2. predic. impers. it hurts. Mne To fight disease. BopoxbCH 3a Mtip. GoJTbHO. It hurts me. To fight for peace. BOJIbHlOfl, -afl, -6e, -Lie BOPbBA /., no pi. 3 a hxo? 3 a 1. sick, bad, diseased. BoJibHan Koro? npoxHB nero? npo- AeBo^Ka. A sick girl. BojibHoe XHB Koro? c KeM? c êM? cepAUe. A bad heart. 1. fight, struggle. Bopb6a aa neaa- 2. fig. sore. Bojibhoh Bonpoc. A BHCiiMOCXb. Struggle independ- sore problem. 3x0 ero 6oJibH6e for ence. BopbCa npoxHB BparoB. Mecxo. This is his sore spot. The fight against the enemies, BOJIbHlOfl m., gen. -oro; 6ojibH|afl KjiaccoBafl 6opb6a. Class struggle. /., gen. -OH, pi. -bie, gen. -tix sick IIojiHXHHecKafl person, patient 6opb6a. A political struggle. BojibHOH jiemJTX b 6ojibHiin,e. The 2. wrestling. KjiaccHHecKan 6opb- patient is in hospital. Bpan ocMax- 6a. Greco-Roman wrestling. BoJib- pHBaex SojibHoro. The doctor is Hafl 6opb6a. Free style wrestling. examining the patient. BOJIblHE BOTflHlKH pi., gen. pi. -ok; sing. 1. comp. 0/ SojibmoH bigger. Mock- -OK, gen. -Ka boots Ba SoJibme JlennHrpaAa. Moscow KyHHxb 60XHHKH. To buy boots. is bigger than Leningrad. BoxHHKH copoK Bxoporo pasMcpa. 2. comp. of MHoro more. Oh ana ex Size number forty-two boots. Sojibme, qeM a (66jibrae mchh). BO|)lTbCH, -KCb, -iimbcfl, -hxca imp. He knows more than I do. Koro? Hero? & + inf. to be <> Bojibine Bcero. Most of all. afraid, to fear 3. adv. more. BoJibme Hex BonpocoB? BoHXbCfl npocxyAH. To fear a chill. No more questions? fl SoJibme He BoHXbCfl Mopoaa. To be afraid of Mory. / can't endure it any the frost. BoflXbCfl 3a6oJiexb. To be longer. afraid of falling ill. fl 6oi6cb, hxo BPA 12 Byji

ono3flaK) Ha noesA. / am afraid I'll Mbi AOJiro 6poAHJiH no jiecy. We miss the train. roamed the forest for a long time. <> BOJIKOB 60HTbC« — B JieC HB BPOCAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. / xoAHTb (proverb). Cf. Nothing ven- p. 6p6|cHXb, -my, -cnmb, -chx ture, nothing have. Jêjio Macxepa 1. Koro? Hxo? KyAa? to throw. 6eHTCfl (proverb). Gf. He works best BpocHXb pbi6y B BOAy. To throw who knows his trade. a fish into the water, h e m? b BPAT m., pi. 6paTLH, 6paTteB Koro? BO Hxo? Bpociixb brother KaMHeM B OKHO. To throw a CTapniHH 6paT. The elder (eldest) stone at a window. brother. Mnaj^miiik opax. The young- 2. -\-inf. to give up. BpocHXb Ky- er (youngest) brother. pnxb. To give up smoking. <> PoflHoii 5paT. Brother. Jluom- <> Bpocaxb cjiOBa Ha sexep. To poAHbiii 5paT. (First) cousin. talk at random. BPATb, 6ep|y, -emb, -yx, past 6pa;i, BPOCAITbCH, -locb, -embCH, -ioxch 6pajia, 6paJi|o, -h imp. h t o? ko- imp. KyAa? na Kor6?/iP. 6p6|- to?//?. B3flTb, B03LM|y, -cniL, -yT, CHXbCfl, -mycb, -cnmbcn, -chxch to past BBflJI, BSflJia, BBHUJO, -H throw oneself (on), to attack 1. to take. Oh Seper khiifh co Go6afca 6p6cHJiacB na 4eji0BeKa. The CTOJia. He is taking the books dog attacked the man. BpociixbCH off the table. B MOpe. To throw oneself into the 2. 3 a HTo? to take. Bpaxb Koro- sea. HH6yflb 3a pyny. To take some- BPOCHTb see BPOCATb body by the hand. BPOCHTbCH see BPOCATbCH 3. to borrow. Bpaxb KHiini b 6h6- BPK)KH no sing., gen. pi. 6piOK trou- .iHOTene. To borrow books from sers the library. My>KCKHe 6pK)KH. Men's trousers. O BsfliTb ce6fl B pyKH. To pull ByJ^flTb, 6yjKy, 6yAHmb, 6yAHT imp. oneself together. BsflTb cjiobo. To Koro? /p. pa36yARXb, pa36yH{y, take the floor. pasSyAHHib, pa36yAHx to wake BPATLCfl, 6eplycL, -enibca, -yxcfl, Pa36yAHXb xoBapiima. To wake up past 6pajiCH, 6paJi|acb, -ocb, -ncb a friend. imp. 3a Koro? 3a hto ?//?. By^TO conj. as if BSflTbCH, B03bM|yCb, -euibCH, -yTCfl, Oh paccKa3biBaex xaK HHxepecHO, past B3HJICH, B3flJl|aCb, -OCb, -HCb 6yAxo caM Bce axo BiiAeji. He has 1. to take hold of. Oh b3hjich sa such an interesting way of telling pyHKy ,^BepH. He took hold of things as though he had actually the handle of the door. seen them himself. 2. fig. to apply oneself (to). Oh ro- B'yj^yimEE neut., gen. -ero the fu- pflHo BSfiJica 3a paSoxy. He set ture about the work enthusiastically. JlfiTU. — name 6yjs,ymee. Children BPHrAj}[A /. team are our future. B 6yAynêM. In the Bparafla paSonnx. A team of workers. future. BPlITbCH, 6pe|K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch BâyimHH, -afl, -ee, -ne future; imp. HeM?//). no6pHXbCfl, no6pe|- next K)Cb, -enibCH, -IOXCH to shave ByAymaH pa66xa. Future work. B — Bw Speexecb b napHKMaxepcKOH? 6yAymeM roAy. Next year. — Hex, H 6p6K)Cb caM. "Z)o you B^KBA /. letter shave at a barber's?" ''No, I shave B pyccKOM aji$aBHxe 33 6yKBbi. myself." There are 33 letters in the Russian BPOB|B /., gen. pi. -6h eyebrow alphabet. HepHHe 6p6BH. Black eyebrows. ByjIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok roll XMypnxb 6p6BH. To knit one's CAoCnafl 6vJiKa. A bun. brows. ByjIOHHIAH [-mn-] /., gen. -oh bakery BPO^flTB, 6poH«y, CpoAHmb, 6p6AHX Kyniixb xJieSa b 6yjioHHOH. To buy imp. to roam some bread at the baker's. BYM 13 BA3K

BYMArA /. 6biJi Jiec, a xenepb ropo^. There 1. no pi. paper. HiicTaa 6yMara. used to be a forest here, and now Clean paper. ByMara ji^zia nncb- there is a town. B MocKBe MHoro Ma. Note-paper. TeaxpoB. There are many theatres 2.: ll,eHHHe SyMarn. Securities. in Moscow. B^PH /. storm 2. to have. Y Mena ecxb 6pax. / CwjiBHaH 6ypH. A violent storm. have a brother. Y Riena 6bi.T <> Bypfl B CTEKane boaw. A storm 6pax. / had a brother. in a teacup. 3. to be (ecxb is omitted). Gennac ByXEPBPOjt rn. sandwich 3HMa. It is winter now. Bnepa ByTep6p6A c MacjioM. Bread and 6biJi CHer. There was snow yester- butter. ByxepSpoA c BexHHHOH. A day. Bnepa 6bijia naxHHna, ce- ham sandwich. rd;i;Ha cy666xa, a saBxpa 6yflex ByXb'IJIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok bottle BOCKpeceHbe. Yesterday was Fri- ByTWJiKa MOjiOKa. A bottle of milk. day, today is Saturday and to- Bya)£T m. morrow will be Sunday. 1. sideboard. B 6y(j)eTe ctoht nam- 4. to be (ecxb is omitted) Moii 6pax KH H CTaKaHBi. There are cups — HHHteHep. My brother is an en- and glasses in the sideboard. gineer. MoH oxen; 6mji BpanoM. 2. buffet. Bjêr pa66TaeT c 9 ^lacoB. My father was a doctor, fl 6yAy The buffet is open from 9 o'clock. arpoflOMOM. / shall be an agrono- Bbl (B) modal particle, rendered in mist. English by the Conditional Mood and also by the compound pronouns and B, B adverbs whoever, whatever, however, whenever, etc. B (BO) prep. I. 1. ECJIH 6w H 3HaJI, fl 6m hosbo- I. -\- prepos. HHJi Te6e. Had I known, I would 1. in. B HHCbMeHHOM cxojie. In have called you up. the desk. HVxETh b Mockbc. To 2. JlexoM H xoxeJi 6w noexaxt b live in Moscow. IIpoHHxaxb b ra- JleHHHrpaA. / should like to go 3exe. To read in a newspaper. to Leningrad in summer. 2. in. Po;:^HXbCfl b 1949 ro^y. To 3. nieji 6li tli cnaibl You ought be born in 1949. B abrycxe. In to go to bed! August. B nponijiOM BCKe. In II. 1. Kto 6li Mor 3T0 Cflejiaxb? Whoever the last century. could have done that? 3. in. HejioBeK b nepnoM KOcxioMe. BblBAlTb, -10, -enib, -lox imp. A man in a black suit. 1. to go, to visit. H Hacxo 6MBaio II. -j- ace. B xeaxpe. / often go to the 1. in, to, at. nojio>KHXb b mna^. theatre. To put in the wardrobe. IIpHexaxb 2. to be, to occur. 3hm6h 6biBaiox B MocKBy. To come to Moscow. 6ojibmHe Moposbi. There are 2. on, at. B cy666xy b xpn ^laca severe frosts in winter. 6yflex coSpanne. There will be a BKlCTPIblfl, -an, -oe, -me, short form meeting at three o'clock en 6bicxp, 6bicxpa, 6bicxp|o, -bi; adv. Saturday. 6bicxpo quick, swift 3. not translated. IlepeBbinojiHHXb Bbicxpaa peKa. A swift river. Bbicx- njian b j^Ba paaa. To fulfil a po exaxb. To go quickly. plan twofold. BblTb, 3rd pers. sing, of Present Tense BAPOH m. (railway) carriage ecxb is often omitted; fut. 6yji;ly. JKecxKHH Baron. A hard-seated rail- -enib, -yx; past 6biji, 6bijia, 6bijio, way carriage. MarKHH BaroH. A soft- 6bijiH; He 6hji (-o, -h), ne Swjia seated railway carriage. im,p. BAHCH|blQ, -an, -oe, -He, short form 1. there is (are). B Mockbg ecxb Bamen, BaJKna, BajKHJo, -bi; adv. yuHBepcHxex. There is a univer- BaWKHO sity in Moscow. Panbrae aêcb 1. important. BajKHoe coo6^êHHe. BAH 14 BEP

An important announcement (com^ 2. particle but. Beflb axo npasAal munication). BawHUH Bonpoc. But this is the truth/ An important question. 9to hg BEHCJlHBIblfl, -an, -oe, -we, short Ba>KHO. This is of no importance. form BeJKJiHB, -a, -o, -ii; adv. Bern- 2. important, pompous. Oh roBO- JiHBO polite pHJi c Ba?KHHM BHAOM. He was BeJKnHBbiH Majib^HK. A polite boy. speaking with an air of impor- Be>KjiHBO npocHXb. To ask politely. tance. BE3JÊl adv. r a e? everywhere BAHHA /. bath BesAe Jiewaji cner. There was snow IIpHHHTb BaHHy. To take a hath. everywhere. <> C6jiHe*!Hbie BaHHbi. Sun-baths. BE3|Tfl, -y, -emb, -yx, past nea, sea- BosAymHbie BaHHbi. Air-baths. Jija, -6, -li imp. Koro? ^to? BAPEHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ue boiled KyAa? Bapenoe mhco. Boiled meat. 1. to take, to carry. Mamjina Beaex BAPflTb, BapK), Bapnmb, BapflT imp. MOjioKO B ropoA. The truck qTO? //). CBapnTB, CBapio, CBapnrab, is carrying the milk to town. ceapflT to boil, to cook BeaxH peSeHKa b eanaxopHH. To BapjiTb Mflco. To boil meat. Cfia- take the child to the sanatorium. pHTb cyn. To cook soup. Bapiixb 2. imfers. ko My? to be lucky. EMy o6eA- To cook dinner. Beaex. He is lucky. Mne He BAIII, -a, -e, -ii pron. your Besjio. / had no luck. BoT Baraa KOMHaTa. Here is your BEK m., pi. -a, -6b century room. KaK Bame SAopoBbe? How are /^BaAUaxbin BeK. The twentieth cen- you? tury. B npomjioM Bene. In the last BBEFX adv. Kyâ? up(ward) century. GMOxpexb BBepx. To look up. Jle- BEJIlETb, -K), -limb, -hx imp. & p. TOTb BBepx. To fly upward. {past only p.) k o M y? qeMy? BJÂJIll adv. rfle? in the distance -|- inf. to order Bjiajivi HOKaaaJicJi noea^. A train Maxb BeJieJia CMy hohxh b MaraaHH. appeared in the distance. His mother told him to go to the B/ÂJlb adv. Kyâ? into the dis- shop. Ona BejieJia, hx66li oh KyniiJi tance Macjia. She told him to buy some CMOTpeTb Bâjib. To look into the butter. distance. BEJlflK, -a', -6, -H short adj. (cf. B^^BOEM adv. two (together) BOJIblUOfl & BEJIflKHfl) too PaGoTaxb b^bocm. To work together large (two persons). KocxiOM BeJiHK ewy. The suit is too BJÔJIb prep. 4- gen. along large for him. Ty^JiH ea BemiKU. Exaxb Bôjib 6epera Mopn. To drive The shoes are too large for her. along the sea coast. BÔJib ôporH BEJIflKlHfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form pacxyx AepeBbH. There are trees BejiHK, -a, -0, -H great along the road. BejiHKHii yHeHwii. A great scholar. B;^Py^ adv. suddenly BEJIOa/inEJJ, m. bicycle B^pyr nomeji ôJÂt. Suddenly it HoBbiH BeJiocHHeA- -4 new bicycle. started to rain. Exaxb Ha BejiocnneAe. To ride a BE^PO neut., pi. Be^pa, Beêp, bca- bicycle. paM, etc. bucket BEPA f., no pi. B Koro? bo qxo? BeApo BOAH. A bucketful of water. belief, faith <> ÔH

BEP 15 BEq

1. KOMy? HGMy? to believe. H Becennee coJiniie. The spring sun. Te6e Bepio. / believe you. Becennee najibTo. A spring coat. 2. B K r 6? BO H T 6? to have BE|CHTb, -my, -cnmb, -cht imp. to faith (in). BepnTb b Hapo;^, b weigh erd CHJiH. To have faith in the Apoya BecHT nnxb KHjiorpaMMOB. people, in their strength. The water-melon weighs five kilo- BEPHI^Tb, -y, -emt, -yT p. Koro? grarnmes. ^TO? KOMy? to return BECHA /., pi. Becnw spring BepeyTij jiêHhTU TOsapHmy. To re- BECHOfl adv. in spring turn money to one's friend. BecHoH na noJinx xaex oner. In spring the snow BEPHiyXBCH, -ycb, -emtcH, -yxcfl p. thaws in the fields. BECTH, BeAl.y, -erab, -yx, past bcji, K y A ^? o T K y fl a? to come back BeJi|a, -6, -ri imp. BepnyTLca ;i;om6h. To come back home. BepnyTbCH H3 noesflKH. To 1. Koro? Hxo? Kyâ? to take. come back from a trip. Maxb BeAex peSeuKa b AexcKHH caA. The mother is taking her BEPH|blfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form child to the kindergarten. Bepen, Bepna, Bepno, Bepnti; adv. 2. Hxo? to conduct. Becxii ypoK. BepHO To conduct a lesson. 1. faithful. BepHHH Apyr. A faith- <> BecTH xo3flHCTBO. To keep a ful friend. Bepno cJiy>KHTb na- house. poAy. To serve the people faith- 3. to lead. KyAa bcaSx 3xa Aopo- fully. ra? Where does this road lead to? 2. correct. Bepnoe peraeHiie. The <> BecTH ceSn. To behave. PeSenoK correct decision. Bepnan mhcjib. BGAeT ce5H xopomo. The child The right idea. Bepno pemnxb behaves well. On iie yivieeT bbcth saâ^y. To solve a problem cor- ce6n. He can't behave himself. rectly. BECb {gen. Bcero), bch {gen. Bceii), BEPOHTHO paren. word probably Bce {gen. Bcero), Bce {gen. Bcex) GerOAHH MH, BepOHTHO, nOHACM B pron Knno. Today we shall probably go 1. all, whole. Pa66xaxb Becb Aenb. to the cinema. To work the whole day. Pa66xaxb BEPTOJIET m. helicopter BCK) HO^b. To work the whole BepTOJieT HOBOH KOnCTpyKDiHH. A night. helicopter of a new design. 2. used as n. nee everything. Bce BEPXHlHfl, -Hfl, -ee. -ne B nopHAKe. Everything is all 1. upper. BepxnHH aiaJK. The upper right. storey. 3. used as n. ece everybody. Bce 2. outdoor. Bepxnee njiaxte. Out- npnmJiri? Has everybody come? door clothes. BepxHflH OAe^Kâ. <> Bcero xoporaero! All the best! clothes. Outdoor Bce speMH meji ji,o'Mji,h. It was BEPfflflHA /. top raining all the time. Bepmnna êpeBa. The top of a tree. BETIEP m., gen. -pa wind Bepmiina ropH. The top of a moun- IIoAyJi CHJibHWH Bexep. A strong tain. wind blew. BEC m. weight Bf.TlKA /., gen. pi. -ok Bee Tejia. The weight of a body. 1. branch. BexKa SepesLi. A branch BoJibmoH Bee. A great weight. of a birch-tree. BECEJIjblfl, -an, -oe, -bie, short form 2. branch-line. JKeJieanoAopoiKHafl BecejT, Becejia, Becejilo, -u; adv. BexKa. A railway branch-line. Becejio merry, gay BEHEP m., pi. -a Becejibie CTyAeBTbi. Gay students. 1. evening. IIpHHXH aomoh b ceMb BecejiaH neCHH. A merry song. Mne HacoB Beêpa. To come home at BeceJio. / feel gay. seven o'clock in the evening. BECEHHIHfl, -Hfl, -ee, -ne spring 2. evening-party. IlpaaAHHHHbiH BeceHHHH ji,eEh. A spring day. Benep. A festive evening. BEH 16 BHH

MyatmaJiBHUH Beiep. A musical 2. n, grown-up. GJiymancfl B3p6c- evening. JlnTepaxypHUH Beêp. Jibix! Listen to grown-ups/ A literary evening. B3PbIB m. BEHEPHlHfl, -Hfl, -ee, -ne 1. explosion. BspbiB SomSm. A 1. evening. BeHepHHH aapH. Eve- bomb explosion. ning twilight. 2. fig. outburst. BspwB cMexa. An 2. evening. Beqepnee nJiaxLe. An outburst of laughter. evening dress. BeHepHHH (|)a- B3flTb see BPATb KyJiLTex. Evening department. B3HTbCH see BPATbCH BEHEFOM adv. in the evening BJIJI} m. H npHfly K BaM BenepoM. / shall 1. look. BAopoBbiH BHfl. A healthy come to see you in the evening. Bqe- look. BoJibHoft BH/i;. An unhealthy pa BeêpoM y nac 6ujiii tocth. We look. had guests yesterday evening. 2. view. KpacHBHH bh^ na ropofl. BEinAlTb, -K), -eniL, -k)t itiip. k o- A beautiful view of the city. ro? HTO? Kyjs,a?/p. noBe|cHTb, <0> HMGTb B BHAy. To bear in mind. -my, -CHmb, -cht to hang BHJl,^ m. sort, kind, species Bemaxb KapTHHy na cieny. To hang BflÊH, BHflna, bhaho, bh^hm short a picture on the wall. adf. visible neut. BEmECTBO substance rdpoji BPiflen c Mopfl. The town TBepfl;oe BemecxBo. Solid substance. can be seen from the sea. TKiijiKoe Beni;ecxB6. Liquid substance. Bfl/^HO Koro? H X 0? predic. im- ra30o6pa3Hoe BenêcxBo. Gaseous pers. (it is) visible substance. OxcioAa flaJieKO bii;jho! You can see BEmib /., gen. pi. -eft far into the distance from here! 1. thing. Hy>KHafl Bem;i>. A thing Hmero ne bh^ho. Nothing is visible. one needs. \\Usu.pl. Beiii,ii things. Mne xopomd bitaho. / can see OxBeaxH Bemn na BOKsaJi. To well. take one's things to the station. BflmETb, -my, -jiiiuih, -flflx imp. 2. thing. KoMno3Hxop nanncaji xo- Kord? Hxo?//?. yBHl;i;exb, -jKy, pomyio BemB. The composer -ji:Hmb, -AHX to see wrote a good piece. B oKHo fl BHHty cxapbiH napK. / see B3AflMH|blfl, -afl, -oe, -me mutual an old park through the window. BaaiiMHafl jik)66bl. Mutual love. IIjioxo Bir;5exb, To have poor eyesight. B3B0JIH0BATb see BOJIHOBATb Fajj, Bac BMêxb. / am glad to see B3rJIHA m. you. 1. look. IIpHCXaJIbHMH B3rJIHA. A <> BHACTb BCe B pOSOBOM CBCTe. stare. HezKHuft B3rJiflji;. -^'^ To see through rose-coloured spec- affectionate look. BpoCHXb tacles. B3rJiH^. To cast a glance. 2. view. HayHHHe bsfjihabi. Scien- Bil^HMO paren. word apparently tific views. BftflHMO, 3X0 6hji ee snaKOMbiH. It BBrJIflH^Tb, BsrJiHHy, BsrJiRHemb, must have been her acquaintance. BsrJiHHyT p. HaKoro? na hxo? BlI^H|blQ, -afl, -oe, -we eminent to glance Bh;i;hhh yqenbiH. Afi eminent Oh B3rJiHHyji na nacu. He looked scientist. at the clock. BflJIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok fork BSAOXHyTb see Ba^blXATb JI,aHxe, noHtdJiyncxa, BWJiKy. Will B3;:^bIXA|Tb,^ -K), -erab, -lox imp./ you give me a fork, please? Ecxb p. B3AoxH|yxb, -y, -emb, -yx to sigh BHJIKOH. To eat with a fork. TjiySoKo BSAOXHVxb. To heave a BHHA /. fault ^ deep sigh. 3x0 MOH BHHa. It is my fault. 3x0 B30flTfl see BCXOflflTb npoH3omji6 no mo6h bhuo. It has B3P(3CJI|blfl, -afl, -oe, -bie happened through my fault. 1. grown-up. BspocJibiH cwh. A BHHO neut., pi. BHHa wine grown-up son. KpenKoe bhho. Strong wine. Qjiap,. BHH 17 BHH

Koe BHHo. Sweet wine. Cyxoe bhho. -erab, -yT, past BJiea, BjiesJila, -o, Dry wine. -H to climb BHHOBATIWH, -aH, -oe, -He, short MaJibHHK BJies Ha Kpwray. The boy form BHHOBaT, -a, -o, -bi climbed onto the roof. Oh BJies b okho. 1. guilty, fl BHHOBaT nepeA bsmh. He climbed in through the window. / am guilty towards you. Oh hg BJIF3Tb see BJIE3ATb BHHOBaT. He is not guilty. BJIHUHHE neut. influence 2. fig., only complete form guilty. OnasaTb BJiHHHHe na TOBapnraa. To BHHOBaTufi BsrJiHfl. A guilty exert influence on a friend. BbiTb look. BuHOBaToe BbipajKenne jih- Hoa BjTHHHHeM 6paTa. To be under na. A guilty expression on one's the influence of one's brother. face. BJTIOBflTbCH see BJIIOBJIilTbCH BHHOrPA/^ m., no pi. grapes; vine BJlK)BJlH|TbCH, -K)Cb, -eiiibCH, -iotch CJiaAKHH BHHorpaA- Sweet grapes. imp. B Kord? bo ^to?//?. bjik)- BH|CETb, -ray, -ciimb, -cat imp. rfle? 6l'lTbCH, BJIK)6jIl6cb, BJIK)6HrabCH, to hang bjti66htch to fall in love IlaJibTo BHCi'iT Ha BeraaJiKe. The Oh BjTK)6(ijicfl B MOK) cecTpy. He coat is hanging on a hanger. KapTa fell in love with my sister. BHcr'iT Ha CTCHe. The map is hang- BMECTE adv. together ing on the wall. PaOoraTb BMecTe. To work together. BKJIfOHAITb. -K), -emb,^ -iot i?np. BMECTO prep. -\- gen. instead of H t 0^/ p. BKJiK)H|HTb, -y, -lirab, -ax BMecTO ypoKa ceroann 6y;teT aK- to switch on CKypcHH. There will be an excur- BKJiiOHHTb CBeT. To switch on the sion instead of the lesson today. light. BMEinATbCH see BMEUIHBATbCH BKJIIOHfiTb see BKJIIOHATb BMEUlHBAITbCH, -locb, -erabCH,

BKyC m. -lOTCH imp. BO H T 6? / />. BMe- 1. taste, y cyna CTpaHHMH BKyc. malTbCH, -locb, -erabCH, -iotch to The soup tastes queer. interfere 2. fig. taste. OaeBaTbCH co BKycoM. He BMemHBaHTecb ne b cBoe neJio. To dress with taste. Y Hero Don't interfere in what doesn't con- xoporaHH BKyc. He has good cern you. taste. BHA4AJIE adv. at first, at the begin- BKyCHIblfl, -an, -oe. -tie, short form ning ^ BKVceH, BKycna, BKycH|o, -li; adv. BnaqaJie see CJiyraajin BHHMaTejib- BKycHO tasty HO. At first everybody listened at- BKycHuii saBTpaK. A tasty break- tentively. fast. Qua roTOBHT BKycno. She BHE prep. -\- gen. outside cooks tasty meals. Bne AOMa. Outside the house. BJlAJ\E\Th, -10, -erab, -iOT imp. HeM? <> Bne 6»iepeflH. Out of turn. 1. to own. Bjiaj^eTb seMJieii. To BHECTfl see BHOCflTb own land. BHEmHlHW, -flfl, -ee, -ne 2. fig. to know. BjiafleTb HHocTpan- 1, outer, outward. HWM H3E>ik6m. To know a foreign 2. external, foreign. BneraHHH no- language. jiHTHKa. Foreign policy. Bnera- BJlAH{H|blM, -an, -oe, -bie, short form HHH TOproBJTH. Foreign trade.

Bjiawen, BJia>KHa, BJia>KH|o, -w damp BHH3 aofz^. k y fl a? down(ward) BjiawHbiH KJiHMaT. A damp climate. CnycTHTbCH BHH3. To come {go) down.

Bjiawnan TpauKa. A damp rag. BnH3y adv. r fl e? below BJIACTb /. power Bhhsv TeKJia peKa. Down below BwTb (cTOHTb) y BJiacTH. To be in flowed a river. power. BsHTb BJiacTb b cboh pyKH. BHHMAHHE neut. attention To take power into one's hands. BHHMaHHe! Attention! 06pamaTb ITpHHTW K BJiacTH. To come to power. BHHMaHHe Ha ht6-jih6o. To pay BJIE3A|Tb, -K), -erab, -iot imp. na attention to something. HpHSJieKaTb HTO? bo HTO?/ /). BJie3|Tb, -y, BHHMaHHe. To attract attenUon. He 2—4002 BHH 18 B03

oCpamaHTe BHHManHH. Don't pay BOAa. Fruit drink. CxanaH boah. attention. Bjiaro^apio Bac 3a bhh- A glass of water. MaHHe. Thank you for your attention. <0' BuuTH cyxHM H3 BOAbi. To come BHHMATEJIbHiblfl, -an, -oe, -ue, off unscathed. KaK abc Kanjin bo- short form BHiiMaTejien, BHHMaTeJib- AW. As like as two peas. Mnoro H|a, -0, -u; adv. BHHMaiejibHO atten- BOAbi yxeKJio. Much water has tive. BHHMaTejibHMii yqeHHK. An flowed under the bridges. attentive pupil. BmiMaTejibHO HiiTaTt BOJ^flTb, BOJKy, BOAHOib, boaht imp.

KHiiry. To read a hook attentively. 1 . K r 6? H X o? K y A a? to take. BHOCflTb, BHomy, BHOcnnib, bhocht BoAHXb Aexea na nporyjiKy b imp. Koro? h t o? KyA^?/ napK. To take the children out for p. BHeclTif, -y, -eniL, -yx, past bhSc, a walk in the park. BHecji|a, -6, -fi 2. Hxo? to drive, BoAUXb ManiH- BHecTii Bemn b KoMHaxy. To carry HV. To drive a car. the things into the room. BO|EBATb, -lOK), -loemb, -loiox imp. <> BfiecTH npeAJiOHcenne. To table c K e M? c H e M? to fight a motion. Boesaxb c BparoM. To fight the BHYK m. grandson enemy. BHyTPEHHIHfl, -nn, -ee, -ne BOEHHI biH, -an, -oe, -bie war, military 1. internal. BHyipeHHiie 6oJie3HH. 1. BoeHHoe nojiowenne. The mili- Internal diseases. tary situation. BoeHHaa npo- 2. internal. BHyTpeHnee nojio>KeHHe MbimjiCHHOCXb. War industry. B CTpane. The internal situation BoeHHoe BpeMH. War time. in a country. BHVTpeHHHH noJiii- 2. n. Moil 6pax — BoenubiH. My TiiKa. Internal policy. brother is in the army. BHYTPH BOaCj^lb m., gen. -h leader 1. adv. rji;e? inside. Bojiht BHyx- Bo>KAb HapoAa. The leader of the pii. It hurts inside. people. see 2. prep, -f- gen. inside. Bnyxpii B03BPATflTb B03BPAmiATb KOMHaxbi. Inside the room. BOaBPATflTbCfl see B03BPAmATb- BHYTPb inside, into Cfl B03BPAmA!Tb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. 1. adv. K y A a?: IIpHHaxL jiCKapcxBO BHyxpK. To take a medicine. KOro? HXO? KO My?/ /?. B03Bpa|- xiixb, -n;y, -xiimb, -xhx to return 2. prep. -\- gen.: SarjiHHj'xT. Bnyxps To aajia. To look into the hall. BosBpaxHXb AOJir xoBapHm;y. return a debt to one's friend. BH^HlKA /., gen. pi. -en granddaugh- -enibCH, ter B03BPAmA|TbCH, -locb, -loxcH imp. Kyjia?^ oxKyAa?/ BOBPEMH adv. in time p. B03Bpa|XHXbCfl, -myCb, -XHfflbCH, IlpHiixH BoepeMH, To come in time. -xaxcH to come back BO BPEMfl prep, -j- gen. during BosBpantaxbCH aomoh h3 noxofla. Bo BpeMH BOHHM. During the war. To return home from a hike. Bo BpeMH nepepuBa. During the B033;yX m. air interval. HmcxwiS BosAyx. Pure air. CBe»CHH BOBCE (He) adv. at all BOBAyx. Fresh air. Oh BoBce He AOKXop, a HHJKenep. <> Ha CBCHteM eoBAyxe. In the open He is not a doctor at all, he is an air. engineer. B03flTb, Bowy, BoBHmb, bobax imp. BO-BTOPb'IX paren. word second(ly) Koro? ^xo? to carry Bo-nepBbix, h ycxaji, BO-BxopHX, MaraiiHbi Bosflx khpdhhh. Lorries xony cnaxt. First, I'm tired, sec- carry bricks. ondly, I'm sleepy. B03JIE BO3A /., ace. BOfly; pi. BOAti water 1. adv. near. ManiHHa ocxanoBH- XojiOAHaH BOAa. Cold water. Fopn- jiacb BOSJie. The motor-car stop- ^an BOAa. Hot water. MnnepaAbHaa ped near by. BOAa. Mineral water. OpyKxoBaH 2. prep. + gen. near. Er6 AOm na- .

B03 19 BOP

XOflHTCfl BOSJie yHHBepCHTGTa. BOJIK m., gen. pi. -6b wolf His house is near the University. <> BojiKOB 5oflTbCH — B Jiec He BO3M0aCHOCTI> /. xoAHTfa (proverb). Cf. Nothing ven- 1. opportunity. IlMeTB bo3m6>k- ture, nothing have. HOCTb. To have an opportunity BOJIHA /., pU BojiHH wave âXB B03m6h«HOCTB K0My-JIH60 BOJIHEHHE neut. excitement, ner- c;êJIaTb ht6-jih6o. To give some- vousness body an opportunity to do some- Oh noSjieflHeJi ox BOJiHennH. He thing. turned pale with excitement. 2. usu. pi. possibilities. Bojitmiie bo3m6h. BBBOJlH|OBaxb, form BosMoJKeH, BOBMOTKHia, -0, -h; -yio, -yemb, -ywx to worry adv. BOBMOJKHO possible, probable 3xox Bonpoc MGHa onenb BOJinyex. BoBMOJKHbiH cjiynaH. A possible This question worries me very much. case. 3to snojiHe bobmojkho. That BOJlHlOBATbCH, -yiocb. -yerabcn, is quite possible. -yioxcfl imp. to worry, to be ner- B03HHKAlTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not vous, to be excited used, 3rd pers. -ex, -k)t imp. /p. BojiHOBaxbca nepeA aKsaMenoM. To B03HHKH|yTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not ^feel nervous before an examination. used, 3rd pers. -ex, -yx, past bob- BOJIOCbl pi., gen. pi. eojioc, bojio- HHK, -Jia, -Jio, -JTH to appear caM, etc.; sing, bojioc hair 3x0 rocyAapcxBo bobhhkjio b xpexb- KpacHBbie BOJiocLi. Beautiful hair. CM Bene. This state appeared in the BpJIfl /., no pi. will third century. CwJibHaa bojih. A strong will. Bojia BOaHflKHyXb see BOBHHKATb K noSefle. The will to win. BOaPAHÂlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. BOOBIU,E adv. KOMy? Ha Hx6?/j». BoapalBPixb, 1. in general. Boo6me bxo npaB;i;a. -my, -Bumb, -bhx to reply, to object In general it is true. BoBpaBHXb fliOKJiaA^HKy. To reply to 2. at all. Oh BOo6me ho roBoppix the speaker. BoapaBHXb na BaMenaHHe. no-pyccKH. He does not speak To reply to a remark. Ecjih bli ee Russian at all. BoapajKaexe... // you don't mind... BOOPyHCEHHE neut. see B03PA3flTb B03PA3KATb 1. no pi. equipment. BoopyjKeHne Bd3PACT m. age apMHH HOBHM opyjKneM. The /],exH mKoJibHoro BOBpacxa. Children equipment of the army with new of school age. B Boapacxe mecxHê- weapons. CflXH Jiex. the sixty. At age of 2. usu. pi. armaments. CoKpameHHO BOflHA pi. BOHHM war / , BOopyjKeHHH. A reduction of ar- O^'bfiBUTh BOHHy. To declare war. maments. FoHKa BOOpyJKeHHH. norH6Hyxb na bohhc. To lose one's The arms race. life in the war. BO-nEPBblX paren. word first(ly), BOflTfl see BXOAflTb in the first place B0K3AJI w. station Bo-nepBwx, bxo xpyfljHo... In the JleHHHrpaACKHH BOKaaji. Leningrad first place, it's difficult... Railway Station. Iloexaxb na bok- BaJi. To go to the station. BonpOc m. BOKP^r 1. question. IIpocxoH Bonpoc. A 1. adv. round. TiiraHHa uoKpyr. simple question. 3aflaxb Bonpoc. There is silence all round. To ask a question. 2. question, problem. BamHWH Bon- 2. prep. -^ gen. round. BoKpyr Alt important question. flOMa 6hiji cafl. The house was poc. Ha- surrounded by a garden. i^HOH^jibHUH Bonpoc. The national BOJIEflBOJI m. volley-ball question. Mrpaxb B BOJienSoJi. To play volley- BOP m., gen. pi. -6b thief ball. ApecxoBaxb B6pa. To arrest a thief. 2* I

BOP 20 Bnp

BOPOTA no sing., gen. pi. BOpoT BOCTOK m. east 1. gate(s). Bopoxa caAa. The gate 1. east. CoJiHue bocxoahx Ha bocx6- of a garden. Ke. The sun rises in the east. 2. goal, riocjiaxb mhi b Bopoia 2. East. Bjthjkhhh Bocxok. Near npoTMBHHKa. To send the ball East. âjTbunii Bocxok. Far into the opponent's goal. East. CpeAHHH Bocxok. Middle BOPOTHflK m., gen. -a collar East. Bm 6biJiH Ha Bocxone? MexoBOH BopoTHHK, A fur colUr. i/a?.'e you been in the East? BOCKJIflKHiyXb see BOCKJIHUiATb BOCTOPr m. delight, enthusiasm BOCKJIHU;AlTb, -KD, -emb, -iot imp. Oh c BOCxoproM paccKaawBaji o cbo- p. BOCKjiHKHlyTb, -y, -emb, -yx to ea noesAKe. He was telling about exclaim, to cry out his trip enthusiastically. PaaocxHO BOCKJiHKHyxb. To cry out BOCTOHHibiB, -aa, -oe, -bie east(ern) joyfully. BocxoûhiH Bexep. An east wind. BOCKPECfiHbE neut. Sunday BocxoiHoe uanpaBJieHHe. An easterly B B0CKpeceHr,e mm esAiiJiH sa ropoA. direction. We went to the country on Sunday. BOCXHTHTbCH see BOCXHUÂTbCH BOCIIHTAHHE neut. upbringing, BOCXHmAlTbCH, -locb, -ombCH, -lox- education Cn^mp. KeM? HCM?/ p. bocxh|- BocnuTaHHe pe6eHKa. The upbring- xiixbCH, -mycb, -XHmbCfl, -Xflxcn to ing of a child. Oh nojiyiHji xopo- admire mee BocniiTaHne. He received a Becb MHp BOCxumaexcH noABHroM good education. repoeB. The whole world admires the BOCllHTATb see BOCnflTblBATb heroes' feat. BOCnflTblBAlTb, -K), -euib, -k>x imp./ BOCXO/^ m. rising p. BOcnuralTb, -lo, -emb, -lox to BocxoA c6JiHH,a. The sunrise. bring up BOX particle 1. Koro? to bring up. Bocnuxaxb 1. here is. Box KHiira. Here is the CbiHa. To bring up one's son. book. 2. qxo? B KOM? to cultivate. 2. what (a). Box npacoxal What Bocnuxaxb b jiernx jiioSoBb k beauty! Box axo xopomo! That's npHpoAe. To cultivate love for good! nature in children. BHEPBb'IE adv. for the first time BOCnOJIb30BATbCH see nOJIbSO- H BnepBbie b MocKBe. It is the BATbCfl first time I have been in Moscow. BOCnOMHHAHHE neut. BIIEPE/^ adv. KyAa? forward 1. recollection. BocnoMnnauHe oex- Maxh BoepeA. To go forward. cxBa. Recollection of one's child- BHEPEAfl hood. 1. adv. TAe? in front. BnepeAH 2. usu. pi. reminiscences, memoirs. 6bijTH ropbi. There were mountains BocnoMHuaiinH o coBpeMeuHH- in front. Kax. Reminiscences of one's con- 2. prep. -\- gen. at the head of, in temporaries. front of. BnepeAH kojiohhh BOCCTAHABJlHBAjTb, -lo, -emb, -lox necJiH BHaMeaa. At the head of imp. qxo?/ p. BOCCxa|HOBHTb, -hob- the column they carried banners. JIK), -HOBUmb, -HOBHT tO TCStorC, tO BnEMATJlEHlfE neut. impression rebuild CnJibHoe BneâxjieHHe. A strong BoccxanoBHXb paapymeHHun ropoA. impression. Mrpa apxHCxa npoHSBe- To rebuild a town that had been jia SoJibmoe BneqaxjieHHe na spw- destroyed. BoccxauoBuxb xoshhcxbo. Tejieii. The actor's performance made

• To restore the economy. a great impression on the specta- BOCCTAHHE neut. uprising, revolt tors. IloAHflXb Boccxanne. To raise a BIIPOHEM conf. though, nevertheless revolt. KapxHHa xoporaaa, Bnp6»teM bu BOCCTAHOBflTb see BOCCTAHAB- caxfH ee yBHAHTe. The picture i9 JIHBATb good, though you'll see it yourself. BPA 21 BCT

BPAF m., gen. -a enemy BCEPAA adv. always BopoTbCH c BparaMH. To fight the Oh BcerAa BecejiWH. He is always gay. enemies. BCEMflPHlblfl, an, -oe, -we world BP|ATb, -y, -enib, -yT, past Bpaji, BceMkipHbin (j[)ecTHBa;ib. World festi- BpaJia, BpajiH imp. KOMy? hcmj'^?/ val. p. coBpiaib, -y, -eiuh, -yx, past BCE PABHO coBpaji, coBpana, coBpajiH colloq. to 1. all the same. Mne Bce paBHo. It's lie. PeGcHOK coBpaJi OTu.y. The child all the same to me. lied to his father. 2. just the same. Xoth oênb xo- jiOAHO, fl Bce paBHo nofiAV TyAa. BPAH m., gen. -a physician, doctor it is very cold, I'll go BpaH-xepaneBT. A therapeutist. TKeii- Though just the same. mHHa-Bpan. A lady doctor. Bbixb there BCE-TAKI] particle just the same y Bpana. To be at the doctor's. M^th Bce-TaKH now â Benep. I'll K Bpa^y. To go to the doctor. Co- H AY evening-party just the BCTOBaTbCH c BpaôM. To consult a go to the same. doctor. BCKOFE adv. soon BPE^H|blH, -afl, -oe, -Lie, short form BcKope HaâjiCH AO^Âfc- Soon it BpeaeH, BpeAHa, BpeAH|o, -w; adv. began to rain. Bpeano harmful, bad BCJIEJI after, following BpeAHUH HenoBeK. A bad man. 1, adv. Oh nocMOTpeJi BCJieA... His Teopna. A harmful theory. BpeAHaa eyes followed... BpeAHoe pacTeHiie. A noxious weed. 2. used as prep. -\- dat. or sa -{-instr. BpeAHO MHoro KypnTb. It's BaM Oh nocMOTpeJi bcjica eMV. He bad you to smoke so much. Mop63 for followed him with his eyes. Mti K)>KHb]X pacTemiH. Frost BpeACH A«nfl Homjiii BCjiGA 3a HHM. We fol- is dangerous southern plants. for lowed him. BPEMfl neut., gen., dat., prepos. Bpe- BCJiyX adv. aloud mchh; pi. BpcMena, BpeMen, BpeMO- MHTaTb BCjiyx. To read aloud. HaM, etc. time BCnAXATb see HAXATb 1. CKO-ibKO BpeMCHH? What time BCllOMMHAlTb, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. flies. is it? BpeMH HACT. Time K o r 6? ^ T o? or o neu? / p. bchom- BpeMH npomjio. The time has H|HTb, -K), -Hmb, -HT passed. BpeMH He jkact. Time 1. to recollect, fl BcnoMHHîo waits for no man. BpeMH noKa- CBoero Apyra. / recollect my meT. Time will show. friend. BcnoMHHaTb o AexcTBe. 2. Beêpiiee BpeMH. Evening. ô>ka- To recall one's childhood. jiiiBoe BpeMH. Rainy period. 2. to remember, fl HHKaK ne Mory Cxapbie BpcMena. Old times. BcnoMHHTb. / just Can't remem- BpeMena roAa- Seasons. ber. <^ BceMy CBOe epeMH. There is a BCnOMHHTb see BCnOMHHATb time for everything. Bee BpeMH. All BCTAIBATb, -K), -emb, -K)t imp. f the time. Ona Bce BpeMH CMeHJiacb. p. BCTa|Tb, -Hy, -Hemb, -nyx to get She laughed all the time. Bo opeMH up, to rise used as prep. ~{-gen. Bo BpeMH Boii- Ka?KAblH AGHb H BCTaiO B ceMb Ha- HH MM ?KHjiH y 6a6yraKH. During coB yTpd, HO ceroAHfl h Bcxaji b the war we lived at our granny's. BoceMb HacoB. Every day I get up BCEi pron., see BECb, 2 at seven o'clock in the morning, but BCE2 particle still, ever today I got up at eight o'clock. A OH Bce MOJiHHT H MOJiqiiT. And Cojmae BCTaeT na BocioKe. The sun he still keeps silent. H Bce name rises in the east. BcnoMHHdio TBOH cjiOBa. / recollect ^ Bcxaxb c Jieeofi hofh. To your words ever oftener. Oh Bce eme get out of bed on the wrong side. 6ojieeT. He is still ill. Tw Bce me BCTATb see BCTABATb npHxoflti KO MHe. You come to see BCTPETHTb see BCTPEÂTb BCTPEHAXbCfl L me just the same. BCTPfiTHTbCfl see .

BCT 22 Bbl

BCTPEHA /. meeting Tuesday. Kamjs,uu. BXopHHK. Every Bcxpeia Apyaen. A meeting of Tuesday. friends. GepACHHaH Bcxpena. A cor- B-TPETbllX paren. word third(ly) dial meeting. Knara, BO-nepBwx, oênb nnxepec- BCTPEHA|Tb, -K), -eiuL, -iot imp. Haa, BO-BXOpUX, KpaCHBO o$6pM- KOro? H T 0? /p. BCTpe|THTb, -Hy, jiena, h, B-xpexbHX, ona JierKo hh- -THmb, -THT to meet xaexcH. First, the book is very in- 1. fl BCTpeTHJi ero cjiyn^MHO. / teresting, second, it is beautifully met him by chance. designed, and, third, it reads well. 2. BCTpeTHTb XJieSOM-COJIbK). To BTPOEM adv. three (together) extend hospitality to somebody. Mu oSeAaeM BxpoeM, We three dine^ <> BcTpeqaxb HoBbiu roji. To see together. the New Year in. By3 m. (= Biicmee yn^Snoe saBCA^- BCTPEHAITbCH, -rocb, -embca, -k)t- HHe) higher educational establish- CH imp. c KCM? c êM?/ ment p. BCXpelTHTbCH, -HyCb, -THmbCH, B MocKBe oKOJio 90 ByaoB. In Mos- -THTCfl to meet cow, there are some 90 higher edu- BcTpeTHTbCH c ApysbflMii. To meet cational establishments. friends. Mw BCTpexHJiHCb Ha yjiH- BXO^ m. entrance Hfi. We met in the street. BxOR B Mexpo. An entrance to the fig. BCTpeXHTbCfl C TpyAHOCTHMH. To underground. Bxoa b napK. An meet with difficulties. entrance to the park. FjiaBHUH BCTynAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. bo BXOA- The main entrance. mo? / p. BCTyoHTb, BCTynjifo, BCxy- BXOJîiTb, BXo>Ky, Bxonvtnih, bxoaht nnmb, Bcxynax to join imp.K y na? / p. BOH|xii, -Ay, -Aerab, Bcxynwxb b cnopxHBHoe oSmecxBO. -Ayx, past Bo|meji, -mjia, -mjio, To enter a sports society. -mjiM BCTynflTb see BCTynAxb 1. to enter. Bohx/i b KJiacc. To BCXO^flTb, Bcxowy, BCxoAHmb, enter the classroom. Pasperanxe BCXOAflX imp. I p. B30H|xii, -Ay, BoiixH? May I come in? -Aerab, -AyT, past B3o|meji, -mjia, 2. B cocxas AeJierauHH bxoahx -mjio, -rajiiT nflxb HejiOBCK. The delegation 1. to ascend. Bcxoaiixb na Bepraa- consists of five members. ny ropij. To climb to the top of <> BoiiTH BO BKvc. To get to like. the mountain. BoflxH B MOAy. To become fashion- 2. to rise. G6-iHi;e bcxoahx. The able. BoHTH B AOBepue K KOMy- sun rises. -jih5o. To win somebody's confi- BClDj^y adv. everywhere dence. BcK)Ay 6i>iJio xeMiio. It was dark BÊPA adv. yesterday everywhere BHepa 6bijio xojioaho. It was cold BCHKiHfl, -aw, -oe, -ne pron. yesterday. 1. any BHEPAniHlHfl, -Hfl, -ee, -ne yester- 2. all sorts of. B MarasHne ecxb day's BCHKHe npoAyKXLi. There are all BqepamHflfl raaexa. Yesterday's sorts of foodstuffs in the shop. paper. 3. u.'ied as n. anyone BT>E3HCA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. •0- Ha BCflKHH cjiyqau. Just in K y A a? / />• B-bexaxb, B-bCAly, -emb, case. Be3(o) bchkux xpyAOB. With- -yx to drive (into) out any difficulty. BTbexaxb b ropoA- To drive into a B TEHEHHE prep. -{-gen. during town. B-bexaxb na ropy. To drive B xeHenne 3Hmh. During the win- uphill. ter. PaSoxaxb b xeHeiine roAa. To B-bfiXATb see B'bESHCAXb work during the year. Bbl pron., gen., ace, prepos. Bac, BTOPHHK m. Tuesday dat. BaM, instr. saMH Co6paHHe cocxohxch bo bxophhk. nporay Bac, ji^kme mho KHiiry. The meeting will take place on Will you kindly give me the book? .

BBIB 23 BblH

BblBHPAlTb, -K), -eniB, -iot imp. BblE3HCA|Tb, -K),^ -emb, -rox imp. K r 6? H T 0? / />. BtidpaTfc, Bbi6ep|y, I p. Bbiexaxb, BbieAly, -emb, -yx to -emb, -yx to choose, to select leave, to drive out BbiSpaxb cnennajibHOCTb. To choose Mamnna Bbiexajia h3 rapajKa. The a speciality. BbiSpaTb 6jik)A0. To car drove out of the garage. Bbiexaxb choose a dish. Bbi6paTb jiyimnx H3 ropoAa. To leave town. CnopXCMCHOB H3 HHCJia CTyflCHTOB. Bb'IEXATb see BbIE35KATb To select the best sportsmen among Bi;i3BATb see Bbl3bIBATb the students. Bbl3A0PABJIHBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -rox BKlBOPbl pi., no sing, elections imp. I p. BbiBAopoBcIxb, -K), -emb, BbiSopbi B napjiaMeHT. Elections to -lox to recover the Parliament. Bce66in,He, paBHbie MoH 6pax BbiBAopoBeJi. My brother H npflMbie BbiSopw. Universal, equal has recovered. BbiBAOpaBJiHBaHxe! and direct elections. Get well! BWBPACbIBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)t Bi;i3A0P0BETb see BbI3A0PABJIH- imp. Koro? h t o? Kyâ?/ BATb p. BH5po|cHTb, -my, -cnmb, -cat to Bbl3bIBAlTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. throw out KOTo> I p. BbT3Baxb, Bbi30B|y, -emb, BbiSpocHTb eeHyHtHbie GyMarn. To -yx to call out throw out the unnecessary papers. Bbi3Baxb cxyAeHxa k AOCKe. To BfiBPATb see BblBHPATb call out a student to the blackboard. Bb'IBPOCHTb see BblBPACblBATb Bb'mrPATb see BblflPPblBATb BblBECTH see BblBOAHTb BblflrPblBAITb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. BlilBOJ^ m. conclusion Hxo? y koto} I p. Bbinrpalxb, -lo, GAeJiaTb npaBHjibHUH blibo^. To -emb, -K)x draw the right conclusion. 1. y Koro? lo win. Bbinrpaxb y BblBO/^flTb, BHBOJKy, BblBOAHfflb, Apyra napxHK) b raaxMaxbi. To BWBOAHT imp. Koro? H T 0? / v)in a game of chess from a p. BblBClCTH, -ay, -flcmb. flyx, past friend. BLIBCJI, -a, -0, -M 2. to win. Bbinrpaxb MamHHy. To 1 to take out. BbiBecxH Jloma;êH win a motor-car Ha nporyjiKy. To take the horses Bb'IHTH see BblXOJ^flTb for a walk. BblKJIIOHAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. 2. to remove. BbiBecxn ohxho na q X 0? I p. BbiKjiiOH|Hxb, -y, -nmb, KOCXioMe. To remove a stain -ax to switch off from a suit. BbiKJiiOHHXb CBex. To switch off the <> Oh BMeeji mchh h3 ce6w. He light. put me beside myself. Bb'IKJIK)4HTb see BblKJIIOHATb BttrJIHIflETb, ->Ky, -AHmb, -ahx BKlJTE^HTb see JIE^HTb imp. to look BblJlHBAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Ona xoporao BbirjiHAHX. She looks Hxo?oxKyAa? Kyjia.? / p. bw- well. jiHXb, BbiJib|io, -emb, -lox; imper. BttPHATb see BblFOHIlTb Bbijieii to pour out BbirOHUlTb, -K>, -emb, -lox imp. BbijiHXb BOAy H3 cxaKaea. To pour Koro? oxKyâ? / p. Bwrnaxb, water out of a glass. BbiJiHXb mojio- Bi>iroH|io, -nmb, -hx to turn out k6 b Kacxpiojiio.. To pour milk into H ero BhirnajiBOH. / turned him out. a saucepan. BbIJÂiBATb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Bb'IJlHTb see BblJIHBATb q X o? K M y?//>. BHAaxb, BblAaM, Bb'IMblTb see MblTb BbiAamb, BbiAacx, Bupâj^mM, BbiAa- BttMblTbCH see Mb'ITbCfl AHxe, BbiAaAyT BblHHMAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. 1. to give out. BbiAaxb KBHrn. To Hxo.> oxKy Aa? / />. BbiHlyxb, -y, give books out. -emb, -yx to take out 2. to give away, to betray. Ero Bbinyxb njiaxoK h3 KapMana. To take BbiAaJTH. He was betrayed. a handkerchief out cf one's pocket. BblfliATb see BblAABATb BblHYTb see BblHHMATb I .

Bbin 24 BblX

BttnnCATb see BbinnCHBATb building a hundred metres high. BbinflCblBAlTb, -lo, -erab, -k)t imp. JI|epeBo BMCoxoii b jtecHxb MexpoB. H T o? I p. Bb'inn|caTB, -my, -menib, A tree ten metres high. -rayT Bb'ICTABlKA /., gen. pi. -ok exhibi- 1, HTO? oTKyAa? to copy out. tion BbiniicaTb miTary H3 KHiirw. To BbicxaBKa flocxHweniiH HapoflHoro copy out a quotation from a book. xosHHCXBa. The Exhibition of Eco- 2. to subscribe. BbiOHcaTb jKypuaJiH nomic Achievement. H raaerw. To subscribe to maga- Bb'ICTPEJliHTb, -K), -limb, -hx p. to fire zines and newspapers. BbinHcaxb BbicxpeJiHTb 113 niicxoJiexa. To fire peueuT CojJbHOMy. To write a a pistol. pre!>cription for a patient. BblCXynAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ Bb'inHTb see HHTb p. Bbicxylnnxb, -njiio, -nwmb, -nar BbinOJIHKHHE neut. fulfilment 1. to speak. Bbicxynnxb na co6paHMH. BMHOJiHeHHe njTaua. The fulfilment To speak at a meeting. Bbicxy- of a plan. nnxb c peHbK). To make a speech. Bb'inOJIHHTb see BbinOJlH)lTb 2. to appear. Bbicxynuxb b rjiaBHOH BbinOJIH>I|Tb, -10, -emb, -iot imp. poJiH. To appear in the principal H T O? / p. BLinOJlHlHTb, -lO, -Hmb, role. -HT to carry out, to fulfil Bb'ICTVnHTb see BblCTyHATb BbmojiHHTb 6oJibmyK) paSoxy. To Bbl( XynJIEHHE neut. carry out a great work. Bi.'inoJiHHXb 1. speech. Bbicxynjieiine flejieraxa. MecHHHbiM njian. To fulfil a monthly The delegate's speech. Bbicxynji^- plan. HUe MHHHCXpa UHOCXpaUHblX flCJI BblUyCKAITb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. no xeJieBMAenHK). The foreign mi- K o r 6? H T o? / /). BbinylcTHTb, -my, nister's appearance on television. -CTHmb, -CTflT 2. performance. BbicxynJieuHe ap- 1. to let out. BbinycTiiTb nxiiuy 113 TiicxoB. The actors' performance. KJieTKii. To let the bird out of Bb'ICIDIMfl, -aH, -ee, -ne the cage. 1. higher, superior 2. to turn out. BbinycxHTb cnenna- 2. highest, supreme jiiicxoB. To turn out specialists. ""0* Bbicmee o(ipa30BaHiie. Higher 3. to turn out. Bbinycnaxb npo- education. Bucmiiii opraii BJiacTn. flVKiuiK) BbicoKoro Kaqecxea. To The supreme organ of power. turn out high-quality products. Bb'ITAIU,HTb see TAIUftTb, 2 Bb'inyCTHTb see BblliyCKATb BblTElETb see BblTHPATb BblPAH^EHHE neut. expression BblTHPAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp.

1. MnxepecHoe BbipaweHne. An in- q X o? / p. Bbixepexb, Bbixply, -erab, terestin g expression -yx, past Bbixep, -Jia, -Jio, -jih to wipe 2. Bbipa>KeHHe Jiuna. Expression. Bhixepexb pyKU h jihuo hojiox^h- Bb'IPACTH see PACTfl ueM. To wipe one's hands and BblCOKlHfl, -aH, -oe, -iie, short form face with a towel. BbicoK, BbicoK|a, -6, -h; adv. bmco- Bb'iyHHTb see yqflTb, 1 k6; comp. Bbime Bb'IXOA m. exit 1. tall. BbicoKHH flOM. A tall house. Bbixofl H3 Mexpo. The exit from ths BbicoKHH ^eJTOBeK. A tall man. underground station. Bb'ixoA H3 2. fig. high. BbKOKHH ypoBenb napna. The exit from a park. H^HBHH. A high living standard. BblXOAflTb, BMxowy, Bbixo^Hinb, BbicoKaH xeMuepaxypa. A high BbixoAHX imp. o X K y fl a? / />. bbih- temperature. BbicoKoe jijABZieumQ. XH, BbiHfliy, -erab, -yx, past bu- High pressure. Bmcokhh roJioc. raeji, Bbirajila, -o, -h to go out A high voice. BbixoAifxb H3 KOMHaxM. To go out BblCOTA /. height of the room. Bwhxh h3 KJiacca. To BoJibmaa Bbicoxa. A great height. go out of the classroom. IIphDKKn B Bucoxy. High jumping. < BbiuTH H3 TepneHHfl. To lost 3AaHHe cto MexpoB b Bucoxy. A patience. Bmuth cyxHM h3 BOflw. BBIX 25 rjiA

To come off unscathed. Buuth H3 rpa(|)iiHecKOM âKyjibTeie. To study ce6H. To lose one's temper. in the geography department. BblXOAHIOfl, -afl, -6e, -we free rEOrPAa)Hfl /., no pi. geography Bbixo;iH6u AGHb. A day off. H ce- (PnswêcKaa reorpa(|)Hfl. Physical roAHfl BbixoAHOH. / am free today. geography. 3K0H0MHHerKaa reorpa- (|)Hfl. Economic geography. TEOJIOr m. geologist r, r BuTb reojioroM. To be a geologist. rEPOflHECK|HH, an, -oe, -ne heroic rA3 m. gas repoHHecKHH xpyA. Heroic labour. BoAopoa — JierKHH raa. Hydrogen TepoHHecKaH 6opb6a. //eroic struggle. is a light ga^. Y Hac npoBejiii ra3. TEPOfl m. They laid on gas in our house. 1. hero. Fepoii bohhm. A war hero. rA3 ETA /. newspaper 2. hero. FjiaBBbm repdii poMana. HuxaTb raaexy. To read a newspa- The hero of the novel. per. CeroAHflfflHHH raseia. Today's 3. hero. Fepdn Tpyâ. Heroes of newspaper. labour. rAJICTYK m. (neck)tie FflBHiyXb, -y, -emb, -yx, past rnS, tie. BaBH.iaTb raJicTyK. To tie one's -jia, -Jio, -JTU imp. ox Hero?/ riHOHepCKHH raJiCTyK. A Young p. nortiSHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx Pioneer's scarf. Bo BpeMH BXOpOH MHpOBOH BOHHM TACflTb, ramy, racnnib, racHT imp. norwdjiH MHJiJiMOHbi JiK);ieH. Mil- H T o? / /?. noraciTTb, noraray, nora- lions of people died in the Second CHmb, noracHT to switch off, to World War. J^êpenbfl rriSnyx ox put out MopoBa. Trees perish with cold. TacHTb CBeT. To switch off the FHMHACTHKA /., no pi. gymnastics To put out light. noracHTb Kociep. yxpetmaa rnMHacxHKa. Morning a fire. p. t. exercises. CnopxHBHaa rHMna- rACTI'OHOM tn. provision shop cxHKa. Sports gymnastics. JêJiaxb KyuMTb npoAVKTbi b racTponoMe, FJTMHacxHKy. To do p. t. exercises. buy at a provision shop. To foodstuffs 3aHMMaxbCH niMHacxHKOH. To prac- TRE tise gymnastics. 1. adv. where. Tê Bbi paGoTaeie? FJIABAi /., pl.TjiaBhi head Where do you vôrk? Ffle bm >kh- Fjiaea flejierarmn. The head of the Beie? Where do you live? delegation. FjiaBa npaonxejibcxBa. 2. asconj. where. X1,om, rê h jkhbv, The head of the government. nocTpoen b 3T0M ro^y. The house <> CxoflTb BO rjiaBG qer6-JiH5o. in which I live was built this year. To be at the head of something. rflE-HHBy/tb adv. somewhere FJIABA^ pi. rjiaem chapter fl Syay rAe-HH6yAi> sflecb. / shall /., chapter. be •'omewhere here. riepBan rjiasa. The first TA^-TO ado. somewhere FJIABHlblfl, -aa, -oe, -bie principal, Mbi c BaMH rae-To BCxpenaJiHCB. chief, main We have met somewhere. FjiaBHLiH Bonpoc. The principal question. FjiaBHUH peânxop. Edi- rEHHAJIbHIblfl, -an, -oe, -me of genius tor-in-Chief. FjiaBHbiH Bpa^. Head nieKcnnp — renwaJTbHbiH aHFJiim- physician. CKHH ApaMaxypr. Shakespeare is a rJIAIAHTb, -my, -ffHmb, -flax imp./ great English dramatist. TeHHaJibHoe p. norjialAHXb, -JKy, -^nmb, -flax npoH3BejieHHe. A work of genius. 1. Hxo? HGM? to iron, to press. rEOrPAOnHECKIHfl, -an, -oe, -ne FjiaAHXb pySaraKy yxioroM. To geographic(al) iron a shirt. Feorpacj^rtHecKHH axjiac. A geograph- 2. Koro? Hxo? no q e m y? to ical atlas. BeJiMKHB reorpa4)HHe- stroke. Fjia^nxL pe6eHKa no ro- CKHB OTKpMTHH. The great geograph- jione. To stroke the child's head. ical discoveries. y^HTbCH na reo- ^JIA;^K|Hfl, -aa, -oe, -ne smooth . .

rjiA 26 roji

FjiaflKan noBepxHocxb. A smooth 1. p. CKaaaxb, cKaHcy, CKaacemb, surface. CKa?Kyx K M y? to speak, to tell, rJIA3 m., prepos. o rjiase & b rjiaay; to say. fl CKaaaJi oxny npaBAy. / pi. rjiaaa, rjiaa eye told the truth to my father. H BojibniHe rjiaaa. Big eyes. roBopHji oxny 06 axoM. / told *> 3to cjiyHHJiocb II a Hamex rjia- Father about it. FoBoptixe rpoM- 3ax. // happened before our eyes. ê. Speak louder. CKaJKHxe He- IlycTHTb DbiJib B rjiaaa. To cut a CKOJibKO cjioB Mock Be. Say a dash. ToBopHTb npaB^y b rjiasa. few words about Moscow. To speak the truth to one's face. 2. p. noroBopMXb or has no p. as- FoBopHTb c rjiaay na rjiaa. To pect c K e M? to speak, to talk talk confidentially. Hath Kyfla rjia- (1) H roBopio c ApyroM o er6 3a rjiflflflT. To follow one's nose. cecxpe. / am speaking with CAejiaxb 6ojibinHe rjiaaa. To make my friend about his sister. big eyes. H noroBopHJi c oxhom na rJiyBHHA /. depth 3xy xeMy. / had a talk with Ha rjiy6HHe cxa MexpoB. At a depth Father on that subject. of one hundred metres. DlaxTa rjiy- (2) H roBopio no-pyccKH. / speak 6hh6h b TpMCTa MexpoB. A pit Russian. Oh He roBopHx no- three hundred metres deep. ânrJiMHCKH. He doesn't speak <> B rjiySHHe caâ. In the heart English. of the garden. FO3 m., prepos. b roAy & roA©; rJIYBOK Hfl, -an, -oe, -iie, short form pi. roAM & roAa rjiySoK, rjiy6oK|a, -6, -n; adv. rjiy- 1. year. yqeSnuH roA. School 6ok6; comp. rjiydjKe year, academic year, fl poAHJiCfl 1. deep. TjiySoKafl pOKa. A deep B 1941 roAy. I was born in 1941. river. 2. gen. pi. jiex year. Ckojibko BaM 2. fig. profound. rjiy66KHri yM. Jiex? How old are you? Mne 20 Profound intellect. FjiydoKoe nyB- Jiex. / am 20 years old. Mue 23 CTBO. Deep feeling, roAa. / am 23 years old. Ilpo- rjiyniblfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form niJio 4 roAa (5 Jiex). 4 (5) years rjiyn, rjiyiia, rjiyn|o, -w; adv. rjiy- passed. no stupid, foolish <> C HoBbiM roAOAiI A Happy New FjiynwH nejiOBeK. A stupid man. Year! Fjiynafl Mbicjib. A foolish idea. Oh FOJIOBA /., ace. roJiOBy; pi. roJiOBU, nocTy.niiji rjiyno. He acted foolishly. rojiOB, roJiOBaM, etc. head rJiyX|Ofl, -aH, -oe, -iie, short form y MGHH 60JIHX roJiOBa. / have a rjiyx, rjiyxa, rjiyx|o, -n; adv. rjiyxo headache. 1. deaf. FjiyxoH nejioBeK. A deaf <> CseTjiafl rojiOBa. A bright head. person nycxaa rojiOBa. An empty head. 2. fig. out-of-the-way. Fjiyxon noBecHTb rojiOBy. To hang one's Kpaii, An out-of-the-way region. head. noxepflTb rojioBV. To lose FJIHIÊTB, -my, -A"mb, -aht imp. one's head. Mne npnmjia b roJiOBy Ha Koro? Ha ^to? bo ht 6?/ MbicJib. An idea occurred to me. p. norjiHlAexb, -jKy, -Aiinib, -^ht Mne npHinjio b rojiOBy. It occurred to look to me. IIorjiHAM Ha Hero! Look at him! rOJIOJi; m., no pi. hunger FjiflAeiL B OKHo. To look out of the IIoHyBCXBOBaxb roJioA- To feel hun- window. gry. YMepexb c roJioAy. To die of FHET m., no pi. yoke, oppression hunger. HaxoAHTbCH HOA rnexoM sanoeBaxe- rOJl03H|blfl, -an, -oe,^ -tie, short JieH. To be under the yoke of the form roJioAen, roJiOAHa, r6JiOAH|o, conquerers -u FOBOliflTb, -K), -HHib, -Hx imp. 1. hungry. Fojioahmm neJioBeK. A H X 0? O K 6 M? O H e M? K M y? hungry person, fl roJiOAen. / am C KCM? hungry. roji 27 rop

2. only complete form starving. rOPE neut., no pi. misfortune roJioflHafl CMepxL. Starvation. y Hero 6oJibm6e rope. A great mis- rOJIOC m., pL -a fortune befell him. 1. voice, Hm3khh rojioc. A low rOP|ETB, -K), -limb, -hx imp. voice. Bhcokhh roJioc. A high 1. p. croplexb, -10, -nrab, -hx to voice. JlnniHTLCfl roJioca. To lose burn. FopHX cBeâ. A candle one's voice. burns. FopHX ApoBa. Firewood 2. vote. ToJioc naSupaTejiH. The burns. Fopnx aom. The house is vote of an elector. on fire. 2. no p. to burn. B KOMuaxe ropnx rOJIOCIOBATb, -yio, -yemt, -yrox CBex. There is a light in the room. imp. 3a Koro? 3a hto? npo- THB Kord? npoTHB Hero?/ 3. fig. to shine, to sparkle. Fjiaea y Hero ropax ox paAOCXH. His p. nporojioc|oBaTi>, -yio, -yemb, -yioT eyes are shining with joy. to vote rOPJIO neut. throat roJiocoBaxb 3a KaHAHJâTa b fleny- y MeHfl 60JIHX ropJio. / have a sore TaThi. To vote for a candidate. throat. FoJiocoBaxB npoxHB pesoJiroi^HH. To vote against a resolution. rOPHIBlH, -an, -oe, -He 1. mountain. FopuHe BepmiiHti. rOJiyB|Ofl, -an, -6e, -Lie light-blue Mountain tops. ToJiySoe He6o. A light-blue sky. 2. mining. Fopnan npoMbimjien- ToJiy6ue rjiaaa. Blue eyes. Hocxb. The mining industry. rOJiyB|B m., gen. pi. -en dove, pigeon FopHbiH HHCXHxyx. A mining JlexHX roJiySn. The doves are fly- institute. ing. rOPOJi; m., pi. -a city, town rOJIILIfl, -an, -oe, -ue naked, bare KpyuHbiH npoMbimJioHHbiH ropoA- FoJiaa cniina. A naked back. FoJiBie A large industrial city. B ropoAe ;i;epeBbH. Bare trees. MHoro caAOB. There are many gar- rOPA /., ace. ropy; pi. ropti, rop, dens in the city. ropaw, etc. mountain, hill <> noexaxb 3a ropoA. To go to the BbicoKaH ropa. A high mountain. country. JKhxb b ropax. To live in the moun- rOPOACK|On, -an, -oe, -lie city, town tains. Ha ropax JieJKHx cuer. There FopOACKOH xpaHcnopx. City trans- is snow on the mountains. Typncxu port. FopoACKoH caA- A city park. BsoniJiH na ropy. The tourists rOPbK|Hfl, -an, -oe,^ -ne, short form climbed the mountain. ropeK, ropbKa, ropbKlo, -n; adv. <0* He 3a ropaMH. Close at hand, ropbKO not away. far 1. bitter. FopbKoe JioKapcxBo. A rOPA3^0 adv. much, far bitter medicine. Fopaaflo Jiynrae. Far better. Fopaa- 2. fig. bitter. FopbKan npaBAa. AO Sucxpee. Much faster. Fopa.iflo The bitter truth. FopbKHe CJieau. yMHee. Much cleverer. FopasAO mchb- Bitter tears. FopbKO nJiaKaxb. me. Much smaller / less To weep bitterly. ÔPI/^flTbCH, -mych, -AHmtCH, -ahx- rOPJlHlHfl, -an, -ee, -ne, short form CH imp. KCM? »ieM? to be proud ropHH, -a, -6, -k; adv. ropnio FopAHXBCfl ycnexaMH. To be proud 1. hot. FopaHHH cyn. Hot soup. of one's success. FopziHXbCH poAH- 2. fig. ardent. Fopanafl JiioGoBb. HOH. To be proud of one's coun- Ardent love. Fopri^HH npHBex. try. Warm greetings. FopHHo cno- rOPÎBlB, -an, -oe, -Lie, short form pHXb. To have a heated argu- ropA, ropAa, ropAO, ropah; adv. ment. ropAO proud 3. fig. hot. FopHHHH xapaKxep. A FopAUH HeJioBeK. A proud person. hot temper. FopAan ASBymKa. A proud girl. 4. fig.: Fopaêe BpoMH. A busy FopAMH BHA. A proud air. time. roc 28 rPA rOCnOJ^fln m., pi. rocnoAa, rocno^, rOTOBjblfl, -aA, -08, -He, short form rocnoAHM, etc. gentleman; used in roTOB, -a, -o, -u K HCMy? Ha addressing people Mr. rocnoflHH HTo? & -\-inf. yoTcon! Mr. Watson! 1. ready. yqeHHK totob k skb^mc- rOCTEnPHnMHIbin, -an, -oe, -bib Hy. The pupil is ready for his hospitable examination. rocTenpiiHMHbiH X03HHH. A hospi- 2. ready. Oh Bcerâ totob noMd^t table host. FocTenpHPiMHafl cipana. TOBapnmy. He is always ready to A hospitable country. help a friend. FoTOBbiH na nofl- BHF. Ready to perform a feat. rOCTflHHqA /. hotel 3. ready. totob. is Mbl OCTaHOBHJIHCb B TOCTITHHae. 06eA Dinner ready. We put up at an hotel, HonaH ro- <> roTOBoe njiaTbe. A ready-made CTiiHiina. A new hotel. dress. rOCT|b m., gen. pi. -6h guest, rPA^yC m. visitor 1. degree. TepMOMeTp noKasHBaex JKeJiaHHMH rocTb. A welcome guest. HHTb rpaAycoB HH>Ke Hyjifi (bh- MHocTpaHHbie focth. Foreign visitors. me nyJiH). The thermometer <^ Hmii B rocTH. To go on a shows five degrees below zero visit. EbiTb B rocTflx. To be on a (flbove zero). visit. 2. degree. Yroji b 45 rpaAycoB. -afl, -oe, -He rOCyAAPCTREHHIMfl, An angle of 45 degrees. state rPA5KAAHflH m., pi. rpmAane, FocyflapcTBeHHWH cxpon. A state rpajKAan system. rccyflapcTBeHHbie rpanui^bi. 1. citizen. FpaWAaHiiH GoBCTCKoro State frontiers. FocyAapcTBeHHaa CoK)3a. A citizen of the Soviet ncjiHTHKa. A state policy. Moc- Union. KOBCKHH rocyaapCTBeHHbiH yHHBep- 2. used in addressing people Sir. CHieT. Moscow State Univer- FpaJKAaHHH, CKa>KnTe, nojKaJiyn- sity. CTa, FAe HaxoAHTCH TeaTp? Sir, rOCy ^,^VCTBO neut. state; country will you kindly tell me where the B 3T0M rocyAapcTBe jkhbct 15 mmji- theatre is? jiHOHOB HCJioeeK. The population of this country is 15 million. rPA5KAAHCKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne civil, rOTOlBHTb, -BJiK), -BHrab, -bht imp. civic K o r 6? H T 0? rpaJKA^HCKHH ji,0Jir. One's civic 1. p. npHrOTOlBHTb, -BJIK), -BHUlb, duty. -BHT to prepare. FoTOBHTb ^ FpaHCAaHCKaH soHHa. A civil ypoK. To do a lesson. Fotobhtb war. o6eA- To cook dinner. rPAMM m. gramme 2. p. nOAPOTOlBHTb, -BJIK), -BHIEb, CeMbcoT rpaMMOB c^xapa. Seven -BHT to prepare. FoxosHTb cne- hundred grammes of sugar. miaJiHCTOB. To train specialists. rPAMMATMKA /. grammar FoTOBHTb ynenHKOB k OKaaMeny. FpaMMaTHKa pyccKoro ASHKa. A To prepare pupils for an exami- Russian grammar. nation. rPAMOTHIbin, -aA, -oe, -ne, short rOTOlBHTbCH, -BJirocb, -BiinibCH, form rpaMOTen, rpaM0TH|a, -o, -h; -BATCH imp. K HeMy? & + inf. / adv. rpaMOTHO literate p. OpHFOTOlBHTbCH, -BJIWCb, -BHUIb- FpaMOTHHH HCJioBeK. A literate CH, -BATCH lo prepare, to get ready person. IlHcaTb rpaMOTHO. To write CTyACHT rOTOBHTCA K 9K3^MeHy. literately. The student is preparing for an rPAHflIi;A /. frontier; boundary examination. CnopTCMGH npnroTO- FocyAapcTBeHHaA rpaHHi?a. A state BHJICA npbjrHyTb b BOAy. The frontier. sportsman got ready to jump into <> HCaxb 3a rpaHBHeii. To live the water. abroad. Yexaxb 3a rpannqy rPE 29 rPH

To go abroad, npnexaxb B3-3a rpa- 1. coarse. Fpy6afl mepcxb. Coarse HBUbi. To come from abroad. wool. rPElMtelb, -MjiK), -Miimb, -MHT imp. to 2. rude. FpySwfi qojiOBeK. A rude thunder person. FpySoe oxHomeHHe. A FpeMHT rpoM. It thunders. rude attitude. FpyCo oxBexHXb. rPElTb, -K), -erab, -k)t imp. qxo? / To reply rudely. Oh oêHb rpy6 p. corpelxb, -K), -emb, -k)t c TOBapHmaMii. He is very rude 1. to give out warmth. Ocenbio to his friends. cojiHne CBeTHT, ho mejio rpeex. 3. gross. FpySaa omiiSKa. A gross In autumn the sun is bright but mistake. very warm. not FPy/^b /., prepos. na rpyAH chest; 2. to be warm. ITajibTo xopomo breast rpeex. The overcoat is very •C> KopMHTb peSeiiKa rpyAbio. To warm. nurse (suckle) a child. 3. to warm. Tpexb pyKH na^ or- FPySOBHK m., gen. -a lorry HCM. To warm one's hands over K AOMy noAêxaJi rpysoBMK. A lor- the fire. ry drove up to the house. 4. p. iiarpelTb, -lo, -emb, -iot to warm. Harpeib boAy Ao 40 rpa- FpynnA /. group xypiicxcKOH AycoB. To warm the water to B nameH rpynne ceMb 40 degrees. HeJiOBeK. There are seven people in our tourist group. Fpynna rPHB m., gen. -a mushroom Aeey- Ha6paTb mboto rpaGoB. To gather meK. A group of girls. a lot of mushrooms. BeJibiH rpnG. FPyiCTHTb, -my, -cxiimb, -cxhx imp.- An edible boletus. o K 6 M? o H e M? no k o m y? rPHim m, influenza no H e M y? to miss, to be sad Bojiexb rpHonoM. To be ill with FpycxHXb o xoeapnme. To miss a the 'flu. y Hero xaJKejiaa $6pMa friend. Fpycxiixb o ceMbe. To miss rpHHoa. He has a bad attack of one's family. the 'flu. OcjiojKHeHHH nocjie rpHH- FPyCTHIblfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form na. Complications after the 'flu. rpycxen, rpycxna, rpycxH|o, -w; rP03A /., pi. rpoBM thunderstorm adv. rpycxHO sad HaqaJiacb rpoaa. A thunderstorm FpycxHwii qeJiOhCK. A melancholy broke out. JlexoM âcxo SuBaiox man. FpycxHoe jihho. A sad face. rp63bi. Thunderstorms often occur FpycxHan necHH. A sad song. Mne in summer. rpycxHO. / feel sad. rPOM m. FP^^rilA /. 1. thunder. 3arpeMeJi rpoM. It 1. pear. Kynwxb HecKOJibKO rpym. started thundering. To buy some pears. 2. fig. storm. TpoM anjioAiicMen- 2. pear-tree. B HameM caAy pacxyx xoB. A storm of applause. rpymii. There are pear-trees in ^POMAJ^H|bln, -an, -oe, -we, short our orchard. form rpoMaAen, rpoMaAHla, -o, -w huge, enormous rP)l3H|blfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form PpoMaAHbiH AOM. A huge house. Fpo- rpH3eH, rpHBHa, rpH3H|o, -w; adv. MaAHUH ycnex. An enormous suc- rpfl3H0 cess. 1. muddy. FpHsnaa yjinna. A mud- rPOMKlHfl, -aH, -oe. -ne, short form dy street. rpOMOK, rpoMKa, rpoMKlo, -h; adv. 2. lit. & fig. dirty. FpH3HaH py- rpOMKo; comp. rpoMHe loud 6araKa. A dirty shirt. FpasHafl FpoMKHH 3ByK. A loud sound. pa66xa. Dirty work. Fpa3HWH dirty deed. na- FpoMKHH rojioc. A loud voice. FpoM- nocxynoK. A Oh KHH CMex. A loud laughter. Pasro- nncaji rpriano. He wrote care- BapHBaxb rpOMKO. To speak loudly. lessly. XP^''B|blfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form FPHSb /., prepos. b rpH3H & 6 rpn- rpy6, rpy6a, rpy6|o, -w; adv. rpy6o 3H, no pi. I rvB 30 ABH

1. mud. Ha yjinixe rpH3B. It's 2. fig. pressure. OKaaaxb AaBJieHne muddy in the street. Ha HCJioBeKa. To exert pressure 2. dirt. rpH3b Ha BopoTHHKe. Dirt on a person. on a collar. AABHO adv. ryBA /., pi. ry6hi, ry6, rySaM, etc. 1. long ago. 3x0 6hjio AaBHO. It was a long time ago. KpacHTb ry6fci. To make up one's 2. for a long time, fl AaBHo ne bh- lips. ACJi CBoero APyra. / haven't seen ryJl^lTh, -K), -erab, -lOT imp. /p. no- my friend for a long time. ryjifllTb, -K), -enib, -k)t to walk JÂ.5KE particle even FyjiflTb c peSeHKOM. To go for a Oh Aa>Ke He saxoxeJi o6eAaxb. He walk with a child. FyjiflTb b Jiecy. would not even have dinner. To walk in the forest. ;ÂJIEE adv. further ryCT|On, -aa, -6e, -ue, short form II xaK AaJiee (h x. a). And so on rycT, rycia, rycxjo, -h; adv. rycio; (etc.). comp. ryme ÂJIEKlHfl, -aa, -oe, -ne, short form 1. thick, dense. FycTwe bojiocbi. AaJieK, AaJieK|a, -6, -h; adv. AaJieK6; Thick hair. FyCTOil Jiec. A thick comp. AaJibme distant forest. J]|epeBbH pacxyx rycxo. JlâJieKaa cxpana. A distant country. The trees grow thick. Exaxif AaJieKO. To go far. Buxb 2. thick. FycxoH Me^. Thick hon- AaJieKO ox AOMa. To be far from ey. Fycxaa CMexana. Thick sour home. cream. JÂJIbHlHfl, -fin, -ee, -ne 3. dense. Fycxoii xyMan. A dense 1. distant, remote. /l,ajibHHe pan- f^S' FycxoH AWM. Thick OHLi. Bemote regions. smoke. 2. long. âjibHee nyxemecxBHe. A ryC|b m., gen. pi. -en goose long journey. HiapeHHH rycb. A roast goose. 3. distant. J\ajihBRe poACXBeHHHKH. Snecb MHoro rycefl. There are many Distant relatives. geese here. JÂJIbmE adv. further, on Hnxaiixe, nojKajiyiicxa, AaJibme, Will you read on, please? IIoHAeM A, fl AaJibme. Let's go on. JÂPflTb, Aapro, Aapnmb, Aapax imp. JÂ particle K o r 6? H X o? K o M y? »j e m y?/ 1. yes. 3x0 xbi? — J^tx, axo a. "/s p. noAapiixb, noAapK), noAapnmb, that you?" "Fes, it's me." noAapax to give (a present) 2. translated by the Im.peratiue. HoAapiixb xoBapnmy KHiiry. To ]J,a 3ApaBcxByex Mnp na seMjie! give a friend a book (as a present). Long live peace on Earth/ JÂTA /. date JÂ|BATb, -K), -enib, -lox imp. Koro? BnaivieHaxejibHaa AaTa. A memorable H T o? K M y? ^ e M y? / /?. Aaxb, date. AaM, Aanib, âcx, ahahm, AÂwxe, JlATh see flABATb AaAyT, past Aaji, -a, -o, -h to give ;^BEP|b /., gen. pi. -m door âxb KHwry xoBapnmy. To give a GxeKJiflHHaa ABepb. A glass door. book to a friend. OxKpuxb ABepb. To open the door. <> Jl&Tb corjiacHe Ha ^to-jihSo. BaKpbixb ABepb. To close the door. To give one's consent to something. BoHXH B ABepb. To come (go) JâXb B03MOH

an hour. J^BnTaThcB Bnepe/i;. To 2. action. 3xh flencxBHH npHBCJiH move ahead. He ABHranxecbJ Don't K xoMy, Hxo... These actions led move! to... J^BrnK^miE neut. 3. action. êncxBne npoHCxoAHX b 1. movemeDt. J]^BmKeHHe njianeT ropoAe H. b XIX Bene. The BOKpyr CoJiHEta. The movement action takes place in the town of of planets round the Sun. N. in the 19th century. 2. traffic. JXEummne Tpancnopxa. 4. act. B Dbece 4 AeucxBaa. There Traffic. PacnHcanne ziBHjKeHHH are 4 acts in the play. noe3;i;6B. A railway time-table. AEflCTBHTEJIbHO 3. movement. Hai\HOHajibHO-ocBo- 1. adv. really. Oh AeHcxBHxejibno SoflHTejiBHoe ABHJKeHHe. The na- 3X0 BHaex. He really knows that. tional liberation movement. Pa66- 2. par en. word indeed, â, ach- nee jiBiimeniie. The working-class cxBnxeJibHo, axo HyjKHo. Yes, movement. ^BHHteHHe cxopoHHii- that's necessary indeed. KOB MHpa. The peace movement. AEflCTBflTEJIBHOCTb /., no pi. ABflHyXbCH see ABflFATbCH reality ^BOE num. two OGXjeKXHBHafl AeHCXBMXeJIbHOCXb. ^Boe Mymnuu. Two men. JJ^Jide cy- Objective reality. jI,eHCXBHxejibHOCXb TOK. Two days. Hamiix AHCH. The reality of our J^BOP m., gen. -a time. 1. courtyard. MamMHa BT,exaJia bo <> B AeHCTBHTeJibHOCTH. In reality. fl;B6p. The motor-car drove into ^.EflCTBlOBATb, -yro, -yemb, -yiox the yard. imp. 2. outside. Ha ABope xojioaho. // 1. to act. Tenepb naAO aghcxbo- is cold outside. Baxb. Now we must act. /^BOP|E^ m., gen. -iâ palace 2. to affect. 3xo na mchh ne ach- KopoJieBCKHH ABopei;. King's cxByex, It doesn't affect me. palace. JÊKABI |b m., gen. -h December <> J^Bopea KyjibTypw. A palace of B AGKaSpe HaHnnaexcH 3HMa. Win- culture. J^BOpe^ cnopxa. A sports ter begins in December. CeroAHH palace. xpexbe AGKaSpn. Today is the third J^£BOHIKA /., gen. pi. -ck (little) of December. Oh npncAex BocbMoro girl ACKaSpa. He will arrive on the MajieHbKan AGBOHKa. A small girl. eighth of December. aEBYiniKA /., gen. pi. -ck girl JIEKAH m. dean KpacMBan AesyiUKa. A beautiful JI,eKaH ^HJioJioFMHecKoro $aKyjib- girl. xexa yHHBepcHxexa. The Dean of JlflJ5,ym\KA m., gen. pi. -ck grand- the Philological Department of the father University. MoH ABAyniKa JKHBex b AcpeBne. /ÊKJIAPA^HH /. declaration My grandfather lives in the country. /êKJiapaHHH cxopohhhkob Mirpa. Jl,E7KSVH\blVL, -afl, -oe, -we A declaration of the peace-support- 1. duty. fle>KypHHB[ Bpan. Duty ers. doctor. Jêmypuafi anxeKa. Duty ÊJIAlTb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. h x o? / chemist's. êHtypntiH Marasiin. p. CAeJia|xb, -K), -emb, -lox A duty shop. 1. to do, Hxo BH AGJiaexe ceroAHH 2. n. a person on duty. Kxo ce- BenepoM? What are you doing roAHH AeJKypHMH? Who is on this evening? Mne H6Hero Ae- duty today? JJêTKyiûuu no o6- jiaxb. I've nothing to do. H hh- mieJKHXHK). The man on duty at êro ho Ae-'iaiO- ^ ^"^ doing the hostel. nothing. flEflCTBHE neut. 2. K r 6? H X o? K e M? k a k h m? 1. action. fl,eHcxBHe khcjioxm na to make. êJiaxb Aexajin. To make XKaHb. The action of an acid on parts. 3x0 CASJiaJio ero cnacx- material. JIHBHM. That made him happy. .

AE.11 32 AEP

3. to do. Marawna fleJiaex 80 km poH noJioBHHe AHH. In the after- B qac. The motor-car does 80 km noon. B xBMeHHe AHH. During the an hour. day.^ Hepea 2 ahh. In 2 days. 2 ahh <0* Jêjiaxb flOKJiajt. To make a re- HaaaA. 2 days ago. Ha CJieAyiomnH port. Jêjiaxb oiuhGkh. To make AeHb. Next day. mistakes. Jêjiaxb na Myxn cjiona. ^ Bbixojiiiou ACHb. A day off. Cf. To make a mountain out of a 4eHb iiesaBHCHMOcTii. Independence molehill. Day. J\QH\i poHCAeniiH. Birthday. JÊJIEFAT m. delegate Oh npneAex na auhx. He will come êJierax KOH(J)epeHi;HH. A delegate one of these days. XoAHXb KVAa- to a conference. -jih6o qepea Aenb. To go somewhere JÊJIEÂ^HH /. delegation every other day. ^ npaBi'iTejibCTBeHHafl /êjierauHH, A ÊHbFH pL, no sing., gen. A^ner government delegation. CnopTiTBuafl money fleJierauHfl. A sports delegation. JloJiyâxb AeHbrH. To receive mon- ÊJIflTb, AGJiK), AeJiiimb, jxeJim imp. ey. JliEnyTAT m. deputy Koro? HT 0? / p. paalAeJiHTb, -jifiJiK), -fleJiHinb, -AeJiHT to divide ênyxax napjiaMenxa. A member of PasflejiiiTb crpaHHuy na ^,Be nacxH. parliament. Hajiara AenyxaxoB. Tlie To divide a page into two parts. Chaifiber of Deputies. PaaêJifixb 10 na 2. To divide 10 JÊPEBHfl /., gen. pi. AepeBGHb by 2. 1. village. êpeBHH cxo/ijia na 6e- peKti. J^fiJIO neut., pi. flejia, êji, êJiaM, pery The village was on etc, business the bank of the river. 2. country(side). y Mena k BaM fleJio. I've got busi- Hîixb b AepeBne. ness to discuss with you. To live in the country. neut., <0' BaHCHoe AeJio. An important JÊPEBO pi. AepeebH. A^peBbeB business. KaK jie.ia? How are you 1. tree. BticoKoe A^peBO. A tall getting along? On noineji no Ae- tree. jiaM. He went out on business. 3xo 2. only sing. wood. HmHK H3 a©- He Kaiue êjio. It's not your busi- peea. A wooden box. ness. B qcM AGJio? What's the mat- AEPEBHUHlbin, -aH, oe, -ue ter? Cêjiaxb qx6-HH6ynb Men^^y wooden AejioM. To do something at odd J]êpeBHHHHH AOM. A wooden house. moments. JÊP>KATb, Aepwy, Aep>KHfflb, Aep- ÊMOKPATflqECKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne >Kax imp. Koro? q x o? to hold democratic /IjepjKaxb nopT(|)eJib. To hold a bag. êwoKpaxriqecKHH cxpoii. A demo- Jlêpwaxb pe6eHKa na pyKax. To cratic system. /êMOKpaxHêcKaH hold a child in one's arms. Jêp- pecnySjiHKa. A democratic repub- >Kaxb pe5eHKa aa pyKy. To hold lic. a child by the hand. JÊMOKPATHH /.democracy <0> JêpjKaxb ce6n b pynax. To IlojiHaH AeMOKpaxHH. Complete de- control oneself mocracy. p. cAep>Kaxb, CAep>Ky, CAepjKHmb, CAep?Kax. cjiobo. To keep ;ÊMOHCTPA^Ha /. CAepwaxb one's word. 1. demonstration. JIêMoecxpanHH cocxoiixcfl na oJioniaAH. The dem- J[ÊP5KATbCfl, Aepwycb, Aep>KHrabCH, onstration will take place in Aep>KaxcH imp. a a h x 6? the square. 1. to hold on. JljepjKaxbCH a^ py- 2. showing, presentation, ^gmoh- Ky. To clutch at somebody's cxpauHH HOBoro ^'AJihMR. The hand. /êpmaxbCH aa nepnjia. To showing of a new film. hold on to the handrail. JÊHb m., gen. ahh day 2. to behave. /l|ep>KaxbCH xpa6po. B nanajie ahh. In the morning. B To behave in a courageous man- cepeAwne ^hh. At midday. Bo bxo- ner. JXET 33 AO

JÊTAJIb /. part a plant. J3;HpeKxop okojih. The /êxajib MamHHH. A part of a ma- director of a school, head-master. chine. J\l[?limEP m. conductor (of an or- ÊTH pi., gen. flexeH, dat. abthm, chestra) instr. jiêThUH, prepos. o asthx; OTCIl.HnJIflHA /., no pi. discipline sing. pe6eH0K children Co6JiK)Aaxb AHcn.HnJiHHy. To observe KHHrH AJi« flexen. Books for chil- discipline. J]|Hcn;HnjiHHa na ypoKe. dren, y Hero ABoe Aexen. i/e has The discipline at the lesson. two children. Omti h flexH. Fathers 3JIHHA /., no pi. length and sons. Mepa AJiHHBi. A measure of length. ;I^£TCK|HB[, -aa, -oe, -ne child's, HSMepHXb A-ntHHy KOMHaXH. To children's measure the length of a room. Vjih- êxcKoe JiHii;6. A child's face. Ha AJiHHOK) B 3 KHJiOMexpa. A street êxcKHH xeaxp, A children's the- 3 kilometres long. IIpbiJKKii b aJIH- atre. ny. Long jumping. «0 JêTCKHit caa. A kindergarten. J^JlflHHjblfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form JtETCTBO neut., no pi. childhood AJiHHeH, A-JiHHHa, A-'iHHHO, jimmnhi B Aexcxse oh >khji b êpeBHe. He 1. long. ^JiMiHHoe naJibxo. A long lived in the country in his child- overcoat. hood. 2. long. JlJinuRum nyxb. A long ÊHIEBIHfl, -aH, -oe, -Lie, short form way. AemeB, Aemesa, A6nieB|o, -li; adv. 3. only short form AJTiTHeH, ji,JiiiBii\a, êmeBo; comp. êmeBJie cheap -6, -bi too long. Ilajibxo aJihhho. êmeBHe BeniiH. Cheap things. Ky- The overcoat is too long. ni'ixb oBoniiH AenieBO, To buy vege- JlJlfl prep. -\- gen. tables cheap. 1. for. yê6HHKH A-JiH cxyAenxoB. aEHTEJIbHOCTb /. activity Textbooks for students. Kyniixb OCmecxBeHHaa fleaxeJibHocxB. So- HrpymKH jx,:iii A^xefi. To buy cial activity. toys for children. AHAMETP m. diameter 2. to. ^JiH Hero axo xHHteJibm yAap. /]|HaMexp Kpyra. The diameter of It's a heavy blow to him. a circle. J^HEBHHK m., gen. -a diary 3HBAH m. divan BecxH AHCBHHK. To keep a diary, GnflexB Ha AHBane. To sit on a di- ^HEBHIOH, -an, -oe, -we van. MarKHH AHBaH. A soft divan. 1. daytime. J^HCBHtie saHHXHH. Day- JleHb Ha AHBaH. To lie down on a time lessons. divan. • 2. day, ^hcbhoh cbcx. Daylight. ^flKlHH, -an, -oe, -ne ^HEM adv. in the daytime 1. wild. JlÛKTlQ JKHBOXHHe. Wild ^hcm HtapKO. It's hot in the day- animals. JXiiKiiQ pacxeHHH. Wild time. plants. J^HO neut., no pi. bottom 2. fig. wild. JJ^HKHH KpnK. A wild JJ^RO pcKH. The bottom of a river. cry. MopcKoe AHO. Sea bottom. Hatii ko 3iHKTAT5^PA /. dictatorship Any. To sink to the bottom. jyHUMM m. diploma JIO prep. -{-gen. HoJiy^HTb AHHJIOM HHHteHGpa. To 1. to. Ox MocKBbi AO KneBa. From receive an engineer's diploma. Moscow to Kiev. Jlôexaxb ao JpinJIOMATflÊCKlHfl, -an, oe, -ne nenxpa. To go to the centre, ôh- diplomatic XH AO ABepH. To reach the door. ycxaHOBHXb AHHJioMaxiiHecKHe oxho- 2. till. Ox 2 AO 5. From 2 till 5. raeHHH. To establish diplomatic re- C yxpa AO Beêpa. From morn- lations. ^HHJiOMaxpiiecKHe oxHorae- ing till evening. HHfl ueTKjiy cxpanaMH. Diplomatic 3. to. Bopb6a AO noGeAM. A fight relations between countries. to the victorious end. ÔHHxaTB JUHPEKTOP m., pi. -a director KHHry AO KOHua. To read the /^HpeKXop BaBOAa. The director of hook to the end. 3—4002 aoB 34 Aor

<> HCnsHb flo BOUHfaJ. Life before complete an undertaking. JôeecTH the war. Kor6-JiM6o AO c.iea. To make one cry. JÔBABHTb see ÔBABJlHXb ÔBOJIbHO ^ÔBABJlHlTb, -10, -emb, -iot imp. 1. adv. rather. Yme AOBOJibno ndaA- qxo? Hero?//?. Ao6a|BHTb, -bjik), Ho. It's rather late already. -BHinb, -BHT 2. predic. impers. (it is) enough. 1. to add. ôGaBHTb cojih b cyn. Yme nosAHo: AOBoJibHo BaM 3a- To add salt to the soup. HHMaxbCH. It's already late: 2, to add. ^l|o6aBHTb iiecKOJibKo you've studied long enough. cjiob. To add a few words. ÔBOJIbHIblH, -an, -oe, -bie, short Jl,OBHBA|TbCH, -locb, -eiubCH, -iotch, form AOBOJien, AOBoJibHla, -o, -u KeM? q CM? contented, pleased imp. »i e r 6? / /?. AoSiixbCH, j\o6h\ibch, -embcH, -i6tch to strive ÔBOJibHbiii BiiA. A contented look. ôSiiBaTbcn ycnexa. To strive for H jxoBOJiou TBoeii pa66TOH. / am success. pleased with your work. JÔBHTbCH see ÔBHBATbCH TÔrAÂTbCH see ÔPA ablBATbCH ÔBP|blH, -an, -oe, -we, short form SOPA/jblBAlTbCH. -locb, -embCH, -K)TCH imp. o HCM?//?. AoraAaJTb- Ao6p, Ao6pa, fl66po, Ao6pLi kind ^65pbin HeJioBeK. A kind person. CH,^-iocb, -embCH, -iotch to guess Oh AoraAaJicH, o hcm omi roBo- <> /ôGpbiii JêIIb! Good afternoon! 466poe yxpo! Good morning! Jliomi pi'iJiH, xoTfi OHii roBopiiJiii Tiixo. guessed what they were talking AoSpoii BOJiii. People of good will. He about, they were talking in By^bxe jtoSpw. Be so kind. C;;e- though jiaTb mt6-jih6o no ji,66pon bojig. low voices. see ÔFOHflTb To do something out of good will. ,HOrHATb JÔrOBAPHBAlTbCfl, -K)Cb, -embCH, ÔBblBAlTb, -K), -enib, -iot imp. -IOTCH imp. H e M? c KeM? mo?/p. AoSbiTb, ;;o6y;i|y, -eiub, / -limbCH, -yT to extract p. AOrOBOpllITbCH, -lOCb, agree, to fix 4o6LiBaTb yroJib. To mine coal. -HTCH to J],oroBopiiTbCH BCTpene c Tosapn- ÔBb'ITb see AOBblBATb meM. To fix a meeting with a ÔBEPHE neut., no pi. confidence, trust friend. GTpaHbi AoroBopiiJiiicb o OnpaB;i;aTb ÔBepne, To justify KyjibTypiioM o6MeHO na c.ieAyio- somebody's confidence. 3acJiyjKHTb miiii roA. The countries agreed about aoBepiie. To prove to be worthy of the next year's cultural exchange. one's trust. JÔrOBOP m. treaty, agreement ÔBEPHTb see /ÔBEPHXb ôroBop Apy>K6e ii BsaiiMHOH no- ÔBEPHlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. h to? Momii. A treaty of friendship and K M AOBeplHTb, -K), -HHlb, -HT y? / p. mutual aid. MnpHbiii AoroBop. A 1. no to trust. ôBcpaxb /i;py- p. peace treaty. ToproBuii AoroBop. ry. To trust a friend. A trade agreement. 3aKJiK)HiiTb 2. to entrust. ôBepHTb apyry MiipHbiH AoroBop. To conclude a TaHHy. To take a friend into peace treaty. IloAnHcaTb AoroBop one's confidence. o MPipe. To sign a peace treaty. aOBECTfl see JÔBOAflTb AOFOBOPflTbCH see ÔFOBAPH- JÔBOJ^flTb, AOBOJKy, AOBOAHuib, ô- BATbCH BO^HT imp. K o r 6? q t o? /j; o Hero? fp. AOBecTiT, jxoBejxIy, -emb, JÔrOHUlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. ko- -yT, past AOBeji, AOBeJija, -6, -h to to? HTO? /p. AornaTb, AoroHK), lead to (as far as), up to AoroHHmb, aofohht, past AoruaJi, ÔBecTH KOT6-Bu6yji.h AO KaKoro- -rnajia, -raaJilo, -h to overtake^ HH6yAi> MecTa. To lead somebody JôroHHTb y6eraK)mero neJiOBeKa. fugitive. Oh as far as some place. Jôbocth To overtake a \\ fig. MajibHHKa flo cTaHn;HH. To take the AOJiro 6oJieJi, ho oh AoroHHT cboio boy to the station. rpynny. He was ill for a long time group. <0» AoBecTH AeJio a© KOHua. To but he will catch up with the AOE 35 Aoivjr

^0E3H{A|TL, -K), -emb, -iot imp. ;; o AOKyMeHxm. To get the docu- Hero? J p. AoexaTb, AoeAly, -emb, ments. -5^T to reach 2. document. 3xo oneHb BaJKHHH ôexaxb 30 MocKBU. To reach Mos- AOKyMOHx. It is a very impor- cow. H AoexaJi ot Mockbm ao Jle- tant document. HcxopHHCCKHH ao- HHHrpaAa sa 8 nacoB. It took me KyMenx. An historical document. 8 hours to get to Leningrad from JlOJir m. Moscow. 06hhho oh AoeawaJi ao 1. no pi. duty. 3xo moh aojif. It's n,eHTpa Ha aBToCyce, a hotom meji my duty. BbinoJiHHXb cboh aojif. nemKOM. He usually went to the To do one's duty. centre by bus, and then walked. 2. pi. jioJiTH debt. BsHXb A^HbrH AOEXATb see A0E3HCATb B AOJir. To borrow money. Ot- ;^05KJi;JIHB|blfl, -an, -oe, bie rainy Aaxb AOJir. To pay one's debt. J\omji,JiuBaifi noroAa. Rainy weath- HMexb AOJiFH. To be in debt. er. ÔJKAJIHBMH A^Hb. A rainy y Hero MHoro AOJiroB. He has a day. J\omjimiBoe JieTO. A rainy lot of debts. summer. <> R 5biJi B AOJiry oepeA hhm. / ÔHC^jb m., gen. -fi rain was indebted to him. Hagt jsflyKjih. It rains. IIpoJiHBHoH JÔJirO adv. for a long time A0>KAb. Pouring rain. Jômj^b Jiber ôJiro JKAaxb. To wait for a long KaK H3 BeApa. It is raining cats and time. dogs. MeJiKHH oceHHHii aojka^. An AOJIJKEH, AOJiJKHia, -6, -u autumn drizzle. IIoa ao^kagm- i^ the 1. must. Mbi AOJi?KHBi MHoro pa66- rain. xaxb. We must work a lot. BoJib- JÔflTfl see /ÔXOAHTb HaH A0Ji>KHa JiejKaxb b nocxeJin. ;i;0KA3ATEJlbCTB0 neut. proof, evi- The sick woman has to keep to dence her bed. H aoJUKCH nomri b Ma- CyAbH TpeSoBaJi AOKaaaTejibcxB. The rasiiH. / must go shopping. Mh judge demanded proof(s). saBxpa AOJi>KHLi SyAGM Bcxpe- 30KA3ATb see Jl,0KA3blBATb XHXbCH. We shall hare to meet Jl,0KA3bIBAlTb, -K), -enib, -k)t imp. tomorrow. Oh AOJiJKen 6bixb 3Aecb HTO? KOMy?//?. AOKasaib, AOKa- B 2 Haca. He is to be here at mf, AOKa>Kenib, AOKa^Kyx to prove 2 o'clock. A KaK Bbi AOKajKexe, hto bm npa- 2. to owe. Tw MHe aoji^kgh 10 py6- Bbi? And how are you going to prove Jieii. You owe me 10 roubles. that you are right? ÔKaaaxb axo JlfiM m., pi. -a house xpyAHO. It's difficult to prove that. IIocxpoHXb AOM. To build a house. JS,OKJlAjS, m. report <> JJÔM KyjibTypw. A house of cul- HavHHbiH AOKJiaA- ^ scientific re- ture. JJôM OTAbixa. A rest-home. port. HHxepecHHH aokjisIa. An in- JIÔMA adv. FAG? at home teresting report. CAGJiaxb AOKJiaA- PaSoxaxb AOMa. To work at home. To make a report. FoxoBHXb AO- R 6yAy AOMa b 6 nacoB Beqepa. KJiaA. To prepare a report. Toxo- I'll be home at 6 o'clock in the eve- BHXbCH K AOKJiaAy- To prepare for ning. a report. AOMAfflHIHfl, -na, -ee, -He JÔKTOP m., pi. -a 1. home. ÔMamuHH pa66xa. Home- 1. doctor. OnbixHbiH AOKXop. An work. ôMamnee aaAauHe. A experienced doctor. HaAO nosBaxb home-task. JlÔMamuHH xejieÔH. AOKXopa. A doctor must be A private telephone. called. rioHXH K AOKXopy. To go 2. domestic. JÔMamuHe jKHBOxHbie. to a doctor. Bmxb y AOKXopa. Domestic animals. To be at the doctor's. JÔMOEt adv. KyAa? home 2. doctor. ÔKXop nayK. A doctor Haxh aomoh. To walk home. Exaxb (of science). AOMOH. To go home. EocJie pa6dxu AOKyMEHT m. fl o6biHHO HAy AOMOH. After work I 1. usu. pi. document. IIoJiyHHTb usually go home. JÔP 36 Apy

aopOrA /. AOCTHPAlTb, -H), -enib, -iot imp. 1. road. ninpoKaH ôpora. A wide q e r 6? / />. AOCTHrnjyxb, -y, -enib, road. -yx & AocxM^b, AOCXHrnly, -emb, 2. way. IIoKaaaTb Aopory. To show -yx, past Aocxar, -Jia, -Jio, -jih the way. 1. to reach. AjibHHHHCXbi aocxhfjih 3. journey. B ôpdre 6mjio seceJio. BepmHHbi ropbi. The mountain It was a merry journey. YcTaTb climbers reached the top of the c floporn. To be tired after one's mountain. journey. 2. to achieve, ôcxnraxb 6ojibniHX <> HCeJiesHEfl Aopora. A railway. ycnexoB. To achieve great success. Hath CBoefi Aoporon. To go one's JI[ocTumo npeKpacHux peayjibxa- way. Ho Aopore. On the way. Ho xoB. To achieve splendid results. ffopore flOMOH oh Kynaji raaexy. On AOCTflrHYTb see ÔCTHPATb ^ the way home he bought a newspa- ÔCTHiixEHHE neut. achievement per. ôcxHJKeHHH mhpob6h HayKH. The JÔPOriOfl, -an, -6e,^ -me, short form achievements of world science. Aopor, Aopora, floporjo, -h; adv. JJ,OXOJlfiTh, AOXo>Ky, AOxoAHmb, ao- Aoporo; comp. AopoHte x6ahx imp. AO Koro? ao ne- 1. expensive, dear. ôporoH ko- t6?./ p. AOHlxM, -Ay, -Aemb, -AyT, CTiOM. An expensive suit, /ôpo- /?asÂonieji, AoniJi|a, -6, -h to reach, ran Me6ejib. Expensive furniture. to go as far as 2. dear. Jôporon flpyr. Dear friend. ÔHxri AO yHHBepcHxexa. To reach 3. cherished, dear. JJôipoTiie Bocno- the University. Ox yHHBepcHxexa ao MHHaHHH. Cherished recollections. o6in;e}KHXHH h Aomeji neniK6M. / JJ,0 CBHAAHHH see CBHAAHHE walked all the way from the Uni- JÔCKA /., ace. AOCKy; pi. aockh, ao- versity to the hostel. etc. coK, AOCKaM, Ô^b /., gen., dat., prepos. AOêpn, 1. board, ^y66 Baa AOCKa. An oak ace. AOHb, instr. AOêpbio; pi. p,6- board. HepH, AoêpeH, AO'iepaM, AOHepen, 2. blackboard, nncaxb na AOCKe. To AOHepbMH (AOêpaMH), o AOiepax write on the blackboard. GTepexb daughter c AOCKH. To clean the blackboard. MJiaAinaH AOHb. The youngest daugh- <0> KjiaccHafl AOCKa. Blackboard. ter. CpeAHHfl AO^b. The middle lIIaxMaTHafl AOCKa. Chessboard. daughter. Gxapman AOHb. The eld- JlocKA noqexa. Roll of honour. est daughter. ÔCTAjBATb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. ^PEBHIHtt, -an, -ee, -ne ancient HTO? /?. Aocralxb, -ny, -nerab, -nyx / jQ^peBHHe Hap6Abi. Ancient peoples. 1. Her6? to reach. ôcxaBaxb Ao ^peBHHH HcxopHfl. Ancient history. To reach the AO noxojiKa. ^peBHHC naMHXHHKH apxHTeKxypu. ceiling. Ancient monuments of architecture. 2. to get, to take, ôcxasaxb khh- -y, -limb, -ax imp. ry c n6jiKH. To get a book from J^P05K|ATb, JiHCXbH ApoJKax na the shelf. JlôcxaBaxb nJiaxbe h3 1. to quiver. ;êpeBe. The leaves are quivering niKaâ. To take a dress out of the wardrobe. on the tree. 2. to tremble, to shiver, ^pojâxb 3. to get. ôcxasaxb 6hji6xm b kh- To shiver with cold. HO. To get tickets for the cinema. ox xoJioAa. ÔCTATOHHO J^pojKaxb ox cxpaxa. To tremble with ear. 1. adv. enough. PaSoxaxb Aocxa- J TO'THO AOJiro. To work long /^py^ m., pi. Apy3b3, Apyaea friend enough. GxapwH APyr. An old friend. J\o- 2. predic. impers. (it is) enough, poroH Apyr. A dear friend. JIio- that will do. Mee HHxaxb AaJib- 611MUH Apyr. A very dear friend. nie? — Hex, Aocxaxoino. ''Shall I Bepeue Apysbs. Faithful friends. go on reading?-' ''No, that'll do." ^ CxapbiM Apyr Jiy^rae hobux ;ÔCTATb see AOCTABATb AByx (proverb). An old friend is flpy 37 EAH

better than two new ones, /^py3bfl talk. no^JiaroâpiiTb ot nymH. To nosHaiOTCH b 6efle (proverb). Cf. thank from the bottom of one's A friend in need is a friend indeed. heart, fly ma 65mecTBa. The life ;^py^|Ofl, -an, -de, -Me of the party. 1. different. Tu cxaji ;^pyÎ^M. fl'yiUHIblfl, -an, -oe, -we; adv. jxyrnno become yow'i;e different. 1. sultry. flymuBiH seêp. A sultry 2. other. yBHAHMCH b ^pyroH pas. evening. We'll meet some other time. 2. adv., predic. impers. (to be) suf- 3. used as n. other. Oahh nomjiii focating. Mne AyniHO. / am suf- B KHHO, 3pyrHe — b xeaxp. Some focating. went to the cinema, others to the flbIM m., no pi. smoke theatre. FycTOH AWM. Dense smoke. <> Ha flpyroH ÔHb. The next day. Her flhJMa 6e3 ornH (proverb). Jl^vfWBX /., no pi. friendship There's no smoke without a fire. BojiLmaH 7i;pyH{6a. A great friend- neut., no breathing ship. ^p3'}K6a HapoAOB (or: MejKfly flblXAHHE pi. Hap6j];aMH). Friendship between FjiydoKoe ^fcixaHHe. Deep breathing. peoples. flbllUATb, Awniy, jjûmiiuih, Abimax imp. 3Py5KflTB, ApyJKy, flpyJKHmi,, flpy- H{aT zm/?. c K e M? c h e m? to be 1. to breathe. TjiyCoKO AwinaxB. friends To breathe deep. flBimaxB noJi- breathe deep. flpyjKHTB c T0BapHn;aMH no hhcth- HOH rpy^tK). To Tyxy. To be friends with one's THmeJio ABimaTB. To breathe fellow-students. with difficulty. bos- ^Py^KHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He; adv. 2.: BaM Haô AbimaxB cBeJKUM get air. AP5^5KHO AyxoM. You must fresh uncle 1. friendly, united. /J^pyjKHafl ceMLH. flUflH m. -4 united family. JKhtb ji;pyH{HO. To live in friendship. 2. concerted. ^pymnaH pa66Ta. Team work. PaSdiaTb aPY^kho. E, e To work as a team. J^^MAITb, -K), -emt, -lox imp. hto? EFO poss. pron., indecl. his o K6M?oHeM?&-|- inf./p. no^y- 9x0 ero nopx(|)eJib. This is his MajTB, -K), -eraB, -k)t to think brief-case. 3xa KHiTxa ero. This book HeM TBI ;;yMaemB? What are you is his. thinking about? Hto tbi ayMaeniB o6 EflA f., no pi. food BTOM? What do you think of thai? BKycHaa eâ. Tasty food. ^yMaio, HTO OH roBopHT npaB^y. EflBA / think he is speaking the truth. 1. adv. nearly. Oh e^Ba ycneJi na H AyMaio saHHTBCfl cnoproM. / am ypoK. He was nearly late for his thinking of taking up sport. lesson. Ona e^Ba ne ycnyjia. She 3;yPAK m., gen. -a fool nearly fell asleep. /^yiTB, -K), -emB, -iot imp. 2. conj. hardly. EflBa oh BbimeJi Ha 1. to blow. G MopH Ayer Berep. yjiHuy, KaK nanajicH aojkab. A wind is blowing from the sea. Hardly had he gone cut into the 2. impers.: SêcB ^y^T. There is a street when it began to rain. draught here. EflflHCTBEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -Bie only flyin m. shower EAHHCXBeHHUH CHH. An only son. IIpHHflTB j\ym. To take a shower. EAHHCXBeHHBiH KocxioM. The only fly inA /., ace. Aj'my; pi. jiymu soul suit. <> Xopomo Ha Ayrae. At ease. EflflHCTBO neut. unity flejiaxb c flymoH. To put one's Eahhcxbo BsrJiHAOB. Unity of views. heart into something. IIoroBopHTb no Eahhcxbo xedpHH h npaKXHKH. The AymaM. To have a heart-to-heart unity of theory and practice. EAM 38 5KAJI

E/^flH|bl(i, -an, -oe, -ue united, single ""Are you hungry?" ''Yes, I am EAHHaH BOJIH. A single will. Eah- very hungry." HbiH HJiaH. A single plan. ECTb2 see BblTb EE poKaH, HOCAeM, HoeaHtaHTe imp. k y- 3th KHHrH ee. These books are A a? H a q e M? to go hers. ExaTb Ha napoxoAe. To go by ship. EH{EAHEBH|blfl, -an, -oe, -tie; adu. ExaTb Ha TpaMBae. To go by tram. e>KeAHeBHo daily ExaTb na noeaAe. To go by train. EweAHeBHaH raaeia. A daily paper. ExaTb Ha aBx66yce. To go by bus. EjKeAHeBHo AGJiaxb VTpeHHioK) 3a- IloeAeM Ha Mexpo! Let's go by the pfl^Ky. To do p.t. exercises daily. underground! ABToSyc SiJCTpo ejier. E3mHTb, ->Ky, -;i;Hinb, -jj^ht imp. The bus is going fast. IlHOHepbi 1. to go. Ka>K;tuH aenb h e3>Ky CAyT B Jiarepb. The Young Pioneers B HHCTHiyT Ha xpaMBae. Every are going to camp. day I go to the Institute by tram. EmE adv. B npomjiOM roAy h esAHJi na 1. more. JXame Mue emji xJie6a. KaBKas. Last year I went to the Give me some more bread, fl xo- Caucasus. qy Kyniixb kocxfom h eme oahh 2. to ride. H yMeio eaAHXb na bg- raJicxyK. / want to buy a suit JiocHHeA^. / can ride a bicycle. and one more tie. EJI|KA /., gen. pi. -ok fir-tree 2. still. Oh eme oqenb mojioa. He B Jiecy MHoro ejioK. There are many is still very young. fir-trees in the forest. 3. as much as. Oh yexaji enê roA <> HoBoroAHflH ejiKa. New Year HaaaA. He left as much as one tree. year ago. ECJIH conj. 4. still, y Hac erne mhofo speMeHH. J. if. EcJiH fl He Sy^y Sojien, to We still have plenty of time. oGflaaxejibHo npHAy b xeaTp. // 5. still. Oh cTaA euê Ao6pee h / am not ill, I'll certainly come Jiyqme. He became still kinder to the theatre. EcJiH xothtg, h and better. paccKa>Ky Baivi. // you want, I'll tell you. EcjiH 6u h sHaji o6 3T0M paHbme, h 6bi He npHuieji. If I had known this earlier I should not have come. 2. whereas. Ecjih na ceBepe CTpanu H{AJl,H|blfl, -aH, -oe, -ue, short form oêHb xoJiOAHo, to Ha lore >KapK0. waAen, HtaAHa, >KaAH|o, -m; adv. Whereas it is very cold in the jKaAHO stingy north of the country, it is very JKaAHwii ^leJioBeK. A stingy person. hot in the south. HCAJl£|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. / ECTf:CTBEHH|Mfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short p. no>KaJie|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)t form ecTecTBGH, ecTecTBeHH|a, -o, 1. Koro? HTo? to pity. JKaJiexb -bi; adv. ecTecTBeHHO peSeHKa. To pity a child. 1. only complete form natural. 2. o KOM? o HCM? or followed EcTecTBGHHbie HayKH. Natural by conj. mo to be sorry. >Ka- sciences. EcTecxBeHHUH (|)aKyjib- jiexb noxepHHHOM BpeMeHH. To TCT. Natural science faculty. be sorry for the time lost, fl ma.- 2. natural. EcTecTBeHHoe JKeJiaHHe. jieio, Hxo He noexaJi na aKCKyp- A natural desire. CHK). / am sorry I did not go on ECTb^, CM, emb, ecT, e^viM, cahtc, caht; the excursion. imper. emb, embxe, past eji, ejia 3. H e r 6? to grudge. H{aJierb Aener.

imp. I p. cbecTb, cteM, cbemb, cbeCT, To grudge the money. cbeAHM, CLBAHxe, cLeAHT to eat HCAJIKO (HCAJIb) adv., predic. im- EcTL cyn. To eat soup. Xonerab pers. KOMy? Koro? h x o? or ecTb? — /l,a, H oneub xony ecTb. H e r 6? HCAJI 39 H«EH

1. K r d? ^ T 0? (to be) sorry. Mhg >KE (5K) particle JKaJiKO tgSh. / am sorry for you. 1. emphatic particle: Hxd me xu Mne jKaJiKO cecipy. / am sorry MOJiHHmb? Why on earth are you for my sister. HaM JKaJiKO nam silent? Hxd JKe mhb êJiaxb? What CTapwii ji;OM. We feel sorry for shall I do? Kxd me anaji, hxo no- our old home. Mne jKaJiKO noxe- rdâ H3MeHHXCH? Who could know pHHHoro BpeMGHH, I'm sorry for that the weather would change? the time lost. 2. exactly, very, just, etc. Y MeuH 2. followed by conf . hto. JKaJiKO, ecxb xaKaa me KHHra, KaK y HTO Tw He npHineji. It's a pity xedfi. I've got an exactly the same that you didn't come. book as you. Ko MHe npHXOAim 3. Hero? to grudge. Emj jKajiKo xdx >Ke Bpan, Koxopwii npnxo- Aener. He grudges the money. ;i;iiji K xe6e. / was attended by JKAJIjOBATbCa, -yiocb, -yerabCH, the same doctor as you. B xy we -yiOTCfl jm/). H a Koro? na qxo? MHHyxy pasflajicH sBondK. At K M y? Ip. no>Kaji|oBaTbcH, -yiocB, that very moment the bell rang. -yembCH, -yioiCH to complain 5KEJIAHHE neut. wish JKajiOBaTbCfl na Cbma. To complain y MeuH 6oJibmde TKeJianne yqiixb- of one's son. CH. / am. eager to learn. H{AJIb see 5KAJIK0 5KEJIA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. ko- 5KAPEHlblfl, -an, -oe, -we fried, M y? »i e M y? nerd? or followed roast by inf./p. no>Kejia|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox JKapenan KapioniKa. Fried pota- to wish toes. }KapeHoe mhco. Roast meat. JKejiaio BaM cnacxbH, 3j],opdBbH h JKAPIHTB, -K), -limb, -ht imp. hto?/ doJibmnx ycnexoB. / wish you liap- p. nofliJKaplHTb, -K), -nmb, -ht to pifiess, good health and great suc- fry, to roast cess. Htejiaio BaM Bcerd Hanjiyq- noA>KapHTb KapidmKy. To fry pomero, / wish you all the best. >Ke- tatoes. JKapHTb Mflco. To roast Jiaio BaM xopomd oxôxnyxb. / meat. wish you a good rest, fl He JKCJiaio 5KAPK|HH, -aa, -oe, -ho; adv. >KapKo; HHHerd cJiymaxb. / don't want to comp. /Kapqe hear anything. 1. hot. JKapKHH AeHb. A hot day. 5KEJIE3H|blfl, -an, -oe, -bie HfapKaH noroAa. Hot weather. 1. iron. }KeJie3HaH Kpwma. A met- HiapKoe Jiexo. A hot summer. al roof. >KeJie3HaH pyâ. Iron ore. 2. adv., predic. impers. (is) hot. 2. fig. iron. /KeJiesHoe 3;ôpdBbe. Mne JKapKO. / am hot. Cero^HH Strong health. >Kejie3HaH Bdjia. oneHb jKapKO. It's very hot to- An iron will. day. GxaJio eme JKapqe. It be- <> >Ke.ie3Hafl aopora. Railway. came still hotter. JKEJIE30 n., no pl.^ iron HCATb, JKMiy, -emb, -yx imp. h x o?/ B 3T0H pyAe MHoro JKCJiesa. There p. no>Kaxb, no}KM|3% -emb, -yx to is much iron in this ore. GêJiaTb press, to squeeze Hxd-HH5yAi> H3 JKeJie3a. To make IIo>Kaxb K0My-HH6y/i;i> pyny. To something out of iron. shake hands with somebody. HEJITlbin, -an, -oe, -He yellow HCmATb, -y, -emb, -yx, past jKâJi, >KejixaH KpacKa. Yellow paint. >Keji- HÂaJia, m^,aJI\o, -h imp. k o r d? Xbiii HBex. Yellow colour. JKeJixoe H X o? or Herd? nJiaxbe. A yellow dress. 1. Kord? Hxo? to wait. /Kflaxb HCEHA /., pi. TKeubi wife flpyra. To wait for a friend. Mori Hêna — Bpan. My wife is a >KAaxb cecxpy. To wait for one's doctor. sister. JKâxb xpaMBaH. To wait HCEHATIblH, -bie; short form JKenax, for a tram. -H (of men or of a married couple) 2. nerd? to expect. H^âxb nncb- married Ma. To expect a letter. JKâxb JKenaxMH hcjiobck. A married man. ndMom;H. To expect help. H He JKenax. I'm not married. .

;keh 40 Hcyp

HCEHflTbCH, jKeHiocB, weHHmLCH, me- 3. fig. lively. JKhboh peSenoK. A HHTCH imp. & p. Ha K 6 M? to lively child. JKhboh yM. Live- marry ly wit. MoH Apyr JKeHHTCfl, My friend Is 4. living. H\hb6h hbuk. A living getting married. Oh HteHjiJiCH na language. KpacHBOH flGByniKe. He married a <> ^HBbie n;BeTW. Natural flowers. beautiful girl. HHBOT m., gen. -a stomach p. also HOJKeHHTBCfl, sing, not used, y MeHH 6oJiriT mwROT. I have a pi. nojKeHHMCH, noHteHHxecb, uome- stomach-ache HHTCH to get married H{HBOTH|OE neut., gen. -oro animal Ohh HOHteHPiJiHCb y>Ke âBHo. They ^HKHe jKHBOTHue. Wild animals. married quite a long time ago. JIjOMamHHe H^HBOTHbie. Domestic HCEHCKIHfl, -an, -oe, -ne woman's, animals. women's HCflAKlHfl, -aa, -oe, -ne JKeHCKan 66yBL. Women's footwear. 1. liquid. JKiiAKoe tgjio. A liquid MejKAyHapoAHfciH jKencKHH jêuh. substance. International Women's Day. 2. thin. }KiiAKHH cyn. Thin soup. HCEHmHHA /. woman JKn^KaH CMexana. Thin sour KpacHBaH HteHmnna. A beautiful cream. woman. HClSAKOCTB /. liquid HCEPTBA /. Han(f^HHTb cocy;^ hîjakoctbio. To 1. sacrifice. Blitb totoehm na jiio- fill a vessel with a liquid. 6ue JKepTBu. To be ready to H^nSHEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -me life make any sacrifices. npuHOCHTfc }Kpi3HeHHbiH OHHT. Life experience. jKepiBLi. To make sacrifices. 5KH3Hb /. life 2. victim. Butb (cxaTL) HiepxBOH. /Knaub qeJioBena. Man's life. }KH3Hb victim. To be (become) a pacTeHHH. The life of plants. KaK JKECTKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne wiry, hard BOBHHKJia >KH3Hb Ha ScMJIG? HoW }KecTKHe BoJiocBi. Wiry hair. >KecT- did life appear on Earth? Thjkc- KHH ^HBan. A hard divan. JiaH JKHBHb. A hard life. 06mecT- <> 5KecTKiiH Baroii. Hard-seated BeHHan mnsuh. Public life. railway carriage. <> êJiOBeK, nojiHbiu tkushu. A man h«h3hh h HCECTOKIHH, -an, -oe, -ne full of vitality. Bonpoe matter and death. 1. cruel. TKecTOKHH neJioBeK. A CMepxii. A of life cruel person. BbiTb MejKfly H{H3Hbio n cMepxbio. death. 2. bitter, severe. HêcxoKan 6opb6a. To be between life and bitter struggle. H^cctokhh 3a- -an, -oe, -ue fat, rich A ^flPHlblH, ^ KOH. A cruel law. JKiipHoe Mflco. Fat meat. JKnpHHH H{EHb, JKry, jKJKemb, jKryx, past cyn. Rich soup. mer, >KrJi|a, -o, -h imp. Koro? HCliTEJIb m. inhabitant CeJibCKHH JKHxejib. A countryman. H T 0? / jo. cjKe^b, cojKry, cojKJKemb, cowrvT, past cmer, coHtrJija, -6, -n FopoACKOH jKHxeJib. A townsman. 1. to burn. CJKe^b nncbMO. To burn Ckojibko JKHxejieH b ropoAe? How in the a letter. TKe^h 6eH3HH, Kepocnn, manyXinhabitants are there yroJib, ApoBa. To burn petrol, town? paraffin, coal, firewood. HCHTb, >KHBly, -emb, -yx, past jkhji, 2. fig. to burn. Gojinne h^jkct. The jKHJia, >KHJi|o, -H imp. to live sun is scorching. Mopoa mmeT TKuTh AOJiro. To live long. JKnxb JiHqo H pyKH. The frost bites APyJKHo. To live peacefully. /Khxb the face and the hands. xopomo. To live well, fl JKHBy b M11B\0VL, -an, -oe, -tie, short form MocKBe. / live in Moscow. HiHXB wits. H«HB, HfHBa, HtliB|0, -W, adv . WHBO cBoriM yMOM. To live by one's 1. alive. JKnxb noA oahoh KpiimeH. To live 2. living. TKHBaH npHpoAa. Living under the same roof. nature. HCyPHAJI m. magazine 3A 41 3AB

3, 3 3ABOJIETb2, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. saSoJiiix, 3a6oJiHx p. 3A prep. to begin to ache I. -j- instr. y MeHH 3a6ojieJia rojiOBa. My head 1. behind, beyond. IIIyM 3a CTenofi. began to ache. I A noise behind the wall. 3a pe- 3AB0TA /. care KOH Jiec. There is a forest beyond 3a66xa o flpyre. Care for a friend. the river. 3AB0|THTbCH, -qycb, -xHmbca, -xax- 2. at. CHflexb aa ctojiom. To sit at CH imp. o K 6 M? o ^eM? /j9. no- the table. 3a66|THXbCH, -HyCb, -XHmbCH, -XHX- 3. after. HflTii Apyr 3a ;i;pyroM. To cfl to take care go one after another. H 3a BaMH. Maxb 3a66xHxcH o peSenKe. The / am after you. mother takes care of her child. 4. at, 3a o6eAOM. At dinner. 3a 3AB0TJlHBlblE[, -an, -oe, -me thought- saBxpaKOM. At breakfast. ful, careful 5. for. IIocjiaTfc aa epaHOM. To send SadoxJiHBUH flpyr. A thoughtful for the doctor. Vlj^Ta 3a xjie6oM. friend. 3a66xJiHBoe oxnomeHne. A To go to buy some bread. careful attitude. 6. after. GMOTpexb sa peSenKOM. 3ABbIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -rox imp./ To look after a child. p. aaSbixb, 3a63^A|y. -emb, -yx 7. out of, beyond. JKhxl 3a ropo- 1. KOro? HXO? o KOMPoqeM? AOM. To live in the country (out or followed by conj. -^t o or by an of town). inf. to forget. 3a6HBaxb Apyra. II. -\-acc. To forget one's friend. 3a6biBaxb about 1. behind, out of. IIocxaBHXB Kap- o X0BapHni;e. To forget xHHy 3a mKa(|). To put a pic- one's friend. 3a6bixb npaBHJio. ture behind the wardrobe. Bpo- To forget a rule. H 3a6HJi, qxo CHXb hx6-jih6o 3a OKHo. To throw ceroAHH coSpauHe. / forget there something out of the window. is a meeting today. He 3a6yAbxe to 2. at. Cecxb 3a cxoji. To sit down KyuHXb SuJiexH. Don't forget at the table. buy tickets. 3. by. B3Hxb Kor6-HH6yAb 3a pyKy. 2. H X ? to leave. 3a6wxb sohthk b To take somebody by the hand. Mexpo. To leave one' s umbrella in the underground. 4. before. 3a necKOJibKO jiue^ jio npnesAa xoBapHni;a. Some days SABb'ITb see SABblBATb before the friend's arrival. 3ABEPH5^Tb see 3ABEPTbIBATb lo, -emb, -lox imp. 5. in. BbinoJiHHXb pa66xy sa nefle- 3ABEPTbIBAiTb, JiK). To do the work in a week. Koro? Hxo? / JO. 3aBepH|yxb, -y, 6. for. BopoxbCH 3a Mnp, sa cbo66- -emb, -yx to wrap MacJio 6yMary. To wrap ay. To fight for peace, for free- 3aBepHyxb b dom. the butter in paper. SaBepniixe, no- JKaJiyiicxa. Wrap it up, please. 7. for. 3anJiaxiixb aa kocxiom. To 3ABECTH see 3AB0AiITb pay for a suit. Kynnxb 3a 5 py6- 3ABfl3|0BATb, -yio, -yemb, -yioT Jien. To buy for 5 roubles. imp. K M y? H e M y? / p. noaaBii- 8. to. noe3fl;Ka 3a ropoA. ^ t^^P io AloBaxb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox to envy the country. Oh saBiiAyex Mne. He envies me. Oh 3ABACT0B1KA /., gen. pi. -ok saBpiAyex moitm ycnexaM. He envies strike me my success. 06'bflBHXb 3a6acx6BKy. To declare a 3ABfl|CETb, -my, -cnmb, -chx imp. strike. ox Koro? ox Hero? to depend 3AB0JIEITL1, -K), -emb, -lox p. hcm? 3x0 saBHCHX ox Bac. It depends on you. to fall ill 3ABflCHM0CTb /., no pi. depen- 3a6ojiexb rpnnnoM. To fall ill with dence the 'flu. 3a6ojiexb anrHHOH. To 3AB0j^ m. works, plant fall ill with tonsillitis. ABXOMoSflJIbHMH SaBOA- ^'^ ^"^^ I

3AB 42 3AA

works. nocxynpiTb iia aaBo^. To 3ArOPA|Tb, -K). -emb, -lox imp. begin working at a plant. PaSoxaTb p. 3aroplexb, -k), -Hrab, -At to sun- Ha 3aB6fl,e. To work at a plant. M^- bathe Tii Ha saBOA To go to the plant. 3aropaxb na nJiajKe. To sun- yHTii c saBOAa, To leave a plant. bathe on a beach. Xopomo aaro- 3AB0J^lITb, saBOHcy, aaeoAHmb, aaBo- pexb. To get well sun-tanned. imp. T AHT H 0? / p. saBecTii, aaBe- 3ArOPAlTbCfl, -K)cb, -erabcfl, -ioxch -emb, -yx, past aaBeji, 3aBeJi|a, Al3% imp. /p. aaroplexbCH, -locb, -rimbcH, -6, -li to wind up -HXCH 3aBecTii HacLi. To wind up a watch 1. to catch fire. 3aropeJiCH fl;oM. clock) ( .^ A house was on fire. -k)K), -loemb, -k)K)t 3AB0lEBATb, p. 2. fig. to burn. 3aropexbCH HteJia- H TO? HHeM. To burn with desire. Ero 1. to conquer. BaBoeBaxb MHorne rjia3a 3aropeJincb pajiocxbio. His cipaHbi, To conquer many coun- eyes began to sparkle with joy. tries. 3ArOPETb see 3ArOPATb 2. fig. to win. BaBoeBaib ôBepne. 3ArOPETbCH see SArOPATbCfl To win confidence. BaBoeBaxb 3AJi;AlBATb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. hto? yBameHHe ii JiioSoBb. To win K o M y? />. 3a;taxb, 3aAaM, 3aAamb, respect and love. / 3a,a^cx, 3aaaAHM, saAa^Hxe, aaâ- 3ABTPA adv. tomorrow jiyT,past 3aAaji, 3a;i;aJia, 3a;];aJi|o, -ii 3aBTpa Syêx xopoman noro^â. To- 1. to give. 3aAaBaxb ypoK. To give morrow the weather will be fine. some material to learn. 3afl;axb ]\o saeTpa! Till tomorrow! O Ha AOM. To give a home-task. 3ABTPAK m. breakfast 2. to ask. Baâxb Bonpoc. To ask ITpiiroToBHTb saBxpaK. To prepare a question. breakfast. 3a saBxpanoM. At breakfast. 3AAAHHE neut. task ÔMamnee 3a;âHHe. A home-task. 3ABTPAKA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. / p. no3aBxpaKa|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox to 3AJIATb see 3AAABATb have breakfast 3AAAqA /. Mm saBxpaKaeM b BoceMb nacoB yx- 1. task. OêpeAHbie sajiAmi. The pa. We have breakfast at eight immediate tasks. Saâna rocy- o'clock in the morning. ;i;apcxBeHHOH BajKHOcxH. A task 3ABTPAmH|Hn, -hh, -ee, -ne tomor- of state importance. row's 2. sum, problem. PemHXb 3aAa^y. BaBxpamHHH 9KCKypcHH. Tomor- To do a sum. To solve a problem. row's excursion. Banana c AByMfi HeH3BecxHbiMH. 3ABfl3ATb see 3ABH3bIBATb A problem with two unknowns. 3AB>l3bIBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. 3AJ^:^MATbCH see 3A3yMbIBATb- H X o?//>. 3aBH3axb, 3aBH}Ky, saBfi- Cfl HK- 3aAyMHHBaH ;êByraKa. A 6y. To start a friendship. girl. Oh 3aAyMHHB0 nocMOxpeJi na Hee. looked at her thoughtfully. 3ArAJ^|KA /., gen. pi. -ok riddle He Baraga xb 3araAKy. To ask a riddle. 3AJ^^MbIBAlTbCH, -locb, -erabCfl, 3ara;i;KH npiipoAM. The riddles of -IOXCH imp. o^CM? na^êM?/ nature. 3xox neJiOBeK ^jih Mena 3a- p. saayMalxbCH, -locb, -embcH, -ioxch ra^Ka. This man is a riddle to me. to think, to ponder 3ArOBOP m. conspiracy, plot 3aAyMaxbCH Ha^ cJiomnbiM Bonpo- OpraHHSOBaxb saroBop. To hatch a COM. To ponder over a complex plot. PacKpuTb saroBop. To discov- problem. 3aAyMaxbCH o cbocm Ap}'- er a pldt. re. To think about one's friend. I

3AE 43 SAM

3AE35KAlTb, -lo, -erab, -iot imp. 3AKJIK)HHTb see 3AKJIH)HATb K KOMy? Kyfld? 3a kgm? aa 3AK0H m. law HeM?//?. aaexaxb, saeAly, -emb, -yx SaKOH npHpoAM. A law of nature. to call (on, at) 3aK6Hbr pasBHXHH 65ra;ecxBa. The Saexaxb k xoBapnmy. To call on laws of development of society. IIpH- one's friend. 3aexaxb na no^xy. To HflXb 3aK6H. To adopt a law. call at the post-office. 3aexaxb b Ma- 3AK0HHHTb see 3AKAHHHBATb raai'iH sa KHHraMH. To call at the 3AK0HHHTbCH see SAKAHHH- shop to get books. BATbCH 3AEXATb see 3AE3HCATb 3AKPHH|ATb, -y, -iirab, -ax p. to SAHCEHb see SAHCHFATb shout 3A»«EMbCa see 3AH{HrATbCH rpoMKO 3aKpHHaxb. To shout loudly. 3AH(HrA|Tb, -lO, -enib,^ -k)X imp. 3AKPbIBAlTb, -K), -erab, -lox imp.

H X 0? / /?. sajKe^b, 3a>Kry, sammeuih, Hxo? J p. 3aKpbixb, 3aKp6|io, -emb, aajKryx, past 3a>Ker, 3a>Krjila, -6, -lOX -u to light 1. to close. 3aKpwBaxb okho. To 3a>Keqb cnMHKy. To light a match. close a window. 3aKpHXb ^Bepb 3a>KeHb cBex. To switch on the light. Ha KJiK)H. To lock the door. 3a- 3AM{HrAiTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not KpiJBaxb xexpa^b, Kunry, aJib66M.

used, 3rd pers. -excH, -ioxch imp. / p. To close the copy-book, the book, sajKe^bCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, the album. 3aKpbixb rJiasa. To 3rd pers. sammejca, 3a>KryxcH, close one's eyes. past 3a>KerCfl, 3a>KrJilacb, -ocb, -ijcb 2. fig. to close. SaKpbixb co6paHHe. to light To close the meeting. CnMHKH He 3a>KHraioxcH. The 3AKPb'ITb see 3AKPbIBATb matches won't light. Ha He5e 3a- 3AKyPflTb, sanypK), 3aKypHrab, 3a- HtrJiHCb 3Be3Abi, Stars appeared in the Kypnx p. ^ X 0? to light sky. 3aKypHXb nannpocy. To light a SAflfll see 3AX0AflTb cigarette. 3AKA3ATb see 3AKA3bIBATb 3AJI m. hall 3AKA3bIBAiTb, -lo, -einb, -lox imp. 3prixejibHbm 3aJi. An auditorium. sports hall. H X 0? / p. 3aKa3axb, 3aKa}Ky, 3aKa- GnopxHBHbiH 3aJi. A >Kemb, 3aKa>Kyx to book, to order AKxoBbiH 3aJi. An assembly hall. Sanasaxb 6HJiexbi b xeaxp. To book HnxaJibHWH 3aJi. A reading hall. tickets for the theatre. 3aKa3biBaxb 3a Ji saceAaHHH. Convention hall. o6e;5. To order dinner. SAMEHHTb see 3AMEHHTb 3AKAHHHBA|Tb, -lo, -erab, -rox imp. 3AMEHH|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. 3aMeHK), Hxo? / /). saKOH^lHXb, -y, -Hmb, -ax H X 0? q e M? / JO. 3aMeraixb, to finish 3aMeHHrab, 3aMeHHX to replace SaKonqnxb pa66xy. To finish work. SaMCHiixb cxapyio Aexajib hoboh. 3AKAHHHBA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. To replace an old part by a new^ one. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -ioxch 3aMeHHXb ypoKH xhmhh ypoKaMii substitute imp. I p. 3aK6HH|HxbCH, 1st & 2nd pyccKoro H3biKa. To pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hxch, -axcH Russian lessons for chemistry lessons. to end 3AMEP3AlTb, -k), -erab, -lox imp. past CoGpanne 3aK6HqHJiocb OHenb n63A- p. 3aMep3H|yxb, -y, -erab, -yx, HO. The meeting ended very late. 3aMep3, 3aMep3Jila, -o, -h to freeze 3AKAT m. sunset H 3aMep3aio ox xoJiOAa. / am freez- HpKHH 3aKax. A bright sunset. 3a- ing from the cold. PeKa 3aMep3Jia. Kax coJiHua. Sunset. The river has frozen. 3AKJIH)HA|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. 3AMEP3HyTb see 3AMEP3ATb & H X o?/p. 3aKJiK)HlHXb, -y, -nrab, -ax MEPSHYTb to conclude 3AMETHTb see 3AMEHATb 3aKJiK)HHXb MHp. To make peace. 3AMEÎAHHE neut. remark 3aKJiK)qHXb ôroBop. To conclude CnpaBeAJiHBoe saMeâHHe. A fust a treaty. remark. CfleJiaxb saMeâHHe KOMy- 3AM 44 3An

-jih6o hjih no noBOAy Her6-JiH6o. 2. to go in for. SauHMaxbCH cndp- To make a remark to somebody or xoM. To go in for sport. on something. 3aHHM4xbCH MyauKOH, jiHxepa- 3AMEHATEJIbHlblH, -an, -oe, tie xypoH. To go in for music, wonderful literature. 3aMeiaTeJibHEJH noax namero spe- 3AHHTHE neut. MeHH. A wonderful poet of our time. 1. occupation. EoJieaHoe aanaxHe. SaMeâxeJibHEiu ropo^;. A wonder- A useful occupation. ful city. 2. only pi. lessons. Bbixb na aaHH- XHflX. To be at the lessons. 3AMEHA|TI>, -lo, -enib, -k)t imp. ko- 3AHflT|blB[, -an, -oe, -ue, short to? H T o?/p. 3aMe|TiiTb, -Hy, -THnib, form saHHx, -TAX aaHHxa, aannxlo, -h 1. taken. 3xo Mecxo aannxo? Is this 1. to notice. Ha yjiHiê h aaMexHJi seat taken? xoBapiima. In the street, I noticed a 2. busy. H cer6;^HH aauHX. / friend. H saMexHJi, hxo oh ycxaji. am busy today. / noticed that he was tired. 2. to remark. «3xo HenpaBAa», — 3AHIlTb see 3AHHMATb aaMexHJi oh. ''That's not true," 3A0HH|blH, -an, -oe, -me; adv. aaoH- he remarked. HO by correspondence BaoHHoe oSyneuHe. Teaching 3AM|0K m., gen. -Ka lock by corr^pondence. BaoHHMii HHCxnxyx, 3anepexb na aaivioK. To lock. A correspondence institute. Vqiixb- 3AM0JI4|ATb, -y, -itmb, -ax p. to CH aaoHHO. To study by become silent correspondence. yneHHK aaMOJiHaJi. The pupil became silent. 3AnA/( m. SAMYHC adv. 1. west. G BocxoKa na aana^. From Bhhxh 3aMy>K. To marry (of women east to west. only). Ona Bwmjia aa Hero aaMyjK. 2. west. Ha aanaê cxpaHbi. In the She married him. west of the country. 3AnAJ^H|blfl, -aa, -oe, -ho 3AMy5KEM adu. west(ern) Bana^HbiH Bexep. A west wind. 3a- BuTh aaMymeM. To be married (of naAHoe nojiymapne. The western women only). Bbi aaMyjKeivi? — Hex, hemisphere. H He 3aMy>KeM. ,,Are you married?" BAHAX m. smell ''No, I am not." Ona SbiJia aa- npmixHbiH aanax. MyweM. She was married. A pleasant smell. Banax i;Bex6B. The smell of flow- 3AHHMA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)x imp. ers. Hxo?//?. aaHHxb, 3aHM|y, -emb, -yx 1. to occupy. Gxaj^HOH sannMaex 3AnHCATb see BAnflCblBATb 100 reKxapoB. The stadium oc- 3AnnC|KA /., gen. pi. -ok cupies 100 hectares. 1, note. Hanncaxb sanncKy. To 2. to take. GnopxcMeH saHHJi nep- write a note. Boe Mecxo. The sportsman took 2. only pi. transactions. yneHwe the first place. aanticKH ynnBepcHxexa. The 3. to take. BaKHMaiixe Mecxa. Take transactions of the University. your seats. 3AnflCbIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. 4. to take. PemeHHe saâ^H sann- Hx 0? / p. aanncaxb, aannmy, aanii- Jio 4 Haca. The solution of the memb, aannmyx problem took 4 hours. 1. to write down. BaniicmBaxb JieK- 5. to occupy. BoHCKa aannjin ropo;^. n;HK). To take down notes of a The troops occupied the town. lecture. 3AHHMA|TbCH, -locb, -embcH, -loxca 2. to record. BanwcHBaxb roJioc na imp. r A e? ^ e m? njiCHKy. To record somebody's 1. to study. BaHHMaxbCfl b 6h6jiho- voice. xeKe. To study at a library. 3AnJIAKATb see nJlAKATb Mndro saHHMaxbCfl. To study a lot. BAHJIATfiTb see njIATflTb 3An 45 3AH

3AnOMHHA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. 3ATEM adv. Koro? qTo? / jD. sanoMHlHTb, -lo, 1. then. GnaHaJia a noujjj b 6h6- -Hmb, -HT to remember JiHOTCKy, a 3aTeM b khho. / SanoMHHTb HOMep flOMa. To remem- shall first go to the library and ber the number of a house. SanoM- then to the cinema. HHxe 3T0 CJIOBO, Remember this word. 2. for (or translated by inf.). Oh SAllOMHHTb see 3AnOMHHATb no3BOHMji 3aTeM, HTOObi ysHaxb, 3AnPETHTb see 3AnPEIU;ATb KaK H ce6a nyBCTByio. He 3AnPEmAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. called up to learn how I felt.

q T 0? K o M y? -|- inf. I p. aanpelxHTb, 3AT0 con J. but -my, -Tiimb, -THT to forbid, to pro- 3to HeBKycHO, aaxo nojie3Ho. It's hibit not tasty, but it's good (for you). BpaH sanpeTHJi eM}^ KypHTb. The 3AXBATHTb see 3AXBATbIBATb doctor forbade him to smoke. 3AXBATblBAlTb, -lo, -emb, -iot

3AnPEmEHHE neut. prohibition imp. H t 0? / /?. saxBaTPiTb, 3axBa- 3APABATbIBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot Hy, saxBariimb, saxBarar to seize imp. H T 0? I p. 3apa66Ta|Tb, -lo, 3axBaTHTb nyjKue 3eMJiH. To seize -emb, -IOT to earn somebody else's land. 3apa6dTaTb mhofo Aener. To earn 3AX03flTb, saxoHty, aaxo^Hmb, sa- a lot of money. xojxaT imp. k KOMy? KyAa? 3 a 3APAB0TATbi see 3APABATblBATb K e M? 3 a H e M? /p. 3aHTiJ, aaiiAly, 3APAB0TATb2 to begin working -emb, -yr, past aameji, 3amji|a, -6, -n Mamnna 3apa6dTa.Tia. The machine 1. to call. SaiiTii b focth k ^py- began working. ry. To call on a friend. Saiixii b

3APnJIATA /. ( = sapaSoTHaa njiara) MaraaHH 3a KHiiraMH. To call at salary, wages a shop to buy books. BucoKafl sapnjiaTa. A high salary 2. to set. CoJiHue 3ax6AHT. The (high wages). HnsKan sapnjiara. A sun is setting. low salary (low wages). IIoJiyHHTb 3AX0TETb see XOTETb sapHjiary. To get one's salary 3AHEM adv. what for, why (wages). 3aHeM BM npnexajiH b Mockbv? 3ACJiy3KHBAITb, -lo, -emb, -k>t What did you come to Moscow for? imp. HTO?//?. aacjiyjKHTb, aacjiy- H He 3Haio, 3aHeM oh npnxoAHJi. / >Ky, sacjiyn^nmb, 3acjiyH«aT don't know why he called. 1. to deserve. BacjiyjKtTTb narpa^y. 3AmflTA /., no pl.^ To deserve a reward. 1. defence. SamiiTa ropoAa, npaB. 2. to win. YHHTejib sacjiyjKHji jiio- The defence of a city, rights. SoBb y^eHHKOB. The teacher won 2. defence. SamnTa AHCcepTaumi. the love of his pupils. The defence of a thesis. 3ACJiy5KllTb see 3ACJiyaCHBATb 3AIIi;HTflTb see 3AIH.HmATb 3ACME|flTbCH, -locb, -embcn, -iotch 3AmHin;AITb, -K>, -emb, -iot imp. p. to begin to laugh Kor6?HTo?OT Koro? ot He-

rpoMKO 3acMeHTbCH. To begin to ro? / p. 3am;HlTHTb, -my, -Tiimb, laugh loudly. -THT 3ACH^Tb see 3ACbmATb 1. to defend. 3amHmaTb ropoA ot 3ACTABHTb see 3ACTABJI}lTb Bpara. To defend the city from 3ACTABJI>!|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)t imp. the enemy. Samnmarb CBOii npa-

K r 6? q t o? -f- inf. / p. sacTalBMTb, Ba. To defend one's rights. 3a- -BjiK), -BHmb, -BHT to make mnmaTb CBOK) TOHKy spenHa. 3acTaBHTb paSoxaTb. To make (some- To defend one's point of view. body) work. 2. to defend. 3amHmaTb AHCcepTa- 3ACbinAITb, -K), -emb, -iot imp./ HHK). To defend one's thesis. p. 3acH|yTb, -y, -emb, -yT 3AHBflTb see 3AHBJI}lTb Oh sacbinaeT 6MCTpo. He falls asleep 3AaBJIEHHE neut. quickly. KoFAa th BHepa sacnyji? 1. declaration. 3aaBJieHHe npaBii- When did you fall asleep yesterday? TBJIbCTBa nOJIOJKCHHH B CTpaHC. f

3Afl 46 3EJI

A government declaration on the 3BOH|0K m., gen. -Ka situation in the country. 1. bell. H najKaJi na KHOUKy bboh- 2. application. HaniicaTt saHBJie- Ka. / pressed the button of the HHe Ha iiMH AHpeKTopa. To write bell. an application to the director. 2. bell. Pa3;tajicfl xpexnii bbohok. 3AHBJlH|Tb, -K), -enih, -iot imp. The third bell rang.

H T 0? K o M y? o H e M? / p. 3a- 3ByK m, flBiiTb, 3aHB-iK), aaHBHrab, aaflBHT 1. sound. CxpaHHUH BsyK. A strange to announce sound. 3ByK rdjioca. The sound IIpaBiiTejibCTBo BaHBiijio o6 ycxa- of a voice. HOBJieHHH ^HnJlOMaTPWeCKHX OTHO- 2. sound. CorjiacHMH (r.iacHbiH) meHHH c 3T0H CTpanoH. The goi^ern- BByK. A consonant (vowel) sound. ment announced the establishment of 3;^AHHE neut. building diplomatic relations with this Bojibmoe aAanne. A large building. country. Cxapoe BAanne. An old building. xeaxpa. The theatre building. 3BATb, bobI}', -enib, -yx, past bbrji, 3AaHHe

-a, -0, -H imp. I p. noBBaxL, noao- 3ÊCb adv. B|y, -emb, -yx, past nosBaJi, no- 1. rê? here. Mm dyêM >khxi> 3Bajia, noBBajiIo, -h 3/i,ecb. We shall live here. 3fl,ecb 1. Koro? H X 0? to call. Maxb Bce CBOii. There are no strang- noBBajia peSenKa oGeâxb. The ers here. mother called the child to dinner. 2. fig. 3Aecb Hex Hnnero njioxoro. HoBOBiixe cecxpy k tquqôuw. There is nothing bad in this. Call your sister to the telephone. 3ÔP0BAlTbCH, -locb, -embcn, -ioxch 2. no p. to be called. Kan Bac bo- imp. c KGM? /p. noBAopoBalxbCfl, Byx? — MeHJi BOByx Bopric (Bo- -locb, -embCfl, -loxcH to greet piicoM). ''What is your name?" Oh He noBAopoBa.iCH c HaMii. He "My name is Boris." didn't greet us.

3BE'SJ\\ /., pi. BBeaAbi 3JliOPOB|bTH, -an, -oe, -bie, short 1. star. HpKaR aBe3;;a. A bright form BAopoB, -a, -0, -u. star. Ha He6e oAHa BBCBAa. 1. healthy. 3Aop6BLm peoenoK. A There is one star in the sky. healthy child. Oh coBceM BAopoB. 3a>Krjiiicb BBeB^bi. Stars began He is quite healthy. to show. 2. only complete form healthy. 2. fig. star. BseBAa BKpana (khho- SAopoBbiH bha. a healthy look. BBeBAa). A film star. 3Aop6BbiH oxAHX. Healthy rest. 3BEH|ETb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, <> ByAb(Te) 3Aop6B(fai)! Good-bye 3rd pers. -vix, -flx imp. to ring 3Ji;0P0BbE n. health Bbghiix bbohok. The bell is ring- Xoponiee BAopoBbe. Good health. ing, rdjioc ee BBeneJi KaK kojio- KpenKoe BAopoBbe. Strong health. KOJibHHK. Her voice rang like a y Hero cjia6oe BAopoBbe. His bell. health is weak. KaK Bame BAopoBbe? 3BEP|b m., gen. pi. -eii beast How are you? Bepe^b BAopoBbe. Xhiahmh BBcpb. A beast of prey. To take care of one's health. JJûKne BBepii. Wild beasts. <> 3a same aAoposbe! To your health! To your pleas- 3B0H|flTb, -K), -Hiub, -ax imp. k o- Ha SAopOBbe! ure! My? / /?. nOBBOHJllXb, -K), -HUIb, -HX 1. no p. to ring. 3bohhx xejieÔH. 3;i;PABCTByfl(TE) [BApacxByiiTe] The telephone is ringing. How do you do. Good morning. 2. K M y? to ring up. fl hobbo- Good afternoon. Good evening. HHn BMy no xejieôny. / rang Hello! him up. 3EJlEH|blfl[, -an, -oe, -He 3B0HK|nn, -an, -oe, -ne ringing 1. green. 3eJieHafl xpasa. Green 3b6hkhh roJioc, A ringing voice. grass. 3eJieHUH i;Bex. Green col- BBOHKafl necHH. A ringing song. .

3EM 47 3HA

2. green. SeJienwe 6boiu;h. Green 3HAK0M|blfl, -an, -oe, -we, short vegetables. 3eJieHHe hSjiokh. form BHaKOM, -a, -0, -m Green apples. 1. familiar. 3HaK6MaH KHPira. A 3EMJIH /., ace. 3eMJiK); pi. seuJiu, familiar book, fl BHanoM c hhm. seMeJib, seMJiHM, etc. He is an acquaintance of mine. 1. no pi. Earth. GeMJia BpamaexcH 2. used as n. acquaintance. Oh moh BOKpyr CBOeH och. The Earth BHaKOMLiH. He is an acquaintance revolves on its axis. of mine. Ona moh BHanoMan. 2. land. IIJiOAopojiHaH seMJiH. Fer- She is an acquaintance of mine. tile land. SeMJiH — c66cTBeH- Oahh moh BHaKOMHH CKasaji HOCTb Hapoâ. The land belongs MHe, HTO... An acquaintance of to the people. mine told me that... 3. ground. VnacTt na seMJiio. To 3HAMEHHT|bm, -an, -oe, -He, short fall to the ground. form BHaMeHHT, -a, -o, -li famous, 4. land. «3eMJifll» — sanpHqaji Mar- celebrated poc. ''Land!" the sailor shouted. 3HaMeHiiTHH KOMnosHTop. A fa- 3EPKAJI0 neut., pi. aepnajia, aepKaji, mous composer. SHaMeHMTBiii xy- sepnajiaM, etc. looking-glass goJKHHK. A celebrated artist. CMOTpeTB(cH) B sepKaJio. To look 3HAMH neut., gen., dat., prepos. BHa- (at oneself) in a looking-glass. MeHH, ace. BHaMH, instr. 3HaMeHeM; 3EPH0 neut., pi. aepna, sepen, sep- pi. BHaMena, BHaMCH banner HaM, etc. grain SnaMH CBoGoAbi. The banner of IlnieHMHHoe aepno. A grain of freedom. wheat 3HAHHE neut. knowledge 3HMA /., ace. 3imy, pLsuMU. winter 3HaHHe — ciiJia. Knowledge is pow- CypoBan, xojioAHaH 3HMa. A hard, er. FjiySoKHe SHauHH. Profound cold winter. BcK) ariMy ctohjih mo- knowledge. Hpo^Hbie BHaHHH. Solid posH. The frosts lasted the whole knowledge. OBJiaêBaxb SHannHMH. winter. To gain knowledge. 3flMH|Hfl[, -HH, -ee, -ne winter 3HA|Tb, -10, -emb, -iot imp. k r 6? Shmhhh ASHb, A winter day. 3nM- H T O? K 6 M? H e M? Hee najibTO. A winter coat. 3hm- 1. to know. H BHaio btofo nejioBe- HHH cnopT. Winter sports. Ka. / know that man. Xopomo 3HM0H adv. in winter BHaxb cTpany. To have a good 3hm6h b MocKBe xoJioflHo. It is knowledge of a country. very cold in Moscow in winter. 2. to know. 3HaTb pyccKnii hbwk. 3Jl\0V[, -as, -6e, -tie, short form 30JI, To know Russian. BJia, 3JI0, 3JIW 3. to know. 3HaTb 06 OT-BeBAC To 1. wicked, malicious, vicious. know about one's departure. H 3jioh HeJiOBeK. A wicked man. BHaio, HTO OH 66jieH. / know that 3Ji6e JiHii;6. A wicked face. he is ill. H BHaio, rê oh >kh- 2. hard. 3jioh Mopoa. A hard frost. BCT. / know where he lives. H 3. angry. KaK h 30J1I How angry 1 BHaio, Kyâ oh nomeji. / know ami where he went. H ne BHaio, Kor- 3MEII /., pi. 3MeH, 3MeH snake jxk OH BepneTCH, / don't know HflOBHTaH 3MeH. A venomous snake. when he will come back, fl ne 3HAK0|MHTbCfl, -MJiiocb, -MHuibCH, BHaio, HOieMy ero Hex. / don't -MHTCfl imp. c KeM?c HeM?/ know why he is not here. p. n03HaK6|MHTbCH, -MJIIOCb, -MHIDb- 3HAHfiHHE neut. CH, -MATCH 1. meaning. 3to cjiobo HMeex mho- 1. to make acquaintance. 3HaK6- ro 3HaHeHHH. This word has MHTbCH C HOBMMH JIIOAbMH. To many meanings. meet new people. 2. importance. Cnopx HMeex or- 2. to get to know. 3HaK6MHTLCH c poMHoe SHaneHHe flJIH BAOpoBbH. r6po;;oM. To get to know a Sport is of great importance for city. health. 3HA 48 HAT

3HAHlHTb, 1st & 2nd pers. rarely JiHHCKH. We speak Russian and used, 3rd pers. -ht, -ax imp. h t o? English. EomeJi ji,omjxh, h mh ne to mean noexajiH 3a ropo^. It began to rain Hto 3HaqHT 9T0 CJIOBO? What does and we didn't go to the country. this word mean? 3x0 HHêro He HPOJIIKA /., gen. pi. -ok needle 3HaHHT. It means nothing. JX&u MHe nrojiKy c htixkoh. Give me 3HAH|0K m., gen. -Ka badge a needle and some thread. FpaMMO- yHHBepcHTeTCKHH 3HaH0K. A uni- ÔHHaa nroJiKa. A gramophone versity badge. SnaôK Typiicxa needle. HroJiKH na ejiKe. Fir needles, CCCP. The badge of tourist of the HFPA /., pi. nrpbi game; playing USSR. 06MeHHBaxbCH BHaHKawH. 1. HnxepecHan nrpa. An interest- To exchange badges. ing game. HacxojibHafl nrpa. A 30JI0T0 neut., no pi. gold table game. Hhcxob sojioxo. Pure gold. J[o6u- 2. Mrpa na CKpHnKe. Playing the Baxb SOJIOXO. To mine gold. 3anjia- violin. xiixb aoJioxoM. To pay in gold. 3. Hrpa b $yx66ji. Playing foot- <0> He Bce to sojioxo, hto Sjibc- ball. THT (proverb). All that glitters nrpAlTB, -10, -emb, -kdx imp./ p. cut- isn't 0old. pajxb, -K), -emb, -lox 30JI0T|0fl, -an, -6e, -ue gold 1. to play. êxH nrpaiox b napKO. 1. gold. BoJioxaH MOHexa, A gold Tlê children are playing in the coin. SoJioxbie nacu. A gold park. R nrpaio c 6paxoM. I play watch. with my brother. 2. fig.: 3oJiox6fi êJioBeK. A won- 2. b H X 6? to play. Hrpaxb b derful man. 6acKex66ji, b (|)yx66Ji, b BOJien- O Sojioxafl cepBAHna. The golden 66 Jr, B maxMaxH. To play bas- mean. ket-ball, football, volley-ball, 30HTHK m. umbrella chess. PacKpiixb BOHXHK. To open an um- 3. Ha HeM? to play. Hrpaxb na brella. OHaHHHO, Ha CKpiIHKe, Ha TH- 3PEHHE neut. eyesight xape. To play the piano, the Xoporaee apeHne. Good eyesight. violin, the guitar. <>• To^Ka speHHfl. A point of view. 4. H X 0? to play. Hrpaxb Bajibc. C TOîKii apennfl Kor6-JiH5o. From To play a waltz, k o r 6? Hr- somebody's point of view. paxb Bopiica FoAyHOBa. To play 3PflTEJIb m. spectator Boris Godunov. TeaxpaJibHWH spiixejib. A theatre- <> 3to iirpaex Gojibinyio pojib.

goer. B aaJie mhofo apHxejieii. It's of great importance . 3x0 lie There are many spectators in the hall. nrpaex pojiii. It's of no importance. 3PH adv. for nothing HFPyjUlKA f.,gen. pi. -en toy 3pH xpaxHXb BpeMH. To waste time. J],excKHe nrpymKH. Children's toys. 3pH roBopiiXb. To speak to no HAEH /. purpose. 3pH ne CecnoKOHxecbl 1. idea. EepeAOBwe hack namero Don't worry unnecessarily/ BpeMeHH. Advanced ideas of our 3yB m., pi. 3j'6bi, 3y66B tooth time. y Meiia SoJiHx 3y6Li. Fve got a 2. idea. Hach npoH3BeAeHHH. The toothache. idea of a literary work. <> FoBopHTb (cKaaaTb) ckbosb HJîTfl, -y, -emb, -yx, past meji, mji|a, aySbi. To speak through clenched -0, -H imp. teeth. 1. Kyâ? oxKyâ? to go. H^xh B pecxopaH. To go to a restau- n, H rant. Haxh Ha HOHxy. To go to the post-office. Hath h3 xeaxpa H conf. and AOMOH. To go home from the Maxb H oxen,. Mother and Father. theatre. Hath k 6paxy. To go Mu roBopiiM no-pyccKH h no-anr- to one's brother. Haxh Sticxpo. H3 49 H3M

To go quickly. \\ji,TU neniKoM. H3BHHIl|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. ko- To walk. to? / />. H3BHH|lixb, -K), -limb, -HX 2. to go. Hath ryjiHTB. To go for to excuse a walk, fl HAY b khho. / am H3BHHMxe MeHH, HOJKajiyficxa. Ex- going to the cinema. cuse me, please. 3. to go. IIoeaA H^ex GwcTpo. H3BHH}JlTbCH, -locb, -embcn, -loxca

The train is going fast. imp. I p. H3BHH|HXbCH, -lOCb, -Hmb- 4. to go. ôpora hagt jigcom. The CH, -axcfl to apologise road goes through a forest. Oh H3BHHHjicfl nepeAO mhoh aa 5.: âcLi H^yT xopomo. The watch AOJiroe MOJinaHHe. He apologised (clock) keeps good time. to me for his long silence. 6.: HêT aojkab. It is raining. VLjôt H3J1|AJIEKA adv. from far away CHer. It is snowing. Hjjjqt rpa^. npnexaxb nsAajieKa. To come from It is hailing. far away. 7.:KaK H^yT jêjia? How are things? H3-3A prep, -j- gen. >KH3Hb HABT. Life goes on. Bpe- 1. from behind. H3-3a .neca rioKa- Mfl HAGT. Time is passing. Pa- aajiacb Jiyna. The môn came 66Ta HêT. Work is in progress. out from behind the forest. 8. to be on. CeroAHfl b Teaxpe 2. from. Bcxaxb H3-3a cxojia. To h^St HOBaff nbeca. There is a get up from the table. new play on at the theatre, today. 3- because of. H3-3a ao?ka» mli ne 9. to become. 3to njiaxbe BaM noexaJiH na nporyjiKy. Because of HAex. This dress becomes you. the rain we didn't go for a drive. IO.iIIaxh k n;eJiH. To try to achieve H3MEHEHHE neut. change one's goal. H3MeHeHHH B >KH3HH. Changes in <> Hath Ha bcc. To go to any life. HaMGHeHHe b pacnncaHnH. A length. He hact h3 yMa («it6-:ih6o). change in the time-table. B cxpaiie Not to be able to get (something) npoH3omjiH Sojibmiie ii3MeHeHiiH. out of one's head. rojiOBa iiagt Great changes have taken place in KpvroM. My head is in a whirl. the country. H3 (H30) prep. -^ gen. H3MEHflTb see H3MEHHTb 1. out of. BbmxH H3 KOMHaxH. To go H3MEHIiTbCfl see H3MEHHTbCH & (come) out of the room. Bbiexaxb MEHHTbCH

H3 ropoAa. To drive out of the H3MEH>l|Tb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. / town. p. H3MeHHXb, H3MeHl6, II3MeHHmb, 2. from. lOnoma na A$phkh. A iiaMeHHX youth from Africa. 1. H T 0? to alter. HaMeHwxb njian. 3. of. HeKOXopwe hb Hac. Some of To alter a plan. us. Oahh H3 cxyAGHXOB. One of 2. K o M y? H e M y? to betray, to be the students. unfaithful. HaivieHMTb cxpane. 4. (made) of. Kocxiom h3 mepcxn. A To betray one's country. HaMennxb woollen costume. TKene. To be unfaithful to one's H3BECTHE neut. wife. 1. news. IIpnHXHoe n3BecxHe. H3MEHHlTbCH, -locb, -embca, -lox- Pleasant news. CH imp./p. HaMennxbCfl, H3MeHi6cb, 2. news. IIocjieAHHe HSBecxna. The H3MeHHmbCH, HaMeHHXCH to change latest news. HaMeuHJiCfl bha ropoAa. The appearance of the city has changed. H3B£CTH|blH, -an, -oe, -bie, short Bbi oneHb H3MeHiiJiHCb. You've form H3BecxeH, H3BecxH|a, -o, -bi; changed a lot. (cf. MEHHXbCH) adv. H3BecxH0 well-known H3MEPHTb see H3MEPHTb H3BecxHBiH yneHWH. A well-known H3MEPHlTb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. scientist. 3x0 Bceivi nsBecxno. Every- H X 0? H3Mep|HXb, -K), -Hmb, -HT body knows that. /p. to measure see H3BHHflTB H3BHHIlTb HaMepnxb JiJiauy KoMHaxH. To H3BHHHTbCH see H3BHHHTbCH measure the length of a room. 4—4002 H30 50 HHT

HsMepHTb TeMnepaxj^py. To take Vladimir. KaK Barae iimh? WhaVs one's temperature. your name? H30BPA5KAlTb, -w, -emb, -k)t imp. <> BMCTynaxb ot hmchh kopo-jih- HTO?//?. H306pa|3HTb, -Hty, -3Hmb, 5o. To speak on somebody's behalf. -3HT to represent Bii6jinoTeKa HMeHH JlenHna. The ^t6 bh H3c6pa3'/uiH Ha axoH Kap- Lenin library. THHe? What did you represent in HHAHE that picture? 1. adv. in a different way. 3xoHa- AO cji;ejiaxb HHane. This should H30BPA3flTI> see H30BPAHCATb be done in a different way. H30BPECTfl see HSOBPETATb 2. conj. (or) else. Hau 6bicxpee, H30BPETAITb, -ro, -erab, -k)t imp. HHaqe xh ono3Aaemb. Go faster, ^ T 0? /p. H3o6pecTH, H3o6peT|y, or else you'll be late. -enib, -yT, past H3o6peJi, H3o6peji|a, HHJKEHEP m. engineer -6, -H to invent FopHWH HHJKeHep. A mining engi- HsoSpecTii HOByio Mamimy. To in- neer. MoH oxeu — HHJKeHep. My vent a new machine. father is an engineer. Pa66xaxb hh- H3-nOA prep. -\- gen. HtenejOM. To work as an engineer. 1. from under. KoniKa BumJia h3- IIHO^J^A adv. sometimes nojs, CTOJia. The cat came from HnorAa oh npnxoAHJi aomoh n63A- table. under the HO. Sometimes he came home late. 2. from a place near some other HHOCTPAH|EI^ m., ^e/z. -ua foreigner place, npnexaxb H3-noA JlenaH- B rocxHHHue HtHBex MHoro nno- rpaaa. To come from near Lenin- cxpaHn;eB. Many foreigners live in grad. the hotel. H3yHA|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp.^jo? HHOCTPAHHlblK, -an, -oe, -Lie

K o r 6? / p. H3yqiixb, H3y»iy, nay- foreign HHrab, H33îax to study HHOcxpaHHLie H3Ukh. Foreign lan- Hsyqaxb pyccKHii H3wk. To study guages. MHHHcxepcxBo HHOcxpan- Russian. Ilsyâxb npo6JieMy. To HMX AGJi. The Ministry of Foreign study a problem. Affairs. H3yHnTb see H3yqATb HHCTHTS^T m. institute flJIH con J. or GxpOHxeJibHWH HHCXHxyx. A build- BamixHH naqnyxcH saBxpa ijjih ing institute. YHHXbCH b HHCXHxy- nocjie3aBTpa. The lessons start to- xe. To study at an institute. Tlo- morrow or the day after. Oh ôMa cxyHHXb B HHCXHxyx. To enter an iiJiH Hex? Is he at home or not? J\r institute. HayHHO-HCCJieAOBaxeJib- iiJiH Hex? Yes or no? CKHH HHCXHxyx. A research insti- flMEHHO particle precisely, just tute. MMeHHO Bbi MHe Hy>KHM. You are HHCTPyMEHT m. instrument just the one I need. XHpyprHiecKHe HHCxpj'Menxbi. Sur- Box HMeHHO. Exactly. ^ gical Instruments. My3biKaJibHbiH HMElTb, -K>, -erab, -lox imp. Koro? HHCxpyMeHX. A musical instrument. H X o? to have HMexb MHoro BpeMenn ^jih aaHH- HHTEJIJIHr£HU[Ha /., no pi. in- XHH. To have a lot of time for telligentsia one's studies. HMexb B03M6JKHOcxb MnxeJiJiHreHitHfl cxpaHbi. The coun- nocexHXb BMCxaBKy, To be able to try's intelligentsia. visit the exhibition. HMexb 3Haê- HHTEPfX m. HHe. To be of importance. 1. interest. BoJibmoH HHxepec, A HMnEPHAJIIlCTHqECKlHfl, -an, -oe, great interest. GJiyraaxb c hh- -He imperialist xepecoM. To listen with interest. flMfl neut., gen., dat., prepos. hmchh, 2. usu. pi. interests. KjiaccoBue ace. HMH, instr. HMeHGM; pi. HMe- HHxepecH. Class interests. 3a- Ha, hmbh, HMenaM, etc. name mnnjaxb cbou HHxepecH. To Moe HMH — BjiaAHMHp, My name is defend one's own interests. HHT 51 Hcn

HHTEPECHlblfl, -aa, -oe, -ue, short form HCKpenen, HCKpeHH|a, -o, -h; form HHTepeceH, HHTepecHja, -o, adv. HCKpenne sincere, frank -h; adv. HHTepecHo HcKpeHHHH HeJiOBCK. A sincere per- 1. interesting. HHTepecHtiH ^hjibm. son. HcKpeHHHH oTBer. A frank An interesting film. HHiepeCHafl answer. CKaJKHTe HCKpenne. Tell KHHra. An interesting hook. Mh me frankly. HHTepecHo npoBejiPi BpeMH. HCKyCCTBEHHlbin, -aa. -oe, -Lie We've had an interesting time. artificial 3to oqenb HHxepecHO. IV s very HcKyccTBeHHoe bojiokho. Artifi- interesting. cial fibre. HcKyccTBeHHUH raeJiK. 2. adv., predic. impers. often trans- Artificial silk. lated by to wonder. MuTepecHo, HCKKCTBO neut. npHe^eT jih oh? / wonder wheth- 1. art. HaoSpaaiiTeJibHbie hckvc- er he will come. CTsa. Imitative arts. HcKyccTBO HHTEPECjOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yioT HapoAHwx MacTepoB. The art of imp. K o r 6? ^ t o? to interest folk masters. Ero HHTepecyeT HtHBonncL. He is 2. art. HcKyccTBo nrpw na rHTape. interested in painting. Mena HHTe- The art of playing the guitar. pecyeT TexHHKa. / am interested in HcKyccTBo mHTba. The art of technology. sewing. HHTEPEClOBATBCH, -yiocb, -yemb- HCnOJIHHTb see HCHOJIHilTb ca, -yioTca imp. KeM? qeM? to HCnOJIHUlTb, -K), -enib, -k)t imp.

be interested H T O ? / /?. HCnOJIHlHTb, -K), -HHIb, -HT HHTepecoBaTbca JiHTepaTypoH h hc- 1. to perform, to play. HcnoJinaTb KyccTBOM. To be interested in litera- MyaHKaJibHyio nbecy. To play a ture and art. musical piece. HcnoJiHaTb poJib.

HCKATb, nmy, nn^enib, iimyT imp. / To play a part. p. HanlTH, -Ay, -Aenib, -^yT 2. to fulfil. Bh He MOFJiH 6li hc- 1. Koro? ^To? to look for. Hc- HOJIHHTb MOIO Up6cb6y? Could KETb cBoero Apyra. To be look- you comply with my request? ing for one's friend. HcKaTb HCnOJIb3|OBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT HJiaTOK. To look for one's hand- imp. & /?. K r 6? ^ t o? to make kerchief. Kto HmeT, TOT Bcerfl;a use of HaH;i;eT, Seek and you shall HcHOJibsoBaTb cneuHaJiHCTOB. To

find. make use of specialists . McnoJibao- 2. fig. ^ T 0? or Hero? to look BaTb BpeMH. To make use of one's for, to seek. HcKaTb paSoxy. To time. look for a Job. HcKaxb npaBAH. HCnPABHTb see HCDPABJIilTb To seek the truth. McKaTb HCnPABJlHlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp.

CHacTba. To seek happiness. nTO? / p. HCnpa|BHTb, -BJIK), -BHHIb, HCKJIfOHAlTb, -K), -enib, -iot imp. -BHT to correct KOrc? HTO?//?. HCKJIK)q|HTb, -y, HcnpaBHTb omH6Ky. To correct a -Hmb, -aT to expel mistake. HCKJIIOHUTb CTy^eHTa H3 HHCTHTy- HCnyrAlTbCH, -rocb, -embca, -iotch Ta. To expel a student from the in- jo. K r 6? H e r 6? to be frightened stitute. MajibHHK HcnyraJica. The boy got HCKJIIOHEHHE neut. exception frightened. Oh HCnyraJica, hto He 3to HCKJiiOHeHHe H3 npaBHJia. This XBaTHT BpeMCHH. He was afraid is an exception to the rule. HeT that he would not have enough time. npaBHJi 6e3 HCKJno^eHHa. There are Oh HcnyraJica rpoMa. He was no rules without exceptions. afraid of the thunder. <> 3a HCKJiioqeHHeM Mena, Bce HCnblTAHIlE neut. testing 6biJiH HE CTaAHone. Everybody was HcnHTaane MamHHH. l^he testing at the stadium, except me. of a machine. HcnwraHHa aTOMHO- HCKJIIOHfiTb see HCKJIIOHATb ro opyjKHa. The testing of an atom- KCKPEHHlHB, -mi, -ee, -ne, short ic weapon. . .

HCT m KAK

HCT0Pfl4ECK|Hfl, -aH, -oe, -He came to see his friend. HpHeawaH 1. history. llcTopuqecKHH âKyjib- K HaMi Come and see us! Tex. The history department. 3. by. Hajio npniixH k ceMii HacaM 2. historical. HcTopHHecKiie naMHx- Benepa. You must come by sev- HHKH. Historical monuments. en o'clock in the evening. 3. historic. HcTopriêcKafl aaxa. An 4. to. BnepeA, k no6eAe! Forward, historic date. to victory! KABHHET m. HCTOPHH /. 1. study. KaGnnex. 1. no pi. history. HcxopiiH pasBH- PaGo^HH A BaexCH no cbohm saKonaM. History study. develops according to its own laws. 2.:Ka6HHex Bpana. A doctor's con- HcxopiiH j^peBHero Mwpa. The sulting-room, a surgery. no sing, cadres history of antiquity. McxopHH KAj^Pbl H3HKa. The history of a lan- TexHitqecKHC KaApw. Technical guage. cadres. -an, -oe, 2. story. Oh yMeex paccKaausaxb KAH«mblfl, -we HHxepecHwe ncxopHn. He can 1. every. KajK^biii jieuh. Everyday. tell interesting stories. Kamjxyio ueAeJiio mh xo^hm b HCTPATHTb see TPATHTb xeaxp. We go to the theatre every week. J]|oBOAHXb KajKôe ;i,ejio Ao HdE3A|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ KOHU,a. To see every fob through. p. HCêsHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx, past 2. J0ed as n. everyone. 3xo KaJK- HCHea, -Jia, -jio, -jih jiuik 3Haex. Everyone knows that. 1. to disappear. GaMOJiex ncMes b KAHCETCH paren. word it seems oSJianax. The plane disappeared Oh, Ka>KexcH, npaB. He seems to in the clouds. be right. KawexcH, oh 6hji aobo- 2. to cease. BoJib ncêajia. The Jien. He seemed to be pleased. pain has gone. KASyVTbCH, Ka>Kycb, KaJKenibCH, Ka- HCH£3H|yTb see HCHESATb myTCH. imp. / p. noKaaaxbcn, noKa- HTAK conj. so >Kycb, noKawenibCH, noKajKyxcfl npimaxo. So the HxaK, pemenne 1 K e M? u e M? K a K H M? to seem decision has been taken. TopoA MHe noKaaaJiCH oêub HX poss. prnn. their, theirs KpacPiBHM. The town seemed very npaBHJib- Hx npcAJiojKeHHe 6lijio beautiful to me. was right. dra hmm. Their proposal 2. impers. to seem. Mne KawexcH, This room is theirs. KOMHaxa HX. fl ycneio BLinojiHHXb pa66xy. It IIlDJIb m., no pi. July seems to me that I shall manage KaHiiKyjiH. B Hiojie y cxy/i,eHX0B to do the work. Mne noKaaaJiocb, The students have their holidays in Hxo OH ycxaJi. He looked very July. Cer6;;Hfl 25 hiojih. Today is tired to me. the July. npne;Aex 28-ro 25th of On KA3H|flTb, -10, -Hmb, -nx imp. & p. HioJifl. He will come on July 28. K o r 6? to execute IIlDHb m., no pi. June KasHHXb npecxynHHKa. To execute B HEone cxy;i,eHXbi CAawxaKaaMenbi. a criminal. Students take their exams in June. KAK 1. adv. how. KaK WHBexe? How are you getting on? KaK H^yx K, K ACJia? How are things going? R 3Haio, KaK npoexaxb b uenxp. / K (KO) prep.+dat. know how to get to the centre. 1. to, up to. EoAOHXif K AOMy. To KaK BH CKaaaJiH? What did you approach the house. On no;];omeJi say?

K xoBapnnzy. He went up to his 2. conf . like. Ee rJiaaa 6lijih KaK friend. HAHxe k aocKe. Come Mope. Her eyes were like the (go) to the blackboard. sea. 2. to. Oh npnexaJi k flpyry. He ^ KaK 3T0 HH cxpaHHO... However KAK 53 KAP

strange it may seem... 51 qyBCT- KAHflKYJIbl no sing, holidays Bvio ce5fl 3Aecb, KaK ÔMa. / 3HMHHe KaHHKyjiw. Winter holidays. feel at home here. JlexHHe KaHHKyJiM. Summer hol- KAK-HHBSÂL adv. somehow idays. Bo BpeMH KaHHKyji. Dur- Haflo KaK-HH6yflB noMOHb eMy. We ing the holidays. B KaHHKyJiH oh must help him somehow. ox^bixaex. He has a rest during his KAK|Ofl, -an, -6e, -ne holidays. 1. what, KanaH cer6ji;HH noroâ? KAnHTAJlfl3M m. capitalism What is the weather like today? KAnHTAJIHCTflHECKIHfl, -an, -oe, KaKyio MysHKy bh JiroSHxe? -He capitalist What sort of music do you like? KanHxaJiHcxHHecKHii cxpoii. The KaKoe ceroAHH hhcjio? What is capitalist system. the date today? KaKoii ceroAHfl KAHHTAH m. captain fl;eHb HeaeJiH? What day of the KannxaH AaJibHero njiaBaHHH. A week is today? KaK we UBexbi bli sea-going captain. Kannxan $yx- xoTHTe KynHTb? What flowers do 66JibHOH KOMaHflbi. The captain of you want to buy? a football team. 2. what (a). KaKofixopomnH êHbl KAII|JIH /., gen. pi. -ejib What a fine day! KaKan Kpaco- 1. drop. Kanjifl jkiiakocxh. A drop xa! What beauty! of a liquid. KanJiH ji

Bac cnparaHBaex KaKoft-xo Mywqii- KAnyCTA /., no pi. cabbage Ha. A man is asking for you. KnJiorpaMM Kanycxw. A kilogramme KAK-TO adv. somehow, somewhat of cabbage. To, Hxo XH cKaaaji, naK-xo hchcho. <> KHCJiafl Kanycxa. Sauerkraut. What you said is somehow not li[BeTHafl Kanycxa. Cauliflower. clear. KAPAHAAin m., gen.-§i pencil KAJIEH/ÂP|B m,, gen. -A calendar IJ,BexHbie KapaHflamH. Coloured pen- HacxoJibHHH KaJieHAapb. A desk cils. PncoBaxbKapaHAamoM. To draw calendar. OxpHBHoii KajieHAapb. A with a pencil. calendar. tear-off KAPMAH m. pocket KAMEHHlblfl, -an, -oe, -He stone Bbmyxb nJiaxoK H3 KapMana. To 1. KaMeHHMH AOM. A stone house. take one's handkerchief out of 2. KaMeHHoe cepîê. A heart fig. one's pocket. noJioHiHXb êHbrn b stone. of KapMaH. To put money in one's <0> KaMCHHWH yrojib. Coal. pocket. KAMIEHB m., gen. -hh stone <> Oh aa cjiobom b KapMan ne no- BojibmoH KaMeHb. A large stone. jieacT. He has a ready tongue. BpocHXb KaMeHb, To throw a stone. flparoiieHHbie KaMHH. Precious KAPTA /. stones. 1. map. IIoJiHxiiêcKaH Kapxa mh- the world. <> HaniJia Koca na KaMeHb (prov- pa. A political map of To play erb). Cf, Diamond cut diamond. 2. card. Hrpaxb b KapxH. KAHAJI m. canal cards. OpocHTeJibHMH Kanaji. An irrigation KAPTflHA /. canal. Exaxb no KanaJiy. To sail 1. picture. npeKpacHan KapxHHa. along a canal. A beautiful picture. XyAOJKHHK KAH^^HAAT m. nnmex Kapxiiny. The artist is 1. candidate. KaHAHaax b ênyxaxH painting a picture. BepxoBHoro CoBexa. A candidate 2. fig. scene. KapxHna npHpoAW. to the Supreme Soviet. A scene of nature. 2. candidate. Kan^HAax nayK. Mas- KAPTOOEJIB m., no pi. {colloq. Kap- ter of science. xomKa) potatoes KAC 54 KJIA

KACA|TbCH, -locb, -emBCH, -iotch kilogrammes of sugar. KaJiorpaMM imp. Koro? Her6?//>. KOCHlyxb- Mflca. A kilogramme of meat. CH, -ycb, -embCH, -yTca KHJIOMETP m. kilometre 1. to touch. KocHyTbcH seMJiH py- CKOJIbKO KHJIOMexpOB flO TOpOfla? KOH. To touch the ground with How many kilometres is it to the the hand. town? 2. fig. to touch upon, to concern. KHHO neut., indecl. /l,0KJiaA^HK KocnyjicH Bonpoca o 1. cinema. Ycnexn khho. The suc- noJiOJKGHHH B CTpBHe. The speak- cess of the cinema. er touched upon the situation in 2. colloq. film. GMOxpexb khho. the country. 3to mghh ne Kaca- To see a film. Tw CMoxpeJi excH. That doesnt concern me. 3X0 KHHO? Have you seen this KACCA /. cash-desk film? IIJiaTHTb ;;eHbrH b Kaccy. To pay the 3. colloq. cinema. H^xh b khho. To money at the cash-desk. go to the cinema. <> CSeperaxejibHaH Ksicca. Savings KHHOTEATP m. picture palace, cin- hank. ema KACTPlOJIfl /. saucepan B MocKBe MHoro KHHoxeaxpoB? Are KATAlTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -iotch there many cinemas in Moscow? imp. Ha q e M?: KaxaTbCH ua ji6;i;- KHHOOflJIbM m. see OHJIbM Ke. To go boating. KaxaxbCH na KHOCK m. kiosk, news-stand JiuHâx. To go skiing. KaxaxbCfl na Fa^XHUH KHOCK. A news-stand. KOHbKax. To go skating. Kyniixb jKypnaji b khocko. To buy <> JIi65iimb Kaxaxbcfl — jiio5h h a magazine at a news-stand. caHoqKii BOSHTb (proverb). Cf. No KHniETb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, sweet without some sweat. 3rd pers. -iix, -hx imp. to boil KAÊCTBO neut. quality Boâ khhhx. The water is boiling. KaqecTBO pa66xbi. The quality of Mojioko khhiix. The milk is boiling. work. EpoAyKUHH BucoKoro Kaêcx- KHPnflH w., gen. -a brick Ba. High-quality output. KflCJIIblS, -an, -oe, -He, short form KAniA /. porridge KHceji, KHCJia, khcji|o, -h; adv. ManuaH Kama. Semolina pudding. KiicJio sour FpeHHeBan Kama. Buckwheat por- Kncjioe hCjioko. A sour apple. ridge. <> Kncjiafl Kanycxa. Sauerkraut. KADIIEJIIj m., gen. -jih cough KJIACCi m. class y MCHH ciijibHMii KameJib. / have PadoHHii KJiacc. The working class. a bad cough. KJIACC2 m. KAinJIHITb, -K), -enib, -iot to cough 1. grade. VHiixbCH b nepBOM KJiac- BojibHoH ciiJibHo Kamjinex. The ce. To be in (to be a pupil in) sick man coughs badly. the first grade. KBA/^PATH IblH, -afl, -oe, -ue square 2. classroom. B uameM KJiacce KBaflpaxnafl KOMnaxa. A square OHenb Hiicxo. Our classroom is room. very clean. KBAPTAJI m. 3. class. Ham KJiacc oqenb flpy)K- 1. block, district. Hobmu ropo^CKon HbiH. We are all friends in our KBapxaJi. A new city district. class. 2. quarter. B xpexbeM KBapxaJie KJlACCOBIblfi, -an, -oe, -ue class 3xoro rdâ Spurafla paCoxaJia KJiaccoBan 6opb6^. The class strug- 0XJi«HH0. In the third quarter of gle. KjiaccoBMe npOXHBOp^HHH. this year the brigade worked very Class contradictions. well. KJIACTb, KJiaAly, -emb, -yx, past KBAPTKPA /. flat KJiaji, KJiaJi|a, -o, -h imp. Kor6? TpexKOMuaxHafl KBapxiipa. A three- ^ X 0? Ha H X 6?/ p. noJioJKiixb, no- room flat. jiowy, HOJiojKHrab, HOJioJKax to KHJIOPPAMM m. kilogramme place, to put Ilflxb KHJiorpaMMOB caxapa. Five Kjiacxb KHHry na cx6ji. To put the KJIE 55 KOJI

book on the table. IIoJiojKHTb caxap KoacA /. B nan. To put sugar in the tea. 1. skin. KojKa JiHua. The skin of the <» nOJIOHCHTb HanaJIO BOBOMy 36- face. I^Bex k6>kh. Complexion. jiy. To lay the foundation for some- 2. leather. HeMo^aH h3 k6?kh. A thing new. leather suitcase.

KJIETIKA /., gen. pi. -ok KOHCAHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He leather 1. cage. KynHTb KJieiKy ajih hthi^. Komauum neuojxau. A leather suit- To buy a bird cage. case. Komanoe Kpecjio. A leather 2. squared, check. TeTpaj;b b kjict- arm-chair. KojKaHHe xy(|)JiH. Leath- Ky. A squared copy-book. Maxe- er shoes. piiaJi B KJiexKy. Check material. KOJIBACA /. (luncheon) sausage 3. cell. KonênaH KOJiSaca. Smoked sausage. <> FpyAHaH KJieTKa. The thorax. Bapenan K0Ji6aca. Boiled sau- KJIflMAT m. climate sage. Byxep6p6A c KOJi6ac6H. A MopcKOH KJiHMaT. A maritime cli- sausage sandwich. mate. MHrKHii KJiiiMaT. A mild KOJIEBATbCH, KOJie6ji|iocb, -embca, climate. -lOxcH imp. 1. 1st & 2nd pers. not used, to KJiyB m. club tremble. JliicxbH êpeBbeB K0Jie6- PaSoHHH KJiy6. A workers' club. B jiioxcH ox Bexpa. The leaves of KJiySe cer6fl;HH TaHD;bi. There is a the trees are trembling in the dance at the club today. wind. m., gen. KJIK)^ -a 2. 1st & 2nd pers. not used, to 1. key. Oh noxepHJi kjiioh ot KBap- fluctuate. Uêuu na ptiHKe KOJieS- THpM. He has lost the key to his JIIOXCH. The prices on the market flat. SanepeTb ji;Bepb na kjiioh. fluctuate. To lock the door. 3. to hesitate. Kojie6axbCH b onen- 2. fig. clue Ke HejioBeKa. To hesitate in as- KHflrA /. book sessing a person. ^Hxaxb KHtiry. To read a book. KOJIEH|0 neut., pi. -n knees KHflHClKA /., gen. pi. -eK dim. of noca^HTb peGeHKa na kojichh. To KHHra book. put a child on one's lap. MajibHHK J]|excKafl KHHJKKa. A children's CHêJi Ha KOJieHHX y Maxepn, The book. boy was on his mother's lap. Cxoaxb <> SanncHafl KHHHfKa. Note-book. Ha KOJieHHX, To be kneeling KHflmniblfl, -an, -oe, Lie book KOJIECO neut., pi. KOJieca wheel KHiijKHafl nojiKa. A bookshelf. KoJieco MamiiHH. A wheel of a Khiijkhhh mKa(|). A bookcase. Khhjk- machine. Hbiii MaraaiiH. A bookshop. KOJIflHECTBO neut. quantity KOB|EP m,, gen. -pa carpet KojiMHecxBo BOAM B SacceHHc. The MarKHH KOBep, A soft carpet. quantity of water in a swimming- KOrÂ adv. pool. 1. when. Korâ xh npHAerab jio- KOJIJIEKTflB m. collective body Moii? When will you come home? ^pyjKHWH KOJiJieKXHB. A united 2. when. H sHaio, kofa^ oh npn- collective. Kojijickxhb â6pHKH. eêx. / know when he comes. Kor- The collective of a factory. jxa KOHHHfflb pa66xy, npHxoAii KOJIJIEKTflBHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He KO MHe. Come and see me when collective you have finished your work. KoJiJieKXHBHHH AoroBop. A collec- KOrAA-HHBS'J^b adv. some day tive agreement. KojiJieKXiiBHoe xo- KoTjia.-Hii6yji,h xh BcnoMHHmb 06 SHHCXBO. A collective farm. .^XHX cJioBax. Some day you will KOJIOHHAJIbHiblH, -an, -oe, -He remember these words. colonial KOrjÂ-TO adv. some time ago KoJiOHHajiLHHii pejKHM. A colonial H 6hji xaM Korâ-xo. / was there regime. KoJionnaJibHaH noJiHXHKa. some time ago. A colonial policy. .

KOJI 56 KOH

KOJIOHHH /. colony 3a. The Central Committee of the HapoAM KOJIOHHH. The peoples of Communist Party of the Soviet the colonies. Union. HcnojiHUxeJibHHH KOMnxex. KOJIOHHA /. An executive committee. 1. column. 3aji c Cgjimmh kojioh- K0MMyHfl3M m., no pi. commu- HBMH. A hall with white columns. nism 2. column. KoJioHHa cnopTCMeHon. CxpoHXb KOMMyHPiSM. To buHd com- A column uf sportsmen. munism. KOJIX03 m. collective farm KOMMyHflCT m. Communist IlepeAOBOH kojixos. A foremost CoK)3 KOMMyHHCXOB. The Union of collective farm. Pa66TaTb b koji- Communists . IlapxHH KOMMyHwcxoB. xoae. To work on a collective farm. A Communist Party. K0JIX03HHK m. collective farmer KOMMyHHCTflqECKIHfl, -an, -oe, KojixosHHKH ySnpaioT ypo>KaH. -ne The collective farmers are gather- 1. communist. KoMMyHHCxiWecKaH ing in the harvest. napxHH CoBexcKoro Coroaa. The KOJIX03HlHfl, -an, -oe, -ue of a Communist Party of the Soviet collective farm Union. KoJixosHan c66cTBeHHOCTb. Collec- 2. communist. Bpnraaa KOMMyHHC- tive-farm property. xiiHecKoro xpyâ. A brigade of KOJIblÔ neut., pi. K6JIbâ, KOJiei^, Communist Labour. KOJibqaM, etc. KOMHATA /. room 1. ring. BojiOToe KOJibu;©. A gold Ho Ban KOMHaxa. A new room. Gsex- ring. JiaH KOMHaxa. A bright room. B 2. circle. Exaxb no KOJibny. To go KOMHaxe xenjio. It is warm in the on a train servicing the Circle room Line (in the Moscow underground K0Mn03flT0P m. composer railway). HaBecxHHH KOMnoaiixop. A well- KOMAHAA /. team known composer. OyiSoJibHaH KOMaHâ. A football KOMCOMOJI m. the Young Com- team. munist League KOMAHJ^flP m. commander KOMCOMOIJIEI^ m., gen. -JIbâ Young KoMaHfl;i4p noJiKa. A regiment com- Communist Leaguer mander. KoMaHAiip napiHsaHCKoro Akxiibhwh KOMCOMOJieu;. An active OTpHfla. The commander of a guer- Young Communist Leaguer. Ha rilla detachment. cxpoHKax paSoxaex mhofo komco- KOMAH/ÎOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT M6Jibn;eB. Many Young Communist imp.^ K e M? q e M? to command Leaguers work at the construction KoMaHjtoBaxb apMneii. To command an army. KOMCOMOJIbCKlHn, -an, -oe, -ne KOMBAflH m. combine Young Communist League VrojibHbiii K0M6aHH. A coal mining KoMCOMOJibCKHH 6HJiex. A Ycung combine. Communist League (membership) KOMBHHAT m. mill, plant card. KoMCOMOJibCKoe co6paHHe. A Oh paSoxaex na 6yMa>KH0M kom6h- Y.C.L. meeting. Haie. He works at a paper mill. KOHBEPT m. envelope <> KoMGnnaT SwTOBoro o5cJiyacH- KyHHXb KOHBepx. To buy an enve- BaHHH. A personal service establish- lope. 3aKJieHXb KOHBepx. To seal an ment. envelope. KOMflCCHH /. commission KOH|E^ m., gen. -ni end IIpHeMHaH KOMPiccHH, A selection KoHen; KHnrn. The end of the book. commission. HaGHpaxejibHaH ko- <> B KOHi;e KOHiÔB. At last, at MHCCHH. An election commission. the end. IIojiowHTb KOHeii, qeiwy- KOMHTET m. committee JII160. To put an end to something. IêHxpaJibHHH KoMHxex KoMMynnc- CBO^HTb KOHUU C KOHIâMH. To xHHecKOH napxHH CoBexcKoro Coio- make both ends meet. KOH 57 KOC

KOHEHHO [niH] KOHbKfl pi., sing, kohck m., gen. 1. paren. word certainly. Tbi, ko- KOHbKa skates

HeHHO, snaemb 06 3T0M . You cer- BeroBBie KOHbK[i. Racing skates. tainly know that. KaxaxbCH na KOiibKax. To skate. 2. particle of course. Tu noHflemt KOnE|flKA /., gen. pi. -en copeck B KHHO? — KoHCHHo! ''Will you (the smallest Russian coin, 1/100 of go to the cinema?" ''Of course!" a rouble). KOHCEPBIM pi., no sing., gen. -ob OAHa KoneHKa. One copeck. J^Be food preserves KoneHKH. Two copecks. ITflXb ko- OBomHLie KOHCepBti. Canned vege- neeK. Five copecks. tables. MflCHHe KOHCepBH. Canned KOPABJIIb m., gen. -a ship meat. Fhi6uue KOHcepBH. Canned BoeHHHH KopaSJib. A warship. fish. KOPIEHb m., gen. -hh KOHCTHTyU;HH /. constitution 1. root. KopeHb pacxeHHH. The KOHTPOJIbHIMH, -aH, -oe, -ue con- root of a plant. trol, test 2. root. KopeHb cJioBa. The root IlHcaTb KOHxpoJibHyio pa66Ty. To of a word. write a test-paper. 3. root. HsBJieHb KBa^paxHMH k6- KOHOETA /. sweet peHb H3 HHCJia. To extract the nioKOJiaAHaa Konêxa. A chocolate. square root of a number. IlHTbCOT rpaMMOB KOHêT. Five O CMOTpexb B KopeHb. To get at hundred grammes of sweets. the root (of something). KOHIliEPT m. KOPHJÔP m. corridor, passage 1. concert. Konuepi necHH h njific- KOPflHHEBIblfl, -an, -oe, -He brown KH. A concert of songs and KOPMflTb, KOpMJIiO, KOpMHfflb, KOp- dances. KoHn;epT xyjiomecT- MHx imp. Koro? h e m? /p. na- BCHHOH CaMOfleHXeJIBHOCTH. An KOpMHXb, HaKOpMJIK), HaKOpMHUIb, amateur performers' concert. HaKopMHX to feed

2. concerto. KoHi^epx ji^Jifi CKpiinKii Maxb KopMHX peGeHKa cynoM. The c opKecxpoM. A concerto for mother gives soup to her child. violin and orchestra. KOPOBIKA /., gen. pi. -ok box KOHHAlTb, -10, -emt, -lox imp. Kop65Ka cniweK. A box of matches. qxo? &-\-inf. I p. KonqliixL, -y, KopoSKa KOH(|)ex. A box of sweets. -Hint, -ax KOPOBA /. COW 1. to finish. Konquxb 6ecefly. To B KOJixoae mhofo KopoB. The col- finish a conversation. neBHii;a lective farm has many cows. KOHHHJia nexb. The singer fin- KOPOJI|b m., gen. -a king ished singing. KOPOTKIHW, -aH, -oe, -ne, short form 2. to finish, to graduate. Konnnxb KopoxoK, KopoxKa, KopoxKlo, -h; niKOJiy. To finish school. Koh- adv. KopoxKo; comp. Kopo^e short HHXb yHHBepcHxex. To graduate 1. short. KopoxRHH nHA>KaK. A from the University. short coat. KopoxKaH KypxKa. A KOHH'AlTtCa, 1st & 2nd pers. not short jacket.

used, 3rd pers. -excfl, -ioxch imp. / 2. short. KopoxKHii cpoK. A short p. KOHqJHXbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not time. KopoxKHH paaroBop. A used, 3rd pers. -hxch, -axcfl to short conversation. KopoxKO ox- end BexHXb. To answer briefly. KoHDjepx KOHqaexcfl b 10 ^acoB Be- 3. only short form too short. I06Ka nepa. The concert ends at 10 eii KopoxKa. The skirt is too short o'clock in the evening. for her. KOHHHTb see KOHHATb KOCMflHECKlHtt, -an, -oe, -ne cos- KOH^HTBCH see KOH^ATbCfl mic, space KOHb m., gen. kohh; pi. kohh, ko- KocMHHecKoe npocxpancxBo. Space. HeH, KOHHM, etc. horse KocMHqecKHH KopaSjib. A space- Exaxb Ha Kone. To ride on horse- ship. KocMHHecKHe Jiy^H. Cosmic back. rays. KOC 58 KPE

KOCMOHABT m. cosmonaut KPAlCHTb, -my, -cnmb, -cht imp. KOCMOC m. cosmos, space hto? / p. noKpalcHTb, -uiy, -cnmb, HayHeHHe KocMOca. Studying -cat to paint space. noJiexH b kocmoc. Space KpacHTb noJi. To paint the floor. flights. KPAC|KA /., gen. pi. -ok paint ToJiySaH KpacKa. Blue paint. KOCHS^TbCH see KACATbCH KPACHElTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. / KOCTIb /., gen. pi. -en bone noKpacHe|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot to IlepejioM KocTH. A fracture. p. turn red; to blush, to flush suit, costume KOCTIOM m. H6JI0KH noKpacHeJiH. The apples KOCTIOM. A sports cos- GnopTHBHtiH turned red. KpacHCTb ot CTHAa. To KOCTIOM. To buy a tume. KynuTb blush with shame. suit. KPACHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form KOTJIETA /. cutlet, rissole Kpacen, Kpacna, Kpacnlo, -h red MHCHwe KOTJieTH. Meat cutlets (ris- KpacHHH KapaHflam. A red pencil. soles). JKapHTb KOTJieTH. To fry <> Kpacnafl njiomaflb. Red Square. cutlets. KPAICTb, -Ay, -Aemb, -^yT, past npaJi, KOTOPIblfl, -an, -oe, -He -a, -o, -H imp. mo? y Koro?/ 1. who, which, fl snaio TOBapnma, p. yKpa|CTb, -Ay, -Aemb, -a^t, past KOTopHH npnexaji h3 JlenHH- yKpaji, -a, -o, -H to steal rpafla. / know the comrade who Oh yKpaJi y hhx Aenbrn. He stole came from Leningrad. mifhey from them. 2. what, which. KoTopHH nac? KPATKIHH, -an, -oe, -He, short form time is it? Tjie Kmira, ko- What KpaTOK, KpaTKa, KpaTKlo, -h; adv. o6emaJi? Where is the Topyio TH KpaTKO short, brief, concise book which you promised? KpaTKHH AOKJiaA. A brief report. indecl., no KOOE m., pi. KpaTKHii cjioBapb. A concise dic- nJiaHTai;HH K6(|)e. A cof- 1. coffee. tionary. H 6yAy KpaTOK. /'// be plantation. fee brief. IIhtl nepHHH K6$e. To 2. coffee. KPEMJIlb m., gen. -a the citadel of drink black K6$e c mo- coffee. an old Russian town JiOKOM. White coffee. MocKOBCKHH KpeMJib. The Moscow KOmiKA /., gen. pi. -eK cat Kremlin. KomKa. A black cat. Hepnan KPEHKIHR, -an, -oe, -ue, short form KPAH m., prepos. o Kpae & b Kpaio, KpenoK, KpeuKa, KpenK|o, -h; Ha Kpaio; pi. Kpan adv. KpeuKo; comp. Kpenê 1. edge. Ha Kpaio cxojia. On the 1. hard. KpeuKHH opex. Hard nut. edge of the table. 2. strong. KpeuKHH opraHH3M. A 2. land. Poj^hoh Kpaa. The native strong organism. land. TenJine Kpan. Warm lands. 3. strong. KpenKoe bhho. Strong 3. territory. CTaBponoJibCKHH Kpan. wine. KpeHKHH âa. Strong tea. Stavropol territory. <> KpenKHM COH. A sound sleep. KPAH m. KpenKo enaxb. To sleep soundly. 1. tap. BoônpoBoflHHH npan. A KPEnHlYTb, -y, -emb, -yT, past water tap. OxKpoH Kpan. Turn Kpen, -Jia, -jio, -jih imp. I p. OKpen- the tap on. H|yTb, -y, -emb, -yT, past 0Kp6n, 2. crane. noffijeMHHH Kpan. A crane. -jia. -JIO, -JIH to grow stronger KPACflBlblfl, -aa, -oe, -He, short Pe6eH0K OKpen. The child grew form KpacHB, -a, -o, -h; adu. Kpa- stronger. Kp^nneT APyJKâ MeJKAy cHBo beautiful; handsome CTpanaMH. The friendship between KpacHBan fleBymKa. A beautiful countries grows stronger. I girl. KpacHBaH mccthoctij. Beauti- KPEC|JIO neut., gen. pi. -eJi armchair armchair. ful country. BoKpyr oienb KpacH- MflFKoe Kpecjio. A soft BO. Everything around is very beau- CHA^Tb B Kp6cJie. To sit in an arm- tiful. chair. I

KPE 59 KTO

KPECTbUHHH m., pi. KpecTbane, KpyrjiWH CHpoxa. A complete or- KpecTBHH peasant phan. Kpyrjibiii otjih^hmk. A pu- KPECTbHHCKlHfl, -an, -oe, -iie peas- pil with only excellent marks. Kpyr- ant jiwS aypaK. An utter fool. KpecTbflHCKafl ceMtfi. A peasant KPyH{|OK m., gen. -Ka circle, society family. JlnxepaxypHHH KpyHtoK. A litera- KPHBlOH, -an, -oe, -He crooked ry society. KpyJKoK neHHH. A sing- KpHsaa JiHHHH. A crooked line. ing group. KpHBafl yjiHiia. A crooked street. KPyriHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ne large KPflKHyTb see KPH'ÂTb Kpynnoe npej^npnaxHe. A large KPHH|ATb, -y, -Hmb, -ax imp. enterprise. KpynnaH npoMHraJien- p. Kpi'iKHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx to cry, HOCXb. Large-scale industry. to shout <> PasMBHaTb KpynHbie Aenbrn. KpHHaxb OT 66jih. To cry with To change large bank-notes. Kpyn- pain. He KpHHiixe na mchh! Don't HbiS paarOBop. A serious conver- shout at me! sation. KPOBATb /. bed KPyT|(3B[, -an, -oe, -He, short form Jl|epeBflHHaH KpoBaxb. A wooden Kpyx, Kpyxa, Kpyx|o, -h; adv. Kpy- bed. JlejKaxb Ha KponaxH. To lie xo on a bed. 1. steep. Kpyxafl ropa. A steep KPOBb /., no pi., prepos. b KpoBii hill. blood 2. sharp. KpyxoH noBopox noporn. Oh nopeaaJi naJiei^, nonaaajiacb A sharp turn of the road. KpoBb, He cut his finger and blood 3. fig. sharp. KpyxoH xapanxep. appeared. A sharp temper. <>• BopoTbCfl «o nocjieAHefi KanjiH KPblJIO neut., pi. KpHJibH wing KpoBH. To fight to one's last drop KpHJio nxpji^H. The wing of a bird. of blood, KpHJid caMOJiexa. The wing of a KPOME prep. -\- gen. plane. 1. except. npHOiJiH Bce, KpoMe KPb'IfflA /. roof o^Horo cxyêHxa. Everybody }KeJie3HaH KpHraa. A metal roof. came, except one student. Kptima flOMa. The roof of a house. 2. besides. KpoMe MenH, npHmjio KPKimiKA /., gen. pi. -eK lid ein.e necKOJibKO êjioBeK. A few KpHfflKa HaHHHKa. The teapot (tea- people came besides myself. kettle) lid. <> Oh xopomo nrpaex b BOJieHSoji, KCTATH adv. & paren. word by the a KpoMe Toro oh Henjioxofi way, on the way maxMaTHCT. He plays volley-ball Korâ noHflenib b Maraaiin, KCxaxH well, besides he is not a bad chess- 3aHji;H Ha no^xy. When you go to player. the shop, call at the post-office on Kpyr m., pi. -H the way. KcxaxH, oh y>Ke npnexaji? 1. circle. IIJiomaAb Kpyra, The By the way, has he already come? area of a circle. KTO pron., gen., ace. Koro [KaBo], 2. circle. Tani^yiontHe oSpaaosajiH dat. KOMy, instr. kbm, prepos. o kom mnpoKHH Kpyr. The dancers who formed a large circle. Kxo npHmeJi? Who has come? Koro <> B Kpyry apyaefi. Among Hex B KJiacce? Who is absent from iriends. B xecHOM Kpyry. Among the class? KoMy ji;axb KHiiry? Whom friends. shall I give the book to? Koro xh KPyrJIIblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form xaM BHAHHib? Whom do you see Kpyrji, Kpyrjia, Kpyrji|o, -h round there? KeM xH HCAOBOJieH? Whom KpyrJiHH cxoJi. A round table. are you displeased with? O kom xh Kpyrjioe JIH^6. A round face. ^yMaenib? Whom are you thinking <> Kpyrjibifi roff. The whole year about? H 3Haio, kxo bshji moh cjio- round. Kpyrjibie cvtkh meji Bapb. / know who has taken my AOH

KTO-HUByAb pron., gen., ace. Koro^ KyPfiTb, Kypio, Kj'pHfflb, Kypnx imp. HHSyAb [KaBO-], dat. KOMy-nnSyAt, qxo?//). noKypnxb, noKypio, no- instr. KeM-HH5y;i;b, prepos. o kom- Kypnmb, noKypflx to smoke HH6yAfc somebody, anybody Kypiixb nannpocu. To smoke ciga- KT6-HH6yfl;i> npnineji? Has anybody rettes. Bh Kypnxe? Do you smoke? come? GKaH^H K0My-HH6yAi» 06 3Tom. Kypnxe, noHcajiyncxa. Have a Tell somebody about that. cigarette, please. KTO-TO pron., gen., ace. Koro-To [Ka- KyPHI^A /.. pi. KypH b6-], dat. KOMy-TO, instr. kgm-to, 1. hen. BeJiaa Kypnua. A white prepos. k6m-to somebody hen. Kt6-to Bomeji b KOMHaxy, ho oh 2. chicken. JKapenaH KypnHa. He BHAeJi, KTO. Somebody entered Roast chicken. Cyn c KypanieH.

. the room but he could not see who Chicken soup. it was. KyPC m. KVJlA adv. where 1. course, series. KpaxKHH Kypc KyAa TLi HAemb? Where are you HCxdpHH. A short history course. going? HaAO pemHTb, KyAa mh Ilpocjiymaxb Kypc JieKUHH no noeAGM JiexoM. We must decide where JiHxepaxype. To listen to a se- we shall go in the summer. ries of lectures on literature. KVJlA-tmhyJlh adv. somewhere 2. year of study. GxyAenx Bxoporo IIoJio>KH KHHrH KyAa-HH6yAt H Kypca. A second-year student. Oh noHAeM. Put the books somewhere fHHXCH Ha xpexbeM Kypce. He is and let's go. in his third year. BxopoH Kypc KYAA-TO adv. somewhere aaHHMaexcH b ayAHxopnii HOMep H KyAa-To noJiojKHJi cboh KHiirn. 5. The second year students are in / put my books somewhere. Oh Ky- room No. 5. Aa-TO ymeJi. He has gone some- <> BbiTb B Kypce. To be in the where. know. KYJIAK m., gen. -a fist KyC|OK m., gen. -Ka piece ^ VAapHTb KyjiaKoM no cxojiy. To BoJibfflou KycoK cbipa. A large strike the table with one's fist. piece of cheese. KycoK xjieSa. Apiece KyJIbTYPA /. of bread. KycoK caxapa. A lump 1. culture. IIcTopHH KyJibTypu. of sugar. The history of culture, ^enxejib KyCT m., gen. -a bush Kyjibxypm. A cultural worker. npHxaxbCH B Kycxax. To hide in 2. crop. 3epH0Bwe Kyjibxypu. Ce- the bushes. real crops. TexHiinecKHe Kyjib- KyXIHfl /., gen. pi. -OHb kitchen xypti. Technical crops. roxoBHXb o6eA Ha Kyxne. To cook 3. culture. HeJioBCK SoJibmoii Kyjib- dinner in the kitchen. xypu. A man of great culture. KymAITb, -K) (1st pers. rarely used), 4.: KyJibxypa nponsBOACXBa. Stan- -erab, -lox imp, hxo? / />. noKy- dard of production. ma|xb, -10, -emb, -lox to eat KyJIbXyPHlblfl, -aH, -oe, -bie, short Kymanxe, nojKajiyiicxa. Help your- form Kyjibxypen, KyJibxypH|a, -0, -w self. 1. cultured. KyJibxypnbiH MeJiOBCK. A cultured man. Ohh neAOCxa- xoHHO KyjibxypHH. They are not JI, Ji cultured enough. 2. only complete form cultural. JiArEPIb m., pi. -H camp KyJibxypnue cbh3H. Cultural re- IlHOHepcKHH jiarepb. A Young Pio- lations. neers' camp. TypHCTH^ecKHH Jia- KVnAlTbCH, -locb, -efflbCH, -ioxch repb. A tourist camp. imp. to bathe JlA^HO particle colloq. all right KynaxbCfl b Mope. To bathe in the Mh ceroAHH noHACM b khho? —

sea. JIaAHO. "" Shall we go to the pictures KynflTb see nOKyflATb today?" ''All right.'' JIAM 61 JIEC

JIAMOA /. lamp; light 2. fig. icy. JleAHHOH b3tjihjj,. An SjieKTpiiHecKaH JiaMoa. An electric icy look. Oh CKaaaJi axo Jie^H- lamp. HacTOJibHafl JiaMna. A desk HMM xohom. He said that icily. lamp. JiaMna b 40 BaxT. A 40-watt JIEHCjAXb, -y, -Mfflb, -ax imp. rê? lamp. JiaMna Ha 127 bojilt. A 1. to lie, to be. Jlewaxb na ^HBane. 127 -volt bulb. To lie on a divan. KHHrn JiejKax JIACKOBlblfl, -aH, -oe, -we, short Ha cxojie. The books are on the form JiacKOB, -a, -o, -u; adv. jiac- table. kobo 2. to lie, to be ill, Jlemaxb b no- 1. affectionate, kind. JlacKOBan cxeJiH. To lie in bed. Moik xoBa- MaTB. An affectionate mother. pnm y>Ke 2 Mecnita jieHtnx b 6oJib- JIacKOBHH B3rJifl;i;. A kind look. HHi;e. My friend has already JIacKOBoe JiHUo. A kind face. been in hospital for two months. JIacKOBO yjiH6aTbCH. To smile <> y Hero cepj;uie ne jicjkht k affectionately. axoH paSoxe. He has a distaste for 2. fig. gentle. JlacKOBtin Bexep. this work. A gentle wind. JlacKOBoe cojih- JIE3|Tb, -y, -emb, -yx, past Jies, -Jia, ne. A caressing sun. -Jio, -JiH imp. Ky;i;a? <> JIaCKOBOe CJIOBO, «ito BeceHHHH 1. to climb. Jleaxb na AepeBo. To ACHb (proverb). An endearing word climb a tree. Jlesxb na ropy. To is like a spring day. climb a mountain. JIEBlblfiL, -an, -oe, -He left 2. to get. Jleaxb b BOAy. To get JleBaH pyKa, The left hand (arm). into the water. JleBan nora. The left foot (leg). 3.: Jleaxb b KapMan. To put one's MoH fl;oM Ha jieBOH CTopone yjiHn,Li. hand into one's pocket. My house is on the left side of the <> Jleaxb He b cboc acjio (collog.). one's nose into other street. ^ Gf. To poke JlErKlHH, -an, -oe, -ne [-xk-], short people's affairs. He Jieaxb sa cjio- form jieroK, Jiernla, -6, -ti; adv, BOM B KapMRH. To havc a ready JierKo; comp. Jierne tongue. 1. light. JlerKan cyMKa. A light bag. JIEKAPCTBO neut. medicine 2. easy. JlerKaH paSoxa. Easy FopbKoe JiCKapcxBo. A bitter medi- work. JlerKaH saAaâ. An easy cine. IlpHHHMaxb JienapcxBO. To task. 3xy Baflany h JierKo pe- take medicine. JIcKapcxBO ox Ka- niHJi. / solved that task easily. mJifl. Cough medicine. 3. slight. JlerKHH Mopos. A slight JIEK^HH /. lecture frost. HnxepeCHan JieKHHH. An interesting 4. easy. JlerKHii xapanxep. An easy lecture. JleKHHfl no MaxcMaxHKe. temper. A lecture on mathematics, ^nxaxb <> JlerKdH npoMbimjieHHOCTb. Light (cJiyraaxb) jickuhh. To deliver (to industry. JlerKaH MysbiKa. Light listen to) lectures. Ha JieKBtHH 6biJio music, y Hero JierKo na nyme MHoro Hapofla. There were many (predic. impers.). He feels light- people at the lecture. hearted. JIEHHBlblK, -an, -oe, -we, short form JIErKOMb'ICJIEHHIblH, -an, -oe, -bie jieHHB, -a, -0, -h; adv. jichmbo lazy 1. light-headed. JlerKOMLicjieHHbm JleHPiBHH cxyAeHX. A lazy student. HeJioBeK. A light-headed person. JleHHBo pa66xaxb. To work lazily. 2. light-headed. JlerKOMbicjieHHWH JIEHTA /. ribbon nocxynoK. A light-headed action. ToJiySan Jienxa. A pale blue ribbon. JIEJ^ m., gen. jibâ ice JIEC m., prepos. o Jiece & b Jiecy; pi. XopomHH Jie^; Ha KaxKe. Good ice jieca wood, forest on the skating-rink. BaJiex na Jihjxy. TycxoH Jiec. A dense forest. Mm Ice-ballet. AOJiro ryjiHJiH no oceHHCMy Jiecy. JIEJ|HH|Ofl, -an, -oe, -tie We walked in the autumn forest 1. iee. Jle^HHaH jôpomKa. An ice for a long time. Ha xeppHXopHH track. CCCP ecxb H jiHcxBeHHwe h xBOHHwe .

JlEC 62 JiHq

jieca. There are deciduous and He asked whether I should go to coniferous forests on the territory of the library today. the USSR. JIHHfilflKA /., gen. pi. -CK JIECTUHIÂ /. staircase 1. ruler. niHpoKaH JiecTHHiâ. A broad stair- 2. line. TexpaAt b jiHHCHKy. A case. IIoAHHTbCfl no JiecTHHi5e. To ruled copy-book. go up the stairs. 3x3 JIeCTHHâ JlfiHHH /. Be;i;eT na BTopoH axam. This stair- 1. line. IIpHMafl jihhhh. A straight case leads to the first floor. line. KpHBafl jihhhh. A curved JIETA|Tb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. to fly line. IlapaJiJiejibHHe jiiiHHn. IItijiiu JiexaioT. Birds fly. GaMOJie- Parallel lines. TH H3 MOCKBM jieiaioT B JleHHHrpflifl 2. fig. policy. JIhhhh napxHH. The KajK/tMH neuh. Planes fly from Mos- policy of a party. cow to Leningrad every day. JIHCT^ m., pi. jiHcxbH, JiifcxbCB leaf JIE|T£Tb, -Hy, -Tiifflb, -THT imp. to OceHHHe JEHCXbfl. Autumn leaves. Hy JlHCXbH B ca^y no>KejixeJ[H. The 1. to fly. 3tot caMOJiex jiexiiT b leaves in the garden have turned MocKBy. That plane is flying to yellow. Moscow. nxHi];w Jiexax na ror. JIHCT^ m., pi. JiHcxw, JiHCxoB sheet The birds are flying to the south. JIhcx 6yMarH. A sheet of paper. 2. fig. to fly. Bwcxpo JiexHX Bpe- JIhcx wejiesa. A sheet of iron. MH. Time flies. JIHTEÂTyPA /. JIETHlHfl, -HH, -ee, -ne 1. literature. CoBexcKan Jinxepaxy- 1. summer. JlexnnH jieuh. A sum- pa. Soviet literature. Apa6cKaH mer day. jiHxepaxypa. Arabic literature. 2. summer. JTexnee njiaxbe, najib- HsyH^xb JiHxepaxypy. To study x6. A summer dress, overcoat. literature. 3. summer. JlexHne KanHKyjiLi. 2. literature. Jlnxepaxypa no axoMy Summer holidays. Bonpocy. The literature on this JIETO neut., no pi. summer subject. >KapKoe cyxoe Jiexo. A dry hot JlHTEPAXyPHlblfl, -an, -oe, -we liter- summer. HpoBecxH jiexo ua Mope, ary Ha ji,a.ne. To spend the summer at JlHxepaxypHHH hsmk. The literary the seaside, in the country. language'. Jlnxepax^pnoe npoHSBe- JIETOM adv. in summer ABHHe. A work of literature. Jlnie- JlexoM fl oxfl.Mxaio na Mope. In paxypuHH KpyHtoK. A literary so- summer I rest at the seaside. ciety. JIETHHK m. flyer JIHTb, Jib|io, -emb, -lox; imper. Jienl O noABHre JiexHHKa MapecbeBa jieHxel imp. h x o? to pour 3Haex Becb Mnp. The whole world JiHXb BoAy B cxaKan. To pour water knows about the flyer Maresyev's into the glass. feat. <> AoJKAb JibCT KaK n3 BeApa. It JIE^flTb, Jie^y, jiennmb, Jieiax imp. is raining cats and dogs. Kor6? Hxo? ox Hero? He M?/ JIHU;0 neut., pi. Jiiina face p. BMJienjHXb, -y, nmb, -ax to 1. face. BjieAHoe jihho. A pale treat face. PyMHHoe jihho.^ A rosy Bpan JieHHx SoJibuoro ox rpnnna. face, no ee Jinny xeKyx cJieau. The doctor is treating the patient for Tears are streaming down her the 'flu. cheeks m ^ JIEHb see JIOHCflTbCH 2. face. Oh cxohji JinnoM k oKHy. fl JIH particle whether He stood with his face turned to He xoxHxe jih bh nonxn b xeaxp? the window. Don't you want to go to the theatre? <> FoBopHTb B Jieuo hto-jihSg ko- Ecxb JIH y Bac axa KHnra? Have My-JiH6o. To say something to you got that book? Oh cnpocnji, (ne) somebody's face. BwcTynaxb or noHfly JIH fl ceroAHfl b SnGjiHoxcKy. jiaua Kor6-JiH6o. To speak on . . .

JIHH 63 jiy»i

somebody's behalf. Ha hcm jih- JI05K|KA /., gen. pi. -en spoon iia Hex! He looks awful! GxoJioBbie H âHHwe ji6>kkh. Ta- JIflHII|bIfl, -aH, -oe, -He personal, blespoons and teaspoons. IIpHHHMaTb private jieKapcxBo no ctojioboh JioJKKe xpn JlHHHaH c66cTBeHH0CTb. Personal paaa b Aeub. To take a tablespoon property. JIPiHHoe êJio. One's pri- of medicine three times a day. vate business. JIOMA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. h x o? / JIflfflfllHfl, -HH, -ee, -He p. cji0Ma|xb, -K), -enib, -lox 1. extra, spare. Hex jih y Bac 1. to break. CjioMaxb najiny. To jiHfflHero 6iiJieTa? Have you got break a stick. PeSenoK JioMaex a spare ticket? HrpymKH. The child breaks its 2. unnecessary. 3th Benin JiiiniHHe, toys fl He B03bMy HX c co66h. These 2. fig.: Oh floJiro JiOMaJi rojiosy things are unnecessary; I won't uaA xpy/i,HOH saAaneH. He cudg- take them with me. elled his brains over the diffi- JIOB m., gen. Ji6a forehead cult problem for a long time. BticoKHH Jio6. A high forehead. JIOMAlTbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not HIT3KHH Jio6. A low forehead. used, 3rd pers. -excH, -ioxch imp. / JIOBflTb, JIOBJIK), JIOBHmb, JIOBHT p. cjiOMa|xbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not imp. K r 6? H T 0? hcm?//). hoh- used, 3rd pers. -exCH, -lOXCH to MalTb, -10, -enib, -iot break I 1. to catch, IIoHMaTb mah. To catch MeJi JiOMaexcH. The chalk crum- the ball. bles. Eepo CJioMaJiocb. The nib has 2. to catch. JIoBHTb pH6y cexbio, broken. yÔHKOH. To catch fish with a JIOniA/tb /., gen. pi. Jiomajêu, instr. net, fishing-rod. JIobhtb nxnn;. JiomaAbMH horse To catch birds. PaSonan JidmaAi>. A draught horse. 3. fig. to catch, to devour. JIobiitb EsAHXb na JioraaAH. To ride a B3rJifl;i;. To catch somebody's eye. horse JIoBHTb CJiOBa. To devour every word. JiyK m., no pi. onion(s) <> JIoBHTb Ha cJiOBe. To take some- SeJieHHH JiyK. Spring onions. Mh- body at his word. Oh noiiMaji ceSn co c JiYKOM. Meat with onions. /.* Ha MucjiH, ^TO ayMaex o neii. He JIYHA moon caught himself thinking about Ha He6e noûHJiacb MOJioân Jiyna. her. A new moon rose in the sky. Co- JI0BK|HB[, -aH, -oe, -ne, short form BexcKHe yqeuHe c$OTorpa{|)MpoBaJiH JiOBOK, JioBKa, jiobkIo, -h; adv. jiob- o6paxHyio cxopony Jlynu. Soviet KO scientists photographed the reverse 1. agile. JIoBKHH cnopxcMeH. An side of the Moon. agile sportsman. JIYH m., gen. -a ray, beam 2. adroit. JIobkhh npHjKOK. An JTyHH coJiHua. Sunbeams. adroit jump. MaJibHHK jiobko JlSHWLE BJiea Ha Aepeno. The boy climbed 1. comp. of adj. xopomnu better. the tree adroitly. Tboh pncynoK jiyqme, êM moh. JIOAlKA /., gen. pi. -ok boat Your drawing is better than mine B Jioj^HQ Shjio xpn êJiOBena. There 2. comp. of adv. xopomo better, were three people in the boat. Ka- nnmnxe jiyqme! Write more xaxbCH Ha JioAKe. To go boating. carefully! JIOHClflTbCH, -ycb, -nnibCH, -axcn predic. impers. BoJibHOMy cxaJio imp. Kyâ? / p. Jie^b, Jifllry, Jiynme. The sick man felt better. ->Kenib, -ryx, past Jier, Jierji|a, -6, 3. particle rather. Mne He xoêxcH -h; imper. jiar! JiHrxe! to lie njijii B xeaxp, hohagm Jiynme fl Jier Ha ^HBan. / lay down on the B KHHO. / don't want to go to divan, fl pano Jiowycb cnaxb. / go the theatre, let's rather go to the to bed early. cinema. h jiyn 64 MAJI

<> CTapbiil Apyr jiyqme hoblix love. JIioSoBb K poAHHe, k jiioahm, flBVX (proverb). An old friend K AGTHM, K pa56xe, K HayKe. Love of is better than two new ones. one's country, of people, of children, Jlyqme nosAHO, hgm HHKorAa. of work, of science. Oh c JiioCoBbK) Better late than never. Jlyime CACJiaJi 3xy Ben;b. He made this Bcero. Best of all. KaK m6h{ho thing with enthusiasm. Jiyqme. As best as one can. JIK)B|Ofl, -aH, -6e, -tie JI^HiniHfl, -an, -ee, -ne superl. of 1. any. IIpHxoAHTe ko mhc b jiio- xopomnii the best 66e BpeMH. Come to see me at 9to Jiyninee 3AaHHe b ropofle. This any time. Oh 6liji roxoB bmooji- is the best building in the city. HflXb jiK)5yio pa66xy. He was 3x0 Jiy^fflHii cxyAeHx naineH rpyn- ready to do any work. ntr. He is the best student in our 2. used as n. anyone. JlioSoii saw group. 9xa KHtira — Jiyqmee npoH3- CKaJKex, TAe naxoAHxcH Mexpo. BCAeHHe axoro nncaxejiH. This book Anyone will tell you where the is the best work of this writer. underground station is. JII>I>KIT pi., sing. JibiHta skis JIK)BOnb'ITH|bin, -aa, -oe, -Me CJiOMaxL JiHJKH. To break one's skis. 1. curious, JIioGonbixHLiM neJioBeK. Ouii JiiooHx X0A»Tb Ha JiH>Kax. A curious person. They like to go skiing. Ka?KAoe 2. fig. inquisitive. JIioSonwxHLiH BocKpeceHbe mw KaxaeMca Ha jim- BsrJiHA. An inquisitive eye. >Kax. Every Sunday we go skiing. JlK)Jl,H pi., gen., ace. jik)a6h, dat. .lK)BHM|blH, -aH, -oe, ue JiiS^flM, instr. jiiOAbMH, prepos. o 1. beloved, favourite. JIio6riMafl fle- jiiOAHx; sing. nejioBeK m. people ByniKa. One's beloved girl. JIio- oHMtiH cwH. One's favourite son. 2. beloved, favourite. JIio6hmhii M, M ropoA. One's beloved city. JlioSii- MLiri HHcaxeJib. One's favourite MArA3HH m. shop writer. JIio6HMaH KHiira. One's IIpOAOBOJIbCXBeHHHH MarasHH. A favourite book. JIio6HMoe 6jik)ao. food shop. KoHAHxepcKHH Maraaiin. One's favourite dish. A confectionery. yHHBepcaJibHHii JIIOBHTb, jiio6jii6, JnoSunib, jik)6hx MaraauH. A department store. Ky-

imp. K r 6? q X 0? or ~\- inf. / ni'ixb npoAynxLi b MarasHHe. To p. nojiK)6HXb, nojiio6jii6, noJuoSnmb, buy foodstuffs at a shop. nOJHOOHT MAfl ni. May 1. to love. JlK)5HXb poAHHy. To Tenjibiii Man. A warm May. H po- love one's country. JIiodnTb Maxb. AHJiCH B Mae. / was born in May. To love one's mother. IlojiioSiixb MAJI, -a, -6, -hi short adj. (cf. AeBymKy. To fall in love with a MAJIEHbKHfl) too small girl. JlioSrixb jiHxepaxypy, pa66- 3xH 5oximKH cxaJiH Majibi Majib^H- xy. To love literature, work. Ky. These boots have become too 2. to like. H jiioSjipo nrpaxb na small for the boy. poHJie. / like to play the piano. MAJIEHbKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short JIK)B|OBATLCH, -yiocb, yembCH, form Maji, MaJia, MaJio, Majibi; comp.

-yioxcH imp. k e m? h e m? / />. no- MeHbme (q. v.) Jiio6|oBaxbcH, -yiocb, -yeiubCH, 1. small. MajieHbKaH KOMHaxa. A -yioxcH to admire small room. HeJioBCK MajieHLKo- JlloGOBaXbGH BOCXOAOM COJIHLta. To ro pocxa. A short man. admire the sunrise. JlK)6oBaxbCH 2. little. MaJieHbKHe acth. Little peSeHKOM. To admire a child. children. Tm eme Maji. You are JIIOBOBb /., gen. jiioSbh, instr. Jiio- too young yet. SoBbK) K KOMy? K HCMy? love MAJIO adv., comp. MeHbme (q. v.) little ITepBafl JiioSoBb. One's first love. Oh MaJio roBopnx, ho mhofo Ae- CqacxJiHBafl JiioSoBb. A happy love. Jiaex. He says little, but he does a Heciacxnafl JiroSoBb, An unhappy lot. Oh eJi Majio Maca. He ate little MAJI 65 MEJJ,

meat. Ha CTenax BHceno Majio lect material on the life of a KapiHH. There were few pictures on well-known writer. the walls. 2. material. Maxepnaji na kocxiom. MAJIBHHK m. boy Material for a suit. lUeJiKOBHiH BocnHTaHHHH MajibHHK. A well- Maxepnaji, Silk material. bred boy. MaJibHHK cbmh Jiex. A MATPOC m. deckhand, sailor, seaman seven-year-old boy. GMeJiHH Maxpoc. A brave seaman. MAMA /. mummy GjiyjKHXb MaxpocoM na KopaSjie. MAPI KA /., gen. pi. -oK postage To serve as a deckhand on a ship. stamp MATb /., gen., dat., prepos. Maxepn, HoHToBaH MapKa. A postage stamp. instr. Maxepbio; pi. Maxepn, Maxe- KoJiJiGKitHfl MapoK. A collection of pen, etc. mother stamps. HaKJieHTb MapKy. To stick JlK)6HMaH Maxb. One's beloved moth- a stamp. er, y Maxepn ^Boe êxen. The MAPT m. March mother has two children. B Mapxe HaHHHaeT TaaTL cner. In <> Po^HHa-Maxb. Mother country. or March the snow begins to thaw. MAXATb, Mamy, Mamemb, Marayx colloq. -emb, -lox imp. MACJIO neut., no pi. Maxalio, k o- M H e M?/p. MaxHJyxb, -y, -emb, 1. butter. CJiHBo^Hoe MacJio. But- y? -yx to to flap ter. XJieS c MacjioM. Bread and Wave, butter. Maxaxb njiaxKoM na npomaHbe. To wave good-bye with one's handker- 2. oil. IIoAcoJiHe^Hoe MacJio. Sun- flower-seed oil. chief. Maxaxb pyKon xoBapnmy. To wave one's hand to a friend. m., pi. MACTEP -a nxHn;a Mamex KpwJibHMH, The bird 1.: HacoBOH Macxep. A watchmaker. is flapping its wings. 2.: TypreneB — saMeHaxeJibUHn MAXHYTb see MAXATb MacTep nenaajKa. Turgenev is MAmflHA /. extremely skilful in portraying 1. machine, engine. IlapoBaH Ma- nature. mnna. A steam engine. CejibCKO- 3. foreman. Macxep b nexe. The X03flHcxBeHHafl Maraima. An foreman in a shop. agricultural machine. ElBenHafl 4. master. Macxep cnopxa. A rnas- Mamnna. A sewing machine. ter of sport. 2. motor-car. JlerKOBan Mamiina. <> Macxep na Bce pyKH. Jack-of- A passenger-car. FpysoBafl Ma- all-trades. mnna. A lorry. Exaxb na Mamri- MACTEPCK|AH /., gen. oh ne. To ride in a car. pe- 1. repair shop. MacxepcKan no MEBEJIb /., no pi. furniture MOHxy nacoB. A watch repair MarKan MeSeJib. Upholstered furni- shop. PaSoxaxb b MexannHecKOH ture. Kymixb noByio MeSeJib. To MacxepcKOH. To work at a ma- buy new furniture. chine shop. MEJi;AJIb /. medal 2. studio. MacxepcKafl xyAOJKHHKa. HarpaHtASTb MeâJibio. To award a An artist's studio. medal. OKomnxb mKOJiy c sojio- MATEMATHKA /., no pi. mathemat- xoH Me;;aJibio. To get a gold medal ics on leaving school. GnopxcMen BticmaH MaxeiviaxHKa. Higher mathe- aasoeBaJi Meâjib. The sportsman matics. 3K3aMeH no MaxeMaxHKe. won a medal. An examination in mathematics. MEfl;BE/Jb m. bear Hayqaxb MaxeMaxHKy. To study BeJiHH MCABeAb. A polar bear. mathematics. MEJ^Waj&UA /., no pi. medicine MATEPHAJI m. (science) 1. material. Maxepnaji j^jia ^Hccep- MEAHqflHCKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne med- xan;HH. Material for one's thesis. ical GoSnpaxb MaxepnajiM o jkh3hh Meflnn;HHCKHH HHCxnxyx, A medi- HseecxHoro nncaxeJifl. To col- cal institute. 5—4002 MEA 66 MEP

MEAJIEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -we; adv. MEHbinE MGAJieHHO slow 1. comp. of adj. MajieHbKHii small- MeAJicHHHH Bajibc. A slow waltz. er. Tboh KOMHaxa Meebme mo^h. FoBopHTb MGA'fieHHO. To Speak slow- Your room is smaller than ly. Pa6oTaTi> MGAJieHHO. To work mine. slowly. 2. comp. of adv. Majio less. Tu 3a- MEJKAy prep. + instr. between HHMaembCH M^Hbme, neM naAO. Me>KAy mKa(|)OM h nMCbMeHHWM You spend less time on your CTOJioM CTOHJio KpccJio. There was studies than you ought to. an armchair between the bookcase MEHbmHHCTBO neut. minority and the desk. 3to npoH3oniJi6 BojibmHHcxBo Ha coSpaHHH roJio- MCJKAY 1942 H 1945 roAOM. That coBajio «3a», MeHbmHHCXBo — «np6- happened between 1942 and 1945. xnB». The majority at the meeting Jâ sApaBCTByex Mnp ii APy?K6a voted for, and the minority voted MejKAY HapoAaMHl Long live peace against. and friendship between peoples! MEHfllTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch <> MewAy npoiHM. By the way. imp. MeacAy HaMH. Between ourselves. 1. qCM? C K e M? p. 05MeHflIXbCH, Me>KAy HaMH roBopa. Strictly be- -HDCb, -embCH, -IOXCH to exchange. tween you and me. MeHHXbCH MapKaMH c xoBa- MESKAyHAPOAHlblH, an, -oe, -ue pHmeM. To exchange postage international stamps with a friend. 05MeHflXb- MeHÂynapoAHLie OTHoraenHH. Inter- ^H MneHHHMH. To exchange opin- national relations. MejKAyHapoAHaH ions. oSciaHOBKa. The international situ- 2. p. H3MeHHXbCH, H3MeHK)Cb, HSMe- ation. mirabCH, H3MeHflxcH to change. MEJIKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne; adv. MeJiKo; rioroAa mchhcxch. The weather comp. MeJiLê is changing. Hacxpoenne mc- 1. small. MeJiKan pw6a. Small HHexcH, The mood is changing. fish. IIoroAa pesKO nsMennjiacb. The 2. small. MeJiKan Moneia. Small weather has changed sharply. change. MEPA /. 3. flat. MeJiKaa lapeJiKa. A flat 1. measure. Mepbi a-JIHhli. Measures plate. of length. MepH Beca. Measures 4. petty. MeJiKaa 6ypjKya3HH. Petty of weight. bourgeoisie. 2. usu. pi. measures. PemnxeJibHHe 5. narrow. MeJiime HHxepecti. Nar- Mepu. Decisive measures. Jlpn- row interests. HHXb MepLi. To take measures. 3xa 6. shallow. 3Aecb mcjiko. IVs Mepa ne noMorJia. This measure shallow here. didn't help. MEJIOH|b /., gen. pi. -m <> 3to HeHHTepecHO, ho no Kpaii- 1. no pi. change. B MarasMne Mne Hcii Mepe nojieano. This is not AaJiH CAaîy MeJio^bio. They gave interesting but at least it is me the change in small coins in the useful. shop. MEP3H|yTb, -y, -emb, -yx, past Mepa, 2. trifle. Oh aaHnMaeiCH KaKWMH- -Jia, -Jio, -JiH imp./p. 3aMep3Hlyxb, TO MeJioâMH. He is busy with -y, -emb, -yx, past 3aMep3, -Jia, some trifles. MeJiOHH >kh3Hh. -jio, -JIH to freeze The trifles of life. 3x0 mcjiohh. y MenH 3aMep3JiH pymi. My hands These are trifles. are frozen. 3hm6h h BcerAa Mepa- MEHEE adv. less Hy. / always feel cold in winter. KaxaxbCH na Jitiwax ne Meeee hh- MEPjHTb, -K», -nmb, -hx imp. q x o?/ xepecHo, qeM KaxaxbCH na KonbKax. p. noMepInxb, -lo, -nmb, -hx {or Skiing is no less interesting than npHMepnxb) to try on skating. Mepnxb KOCXiOM. To try on a suit. <> TeM He Menee. Nevertheless. IIoMepHxb xy(J)JiH. To try on shoes. MEP 67 MEin

M£PTB|bIII, -an, -oe, -He dead Mexpo? What's the way to the MepxBoe tcjio. A dead body. underground station? <> MepxBafl TnmHHa. Dead silence. MEX m., prepos. o Mexe & na Mexy; Cnaxb MepxBbiM chom. To sleep pi. -a fur like a log. JIhchh Mex. Fox fur. IlymHCXHH MECTHIWfl, -an, -oe, -He local Mex. Soft fur. MecTHHe o6HHaH. Local customs. MEXAHH3AI^HH /., no pi. mechani- MecTHHe minejin noKasajin xypnc- sation TaM jôpory. The local inhabitants Mexamisai^Hfl xpyâ. The mechani- showed the tourists the way. sation of labour. MexaHHsai^HH npo- MECT|0 neut., pi. -a, mcct, -aM, etc. n;eccoB nponsBoflCXBa. The mechani- 1. seat. 3to mccto cbo66;iho? sation of the production processes Is this seat vacant? 3x0 Mecxo MEXAHH3flP|0BATb, -yro, -yemb, saHflxo. This seat is taken. Vcxy- -yiox imp. & p. hxo? to mechanise DHXB Mecxo weHiDiHHe. To offer MexaHH3HpoBaxb xpy^. To mecha- one's seat to a woman. Bcxaxb c nise labour. MexanHanpoBaxb ceJib- Mecxa. To stand up. CKoe X03HHCXB0. To mechanise ag- 2. place, spot. JKHBonHCHoe Mecxo, riculture. A picturesque spot. MEXAHHK m. mechanic <> 3to ero 6ojibn6e Mecxo. This B iêxe paSoxaJi cxapHH MexannK. is his sore spot. An old mechanic worked in the shop. MECflli; m. month JleXHHK OHCHb JtpyjKHJI CO CBOHM SHMHHe MecHDiH. Winter months. MexaHHKOM. The flyer was on very 5 Mecflii;eB uadaji. 6 months ago. friendly terms with his mechanic. B KaKOM Mecfli];e bbi poAHJiiicb? In MEXAHflÊCKinn, -an, -oe, -ne which month were you born? 1. of mechanics. MexaniiHecKHe 3a- METAJIJI m. metal KOHbi. Laws of mechanics. êpHHe MexajiJiH. Ferrous metals. 2. mechanics. MexauMqecKHH â- I^BexHHe MexaJiJiH. Non-ferrous Kyjibxex. The mechanics depart- metals. ment. METAJlJIflHECKIHIl, -aH, -oe, -ne 3. mechanical. MexannqecKaH ciiJia. metal Mechanical strength. METAJIJiyprflHECKlHH, -aH,-oe,-He MEXOBlOfl, -an, -de, -Lie fur metallurgical MexoBoe naJibxo. A fur coat. Mexo- MexaJiJiyprHêcKHH saBOA. A metal- Ban mauKa. A fur cap. lurgical plant. MexaJiJiyprwHecKan MEMTA /., gen. pi. not used dream npoMbimjieHHOcxb. The metallurgi- Me^xLi 6yAyn];eM. Dreams of the cal industry. future. Menxbi o cnacxbe. Dreams happiness. MeHxa Been >kh3hh. WEsTOJl m. method of The dream one's whole j3,HaJieKXHHecKHH MexoA. The dia- of life. OcymecxBHXb cbok) Me^xy. To ac- lectical method. HpaBHJibHHH Mexo^. complish one's dream. Me^XH c6h- The correct method. IIpHMeHHXb h6- Jir'fCb. One's dreams have come true. BHe Mexo^H, To use new methods. MEHTA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. o IIoJibBOBaxbCH MexoÔM. To employ K 6 M? H e M? to dream a method. Me^xaxb o CHacxbe. To dream of METP m. metre happiness. Menxaxb o nyxemecx- KBaj^paxHHH MCxp. A square metre. BHHX. To dream about travelling. Mexp. cubic metre. KySHHecKHH A MEIHAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. k o- 5 MexpoB Maxepnajia. 5 metres of M y? H e M y? + i^f- I P- noMema|xb, material. -10, -erab, -lox to prevent, to hinder METPO neut., indecl. underground rail- Pa^Ho Memajio cxyênxy sauHMaxb- way CH. The radio prevented the student GxIhi^hh Mexpo. An underground from studying. station. Exaxb na Mexpo. To go by MEIIIIOK m., gen. -Ka sack the underground. KaK npoHxii k MemoK MyKH. A sack of flour. 5* MHJI 68 MHO

^ KynHTfa Koxa b MemKe (prov- AxoM AJIH MHpa. Atom for peace. erb). Cf. To buy a pig in a poke. Mnpy MHpl Peace to the world! MHJIMUHOHfiP m. militiaman 3aKJiK)HHXb MHp. To concludc peace. 06paTi'iTbCH K MHJiHi;HOHepy. To noAUHcaxb MHP To sign a peace ask a militiaman. treaty. MflJI|blQ, -an, -oe, -we, short form MflPHblft, an, oe, -ue adj. of MHpa MHJI, MHJia, MHJi|o, -u iiice 1. peace. Mnpnue oxHomeHHH. Peace- MiiJiafl AesyfflKa. A nice girl. Mii- ful relations. Jioe JiHqo. A nice face. 2. peace, peaceful. Mnpnoe BpeMH. <> C MHjiLiM pau u B majiame Peace time. Mhphhh xpy^. Peace- (proverb), Cf. Love in a cottage. ful labour. Mupnoe cxpoH- MflMO xejibcxBO. Peaceful construction. 1. adv. by. IIpoHTH mhmo. To pass by. 3.: Mhphlih ôroBop. A peace 2. prep. + gen. past. Uoesji npoexaJi treaty. MnpHHe neperoBopu. MIIMO CTaHn,HH H HC OCTaHOBIIJICH, Peace talks. The train went past the station MHPOB|0fl, -an, -6e, -tie adj. of without stopping. MHPi MHHHCTEPCTBO neut. ministry MHpoBafl BOHHa. World War. Mh- MHHHCiepcTBo 4>HHaHC0B. The Min- poBoH pwHOK. World market. Mh- istry of Finance. MnniicTepcTBO poBSH cJiaBa. World fame. IlHca- HHOCxpaHHtix jêji. The Ministry of xejib c MHpoBMM HMCHeM. A world- Foreign Affairs. famous writer. MHHflCTP m. minister MHPOJIIOBflBILlH, -an, -oe, -we peace- BoeHHtiH MnHHCxp. The War Min- ful' ister. Mhhhctp (|)HHaHCOB. The MnpojiiooiiBafl nojiHXHKa. Peaceful Minister for Finance. Mhhhctp policy. MnpojnoGiiBHe napoAM- Peace- Bucmero o6pa30BaHHH. The Minis- loving nations. ter of Higher Education. IlpeMbep- MtlTHHr m. meeting, rally MHHHCip. The Prime Minister. Co- MwTHHr npoxecxa. A meeting of Bex MHHHCxpoB. The Council of protest. MtixHHr b noAAepJKKy... A Ministers. npeAccAaxejib coBexa mh- rally in support of... Mhxhhf b aa- HHCxpoB. The Chairman of the Coun- miixy Koro/îero-JiHSo. A meeting

cil of Ministers. in defence of somebody I something. MHHytA /. minute BbicxyHHXb Ha MnxHHre c pe^bio. niecTbjiecHX MHHVX. Sixty minutes. To make a speech at a meeting. GeH^ac HexHpe MHHyxH Bxopoio. MJIAflmiHn, -an, ee, -ne younger It is four minutes past one. Genqac MJiaATUHH 6paT. A younger (the 6e3 j^ecHXii Mnnyx ;i;Ba. It is ten youngest) brother. MJiaamafl cecxpa. minutes to two. A younger sister. <> IIpuxoAHTe K HaM B CBo66aHyio MHEHHE neut. opinion MoeyTy. Come and see us any time CaMOcxoffxeJibHoe Mnenue. An inde- you can. Cmo MHHyTy. Just a pendent opinion. Flo .MOCMy wne minute. HHK). In my opinion. BbiCKasaxb MHPi m. MHeHHe. To give an opinion Paa- 1. no pi. universe. TeopHH o npo- Aejifixb qbe-JiH6o MHenne. To share HCXojKAeHHH MPipa. /4 theory on somebody's opinion. 06MeHflXbCH the origin of the universe. MHeHHHMH. To exchange opinions. 2. world, ^pyrae Mnpw. Other Bbixb BbicoKoro (neBHCOKoro, xo- worlds. pomero, nJioxoro) MHennn o hcjio- 3. no pi. world. Oh o6'i>e3AHJi Becb B^Ke (o KHHre). To think highly MHp. He travelled all over the {not much, much, bad) of a man world. riepBHH B MHpe. The first (of a book). in the world. Becb MHp. The MHOrnE whole world. 1. followed by n. in pi. many. MHorHO MHP2 m., no pi. peace cxpaHH. Many countries. BoHHa H MHp. War and peace. 2. used as n. many. MHorne aaHHMa- MHO MOP

K)TCH cnopTOM. Many people go in MOJIO^EHCHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He youth for sport. MoJiOAejKHHH Benep An evening- MHOrO adv., comp. 66jibine (q. v.) party for young people. MoJiOAeH«- 1. a lot. Mnoro pa66TaTb. To work nan dpHra^a. Youth team.

a lot. MOJlOJ^mh /., no pi. youth • 2. many, much, a lot. Mnoro Jiio- MOJIOÎED;, pi. -HM used as pred. flefi. Many people. Mnoro neHer. fine boy/girl Much money. Mnoro fleJia A lot Ona y nac MOJiOAenI She is a fine of things to do. Mnoro napoAa. girl.' A lot of people. MOJlOmOH, -an, -oe, -tie, short form MHOrOE a lot MOJiOA, MOJiOfl;a, m6jioa|o, -h Mne em;e Mnoroe naô czt^Jiaxb. 1. young. MojioôH qejioBeK. A I've still got a lot of things to do. young man. On oienb mojio^. He is very young. MOrflJIA /. grave 2. young, new. xMojioôe êpcBO. A MOryH|Hfl, -an, -ee, -ne mighty, young tree. Mojioaoh KapxoêJib. powerful New potatoes. Moryqan crpana. A mighty country, MOJIOÔCTb /., no pi. youth Moryqan pena. A mighty river. GHacxjiiiBafl MoJioôcxb. A happy Moryqan apMHH. A mighty army. youth. B MOJiOAOCxn on xopomo MoryHHH roJioc. A powerful voice. neJi. He sang well in his youth. M05KET BblTb maybe, perhaps MOJTOKO neut., no pi. milk MoJKeT 6litb, h npncAy ceroAna. CBmee mojioko. Fresh milk. Khuh- / may come today. MomeT 6LiTb, sto Henoe mojioko. Boiled milk. Cry- H laK. Perhaps, that is so. mennoe mojioko. Condensed milk. M05KH0 K M y? + inf. K6(|)e c MOJiOKOM. Coffee and milk. 1. it is possible, can. 3to m6>kho Kama na mojioko. Milk cereal pudd- caeJiaTb 3a xpn ahh. This can be ing. GxaKan MOJiOKa. A glass of milk. done in three days. MOJIOHHIblH [-mn-l, -an, -oe, -ne 2. may. MoJKno bshtb Kniiry? May milk I take the book? Moh^ho bohth? PvloJioûHH cyn. Milk soup. Mojioh- May I come in? BojibnoMy mojk- nan Kama. Milk cereal pudding.

no ryjiHTb TOJibKO fl,Ba qaca. The MojioHHBie upojiyKThi. Dairy produce. sick man is allowed to walk only MOJIHA adv. in silence two hours. Oh AOJiro MoJina cMoxpeJi na nero. M03r m., no pi. He looked at him for a long time FojiOBHoH M03r. The brain. Cnnn- in silence. HOH M03r, The spinal cord. MOJIH|ATb, -y, -limb, -ax imp. to MOfl, MOH, Moe, MOH pron. my mine keep silent Moh flOM. My house. Moh ccMbfi. Oh MOJiHaji BCK) ^opory. He kept My family. Moe naJibxo. My coat. silent all the way. Mon ApysbH. My friends. 3x0 Moe. MOMEHT m. moment It's mine. yfloSnHH MOMenx. A convenient MOKPIMA, -an, -oe, He, short form moment. B 3X0X MOMenx. At that MOKp, MOKpa, MOKpIo, -w; adv. moment. MOKpo wet MOH ETA /. coin MoKpan ojiemjia. Wet clothes. Mok- Bojioxan Monexa. A gold coin. Gxa- pHe KpwmH. Wet roofs. Bijxepexb pijnnaH Monexa. An old coin. MOKpbie pyKH. To dry one's wet <>MejiKafl MOHexa. Small change.

hands. / predic. impers. Ha yjiHue MOPjE neut., pi. -n sea MOKpo. It is wet outside. Exaxb MopeM. To go by sea. Ox^h-

MOJIHHH /. lightning xaxb na Mope. To rest at the sea- HpKan MOJIHHH. A bright lightning. side. Hepnoe Mope. The Black Sea. CsepKHyjia m6jihhh. Lightning CpejiHseMHoe Mope. The Mediter- flashed. Mojihhh y^apajia b ^om. ranean Sea. /fig. Mope rojioe. A sea The house was struck by lightning. of heads. MOP 70 MBIJI

MOP05KEHOE neut., no pi. ice-cream MyAPHH HOJiOB^K. A wise man. CJiHBOHHoe, moKOJiaAHoe, opexoBoe, MyAPoe pem^HHO. A wise decision. ^pyKTOBoe MopoJKeHoe. Cream, Oh nocxynHJi MyAPO. He acted chocolate, nut, fruit ice-cream. wisely. MOP03 m. frost MYHC m., pi. uymhn, My>KeH, MywbHM BCK) 3HMy CTOHJIH CHJIbHiie MOpO- husband 3U. There were severe frosts the BHHMaxejibHHH My?K. An attentive whole winter. CeroAHH 10 rp^AycoB husband. 3a66xJiHBHH MyjK. A solici- Mopoaa. It is 10 degrees below zero tous husband. JlK)6Hm;HH MyjK. A today. loving husband. MOPCK|Ofl, -an, -6e, -lie MS^HCECTBEHHIMfl, -an, oe, -He, 1. sea. MopcKaH Bo^a. Sea water. short form My?KecxBeH, My>KecxBeH- MopcKOH 6eper. Seashore. Mop- Hja, -0, -bi; adv. MyHtecxBCHHO cou- CKOH BosAyx. Sea air. MopcKoii rageous Bexep. Sea breeze. MyjKecxBeHHHH neJiOBeK. A cou- 2. sea, marine, MopcKofi (|)Jiot. The rageous man. MyHtecxBeHHHH nocx}'- Marine. MopcKoe nyxemecTBiie. noK. A courageous action. A voyage. MySKECTBO neut., no pi. courage <> MopcKaH 6ojie3Hb. Sea-sickness. npoHBHXb My;KecxBo. To show cour- MOPHK m., gen. -a sailor age. IlMexb MyjKecxBO roBopiixb MojiofloH MopflK. A young sailor. np^BAy. To have the courage to MOCT m., prepos. o Mocxe & Ha moc- speak the truth. xy; pi. MOCXH bridge MyaCCKlOfl, -an, -oe, -iie men's Mocx Hepea peKy. A bridge across My>KCKafl OACJKAa. Men's clothes. a river. }Kejie3HOAop6>KHLiH mocx. MyjKCKan 66yBb. Men's footwear. A railway bridge. Gxohxl Ha mocxv. MYSKHflHA m. man To stand on the bridge. IlqjKHJioii My?KHHHa. An elderly man. MOTOP m. engine JViySEfl m. museum Moxop pa66xaex xopomo. The engine OcMaxpnBaxb Myaen. To see a mu- works well. seum.

MOTOI^flKJl m. motor-cycle M^SblKA /., no pi. music Exaxb Ha Moxoi^iiKJie. To ride on GHM(|)OHHHecKaH MyaHKa. Symphon- a motor-cycle. ic music. JlerKan MysHKa. Light MOHb, Mory, MOH^emb, Moryx, past music. MyaHKa k KHHO(|)HJibMy. Mor, -Jia, -Jio, -JiiT, no imper.; imp. Music to a film. Go^HHHXb (hh-

+ inf. I p. CMO'ib, CMory, cMOJKemb, caxb) MyaHKy. To compose (write) CMoryx, past cMor, -Jia, -Jio, -jih music. 1. to be able, can. Tw cMomerab MySblKAJIBHlblfl, -an, -oe, -hb, npHHXH ceroflHfl ko mhc? Can short form MyaHKaJien, My3HKajib- you come and see me today? H|a, -0, -H 2. to be allowed, may. BojibHoii 1. music(al). MyaHKaJibHaa mKOJia. yjKe Mowex xoAHXb. The patient A music school. MyaHKajibHHG is already allowed to walk. HHCxpyMCHXH. Musical instru- MOmHIHfl, -an, -oe, -He powerful ments. MyabiKaJibHHH Beiep. A MomHMH MOXop. A powerful engine. musical evening. Momnafl AeMOHCxpan;Hfl. A power- 2. musical. MyaHKaJibHHH peCenoK. ful demonstration. A musical child. MPAHH|bIfl, -aa, -oe, -He gloomy MS^XA /. fly MpaqHHH HeJioBGK. A gloomy man. MH|ATbCH, -ycb, -nmbCH, -axcH imp. MpaqHoe JiHn;6. A gloomy face. to rush, to dash MpaHHoe Hacxpoenne. A dismal JIomaAb MHiixcH. The horse is rush- mood. MpaHHHe mhcjih. Sombre i^S- If^S- BpeMfl MHHXCH. Time thoughts. flies. M^/^PIblfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form Mbl pron., gen., ace. Hac, dat. HaM, MyAp, MyApa, My^plo, -h; adv. instr. HaMH, prepos. o Hac we MyAPo wise MlilJIO neut., no pi. soap MbIC 71 HAB

MbICJib /. thought, idea 2. in, at HHTepecHan mhcjii>. An interesting Ha saBOAe at the works; na pa- idea. FjiySoKaH mhcjib. A profound 66x6 at work; na ypoKe at the thought. OparnHajibHaH meicjib. An lesson; na KaBKaae in the Cau- original idea. Mne b roJiOBy npn- casus; na CeBepe in the North; mJia MHCJiB. An idea occurred to Ha coSpaHHH at a meeting; me. y Hero MejibKHyjia mhcjib. An 3. by idea flashed across his mind. exaxb Ha aBx66yce, na napoxo^e MblTb, m6|k), -emb, -iot; imper. moh! to go by bus, by ship;

imp. K r 6? h t o? h e m? / p. bm- 4.: na npomJiOH HeêJie, na axoH MHTb, BWMO|K), -emb, -IOT to wash HeêJie last week, this week MbiTb pyKH. To wash one's hands. <> KHHra Ha (|)paHHy3CK0M aabine. Mhtb noji. To wash the floor. MHTb A book in French. peSeHKa TenjiOH bo/i;6h. To wash a II. -|- ace. child with warm water. MbiTb nocy- 1. on ay mexKOH. To wash the dishes noJiOHtnxb Ha ctoji to put on with a brush. the table; noBecHXb na cxeny to MI>ITbCH, Moliocb, -embCH, -iotch hang on the wall; imp. I p. BHMHTbCH, BHMO|lOCb, -emb- 2.to CH, -lOTCfl to wash Ha aaBoA to the works; na pa56- MbiTbCfl B Banne. To have a hath. xy to work; na ypoK to the les- MbiTbCH noA ^ymeM. To take a son; Ha KaBKas to the Caucasus; shower. MMTbCH mhjiom. To wash Ha Cesep to the North; na co- with soap. 6paHHe to a meeting; MilrKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne [-xk-], short 3. on form MaroK, MarKa, mhfkIo, -h; caAHXbca Ha anxoSyc, na napo- adv. MflrKO; comp. MHrne XOA to get on a bus, to board a 1. soft. MftrKaH no^ymKa. A soft ship; pillow. MnrKHe bojiocw. Soft hair. 4.: Ha xpexHH jêRh on the third day. MarKHH xjie6. Soft bread. Ha ;i;pyr6H ênb the next day. | predic. impers. Ha AHBane 6biJio Ha HoBMH TOjx on the New MHFKO cnaTb. The divan was soft Year's Day; to sleep on. 5. for 2. fig. mild. MarKHH KJiMMax. A mild Oh yexaji na neAeJiio. He left climate. MarKHH xapaKxep. A for a week. mild temper. 6. not translated. Oh cxapme Mena <> MflrKdH Me5ejib. Soft (uphol- Ha 5 Jiex. He is 5 years older stered) furniture. MarKHH saroH. than I. 3xox kocxiom jsôpome A soft-seated railway carriage. Ha 10 pySjieH. This suit is 10 MHCHlOfl, -aa, -6e, -bie meat roubles dearer. MacHue npofl;yKTH. Meat products. <> nepeeecTH na 4>P^Hi^y3CKHH MacHOH cyn. Meat soup. HSbTK. To translate into French. MflCO neut., no pi. meat HABJIH)AA|Tb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. IlHpojKKH c MHCOM. Meat pies. H T 0? 3 a H e M? to observe, to MRH m., gen. -a ball watch OyxSdjibHHH Maq. A football. Bo- Ha6Jii0AaTb sa ABHjKeHHCM njianex. JieH66JibHbiH Maq. A volleyball. To observe the movement of planets. Mh Ha6jiK)AaJiH, nan 3axofl;iijio H, H cojiHHie. We watched the sun set- HA prep. ting. I. + prepos. HABEPHO(E) paren. word probably 1. Qn HaBepHoe, oh ceroAHH ne npHêx. JiOKaxb Ha cxojie to lie {to be) on He will probably not come today. the table; BHcexb na cxeae to hang Tu noHAemb b Myaen? — H ne on the wall; nncaxb na 6yMare 3HaK) TO^HO, HO, HaBCpHO, HOH^y. to write on paper; ''Will you go to the museum?" HAB 72 HA3

"/ don^t know for sure, but probably 1. to put on. HaAesaxb najibxo, I shall." fflJiany, nepnaxKH, map$. To HABEPX adv. Kysa? upward, up- put on an overcoat, a hat, gloves, stairs a scarf. HaAexb naJibxo na pe- Mh noAHHJiHCB HaBepx, Ha dhthh 6eHKa. To put a coat on a child. axaw. We went up to the fourth 2. to put on. HaAexb ohkii. To put floor. on one's spectacles.

HABEPXS" adv. r fl e? above, upstairs HAA^HCAA /. hope Mh cjiumaJiH, KaK b KOMHaie na- Bojibmne naAewAM. Great expecta- Bepxy rpoMKO neJiH, a dotom nations. qaJiH xaHUGBaTB. We heard people see in the room upstairs sing loudly HAA^Tb HAÊBATb and then begin dancing. HAÊlflTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch imp. HABECTfiTb see HABEin[ATb 1. Ha 4x6? or -{- inf. to hope. HABEmA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. HaAenxbcH na ycnex, na no6eAy. K o r 6? q T 0? / p. naBelcTHTB, -my, To hope success, -CT^mb, -CTHT to visit for for vic- HaBeCTHTb GoJibHoro TOBapnma. To tory. H. HaAeiocb yBiiAexb xe6H aaBxpa. / hope to see visit a sick friend. you tomorrow. HABCErjÂ adv. for ever 2. to hope, fl HaAeiocb na xo, hxo H ye3>Kaio h3 3Toro r6pofl;a uaBcer- âBxpa noroAa 6yAex Jiynme. ;â. / am leaving this city for good. / hope the weather will be better HABCTPE^y adv. & prep. + dat. to tomorrow. meet one, in the opposite direction Sua K r 6? h a h x 6? to rely. Bexep j^yji naBCTpeiy. The wind HaAeflXbCH na APyra. To rely blew in our faces. HaBCTpeqy saM on one's friend. HaAeaxbCfl na meji HeJiOBGK. man was ap- A KOJiJieKXHB. To rely, on the collec- proaching us. tive. HAFPAÂ /. award HAJIO KOMy? qeMy? m/. it is BiicoKaa + Harpaâ. A high award. necessary, must IIoJiyqwTb uarpaAy. To receive an Te6e uaAO Muoro aaHHMaxbCH. You award. must study a lot. Mne HaAO 6hjio HAPPAAflTb see HArPAmflATb Bqepa BCxaxb b 7 nacoB. / had to -K), -emb. -k)t imp. HAPPAHCJIAlTb, get up at 7 o'clock yesterday. K o r 6? q T 0? q e M? a a h t 6?/p. HAJÔEJÂlTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. Harpal^wTb, -jKy, -fl;Hmb, -^ht to award KOMy? HGMy? & -j- inf. I p. Ha- Aoecxb, HaAoeM, naAoemb, HaAoecx, HarpaAHTb opAenoM aa noABHr. To HaAoeAHM, HaAoeAHTe, naAoeAflx, award an order for a feat. past HaAoeJi, -a, -o, -h to be bored, HAPPETb see FPETb, 4 to be tired (of) HAA (HAAO) prep. + instr. 3x0 MHe HaAoeJio. / am tired of 1. over. HaA ctojiom bhcht JiaMna. this. HaM HaAoeJia njioxan noroAa- A light hangs over the table. are tired the bad weather. IlTHi^bi jieiaiOT HaA MopeM. The We of Mne naAoejio roBopnxb o6 9tom. / birds are flying over the sea. am tired speaking about that. Mhg 2. above, over. HaAO mhoh myMtiT of HaAoeJio HHHero He AeJiaxb. / am AepeBO. A tree is rustling above bored with doing nothing. me. Mh ctohjih na bhcokom 6e- pery, uaA peKoa. We were stand- HAAOECTb see HAAOEÂXb ing on the high bank, over the river. HA3AA adv. 3. at. PaCoxaTb naA AOKJiaAOM. To 1. KyA^? back. Hahxg HasaA- Go work at a report. back. H HOCMOxp^Ji HaaaA- / HAJÊBAITb, -K), -emb, -h)t imp. looked back. HTO? Ha K r 6? h a ^t6?/ 2. aô. Mh npnexajin 3 MecHua Ha- p. HaAelxb, -Hy, -nemb, -Hyx SEA- We arrived 3 months ago. ,

HA3 73 HAJI

9to 6hjio MHoro jigt TOMy Ha- HAKAHYHE 3aA. That was many years ago. 1. adv. the day before. HaKaHyne 6mjih khho. were at HA3BAHHE neut. name, title MH b We HasBaHHe poMana, KHiirn, khho- the cinema the day before. 2. prep, gen. on the eve. HaKa- ^HJibMa. The name of a novel, book, -f- nyne HoBOro roAa. On New film. Year's eve. HaKanyne npaa^HH- HA3BATb see HA3HBATb Ka, flHH pojKAeHHH. On the eve HA3HAHA|Tb, -lo, -emb,^ -iot imp. of the holiday, on the eve of e o r q T o? K M y? q M y? II K 6? one's birthday. q T 0? K e M? q e M? / jD. HaaHaqJHTb, HAKJIOHflTbCH see HAKJIOHilTb- -y, -Hfflfa, -ax CH 1. to fix. HaanaqaTb CBHAaHHe. To HAKJIOHillTbCH, -locb, -embra, make an appointment. HasHaqnxb -MXCH imp. I p. HaKJIOHMXbCH, ua- co6paHHe na 6 qacoB. To fix KJIOHIOCb, HaKJiOHHmbCH, HaKJIQ- the meeting for 6 o'clock. Hflxcfl to bend 2. to appoint. HaanaqHTb kofo-jih- Maxb HaKJioHHJiacb Ha^ peSeuKOM. 6o fl;HpeKTopoM. To appoint some- The mother bent over her child. body director. HAKOHEp; adv. at last 3. to prescribe. HasnaqHTb 6ojib- HaKonen; oh npnmeji. At last he HOMy JieKapcTBO. To prescribe has come. medicine for a patient. HAKOPMflTb see KOPMflTb HA3HAHHTb see HA3HAqATb HAKPbIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. q X 0? q e M? /?. HaKpwxb, HaKpolK), HA3bIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. / -emb, -lox to cover K r 6? q T 0? / jo. HasBaxb, HasoBJy cover -emb, -yx HaKpHXb cxoJi CKaxepxbio. To the table with a table-cloth. 1. to name. HaaoBHxe pyccKHX nn- -embCH, caxeJien, KoxopHx bh anaexe. HAKPblBAjTbCH, -locb, imp. naKptixbcH, Name the Russian writers you -lOxcH êu? / p. -ioxch cover know. HaaoBHxe 6oJibmHe ropo;i,a HaKp6|K)Cb, -embCH, to Bamen cxpaHH. Name the large oneself OAenJiOM. To cover cities of your country. HaKpHBaxbCH oneself with a blanket. HaKpuBaxbCH 2. to name. Ee nasBajiH KaxH (Ka- with a xew). She was named Katya. nJianôM. To cover oneself raincoat. HA3bIBA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. rare- HAKPb'ITb see HAKPblBATb ly used, 3rd pers. -excfl, -loxcfl HAKPb'ITbCH see HAKPblBATbCH to be called HAJIEBO adv. KaK Ha3HBaexcfl Sxa yjiHn;a? What 1. Kyâ? to the left. IIohxh, no- is the name of this street? KaK na- exaxb, noBepnyxb naJieBO. To go, BHBaexcfl 3X0X KHHOxeaxp? What to drive, to turn to the left. is the name of this cinema? 2. rê? on, at, to the left {cf. HAH3^CTb adv. by heart CJIEBA). HaJieBO ox namero flOMa Bnaxb nanaycxb. To know by heart. naxoAHXCH MaraanH. To the left yqnxb HanaycxB. To learn by heart. of our house is a shop. HAflTfl see HAXOAflTb & HCKATb HAJIHBAjTb, -TO, -emb, -lox q x o? HAKA3ATb see HAKA3bIBATb (q e r 6?) k o m y? k y a a? imp./ HAKA3bIBA|Tb, -k), -emb, -lox imp. p. HaJiHXb, naJib|i6, -emb, -lox; imper. K r 6? q X o? a a q x o?//*. naKa- HaJieH, past najiHJi, naJiHJia, najin- aaxb, HaKajKy, naKaJKemb, iiaKajKyx Ji|o, -H to pour out to punish HaJiHBaxb rocxK) qaio. To pour out HaKaaaxb peSenKa aa hjioxoh no- tea for the guest. HaJiiixb boabi b cxynoK. To punish a child for mis- rpa|)HH. To fill a carafe with water. behaviour. HaKaaaxb qeJiOBeKa aa HAJIflTb see HAJlHBATb npecxynjienne. To punish a person HAJlOr m. tax \ for committing a crime. Bhcokhb naJioFH. High taxes. HAO 74 HAP

IIOAOXOAHHH HaJior. Income tax. HAHPABJlHlTbCH, -locb, -embCH, IIJiaTHTB naJior. To pay a tax. -lOXCH imp. K KOMV? Kyfl;a?/ HAOBOPOT adv. p. HanpalBHXbCH, -BJIIOCb, -BHmbCH, -BHXCH 1. the other way round. Oh Bcerj3;a to go Bce ;êJIaJI naoSopox. He always HanpaBJifixbCfl na lor. To go to the did everything the other way round. south. HanpaBHXbCH k ApysbHM, 2. on the contrary. Ona ne 3a- snaKOMLiM. To go to see one's friends, CMeflJiacb, a, naoGopoT, aanjia- acquaintances. Oh nanpaBHJica k KaJia. She did not laugh, on the ABepH. He made for the door. contrary, she began crying. HAHPABO adv. 1. Kyâ? to the right. ABxoSyc HAIIAJÂ|Tb, -K), -euib, -iot imp. iia HOBepnyji nan pa bo. The bus K r 6? Ha 11 T 0?//). nanacxB, na- turned to the right. naAly, -enib, -yx, past nanaji, -a, -o, 2. rêPôn, at, to the right -H to attack {of. CnPABA). HanpaBo — mocx, Tiirpu HanaAaiox na qeJiOBena. Ti- HaJieBO — ca^. On the right there gers attack people. is a bridge, on the left, a garden. HAHACTb see HAHAAATb HanpaBO ox BOKsaJia — SoJibmaa HAnEHATATb see nEHATATb rocxHHHita. There is a large ho- HAnilCATb see HHCATb tel to the right of the railway HAnOMHHAITb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. station. K o M y? u X 0? or o k 6 m? o HAIIPi^tHO adv. wrongly, in vain 4 e M? / p. nanoMHliixb, -lo, -irnib, -hx Tm HanpacHO xaK nocxynaemb. You 1. to remind. Oh HanoMHHJi MHe are wrong in doing that. Oh na- o HaniHX npeHCHHx Bcxpeâx. npacHo oS-LHCHflji en oScxanoBKy: He reminded me of our past OHa HHHero ne xoxeJia noHHMaxb, meetings. He tried in vain to explain the sit- 2. K r 6? to remind. Oh nanoM- uation to her: she would not listen HHJi MHe o;];Hor6 MejioBena. He to anything. reminded me of a certain person. HAIIPHMEP paren. word for example HAnOMHHTb see HAllOMHHATb GJioBa cpeAHero poâ b pyccKOM HAHPABHTb see HAHPABJlHTb HSMKe HMeiOX OKOHHaHHH -0 H -e. HanpHMep, okho h Mope. Russian HAHPABHTbCH see HAHPABJIilTb- CH words of the neuter gender have the ending -o or -e. For example: IIAnPABJIEHHE neut. OKHO and Mope. 1. direction. HanpaBJiemie ;];BHjKe- HAnPOTHB HHH. The direction of a move- 1. adv. opposite. MarasMH Hax6;i;HX- ment. rioesAa HAyx b pasHMX Cfl nanpoxHB. The shop is op- HanpaBJieHHHX. The trains are go- posite. ing in different directions. 2. prep, -\-gen. opposite. HanpoxHB 2. school. JiHxepaxypHoe nanpaBJie- o5me>KHXHfl Hax6j];HXCfl SojibmoH HHe. A literary school. HanpaB- MarasHH. Opposite the hostel is a JieHHe B MysLiKe, b jkhbohhch. large shop. A school of music, painting. HAOPHHCEHHE neut., no pi. <> no HanpaBJieHiiH) k... In the 1. straining. HanpHHêHne Bcex chji. direction of... A straining of all one's efforts. IIAnPABJlH|Tb, -10, -emb,^ -lox imp. 2. tension. Tok BMcoKoro nanpn- Koro? Hxo? K KOMy?Kyji;a?/ HteHHH. High tension current, p. Hanpa|BHXb, -BJIIO, -BHfflb, -BflX fig. MemAynapoAHoe HanpHwe- to send HHe. International tension. /lloKxop HanpaBHJi mchh b canaxo- HAPHCOBATb see PHCOBAXb pHH. The doctor sent me to a sana- HAPOA m. torium. MeHH HanpaBHJiH k Bpany. 1. people, nation. PyccKHH HapoA. / was sent to a doctor. HanpaBHXb The Russian people. HapoAU na pa66xy. To send to work. MHpa. The peoples of the world. HAP 75 HAy

2. only sing, people. Mnoro napoAa nacMopK. / have a cold in the head. lot (napoAy). ^ ^ of people. JleKapcxBo ox naCMopKa. A medi- MnxepecH napoAa. The interests cine for a cold in the head. of the people. HpocTOH napoA- HACTOnHHBIblfl, -an, -oe, -bie, short Ordinary people. form HacxoHHHB, -a, -o, -h; adv. HAPO^HIblfl, -an, oe, -me HacxoHHHBo persistent 1. folk. HapoAHoe hckvcctbo. Folk HacxoHinBLiH neJiOBeK. A persis- art. HapoflHbie necHH. Folk songs. tent person. HacxoHHnBUH xapaK- 2. national. HapoAHoe xo3hhctbo. xep. A persistent character. Hacxdn- National economy. Hapo^Hoe o5- îHBaH np6cb6a. A pressing request. pasoBaHHe. Public education. CxyAenx HacxonnnBo sannMajicH. 3. people's. HapoAHbiii apincT The student studied persistently CCCP. A People's Artist of the HACTOJIbKO adv. so USSR. HapoAHMH xyA6}KHHK Oh HacxoJibKO rJiyn, hxo nnnero CCCP. A People's Artist of the He MOJKex noHflxb. He is so stupid USSR (graphic art). HapoAHbifi that he doesn't understand anything. cyA. People's court. HACTOJIbHlblH, -an, -oe, -He HAPOHHO adv. on purpose 1. table, desk. HacxoJibHan JiaMna. Tm cfleJiaJi 3T0 napoHHo hjih cjiy- A desk lamp. HacxoJibHmn Ka- HaHHO? Did you do it on purpose Jienâpb. A desk calendar. Ha- or by accident? cxoJibHbie rirpw. Table games. HAPyinAlTb, -10, -emb, -kdt imp. 2. fig.: HacxoJibHaH Kmira. A hand- q T o?/p. HapymJHTb, -y, -ninb, -ax book. 1. to break, to violate. Hapymnxb HACTOilimHH, -an, -ee, -ne real noKOH. To break the peace. Ha- HacxoHm;ee soJioxo. Real gold. Ha- pyniHXb xHniHHy, To break the cxoHmaH JiioSoBb. True love. silence. Hapymnxb nopHÔK. To <> B nacTOflmee epeMH. At pres- break the peace. Hapymnxb rpa- ent. Hiiny. To violate the border. Ha- HACTPOEHHE neut. pymnxb AoroBop. To violate a 1. mood, y MeHH ceroAHH njioxoe treaty. Hacxpoenne. / am in a bad mood 2. to break. Hapymnxb cjiobo. To today.

break one's word. 2. -(- inf ., usu. in negative sentences. HAPyniHTb see HAPyniATB y MeH^ Hex HacxpoeHHH pac- HAPU^HlblH, -an, -oe, -we CKasbiBaxb. / am not in a 1. well-dressed. HapH^HaH aeBym- talking mood. Ka. A well-dressed girl. HACXynAlTbi, 1st & 2nd pers. not 2. smart. HapH^Hoe njiaxbe. A used, 3rd pers. -ex, -lox imp./ smart dress. p. Hacxynnxb, 1st & 2nd pers. not HACEJIEHHE neut., no pi. population used, 3rd pers. Hacxynnx, iiacx}'^- HaceJienne cxpaHbi. The population HHx to come of a country. Hacejienne ropo^a. HacxyuHJio yxpo. Morning came. The population of a city. Mitpnoe HACTyilAlTb2, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Hacejiemie. Civilian population. Ha Koro? Ha qxo?//?. nacxy- HACKBOSb adi;. through HMXb, nacxynJiK), nacxynnmb, Ha- HpoMOKHyxb HacKBOsb. To get wet cxynnx through. 1. to tread. Hacxynnxb qejioBeKy HACKOJIbKO adv. how much Ha Hory. To tread on a person's HacKoJibKo 9X0 pemenne Jiyqme foot. npeJKHeroI How much better this 2. imp. only to be on the offensive. decision is than the old one! ApMUfl Hacxynaex. The army is HACMOPK m., no pi. a cold in the on the offensive. head HACXynflTb see HACTyHATbi & CnJibHMH HacMopK. A bad cold in HACXynATb^, 1. the head. JlerKHH HacMopK. A HA^KA /. science slight cold in the head. Y mchh 3aHHMaxbCfl nayKon. To be a HAy 76 HEA

scientist. EcTecTBeHHtie nayKH. -emb, -yx, past Hanair, nanajia, na- Natural sciences. ryMaHHxapHLie najilo, -H HayKH. Humanities. Hannnaxb ypoK. To begin a lesson. HAYHflTb see yHflTb, 2 Haâxb peHb. To begin a speech. HAYHflTbCfl see yHflTbCH Haqaxb pa66xaxb. To begin work- HA'^HHlLlfl, -aH, -oe, -ue scientific ing. HaHHHaxb yqnxbCH. To begin going to HayiHaH pa66Ta. Scientific work. school, to begin studying. | HayHHuii pa66THHK. A research HAMHHA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not 1 worker. HayHHwe xpyAH. Scientific used, 3rd pers. -excfl, -ioxch imp./ works. HayqHan CnCJiHOTeKa. A p. HanaxbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not scientific library. HayHHoe CTyêH- used, 3rd pers. na^Hexcfl, Haqnyx- HecKoe 66mecTBo. A students' CH, past HanaJicH, Hanajilacb, -ocb, scientific society. -picb to begin 3aBxpa Ha^HHaexcH hobwh yqe6HbiH HAXOJl,flTb, HaxoHty, HaxoAumb, na- roA. The new school (academic) year xoflHT imp. K r 6? h t o?/jo. nan- begins tomorrow. * TH, HaHflly, -einb, -yr, past nameji, HAin, -a, -e, -h pron. our, ours Hamji|a, -6, -h to find HE particle not HaiiTH HyjKHyK) Bemb. To find the Oh He yMeex roBopnxb no-pyccKH. thing needed. HaHTW hobmh Mexoji He cannot speak Russian. 3xo He paSoTbi. To find a new method of cxoJi. This is not a table. He work. HaxoflHTb paôcTb b MysbiKe. 3x0 oêtfh HHxepecHbiii (|)KJibM. This is To find pleasure in music. not a very interesting film. 3x0 He <> MecTa ce6e ne Haxo^HTb. To njioxo, a xopomo. This is not bad, fret. He HaxOAHTb cjiob. Words it is good. Ero He 6biJio AOMa. He fail one. was not at home. naxojKycb, naxoAHrab- HAXO^flTbCH, HEBO neut., pi. HeSeca, He5ec. He6e- CH, imp. naxoAHTCH to be (situated) caM, etc. sky BoJibraoH Teaip naxoAHTCH b n;eHT- FoJiySoe He6o. A blue sky. Becen- pe MocKBbi. The Bolshoi Theatre Hee He6o. A spring sky. is in the centre Moscow. of <0> HonacTb naJibu,eM b iie6o Cf. HAUiHOHAJIbHOCTb /. nationality To find a mare's nest. Kto bli no HamionajibHocTH? What HEBECTA /. fiancee is your nationality? B CoBexcKOM HE^JÊ adv. nowhere Coio.ie MHoro HaixHonajibHocTen. Bee Mecxa aanflXH, nerAe cecxb. There are many nationalities in All the seats are taken, there is the Soviet Union. nowhere to sit. HAI^HOnAjIbHlblfl, -an, -oe, -we HEÂBHO adv. recently 1. national. HannonajibHaH Kyjibxy- Mbi npnexajiH b Mockby HCAaBHo. pa. National culture. We hove come to Moscow recently 2. national. HanHonaJibHWH koc- HEÂJIEKO adv. r a e? not far TioM. National dress. ToBapHHi WHBex HeAajiGKo ox mc- HAHAJIO neut. Hfl. My friend lives not far from 1. beginning. JJôu naxoflHTcn b name. najie yjiHn;H. The house is at the HEAEJIH /. week beginning of the street. JIhh HCAeJiH. The days of the week. 2. beginning. Haqajio yHe6Horo ro- Ha 3X0H HeAeJie. This week. Hepea paaa b ne- fla. The beginning of the school HeAeJiK). In a week. Tpn year. HaqaJio sanHTHH b 10 la- AeJiK). Three times a week. Mm c6b. Lessons start at 10 o'clock. CAeJiacM 3xy paSoxy aa neAeJiio. We shall do this work in a week. HAHAJIbHHK m. chief <> y Hero ceMb nHTHUH he Heê- flAHATb see HAHHHATb Jie. He does not know his own mind. HAHATbCfl see HA^HHATbCH HEÔCTATIOK m., gen. -Ka draw- HA^HHAlTb, -K), -emb,^ -k)t imp. back, shortcoming, defect H T 0? & + inf' I P' naqaib, naiHly, HeAOCxaxKH b paooxe. Shortcomings HE5K 77 HEC

in work. V Hero MHoro neôcTaT- HeMHoro noryjinn h npHXOHii flOMOH. KOB. He has many defects. Go for a short walk and then come HE^H|klQ, -an, -oe, -He, short form home, y Hac HeMHoro BpeMenn. We HeJKeH, HejKHa, nemnlo, -h; adu. have little time left. HeJKHO HEHABfllAETb, ->Ky, -Anmb, .J^flx 1. tender, affectionate. He>KHoe imp. Koro? q x o? to hate HyBCTBo. A tender feeling. Uem- H HenaBHwy axoro qejiOBCKa. / HUH BsrJiHA. An affectionate look. hate that man. 2. tender. HeMcnaH KOJKa. Tender HEHABHCTb /., no pi. k KOMy? skin. K H e M y? hatred 3. tender. HeJKHtiH i^Bex. A tender HEOBXOJ^flM|Hfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short colour. form HeoSxoAHM, Heo6xoAHM|a, -o, HE3ABHCHM0CTb /., no pi. indepen- -h; adv. neoSxoAWMO necessary dence HeoSxo^HMHe Bemn. Necessary CBOooaa H HeaaBiTCHMOCTb CTpanu. things. HeoSxoAHMbie KHiirH. The The freedom and independence of a books one needs. Heo6xoAHMo crje- country. Jiaxb onepan;Hio. An operation is HE3ABflCHMlMlJ, -an, -oe, -me, short necessary. form neaaBiicHM, -a, -o, -h; adv. HEOBblKHOBEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He; HesaBHCHMO independent adv. HeoSHKHOBeHHO unusual HeaaBHCHMMH xapaKxep. An inde- HeoSHKHOBeHHoe nyxemecxBHe. An pendent character. HesaBHCHMoe ro- unusual journey. cyâpcTBO. An independent state. HEOHCflaAHHIblfl, -aa, -oe, ne; adv. HEKOrjIjA adv. no time HeojKHAaHHO unexpected Oh oHeHb MHoro paSoxaex, eMy ne- HeoHtHâHHoe coSbixne. An unex- Korâ ryjiHTb. He works a lot, he pected event. HeoHtWAauHHii npnesji;. has no time to go for walks. Mne An unexpected arrival Oxen Bep- ceroflHH HeKor;;a. Fve no time to- HyjiCH Heo>Kii;;aHHO. The father re- day. turned unexpectedly. HEKOTOPIblH, -an, -oe, -He pron. HEPBHIbin, an, -oe, -ne some 1. nervous. HepBuaa cncxesvia The 1. B HeKOTopHX paHOHax cxpanH nervous system. npomJiH AOHt^n. It rained in 2. nervous. HepBHHii ^leJiOBeK. A some parts of the country. nervous person. 2. only pi. Bee cjiymaJiH c HHxe- 3. nervous. HepBune SoJieann. Ner- pecoM, HeKoxopne CMeHJiHCb. vous diseases. Everybody listened with interest, HECKOJIbKlO num., gen. -hx several some people laughed. Ha coSpaHHH BbicxynuJio necKOJibKO HEKyjÂ adv. nowhere qejioBeK. Several people spoke al y MeHH Hex agecb anaKOMHx, Mne the meeting. Ha 3KCKypcHH ne 5hjio HeKyAa haxh. I've no friends here, HecKOJibKHX cxyAenxoB. Several stu- I've nowhere to go to. dents were absent from the excur-

UEJlhSU -\-inf , KOMy? sion. 1. it is impossible. 3xy sa^aqy pe- HECMOTP}! HA prep. +acc. in spite of miixb HeJib3H. This problem can- HecMOxpn na njioxyio noroAy, not be solved. MH xofl;uJiH ryjiflxb In spite of 2. one must not. HeJibsa myMexb the bad weather we went out for a B KOMHaxe SoJibHoro. You must walk. not make a noise in the sickroom. ^ HecMOTpfl HH Ha qxo. In spite 3Aecb KypHXb UQJihsA. Smoking of everything. is prohibited here. Mne neJibSH HEC|Tfl, -y, -emb, -yx, past nee, nec- MHoro 6eraxb. / am not allowed |Jia, -Jio, -JiH, imp. Hxo? Ky«a? to run for a long time. 1. to carry. Hecxw qeMoaan. To HEMHOrO adv. (a) little carry a suit-case. HecxH pe6eH- H saHHMaJica ceroflHH neMHoro, / Ka na pynax. To carry a child studied for a short time today. in one's arms. Hecxii KHiirn b .

HEC 78 HHH

6H6JiHOTeKy. To carry the books HHrÊ ac^y. nowhere to the library. Bwjio yjKe hosaho, HHrê He 6ujio 2. fig. to bear. HecxH oTBexcTBeH- BH^HO JHOAeii. It was already late^ HOCTb. To bear the responsibili- no people could be seen anywhere. ty. HecTH HaKaaaHHe. To bear Hnrfle ne Mory Kyniixb axoro yHe6- the punishment. HecTH noxepH. HHKa. / can't buy this text-book To suffer losses. anywhere. HHrê Hex cbo66ahhx HECHACTHIbin, -an, -oe, -ue un- Mecx. There are no vacant seats lucky, unfortunate anywhere. HecnacTHBiH neJioBCK. An unlucky HflHCHIHlt, -RH, ee, -ne person. 1. lower. lluTKEHH noHKa. The lower <> HecâcTHWH cjiyâfi. An acci- berth. dent. 2.: HnjKHee 6eJibe. Underwear. HECHACTBE neut. misfortune Hfl3K|HB[, -an, -oe, -ne, short form CjiyHHJiocb HecnacTbe. A misfor- HH30K, HH3Ka, HHBKIo, -H; adv. HH3K0; tune has happened. comp. HHJKe HEX particle 1. low. Hh3KHH jjôm. a low house. 2. low. Hh3khh ypoBeHb >kh3hh. 1 no. Bh HAeie b khho? — Hex. living standard. ''Are you going to the cinema?" A low HH3KaH low temperature. ''No, I am not.** xeMnepaxypa. A TeMHepaxypa Hume nyjiH. 2. not, no. Y mghh hot axon khh- A FH. / haven't got that book. Ha temperature below zero. HH3KHe n;eHbi. prices. HiisKoe 3X0H yjiHEi;e Hex MarasHHOB. There Low ffan- pressure. are no shops in this street. Ero Jienne. Low roJioc. low voice, Hex flOMa. He is not at home. 3. low. Hhskhh A HEyÊJlH emphatic particle really HHKOrÂ adv. never HeyjKeJiH bh ne nnxajin axoro po- Oh HHKOFAa He ona3AbiBaji. He Mana? Haven't you read this novel? never came late. HHKTO pron., gen., ace. hhkofo [-bo], HEa)Tb no pi. oil /., dat. HHKOMy, instr. HHKeM, prepos, MecxopojKAeHne ne^xn. An oil de- HH o KOM nobody posit. ô6HBaxb ne^xb. To extract Hhkxo He 3Haex, Kan pemnxb 6xy oil. saâ^y. Nobody knows how to solve H EHAH H HO adv. by accident this problem. H AaBHo yJKe hhkofo H HenaHEHo pa36HJi cxaKan. / broke He BHAeji. / haven't seen anybody the glass by accident. for a long time. HHKOMy ne fobo- HEHEFO pron., dat. ueêMy, instr. pH o6 3X0M. Don't tell anyone about HeneM, prepos. He o HeM -j- inf. no- it. Oh HH KOM He xoêx AyMaxb. thing He doesn't want to think about Mne Henero fl,eJiaxb. I've got no- anyone. thing to do. TaK AyniHO, mo HeneM HHKy/Â adv. nowhere flbimaxb. It's so stuffy: one can y MCHH Hjioxoe Hacxpoenne, h a hardly breathe. Mne ne o hcm 66Jib- HHKyAa He xojKy. I am in a bad me roBopnxb. I've nothing else to mood and I don't go anywhere. There's say. HeHeMy paAOsaxbCH. HflTlKA /., gen. pi. -ok thread nothing to be happy about. KaxymKa hhxok. A reel of thread. HH particle not a BAexb HiixKy b HFOJiKy. To thread Ha neSe hh oSJiaqna. There is not a needle. a single cloud in the sky. HHHErO [BO] h Hanncaji HH ... HH conj. neither... nor 1. adv. not bad. KaK Hh ;^HeM, hh Ho^bio ne npeKpama- KOHxpoJibHyio pa66xy? — Hnne- Jiacb pa66xa. Work went on day f6. ''How did I write my test- and night without stopping. Hh h, paper?" "Not bad." HH MOH 6paX HHKOFAa HC 6bIJIH B 2. particle that's all right. H3bh. MocKBe. Neither my brother nor HHxe, nojKajiyHcxa. — HnHero. myself has ever been to Moscow. "Excuse me." "That's all right.** HHÎ 79 HOC

HHHTO [-mxo] pron., gen. HHHer6[-Bo], H03KIKA /., gen. pi. -bk leg dat. HHHGMy, instr. HnqcM, prepos. HoJKKa cTOJia, CTyjia. The leg of a HH o n'eu nothing table, chair. 3HaeT. does not Oh HHHero ne He HOHCHHIUbl no sing., gen. mmuRU, know anything. Oh HHqeMy ne Ha- scissors learn y^MJiCH. He didn't anything. OcTpHe HOJKHHniLi. Sharp scissors. Oh HHêM He HHTepecjêiCH. He is HOJI|b m., gen. -h zero not interested in anything. H He <> Hoesfl npnmeji b ABeHafliiaxb Mor HH HCM ;i;yMaTb. / couldn't HOJib-HOJib. The train arrived at think of anything. twelve sharp. HO conj. but C6JiHii;e cseTHT, ho ne rpeeT. The HOMEP m., pi. -a sun is shining, but it is not giving 1. number. HoMep jiôMa. The num- any warmth, fl BHepa bbohhji Te6e, ber of a house. HoMep TpaMBaa. HO Te6H He 6hjio jioua. I rang The number of a tram. HoMep you up yesterday, but you were TeJie(|)6Ha. A telephone number. not at home. 2. issue. AnpeJiBCKHH HOMep JKyp- HOBOÔJ^H|Hfl, -HH, -ee, -ne New- najia. The April issue of the Year magazine. HoBoroAHHH HOHB. New-Year night. 3. room. HoMep b rocTHHHii;e. A HoBoroAHHe nosApaBJienHH. New- hotel room. Year messages. HoBoroAHHe nojKe- 4. size. HoMep 6othhok, nepqaTOK. JiaHHH. New-Year wishes. HoBoro^- The size of shoes, gloves. HHH 6aJi. A New-Year ball. 5. item. HoMep b KonrêpTHOH npo-

H0BOCT|b / , gen. pi. -en rpaMMe. An item on the concert 1. news. Goo6n5aTb hoboctb. To programme. UjupKOBOH HOMep. tell the news. Xoporane hobocth. A turn in the circus. HcnoJiHHTb Good news. HOMep. To perform an item. 2. only pL: Hobocth ^hh. Newsreel. HOPMA /. norm, standard, quota Hobocth nayKH h TexHHKH. The HopMa BLipaSoTKH. An output latest developments in science and standard. BHnoJiHHTb HopMy. To technology. carry out the quota. IlepeBLinoJi- HOBIBIH, -an, -oe, -tie, short form HHTb HopMy. To exceed the hob, HOBa, h6b|o, -h quota. 1. new. HoBtiH ;i;om. A new house. HOPMAJIbHIblH, -an, -oe, -He, short HoBoe HJiaTte. A new dress. form HopMaJieH, HopMaJibuja, -o, 2. new. HoBan KHiira. A new book. -Li; adv. HopMajiLHO normal HoBHH HeJiOBBK. A new man. HopMaJibHan TeMnepaTypa. Normal 3. modern. HoBafl hctophh. Modern temperature. HopMaJiBHoe âBJieHHe. history. Normal pressure. HopMajibHBie yc- 4. new. HoBMH ro^;. New Year. JiOBHfl Tpyâ. Normal conditions /., ace. Hory; pi. nor, HOrA Horn, for work. HoraM, etc. foot, leg HOC m., prepos. o Hoce & na (b) ho- Bmmmtb Horn. To wash one's feet. cy; pi. -LI BwTHpaHTe Horn. Wipe your feet. 1. nose. IIpHMOH HOC. straight <> Hath b Hory c BeKOM. To keep A nose. abreast of time. 2. bow. Mw cH/êJIH na nocy jioa- m., HOriOTB gen. -th; gen. pi. -tch KH. We were sitting in the bow (finger) nail of the boat. KycaTB HorTH. To bite one's nails. <0' HoBCCHTb HOC. To be crestfallen. UOliK m., gen. -a knife BoAHTb Kor6-HH6yAb aa hoc. To OcTpwH HO?K. A sharp knife. Tynon lead somebody by the nose. He bh- HOJK. A blunt knife. PesaTb xjie6 AGTb Aajibine c66cTBeHHoro Hoca. HOJKOM. To cut bread with a knife. Not to see further than one's nepoqHHHHH HOW. A pen-knife. nose. HOC 80 OBE

HOCflTb, Homy, Hocnmb, hocht imp. HyJKAAlTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -k)tch Koro? HTO? KyAa? imp. B K o M? B H e M? to need 1. to carry. KawAWH achl noq- BoJibHOH HyjKAaeTCfl b CBe>KeM Boa- TaJiLOH iiocHT naM noHTy. Every ayxe. The patient needs fresh air. day the postman brings us our H^âCHO KOMy? îeMy? + m/. & + post. Oh hcScht KHwrii b nopx- conj. q T 6 6 u it is necessary, must (|)ejie. He carries his books in HaM HVJKHO MHoro aauHMaxbCH. We his bag. must study a lot. HyjKHO, ht66h 2. to wear. Hochtb MHrKyio nuia- B KOMHaTe .6mjio HiicTO. The room ny. To wear a ioft hat. Hochtb must be clean. 6ycBi, cepbrii. To wear beads, HîKHlblfl, -afl, -oe, -He, short form ear-rings. nymeu, Hy>KHa, HyjKHO, uywHw HOCKfl pi., gen. hockob, sing, hocok, K o M y? H e M y? necessary, that is m., gen. HOCKa socks needed niepcTHHije HOCKH. Woollen socks. HyjKHHH qejiOBeK. A man who is ITapa nocKOB. A pair of socks. needed. Hwkhhh yq66HHK. A ne-

IIOTAI /. cessary text-book. 3Ta KHiira nyw- 1. note. BsHTb BHCoKyio (HiisKyio) Ha MHC ceroAHfl. / need this book HOTy. To sing a high (low) note. today. Mne nyjKHbi lyi^Jin. I need 2. no sing, music. HrpaTb no HoxaM. shoes. 3tot yqeSHHK mhc ne HyjKen. To play from music. Hrpaib / don't need this text-book. 6e3 HOT. To play without music. HOTAa f note Hoia npoTecxa. A note of protest. O, o Hoxa coBexcKoro npaBHxeJibcxBa. A note of the Soviet Government. (OB, OBO) prep, -f prepos. &. ace. HOHHlOfl, -afl, -6e, -tie night 1. -\- prepos. about, of. 3a56THTbCfl Ho^iHaH xnmiiHa. The silence of the SAOpoBbe. To take care of one's night. HoHHaH CMena. The night health. JlyMaTh o poAHue. To think shift. HoHHaH py6amKa. A night- about one's country. Me^TaTb gown, a night-shirt. 6yAyn;eM. To dream of the future.

HOH|b /., gen. pi. -eii night Hnxaxb KHwry o mmun cobot- THxaH HOib. A quiet night. Jlyn- CKOH MOJiOAeJKH. To read a book HaH Hoqb. A moonlit night. Sbgsa- about the life of Soviet youth. Han HOHb. A starlit night. B no'ib noji; BocnoMHHaHHfl o6 OTn;e. Reminis- HoBbiH rofl. On New-Year's night. cences (memories) of one's father. <> CnoKouHoii (a65poh) eoqu. 2. -{-ace. on. Bojihm SiiJincb o 6e- Good-night/ per. The waves beat on the shore. HOHbK) adv. at night OBA m. & neut., gen. o66hx; 66e /., HoHbK) OH cnaJi necnoKoHHO. He gen. oSenx num. both spent a restless night. BMspa HOHbio 06a APyra yqaTCfl b HHCTHTyTe. kt6-xo nocxyqaji k naM b okho. Both friends study at the institute. Last night somebody was knocking 06e A6BymKH xopomo xaHn;eBajiH. at our window. Both the girls danced well. HOflBP|b m., gen. -h, no pi. Novem- OBE^ m. dinner ber BKycHUH o6eA. A tasty dinner. HPA|BHTbCH, -BJiiocb, -BnmbCH, -bat- 06eA H3 xpex 6jik)a. A three-course ch imp. KOMy? êMy? &-f- ^^f/ dinner. p. nOHpalBHXbCH, -BJIIOCb, -BHmbCH, <> 3a o6eAOM. At dinner. IIpHrjia- -BHXCH to like CHTb HE o6eA. To invite to dinner. Mne oêHb npaBHTCfl 3Ta êBymKa. OBEÂjTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ / like that girl very much. Khho- p. noo6eAa|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot to have $lfJIbM HaM He HOHpaBHJICH. We dinner didn't like the film. BaM npaBHTCH OSeAaTb b ctojioboh. To have dinner ryjiHTb .3Aecb? Do you like taking at a dining-hall. BbiCTpo noodÂaxb. walks here? To have a quick dinner. 0B& 81 OBP

OBECIl£HHBA|Tb, -ro, -emb, -rox OBMAHyXb see OBMAHblBATb imp. Kor6? HGM? or KOMy? OBMAHblBAITb, -10, -emb, -rox imp. H T o?//7. o6ecne'9|HTb, -y, -nmb, -ax K o r 6?/p. oSManyxb, oSinany, o6Ma- to provide Hemb, oSManyx to deceive OSecneqHTb cxpoHTejibCTBO Mama- ToBapnn; roBopiiJi, qxo npHêx, ho HaMH. To provide machinery for a oSManyji: ne npHmeji. The friend construction project. said he would come, but he didn't OBECneqHTB see OBECnEHHBATb keep his word. OBEmAlTb, -H), -emb, -rox imp. & p. <^ OSMaeyxb HaAe»cflbi. To dis- appoint somebody's hopes. K M y? H X 0? -f- inf. / p. also no- OGManyTfa o6ema|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox to promise AOBepne. To betray somebody's trust. fl o6emaK) BHHOJiHHXb Bamy npocb- OBMEHHTbCH see MEHilTbCH, 1 6y. / promise to fulfil your re- OBHHMAlTb, -H), -emb, -rox imp. quest. H oSemaio, qxo npn^y k BaM K o r 6?//). o6Hflxb, o6HHMy, o6hh- ceroAHfl BCHepoM. / promise to come Memb, oSHHMyx, past oOhhji, -a, and see you this evening. Oh (no)- 66hhjih to embrace o6emaji yanaxb o BpeMenn co6pa- 06HHXb Apyra. To embrace one's HHH. He promised to find out the friend. 06HHXb cxapyio Maxb. To time of the meeting. embrace one's old mother. OBHHMAlTbCH, -rocb, OBJiAETb see OBHaCATb -embCH, -ioxch imp. c K e M?/p. OBflAETbCH see OBHaCATbCfl oSHHXbCH, o6hh- Mycb, oSHHMembCH, OBflJ^HO predic. impers. (to be) o6HHMyxcH, past o6Hfl|jicH, sorry; (to be) offended -jiacb, -jincb to embrace Mne o6Hfl;HO, hxo h ne nonaji b KpeuKO o6HflXbCfl c xeaxp. / am sorry I didn't get to xoBapnmeM. To embrace one*s the theatre. friend heartily, OBHUTb see OBHHMATb OBHJKAjTb, -JO, -emb, -lox imp. k o- OBHUTbCH see OBHHMATbCH t6? / p. o6H|flexb, ->Ky, -;^Hmb, -;^hx OBOflTfl see to offend, to ill-treat OBXOJ^flTb OBOPOHA no pi. 06iTAeTb APyra. To offend a friend. /., defence Hejib3H oSnwaxb MajienbKHx. You OBOPy;i;OBAHHE neut., no pi. equipment mustn't ill-treat the little ones. HoBeamee o6opy;50BaHHe. OBHaCAlTbCH, -rocb, -embCH, -k)xch The most up-to-date equipment. imp. Ha Koro? na qx 6?/ p. oGiilaexbCH, -Hcycb, -^nmbCH, -aax- OBPAÔBATb see PAJÔBATb CH to take offence, to be offended OBPAAOBATbCfl see PAÔBATbCH 06«AexbCH Ha 6paxa. To take offence 0BPA3 m. at one's brother. He o5HH;aHCH na 1. character. JlHxepaxj'pHUH: oSpas. MOii CJiOBa! Don't be offended at my A literary character. words! 2. way. 06pa3 >kh3hh, mwcjih. A way of life, of thinking. CBJIAKIO neut., pi. -a <> TaKHM 65pa30M. So; thus. TjiaB- 1. cloud. flojKAeBoe 65jiaK0. A HMM 65pa30M. Mainly. raincloud. TpoaoBbie oSjiana. Thunderclouds. 0BPA30BAHHE neut., no pl._ educa- 2. fig. cloud. OSjiaKO hujih. A dust tion cloud. IIpaBO Ha o6pa30BaHHe. The right

(3BJIACT|b /., gen. pi. -en to education. Bucmee o6pa30BaHHe. 1. region. 06jiacxb JiecoB. The for- Higher education. IIoJiyqHXb o6pa- est region. 30BaHHe. To be educated. KaKoe y 2. region. ApxanreJibCKaH 66jiacxb. Bac oSpaaoBStHHe? What education The Arkhangelsk region. have you? 3. field. HoBan 66jiacxb nayKH. A 0BPA3|0BATb, -^10, -yemb, -yiox new field of science. imp. & p. qxo? 4. region. 06jiacxb cep^iia. The re- 1. to set up. 06pa30Baxb komhc- gion of the heart. CHK). To set up a commission. 6—4002 OBP 82 OBT>

2. to form, to make up. ^Ba aiOMa Jimh HOBHH KHH04>HJIbM, AOKJiaA- BOflopoAa H aioM KHCJiopoAa 06- To discuss a new film, a report. paayiOT MOJieKyay boaw. Two OBYBb f., no pi. footwear atoms of hydrogen and one atom OBXOJ^B[Tb, o6xoH{y, odxoAHmb, 06- of oxygen make up a molecule of XOAHX imp. Koro? HXO?/p. o6oh|- water. TH, -Ay. -Aemb, -Ayx, past o6omeJi, 0BPA3|0BATLCH, 1st & 2nd pers. o6omJi|a, -6, -h not used, 3rd pers. yexcfl, -yioTCH 1. to go round. 06ohxh BOKpyr a6- imp. & p. to be formed Ma. To go round the house. 06pa30BaJiocb HOBoe rocyaapcTBO. 2. to go round. 06ohxh JiyjKy. To A new state was formed. B peayJib- go round a puddle. O60HXH ropy. TaTe xHMHqeCKOH peaKAHH o6pa- To go round a hill. ayeicfl HOBoe BemeciBo. As a re- 3. to visit. O60HXH Bce MaraanHu. sult of a chemical reaction a new To visit all the shops. substance is formed. OBmEHCflTHE neut. hostel OBPATflTb see OBPAmAXb GxyAenqecKoe o6me>KHXHe. A stu- OBPATflTbCH see OBPAmAXbCH dents' hostel. H{HXb B o6me}KHXHH. OBPATHIbia, -an, -oe, -He; adv. 06- To live at a hostel. paTHo return OBlHECTBEHHIblfl, -aa, oe, -He OCpaTHUH 6HJieT. A return ticket. 1. social. 06ntecxBeHHHH expoH. Ha oSpaxHOM nyxit. On one's return Social system. journey. TyAa oh exaJi Ha noeafle, 2. social, public. 06mecxBeHHaa pa^ a oSpaTHO Jiexea caMOJieroM. He 466xa. Social work. 06^êcxBeHHtIe went there by train and came back opraHH3ai;HH. Public organisa- by plane. tions. OBPAmAlTb, -10, -emb, -k)t imp. <> 06mecTBeHHbiH AeaTCJib. A q T 0?//). o6pa|THTi>, -my, -THmb, public figure. -Tax OBmECTBO neut. 06paxHXb BHHMaHHe. To pay atten- 1. society. KoMMyHHCxiWecKoe 66- tion. 05paxnxe BHHMaHHe na axoro mecxBO. Communist society. Byp- HCJiOBeKa! Look at that man! wyasHoe 66mecxBO. Bourgeois OBPAmAjTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch society. imp. K KOMy? K HCM y?/p. o6pa|- 2. society. Haynnoe oSmecxBO. A xrixbCfl, -myCb, -XHmbCU, -XflXCH to scientific society. CnopxrisHoe turn (to), to address, to apply 66mecxBO. A sports society. 06- 06paxHXbCH K co5paBmHMCfl. To mecxBO APy>K6bi c 3apy6e5KHHMH address a meeting. 06paxHXbCH c cxpanaMH. A society of friend- np6cb6oH K AHpeKxopy. To address ship with foreign countries. a request to the director. OSpaxHXb- OBmnfl, -aa, -ee, -ne CH K Bpa^y 3a coeexoM. To turn to 1. common. OSmne HHxepecH. Com- a doctor for advice. mon interests. 06ni;ee HMymecx- OBCTAHOBKA /., no pi. BO. Common property. Y hhx bco 1. furniture. OScxanoBKa KoMHaxH. 66mee. They have everything in The furniture of the room. common. 2. situation, atmosphere. Mew^y- 2. general. 06niiHe BonpocH. Gen- HapoAHaH oScxaHOBKa. The inter- eral questions. national situation BeceAa <0> Hex (or ne iiMexb) HBêro 66- nporajia b Apy>KecxBeHHOH o6cxa- mero c KeM-/qeM-jiH6o. To have HOBKe. The conversation took nothing to do with somebody/some- place in a friendly atmosphere. thing. B 66w,eM. In general. OBCyAflTb see OBCyHCJÂTb OBl>EAHH0Tb see OBT>EAHHHTb OBCyjKJliAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. OBT>EAHHflTbCH see OBTbE^H- H X oilp. o6cyAnxb, oScywy, o6cy- HUTbCH AHmb, oGcyAflx to discuss 0BT>E3HHH|Tb, -10, -emb, -rox imp. 06cyAHXb BajKHHH Bonpoc. To K o r 6? H X o?/p. o6'beAHH|iixb, -k)» discuss an important question. 06cy- -Hfflb, -ax to unite OBT> 83 oro

06T>eflHHHTB cHJiH 6opi;6B 3a MHp. / usually get up at 7 o'clock in the To unite the efforts of the cham- morning. pions of peace. OBKlHHIblH, -an, -oe, -He ordinary OBTjEAHHHlTbCH, -rocb, -emLCH, 06biHHHH ;i;eHb. An ordinary day. -K)TCH imp. C KGM? C H 6 M?/ 0BH3AHH0CTb /. duty, obligation p. 06'BeAHH|HTLCH, -K)Cb, -HHIBCfl, -HT- npaea h o6H3aHHOCXH. Rights and cfl to unite obligations. Ohh o&teAHHnjiHCB c ji;pyrHM koji- OBHSATEJlbHO adv. by all means,

xoaoM fl;jiH nocTpoHKH 66m;eH aJieK- certainly, without fail TpocTaHn;HH. They pooled together 3xy pa66xy bsljio o6H3axejibHO cê- resources with another collective Jiaxb ceroAHfl. This work must be farm to build a common electric pow- done today without fail. OGns^xeJib- er station. HO nOCMOXplixe 9Ty KHHOKapXH- OB'LEM m. volume Hy, Make sure you see this film. 06T>eM Tejia. The volume of a body. fl npn^y k saM o6H3axejibHo. I'll OBT>flBflTB see OBTbHBJiHTb certainly come to see you. OBT>HBJIEHHE neut. OBJIAÊBAlTb, -ro, -emb, -lox imp. -lo, 1. announcement. 06'bflBJieHHe o K e M? q e M? /p. OBJiaAelxb, co6paHHH. Announcement of a -emb, -K)x to seize, to master meeting. OBJiaêxb KpenocxbK). To seize a 2. advertisement, notice. ôcKa fortress. ObJiaAexb h3hk6m. To mas- oS-BflBJieKHH. A notice board. ter a language. OBJiaêBaxb snanHH- JlÂTh oStflBJieHHe B rasexy. To MH. To get knowledge. OBJiaflexb no- put an advertisement in a news- BOH cnennaJibHOCTbio. To master a paper. new speciality. OBJIAAETb see OB.JTAJIiEBATb OBT>HBJlHlTB, -lo, -emt, -k)t imp. OBOni,|H pi., gen. pi. -en vegetables q T 0? He M?/p. oS'LHBHTb, oStHB- CBejKHe 6Bom;ij. Fresh vegetables. jiK), o5'LflBHfflb, oStHBHT to an- PaHHMe 6Boni,H. Early vegetables. nounce, to declare OrjlHjI,bIBA|TbCfl, -locb, -embCH, OCtHBHTb pemeHHH. To announce -K)TCH imp. p. OFJIHHyXbCfl, OrJIH- a decision. OSTbflBHTb Bonny. To I nycb, orjiflHcmbCH, orJiflnyxcn to declare war. glance back <> OS-bflBHTb 6JIa^0JâpH0CTb. To OrJiHHyxbCfl nasafl;. To glance back. express one's gratitude. fl 6biCTpo orJifluyjicH. / glanced OBT>flCHflTB see 0BT>HCHHTB back quickly. imp. OBT>HCHH|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot OrjlflHYTbCH see OrjlHj],bIBATb- q T 0? K M y? / p. oG-LHCHlHTb, -K), Cfl -nmb, -HT to explain OrOHb m., gen. orne; pi. ornH

. OSiiflCHriTb ypoK. To explain a les- 1. no pi. fire. flpKHH oroHb b nenn. son. 06i>HCHHTb To explain aaflaqy. A bright fire in the stove. a task. 05'bHCHHTb cboio MMCJib. To 2. light. SajKeHb oroHb. To switch on idea. npeno;i;aBaTeJib explain one's the light. IIoracHXb oroHb. To oG'bflCHflJi ciyfleHTaM Tpy^Hoe npa- switch off the light. Ornii ropo^a. BHJio. The teacher was explaining a The lights of the city. rule to the students. difficult <> BoflTbCH KaK orHfl. Gf. To fear OBblKHOBEHHIblfl, an, -oe, -He like death. Hath b oroHb h b6- ordinary AY 3a kcm-jihSo, sa Koro-JinSo. OSHKHOBeHHHH HeJioBeK. An ordi- Cf. To go through thick and thin nary man. 06biKH0BeHHaH paSoxa. after, for somebody. Hex A^Ma Ordinary work. 6e3 orHH (proverb). There is no OBb'IHAfl m. custom smoke without a fire. HauHOHaJibHHe oCtiqaH. National OrOPOA m. kitchen-garden customs. BoJibmoH oropoA- ^ large kitchen- OBttMHO adv. usually garden. PaSoxaxb na oropoAe. To 06tiqH0 fl BciaK) B 7 HacoB yxpa. work in the kitchen-garden. B oropOAe 6* orp 84 OKA

pacxeT KapT6|)eJib. Potatoes grow OAHHAKOBIblH, -an, -oe, -ue, short in the kitchen-garden. form OAHHaKOB, -a, -o, -h; adv. OrPOMH|bIfl, -an, -oe, -He, short OAHHaKOBO same, identical form orpoMGH, orpoMHia, -o, -li 3XH HJiaXbH COBCeM OAHHaKOBtie. huge, great These dresses are quite identical. OrpoMHUH ropoA- A huge city. Or- y HHX OAHHaKOBHe BSFJIHAH Ha poMHbie BoaMOHtHOCTH. Great possi- JiHxepaxypy. They have the same bilities. OrpoMHHH ycnex. Great ideas on literature. success. OAHHOKIHfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short 0^yP|E^ m., gen. -m cucumber form OAHHOK, -a, -0, -h; adv. oah- PaHHHG orypi;w. Early cucumbers. HOKO GoJienue orypj^H. Salted cucumbers. 1. lonely. Oahhokhh lejiOBeK. A OAEBAiTb, -K), -emb, -jot imp. ko- lonely man. to? BO ^t6?/p. OAelxfa, -Hy, 2. solitaiy. Oahhokog A©peBo. A -Herat, -Hyx to dress solitary tree. OzteBaTb peSeuKa. To dress the 3. lonely. OAHHOKaH HCHSHb. A lone- child. OAexb pe6eHKa b hobog ly life. DJiaibe. To dress the child in a 0]\B.kyKJXh\ adv. once, one day new dress. 0/^HAKO conf, however OÊBAITbCH, -locb, -erabCH, -h)tch JÔJKAb JIHJI KaK H3 BeAPa, OAHaKO imp. BO qxo?//?. OAelxbCH, -Hycb, pa66xa ne npeKpanjajiacb. The rain -HerabCH, -HyxcH to dress fell in torrents, but the work never 3hm6h HaAO xenjio OAeBaxbCH. You stopped. must dress in warm clothes in win- OAHOBPEMEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He; ter. Xoporao OAesaxbCfl. To dress adv. oAHOBpeMOHHO simultaneous well. OAexbCfl bo Bce HoBoe. To be Mh OAHOBpeMeHHo npnexajiH na dressed in new clothes. OAesaxbc BOKsaJi. We arrived at the station CO BK.ycoM. To dress tastefully. at the same time. (33EPO neut., pi. oaepa lake 0]\tMJ],X /., no pi. clothes Oaepo BaHKaJi. Lake Baikal. }Ke- PaSoHaH OAe>KAa. Working clothes. HeBCKoe oaepo. The Lake Geneva. BepxHHH OAeacAa. Outdoor clothes. of 0KA3ATb see 0KA3bIBATb OHETb see OAEBATb 0KA3ATbCH see 0KA3bIBATbCH see OAETbCH OAEBATbCH 0KA3blBA|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. neut. blanket; quilt 0;ÊHJIO H X o? K o M y? Ha K o r 6?//). ona- BaxHoe OAeaJio. A quilt. HanpH- 3axb, oKajKy, OKamerab, OKajKyx cover BaxbCfl OAeaJioM. To oneself to render, to offer, to exert with a blanket.^ OnasHBaxb noMomb. To render as- OJlfiUy OAHa, OAHo, OAHH pron. sistance. OKasHBaxb conpoxHBjie- 1. alone, fl muBy oamh. / live alone. HHe. To offer resistance. OnaaHBaxb fl He JitoSjiK) ryJiHXb oAna. / BJiHHHHe (na Koro, hxo). To influ- don't like walking alone. ence {somebody). 2. alone, only, fl oahh Mory axo 0KA3bIBA|TbCH, -locb, -erabcH, -lox-

CAGJiaxb. / alone can do this. ca imp. I p. OKaaaxbCfl, oKajKycb, 3. one Oahh moh APyr (oahh H3 oKajKerabCH, 0Ka>KyxcH MOMX APyseH) paccKaaaji Mne 1. K e M? K a K ti M? to turn out to HHxepecuyio Hcxopnio. A friend be. Oh OKaaaJicfl onenb nnxe- of mine told me an interesting pecHMM HejioBeKOM. He turned story. out to be a very interesting man. 4. the same. Mu yqnMCfl na oahom 2. to find oneself. HeowHAanno mh Kypce. We are in the same OKaaaJiHCb na HeanaKOMOH yjiH- course. n;e. Suddenly we found ourselves 5. used as n. one. Oahh noraeji na- in an unfamiliar street. OKa- jieBO, ApyroH — HanpaBo. One aaxbcfl B xpyAHOM nojio>KeHHH. went to the left; the other, to To find oneself in a difficult the right. situation. OKA 85 OHA

3. paren. word OKaauBaercH, Be- 2. usu. no p. to surround. Jêp^B- qep 6yfleT ne b cy666Ty, a b HK) CO BCeX CXOpOH OKpyWBJIH BOCKpecGHbe. The evening-party Jieca. The village was completely is in fact to take place on Sun- surrounded by woods. day and not on Saturday. 3. fig. to surround. OKpyHtaxb 3a- OKAHHHBAITb, -H), -emb, -iot imp. 66xOH. To surround with solici- HTOp/p. OKOHHiHTb, -y, -HHIb, -aX tude. to finish OKPySKflTb see OKPYHCAXb OKOHHHTb paSoTy. To finish work. OKTHBPib m., gen. -A October OKOHHHTb niKOJiy. To finish school. OH pron., m., gen., ace. ero [-bo], dat. OKOHHHTb HHCTHTyi. To graduate eMy, instr. hm, prepos. o hcm he, it from the institute. Oh npnexaji h3 OpaHi;HH. He came OKAHHHBAITfcCH, 1st & 2nd pers. from France. GxoJiHua Opan- not used, 3rd pers. -ercH, -iotch, hhh — IlapHH?. Oh cxohx na CeHe. imp. HGM? /p. OKOHqiHTbCH, Ist & The capital of France is Paris. It 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -htch, is situated on the Seine. -axcfl to end OHA pron., /., gen., ace. ee, dat. en, CneKTaKJib okoh^hjich uobjibo. The instr. eio, prepos. o nea she, it performance ended late. Ona oxAHxajia iia HepnoM Mope. OKEAH m. ocean She spent her holidays at the Black Thxhh OKean. The Pacific Ocean. Sea. OxKy/ia y mc axa KHHra? — ATJiaHTHêcKHH oKean. Atlantic H KyniiJi ee b khhjkhom MarasMue. Ocean. IlapoxoA naxoAHTCH cenâc "Where did you get that book?" "I B OKeane. The ship is now at sea. bought it at a bookshop." OKHO neut., pi. oKHa, okoh, oKHaM, OHfl pron., pi., gen., ace. hx, dat. etc. window HM, instr. iJMii, prepos. o hhx they OKHa BLixoAHT Ha yJIH^y. The win- Ohii MHoro cnopHJiH o JiHxepaxy- dows overlook the street. CMOxpexb pe. They argued a lot about litera- B OKHO. To look through the win- ture. B HaraeM ca^y pacxyx HBexLi. dow. CMOxpexb H3 OKHa. To look Ohh oHGHb KpacHBH. There are out of the window. flowers in our garden. They are OKOJIO prep. + gen. very beautiful. 1. near. Okojio MarasHna cxohjio OHO pron., neut., gen., ace. ero [-bo], MHoro HapoAa. There were many dat. euj, instr. hm, prepos. o hcm it people near the shop. Oh ceJi oko- H6JI0K0 ynajio. Oho jich^hx na sgm- jio MeHH. He sat down beside me. Jie. The apple has dropped. It is 2. about. Mh ryjifljiH okojio ^Byx on the ground. HacoB. We walked for about two OnA3J];bIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. hours. Kyâ? Ha ckojibko? &-|- OKOHqAHHE neut. completion, inf. I p. ono3Aa|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox end(in^) to be late OKOHânne cxpoRxejibcxBa. The GxyêHX onosAaJi na ypoK. The completion of the construction. student was late for his lesson. Bh OKOHqaHHe ceanca. The end of a ono3AaJiH na 15 MHuyx. You are performance. 15 minutes late. Mw onosAaJiH K <> OKOHqaHHe CJieAyeT. To be con- naâJiy cneKxaKJia. We were too tinued. late for the beginning of the per- OKOHHHTb see OKAH^HBATB formance. H 0H03Aaji nocMOxpexb OKOHHHTbCH see OKAHHHBATtCH 3xy KapxHHy. / missed that film. OKPEnHYTb see KPEnHYTb OnACHOCTb /. danger OKPyacAiTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. IIoABepraxbcfl onacnocxn. To be KOro? HX 0? H e M?//>. OKpyjKlMXb, exposed to danger. Bbixb b onacHOC- -y, -Hmb, -ax XH. To be in danger. HaM rpo3HT 1. to surround. JJ^qtr oKpymiiJiH onacHOCxb. We are in danger. Maxb. The children surrounded HsSejKaxb onacHOCxn. To escape their mother. danger. OHA opr

OnACHlUQ, -afl, -oe, -He; adv. onac- OnyCKAjTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. k o- Ho dangerous r 6? H X o?/p. onycxHXb, onymy, OnacHWH cJiyHaii. A dangerous onycxHmb, onycxHX case. OnacHaH paSoxa. Dangerous 1. to lower. Onycxuxb pe6eHKa na work. Ho 3T0H flopore hatw onac- noJi. To put the child on the HO. It's dangerous to go along that floor. Onycxuxb roJioey. To hang road. ones head. Onycxiixb rjiaaa. To lower one's eyes. Onycxiixb OnEPA /. bo- 1. opera. CJiymaTb onepy. To listen poxHHK. To lower the collar. to an opera. KynHTb Shjibth na 2. to drop. Onycxifxb nncbMo b onepy. To buy tickets for the amHK. To drop a letter into a opera. post-box. 2. opera. Teaxp onepH h 6ajieTa. OnyCTflTb see onycKATb A theatre of opera and ballet. OnbIT m. 1. no pi. experience. JKiianeHHUH OnEPAU;HH /. operation OHMX. Life's experience. Onux Xnpypr CACJiaJi cjiownyio onepa- paSoxM. Experience of work. i^HK). The surgeon performed a dif- HMexb 6ojibni6H onux. To have ficult operation. Onepai;Hfl na cepA- great experience. HcnoJibsOBaxb ij,e. A heart operation. CBOH ontix. To utilise one's ex- On03AATb see OnASnWBATb perience. OnPABÂTb see OnPABAblBATb 2. experiment. XHMHiecKneonuxH. OnPAB^blBAITb, -JO, -enib, -k)T Vhemical experiments. TIpOBO- imp. K o r 6? H T o? ^ e M?/p. on- AHXb ontiXH. To make experi- paBâlTL, -K), -eniB, -k)t ments. B jiaoopaxopHH Hêx 1. to acquit. Cy^ ero onpaBâji. ontiT. An experiment is in pro- He was acquitted by the court. gress in the laboratory. 2. to justify. Oh onpaB^biBa.! CBoe OnblTHIblH, -an, -oe, -He, short form OTcyxcTBHe na BanaxuHX oojiea- onHxen, 6nHXH|a, -o, -h HbK). He tried to justify his 1. experienced. Onbixnhin paGoiHH. absence from the lessons by his An experienced worker. OnHX- illness. HHH pyKOBOAHxeJib. An experi- <> OnpaBAbieaxb aoBepue (Koro- enced leader. OnHXHHU npenoâ- jih6o). To justify (somebody' s) con- Baxejib. An experienced teacher. fidence. 2. only complete form experimental. OnPE/ÊJIEHHE neut. definition OnHxnaH pa66xa. Experimental To^Hoe onpeêJieHHe. An exact defi- work. OnHxnaH ceJibCKOxoaaHcx- nition. MexKoe onpeAeJieuHe. A Bennafl cxannnn. An experimen- precise definition. Jâxb onpeêJie- tal agricultural station. HHe. To give a definition. OnUTb adv. again OnPEAEJiEHHIblH, -an, -oe, -tie CeroAHfl onnxb njioxan noroAa. 1. definite. Onpe/teJienHLiH oxnex. We are having bad weather again A definite answer. today. 2. certain. OnpeACJienHMH nopnÔK. OPPAH m. A certain order. 1. organ. Oprann peiH. The organs OnPEÊJlflTb see OHPEAEJlUXb of speech. Opran CJiyxa. The or- OnPEJIEJiHiTb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. gan of hearing. OpraHH AHxa-

nxo? I p. onpeAeJi|HXb, -k), -nmb, HHH. Respiratory organs. -ax 2. organ. FocyAapcxBeHEHft opran. 1. to define. Onpe^eJinxb cBoe ot- An organ of government. HapxHa- Homenne k co6mxhhm. To define HHe opraHH. Party organs. Op- one's attitude towards events. raHH MHJiHi^HH. Militia organs. 2. to determine. OnpeAeJiwxb eeJiH- 3. organ. Faaexa «H3BecxHH» — op- HHHy. To determine a quantity. ran HpeaHAHyMa BepxoBHoro OnpeAeJinxb yroji. To determine GoB^xa GGGP. The newspaper an angle. Izvestia is the organ of the opr 87 OCE

Presidium of the Supreme Soviet CeJIbCK0X03HHCXBeHHHe opyAHH. of the USSR. Agricultural implements. 2. gun. ApxHJiJiepnHCKoe opyAne. 0PÂHH3A^HH /. Piece ordnance. 1. no pi. organisation.OpraHH3aD;HH of Benepa. Organisation of an OP^JKHE neut., no pi. enening-party. OpraHH3an;Hfl pa- 1. weapon. GoBpeMeHHoe opyHine. 66th. Organisation of work. Op- A modern weapon. raHHsaniHfl 3KcneAHn;HH. Organi- 2. fig. weapon. Heâxb — Morynee sation of an expedition. opyHcne. The press is a mighty 2. organisation. IlapTHHHaH opra- weapon. HHsai^HH. A party organisation. OCBAHBAlTb, -lo, -emb, -rox imp. npo$coK)3HaH opraHH3an.HH. A H T 0?//?. OCBOlHXb, -K), -Hmb, -HX tO trade-union organisation. master OcBOHXb HoBHe MexoAH pa56xBi. 0PrAHH3|0BATfc, -yio, -yemb, -yioT To master new methods of work. imp. & p. K o r 6? ^ T 0? OcBaHBaxb HoBwe somjih. To bring 1. to organise. OpraHH30BaTb 3K- new land under cultivation. Ocbo- CKypcHK). To organise an excur- HXb HOBfciH cxanoK. To learn to use sion. OpraHHSOBaTb Benep cawo- a new machine-tool. AeHTeJiBHOCTH. To organise an OCBETflTb see OCBEmATb amateur concert. OCBEmA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. 2. to plan. OpraHH30BaTb pa66- K o r 6? q X 0? p. ocBelxMXb, -m;y, Ty. To plan work. OpraHH30BaTb / -xamb, -THx to light CBoe BpeMH. To plan one's time. HacxoJibHaH jiaMua xopomo ocBe- OPAPH m., pL -a order niaex cxoji. A desk-lamp lights the HarpaAHTb opAenoM. To award an desk well. order. IIoJiyHiiTb opAGH. To receive OCBOBOAflTb see OCBOBOJKJliATb an order. OCBOBOAflTbCH see 0CB0B05K- OPEJI m., gen, opjia eagle JUATbCH OPEX m. nut OCBOBOÂA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. KpynHHe opexn. Large nuts. MeJi- Koro? "3X0? ox Koro? ox He- KHe opexH. Small nuts. JTecHLie ope- ro?//?. ocBo6o|AHTb, -my, -jxiimh, XH. Hazel nuts. KoKocoBtie opexii. -AHT Coco-nuts. rpen;KHe opexn. Walnuts. 1. to free. OcBoSoAHXb napoAH ox KojioTb opexH. To crack nuts. paScxBa H yrnexeHHH. To free the peoples from slavery and oppres- OPKECTP m. orchestra ^ sion. GHM(J)OHnHecKnH opKecxp. A sym- 2. to vacate. OcBoGoAHXb Mecxo. phony orchestra. Opnecxp no^ ynpaB- To vacate a place. jienneM AHpn^Kepa MpasHHCKoro. OCBOBOJKAAlTbCH, -rocb, -embCH, An orchestra conducted by Mravin -lOXCH imp. ox Koro? ox He- sky. OpKecTp HcnojinneT 5-yio chm- ro? & without an object / p. ocbo- $6hhio HaHKOBCKoro. The orchestra 6olAHTbC3, -JKyCb, -AHnitCH, -AflTCH is playing Tchaikovsky's 5th sym- 1. to free oneself. OcboSoahtbch ox phony. Konn,epT fl;jiH ôpxennaHO c rnexa, ox pa6cxBa. To free one- opKecxpoM. A concerto for piano and self from oppression, from slavery. orchestra. 2. to get free, fl ocbo6oahjich ce- OPOCflTb see OPOfflATb roAHfl b 6 nacoB. / was free at 6 OPOfflA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. o'clock today. H T o?/p. opoIcHTb, -my, -cnmb, 3. to become vacant. Mecxo 3a cxo- -CHT to irrigate JiOM ocBoSoAHJiocb. The seat at Opomaxb cxenn. To irrigate the the table became vacant. steppes. OCBOHTb see OCBAHBATB OPÂHE neut. OCEHHIHB, -hh, -ee, -ne autumn 1. implement. OpyAHH nponsBOA- OceHHHH AGHb. An autumn day. cxBa. Implements of production. OceHHee naJibxo. An autumn coat. OCB OCT

OCEHb /., no pi. autumn OCHOBblBAjTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. SoJioxaH oceHb, A golden autumn. HTO? / p. ocHjoBdTb, -yio, -yemb, IloaaHHfl oceHb. Late autumn. -yK)T OCEHblO adv. k o r a a? in autumn 1. to found. OcHOBaTb r6pofl. To OceubK) aêcb qacxo havt aoh«ah. found a city. OcHOBaTb yuHBep- It often rains here in autumn. CHTeT. To found a university. ocHoBuBae- OCKOPBflTb see OCKOPBJlHTb 2. to base. Ha hbm bm Te Bame MHûne? What do you OCKOPBJlUlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. base your opinion on? KOrO? HTOpê M?//>. 0CK0p|6HTb, peculiarity -6jik), -6wrab, -6flT to insult OCOBEHHOCTb /. Peculiarities OcKop6HTb HejiOBGKa. To insult a Oc65eHHOCTH paCoTH. work. XyAOJKecTBeHHbie oco- person. BaraH cjiosa Menri rJiy6oK6 of a pe- 0CK0p6HJiH. Your words were a grave 6eHH0CTH poMana. The artistic culiarities a novel. OcoSchhocth insult to me. of xapaKTcpa aToro HeJioBeKa. The OCJIABHTb see OCJTAB JiHTb peculiar features of that man's -K), -emb, -iot imp. OCJIABJlH|Tb, character. K o r 6? H T o?lp. ocjia|6HTb, -6jiio, <> B oc65eHHOCTH. In particular. -Cnmb, -6ht OCOBEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ue; adv. 1. to weaken. BoJiesHb ocjia6HJia oc66eHHO ero opraHHSM. The illness had 1. particular, especial. Oc66eeHLiH weakened his organism. ycnex hmcjio BMCTynjieHHe mo- 2. to relax. Ocjia6HTb BEHMauHe. fig. jfOAOH neBHn;bi. The perform- To relax attention. ance of the young singer was par- OCMATPHBAlTb, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. ticularly successful. K o r 6? H T o?/p, ocMOTpexb, ocmot- 2. peculiar. Y nee KaKou-TO oc<5- piO, OCMOXpumb, OCMOTpflT 6eHHHH KOCTiOM. She wears a 1. to see. OcMaTpHBaxb Mysea, somewhat unusual costume. BbiCTaBKH, KapxiTHhi. To See mu- OCTAIBATbCfl, -K)Cb, -embca, -iotch seums, exhibitions, pictures. imp. /p. ocTa|TbCH, -nycb, -nerabCH, 2. to examine. Bpai ocMOTpeJi 6ojib- -HyTCH Horo. The doctor examined the 1. to remain. IlocJie OKomaHHH patient. HHCTHTyTa H OCTSIJICH B pO^HOM OCMOTPfiTb see OCMAXPHBATb ropoAe. On graduating from the OCHOBA /. institute I remained in my na- 1. basis. OcHOBOH aoKJiaâ 6tiJiH tive town. c66cTBeHHMe BneHaTJieniiH aBTO- 2. to remain. Oh oêHb HSMeHHJi- pa. The report was based on the CH, TOJibKO rJiaaa ocTajincb author's own impressions. npeJKHHMH. He has changed a lot, 2. only pi. fundamentals. Och6bu only his eyes are still the same. reoJiornn. Foundations of geology. 3. to be left. Oh ocTajicfl cnpoToH. ^ Ha ocHoee oobiTa. On the basis He was left an orphan. V mghh of experience. ocTaJiocb 10 pySJieH. / have OCHOBATEJIb m. founder 10 roubles left. Jl^Qiv. ocTa- OcHOBaTeJib yqeuHfl, TeopHH, nay- jiHCb 6e3 poAHTeJieH. The child- KH. The founder of a teaching, theo- ren were left without parents. ry, science. OcHOBaTejib ropoâ. <> OcTaTbCfl B HCHBbix. To remain The founder of the city. alive. OcTaBaTbCfl npn CBOeM Mne- OCHOBATb see OCHOBblBATb Hiiii. To remain of the same opin- OCHOBHIOfl, -an, -6e, -ue cardinal, ion. basic OCTABHTb see OCTABJlHTb OcnoBHOH Bonpoc MeHcayHapoAHon OCTABJlH|Tb, '10, -emb, -iot imp. -bjik), oScTauoBKH. The main problem of K r 6? q t o? / p. ocTaJBHTb, the international situation. B ochob- -BHmb, -BHT HOM Bbi npaBH. On the whole you 1. to leave. OcTaBHTb TexpaA^' fl6- are right. Ma. To leave a copy-book a t home. OCT 89 ocy

2. to leave. Oh ocxaBHJi Hpyry 3a- In his lecture the professor dealt HHCKy. He left a note for his with the problems of modern friend. technology. 3. to leave. Maxb ocTaBHJia h6jiokh 4. to put up. OCTaUOBHTbCH B TOC- j^jifl flCT^H. The mother left the THHHHe. To put up at a hotel. apples for her children. OCTAHOBflTB see OCTAHABJIH- 4. to leave. OcxaBHTb poflHoH ^gm. BATb To leave one's home. OCTAHOBflTbCH see OCTAHABJTH- 5. to leave alone {only imper^). Oc- BATbCH ero! TaBb pe6eHKa, He xporaH OCTAHOBIKA /., gen. pi. -ok Leave the child alone, don't touch 1. stop. CAeJi Tb ocxaHOBKy. To him/ stop. OCTAJIBHlCfl, -an, -6e, -He 2. pause. FoBopnTb 6e3 ocxaHoBKH. 1. (the) rest. B HioJie cxyAeHTH To speak without stopping. GCXaJIb- 6HJIH B AOMe OTAHXa, 3. stop. ABT66ycHaH ocxanoBKa. A nyio qacTb KannKyji ohh npo- bus stop. Ha ocxaHoBKe cxoflJia BCJIH B TypwCTCKOM HOXOfle. In rpynna cxyAenxoB. There was a July the students were at a rest- group of students at the stop. -home, the rest of their holidays KoHCHHaH ocxaHOBKa. A termi- they spent hiking. 3to hCjio- nal. BaM HaAo exaxb 5 ocxano- KO ocTaBb MHe, a ocTaJibHLie BOK. You must get off at the B03bMH ce6e. Leave that apple sixth stop. HaM cxoA^xb na cjie- for me, and take the rest. AyiomeH ocxanoBKe. We get off 2. used as n., pi. the rest. Mh c at the next stop. HaBJiOM npHHiJiii b 6 nacoB, oc- OCTATbCH see OCTABATbCH xaJibHHe nosAHce. Pavel and I OCTOPOaCHIbiS, -an, -oe, -hb, short came at 6 o'clock; the rest came form ocxopoHten, ocxopoJKHla, -o, later. -h; adv. ocxop6>KHO careful -lo, -emb, -kit OCTAHABJlHBA|Tb, OcxopoJKHMH HGJiOBeK. A careful imp. K o r 6? ^ t o?//?. ocTalHOBHTb, person. Oh ocxopojKHO nocxaBiiji iia -HOBJIK), -HOBHUIb, -HQBHT cxoJi Ba3y c HBoxaMH. He put the 1. to stop. OcTaHOBiiTb Serynxero vase of flowers on the table carefully. qeJiOBcKa. To stop a running Ocxop6H 05xoAHTb ocTpwe yr.ibi. To 3. fig. to deal. npo|)eccop b cbooh avoid all controversial subjects. jieKHHH ocTaHOBHJicH Ha npo6ji6- OCyJUECTBflTb see OCymECTB- MaX COBpOMenHOH leXHHKH. JlHTb ocy 90 OTA

OCymECTBflTbCH see OCVmECTB- OTBfiTCTBEHHlblB, -an, -oe, -He JlHTbCH adv. oxB^xcxBCHHO responsible OCymECTBJlUlTb, -K), -emb, -h)t OxBexcxBeHHHH pa66xHHK. A res- imp. H T o?//>. ocymecTlBWTL, -bjik), ponsible worker. OxsexcxBeHHUH pe- -BHmb, -BflT to realise AaKXOp. The editor-in-chief. Oxbgx- OcymecTBHTb njian, Menxy, jKeJia- cxBeHHHH aa pa6dxy. Responsible HHe. To realise a plan, one's dream, for the work. one's wish. OcymecTBHTb aJieKxpn- OTBEHAITb, -K), -emb, -rox imp./p. 4)HKaiIHK) HapoflHOrO X03HHCTBa. OXBe|XHTb, -Hy, -THmb, -XHX To electrify the national economy. 1. ^xo? KOMy? Ha qxo? to an- OCymECTBJlH|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. swer. OxBexHXb Apyry. To an- not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -iotch swer one's friend. OxBexHXb na imp. /p. ocymecTBliJTbCH, 1st & 2iid Bonpoc. To answer a question. pers. not used, 3rd pers. -pitch, OxBexHXb Ha nncbMo. To answer -HTCH to realise a letter. OxBeâxb ypoK. To say Ham nJian ocymecTBHJiCH. Our plan one's lesson. has been realised. 2. HCM? Ha Hxo? to return. Ox- OT (OTO) prep. + gen. Benaxb apvjkGoh na ApyjKSy. To 1. from. Oi-bexaxb ox ropoâ. To return somebody's friendship. go a certain distance from the OxBexHXb yâpoM na yAap. To city. Vexaxb ox poAHbix. To go return blow for blow. away from one's relatives. Ox 3. H e M y? no p. to meet, to satisfy MocKBw AO JleHHHrpafla. From ^xa pa66xa oxBeqaex mohm hh- Moscow to Leningrad. Ox xpex xepecaM h jKeJiaHHHM. This work AO HHXH. From three to five. satisfies my interests and wishes. 2. from. nojiyHiixb hhclmo ox ox- 4. 3 a H X 6? no p. to be respon- n;a. To get a letter from one's sible. OxBenaxb aa pa66xy. To father, yaiiaxb hobocxh ox xo- be responsible for the work.

Bapiima. To learn the news from OTÂlBAXb, -K), -emb, -i6x ^ imp. one's friend. Koro? qxo? KOMyPqeMy? /p. 3. for. Ox BOJineHHH oh hg Mor CKa- oxâxb, oxAaM, oxAamb, oxAacx, 3axb HH cJioBa. He couldn't utter oxAaAHM, oxAaAHTe, oxAaAyT, past a word for excitement. Ox pa;;ocxH. oxAaJi, oxAaJia, oxAaJilo, -h For joy. Ox cxpaxa. For fear. 1. to return. OxAaxb KHiiry b 6h- 4. to. Kjiioh ot KOMHaxH. A key to 6jiH0xeKy. To return a book to a room. the library. 5. from, against. 3am;Hxa ox Bpa- 2. fig. to devote. OxAaBaxb Bce ch- ra. Defence against the enemy. JiH jik)6hmoh pa66xe. To devote JleKapcxBo ox rpanna. A medi- all one's strength to the work one cine for the 'flu. likes. OxAaxb JKHSHb 3a poAHHy. «0* Ot flyniH. Sincerely. Ot ecero To give up one's life for one's cepnixa. With all one's heart. Ot country. HMeHH K«r6-JiH5«. On some- OTÂTb see OTÂBATb body's behalf. OTÊJIbHlblH, -an, -oe, -He sepa- 0TB ET m. rate 1. answer. Hanncaxb oxBex. To OxAeJibHan KBapxnpa. A separate write an answer. JJâTb oxBex. To flat. OxACJibHaH KOMHaxa. A sepa- give an answer. OxBex na dhcb- rate room. m6. An answer to a letter. OTAOXH^Tb see OT^blXATb 2. answer. Xopomna oxb^x yqenn- OTj^blX m., no pi. rest Ka Ha ypoKe. The pupil's good npaBO na oxahx. The right to rest. answer at a lesson. JllxHHft oxahx. Summer holidays. 3. solution. OxBex saAa^H. The so- <> JI,9M OTAMxa. A rest-home. lution of a problem. IIpaBHJib- OT^blXAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. HHH oxBex. A correct solution. Tjs,e?/p. oxAOXHiyxb, -y. -emb, -yx OTBETHTb see OTBEHATb to rest OTE 91 OTJI

JlexoM MH OTflHxaJiH Ha 6epery ^ OTKpwTfa AMepHKy. To say Mopfl (b canaTopHH, b aomg oxflH- something which everyone already xa). In summer we rested at the knows. Cf. Queen Ann is dead. seaside (in a sanatorium, in a rest- OTKPbIBA|TbCH, 1st and 2nd pers. home), ndcjie o6eAa mh oT^HxaeM. not used, 3rd pers. -exca, -ioxch have a rest after dinner. We imp. Ip. oxKpHXbCff, 1st and 2nd pers. OT|EI^ m., gen. -â father not used, 3rd pers. 0XKpd|excH, OTEqECTBEHHlblH, -an, -oe, -He -iOXCH home 1. to open. OxKpHJiocb okho. The ToBapH oxeiecTBeHHoro nponsBOA- window opened. cxBa. Home-made goods. 2. to open. GxojioBafl oxKpHBaexcH ^ OxeqecTBeHHaa BOHHa. A pa- B 8 qacoB. The dining-hall triotic war. opens at 8 o'clock. neut. fatherland OTEÊCTBO OTKPb'ITHE neut. OTKASATbCH see 0TKA3bIBATbCH 1. no pi. inauguration, opening. OTKA3bIBA|TbCH,-iocB, -emtCH, -lox- OxKpHxne HOBoro HHCxnxyxa. cfl imp. ox Koro? ox Hero? The inauguration of a new insti- & p. oxKaaaxbCH, oxKa>Kycb, -f inf. I tute. OxKpHxne BbicxaBKH. The oxKaJKenibCfl, oxKa>Kyxcfl opening of an exhibition. 1. to refuse. Oh oxKaaajicfl BMnoJi- 2. discovery. Hayqnoe oxKpHxne. HHXL npHKas. He refused to car- A scientific discovery. OxKpn- ry out the order. XHH B oSJiacxH $ii3HKH. Discov- 2. to refuse, to decline, to give eries in the field of physics. up. oxKa.iajicfl ox flener. Oh GABJiaxb oxKpHxne. To make a to take the money. He refused discovery. OxKasaxBCH ox cbohx cjiob. To OTKPKITIKA /., gen. pi. -ok postcard on one's words. Ox- go back HoHTOBaH oxKpHTKa. A postcard. KasaxbCH ox npHrjiameuHH. To Ilocjiaxb oxKpmxKy. To send a post- decline an invitation. OxKaaaxb- card. IloJiyqaxb oxKpnxKy. To re- CH ox CBOHX npaB. To give up ceive a postcard. no3ji,paBHxejibHaH one's rights. oxKpbiXKa. A postcard of congratu- -an, -oe, -He, OTKPOBEHHlblfl, lation. short oxKpOBeneH, oxKpoBeenla, form OTKPb'ITIbitt, -aa, -oe, -ne -0, -bi; adv. oxKpoBeHHO frank 1. open. OxKpbixaa MecxHocxb. Open paaroBop. frank OxKpoBeHHbiH A country. conversation. FoBopiixb oxKpoBen- 2. fig. frank. OxKpnxoe jihi;6. A HO. To speak frankly. frank face. OTKPblBAJTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. ^ OTKpbiT»e Mope. The open sea. HTO?/p. oxKpHXb, oxKp6|K), -emb, OTiq)biT#e nncbMo. An open letter. -K>X IIoA OTKpMTbiM eeSoM. In the open 1. to open. OxKpHXb ^Bepb. To open a door. OxKpnxb qeMOjân. OTKPklTb see OTKPblBATb To open a suit-case. OxKpHXb KHHry. To open a book. OxKpHXb OTKPb'ITbCH see OTKPblBATbCH rJiaaa. To open one's eyes. OIKS'AA adv. where from 2. to open. OxKpnxb hobhh Mara- OxKyâ BH npnexaJiH? Where did 3HH, HOByK) cxoJioByio. To open you come from? OxKyâ bh axo a new shop, a new dining-hall. BHaexe? How do you know that? H 3. to open. OxKpnxb BHcxaBKy, BH^PO, oxKyâ xbi n/temb. / know coSpaHHe. To open an exhibition, where you are coming from. a meeting. OTJIinAlTbCfl, -K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch 4. to discover. OxKpnxb MecxopojK- imp. qeM? ox koto? ox nero? jil^HTie, HOByio njianexy, hobhh to be different 3JieMeHX. To discover a mineral Bam HJiaH oxjinqaexcn ox ;^py^HX deposit, a new planet, a new rJiy6HH6H. Your plan differs from element. the others by its profundity. OTJI 92 oxn

OTJIfiHHO adv. 2. no pi. relation. 3xo ne HMeex ko 1. excellently, very well. Bu ot- mh6 oxHOffl^HHH. /( has nothing jiHHHO 3T0 BHêie. You know it to do with me. very well. 3. only pi. relations. J\pymecKne 2. used as n. yqHTLCfl Ha «OTJinH- oxHomeHHH. Friendly relations. H0». To get only excellent marks. /^HHJIOMaXlfHeCKHe OXHOm^HHH noJiyHnTB «OTJiHiHO» no pyccKO- MejKfly cxpanaMH. Diplomatic My H3biKy. To get an excellent relations between countries. Ycxa- mark in Russian. IIocTaBHTb HOBHXb (paaopoaxb) ;^H^JIOMaXH- yneHHKy «OTJitiqHO». To give a HecKHe oxHomeHHH. To establish pupil an excellent mark (to break off) diplomatic relations. 0TM£T|KA /., gen. pi. -ok mark <> EblTb C KeM-JIH60 B KaKHX-JI^- H nojiyniiji xopomyio OTMCTKy no 6o OTHomeHHflx. To be on (some pyccKOMy flSHKy. / got a good sort of) terms with somebody. mark in Russian. OTHHTb see OTHHMATb OTHECTfl see OTHOCflXb OTOflTfl see OTXOAflTb OTHECTflCb see OTHOCfiTbCH OTnPABHTb see OTHPABJlHTb OTHHMAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. OTnPABHTbCfl see OTHPABJlHTb- Koro? HTO? y Koro? y ne- CH r 6?/ p. OTHHTb, OTHHMy, OTHFIMemb, OTDPABJlHlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. OTHi'iMyT, past oTHflJi, 0THHJi|a, 6t- Koro? Hxo? Ky ji B?/p. oxnpal- HHJl|0, -H BHXb, -BJiK), -BHmb, -Bflx to Send 1. to take away, y MaJib^HKa 6t- Ma»b oxnpaBJiaex cwna b mKOJiy. HflJiH Mflii. They took the ball The mother sends her son to school. away from the boy. fl oxnpaBHJi MOMOH nncbMo (xejie- 2. to take. PaaroBop dxHHJi y Me- rpaMMy, nocwJiKy). / se/it a letter HH Miioro BpeMeHH. The conver- (a wire, a parcel) home. sation took away a lot of my time. OTHPABJlHlTbCH, -locb, -embCH, 3. to subtract. OT AeCHTW OTHHTb -loxcfl imp. K y A a? without an obj. TpH SyêT ceMb. // 3 is sub- & -f inf. I p. oxnpa|BHXbCH, -BJiiocb, tracted from 10 the answer is 7. -BHmbCH, -BflXCH OTHOCflTb, OTHomy, OTHocnmb, ot- 1. to go. IlocJie aaHHXHH mm ox- HOCHT imp. HTO? Kyâ? ko- npaBHJiHCb ryjTflXb. After the M y?/p. OTHeciTii, -y, -emb, -yT, past lessons we went for a walk. Mh oTHec, oxnecjila, -6, -n to take oxnpaBHJiHCb B napK. We went (to some place) to the park. OxnpaBHXbCH b nyxb. H OTHec KHiirn b 6H6JiHOTeKy. / To set out. took the books back to the library. 2. to leave. Uoesjj, oxnpaBJinexc^ Mu OTHecjiH HBexH npenoAaBaxe- nepea 10 MHnyx ox 5-h njiax- JiK). We took the flowers to the teacher. $6pMU. The train leaves in 10 OTHOCflTtCH, OTHOÎycb, OTHocnmb- minutes from platform 5. Cfl, OTHOCflTCfl imp. K a K? K K 0- OTnyCK m. holidays M y? K n e M y?/p. OTHec|Tncb, -ycb, JlexHHH oxnyCK. Summer holi- -erabCH, -yxcH, past othccch, ot- days. MecHHHWH oxnycK. A month's Hecji|acb, -ocb, -licb holiday. IIohxh b oxnycK. To go on 1. to treat. Xopomo (njioxo) ot- one's holidays. BepnyxbCH H3 6x- HOCHTbCH K KOMy-JiH5o. To treat nycKa. To return after one's holi- somebody well (badly). days. Bwxb B 6xnycKe (b oxnycKy). 2. no p. to concern. Moh cJiOBa ne To be on one's holidays. IIpOBOjiiixb OTHocflTCH K BaM. My words do oxnycK Ha lore. To spend one's not concern you. 3x0 ne oxhochx- holidays in the South. cfl K fleJiy. It's beside the point. OTnyCKA|Tb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. OTHOfflfiHHE neut. K r 6? q T o?/p. oxnycxtixb, oxny- 1. no pi. attitude. Xopomee oxho- my, oxnycxHmb, oxnycxHx raeHHe k jiioahm. A kind attitude 1. to let go. Maxb He oxnycKaJia to people. peScHKa ox cc6h. The mother oxn 93 OOH

did not let her child go away 2. ox Hero? to deviate. Oxcxy- from her. naxb ox npasHJi, ox hopmbi. To 2. to let go. Oh oTnycxiiji mok) py- deviate from the rules, the norm. KV. He let go of my hand. oxcxynflxb see oxcxynAxb oxnycTflTb see oxnycKAxb OXCS^XCXBIOBAXb, -yro.-yemb, -yiox OXPAHCEHHE neut. imp. to be absent OxcyxcxBOBaxb 1. no pi. reflection. OxpaHteHne na ypoKe no 6o- jieaum, CBexa. The reflection of light. no yBajKHxejibHon npn^H- ne. be absent the 2. reflection. VBviji,eTh CBoe oxpa- To from lesson jKenne b sepKaJie, rJiaAKOH no- owing to illness, for good reasons. BepxHOCXH BOflM. To sce one's Oh oxcyxcxBOBaji 3 Mecfln;a. He reflection in a mirror, on the was absent for 3 months. adu. here smooth surface of the water. OXCIDAA from OxciOAa BHAHa Bca MocKBa. One 3. fig. no pi. reflection. Bee axo Hamjio oxpajKenne b ero KHHre. can see the whole of Moscow from All this was reflected in his book. here. OxciOAa xopomo cJiMmno. You can hear well here. 4. philos. no pi. reflection. TeopHH from He yxoAH oxpajKeHHH. The theory of reflec- oxciOAa. Don't go away from here. tion. OXXy/Â adv. from there 0XPE3AXb see PE3AXb, 2 B sajie HppaJi opKecxp, oxxvAa cjiMmajica cmcx, sByKH necen. An OXPHJ^ m. detachment orchestra was playing in the hall, IlHOHepcKHH oxpflA- A Young Pio- from which came laughter and neer detachment. IlapxHaaHCKHH ox- songs. Bh Swjih b khho? — Jâ, mh pH^. A guerrilla detachment. HAeM oxxyAa. ''Have you been to OXCXA|BAXb, -K), -emb, -K)X imp. the cinema?" *Yes, we are coming ox Koro? ox qero? or without from there." an ohj.jp. oxcxa|xL, -ny, -Hemb, -nyx OXXOJl,flXb, oxxoHty, oxxoAHrab, ox- meji MOAên- 1. to lag behind. Oh x6a«t imp. oxKoro? ox ne- Ho H cKopo oxcxaJi ox XOBapH- r6?/p. oxoHJxH, -Ay, -Aemb, -Ayx, niieH. He walked slowly and soon past oxomeji, oxomJi|a, -6, -h he fell behind his friends. 1. to go away. Mh oxomjiii ox Ma- 0]\u6vl ocxa- 2. colloq. to miss. Ha raanna Ha necKOJibKo maroB. HOBKe a oxcxaji ox noeaAa. At We went a few steps away from one stop I missed my train. the shop. 3. to fall behind. H mhofo 6oJieJi 2. to leave. HoesA oxxoahx b 6 na- H oxcxaji ox rpynnu. / was ill coB. The train leaves at 6 for a long time and I fell be- o'clock. hind my group. Oxcxaxb ox jkhs- OXÊCXBO neut. patronymic HH. To lag behind life. HasoBiixe name riMa, oxhccxbo h 4. to be slow. Hacw oxcxaiox na (|)aMHJiHK). Give your name, patro- MHHyx. The watch (clock) is 10 nyniic and surname. 10 minutes slow. 0XT>E3^ m., no pi. departure OTCXAJI|bIfl, -aa, -oe, -He backward OxT>e3A HasnaHen na 6 qacoB. The OxcxaJiaa cxpana. A backward coun- departure is fixed for 6 o'clock. B try. OxcxaJiHe bsfjihaw. Backward AeHb oxtesAa. On the day of de- views. parture. OXCXAXb see OXCXABAXb OXT>E33KAlXb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ OXCXynAlXb, -ro, -emb, -lox imp. p. ox-bexaxb, ox'beAly, -emb, -yx to /p. oxcxynnxb, oxcxynJiK), oxcxy- drive off nnrab, oxcxynax MamHHa ox-bexajia ox AOMa ncBep- 1. to retreat. BoncKa oxcxyoMjin. nyjia na mocce. The car drove away have retreated. from the house and turned on to the The troops | fig. He oxcxynaHxe nepefl xpy^Hoc- highway. XHMH. Don't give in in the face OXT)EXAXb see 0XT>E3aCAXb of difficulties. OOHIÊP m. officer OOH 94 nAji

OOHI^HAJlbHIblfl, -afl, -oe. -ue; anobj./p. omH6|HXbCH, -ycb, -embCH, adv. o<|)ni:(Bawii>Ho -yxcH, past omnScH, omiiGjilacb. 1. official. 0$Hii;HaJibHoe saHBjie- -ocb, -HCb to make a mistake HHe. An official statement. 0$h- CxyfleHX omH6cfl npH pemeuHH 3a- ilHajibHWH BH3HT. An official flaHH. The student mode a mistake visit. O^HJ^najiBHoe jihi;6. An in solving the problem. KoHCxpyK- official. xop omHScH B pacqexax. The 2. official, formal. 0(|)HaHajibHHH designer made a mistake in his calcu- H3HK. An official language. Oiû- lations. H omnScfl b mocm xoBapn- i;HaJibHoe npHrJiameHHe. A for- me. / was disappointed in my mal invitation. roBopiiTb o^hi;h- friend, fl omnSajiCH, KOPAa AyMaJi o aJibHUM TOHOM. To spcak in an xe6e HJIOXO. / was wrong when official manner. I thought badly of you. FjiyGoKO OXOTA /., no pi. hunting omnGaxbCH. To be greatly mistaken. BbiTb Ha oxoie. To hunt. ynacTBO- OfflHEflTbCfl see OfflHBAXbCH Baxb B oxoxe. To take part in a OmflBlKA /., gen. pi. -ok mistake hunt. Math na oxoxy. To go hunt- FpyCafl omnSKa. A gross mistake. ing. Oxoxa Ha bojikob. Wolf-shoot- CAeJiaxb omnSKy. To make a mis- ing. Oxoxa coSaKaMH. A chase. take. IlHcaxb c omiiSKaMH. To make OXOTHHK m. hunter mistakes in writing. HcHpaBJiaxb OXOTHO adv. readily, willingly omnCKH. To correct mistakes. Cp,e- H oxoxHO corjiamaiGCb c BaMH. / jiaxb qx6-HH6yAb no omri6Ke. To readily agree with you. do something by mistake. npH3H^xb OXPAHIIlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. CBdlo omM6Ky. To admit one's mis- KoropHTO? ox Koro? ox ne- take. Co3HaxbcH b cbogh omriCne. r 6? to guard To confess one's mistake. OxpaHfixb 3;âHHe. To guard a building. OxpaHHXb rpaHHuy. To guard n, n the frontier. OÊHb adv. very; very much nA/Â|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. k y- OêHb KpacHBHH napK. A very Aa?//). ynalcxb, -Ay, -Aemb, -Ayx, beautiful park, fl oênb njioxo no- past yn^ji, -a, -0, -h HHMaio no-pyccKH. / understand 1. to fall. OceHbK) jiHCXbH naAaiox Russian very badly. Ha neqep c AepeBbeB na scmjiio. In autumn npnmjio o'jeHb mhofo napoAy- leaves fall from the trees to the There were very many people at ground. the evening-party. Mhc oneHb Hpa- 2. fig. to drop. K yxpy xeMnepa- BHxcfl 3X0X (|)HjibM, / like this film xypa y Sojibuoro ynajia. By the very much. morning the patient's tempera-

OHEPEAlb /., gen. pi. -en ture had dropped. 1. queue. Cxorixb b onepeAH. To ÂJIE^ m., gen. âJlbâ finger, toe stand in a queue. OîepeAb 3a 6h- ^jiPiHHHe uajihUM. Long fingers. JiexaMH. A queue for tickets. BoJibmoH naJien;. The thumb. Yua- 2. turn. saxejibHHH najiei^. The forefinger. <> CACjiaxb B nepeyio oêpeflb. To IIOKasbiBaxb najibiêM. To point do in the first place. B cboio with the finger. 6»iepenb. In its turn. <> CMOTpeXb Ha qTO-JIHSo CKBOSb OHflClHTb see HfiCTHTb, 2 najibHbi. To close one's eyes to OHKjfl no sing., gen. -6b spectacles something. Snaxb mto-jihSo kek HociTXb OHKii. To wear spectacles. CBOH HHTb naJibn.eB. To have MeJiOBeK B OHKax. A man in spec- something at one's finger-tips.

tacles.^ TeMHHG oqKH. Sun-glasses. nAJI|KA /., gen. pi. -ok stick H HJIOXO BUHCy 693 O^KOB. / SCC OuHpaTbCfl Ha naJiKy. To lean on a badly without spectacles. stick. Jlumuue^ naJiKH. Ski sticks^ OfflHBAlTbCH, -locb, -embca, -ioxch ^ JXenATh qxo-JiHSo H3-noA naji- imp. B K M? B H e M? or without KH. To do something under the lash. HAJI 95 HAX

HAJIblO neut., indecl. overcoat nAPHKMAXEPCKlAH /., gen. -oh, SHMHee najibTo. A winter overcoat. pi. -He HaJêBaTb naJibTo- To put on an MyjKCKaH napHKMdxepcKaH. Bar- overcoat. GHHMaTb naJiBxo. To take ber's shop. TKeHCKafl napHKMaxep- off an overcoat. TyjiflTb 6e3 najib- CKaa. Hairdressing saloon. t6. To take a walk without an over- IIAPK m. park coat on. TopoffCKOH napK. A city park. Ty- nAMflTHHK m. jiHXb B napKB. To take a walk in 1. K o M y? q e M y? monument. the park. Xo^Hxb no napny. To IlaMflTHHK nvfflKHHy. A monu- walk about in the park. ment to Pushkin. IIAPOXO^ m. steamship 2. Hero? monument. IlaMHTHHK HaccajKHpcKHH napoxoA. A pas- apxHTeKxypH. A monument of senger steamer. PeqnoH napoxoA. architecture. A river steamer. HJitixb (exaxb) na HAMHTb /., no pi. napoxoAG. To sail on a ship. 1. memory, y nee njioxaH naMHXb. HAPTEP [-X9-] m. the stalls and She has a poor memory. the pit (in a theatre, etc.) 2. memory. IlaMflTb o xex ahhx Mecxo B napxepe. A place in the HHKorjta He HCHesneT. The mem- stalls. CHAexb b napxepe. To sit in ories of those days will live the stalls. Kynuxb 6hji6x b napxep. for ever. To buy a ticket for the stalls. <> IIoAapHTb ^t6-jih6o KOMy-JiH- nAPTH3AH m., gen. pi. napxHsan 6o Ha naMflTb. To give something guerrilla to somebody as a keepsake, nojiy- Bo BpeMH BOHHw MOH 6pax 6l>IJI HHTb qTO-JiHô OT Kor6-JiH6o na napxnaanoM. During the war my naMHTb. To get something from some- brother was a guerrilla. body as a keepsake. YiHTb Ha I1APTH3AHCK1HH, -an, -oe, -ne guer- naMHTb. To learn by heart. rilla nAlIA m. daddy IlapxHaaHCKOe ABHJKeHHe. The guer- HAnHPOCA /. cigarette rilla movement. IlapxHaaHCKHH KpenKHe nannpocH. Strong ciga- oxpHA- A guerrilla detachment. rettes. KypHTb nannpocy. To smoke UAPTflflHlblH, -aa, -oe, -He party a cigarette. Ilapx/iHHoe coGpaune. A party meet- IIAP m., pi. -H vapour ing. riapxHHHHH 6HJiex. A party BojlHHoH nap. Water vapour. Hpn membership card. TeMnepaxype 100 rpa^ycoB L[ejibCHH nAPTHH /. party Boâ npeBpan];aexcH b nap. At a ^Jien napxHH. A member of the temperature of 100° C. water turns party. Bcxynnxb b napxHio. To join into vapour. the party. nAPA /. nACMYPHIblfl, -aH. -oe, -iie dull, 1. pair. Ilapa xy$ejib. A pair of shoes. gloomy 2. couple. B 3aJie xanneBajio ne- IlacMypHBiH AGHL. A dull (gloomy) CKOJibKO nap. Several couples day. were dancing in the hall. MoJio- HACCAHCflP m. passenger flaH napa. A young couple. B Kyne 6ujio Hexwpe naccaHîipa. IIAPAJ^ m. parade There were four passengers in the BoeHHHH napa^. A military pa- compartment. rade. (DH3KyjibxypHHH napaA- A HATPHOT m. sports parade. Bbixb na napaA©- 1. patriot. BopbSa naxpnoxoB aa To be on parade. ocBoSomAeHHO CBoen cxpanbi. nAPlEHb m., gen. -hh lad The struggle of the patriots for Th xopomnn napenbl — cKasaJi the liberation of their country. OH. ''You are a fine ladJ" he said. 2. enthusiast. HaxpHox cBoero Ae- IIAPHKMAXEP m. barber, hairdresser Jia. An enthusiast for a cause. PaSoxaxb napHKMaxepoM. To work IIAXATb, namy, namemb, namyx as a barber (hairdresser). imp. H T 0? He M?//>. Bcnaxaxb, HAX 96 HEP

Bcnamy, Bcnamemb, Bcnamyr IlepeBHnojiHHXb njian. To overful- to plough fil a plan. nepcBMnoJiHHXb nopMy. IlaxaTb aeMJiK). To plough the To overfulfil the quota. land. DEPErnATb see nEPEPOHHTb nAXHiyXb, -y, -emb, -yi, past nax, HEPErOBOPbl no sing, o hom? -jia, -jio, -JiH imp. q e M? to smell talks, negotiations /^yxH npHHTHO n^XHyx. The per- JleperoBopu o Mnpe. Peace talks.

fume smells pleasant. \ impers. Ha IleperoBopu Me«Ay cxpanaMH. Jiyry npHaxHO ndxHex cchom. Negotiations between countries. Bec- There is a pleasant smell of hay in TH neperoBdpu c k6m-jih6o o hbm- the meadow. jih6o. To conduct negotiations with somebody about something. Ilepero- nAH|KA /., gen. pi -eK packet cocxoHJiHCb na4Ka caxapa. A packet of sugar. BopH B Mockb6. The negotiations took place in naqKa nannpoc. A packet of ciga- Moscow. rettes. nEPErOHUlTb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. Kor6? *!xo? Bê m?//>. nepe- pension MHCHH /. rnaxb, neperoHio, neperonnmb, ne- IleHCHH no cx^pocxH. An old-age peroHHx, past neperaaji, -rnajia, pension. IloJiynaxb nencHio. To get -FH^jilo, -H to overtake a pension. Buhxh na neHCHio, To 3xox cnopxcM^H nepernaji Bcex bo retire on a pension. BHXb na nen- BpeMH copeBHOBaHHH. This sports- CHH. To be on pension. man overtook everyone in the com- ^ll;ÊJlbHHÂ /. ash-tray petition. HEPEBECTfl see nEPEBOAflTb UEPEp, prep. + instr. ÊPEBC);^ m. 1. in front of. IlepeA okhom. In 1. translation. Tohhlih nepoBOfl. front of the window. An exact translation. GfleJiaxb 2. before. IlepeA ypoKOM. Before nepeBOA- To make a translation. the lesson. 2. transfer. IlepeBOA êner no ndn- 3.: Mne cxhaho nepeA BaMH. / feel xe. A postal order. guilty towards you. IIEPEBOAflTb, nepeBOjKy, nepeso- IIEPEÂIBATb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. flnmb, nepcBOAHx imp. hxo?/ q X 0? K o M y?/p. nepeA^xb, nepe- p. nepeBe|cxri, -^y, -Aemb, -Ayx, past AaM, nepeAamb, nepeAacx, nepeAa- nepeBcji, nepeBeJi|a, -6, -a AHM, nepeAaAHxe, nepeAaAyT, past 1. to take. llepeBecxH peSenKa nepeAaji, -a, nepeAaji|o, -h take a child Hepea yjinny. To 1. to give. HepeAaxb nncbMo Apy- across the street. ry. To give a letter to a friend. 2. to transfer. nepesecxH ênbra no 2. to tell. HepeAanxe npHBex poA- TeJierpi(|)y. To send money by HHM. Give my regards to your telegraph. relatives. IlepeAaH CMy, mo a 3. to translate. IlepeBecxH KHHry c CKopo npHAy. Tell him that I'll (|)paHEty3CKoro HSHKa na pyc- come soon. CKHH. To translate a book from 3. to broadcast. IlepeAaBaxb koh- French into Russian. n,epx no paAno. To broadcast a nEPEBO;^HHK m. translator, inter- concert. IlepeAaBaxb nocJieAHHe preter H3BecxHH. To broadcast the news. HepeBOA^HK c anrjinncKoro asHKa. HEPEJÂTb see nEPEÂBAXb An English translator (interpreter). HEPEÂHA /. broadcast VcxHWH nepeBOA^HK. An interpret- IlepeA'^â no paAHO. Radio broad- er. PaSoxaxb nepenoA^nKOM. To cast. Cjiymaxb nepcAany. To lis- work as a translator (interpreter). ten to a broadcast. nEPEBb'inOJIHHTb see nEPEBbl- HEPEÔBlOfl, -aH, -6e. -we nOJlHUTb 1. foremost. OepeAOBdH pa66qHH. HEPEBbinOJlHUlTb, -ro, -emb, -K)x A foremost worker. imp. qxo/p. nepeBwnonnlHXb, -to, 2. advanced. HepcAOB^H x^XHHKa. -nmb, -Hx to overfulfil Advanced technique. HEP 97 HEC

nEPEE35KA|Tb, -k), -emb, -k)t lectures. GffeJiaTb nepepHB. To imp./p. nepeexaTfc, nepeeAly, -emb, have a break. <> OSe^eHHbiH nepepuB. A break 1. He pea hto? or hto? to cross. for lunch. The dinner hour.

IlepeexaTb (^epea) rpaHHii;y. To ^EPECAJ^|KA /., gen. pi. -ok change cross the border. IlepeexaTb (^le- GaeJiaTb nepecaAKy. To change. pea) peKy. To cross the river. ExaTb c nepecaAKaMH, Sea nepecaa- 2. o T K y 3 a? K y A a? to move. KH. To have to change (trains, etc.), IlepeexaTb na HOByio KBapTjipy. not to have to change (trains, etc.). To move to a new place (of res- IIEPECTAIBATb, -i6, -emb, -iot imp.

idence). IlepeexaTb h3 Mockbh -\- inf. I p. nepecTa|Tb, -ny, -nemb, B JleHHHrpaA- To move from -HyT to cease, to stop Moscow to Leningrad. Ilepeea- /lloJKAb nepecTaJi. The rain has H?aTb c MecTa ea MecTO. To keep stopped. PeSenoK nepecTaJi njia- moving from one place to anoth- KaTb. The child stopped crying. Ile- er. pecTaHbTe paaroBapHBaTbl Stop talk- HEPEEXATb see HEPEESHCATB ing! ^ HEPEttTfl see HEPEXOAflTb HEPECTATb see nEPECTABATb HEPEMEHA /. IIEPEy'JI|OK m., gen. -Ka lane, street 1. change. UepeMeHa KJiHMaTa. A yaKHH nepeyjiOK. A narrow street. change of climate. IIEPEXOJIi ^- passage, crossing 2. change. B ero mmmi nponao- IIoAaeMHBiH nepexoA- An under- mJiH Sojibmwe nepeMeHH. Great ground passage. EepexoA He pea changes took place in his life. yjiHD;y. A street crossing. llEPEHECTfl see HEPEHOCflTb HEPEXOAflTb, nepexojKy, nepexo-

IXEPEHOCflTb, nepenomy, nepeno- AHmb, nepexoAHT imp. I p. nepeH|TH, CHrab, nepeHOCHT imp. o r k 6? -Ay, -Aerab, ^ -AyT, past nepemeji, H T o?/p. nepeneclTH, -y, -emb, -yT, nepemJija, -6, -h past nepenec, nepeHecji|a, -6, -h 1. qepea hto? or hto? to cross. 1. to carry. nepenecTH pe6eHKa HepexoAHTb nepea yjiHn;y. To lepea flopory. To carry the child cross the street. IlepexoAHTb across the road. HepeHecTH Bemn rpaHHEty. To cross the border. H3 OflHOH KOMHaTH B ji;pyryio. HepexoAHTb nepea moot. To cross To carry the things from one a bridge. room to another. 2. to change. HepeHTH na Apyryio 2. to endure. IlepeHecTii TajKOJiyio paSoTy. To change one's fob. 6oJie3Hb. To suffer a serious 3. to pass. BjiacTb nepemjia BpyKH illness. HapoAa. The power passed into 3. to put off. nepenecTH coSpanne the hands of the people. ua ;5pyr6e BpeMH. To put off a IIEP|EE[ m., gen. -^a pepper meeting to another time. HepHLiH nepen;. Black pepper. Kpac- HEPEnHCATb see IIEPEnflCblBATb HHH nepen;. Cayenne pepper. FopbRHH HEPEnflCblBAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot nepen;. Hot pepper. Maco c nepn,eM.

imp. H T o? I p. nepeuHcaTb, nepe- Meat with pepper. nnmy, nepeniimemb, nepennmyT IIEPO neut., pi. nepba to copy 1. feather. Ilepo nTHn;bi. A bird's UepenHcaTb tokct. To copy a text. feather. HEPEPblB m. i 2. nib. SojiOToe nepo. A gold nib. 1. interval, break. IlepepuB b pa- HEPHATIKH pi, gen. pi. -ok; sing. SoTe. A break in work. HocJie nepqaTKa /. gloves TpexjieTHero nepepusa ona cho- KoacaHHe nepnaTKH. Leather gloves. Ba nomjia paSoTaTb. After a three JleTHHe nepqaTKH. Summer gloves. years' interval she went to work HaACTb nepqaTKH. To put on one's again. gloves.

2. interval. IlepepMB MejK^y JieK- IIEC|Hfl /., gen. pi, -en o kom? o ij;HaMH. An interval between HOM? song 7—4002 EEC njiA

HapoflHaH necHH. A folk song, flexb 2. pioneer. IlHOHepH KocMOca. The necHK) jiioSbh. To sing a love song. pioneers of Space. nEClOK m., gen. -Ka sand IIHPOaCHlOE neut., gen. -oro fancy MopcKOH necoK. Sea bottom sand. cake MeJiKHH necoK. Fine sand. JleHtaxt rieco^Hoe nnpoH^Hoe. A shortcake. Ha necKe. To lie on the sand. nnpoJKHoe c KpeMOM. A cream cake. <> CaxapHMH necoK. Granulated Han c nnpoMCHLiM. Tea and cakes. sugar. Kynnxb H^CKOJibKo nnpoJKHWx. To IIETb, no|K), -emt, -m imp. h t o? o buy some cakes. k6m?o hgm? kom y?/p. cneib, nHPOH^lOK m., gen. -Ka small pie cnolK), -enib, -k)t to sing nnCATEJlb m. writer ITexb necHK) flpysbHM. To si/i^ a IlHCATb, nnmy, nnmemb, nrimyT song to one's friends. IleTb c qyB- imp. q X o? k o m y? o kom? CTBOM. To sing with feeling. Deib one u?/p. Hanncaxb, nannmy, na- xopoM. To sing in chorus. nrimemb, Hannmyx to write IIEHAJIbHIblfl, -aH, -oe, -ue sad. a) Oh njrmex nncbMo poAHxeJiHM. melancholy ê is writing a letter to his par- HeqaJibHaH MysbiKa. Sad music. ents. HeâJibHoe HacTpoenne. A melan- b) IlHcaxb cxHXii. To write poetry, choly mood. IleâJibHHe rjiaaa. Sad Hanncaxb KHPiry o jkhshh yqe- eyes. HHX. To write a book on the life nEÂTAjTb, -K).^ -emb, -lox imp. of scientists. Oh nanncaJi o x6m> H T 0? / /?. HaneHaxalxb, -lo, -emb, -lox Hxo BHêJi BO BpeMH uyxemecx- 1. to publish, to print. Haneîa- BHH. He wrote about what he saw xaxb cxaxbK) b HxypnaJie. To pub- on his journey. lish an article in a magazine. IIHCbMO neut., pi. nMCLMa, gen. pL 2. to type. Ileqaxaxb na MamnnKe. nnceM KOMy? letter To type on a typewriter. ô;^p66Hoe nncbMo. A detailed letter. HEHATB /. SaKasHoe hhclmo. A registered let- 1. lit. & fig. seal, stamp. ter. HocbiJiaxb HHCbMO. To send a let- 2. press. ter. IIoJiyHHXb nncbMo. To receive a IIEHEHbE neut., no pi. pastry, biscuits letter. HncbMo Jipyry. A letter to CJia^Koe nenenbe. Sweet pastry. one's friend. Han c neieHbeM. Tea and biscuits. nHTb, nb|K), -emb, -lox, past hhji, hh- HeqeHbe k âio. Tea biscuits. Jia, HHJiIo, -H imp. H X o? / /). bw- HEmKOM adv.^ on foot HHXb, BbinblK), -emb, -lox, past bw- Haxh nemKOM. To go on foot. nHJi, -a, -0, -H to drink nnAHflHO neut., indecl. upright IlHXb BOAy- To drink water. BbinHXb. piano lamKy K6$e.j To have a cup of Hrpaxb Ha nnaHHHO. To play the coffee. piano. njIABA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. rê? nflBO neut., no pi. beer Kyâ? to swim, to sail Xojio/IHoe HHBO. Cold beer. Ilnxb H jih)6jik) HJiaBaxb. / like to swim^ napo. To drink beer. KpyHtKa nii- KajKfl;biH fleHb oh nJiasaJi na ocx- Ba. A mug of beer. poB. Every day he swam to the is- ^HJ^3KAK m., gen. -a jacket land. IIoqxH roA OH njiaBaji Maxpo- JI^THHH ^H;^}KaK. A summer jacket. COM Ha SoJibmoM napoxoAe. For al- HocHXb HHfljKaK. To wear a jacket. most a year he sailed on a large DHHCAMA /. pyjamas ship as a deckhand. Tenjian nnHtaMa. Warm pyjamas. nJlAjKATb, -qy, -qemb, -qyx imp./ Cnaxb B HHwaMe. To sleep in one's p. 3anjia|Kaxb, -qy, -qemt, -qyx (p. pyjamas. verb shows beginning of action) to cry nnOHEP m. FopbKO nJiaKaxb. To cry bitterly. 1. a Young Pioneer. Moh 6pax — IIJiaKaxb ox 66jih. To cry with pain. nnonep. My brother is a Young njIAH m. plan Pioneer. IIJiaH pa66xH. A plan of work. IlJiaa nJiA 99 no

paSBHTHH HapOAHOrO X03flHCTBa. A nJIEHlKA /., gen. pi. -ok film plan of national economic develop- IlpoflBMXb HJieHKy. To develop a ment. BbinoJiHHTb njian. To fulfil film^ a plan.^ IlepeBBinoJiHHTb nJian na nJIEHO neut., pi. nJie^H shoulder 50% (npoiieHTOB). To overfulfil the ninpoKHe njie^H. Broad shoulders. plan by 60%. riojiojKHxb pyKy KOMy-;iH6o na njie- njIAHETA /. planet qo. To put one's hand on somebody's ^aJieKan njianexa. A distant planet. shoulder. njIAHSPlOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT <> Eiuy axo hb no njieqy. This is imp. q T 0? to plan beyond his capacity {power, etc.) Pa- IIJiaHHpoBaTb paGoxy. To plan one's SoTaxb njie^oM k njie^y c Kein-JiHSo. work. Hjiae/ipoBaTb cBoe BpeMH. To To work hand-in-hand with some- plan one's time. body.

njIACTflHlKA /., gen. pi. -ok record njIOTflHA /. dam IIocTaBbTe HOByK) njiacTHHRyl Put nJIOXlOfl, -an, -6e, -lie. short form a new record on! FpaMnjiacTitHKH. nJiox, njioxa, njioxo, hjioxh; adv. Gramophone records. njioxo; comp. xyjKe (q.v.) bad

njIACTMACCA /. plastics riJioxaa noroAa. Bad weather. Ujio- HsAeJiHH H3 nJiaCTMaccM. Plastic xoe HacxpoeuHe. A bad mood. Ero articles. AeJia nJioxH. He is in a bad way. njIATA /. payment EMy nJioxo. He feels bad. IIjioxo 3apa6oTHafl njiaxa. A salary, a paSoxaxb. To work badly. wage IlJiaTa 3a bxoa- Admission fee. njIOmAmKA /., gen. pi. -ok ground, njiara sa npoe3;i;. Fare. pitch sports njIATflTb, njiaqy, nJiaTHmb, nJiaTHX CnopxHBHaH nJioma^Ka. A imp. iTO? 3a HTO? 3a koto? ground. gen. pi. en H e M?/p. sanjiaTHTb, 3anJiaHy, sa- njIOmA^b /., njiaTHfflb, sanjiaTHT 1. square. UêHxp^JibHaH njiomaAb. central square. OoHxaH na 1. to pay. IIjiaTHTb (AeHbrn) 3a no- A in a KynKy. To pay (money) for a nJioTDâjxn. A fountain purchase. SanjiaxHTb sa xoBapn- square. 2. area. HjionâAb xpeyroJibUHKa. ni;a. To pay for one's friend. The area of a triangle. 2. fig. to return. IlJiaxHXb JiioCoBbio -By, -Bemb, -Byx imp. 3a 3a66xy. To return love for njIbllTb, Ky- solicitude. A a? H a q e M? to swim, to sail CnopxcMeu njiHBCx k 6epery. The njIAT|OK m., gen. -Ka sportsman is swimming towards the 1. scarf. HpKHH njiaxoK. A bright shore. JIoAâ nJiMBex no peKe. The scarf. boat is sailing on the river. JJê- 2.: HocoBoH njiaxoK. A handkerchief. XH nJibiByx Ha JioAKe. The children njIATOOPMA /. truck, platform are sailing in a boat. JKejiesHOflopoJKHaH njiaT(|)6pMa. A njIH3K m. beach railway truck. JKâxb na njiax(|)6p- IlecqaHbiH ujihjk. A sandy beach. Me. To be waiting on the platform. JleJKaxb (saropaxb) na njifiJKe. To gen. pi. nJiaxbeB njIATBE neut , lie (to sunbathe) on the beach. 1. dress. EHejiKOBoe njiaxbe. A silk no prep. dress. Ha Hen 6hjio oêHb Kpa- I. + dat. beauti- CHBoe njiaxbe. She had a 1. along. Haxh no Aopore. To go ful dress on. along the road. Xo^HTb no k6m- 2. no /?L clothes. MarasiiH Bepxnero naxe. To walk about in the room. nJiaxbfl. A clothes shop. 2. on, according to. npnexaxb no npn- nJIAm m., gen. -a raincoat rJiameHHK). To come on somebody's HenpOMOKaeMbiH njiam. A water- invitation. CêJiaxb no coBexy proof coat. KOr6-JiH6o. To do something on njIEMUHHHK m. nephew somebody's advice. Pa66xaTb no ^JIEM}^HHHÂ /. niece njiany. To work according to plan. noB 100 nor

3. over. ToBopHTb no Tejieôny. To nOBOPAHHBAITbCH, -locb, -enibOH, speak over the telephone. nepefl;a- -loxcfl imp. Kyfla?//). noBepnlyxb- na no pa^HO. A radio broadcast. cfl, -ycb, -embcfl, -yxcH to turn 4.: TeipaAb no ^hshkb. A physics IIoBopaqHBaxbCH na cnnny. To turn copy-hook. HeMnnoH no rHMnacTH- on to one's back. IToBepnyxbCH cuhhoh Ke. A gymnastics champion. K OKHy. To turn one's back to the 5. in + '^^ in pl' SaHHMaxbCH no window. rioBepnyxbCH najieso. To BeqepaM. To study in the eve- turn to the left. nings. nOBTOPEHHE neut. review, recapi- 6. on. IIoexaTb no êJiaM. To go on tulation business. IIoBXopeHHe Maxepnajia. Recapitula- II. ace. -J- tion of the material. 1. to. C naxoro no BocbMoe hhcjio. <> rioBTopeHbe — MaTb yqeHbH From the fifth to the eighth (in- (proverb). Repetition is the mother cluded). of learning. II0BEJ1;A /. HaJ^ kgm? naji; hgm? nOBTOPHTb see nOBTOPHXb victory see IIoJiHaH no6efl;a. A complete victory. nOBTOPflXbCH nOBTOPUXBCfl OflepjKaTb noSefly na^ BparoM. To nOBTOPHlTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. win a victory over the enemy. Bep- q X o?/p. noBxoplHXb, -i6, -Hmb, -hx nyxbCH c no6eAOH. To return vic- 1. to repeat. IIoBxopHxe, noHâjiyn- torious. cxa. Repeat that, please. nOBEAHTB see UOBETKJlJiTh 2. to review. IIoBxopHXb yp6K. To U0BE1iKJ\A\Th, -10, -enib, -lox imp. review one's lesson. K r 6? q X 0? / p. no6eA|HXb, 1st nOBTOPHlTBCH, -locb, -embCH, -lox- pers. sing, not used, -nnib, -hx to win, cfl imp./p. noBXoplHXbCH, -locb, to conquer, to defeat, to overcome -HfflbCfl, -axCH the ene- IloGeAHXb Bpara. To defeat 1. to recur. 3xo cjiobo nacxo no- my. IIoSeAHXb B Bonne. To win a Bxopaexcfl b xeKcxe. This word victory in a war. HoSejKAaTb cxpax. often recurs in the text. To conquer fear. ô6e;^HXb 6oJie3Hb. 2. to repeat oneself. J]|oKJiaAqHK To overcome an illness. Hacxo noBXopnJicH. The speaker nOBJIArOAAPflTB see BJIArOÂ- often repeated himself. PflTB norACflTB see rACflTb nOBJIEJ^HETB see BJIE^HETB nOPHBAlTB, -K), -emb, -rox imp. nOBPflTBCH see BPflTBCH no-BAmEMy ox Her 6?//>. nornSnlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx, past norH6, -Jia, -Jio, -jih to 1. adv. as you want. cêJiaJiH Mh perish no-BameMy. We did as you want- ftoriiSHyxb ox nyjin. To perish from ed us to. a bullet. 2. par en. word in your opinion. Ho-BameMy, axo npaBHJibno? Do nOrflBHyTb see nOPHBATB you think it is right? norjlA^HTB see FJlAJlllTh nOBEAEHHE neut. behaviour norJIHA^TB see TJIHAETb CnpoMHoe noBeêHHe. Modest be- nOrOBOPlflTb, K), -nmb, -ht p. haviour. GxpaHHoe noBeêHHe. o K 6 M? q e M? c Ken? to Strange behaviour. talk nOBKPHTB see BEPHTB IIoroBopHXb o nor6fle. To talk about nOBEPHS^TBCH see HOBOPAHH- the weather. Mne naffo noroBopHXb BATBCH c BaMH. / must speak to you. nOBEPXHOCTB /. surface norO/Â /., no pl. weather Ha noBepxHOcxH aeMJiH. On the KaKan ceroflna noroAa? What is earth's surface. J^Bumeune no no- the weather like today? Bee Ji6xo BepxHOcxH. Movement along a sur- cxoflJia njioxan noroAa- I'he whole face. summer the weather was bad. nOBECHTB see BfilHATB noryjiHTb see ryjiHxb noA 101 noA

UOJS, (nOAO) prep. + ace. & instr. noAroxoBKa no MaxeMaxHKe. He I. + instr. is well grounded in mathematics. 1. under. Oh chjigji noA AepesoM. nOAAEPHCATb see HOAAEPH^H- ife was sitting under a tree. BATb 2. jig. under. PaCoxaTb no^ pyno- nOAAEP^HBAITb, -K), -emb, -iot BOffCTBOM... To work under... imp. Koro? hxo? Hem? b hg m?/ BojibHOH 6hji noA HaGJUoffenneM p. noAAepHâxb, noAAepJKy, noAAep- Bpana. The patient was under jKHHib, noAAepatax medical observation. 1. to support. HoAAepJKaxb Apyra 3. near. JKhtb no^ Mockboh. To live coBexoM B xpyAHyio Mnnyxy. To near Moscow. help a friend with one's advice 4. in. Hath nofl aoJKAGM. To walk in at a difficult time. the rain. 2. to second. HoAAepJKaxb npeAJio- II. + ace. jKeHHe Ha co6paHHH. To second 1. under. Oh ceJi no^ êpeBO. He a move at a meeting. sat down under a tree. nOAHÂPHTb see HCAPHTb 2. to. TaHi;eBaTi> noa MVSHKy. To nOAMECTfl see nOAMETATb dance to music. nOAMETA|Tb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. IIOAAlBATb, -K), -emb,^ -i6t imp. q T o? q e u>lp. noAMelcxiT, -xy, H T o? K M y?/p. noASiTb, noAaM, -xemb, -xyx, past hoamcji, noAMe- noAamb, noAacT, noAaj],HM, noâ- jija, -6, -H to sweep flHxe, noAafliyT, />as^ noAaji, noâjia, HoAMexaxb noji. To sweep the floor. noAajiIo, -H nOAHHMAITb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. 1. to help on. IIoAaBaTb najibio K r 6? H T 0?//). nOAHHXb, nOAHH- AeBymKe. To help the girl on My, noAHWMemb, noAHHMyx, past with her coat. noAHflJi, noAHHJia, hoahhjiIo, -h 2. to serve. HoAaBaxb nan na ctoji. 1. to pick up, to lift. IIoAHHXb xex- To serve tea. paAfc c noJia.To pick up a copy-book 3. to extend. HoAaBaTb pyny. To from the floor. IIOAHHXb peSeuKa. extend one's hand. To lift a child. IIoAHflXb pyny. •^ PyKOH noAaxb! A stone's throw To raise one's hand. IIOAHaxb (from). BopOTHHK. To raise one's collar. nOAAPHTb see AAPflTb 2. to rouse. IIoAHflXb c nocxeJin. nOAAPlOK m., gen. -Ka present To rouse. AoporoH noflapoK. An expensive <> IXoAHHTfa myM, KpHK. To make present. CfleJiaib noâpoK apyry. a noise, to start shouting. To give a present to one's friend. nOAHHMAITbCH, -locb, -embcH, -lox- IIoJiyqiiTb noAapoK ox APyra. To CH imp. /p. noAHflxbCH, noAHHMycb, receive a present from one's friend. noAHHMembCfl, noAHHMyxca, past nOAATb see nOAABATb nOAHH|jICH (& nOAHHJICfl), -Jiacb, noaBHr m. feat -JlOCb, -JIHCb TpyAOBOH noABHr. A feat of 1. to get up. noAHHMaxbCH yxpoM c labour. CoBepmHXb noABHr. To ac- nocxeJiH. To get up in the morning. complish a jeat. 2. to ascend. IIOAHHMaxbCH na ro- nOABOAHlblH, -aa, -oe, -bie under- py. To ascend a mountain. IIoa- water HHMaxbCH no JiecxHHi];e. To go noABOAHHH MHp. The underwater up the stairs. world. HoABOAHafl oxoxa. Underwa- 3. to rise. IIoAHHMaxbCH na 6opb- ter hunting. IIoABOAHaH JiOAKa. A 6y c BparoM. To rise to the submarine. struggle against the enemy. noarOTOBHTb see rOTOBHTb, 2 4. fig. to go up. I^GHH na npoAyK- nogrOTOBKA /. K H e M y? XH nOAHflJiiicb. The prices of 1. preparation. HoAroxoBKa k 3K- food-stuffs have gone up. saMenaM. Preparation for exami- 5. fig. to begin. IIoAHflJicfl iiiyM. A nations. noise began. HoAHflJiCH CHJibHHH 2. grounding. Y Hero xopomaH Bexep. A strong wind has risen. nofl 102 no»(

nO^HOC m. tray 1. to underline. HoflHepKHyTb cjio- nOAHIlTb see nO^HHMATb Ba KapaHflamoM. To underline nOAHIlTbCH see nOAHHMATbCH words in pencil. nOAOaCAIATb, -y, -emb, -yi, past 2. fig. to emi)hasise. B flOKJiaae noflOjKAaji, no;to>KAajia, no;to>KAa- H ooflHepKHyji 3HaHeHHe 3Toro ji|o, -H p. Koro? HTO? or Hero? H3o6peTeHHH. In my report I to wait emphasised the importance of noTô>KAeM eme HeMHoro! LeVs wait this invention. a hit longer! ÔJ^HEPKHyTb see nonq£pKH- nOjaiOflTfl see no^xoAflTb BATb noflnncATb êe noj^niicbiBATb nOAT>E35KA|Tb, -lo, -emb. -lox imp. nOAnflCbIBA|Tb, -H), -emb, -iot imp. K KOMy? K qeMy? / p. noAT.6- H T 0? / p. noAHHcaTb, no;i;nHiny, xaxb, noA-beAly, -emb, -yx to ap- noflniiraeinb, noAniimyT to sign proach, to drive up to noAOHcaxb flOKyMeHT. To sign a nofl-beaHtaTb k ropoAy. To approach document. IIo/inHcaTb ôroBop. To the town. ABx66yc noA'bexafl k oc- sign a treaty. IloAnHcaTb corjiaine- xanoBKe. The bus drove up to. the stop. HHe. To sign an agreement. nOJliT>EM m. IIOAPOBHIblfl, -afl, -oe, -He; adv. 1. ascent. U.oji'heM b ropy 6hji xpy- no;tp66HO detailed flCH. Climbing the mountain was lioApoGHoe HHCbMo. A detailed let- difficult. ter. Oh noAp66HO paccKaaaJi o cbogh 2. enthusiasm. ApTiicTU nrpaJiH c noesAKe. He described his trip in CoJibmiiM noAteMOM. The actors detail. performed with great enthusiasm. ÔJ^PyÂ /. (female) friend nOAT>EXATb see nO/^TjESaCATb niKoJibHaa noApyra. A school friend. nOESJi; m., pi. -a train no;i;pyra aexcTBa. One's playmate. CKopHH noesA. A fast train. Exaxb ÔJ^PyHCflTbCH, noApyjKycb, no- Ha noesAe. To go by train. Ilepe- flpywHmbCH, noApyacaxcH p. c cecxb Ha noesA- To change for a train. K e M? to become friends nOE3mKA /., gen. pi. -ok trip, tour nOflpyJKHTbCH C HOBHMH TOBapH- HnxepecHaH noesAKa. An interesting ntaMH. To make new friends. Bhct- trip. IIoeBAKa no crpaue. A tour of- po noApy>KMTbCfl. To become friends the country. quickly. nOECTb, HoeM, noemb, noecT, ooeAiiM, nOATBEP^flTb see nOATBEP- nocAHTe, HoeAHT, past noeji, -a, -o, ÂATb -H to eat ^0;^TBEP3KÂ|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot noHACM HoeAHMl Let's go and get imp. q T o?/p. noATBeplAHTb, -Hcy, something to eat! -flHmb, -AflT to confirm nOF.XATb, noeAly, -emb, -yT p. k y- Oh noATBepAHJi, hto npHaei saBx- A d? Ha q e M? to go, to drive pa. He confirmed that he would Iloexaxb Ha aKCKypcnio. To go on come the next day. an excursion. ABT66yc ocTaHOBHJiCH nOJ^YMATb see ^yMATb OKOJio AOMa, a hotom noexaJi jianh-

^0;^ym|KA /.. gen. pi. -en pillow. me. The bus stopped near the house cushion and then drove on. JleTOM mm no- nOJ^XO/^flTb, noflxojKy, noaxoAnmb, CAGM na i6r. In summer we shall go noAxoAHT imp. k k m y? k h e- to the south. My?/p. noflOHlTH, -fly, -flemb, -ayx, <> Iloexajio na Mexpo! (colloq.) past noflomeji, noAomJi|a, -6, -h Let's go by the underground! 1. to approach, lIoAXOAiiTb k ok- nOaCAJIETb see HCAJIETb Hy. To approach the window. nOJKAjIOBATbCH see JKAJIOBATb- 2. KOMy? to fit. 3xH xy^Jin Mne CH noflxoflHT. These shoes fit me. nOJKAjiyflCTA particle please nOflHEPKHBAITb, -K), -emb. -iot HaBHHHTe, noHtaJiyncTa. Excuse me imp. q T o?/p. noflqepKHlyxb, -y, please. J^aHTe Mne, nowaJiyncTa, -Smb. -yT KHiiry. Will you give me the book. noHC 103 noK

please? CKa>KHTe, nowaJiyncTa, r^e his birthday. IIoBjtpaBJiflio c Hobhm Mexpo? Could you tell me where the toaom! / wish you a Happy New underground station is, please? Cna- Year! ch6o. — HoKajiyHCTa. "Thank you." n03HAK0MHTbCH see 3HAK0- ''Don't mention it." MHTbCH nOUKkTh see nOJKHMATB & HCATb nOBMATb see JIOBflTb no5KEJIAHHE neut. wish ^Ofl[|Tfl,-;^y, -aemb, -;tyx, past nomeji,

HoBoroAHHe nojKejiaHHH. New noniJija, -6, -h p. Ky ji, a? -{- inf. Year's wishes. to go noaCEJIATb see ÊJIATb noHXH B xeaxp, na KOHêpx. To go nOHCHJIIOfl, -an, -6e, -He elderly to the theatre, to a concert. Mh n05KHMA|Tb, -K), -eniL, -jot imp. noHêM ceroAHH BenepoM b rocxH. H T 0? / p. nojKaxb, nojKM|y, -emb, Tonight we shall go visiting. Oh -yT to press Me^JieHHO nomeji k ABepn. He 1.: Ohh KpenKO noJKajiH jtpyr apyry slowly went towards the door. IIoH-

. pyKH. They shook hands heartily. AeM TyJiHThl Let's go for a walk/ 2.: nojKHMaxb nJieHaMH. To shrug <>noniJiH B KHHOl (colloq.) Let's go one's shoulders. to the cinema! n03AB0THTbCH see 3AB0THTbCH nOKA nOSABflÔBATb see 3ABflja(0BATb 1. adv. yet. Oh noKa ne y^HxcH. noaABTPAKATb see BABTPAKATb He doesn't go to school yet. nOSABHEPA adv. the day before 2. conj. while. * IIOKa mh aaHHMa- yesterday JiHCb, nomeji ji,07K}},h. While we 3x0 cjiyqHJiocb noaaBqepa. It hap- were studying it began raining. pened the day before yesterday. rioKa meji ji,omjj,h, mh CHAeJiH nOSBATb see 3BATb JtOMa. We stayed at home as long n03B0HflTb see 3B0HflTb as it rained. IloKa He KOH^y II03/i;HlHfl, -HH, -ee, -ne late HHCbMo, He noHAy ryjiaxb. / nosAHHH Beêp. A late evening. won't go out before I have fin- IIoaaHHe itBexM. Late flowers. ished the letter. ^03J^H0 adv., comp. noajKe & nosA- nOKA3ATb see nOKASblBATb Hee late nOKA3ATbCfl see KA3ATbCH & 1. late. noa^HO Ho^bio. Late at nOKA3bIBATbCH night. rioa^HO Jie^b cnaxb. To nOKA3bIBAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. go to bed late. Oh npHmeJi nos- K o M y? H e M y? k o r 6? h x o? or jKe Bac. He came later than you. Ha Koro? na hx 6?//). noKaaaxb, PeSeHOK nosAHO naqaji roBopnxb. noKaJKV, noKaacemb, noKawyx The child began to speak late. 1. to show. rioKasaxb Apyry $oxo- 2. predic. impers. (it is) late. CeHnac rpa$HK). To show one's friend a noa/^HO. It's late now. IloaAHO photograph. roBopHXb o6 3X0M. It's too late 2. to point (at, to). IIoKaaHBaxb to speak about that. pyKOH Ha oSJiaKO. To point at a <> Jlyqrae nosAHO, »ieM HHKorAa. cloud with one's hand. Better late than never. Paeo hjih nOKA3bIBA|TbCH, -locb, -embCH, no3AHO. Sooner or later. -loxcfl imp./p. noKaaaxbCfl, noKa- nO3flOP0BATbCH see 3AOP(3BATb- jKycb, noKajKembcH, noKaJKyxca to CH show n033PABHTb see n03APABJlHTb Ha-aa xyq noKaaaJiocb cowinqe. The n03J5PABJlHiTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. sun showed from behind the clouds. Koro? Hxo? c HeM?/p. no3Apa|- Jlyna xo noKasHBaJiacb, xo Hcneaa- BHXb, -BJiK), -BHmb, -Bflx to Congrat- Jia aa o6jiaKaMH. The moon was now ulate visible, now hidden behind the clouds. nosApaBHXb flpyaea c npa3;5HHK0M. nOKOJiEHHE neut. generation To congratulate friends on a festive MoJioôe noKOJienne. The young gen- occasion. IIoaApaBHXb c ;^HeM po)K- eration. noKOJienne oxnoB. The JteHHfl. To congratulate somebody on older generation. noK 104 noji

nOKPACHETb see KPACHEXb 2. political. IlojiHTHqecKaH 3koh6- nOKynAlTb, -lo, -emb, -lOT imp. k o- MHH. Political economy.

r 6? H T o? K M y?//). KynHTb, Kyn- nOJIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok Jiio, Kynnmb, Kynnx to buy 1. shelf. KuHJKHaH noJiKa. A book- EoKynaTb xjie6 b MarasHne. To buy shelf. KuHrH cxoHx Ha nojiKe. bread in a shop. Kynii mhg ceroji;- The books are on the shelf. HHfflHioK) raaexy! Buy me today's 2. berth. BepxHHH (hhhchhh] hoji- paper/ Ka B Barone. An upper (lower) nOKyPflXb see KYPflTb berth in a railway carriage. Jle- nOKymATb see K^^fflATb Hcaxb Ha BepxHeH nojiKe. To lie nOJI m., prepos. na -y; pi. -h floor on an upper berth. Hhcthh noji, A clean floor. IIo^tMe- <0* IIojioHCHTb 3y6iJ Ha nojiKy. To Taxb noJi. To sweep the floor. fleiH starve. HrpdJiH Ha noJiy. The children were nOJlH|blB[, -afl, -oe, -we, short form playing on the floor. noJiOH, nojiH|a, -6, -w n6jI|E neut., pi. -a 1. full. IIojiHbiH cxaKan BOflH. A 1. field. ninpoKoe nojie. A large flass full of water. 3a Ji n6jiOH field. PacTH na noJie. To grow pHxeJien. The hall is full of in a field. PaSoxaxb b noJie. To spectators. KoMHaxa, nojiHafl work in the field. CBexa. A room full of light. 2. fig. field. HlnpoKoe nojie jtea- 2. complete. IIoJiHaH cBoGoAa. Com- xeJibHOCXH. A wide field of activ- plete freedom. IIojihhh oxamx. ity. Complete rest. 3. field. MarHHXHoe noJie. A magnet- 3. stout. nojiHbiH neJiOBCK. A stout ic field. man. 4. pi. brim. niJinna c hojiamh. A nOJIHOCTbK) adv. completely hat with a brim. H noJiHOCxbK) corjiacen c BaMH. / nOJIE3HO adv., predic. impers. (it is) am in complete agreement with you.

useful nOJIOBflHA /. half EMy nojiesHO MHoro ryjiaxb. It is IIoJiOBHHa nyxH. Half the way. ITo- useful for him to walk a lot. BoJibHO- JiOBHHa roAa. Half a year. EepBaH My nojiesHO nnxb (|)pyKx6BHH cok. It nojiOBHHa HrpLi. The first half of is good for the sick man to drink a match. Bxopafl noJiOBHHa XIX Be- fruit juice. Ka. The second half of the 19th nOJIE3Hlblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short century. CcH^ac noJiOBHHa raecxoro. form nojieaen, noJie3H|a, -o, -h It is half past five. IIpHXOAH- useful xe B DOJioBHHe mecxoro. Come at noJiesHafl KHiira. A useful book. half past five. nojiesHHH coBex. Useful advice. nOJIOHCEHHE neut. situation nOJlET m. flight 3KOHOMHHecKoe noJiOHteuHe. The OnacHHH nojiex. A dangerous flight. economic situation. TflweJioe nojio- CoBepniHXb nojiex. To make a flight. jKenne. A difficult situation. OKa- nOJIEjTETb, -Hy, -XHuib, -xhx p. to fly aaxbcfl B xpy^HOM noJiojKenHH. To HoJiexexb b kocmoc. To fly to outer find oneself in a difficult situation. space. HaHXH BHXOA H3 jiK)66ro noJiowe- nOJIflTHKA /., no pi. policy, politics HHH. To find a way out of any BnemnHH noJiHXHKa. Foreign poli- situation. cy. BnyxpeHHHH nojiHXHKa. Home nOJIOHCflTb see KJIACTb policy. 3aHHMaxbCH uojimxhroh. To nOJIOTEnmE neut., gen. pi. -e^ tow- go in for politics. el nOJlHTflHECKlHfl, -afl, oe, -ne Moxnaxoe noJioxcHue. A Turkish 1. political. IIoJiHXHHecKaH o6cTa- towel. BbixHpaxb pyKH nojioxenuew. HOBKa. The political situation. To dry one's hands with a towel. IIoJiHXHqecKaH 6opb6a. A politi- nOJITOPA m. & neut., gen. noJiyxopa; cal struggle. IIojiHXHHecKHH flea- nojixopM /., num. one and a half TeJib. A politician. nOJiyOCTPOB m., pi. a peninsula .

noji 105 noM

nOJiyHAITb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. BocnojiBBOBaxBCH cjiyqacM. To qTO? OT Koro? OTKYAa?/ avail oneself of an occasion. IIojib- p. nojiyqHTB, nojijrqy, nojiy^HmB, BOBaXBCH BOBMOJKHOCXBK). To noJiynaT avail oneself of an opportunity. 1. to receive. IIojiyHaTB nacBMa h3 IIoJiBBOBaxBCH opaBOM. To exer- AOMa. To receive letters from home. cise the right. IIojiy^HTB ;êHB^H 3a pa66- 2. no p. to enjoy. IIojiBaoBaxBCH Ty. To get money for one's HBBecxHOCXBK). To be well known. work. HojiyHHTB nojtapoK ot ot- nOJIIOBflTb see JlIOBflTb Hdi. To get a present from one's nOJlIOBOBATbCH see JIIOBOBATb- father. HojiyHHTB npHrjiamcHHe. CH To receive an invitation. nOJIIOC m. pole 2. to get. IIoJiyqHTB nyntHMH pe- CeBepHMH nojiioc. The North Pole. syjiBTaT. To get the necessary HayqnaH aKcneîinHH na KDjkhhh result. HoJiyqaxB caxap hb cbck- nojiioc. A scientific expedition to JiBi. To obtain sugar from beetroot. the South Pole. 3. to receive. HoJiyHHTB sBaHHe nOMEmATb see MEIHATb npoêccopa. To receive the title nOMEm^HHE neut. room, premises of professor. IIoJiyqHTB oxMCTKy. >KHJi6e ÔMe^êHHe. Living premises. To get a mark. IIojiyHHTB 6Jia- IIOMEn^HK m. landowner rOAapHOCTB. To be thanked. KpynHHH noMeni;HK. A big landown- nOJiyHAlTBCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not er. BoraxHH noMeni;HK. A rich used, 3rd pers. -excH, -iotch imp./ p. landowner. noJijrqHTBCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not IIOMHJ|;OP m. tomato used, 3rd pers. noJiy^HTCH, nojiy- CneJiue noMHôpLi. Ripe tomatoes. HaTCfl CaJiax HB HOMH/topoB. Tomato salad. 1.: y MCHH He nojiyqaexcH aaflana. nOMH|HTb, -K), -HmB, -hx imp. / can't manage the problem. CDoxo- K r 6? or q X 0? o k 6 m? o q e m? rpa$HH nojiyHHJiHCB xopomo. to remember The photographs proved to be IIoMHHXB -pojiBopL jÔM. To remember good. Saflana ne noJiyqaexcH. the house where one was born. IIom- The problem won't work out. HHXB oxna. To remember one's fa- 2.: impers. EoJiyqaexcH, hxo h bhho- ther. rioMHHXB o jxpyre. To remem- Bax. It looks as if I am to blame. ber one's friend. IIomhhxb o cboch nojiyqflxb see nojiynATb neJiH. To bear in mind one's aim. nOJiynflTbCH see nOJiyÂTbCH <> He noMHHTb ce5fl (ot rneBa). nOJIÂCA m., gen. nojiynaca half an To be beside oneself (with wrath). hour nOMOrAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. H TKjiaJi ero ii;eJiHx nojiqaca. / wait- KOMy? qeMy? qcM? &-1- inf./ ed for him for a whole half-hour. p. HOMoqB, noMory, noMOJKemb, Oh DHcaJi B xeqeHHe nojiyqaca. He noMoryx, past noMOr, -Jia, -Jio, -jih wrote for half an hour. to help nOJIb3A /. use IIoMoraxB cxapoH Maxepn. To help JlenapcxBO npHuecJio GojiBinyio one's old mother. IIoMoqB Apyry noJiBsy CoJiBHOMy. The medicine ;^66pHM coBexoM. To help one's helped the sick man very much. friend with good advice. IIoMoqb nOJIb3|OBATbCH, -yiocB, -yemBCH, 6paxy pemHXb aaflaqy. To help -yioxcH imp. q e m? / /?. bochojibbIo- one's brother to solve a problem. BaxBCH, -yiocB, -yemBCH, -yioxcH no-MOEMy 1. to use. IIojiBBOBaxBCH 6H6jiH0xe- 1 adv. my way. Oh cjêJiaJi axo no- KOH. To use a library. Hojibbo- MoeMy. He did it my way. BaXBCH HyHtHOH KHHrOH. To usc 2. paren. word in my opinion. the book one needs. IIoJiBBOBaxB- Ilo-MoeMy, oh xopomnn qejio- Cfl ycjiyraMH. To avail oneself of BeK. In my opinion, he is a good services. BocnojiBBOBaxBCfl cose- man. TOM. To make use] of advice. nOMOHb see HOMOrATb noM 106 no

nOMOmHHK m. help -K), nOHA^AlTb, -emb, -rox imp. / ChH 5mJI XOpOmHM nOMOmHHKOM p. nonacxb, nona«|y, -emb, -yx, past omy. The son was a good help to nonaJi, -a, -o, -h his father. 1. to hit. Ilonacxb b EteJib. To hit

nOMOmb /., no pi. help the mark. OKaaaib noMomb paHenoMy. To 2. to get. Honacxb b xeaxp. To get give help to a wounded man. IIpo- to the theatre. CHTb noMomn y ;^py3eH. To ask 3. to get. KaK bh cioâ nonajin? one's friends for help. IIpocHTb o How did you get here? noMomn. To ask for help. IIpHHTH 4. impers., colloq. to catch it. Mne Ha noMomb. To come to the did. nonaJio ox Maxepn. / caught it OxKasaxb b noMOmn. To refuse to hot from Mother. give help. <> KaK nonajio. Anyhow. IIonacTb He nOHEAEJILHHK m. Monday B 5p6Bb, a b r.iaa. Gf. To hit the nail on the head. B noHe;;eJibHHK mh yesjKaeM. We nO-nPEaCHEMy adv. stlll, as before leave on Monday. Ka?K;;biH: none- Oh no-npeJKHeMy jkhbcx zj^qci». He ACJibHiiK (no noHe;teJibHHKaM) y nac still lives here. 6biBaK)T JieKi^HH no JinxepaType. nonPOBOBATb see Every Monday we have lectures on HPOBOBATb nonPOCflTb see literature. HFOCflTb nonPOmATbCH see HPOmATbCH nOHHMAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. nOPAi /. time K o r 6? H T o?/p. nonaxb, noHMly, H 3Haio ero c /âsHHX nop. I've -emb, -yx, past noHHJi, noHHJia, known him for a long time. G xex noHHJiIo, -H nop npomjio MHoro Jiex. Many 1. to understand. H eac noHHJi. years have passed since then. J[o chx / understood you. Bu Bce noHH- nop MH HHHero ne snaeM o hcm. We Maexe? Do you understand every- still don't know anything about him. thing? IIoHMHxe Mena npaBHJib- nOPA^ predic. impers. it is time Hol Don't misunderstand me. Ilopa BcxaBaxb — y)Ke noSAHO. It's 2, to^ understand. MaJio Oh hohh- time to get up: it's already late. Maex B does not MysMKe. He Ilopa HflXH AOMOH. It's time to go understand about much music. home. HaM nopa oGeâxb. It's time nOHPABHTbCfl see HPABHTbCfl for us to have dinner. nOHflTHE neui. notion nOPAMCEHHE neut. defeat Gjiobo h noHHxne — pasHbie Bema. TflJKCJioe nopaHt^HHe. A heavy de- The word and the notion are differ- feat. Iloxepnexb nopawenne b boh- ent things. ne. To be defeated in a war. Hane- <0> H He HMeiO nOHHTHH O TBOefi cxH nopaJKeHHe. To defeat. pa66Te. I've no idea of your work. nOPOiniOK m., gen. -Ka powder nOHHTHlMfl, -aH, -oe, -He, short 1. only sing, powder. SyGnoH nopo- form noHHxen, noHHXH|a, -o, -u un- moK. Tooth,-powder. derstandable, clear 2. powder. JlenapcxBo b noporaKax. nOHHTHO Medicine in the form of powder. 1. adv. clear(ly). 3xo cjiobo Bam no- IIpHHHMaxb no o^HOMy nopom- HHXHO? Is this word clear to you? Ky 3 paaa b jiêub. To take one Oh roBopHJi noHHXHo. He spoke powder 3 times a day. clearly. Mne see hohhtho. Eve- nOPT m., prepos. b nopxy & o nopxe rything is clear to me. port 2. predic.impers. (it is) clear. IIoHflX- MopcKOH nopx. A seaport. PeHHoii HO, HXO B XaKOH ZÔTK^b OH HO npH- nopx. A river port. PaSoxaxb b nop- jifiT. It's clear that he won't xy. To work at the port. come in such a rain. nOPTPET m. portrait nOHHTb see nOHHMATb nOPTOeJIb m. brief-case ÔOB£JÂTb see OBEJÂTb JTO-P^CCKH adv. (in) Russian nOOBElftATb see OBEmATb ToBopHXb no-pyccKH. To speak IIOP 107 HOC

Russian. Ohh neJiH 3Ty necHio no- To build new machines accord- pyccKH. They sang this song in ing to the last word in technology. Russian. UocjieAHHe HSBecTOH. The latest nOP>lAIOK m., gen. -Ka news. 1. order. V mghh b KOMHaxe Bcer- nOCJIE3ABTPA adv. the day after fla nopHAOK. My room is always tomorrow

in order. Jl^epjKaTb BemH b no- nOCJIOBHIliA /. proverb pH;5Ke. To keep things in order. nOCIlS'inAlTb, -H), -emb, -lox p. ko- IIpHBecTii Bce b nopH;i;oK. To to? H X 0? put everything in order. Hpn- 1. to listen (for a while). Oh no- BecTH ce6H b nopaAOK. To tidy cxoHJi, nocjiymaji neMHoro h oneself up. ymeji. He stood and listened for 2. succession. PaccKaaaxb see no a while, then he went away. nopaflKy. To tell, everything in 2.: nocJiymaH(xe), passe 3xo npa- the same order as it happened. BHJibHO? Look here, is that right? <> Bee B nopnAKe. Everything is nOCJl5^fflATbCH see CJiyiHATbCa all right. nOCMOTPETb see CMOTPETb nOCA^flTb see CAaCATb nOCOBETOBATb see COBETOBATb nOCBHTflTb see HOCBHIIiATb nOCOBETOBATbCH see COBETO- nOCBHmAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. BATbCH q T 0? K o M y? 1 e M y? / />. hocbhI- nOCnOPHTb see CHOPHTb THTb, -nty, -Tiinib, -tht nOCPEAfl 1. to devote. nOCBHTHTb JKH3Hb 1. adv. amid, among. Ha yjiHn;e HayKe. To devote one's life to co6paJiacb xojina Hapo^a. Hocpe- science. Aii cxoffji peSenoK h nJiaKaJi. A 2. to dedicate. nocBflmaxb KHnry crowd of people had gathered in flPyry. To dedicate a book to the street. Among the crowd one's friend. stood a child, crying. nOCETflTb see HOCEmATb 2. prep. -{-gen. in the middle of. nOCEmAlTb, -K), -emb, -jot imp. IlocpeaH nji6n;aAH — KpacHBHH Koro? mo?/ p. noce|THTb, -my, $0HxaH. In the middle of the -THOIb, -THT square there is a beautiful foun- 1. to visit. noceni;aTb 6ojibH6ro to- tain. BapHn5a. To visit a sick friend. Uo- nOCCOPHTbCH see CCOPHTbCH cexiiTb Myaen. To visit a museum. nOCTABHTb see CTABHTb 2. no p. to attend. nocen;aTb JieK- nOCTAPATbCa see CTAPATbCH nHH. To attend lectures. nOCTEJIb /. bed nOCJIATb see HOCblJIATb BojibHOH AOJi/KGH Jiewaxb B nocxe- nOCJIE JiH. The patient must remain in 1. adv. later. Mojkho npHHXH cea- bed. EMy neJibsa BcxaBaxb c no- qac? — Hex, npnxoAH nocjie. cxeJiH. He is not allowed to get up. ""May I come now?" "No, come nOCTEHEHHO adv. gradually later.'' Oh nocxeneHHO npnBUKaJi K kjih- 2. prep. -\- gen. after. IlocJie oSefla. Maxy. He gradually got accustomed After dinner. IlocJie paSoxH. After to the climate. work. MojKHO MHe BSHXb 9xy nOCT05lHH|bia, -aa, -oe, -He con- KHHry nocJie nee? May I have stant; adv. nocxoHHHO constantly, the book after her? always nOGJl£jO[H|na, -HH, -ee, -ne last IIocxoaHHaa xeMuepaxypa. A con- nocJiGAHHH AGHb MecHn;a, The last stant temperature. Pe6eH0K nocxoan- day of the month. Kxo nocjieAHHH? HO 6oJieex. The child is always ill. Who is the last? nOCTOlHTb, -ro, -nmb, -ax p. <0» EopoTbCH Ao nocJie^HeH KanjiH 1. to stand (for a while). CnAHxe, KpoBU. To fight to the last drop He SecnoKOHxecb, a nocxoio. of blood. CosAaBaTb HOBue ManiH- Keep your seat, and don't worry; Hbi no nocjieAHeMy cjiOBy TexHHKH. I'll stand. Oh nocToaji neMHoro I

noc 108 no3

H ymeji. He stood for a while HH3KHH noxoJiOK. A low ceiling. and then went away. Ha noxoJiKC bhchx jiaMna. A lamp 2.: nocT6H(Te)! Wait! is hanging from the ceiling. nOCTPflHbCH see CTPflHbCH nOTOM adv. then nOCTPOHTb see CTPOHTL CnaHaJia mm nooSejiajiH, a noxoM nOCXyilAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. nomjiH ryjiflxb. We first had dinner p. nocxynHTb, nociynjiio, nociy- and then went for a walk. namb, nocTynflx nOXOMy HXq [mxo] conj. because 1. to act. HecTHO nocTynaxb. To Oh He HHcaJi naceM, noxoMy mo act honestly. IlJioxo nocxyniixb. 6uJi saHflx. He didn't write letters To act badly. because he was busy.

2. K y fl a? to enter, riocxynnxb b nOXOH^Xb see XOH^Xb HHCXHXyX, Ha HCXOpHHeCKHH $a- nOXPEBOBAXb see XPEBOBAXb Kyjibxex. To enter an institute, nOXPOPAXb see XPOPAXb the history department. Ilocxy- nOXHH^Xb see XHH^^Xb nnxb Ha pa66xy. To take up work. noyjKHHAXb see YHCHHAXb 3.: HocxynHJio npefljio^Kenne. There nOXBAJiflXb see XBAJlflXb is a proposal. ÔX0'J^ m. hike nocxynflTb see nocxynAxb TypHcxHqecKHH noxoj. A walking- nOCX:9'n|OK m., gen. -Ka action tour. Xo;5HXb B uoxojs,. To hike, to HecxHHH nocxynoK. An honest ac- go on a walking-tour. tion. CoBepmnxb repoHHecKHH no- nOX05K|Hfl[, -an, -ee, -ne, short form cxynoK. To accomplish a feat. noxojK, -a, -e, -h resembling nOCXyHAXb see cxyÂXb Ha Koro oh hoxojk? Whom does he nOCS^Â /. crockery look like? Oh hoxoh? na Moero 6paxa. âHHafl nocyâ. Tea-things. Mbixb He looks like my brother. nocvay. To wash up. nOU;EJIOBAXb see IliEJIOBAXb nOCblJlAIXb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. nOIÊJIOBAXbCH see E(EJIOBAXbCH Koro? Hxo? KOMy? HeMy? nOHBA /. soil or K KOMy? /p. nocjiaxb, nomji|K), nOHEM>^ adv. why -emb, -K)x HoqeMy bh onosflaJin? Why are 1. to send. Maxb nocjiaJia pe6eHKa you late? B MarasHH sa XJie6oM. The mother nOHEM^-XO adv. for some reason sent her child to the shop for HoqeMy-xo oh ne npHme-i. For some some bread. Ero nocjiaJiH Ha reason he has not come. pa66xy b GapaxoB. He was sent nOHEXHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He honorary to work in Saratov. HoêxHoe aBanne. An honorary title. 2. to send. Ilocjiaxb nncbMO po;;H- noHexHHH rocxb. A guest of honour. xejiHM. To send a letter to one's nOHHHflXb see HHHflXb parents. nOHflCXHXb see HflCXHXb, 1 noCKlJIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok parcel nOHXA /. IIoqxoBafl nocMJiKa. A parcel sent 1. post. HocHJiaxb hx6-jih6o ooh- by post. OxnpaBHXb nocHJiKy. To xoH (no no^xe). To send some- send a parcel. IIojiyHHXb nocwJiKy thing by post. ox pojiHxeJieH. To receive a parcel 2. post-office. PaSoxaxb na noHxe. from one's parents. To work at a post-office. HoHxa no-xBOEMy pa66xaex c 7 yxpa ffo 12 hohh. 1. adv. as you wish. Bee 6yflex no- The post-office is open from xBoeMy. Everything will be done 7 in the morning to 12 at night. as you wish. nOHXfl adv. almost 2. paren. word in your opinion. Oh oxflHxaJi no^xii aBa Mecnna. He IIo-xBoeMy, 3X0 npaBHJibHO? Do rested for almost two months. you think it's right? nOH^BCXBOBAXb see HS^BCXBO- nOXEPHXb see XEPflXb BAXb nOXOJIlOK m., gen. -Ka ceiling norayxflxb see rayxflxb Bhcokhh noxoJiOK. A high ceiling. n09X m. poet no3 109 nPE noSTOMy adv. that is why nPAB|bIfl^, -aa, -oe, -ne right IloineJi AOJKflb, noaxoMy mm ocxa- ITpaBaa pyKa. The right hand (arm). jiHCb AOMa. It began raining, that's nPAB|blfi2, -aa, -oe, -He, short form why we stayed at home. npaB, npasa, npaslo, -h nOHBflTbCa see nOHBJIilTbCH 1. only short form right. Oh npaB nOHBJlHlTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -rox- B axoM Bonpoce. He is right in CH imp. r 3 e? / p. noHBHXbca, hohb- this question. Bu He npaBH. You jiiocb, noHBHmbcn, hohehxch to ap- are not right. pear, to come out 2. only complete form right. Bo- Ha He6e noHBHJiHCb SBesAU. Stars poxbca 3a npaBoe êjio. To fight came out in the sky. for the right cause. nOHC m., pi. -a nPAS^HHK m. holiday, festive occa- 1. belt. Iloflc najibxo. A coat belt. sion niHpoKHH noHC. A wide belt. 3a- Hai^HOHaJibHHH npasAHHK. A nation- cxernyxb none. To fasten the belt. al holiday. IlpaBAHHK IlepBoro 2. waist. Gxonxb b bojib no none. Man. The First of May holiday. To stand waist-deep in water. HosApaBJiaxb c npaaAHHKOM. To nPABAA / congratulate on a holiday. 1. truth. 3x0 npaB;â. This is the nPASaHHHHIblfl, -aa, -oe, -ne fes truth. ToBopiixb npaB^y b rjiaaa. tive, holiday-like To speak the truth to somebody's npasAHHqHHH ropoA- A holiday- face. like city. npasAHHHHHH Benep. A 2. used as pred. it is true. npaBâ, festive evening-party. IIpaSAHHHHHH: njo OH yexa.i? —IIpaBna. "/.? it KOCxioM. One's best clothes. IIpaBA- true that he has left?" — ''Yes, HHHHoe Hacxpoenne. A holiday mood. it is." ^PA3J^H|0BATb, -yro, -yemb, -yrox «0^ Ho npaBj];e roBopa... To tell the imp. H X 0? to celebrate truth... HpaSAHOBaxb noSe^y. To celebrate nPABAflBlblfl, -aa, -oe, -He truthful a victory. IIpasflHOBaxb ^^Hb po)K- npaBAHBEiH êjiOBeK. A truthful jênna. To celebrate one's birthday.

man. HpaBAHBEie rjiaaa. Truthful nPAKTHKA /. eyes. IIpaBAHBaa ncxopna. A true 1. practical work. Iloexaxb aa npaK- story. XHKy. To go to practical work. nPABHJIO neut. IIpoxoAHXb npaKXHKy na saBOAe. 1. rule. IIpaBHJio rpaMMaxHKH. A To do one's practical work at a grammar rule. TpyflHoe npaBUJio. plant. A hard rule. 2. practice. GBaaaxb xeopnio c npaK- 2. only pi. rules. Go6jiK)Aaxb npa- XHKon. To link theory with prac- BHJia. To observe the rules. tice. <> KaK npasHJio. As a rule. nPAKTflqECKIHtt, -aa, -oe, -ne nPABHJIbHIblS, -aa, -oe, -He; adv. 1. practical. HpaKXHqecKHe aana- npaBHJibHO correct; right xna. Practical studies. HpaBHJibHHH oxBex. A correct an- 2. practical. HpaKxaqecKHH conex. swer. Oh npaBHJibHO pemnji 3afl;aHy. Practical advice.

He solved the problem correctly. nPAHEHHIAa /., gen. -on laundry IIpaBHJibHo! That's right/ GAanaxb 6ejibe b npaqeqayio. To nPABflTEJIbCTBO neut. government send one's washing to the laundry. nPAB|0 neut., pi. -a nPEBPATflTb see HPEBPAmATb 1. right. HaGnpaxejibHoe npaBo. 6"^/- nPEBPATflTbCH seeHPEBPAlHATb- frage. TpaJK^aHCKHe npaBa. Civil CH rights. ITpaBO na xpy;^. The right nPEBPAIHAITb, -10, -enib, -K)x inip. to work. IIpaBO Ha oxahx. The K r 6? q X o? B K o r 6? b o ^ x 6?/ right to rest. IIojibaoBaxbca npa- p. npeBpa|XHXb, -my, -xnrab, -xht BaMH. To exercise one's rights. to turn (into) 2. law. Hayqaxb npaBo. To study HpeBpaxHXb nycxwHio b ca^- To law. turn a desert into an orchard. nPE 110 nPE

nPEBPAipAlTbCH, -locb, -embCH, 2. K r 6? KOMy? to introduce. -lOTCH imp. B Koro? boht 6?/ IIoBBOJibxe npejtcxaBHXb Baw to- p. npGBpalTiiTbCH, -mycb, -xHinbCH, Bipamc* H. Let me introduce -THTCH to turn (into) Comrade N. Bofla npespaTHJiacb b nap. The wa- nPE^CTGlHTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not ter turned into vapour, used, 3rd pers. -nx, -hx imp. k o- IlPEAÂrA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. M y? q e M y? to be ahead KOMy? HGMy? HTO? & + HaM npe;^cxoHX HHxepecnaH noeafl- inf. I p. npej^JiowHTb, npejtJioHty, Ka. We are faced with an interesting npejtJiojKHmb, npeflJiojKaT journey. Mne npe;;cxoHx noexaxb na 1. to offer. Oh npeflJioJKHJi naM ceBep. / am to go to the north. KOê. He offered us coffee. HPEAynPEAflTb see HPEAynPE- 2. to suggest. Oh npeTtJiojKHJi hoh- HCaATb TH B KHHO. He suggested that we nPE^ynPEHCAAlTb, -lo, -emb. -k)t should go to the cinema. imp. Koro? hxo? o ne m?/ nPEaJlOHCEHHEi neut. p. npe;tynpelAHXb, -my, -AHmb, -aht 1. proposal, suggestion. Bhccth 1. t^ warn. npeAynpe;i;HXb êjioae- npe^JiojKeHHe Ha coopaHHH. To Ka o6 onacHocxH. To warn a per- make a proposal at a meeting. son of danger. IlpeflynpeAHXb ox- BocnojibBOBaxbCH npeflJiojKeHneM. paA npH6jiH?KeHHH epara. Ta To avail oneself of a suggestion. warn a detachment of the ap- ITojiesHoe npeaJiojKeHne. A use- proach of the enemy. ful suggestion. 2. to prevent. ripej^ynpewAaxb 6o- 2. proposal. CAeJiaib npeajioweHHe jiesHb. To prevent a disease. jik)6hmoh flGByniKe, To propose to the girl one lovec. 1. adv. before, first of all. Uipemji,& nPE^^JIOaCEHHE^ neut. sentence; MH BcxpeâJiHCb nacxo. We used often to meet before. Upemj\e nPEAjioHCfiTB see HPEAJlArATB Bcero, cKa>KHxe rjiasHoe. First nPE^MET m. of all, tell me the main thing. 1. object. TH>KeJibiH npeflMex. A 2. conj. before. ITpcjKae qcM roBO- heavy object. pnxb, nOAyMan. Think before you 2. subject. H HsynaJi axn npeflMexu speak. B niKOJie. / studied these subjects nPEH{H{Hfl, -HH, -ee, -ne former at school. B nprnnee BpeMH. In former times; DPE^ÎIPHHTHE neut. enterprise in the old days. npe>KHHH nanaJib- Pa66xaxb na npe^npHHXHH. To work HHK. The former chief. at an enterprise. CoBpeMeHHoe npefl- npHflxne. A modern enterprise. nPEKPACHlblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short nPEACEÂTEJIb m. chairman form npeKpacen, npeKpacHja, -o,. ^pe;^ceflaxeJIb co6paHHH. The chair- -h; adv. npcKpacHO man at a meeting. EpeflceflaxeJib 1. beautiful. Ona 6Mjia npeKpacna. KOJixoaa. A collective-farm chairman. She was beautiful. nPEflCTABflTEJIb m. representative 2. fine, wonderful, beautiful. Ilpe- weather. ripeflcxaBHxeJifi Hapojia. Representa- KpacnaH noroâ. Fine IIpeKpacHHH cneKxaKJib. won- tives of the people. IIpeACxaBHxejiH A 3aB6;ia. Representatives from a derful performance. Oh HpeKpacHO plant. xannyex. He dances beautifully. 3. as particle good, fine. nPEnCTABHTb see nPE^CTAB- used very JlflTb IIpeKpacHO, H saBxpa npHAy. good, I'll come tomorrow. nPE^CTABJlUlTb, -K), -emb, -lox Very <> B OfliH npcKpacHbiii A^Hb. One imp. I p. npeflcxalBHXb, -bjik), -BHmb, -BHX fine day. 1. H X 0? to imagine. IIpejtcxaBJiHXb nPEKPATflTb see nPEKPAmATb ce6e KapxHHy 6yAyntero. To nPEKPATflTbCHsee nPEKPAIIlATb- imagine the future. Cfl C

nPE 111 nPH

nPEKPAmAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. 4. on, with. PlMCxb hx6-jih6o npn g T 0? & 4" ^^f- I P- npeKpaJTHTb, ce6e. To have something with one. -my, -THinb, -THT to stop 5. in. npn csexe Jiynw. In the moon- IIpeKpaTHTb paarOBop. To drop a light. conversation. IIpeKpaTHTe paaroBa- nPHBJlHHCAlTbCH, -locb, -erabcn, pHBaTb! Stop talking! -lOxcH imp. K KOMy? k neM y?/ nPEKPAmAjTBCH, 1st & 2nd pers. p. npH6jiH|3HXbCH, -5Kycb, -amnbCH, not used, 3rd pers. -btch, -iotch imp./ -3flXCfl p. npeKpaT|HTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not 1. to approach, noea;^ npnSjiHmaex- used, 3rd pers. -htch, -htch to stop CH K ropoay. The train is ap- He npeKpamaJiCH. The rain proaching the town. HpnGJiH- JÔJKflb \ fig. didn't stop. Bexep npeKpaxH.ncH. BHXbcH K iêJiH. To get nearer to The wind has abated. one*s aim. nPEMHH /. bonus 2. fig. no p. to draw nearer. npnSJiH- HoJiy^HTb npeMHK). To get a bonus. HtaexcH npasAHHK. The holiday nPEO;i,OJIEBAlTb, -K), -erab, -iot is drawing near. imp. ^ T o?/p. npeoflOJie|Tb, -lo, nPHBJiBSHTbCH see HPHEJIH- -erab, -K)T to overcome HCATbCH HpeoAOJieBaxb npenHxcTBHH. To nPHBOP m. overcome obstacles. EpeoflOJieTb yc- 1. device, instrument. To^HHe I TaJiocTb. To overcome fatigue. Ilpe- npH66pbT. Precision instruments. OflOJieTb CTpax, To overcome fear. 2. set. 06eAeHHHH npnSop. Cover. nPEOJÔJIETb see nPEOÔJIEBATb BpnxBeHHHH npH66p. Shaving nPEnOÂBATEJlb m. teacher requisites. OnHTHHH npenoflaBaTejib. An ex- nPHBblBAlTb, -K), -erab, -lox imp.

perienced teacher. npenoâBaTejib Kyaa? / p. npnSHXb, npnSyAly, pyccKoro H3HKa. A Russian teacher. -enib, -yx, past npn6Hji, npH6HJia, nPEHHTCTBHE neut. obstacle npH6Hji|o, -H to arrive CepbeaHoe npenHTCTBne. A serious FjiaBa npaBHxejibcxBa npH6biJi c bh- obstacle. BcTpexHXb npennxcxBHe 3HX0M B coceAHiOK) cxpaHy. The sa nyxH. To meet with an obstacle. head of the government arrived in ripeoflojiexb Bce npenHxcxBHH. To the neighbouring country on a visit. overcome all obstacles. CaMOJiex npnSHJi xohho. The plane nPECXynjIEHHE neut. crime has arrived on time. CoBepmHXb npecxynji^HHe. To com.' nPHBb'ITb see HPHEblBATb mit a crime. nPHBECTfl see DPHBOJ^flTb nPECXynHHK m. criminal nPHBET m. regards OnacHHH npecxynHHK. A dangerous FopflHHH npHBex. Warmest regards. criminal. ApecxoBaxb npecxynnHKa. Hepeaaxb npHBex flpyry. To send To arrest a criminal. a friend one's regards. -yio, -yerab. nPH prep. -\- prepos. nPHBETCTB|OBATb, imp. 1. in one's presence. He roBopnxe -yiox koto? h x o? to wel- xaK npn mhc. Don't speak so in come my presence. Bce npHBexcxBOBaJiH bhcokofo ro- cxfl. Everyone welcomed the guest 2. under. Jlpn Xlexpe I. Under Peter I. of honour. HpHBexcxBOBaxb pemenHe de- 3. at. IIpH xeMnepaxype e 100 rpây- npaBHxejibcxBa. To welcome the coB UêjibCHH BOfla npespamaexcH cision of the government. B nap. At a temperature of 100" ^PB[BOJ^B[Tb, npHBowy, upuBOjxmmh, water turns into vapour. IIpH cepb- npHBO^Hx imp. k o r o? h x o?/ eanoM oxHoraenHH k flejiy bh ;ô- p. npHBecxH, npHBe;iIy, -erab, -yx, Sbexecb 6ojibraHx ycnexoB. // you past npHBCwi, npHBeJi|a, -6, -u adopt a serious attitude towards 1. to bring. npHBecxH pe6eHKa b what you do, you'll make great fl;excKHH ca^. To bring a child progress. to the kindergarten. nPH 112 nPH

2. to lead, /^opora npHseJia b jiec. nPHA^MblBAIXb, -K), -emb, -rox

The road led to the forest. imp. H X o? / p. ^pH;^y^^a|xb, -lo, 3. fig. to lead. 3to npHBeJio k to- -emb, -lox to make up, to think of, My, HTO... This led to... to invent 4. to quote, to cite. IIpHBOAHTb npH- HpHAyMaxb npeAJioJKeHHe. To make MepM. To quote examples. IIpHBec- up a sentence. IIpH^yMaxb hcto- TH qHTaxy. To cite a quotation. pHK). To invent a story. IIpHjtyMaHxe nPHBMKAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. HT6-HH5yflbl Think of something! K KOMy? K HOMy? &~}-inf./p. nPHESaCAlXb, -K>, -emb, -lox imp. npHBUKHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx, past KyAa?/p. npnexaxb, npn^Aly. npHBMK, -Jia, -JIO, -JIH -erab, -yx to come 1. to get accustomed. IIpHBUKaxb Ilpnexaxb b qyjKOH ropo^. To come K HOBOMy KJlHMaxy. To get accus- to a strange city. IlpHexaxb k po- tomed to a new climate. IIpHBbi- aiixenHM. To come to one's parents. Kaxb K HOBbiM xoBapnmaM. To Jlpnexaxb na xpaMBae. To come by get accustomed to new friends. tram. 2. to get into the habit (of). IIpH- nPHEXAXb see HPHESaCAXb BUKuyxb Kypnxb. To get into nPH3qAlBAXb, -K), -erab, -lox imp.

the habit of smoking. Koro? qxo? / p. npH3Ha|xb, -lo, nPHBb'IKHyXb see HPHBLIKATb -erab, -lox nPHBb'IHIKA /., gen. pi. -en habit 1. to recognise. npHsnaBaxb noBoe XopotnaH npHBMqKa. A good habit. npaBHxeJibcxBO. To recognise a Bpejieafl npHBUHKa. A dangerous new government. habit. 2. to admit, npnanaxb cbok oraH6- nPHrJIACflXb see nPHrJlAIHATb KH. To admit one's mistakes. nPHrjIAHIAlTb, -K), -eoib, -lox imp. nPH3HAlBAXbCH, -locb, -erabcn, Koro? qxo?&4- i^f- 1 P- npHFJial- -loxcfl imp. KOMy? qeMy? b CHXb, -ray, -Climb, -cax to invite êM.?/p. npH3Ha|xbCfl, -locb, -erab- npnrjiacHXb êBymKy b xeaxp. To Cfl, -lOXCfl invite a girl to the theatre. IIpH- 1. to declare. npHsnaxbCH AeByraKe rjiamaxb b rocxH. To invite some- B jhoSbw. To declare one's love to body to one's house. Oh npHrjiaciiJi a girl. AeByraKy xanneBaxb. He asked the 2. to admit. npnaHaxbCH b cbohx girl to dance with him, oranSKax. To admit one's mis- nPHrjIAIHEHHE neut. invitation riojiyHHXb npHrJiaraeHHe Ha Benep. nPH3HAXb see nPH3HABAXb see To get an invitation for an evening- nPH3HAXbCH nPH3HABAXbCH party. npHHHXb npHrnamenne no- nPHflXfl see HPflXOAflXb cexHXb cxpaHy. To accept the invi- nPHflXflCb see nPHXOAflXbCH tation to visit a country. nPHKA3 m. order GxporHH npHKaa. A strict order. Bm- m. sentence nPHPOBOP noJiHHXb npHKaa KOMaHîipa. To GnpaBeAJiHBUH npnroBop. A just carry out the commander's order. sentence. BbiHOCiixb npnroBop. To Oxâxb npHKaa coJiâxaM. To give pass sentence. IIpHBOZiHXb npnro- an order to the soldiers. BOp B HcnojiHeHHe. To execute] a nPHKA3AXb see nPHKA3bIBAXb sentence. nPHKA3bIBA|Xb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. -mych, -flHmbCH, nPHPOmftTbCa, KOMy? qeMy?-|- inf. / p. npHKa- -AfixcH p. KOMy? q e M y? to prove aaxb, npHKajKy, npHKaHcerab, npn- useful KajKyx to order Mne npnroAHJiCH xboh cobcx. Your HpHKasaxb BOHCKaM naqaxb na- advice proved useful to me. cxynJiGHHe. To order the troops to nPHPOXOBHTb see TOTOBHTb, 1 commence an offensive. nPHrOXOBHTbCa see rOXOBHTb- nPHMfiP m. CH 1. example. Bbixb npHMepoM fljia nPHA^MAXb see HPHAS^MblBAXb ;^py^HX. To set an example for nPH 113 nPH

others. GJieAOBarb npHMepy Spaxa. He was present when this conversa- To follow one's brother's example. tion took place. 2. example. IIpHBecTH npHMep. To nPHCblJlAITb, -K), -emb, -rox imp.

quote an example. Koro? Hxo? Kouy? / p. npH|- nPHHAAJIEaCjATb, -y, -wmb, -ax cJiaxb, -mjiK), -mjiemb, -mjiiox imp. K M y? H e M y? to belong 1. qxo? KOMy? to send. IIpHCHi- SeMJifl npHHaaJie>Kiix napoAy. The jraxb niicbMa Maxepn. To send land belongs to the people. letters to one's mother. IIpHCJiaxb nPHHECTfl see HPHHOCflTb HHCbMo no no^xe. To send a nPHHHMAiTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. letter by post. K r 6? H X o?//>. npHHfixb, npHMy, 2. K o r 6? 3 a h e m? to send. IIpH- npHMemb, npimyx, past npHHflji, cjiaxb 6paxa 3a KnnroH. To send npHHfljia, npimfljijo, -h one's brother for a book. 1. to receive. IIpHHHMaxb rocxen. nPHX03flTb, npHxojKy, npnxoAHmb, To receive guests. npnxoAHx imp. I p. npnaxja, npHAly, 2. to take. JIpimnMaxb JienapcxBO. -emb, -yx, past npnmeji, npHmji|a, To take medicine. -6, -H 3. to take. IIpHHflxb To pemenne. 1. to come. ITpHHXH aomoh. To decision. take a come home. ITpHXOAHXb na JieK- 4. to adopt. HpmiHXb hoblih 3a- niHK). To come to a lecture. IIpH- KOH. To adopt a new law. IIpii- xoAHXb K 6oJibH6My xoBapHiny. Hflxb pe3oJiK)ii;Hio. To adopt a To come and see a sick friend. resolution. npHHXH B rocxH. To come on a 5. to accept. IIpHHHMaxb npejiJio- visit. accept meHHe. To an offer. Hpn- 2. to set in. HpHmjia Becna. Spring Hfixb npHrJiameHHe. To accept has set in. invitation. an 3. to come. IIpHnxH k BMBOAy (pe- 6. to admit. Moero CHua npiiHHJiH meHHK)). To come to a conclusion son B HHCXHxyx. My has been (a decidon). ITpHHxii k corJia- institute. admitted to the meHHK). To come to an agree- 7.: ripHHfixb yqacxne (b hcm-jihSo). ment. To take part (in something). 4.:npHHXH B Bocxopr. To be enrap- nPHHOCflTb, npHHomy, npHHocnrnb, tured. npuHocHX imp. k o r 6? q x o?/ <> Mne B rojioey npumjia Mbicjib. p. npHHec|xji, -y, -emb, -yx, past An idea occurred to me. IlpHHTH npHHec, npnHecji|a, -6, -it B ce6a. To come to one's senses. 1. to bring. IIpHHecxii leMOAan. To IIpmlTH B cosHaHiie. To regain bring a suit-case. consciousness.

2. : IIpHHOciixb noJibsy (Bpe^). To nPHXOAflTbCH impers. npHXOAHxcH prove useful (harmful). imp. KOMy? npHHXHCb, npn- nPflHUinn m. principle / p. aSxch, past npnmJiocb to have (to) MMexb xsepALie npHHn;HnH. To have Mne npHAGxcH BaM Bce paccKaaaxb. firm principles. OcHOBHbie npimn;H- I'll have to tell you everything. HaM nw HccjieAOBaHHH. The basic princi- npnmjiocb npoHHxaxb SoJibmoH Ma- ples of investigation. xepwaji. We had to read much ma- nPHHflTb see niHlIHMATb terial. nPHPOAA /. natm-e BoraiaH npnpoAa. Rich plant and nPHHECATbCH see HPHHECbl- animal life. Hayqaxb npHpoAY- To BATbCH study nature. nPH^ECblBAlTbCH, -rocb, -embcn, nPMCriATb see nPHCblJIATb -HDxcfl imp. neM?/p. npaqecaxbCH, nPHCS^TCTBIOBATb, -yio. -yemb, npnqemycb, npHqemembCH, npn- -yiox imp. r a e? to be present ^emyxcH to comb one's hair IIpHcyxcxBOBaxb na coSpaHHii. To IIPHHflHA /. cause, reason be present at a meeting. Oh npn- CMeHXbCfl 6e3 npHHHHLi. To laugh cyxcxBOBaJi npn axoM pasroBope. without any reason. 8—4002 nPH 114 npo

nPHHTHlblfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short 6. to spend. IIpoBecxH KaHHKyjiH form npHHTGH, npHHTH|a, -o, -h; B flep^BHB. To spend one's holi- adv. npHHTHO pleasant, nice days in the country. npHHTHtiH qeJiOBBK. A nice person. nP0B0aflTb2 see nPOBOMCAXb IIpMflTHUH neeT. A nice colour. IIPOBO>KA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. IIpHHTHaH HOBOCTb. Pleasant news. K r 6? / p. npoBOfliixb, npoBOHcy, \predic. impers. Mne 61JJ10 npHHTHO npOBOAHnib, UpOBOAHX CJij'raaTb ero. It was pleasant to 1. to see (somebody home). Oh me to listen to him. npoBOfliiJi fleB5nnKy ômoh. He U.VO prep. -^ ace, colloq. about saw the girl home. FaccKajKH npo ce6fl. Tell about 2. to see off. IIpoBomaxb flpyra Ha yourself. Oh paccKaaaJi naM CKasKy BOKaaJi. To see one's friend to npo BoJiKa. He told us a tale about the railway station. Bqepa mh a wolf. npoBOwaJiH npo$coK)3HyK) êjie- *> HnxaTb npo ccSh. To read to rannio. Yesterday we saw off a oneself. trade-union delegation. nP0B|OBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT nporpAMMA /. imp. q T o? or + inf. /p. no- 1. programme. IIporpaMMa bA nHXb np66|0BaTb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox Jiex. A five-year programme. 1. to try. rionp66oBaTb peniHTb IIporpaMMa napxHH. A party aaflaqy. To try to solve the prob- programme. lem. 2. programme. IIporpaMMa Konn^p- 2. to taste. IIonpoCoBaTb cyn. To xa. The programme of the con- taste the soup. cert. TeaxpajibHaH nporpaMMa. 3.: Oh nonp66oBaJi cboh chjiu b A theatre programme. 4>yT66Jie. He tried his skill at 3. syllabus. IIporpaMMa no Maxe- football. MaxHKe. A syllabus in mathemat- nPOBfil*ItTb see nPOBEPHTb ics. nPOBEPHlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. IIFOAA|B^Tb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. H T 0? / p. npOBeplHTb, -K), -HUIb, Hxo? Koro? KOM y?//). npoAaxb, -HT to check, to try njpoflaM, npoAamb, npoflacx, npofla- EpoBepHTb ynpajKHCHHe. To check flHM, npoAaAHxe, npoAaflyx, past an exercise. DpoBepHTb onbiT. To npoAaJi, npoAajia, npoAajijo, -h to check an experiment. sell nPOBECTfl see nPOBOAflTbi Ha pwHKe npoAaiox (|)pyKXH h obo- DPOBOAflTbi, npoBOH^y, npoBOAnnib, mn. They sell fruit and vegetables npoBOAHT imp./p. npoBecTii, npo- at the market. Beflly, -emb, -yx, past nposeji, npo- nPOÂBllim m., gen. -na shop-assis- Bejila, -6, -A tant, salesman 1. Koro? H X 0? KyA^? to lead. PaSoxaxb npoflaBuoM. To work as Oh npoBCJi rocxH b KOMHaxy. a shop-assistant (salesman). He led the guest into the room. nPOAATb see nPOMB^Tb IIpoBecxH napoxoA no KanaJiy. nPOAOJlHCAITb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. To navigate a ship through a Hxo? & -f inf. to continue canal. IIpoAOJijKaxb pasroBop. To continue 2. to run over. IIpoBecxH pyKon no the conversation. IIpoAOJiHtaxb nexb. BOJiocaM. To run one's hand over To continue singing. one's hair. nPOAOJlHCAlTbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. 3. to draw. IIpoBecxH jihhhk). To not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -ioxch draw a line. imp. to last 4. to put. IIpoBecxH KaH^Ji b ny- CoSpanne npoôjiHtaJiocb ao B^ne- cxMHe. To cut a canal through pa. The meeting lasted till the the desert. IIpoBecxH paflHO, raa. evening. To put radio, gas (in the house). IIP0J^0J13KEHIIE neut. continuation 5.: IIpoBecxH aKCKypcHio. To con- IIpoAOJiweHHe pa3roB6pa. The conduct an excursion. tinuation of a conversation. IIpoAOJi- npo 115 npo

weHHe poMana. The continuation of 2. fig. to make. IIpoHSBecTH rjiy66- a novel. Koe BnenaTJieHHe. To make a ^ IIpoflOjiHceHne cjieffyer. To be profound impression. continued. nPOH3B0ACTBO neut. nPOAS^KTbl pi. provisions 1. output. npOHSBOflCTBO CXaJIH. npoAVKTM nHTaHHH. Food-stuffs. Steel output. MojioHHtie npoAyKTH. Dairy prod- 2. production. OpyAHH npoH3B6A- ucts. IIoKynaTb npoAVKTH b Mara- CTBa. Implements of production. 3HHe. To buy provisions at a shop. nP0H3H0meHIlE neut. pronuncia- nPOE35KA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)t imp. tion HT0?MHM0 ^ e T 6? / p. upoexaxb, IIpaBHJibHoe npoH3HomeHHe. The npoeAly, -emb, -yT correct pronunciation. 1. to drive past. IlpoeaHtaTb ropoA- nPOHSOHTfl see HPOHCXOAflTb To drive past a town. Ilpoea- nPOHCXO^flTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not jKaxb MHMO ;;6Ma. To drive past used, 3rd pers. npoHCXOAHT, npo- a house. HCXOAHT imp. I p. npOH30HTH, 1st & 2. to cover (a distance). IIpoexaTb 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. npo- CTO KHJiOMeipoB. To covcr 100 H30HAleT, -yT, past nponsomeji, kilometres. B ;;eHb mm npoea- npoHsomJija, -6, -h to happen ?KaJiH 50 KM. We covered 50 kilo- Co MHOH npoHsomeji HHTepecHHH metres a day. cjiyqan. An interesting thing hap- 3. to miss. H ne snaji, rê nyHCHO pened to me. Hto 3Aecb nponcxo- BuxoAHTb, H npoexaji ocTanoBKy. AHT? WhaVs happening here? 3Toro / didn't know where to get off 6w He npoH3omji6, ecjin 6u bh 6ti- and missed my stop, fl nacTO jiH ocTopoJKHH c omeM. This would npoesHâK) cbok) ociaeoBKy. / not happened had you been careful often miss my stop. with fire. nPO£XATb see HPOESaCATb nPOflTfl see nPOXOAflTb nP0|3KE[Tb, ->KHBy, -JKHBCmb, -JKHByT, nPOMb'IfflJIEHHOCTb /. industry past npoTKHJi, npoH^HJia, np6JKHJi|o, TflHtejian npoMumJicHHOCTb. The -H p. to live heavy industry. JlerKan npoMijm- Oh upomnji 75 jict. He lived 75 jiCHHOCTb. The light industry. Paa- years. H npoHtHJi b 3T0m ropoê BHBaxb npOMumJiCHHOCTb. To devel- 10 Jiei. / lived 10 years in that op industry. town. nPOMKimJlEHHIbin, -an, -oe, -He nP03PAHH|blfl, -afl, -oe, -ue trans- industrial parent IIpoMHmjieHHHH ropoA- An indus- nPOnrPATb see nPOflrPblBATb trial town. IIpoMHmJieHHHH n;eHTp, nPOflrPblBAITb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. paHOH. An industrial centre, region HTO? KOMy? hcm y?/p. nponr- nPOIIAAAITb, -K), -emb, -k>t imp./p, pa|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot to lose (a nponacTb, nponaAly, -emb, -yx, game, etc.), to be defeated past oponaji, -a, -o, -h Hama KOManfla nponrpajia. Our 1. to be lost, y MCHH nponaji hocoboh team lost. XIpoHrpaxb Bonny. To be nJiaxoK. / lost my handkerchief. defeated in the war. 2. to disappear. Oh ymeji BHcpa nP0H3BEA£HHE neut. work BeqepoM h nponaJi. He went npoH3BeAeHHe HCKyccTsa. A work away yesterday evening and dis- of art. IIpoHSBeAeHHfl IlymKHHa. appeared. The works of Pushkin. 3. to be wasted. BpeMH nponajio nP0H3BECTfl see nP0H3B0Ji;flTb apH. The time has been wasted. ^P0H3B0/^flTb, npoHSBOJKV, npona- <> Bee nponajio! All is lost/ fl Boflnmb, npoHSBOAHT imp. q t o?/ nponSji. / am a lost man/ p. npoH3BecTM, npoH3BeA|y, -emb, nPOnACTb see nPOHAAATb -yi,past nponsBCJi, npoH3BeJi|a,-6, -ri nPOnyCKA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -H)x imp. 1. to produce. IlpoHSBOAHTb cxan- K r 6? H X 0? / p. nponycxHxb, npo- KH. To produce machine-tools. ^y^^y, nponycxnmb, nponycxHT 8* npo 116 nPO

1. to let through, rpfiaaoe CTeKJi6 easily. Oh cnJibHO npocxyAUJicfl. nJioxo nponycKaex cbct. A dirty He caught a bad cold. glass lets the light through badly. nPOCTblHH /., pi npocxHHH, npo- 2. to let go before. IlponycKaTb cxMHb, npocxMHHM, etc. bedshect flCBymKy B^]epe;^. To let a girl nPOCbinA|TbCH, -locb, -embcfl, -iot- go before one. CH imp. I p. npocHlyxbCH, -ycb, 3. to omit. nponycTiiTb cjiobo b -embCH, -yxcH to awake flHKxaHTe. To omit a word in IlpocHyxbCH paHO yxpoM. To awake the dictation. early in the morning. 4. to miss. IIponycKaTb jicki^hh. nPOCbBA /. request To mis'i lectures. OGpaxfixbCH c upocbSoH. To make nponycTflTb see nponycKATb a request. BbinojiHHXb npdcbSy. To nPOCflTb, npomy, npocHint, npocHT comply with one's request. V MeHH imp. Koro? qxo? o HeM?& K BaM 6oJibmaH npocbSa. / have a + p. inf. I p. nonpocHTb, nonpo- great favour to ask of you. ray, iionpocHinb, nonpocflx to ask nPOTHB prep. -\- gen. npociiTb TOBapwma o noMomn. 1. opposite. Gxoaxb npoxne oKHa. To ask one's friend for help. IIo- To stand opposite the window. npocHTb hobuh jKypaaji y Apyra. 2. fgainst. BopoxtcH npoxHB Bpa- To ask a friend for a new maga- ra. To fight against the enemy. zine. Oh npociiJi nac npotiiiTaxb 3. agaiust, in the opposite direc- paccKaa eme pas. He asked us to tion. MztxH npoxHB Berpa. To read the story once more. Mu no- go against the wind. npocMJiH, îxoobi OH HOiHeji c heImh. nPOXJIAJ^Hlblfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short We asked him to go with us. form npoxjia;i;eH, npoxjiaAH|a, -o, nPOCHyXbCH see nPOCbinATbCfl -si; adv. npoxjiaAHO cool nPOCnf:KT m. avenue ripoxjiaAHMH Be4ep. A cool evening. nPOCTflTb see HPOm VTb \predic. impers. CeroAHH na nPOCTflTbCa see HPOmATbCH yjiHHe npoxjia^Ho. It is cool outside nPOCT|Ofl, -aa, -6e, -we, short form today. npocx, npocxa, npocxjo, -h; adv. nPOXO/^flTb, npoxojKy, npox6ziHnib, npocxo; comp. npome npoxoAHx imp. / p. npoHxw, npoH- 1. simple, npocxoii npnCop. A flly, -emb, -yx, past npomeji, opo- simple device, npocxaa aaâia. mJi|a, -6, -H A simple problem. 3x0 o'lenb 1. to move. IIpoHXH BoepcA. To npocxo c;j.eJiaxb. It is very sim- move to the front. IIpoHxif no ple to do. yjiHn;e. To go along the street. 2. ordinary. IIpocxoH nejioBeK. An 2. to go through. IlpoHxn qepea ordinary man. Jiec. To go through the forest. 3. npocxo particle simply, merely. H Jlyqn coJiHua ne woryx npoHXH cKaaaji axo npocxo xan. / said this CKB03b rycxyio JiHCXsy. The sun*s for no special reason. 3xo npcS- rays cannot penetrate the think cxo nexopomo. It is simply ru)t foliage. Paapemnxe npoiixH. Will nice. you let me pass, please? UPOCTPAHCTBO neut.^ space 3. to go past. Ilpoxoflwxb mhmo npocx pa HCXBo H BpeMH. Space and 3AaHHH. To go past a building. time. Be.iB03AyniHoe npocxpancxBO. 4. to cover. IlpoHXH aa aenb CoJiee A vacuum. 20 KHJioMexpoB. To cover over 20 nPOCTYAftTbCH see HPOCTS^JKH- kilometres a day. BATbCa 5. to be over. 3HMa nponiJi^. The nPOCTS'JKHBAITbCH, -locb, -embCH, winter is over. IlpomJio xpn Ha- -lOXCH imp. I p. npocxyjxHXbCH, ca. Three hours went by. npocxyjK^'cb, npocxyj^HmbCfl, npo- 6. to cease. FojioBHaa 6ojib nporajia. cxy;^HXCfl to catch cold The headache has ceased. Jô-m^h OceHbK) JiexKo mowho npocxyAwxb- npomeji 6ucxpo. It soon stopped CH. In autumn people catch colds raining. f

npo 117 nyc

7. to study. IIpoxofliiTb Kypc $h- 2. to develop. IlpOHBHXb njienKy. 3HKH. To study a course of phys- To develop a film. ics. Ilpoxoj^wTL Kypc jieqeHHH. nPI>irA|Tb, -K), -euib, -lox imp./ To undergo treatment. p. npHrulyxb, -y, -emb, -yx to jump nPOHHTATb see HHTATb HpHrnyxb êpea cxyji. To jump nPOHHIblfl, -aH, -oe, -He, short form over a chair. Ilpbiraxb c 6epera b npoHGH, npoHHa, npoHHJo, -h; adv. BOfly. To jump from the shore into npoHHO the water. Ilpbiraxb b fl;jiHHy. To 1. durable. IIpohhhh MaxepHaJi. A do a long jump. IlpHraxb b bhco- durable material. xy. To do a high jump. HpHraxb 2. fig. strong, lasting. IIpoHHtiH c napauiioxoM. To parachute. MHp. A lasting peace. Hama npb'irHyxb see npi;irATb ^pVHtCa npoqna. Our friendship nPiIM|OH, -afl, -oe, -ne, short form is strong. npHM, npHMa, npHMJo, -h; adv. nPOfflJIIblfl, -an, -oe, -He last npHMO B nporiiJiOM ro^y. Last year. Ha 1. straight. IIpflMaa jihhhh. A npouiJiOH nejêJie. Last week. straight line. HpflMaH flopora. nPOniAlTb, -10, -einb, -lox imp. ko- A straight road. M^Hxe Bce BpeMfl to? H T 0? / p. npolcTHTb, -my, npjiMO. Go straight on all the time. -CTlimb, -CTflT 2. only complete form through. 1. to forgive. IIpocTHTb êjioBGKa. ripHMoe cooSiueHHe Me?KAy ropo- To forgive a person. Jlpomaxb ;i,aMH. A through service between ouipiSkh. To forgive one's mis- towns. takes. IlpocTHTe Mena! Excuse me! 3. fig. frank. IIpHMOH oxBex. A frank 2. sorry. HpocTiiTe, bh ue sHaexe, answer. IlpflMOH xapaKxep. A ^;ê HBanoB? Sorry, do you know sincere character. GKaaaxb npaB- where Ivanov is? ITpocTHTe, bh ^y npHMO B JiHi;6. To speak the He CKajKexe, KaK npoexaxb b truth to one's face. CoKOJibHHKH? Excusc me, can nP>l|TATb, -qy, -nenib, -nyx imp. you tell me how to get to So- K o r 6? q X 0? ox koto? o x ^ e- kolniki? t6?/p. cnpajxaxb, -ny, -nemb, -nyr nPOmA.|TbCfl, -locb, -embCH, -loxca to hide

imp. c KeM? c neu? / p. npo|- ripfixaxb cnHHKH ox peSeuKa. To cxHXbcfl, -m;ycb, -cxHuibca, -cxhxch, hide the matches from the child. or Donpon;a|xbCfl, -locb, -embca, IIPH|TATbCH, -Hycb, -genibca, -nyxcH -lOXCH imp. ox Koro? ox ner 6?/ 1. to take leave. IIonpomaxbCH c poA- p. cnpH|xaxbCfl, -nycb, -qeuibca,. HHMH nepe/t oxtesAOM. To say -nyxca to hide good-bye to one's relatives before Ilpflxaxbcfl ox BparoB b Jiecy. To- one's departure. hide from the enemies in the woods. 2. fig.: npocxnxbCH c Me^xoH. To nXflUiA /. bird give up one's dream. nxHUH JiexeJiH K lory. The birds ^ npoii(au(Te)! Good-bye were flying to the south. HPOflBftTb see HPOflBJlHTb <> J^OManiHflH nxHua. (no pi.} nPOflBJlH|Tb, -K), -euib, -K)x imp. Poultry. H T 0? / />. npoHBHXb, npoHBJiio, npo- n^^rOBHIXA /. button HBHinb, npOHBflX Sacxernyxb najibxo na Bce nyro- 1. to display. IIpoHBHXb HHxepec BHiiH. To button up one's coat. K xeMe. To display an interest nyCKA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ in a subject. IlpoflBHXb BHHMa- p. nyCxHXb, nymy, nycxnmb, nyc- HHe K ycnexaM jipyra. To show xax interest in one's friend's success. 1. to let go. H HHKyaa xe6a He IlpoflBHXb 3a66xy. To show so- nymyl — CKaaaJia Maxb. "/ won't licitude. IlpOHBHXb CMGJIOCXb, let you go anywhere!" said the repoH3M. To display courage, mother. Maxb ne nycKaJia ero heroism. ryjiaxb. The mother would not nyc 118 PAB

let him go for a walk. Hx nyc- ^ Bbi cTOHxe Ha BepHOH nyr^. THJiH B flOM. They were let into You are on the right track. H^T^ the house. no BepnoMy nyxH. To go along 2. to put into operation. IlycTHTb the right road. CqacxjiHBoro ny- ajieKTpocTaHi;HK). To put an th! a happy journey/ Oh samcji electric power station into ope- KG MHe no nyxH. He dropped ration. EycTHTb noea;^. To start in at my place on the way. Ho a train service. nyxH AOMou n KynHJi raaexy. <> ElycTHTb KopHH. To take root. On my way home I bought a IlycTHTb B xoA. To set in motion. newspaper. Ha o()paxHOM nyxH. HycKfixb nbijib b rjiaaa. To show On one's way back.

nUJlb /., prepos. b hlijih dust nyCTflTb see nYCKAXb CxHpaxb HMJib. To dust. nyCT|Ofl, -an, -6e, -bie, short form nb£CA /. play nycT, nycTa, nycxlo, -u; adv. nycTO 3xa Hbeca hacx b xedxpe MaHK6B- 1. empty. IlycTOH cxaKan. An CKoro. This play is on at the Maya- empty glass. 3aJi 6hji nycT. The kovsky Theatre. 3xy nbecy no- hall was empty. Ha yjiaqe 6hjio cxaBHJi OxJiOHKOB. This play was nycTO. The street was deserted. stafed by Okhlopkov. IlbecH H6ce- 2. fig. shallow. IlycTOH qejioeeK. na. Plays by Ibsen. A shallow person. IlycTOH cnop. nbUnibin, -an, -oe, -He A pointless argument. 1. drunk. nyCTb'IHfl /. desert 2. used as n. a drunken man. nyCTb particle lot nUTEPO num. five nycTb OH npH;;eT saBxpa. Let him IlHxepo flpyaen. Five friends. come tomorrow. Ilycxb Bcerfla 6y- riHTHO neut., pi. nnxHa, nHxen stain aex c6jiHi;el May there always be HepHHJibHoe HHXHO. An ink-stain. sunshine! nyXEfflECTBHE neut. journey, voyage, trip P, P

KpyrocBexHoe nyxemecxBHe. A PABOTA /. round-the-world journey. nyxemecx- 1. no pi. work. TsimejiaH pa66xa. BHe no MODK). A voyage. Ilyxemecx- Hard work. Pa66xa aJieKxpo- BHe B EBpony. A journey to Europe. cxaHn;HH. The work of the elec- CoBepmnxb nyxemecxBne no tric power station. cxpane. To travel in a country. 2. no pi. work, job. Ilocxynnxb Ha nyXEmECTBlOBATb, -yio, -yemb, padoxy. To go to work. Iloxe- -yiox imp. to travel pHXb pa66xy. To lose one^s job. IlyxemecxBOBaxb no cxpane. To HaHXH pa66xy. To find a job. travel in a country. IlyxefflecxBO- HflXH Ha pa66xy. To go to work. Baxb no Mopio. To travel by sea. 3. work. BucxaBKa pa66x xyflOJK- fl jiio5jik) nyxemecxBOBaxb. / like HHKa. Exhibition of an artist's travelling. works. nyXb m., gen., dat,, prepos. nyxH, PABOXAITb, -H), -emb, -rox imp. instr. nyxcM; pi. nyxH, nyxen, 1. to work. Oh pa66xaex xopomo. nyxHM etc. He works well. PaSoxaxb hhjkc- 1. way. 3xox nyxb caMUH Kop6x- HepoM. To work as an engineer. KHH. This way is the shortest. Pa66xaxb b HHcxHxyxe. To work 2. journey. BaM npe^cxonx xpyflHHH at an institute. Pa66xaxb c hh- H onacHWH nyxb. There is a xeperoM. To work with interest. difficult and dangerous journey 2. to work. PaSoxaxb naa cxaxbea, ahead of you. Ha;^ KHHFOH. To work at an 3. fig. way. KaKHM nyxcM bh flo6H- article, at a book. JiHCb xaKHX peayjibx^xoB? How 3. to work. MamHHa paSoxaex {in what way) did you achieve oxJiHHHO. The machine works per- such results? fectly well. PAB 119 PA 3

^ Kto He paSoTaeT, tot hg ecT. PAJ^|OBATbCH, -yiocb, -yembca. He who does not work^ neither shall -yiOTca imp. k o m y? h e m y?/ he eat. p. o5paAloBaTbca, -yiocb, -yenibca, PABOHlHtt m gen. -ero worker -yiOTca rejoice , to PABOHiHfl, -an, -ee, -ne PÂOBaTbca Becae. To rejoice at 1. working. PaSo^HH KJiacc. The spring. Mh paAyeMca BauiHM ycne- working-class. Pa66qee jifimme- xaM. We rejoice at your success. HHe. The working-class move- PAjÔCTb /. joy, happiness ment. y Meaa 6oJibmaa paAOCTb. / have 2. working. Pa66Hee BpeMH. Work- great joy. Oh CKaaaJi Mae o6 3tom ing hours. PaSoHHH koctiom. c paAOCTbK). He told me about it Working clothes. with joy. ^ PaSoHHH flenb. Working day. PAS m. PaSoqaa CHJia. Manpower. 1. time. }KH3Hb Aaexca TOJibKO PABHOAS^mHlblfl, -aa, -oe, -He. OAHH pas. Life is given to man short form- paBHOAymeH, paBHO- only once. HecKOJibKO pas. Sev- ;(yuiH|a, -o, -m; adv. paBHo;^yI^HO eral times. indifferent 2. time. B nepBHH pas. For the Oh paBHOAynien k npnpoAe. He is first time. Ha 3tot pas. This indifferent to nature. time Oahh pas HAy a no yjiH- PABHIHH, -aH, -oe, -ue, short form ne... One day I was going along paBGH, paBHia, -6, -u the street ... 1. equal. PaBHue chjih. Equal <> KaK pas. Just. He pas. More forces. than once. Hh pasy. Not once, 2. equal. Mh Bce SACCb paBHu. We never. CeMb pas oxMepb, oahh are all equal here. pas OTpeJKb. Gf. Measure thy cloth it but 3. equal. J^bb hjiioc ^Ba paBHO ê- ten times; thou canst cut THpcM. Two plus two is four. once. -locb, -embca, -rorca -(^ Mee Bce pasHO. It's all the PA3BHBA1TBCH same to me. imp. I p. pasSaxbca, pa3o6b|i6cb, -embca, -loxca PAfl, -a, -0, -H short adf. KOMy? 1. to break. CxanaH pasSifjica. The q e M y? & m/ (to be) glad + glass has broken. CxeKJio paaSa- fl BaM oqenb pa^. / am very glad Jiocb. The glass has broken. to see you. Mm paAH BaoiHM ycne- 2. to crash. GaMOJiex pa36HJica. The xaM. We rejoice at your success. plane has crashed. PaA Bac BHflexb. I'm glad to see PA3Bflrb see BPITb you. fl pafla, mo bh npHouiH. I'm PA3BflTbCfl see PA3BHBATbCfl glad you have come. PASBYAflTb see BVAflTb PAJ^HO neut., indecl., no pi. PA3BE emphatic particle really 1. radio. MaoSpeTeHHe pa^HO. The PasBe jieKi;Ha Koannjiacb? Has invention of the radio. Ilepefla- the lecture ended? Paaae xh ae B^Tb no paAHO. To broadcast. aaaemb? Don't you know? 2. radio. ITpoBecTii paano. To PA3BEJli|KA /., gen. pi. -ok put radio (in a house). BKjnoHHTb 1. prospecting. PasBCAKa noJieaanx paAHO. To turn on the radio. HCKonaeMHX. Pro. paaaiixb, paPOBbjio, -emb, to receive your letter. -K)x to develop PA3 120 PAH

PasBHBaxb naMHTb. To develop PA3H|bin, -an, -oe, -He {sing, used one's memory. PasBHBaTb npoMtiiii- rarely) JiGHHOCTb. To develop industry. 1. different. Y nnx pasnue xapaK- PasBiiBaxb MLicJib. To develop one's Tepu, Their characters are quite idea. PasBHsaTb CKopocTb. To de- different. velop speed. 2. different. TKuTh b paanbix ropo- PASBHBAITbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not jxkx. To live in different cities. used, 3rd pers. -eiCfl, -iotch imp. 3. various. CTyAeHTu paanux na- to develop UHOHaJibHOCTen. Students of va- PeSeaoK 6faicTpo pasBHBaeTCH. The rious nationalities. êjieraTH H3 child develops quickly. IlpOMUfflJieH- paanux cTpan. Delegates from HOCTb paBBHBaexcH ycneiDHo. The various countries. industry is developing successfully. PA30nTlICb see PACXOAflTbCH PA3BflTHE neut., no pi. development PA30PBATb see PBATb Pa3BiiTne npoMuniJieHHOcTH, nay- PA3PE3ATb see PE3ATb KH. The development of industry, PA3PEfflA|Tb, -K), -euib, -iot imp. of science. qTO? KOMy? &-j- inf./ p. paape- PA3BllTb see PA3BHBATB mjHTb, -y, -Hmb, -aT to allow PA3BflTbCH see PA3BHBATbCH Paap^mHTb GoJibnoMy BCTaBaTb. To PA3rOBAPHBA|TI>, -lo, -emb, -iot allow the patient to get up. Paape- imp. OKOM? HCM? CKGM? niHTe npoiiTii! May I get past, to speak please? PaapeniHTe bohth! May I PaaroBapHBaTb c jipyrou no-pyc- come in? CKH. To speak to a friend in Rus- PA3PEraflTb see PA3PEinATb sian. PaaroBapHBaxb o saHainHX, PA3PyfflAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. SHaKOMWX. To speak about one's n T 0?//?. pa3pym|HTb, -y, -nnib, lessons, about one's acquaintances. -aT to destroy PA3rOBOP m. conversation PaapyuiHTb aom. To destroy a HHTepecHHH paaroBop. An interest- house. Pa3pymHTb ropo^. To destroy ing conversation. PasroBop no Te- a city. jie(|)6Hy. A telephone conversation. PA3JÂlBATtCH, Jst & 2nd pers. not PA3PymHTb see PA3PymATb used, 3rd pers. -ctch, -iotch imp./ PA3TbE3aCA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -eTCH, -iotch p. pasflaTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. paaâcTCH, paaâ- imp. K y A a? o t k y a a? /p- pa3T.e- xaTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, flyTCfl, past pa3/i|aJiCH, -ajiacb, -ocb, -HCb to be heard 3rd pers. paBTieAleTCH, -yTCH to go different directions PaaflaJiCH sbohok. A bell was heard. away in BâJiH pasAaiOTCH rojioca. Voices Ka>KAbiH roA CTyAeHTM paaêawd- year the are heard in the distance. PasAaJiCH lOTCH Ha KaHHKyjiw. Each yMp rpoMa. A thunderclap was heard. students disperse for the holidays. PA3AATI>Cfl see PA3;ÂBATbCfl PA3'b£XATbCH see PA3'bE3MCATb- PA3AEBA|TbCH, -locb, -enibCH, -iotch Cil

imp. I p. pa3Ae|Tbcfl, -nycb, -HenibCH, PAflOH m. -HyTCH to undress 1. region, area. 9to oCmnpHUH PaBABBaTbCfl nepea chom. To un- npoMtiniJieHHHH paaoH. It is a dress before going to bed. PasfleBaa- vast industrial area. Tecb, nojKaJiyncTa! Take off your 2. district (an administrative di- coat, pleasel vision), fl WHBy B JleHHHCKOM PA3AEJlflTb see J^EJlUiTh panoHe Mockbh. / Hue in the PA3aETbCfl see PA3JtEBATbCH Lenin district in Moscow. PA3MfiP m. size PAKETA /. rocket PasMep 66yBH. The size of foot- SanycTHTb paKCTy b kocmoc. To wear. IIoKa>KHTe, nojKaJiyncTa, launch a rocket into outer space. KOCTioM 50-ro pasMepa. Show me a PAH|HTb, -K), -HHib, -HT Koro? bo size 50 suit, please. q T 6? n e M? imp. & p. to wound PAH 121 PEB

PaHHTb nyjien. To wound with a PACT|B[, -y, -enib, -yx, past poc, -Jia, bullet. impera. Boiiua paHHJio b py- -Jio, -JiH imp. /p. BupacxlH, -y, I Ky. The soldier was wounded in the -emb, -yx, past Bbipoc, -Jia, -Jio, arm. -JIH PAHUinfl, -Hfl, -ee, -He early 1. to grow. ^epeBbfl pacxyx mca- PaHHee yipo. An early morning. JieHHO. Trees grow slowly. PaHHHe $pyKTH. Early fruit. 2. to grow up. MaJibHHK poc b PAHO adv., comp. paHBine AepeBHe. The boy grew up in 1. early. Pano yxpoM. Early in the the countryside. morning. BciaTb pa ho. To get up 3. to grow, to increase, to rise. early. Pa ho Jie^b cnaxb. To go Ham ropoA pacxex. Our town is to bed early. 3HMa nacTynHJia growing. VpoBenb mmun pacxex. paHO. Winter came early. H The living standard is rising. npnuieji paHO, a oh eme panb- 4. to grow. BanaHH pacxyx na lore. me. / came early, but he had Bananas grow m the south. come still earlier. H pano na- PACXOAflTbCH, pacxojKycb, pacxo- yqHJiCH qHTaib. / learned to flHmbCfl, pacxoAflxcfl imp./ p. paaoH- I read early. xHCb, paaoHAlycb, -embCH, -yxcH 2. predic. impers. (it is) early. 06e- 1. 1st and 2nd pers. sing not used to fl;aTb eme pano. It is too early disperse. PaaoHXHCb c coSpannn. tq dine yet. Cefiqac pano. It is To disperse after the meeting. early now. HapoA MeAJieHHO pacxoAHJicfl. ^ HeM paHbme, tbm jiyqme. The The people were slowly dispersing. earlier, the better. 2. to differ. PaaoiixHcb bo bsfjih- PAHbfflE adv. before Aax. To differ in opinion, to dis- PaHbuie OH 6eiji jtpyrHM. He was agree, y Hero cJioBa ne pacxo- different before. AflXCH c AGJiOM. His words and PACCEPAfiTbCH see CEPflflTbCH deeds are never at variance. PACCKA3 m. 3. to divorce. Paaouxiicb c MymeM (c JKeHOH). divorce one's hus- 1. story. PaccKas MaJibHHKa Mena To BSBOJiHOBaJi. The boy's story band (one's wife). moved me. PBlATb, -y, -emb, -yx, past psaJi, imp. 2. story. MHTepecHHH paccKaa. An pBaJia, pBaJi|o, -h qxo? to interesting story. C66pHHK pac- 1. p. copBlaxb, -y, -emb, -yx pick. D;BexH. To pick flow- CKaaoB. A collection of stories. PBaxb ers. PACCKA3ATB see PACCKA3bIBATb 2. p. pasopBlaxb, -y, -emb, -yx to PACCKA3blBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -K)t tear (up). PBaxb 6yMary, rasexy. H T 0? K 6 M? o H e M? imp./ To tear paper, a newspaper. p. paccKaaaxb, paccKaH«y, paccKa- \\ fig. to break off. PasopBaxb jKenib, paccKajKyx to tell oxHomeHHH. To break off rela- PaccKaaaxb HcxopHio. To tell a story. tions. PaccKasaxb o Apyre, o h

PACTEHHE neut. plant PEBOJIIDI^HH f. revolution PEfl 122 POA

PFi/^KIHfl, -an, -oe, -He; adu. pe^Ko; PEI^EnX m. prescription comp. peme Hanac^xb peq^nx. To write out a 1. (ant. rycTdfi) thin. P^AKHe b6- prescription. IloJiyHHXb jieK^pcxBO jiocH. Thin hair. Pe;5KHH Jiec. no peu6nxy. To have a prescription A thin wood. made up.

2. (ant. qacTo) rare, seldom. PeflKO PEH|b /., gen. pi. -6h 6oJieTb. To be seldom ill. 1. speech. HtHBan penb. Living 3. rare. PeAKHe MexdjiJiH. Rare speech. metals. PcAKan KHHra. A rare 2. speech. Bucxynaxb c p^qbio. To book. PeflKHH cjiyqan. A rare case. make a speech. P£3ATb, pe)K|y, -enib, -yi imp. hto? -^Peib HABT o TOM, (iToSbi)... The qeM? point is... 05 3tom hb MdHcex 6biTb 1. onZ?/ imp. to cut. Ho>K nJi6xo H pe«iH. It is out of the question. peJKCT. The knife cuts badly. PEinA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. qxo?

2. p. oTpeaaTb, 0Tpe>K|y, -emb, -yx & -f- inf. I p. pein|Hxb, -y, -nmb, -dx to cut. Peaaxb xJie6 ho}k6m. To cut 1. to decide. Mu pemHJin noHxn b bread with a knife. Oxpeaaxb KHHO. We decided to go to the KycoK xjie6a. To cut off a slice cinema. On peuiHJi ^xaxb. He of bread. decided to go. 3. p. paapeaaxb, paapejKly, -enib, -yx 2. to solve. Pemaxb aaflany. To to cut, to carve. Paapeaaxb Kypn- solve a problem. Pemaxb B^HCHbie uy. To carve the chicken. Bonpocbi. To solve important P£3K|Hfl[, -an, -oe, -ne, short form questions. peaoK, pesKa, pe3K|o, -h PEfflEHHE neut. 1. shrill. PeBKHH sbjtk. A shrill 1. decision. IIpdBHJibHoe pem^HHe. sound. PesKHH rojioc. A shrill voice. The right decision. IlpHHHXb pe- 2. harsh. Pcskhh qeJioeeK. A harsh mcHHe. To take a decision. person. Oh 6mji peaoK co bc^mh. 2. solution. PemeHHe BawHOH npo- He was harsh to everybody. 6JieMM. The solution of an impor- 3. adv. abruptly, suddenly. IIoeaA tant problem. peBKO ocxaHOBHncH. The train PEinflTb see PEfflATb stopped suddenly. PHC m., no pi. rice PESyjlbTAT m. result ypowaH pHca. Rice crops. Mhco c PeayjibxaxH 6nMX0B. The results of PHCOM. Meat and rice. experiments. IIoJiyHHXb xopomne PHC|0B.4Tb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox imp. peayjibxaxBi. To get good results. K r 6? H X o? H e M? / /?. napHCjo- ^ocxHHb xopomnx peayJibxaxoB. To Baxb, -yro, -yemb, -yiox to draw achieve good results. PHCOB^xb KapaHAam6M na 6yMare. O- B peayjibTfixe. As a result. To draw with a pencil on paper. PEKA /., ace. pcKy, pi. peKH, peK, PncoB^xb ;^0M. To draw a house. peKaM, etc. river POBH|bIfl, -an, -oe, -we; adv. p6BH0 ninpoKaH peKa. A wide river. 1. smooth. PoBHaH flop6ra. A level riJiuxb no peK6. To sail along the road. IlHc^xb poBHO. To write a river. Ha 6epery peKH. On the river smooth hand. bank, 2. fig. smooth, equable. P6bhhh PEMOHT m., no pi. repair r6jioc. A smooth voice. Pobhuh PcMOHX 66yBH. Shoe repairs. Ox- xapfiKxep. An equable temper. flaxb B peMOHX. To have (something) 3. adv., used as particle sharp. H repaired. C^^Jiaxb peMOHX KBapxH- npHAy poBHO B xpH. ril come at pu. To redecorate one's flat. three sharp. PECHtmA /. eyelash POJ^ m., pi. poflw, poHOB JljiwBHue pecHHULi. Long eyelashes. 1. prepos. B pofly family, kin PECn^BJHKA /. republic 2. prepos. b pofly birth, stock, ori- PECTOPAH m. restaurant gin; generation 06eflaxb b pecxopane. To have din- 3. sort, kind. BcHKoro p6Aa. All ner at a restaurant. kinds of. POA 123 PYK

<^ B CBoeM p5Ae. In its (his, her, publish a novel. Anxop poMana. The etc.) way. Ht6-to b otom poffe. author of a novel. Something of the sort. POCT m. POJ^HHA /., no pi. mother country 1. growth. PocT pacxeHHH. The SamHxa poAHHH. The defence of growth of plants one's mother country. TKhtl na p6- 2. growth. PocT ropoAOB. The flHHe. To live in one's country. growth of cities. Pocx npoMHin- IlHCbMO c poAHHH. A letter from jieHHOCXH. The growth of in- one's mother country. dustry. POJ^flTEJI|H no sing., gen. -gh par- 3. stature, ^cjiobok bhcokofo poc- ents xa, cpeAHero pocxa, HHSKoro t IIoMoraTb poAHTejiHM. To help one's pocxa. A person of large stature, parents. H^htb c poAHiejiflMH. To of medium stature, of small stat- live with one's parents. ure. POAlflTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not POT m., gen. pxa, prepos. bo pxy used, 3rd pers. -htch, -htch imp. mouth & p., past -HJICfl, -HJllaCb, -OCb, -HCb Bo pxy OH AepJK^Ji nannpocy He & -HJijacb, -OCb, -HCb {only p.) had a cigarette in his mouth. 1. to be born. H poflHJicH b 1930 POHJIb m. (grand) piano ^o;^y. / was born in 1930. Hrpaxb Ha poaJie. To play the piano.

2. fig. to occur. V mchh po^HJiacb PYBAmiKA /., gen. pL -ck shirt; HACfl. An idea occurred to me. chemise POOTlOfl, -aH, -6e, -He BeJiaa pySaraKa. A white shirt. 1. related by blood or affinity. Poa- HoHudH pyS^mna. A nightgown, HOH 6paT. A brother. PoAnaa a night shirt. TCTKa. An aunt. PyBJl|b m., gen. -a rouble 2. native. Poahoh Kpan. Native J^sa pySJia. Two roubles. Ilaxb land. Poahoh hswk. Mother pySJieH. Five roubles. B py6Jie cxo tongue. KoneeK. A rouble contains one hund- 3. used as n., pi. PoAHue. Rela- red copecks. tives. <> He HMefi CTO pySjiefi, a hmgh POACTBEHHHK m. relation CTO Apysefi (proverb). It's better to jJaJibHHH poACTBeHHHK. A distant have a hundred friends than a hund- relation. Bjihskhh poACTBeHHHK. A red roubles. near relation. pyrA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. kofo? POMCÊHHE neut. birth 3 a H X 6? / p. o6pyraIxb, -lo, -emb, êHb pojKAeHHH. One's birthday. -lox to scold n03ApaBJIHK) BaC C AHCM pOHtA^HHH. MaJib^HKa pyr^JiH aa njioxoe no- Many happy returns of the day. BeACHHe. The boy was scolded for P03A /. rose bad behaviour. Kpacnan posa. A red rose. ByK^x PYKA /., ace. pyny; pi. pyKH pyK, po3. A bunch of roses. pyKaM, etc. hand, arm P030B|blfl, -aH, -oe, -He pink JleBaa pyKa. The left hand (arm). PoaoBoe njiaxbe. A pink dress. IIpaBaa pyna. The right hand (arm). POJlb /., pi. pojiH, pojieH part êpHcaxb B pyKe. To hold in one's BnyHHTb pojib. To learn one's part. hand. Oh nowaji en pyny h ymeji. HrpaTb pojib raMJieia. To play the He shook hands with her and left. part of Hamlet. ^ HMeTb sojioTue pyKH. To be ^ HrpaTb BawHyio pojib (b master of one's work. Macxep ea Bce êM-Jli^6o). To play an important pyKH. Jack-of-all-trades. êpKcaxb part (in something). 3to He erpa- ce6a B pyKax. To control oneself. CT pojiH. This is of no conse- BpaTb ceSa b pyKH. To pull oneself quence. together. Hath noA pyKy* To walk POMAH m. novel arm-in-arm. BpaTb noA pyKy. To McTopHHecKHH poMaH. An historical take somebody's arm. PyKofi noAaTb. novel. OnyCJiHKOBaxb poM^H. To It's a stone's throw (from here) PYK 124 CAfl

MaxHyxb pyKOH na Kor6-jiH6o, 2. a number (of). Oh npHBeji u6- HTO-JifiSo. To give up somebody, JiuH pflA npHMepoB. He gave something. 3to b namiix pyKax. quite a number of examples. B It is in our hands. BpaTb b cboh paAe cjiyâeB axo xaK. In a num- pvKU. To take into one's hands. ber of cases it is so. BbiTb 6e3 Kor6-JiH6o, nero-JiHSo <> BbiTb b nepBbix pnA^x. To be KaK 6e3 pyK. To be quite helpless in the forefront. without somebody, something. PHAOM adv. m., gen. PYKAB -a sleeve 1. nearby. MaraawH naxoAHxcH pa- KopoTKHe pyKSBa. Short sleeves. AOM. The shop i9 nearby. pyKOBOAflTEJlb m. leader 2. by. Gxofixb phaom c CpaxoM. To PyKOBOIAflTb, -jKy, -flHinb, -flax stand by one's brother. imp. K e M? q e M? to direct, to run, to lead FyKOBOjiHTb paSoTOH. To direct the C, c work. FyKOBOjtHTb JiioflbMH. To lead people. PyKOBO;^HTb aaBOAOM. To C prep. run a plant. I. -i-gen. PycCKIHH, -aH, -oe, -ne 1. otf, from. BsHXb KHwry c dojikh. take a book the 1. Russian. PyccKHH napoA- The To off shelf. Russian people. PyccKaa npapo- 2. from. Bepnyxbcfl c paSoxbi. To come back work. ;â. The Russian countryside. from PyccKHH H3MK. The Russian 3. from. C yxpa ao Benepa. From language. morning till evening. G pannax Jiex. From one's early years. 2. used as n. Russian. Mm pyccKHe. We are Russians. 4. from. IlepeBecxH c pyccKoro H3HKa Ha (J)paHHy3CKHH. To P5^M|KA /., gen. pi. -eK translate Russian into 1. handle. PyqKa ABepn. A door- from handle. French. instr. 2. pen. ITHcaxb pyqKOH. To write II. -[- with a pen. 1. with. HejiOBCK c nopx(|)eJieM. A man with a brief-case. Bpax g PL'IBA /. cecxpoH. The brother and the 1. fish. B aKBapnyMe njiaBaJiH paa- Hwe pmSh. Various fishes were sister. ToBopMXb c ApysbHMH. To swimming in the aquarium. speak to one's friends. Bcxp6- xoBapHni;aMH. miet 2. collective fish. JIoBHXb pwCy. To xHXbCH c To one's catch fish. friends. 2. c mojiokom. 3. collective fish. }KapeHaH pmSa. with, and. K6$e Cof- Fried fish. fee and milk. <> Hii pwGa HH Mnco. Neither 3. with. Pa66xaxb c yAOBOJibcxBHCM. pleasure. GMOxpexb fish nor flesh. To work with Pb'IHlOK m., gen. -na 4)H;ibM c HHxepecoM. To see a with interest. 1. market. Kojixoshwh pwHOK. A film pi. collective- farm market. IlpoflaBaTb CAJ^ m., prepos. b caAy & o caAe; $pyKTbi Ha pbiHKe. To sell fruit caAu garden house stood in a market. JIÔM cxoflJi B caAy. The in a garden. (PpyKXOBUH caA- An 2. market. MnpoBoa pwHOK. The world market. orchard. BoxaHH4ecKHH caA- Botan- ical garden. PHfl m., prepos. o (b) pHAe & b pHAy; kindergarten. pi. pflAM <> AcTCKHH caA.yl 1. row. PflA AOMOB. A row of houses. CAlJ^flTBCH, -Htycb, -AwnifcCH, -ahxch Pha JiiOAeH. A line of people. imp. K y A a? & + inf. I p. cecxb, riepBUH pHA napT^pa. The CHAly. -emb, -yx, past ceJi, -a, -o, -h first row of the stalls. CHAeib B 1. to sit down. CaAWTbCH na cxyji. n^pBOM pflAY- To sit in the first To sit down on a chair. Gecxb 3a row. cxoji. To sit down to table. '

CA5K 125 CBE

2. to get on, in. CaflHTbcn b noes^, pendent work. GaMOcxoaxeJibHHH ê- B aBTOModHJib. To get on a train, JiOBCK. A self-dependent person. in a motor-car. }KHXb caMOCxoflxeJibHO. To live in- 3. to set (to work). GecxB sa pa66- dependently. Oh caMOcxoHxeJibHO Ty. To set to work. Hsyâex pyccKHH hbhk. He studies 4. to set. CojiHiê caAHTca. The sun Russian by himself. is setting. CAMIblfl, -aa, -oe, -He pron. CAHCAlTb, -H),^ -eniB, -k)t koto? 1. the very. 3xo KHiira, Koxopyio HTO? Kyâ? imp. I p. nocaAWTb, XH HCKaJi? — â, 3X0 xa caMaa nocajKy, nocaAHoiB, nocaAHx KHHra. "/5 this the book you 1. to put, to place. IIocaAaTb dth- were looking for?" "Yes, that's ny B KJiexKy. To put the bird the very book." into a cage. 2. very. Maraaan naxoAHXca b ca- 2. to plant. GajKaxb i^Bexti. To MOM KOHue yjiHHH. The shop is plant flowers. at the very end of the street, fl CAJIAT m. 3Haji 3X0 c caMOro naqaJia. / 1. lettuce. GBe?KHH caJiax. Fresh knew it from the very start. lettuce. 3. most. CaMHH xopomna. The 2. salad. CaJiax h3 orypiôB, h3 no- best. GaMBiii KpaCHBHH ropo^. MHAopoB. A cucumber salad, a The most beautiful city. tomato salad. <> B caMOM ACJie, oh npae. As a CAJI /., no pi. a ilpasAHOBaxb cBaAb6y. amateur talent activities To celebrate one's wedding. XyAOJKecxBeHHaH caMOAenxeJib- <> Jô cBaAb6bi saHfiiBCT (proverb). Hocxb. Amateur theatricals. Beêp It'll have healed before your wed- caMOAeaxeJibHOCXH. An amateur ding. concert. CBAPflTb see BAPflTb 'CAMOJIET m. aeroplane CBE3K|Hfl, -aa, -ee, -ne, short forni Jlexexb na caMOJiexe. To go by air. CBejK, cBewa, CBe>K|e, -h; adv. cBemo PeaKXHBHBiH caMOJiex. A jet plane. 1. fresh. GBe>Kee mfico. Fresh meat. CAMOOBCJiyaCHBAHHE neut. self- CBe>KHe HBexH. Fresh flowers. service GBemne ApyKXH. Fresh fruit. CaMoo6cjiyHtHBaHHe b cxojioboh. GBe>KHe OBO^^H. Fresh vegeta- Self-service in a cafeteria. MaraaHH bles. caMOo6cJiyH

4. fresh. Cb^jkhg raaexH. Fresh an appointment. HasH^HHXb CBHAd- newspapers. HHe. To make an appointment. <^ BpaTbCH 3a paSoTy co ceeHcnMii <> flo CBnAaHnn! Good-bye/ Jô CHnaMH. To tackle the work with CKoporo cbma^hhh! See you soon/ renewed strength. CBOBOÂ /. CBEPKA|Tb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 1. only sing, freedom. BopbCa 3a CBO- Struggle for freedom. 3rd pers. -ex, -K)t imp. / p. CBepK- 66fly. 3aB0e- hIvtl, 7s/ & 2nd pers. not used, Baxb CBoGoAy. To win freedom. 3rd pers. -ex, -yx to flash, to 2. freedom. CBo66;;a cjiosa. The sparkle freedom of speech. CBo66;â ne- B He6e CBepKHyjia mojihhh. Light- qaxH. Freedom of press. ning flashed in the sky. Mope csep- CBOBO^Hlblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short KaJio. The sea was sparkling. form cBo66;teH, CBo66AH|a, -o, -h; adv. CBo66flHO CBEPKH^Tb see CBEPKATb 1. free. CBo66flHHH Hapo;^. CBEPXy adv, A free people. 1. oxKyfla? from ahove. Ceepxy 2. only complete form free of charge. ynfiji KaMeHb. A stone fell from Cbo66ahhh bxoa. Free admis- above. CMOxpexfc csepxy bhh3. sion. To look down. 3. adv. fluently. H CBo66flHO roBopi^ 2. Tjie? on the surface. JKnp njia- no-anrjiBHCKH. / speak English Baex CBepxy. Fat floats on the fluently. surface. 4. vacant. CBo66AHoe Mecxo. A va- CBETi m., no pi. cant seat. 3to Mecxo CBoSoflHO? 1. light. CojiHGHHUH CBex. Sun- Is this seat vacant? light. 5. free. CBoSoAHoe BpeMH. Free time. 2. light. cBex. switch Samemy To on CeroflHfl BeqepoM a CBo66AeH. the light. IIoracHXB cbbx. To / am free tonight. switch off the light. IIocMOxpexL CBOB, CEOH, CBoe, cboh pron. one's Ha CBex. To look (at something) (own) against the light. Hnxaxb npn fl HAy K CBoeMy xoeapHmy. / am CBexe jiaMDH. read To by lamp- going to my friend's. Oh naACJi light. cboh kocxiom. He put on his suit. <» yqeHbe — cbbt, a Heyqenbe — H npocHJi xoBapnnia npHnecxH mhb TbMa (proverb). Cf. He that ne- CBOK) KHHry. I asked my friend to glects learning in his youth, loses bring me his book. the past and is dead for the fu- CBOflCTBO neut. property ture. CBflSATb see CBH3bIBATb CBET2 m., no pi. world CBH3bIBA|Tb, -K>, -emb, -rox imp, riyxeniecxBHe BOKpyr csexa. A jour- Koro? Hxo? c KCMPcqe m?/ ney round the world. p. cBflsaxb.cBHHty.cBHHcemb, CBHmyr CBETflTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 1. to tie together. CBHsaxb OAny 3rd pers. CBexHX, CBexflX BepeBKy c ApyroH. To tie one CojiHixe flpKO CBex MX. The sun is rope to another. shining brightly. 2. fig. to involve. 3xo CBHsano c CBl^TJl|bIfl[, -an, -oe, -He; adv. CBexjio 6ojibmHMH xpyAHOCxflMH. This 1. light. GBexjian KOMHaxa. A light involves great difficulties. room. predic. impers. I Ha yjiHii;e CBfl3b /. CBexjio. It is light in the street. 1. tie. VKpenjiflxb cbhsh c napoAa- 2. light. Cbcxjiuh kocxiom. A light MH Bcex cxpaH. To strengthen suit. the ties with the peoples of alt 3. fig. lucid. CBexjiHH yM, CBexjiaa countries. roJiOBa. A lucid mind. 2. communication. Tejierpd^nan CBHA'^HHE neut. appointment, meet- CBHBb. Telegraph communication. ing 3. connection. Haxh Ha CBHfldHHe. To go to keep •<> B CBH3H C TeM,

connection with... B cbhsh c 9thm... CEJ^10B[, -an, -6e, -He, short form ce^, In this connection... ceâ, ce^H CrOPfiTb see TOPETB 1. grey. CeflHe bojioch. Grey hair. C;Â|BATb, -K), -eiuL, -K)T imp. hto?/ 2. grey-haired. CeAOH cxapHK. A p. CflQTL, CflHM, Cflanib, CflaCT, grey-haired old man. cflaflHTe, past c;iaAHM, cffaAyx, CEHHAC arfy. Cflaji, -a, cflajijo, -h 1. now. CeHH^c h qyBcxByio ce6fl 1. to return. CASTb KHHry b 6h6- xopomo. Now I feel well. Cen- jiHOTeKy. To return the book to âc HAex ypoK. A lesson is in the library. progress now. 2. to let. KOMHaiy. CflaBaib flany, 2. right now. H cenqac npH^y. To let a summer cottage, a room. I'll come right now Genâc me 3. to take. CAaBaib aKsaMenH. To HAH ciOAa! — CeHHac! ''Come take examinations. here at once/" "Just a mo- CJÂTb see CÂBATB ment/" CJÂHA /., no pi. change CEKPETAP|b m., gen. -A secretary Ilojiy^HTb cflaiy. To get some CEK^HAA /. second change. Jlaxb 10 KoneeK ca^hh. To ^Be ceKyHAH, naxb ceKyHA. Two give change. 10 copecks seconds, five seconds. CflEJTATb see flEJIATB <^ Chio CBKyHAy! Just a moment/ C;ÊPHÂTL see JJElHCATb, 2 CEJlO neut., pi. cejia village I CEBH pron., no ncm.\ gen., ace. ccCh, CEJlbCKlHfl, -an, -oe, -He country, dat., prepos. ce6e, instr. co66h village myself, yourself, himself, herself, CejibCKafl MecxHOCXb, Country local- itself; ourselves, yourselves, them- ity. CejibCKan }KH3Hb. Country life. selves CejibCKHH Bpan. A country doctor. IlpHrjiacHTb K ce6e ômoh. To in- •<> CejibCKoe xo3flHCTBO. Agricul- vite to one's place. B ;aop6ry h ture. BBHJi c co66h MbiJio, nojioTeniê CEMbH /., pi. ceMbH, ceMen family H syCnyio meiKy. / took soap, a ^pyjKHaH ceMbH. A united family. towel, and a toothbrush with me on y MCHH 6ojTbmafl ceMba. / have a my trip. PaGoTaTb y ce6fl flOMa. To large family. work at home. CEHTUBPIb m., gen. -A September -<> HHTaxb npo ceCn. To read to 3aBxpa Dflxoe ceHxaCpji. Tomorrow oneself. h3 ccGh. To be Buhtb is the fifth of September. B cen- beside oneself. UpiiiiTH b ce6fl. To Xfl6pe y nac enie xenjio. It is still come to one's senses. warm in September in our parts. no CEBEP m., pi. CEPAEHHiblH, -an, -oe, -ne, short i. north. CaMOJiex jieTHT cesep. na form cepAeqeH, cepAeHH|a, -o, -h; The plane is flying northward. adv. cepAeqno cordial K ceBepy ox Her6-JiH6o. North IlepeAaxb cepAennHH npHBex. To of some place. give one's warmest regards. CepAeH- 2. north. JKbxb na ceBepe. To live HHH npneM, cepAeHHan oScxanoBKa. in the North. A cordial reception, a cordial at- C£BEPH|blfl, -an, -oe, -He north(ern) mosphere. CeBepHUH Bexep. A north wind. CEP;i;flT|blfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form CeBepHUH nojiioc. The North Pole. cepAHX, -a, -o, -h; adv. cepAHXo CEPOOTH [-bo-] adv. today angry qeJiOBCK. angry per- GeroAHH Syaex ao>kjii>- ^^ ^Hl fc^^n CepAHXHH An today. CeroAHH yxpoM. This morn- son. H cepAHX na nero. / am angry ing. CeroflHH BeqepoM. Tonight. with him. CepAHXHH BarJiHA- An CErOAHflmillHfl, -Ra, -ee, -He to- angry look. day's CEPJ^flTbCH, cepjKycb, cepAHmbCH, CeroAHflmHflfl rasexa. Today's news- cepAHxcH imp. h a k o r 6?

paper. Ha mo? I p. paccepAHXBCfl, CEP 128 CHJI

paccepwycb, paccep/iHinbCfl, pac- C3AflH cepAHTCfl to be angry 1. adv. behind. Oh men csaAH. He He cep^HCbl Don't be angry! Maxb was walking behind. paccep;(HJiacb na cwHa aa ono3Aa- 2. prep. -{-gen. behind. GaaAH AOMa HHe. The mother was angry with 6hji caA. There was a garden be- her son for being late. hind the house, fl chacji caaAH C£POT|E neut., pi. -a, cepAei^, cepAâM, mo(J)epa. / was sitting behind the etc. driver. 1. heart. V nero dojibHoe cepîê. CHIflETb, -my, -Anmb, -ahx imp. He has a bad heart. TAB? 2. fig. heart. Oh aaMeqaieJibHtiH 1. to sit. GiiAGTb HaAHBane, na cxy- qejiOBeK, y nero aojioxoe cepAi;e. Jie. To sit on the divan, on a chair. He is a wonderful man, he has a 2. to stay. IêJiHH A^Hb oh CHAeji heart of gold. OAHH. He stayed at home alone <> IIosApaBJiflTb OT Bcero cepAUA' the whole day. To congratulate with all one's heart. <> CiiAexb Ha raee y Kor6-jift6o. FoBopHTb OT HHCToro cepwa. To To be on somebody's hands. CBflfitb speak from the bottom of one's CJio» EeHcaxb nao Bcex cn;i. To run serious person. as fast as one can. JêJiaxb qTO- 2. serious. GepbeBHan Knnra. A se- jih6o qepea CHJiy. To force one- rious book. GepbesHaa MysHKa. self to do something, fl ne b Serious music. GepbliauHH paa- CHJiax CAGJiaTb 3T0. / am unable roBop. A serious talk. Gepbeauo to do that. 3to CBUine mohx chji. 3a,"yMaTbrH. To think seriously. This is beyond my powers. Mhc 6to 3. serious. Gepbeaeoe nojioweHHe. A He noA CHJiy. this is beyond my serious situation. GepbcanaH 6o- powers. 3to b Hamiix CHJiax. We Jieaub. A serious illness. are able to do that.

CECTPA /., pi cecipw, cecxep, cecxpaM, GflJIbH|blfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form etc. CHJiea, CHJIbHa, CHJIbHO, CHJIbHH; 1. sister. Gxapraafl cecxpa. Elder adv. CHJIbHO (eldest) sister. MJiaAmaa cecxpa. 1. strong, powerful. Cwnbuuu qejioj Younger (youngest) sister. Poa- BeK. A strong man. Ghjii>hhh HaH cecxpa. A sister. /],BOi6poAHaH BapHB. A powerful explosion. cecxpa. A cousin. GHJibHO yAapHXb. To hit a heavy 2. nurse. MeAHmiHCKaH cecxpa. A blow. Ero penb npoHSsejia Ha I fig. (hospital) nurse. MCHH cHJibHoe BncHaxJieHHe. His CECTb see CAAflTbCH speech made a strong impression CE|HTb, -K), -euib, -lox imp. q x o?/ on me. Y Hero CHJibnaa bojih. p. noce|flXb, -K), -emb, -lox to sow He is a man of strong will. GcHXb omeHHqy, KyKypyay. To 2. loud, severe. GnJibHHH myM. A sow wheat, maize. loud noise. GnJibHHH Mopos. Se- CaeE^b see aCEHb vere frost. CHH 129 cKy

CflHintt, -Hfl, -ee, -He blue CKOPO adv., comp. CKopee soon CHHee Mope. Blue sea. CnHne rjia- GKopo HacxynHT Becna. Spring 3a. Blue eyes. will come soon. H. CKopo npn^y. CHPOTA m. & /., pi. CHpoTH orphan I'll come soon. npHxo^H CKopee! Oh ocxajicfl cnpoTon. He became Come sooner! KaK moh^ho CKopee. an orphan. As soon as you can. CBp«Ta. complete <> KpyrjiWH A CKOPOCTb /. speed orphan. Exaxb c SojibmoH CKopocxbio. To CKA3ATb see TOBOPflTb drive at a high speed. CKA3|KA /., gen. pi. -ok fairy-tale CKOPlblfl, -an, -oe, -He Hap6ji;HBie CKasKH. Folk tales. 1. fast. GKopHH noesji,. A fast train. CKAMElflKA gen. pi. -bk bench /., GKopaH noMomb. First aid. CuAeTb na CKaMCHKe. To sit on a 2. soon. ^0 CKopoH Bcxpe^n! See bench. you soon! J\o CKoporo cBHflaHHfl! CKATEPT|B gen. pi. -m table- /., See you soon! cloth BeJiaH CKaTepiB. A white table- CKPflniKA /., gen. pi. -ok violin cloth. riocTejiHTb CKaxepTB, To Hrpaxb na CKpiiUKe. To play the spread a table-cloth. Gtoji noKpHT violin. KpacHBOH CKaxepTbio. The table is CKPOMHIbia, -an, -oe, -He; adv. covered with a beautiful table-cloth. CKpOMHO CKBEP m. public garden 1. modest. Ckpomhhh qeJiOBCK. A B CKsepe nrpajin ji;eTH. Children modest person. GKpoMUO Becxii were playing in the public garden. ce6H. To behave modestly. CKB03b prep, -j- ace. through 2. moderate. GKpoMHbie ycnexii. CKBOSb jiHCTBy 6biJio BHAHO He6o. Moderate success. The sky was visible through the fo- CKPbIBA|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. liage. nxo? ox Koro? ox Her 6?/ <> CMOTpeTb Ha ^TO-JIHSo CKBOSb p. CKpHxb, CKpolK), -emb, -K)X to najibi^bi. To close one's eyes to conceal something. GKpHBaxb BsrJiHAH. To conceal CK0JIb3K|Hfl, -an, -oe, -ne; adv. one's views. Oh CKptiBaex, hxo nii- CKOJibSKO slippery mex cxHXii. He conceals the fact GKOJibSKHH noji. A slippery floor. that he writes poetry. \predic. impers. Ha yjiHn,e cKOJibSKO. CKPblBAITbCH, -locb, -embcH, -ioxch It is slippery outside. imp. r e? ox k o r 6? p. CKpnxb- CKOJIbKO how much, how many A / cfl, cKp6|iocb, -embcfl, -ioxch GKOJibKO qeJiOBBK npHffljio? How 1. only imp. to hide. GKpHBaxbCfl many people have come? GKOJibKO ox noJiHUiHH. To hide from the CTOHT 3Ta KHiira? How much is this police. book? GKOJibKO BpeMeHH? What time 2. to escape. IIpecxynHHK ckplijich. is it? GKOJibKO BaM Jiex? How old The criminal escaped. are you? ITocMOTpHTe, CKOJibKO 3. to disappear. IIoesA ckplijich 3Aecb KpacHBWX i^BeTOB! Look what BAaJiH. The train disappeared in a lot beautiful flowers there are of the distance. HejiOBeK CKpuJiCH here! 3a yrJiOM. The man disappeared <> GKOJibKO rOJIOB, CTOJIbKO yMOB. round the corner. As many men, as many minds. CKOPEE CKPblTb see CKPblBATb 1. comp. of adv. cKopo CKPb'ITbCfl see CKPblBATbCIl 2. adv. rather, sooner. Oh CKopee CKYHAITb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. no yMpeT, ^eM npnanaeT cbok) K M y? no H e M y? to miss, to oiiiH6KyI He will rather die than be lonesome admit his mistake! GKynaxb no poAHxeJiHM. To miss <0' CKopee Bcero axo thk. Most one's parents. GKynaxb no ]x6uy. likely it is true. To be homesick. I 9—4002 cKy 130 CJIO

CKS'HHiblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form cnyxHHKa. To follow the move- CKynen, cKy^Ha, CKy^Hlo, -h; adv. ment of a satellite. CKy^HO 2. to have an eye (on). GJieflHTb 1. dull. CKyqHHH nejioBeK. A dull 3a HOBHHKaMH jiHTepaxypH. To man. have an eye on the latest publi- 2. boring. CKyiHHU paaroBop. A cations. boring conversation. 3. to watch. Cjie^HTb 3a sparoM. 3. adv., predic. impers. (to be) bored. To watch the enemy. Mne CKyHHO. / am bored. CJifiAOBATEJIBHO conj. therefore, CJlAB|Llfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form consequently cjia6, cjiaSa, cjia6|o, -h; adv. cJia6o A paBHO B, cjiejtoBaxejibHO B paB- 1. weak. GJiaSHH nejiOBeK. A weak h6 A. A equals B, therefore B person. CJiaStiH yâp. A feeble equals A. blow. GjiaSoe cepîie. A weak CJIEJ^yiOimHfl, -an, -ee, -ne next heart. B cjiejtyioniHH paa. Next time. Ha 2. fig. weak. Cjia6aH bojih. A weak cJie/tyioniiHH ;i;eHb. On the next day. will. CjiaSma xapaKxep. A weak CJIE3A /., pi. cJiesH, cjies, cJie3aM» character. etc. ero cjiaSoe It's his <> 3to mccto. 1. t^r. no ee Jiimy xeKJin cjiesH. weak point. CjiaSaa uajêmjia. Tears were streaming down her A feeble hope. face. no pi. fame; CJIABA /., glory 2. pi. tears. ToBopiiTb cKB03b cJiesH. FpoMKan cjiaea. Great fame. K Heiny To speak through tears. npHiujia CJiaea. has become He fa- <> OGmaho AG cjie3. It is enough mous. GJiaea noKopHTejiHM KOCMOcal to make one cry. CMeflTbCH flo Glory to the conquerors of Space! cjiea. To laugh until one cries. CJIABH|LIB[, -afl, -oe, -He fine, nice GjiesaMH ropH) ho rioMOHcenii* Oh cJiaBHHH napenb. He is a fine (proverb). Cf. It's no use crying fellow. over spilt milk. CJIA^KIHH, -an, -oe, -ne, short form CJIEniOfl, -afl, -oe, -ue blind cjiaAOK, cjia^Ka, cjiaj];K|o, -h; adv. CJienoH MaJibHHK. A blind boy. cjiaflKo; comp. cjiarqe sweet CJlflmKOM adv. too CJiaAKoe hSjioko. A sweet apple. Th noemb cjiiimKOM rpoMKO. You CJiaAKHH Han. Sweet tea. GJiajt- \ fig. are singing too loud. KaH yjiLiGKa. A sweet smile. <> 3to (ywx) cjiumKOM! That's CJIEBA adv. {cf. HAJIEBO, 2) to (on) really too much! the left GjieBa — OKHO, cnpaBa — ;iBepb. On CJIOBAP|b m., gen. -A dictionary, vo- the left is a window, on the right cabulary is a door. CJieBa ot MenH CHêji AHPJio-pyccKHH cJiOBapb. An Eng- dictionary. MOH CTapHH j^pyr. On my left sat lish-Russian Opôrpa- an old friend of mine. ûqecKHH cjiOBapb. A spelling die- CJIEJ^ m., pi. cjieAH tionary. Tojikobhh cjiOBapb. An 1. track. GjieflH na enery. Tracks explanatory dictionary. on the snow. H^th no cjie;âM. CJIOBIO neut., pi. -a To follow in the tracks. 1. word. T^JiHHHoe cjiobo. A long 2. gen. -a trace. Cjiej^H KpacKH. word. Xopomne cjioBa. Good Traces of paint. words. 3. fig. trace. CJie^H bohhh. The 2. speech. CBoSoAa cjiOBa. Freedom traces of the war. of speech. <> OcTHBHTb cjie^. To leave a 3. only sing, remark. 3aKJii0HHTejib- trace. HcêanyTb 6e3 CJiefla. To dis- Hoe CJIOBO. Concluding remarks. appear without leaving a trace. npcAOCTaBHTb CJIOBO. To give CJIE|/^flTb, -JKy, -j^Hinb, -aht imp. the floor. 3a KCM? 3a HCM? 4. only sing. word. CêpjKaTb cjio- 1. to follow. GjieflHTb 3a ABH»eHHeM bo. To keep one's word, âib CJIO 131 CME

êcTHoe CJIO BO. To give one's HO. In some cases it is possible. word of honour. B TOM cjiy»iae, ecjin h 3a6o- 5- word. PoMaHC na cjiosa Ilyin- JieK), SBOHHTe MHO flOMOH. In KHHa. Romance, words by Push- case I fall ill, ring me up at kin. home. IIh b kocm cjiyîae. On •<> Ho cJioBaM 6paTa. According to no account. one's brother, PaccKaaaxb cbo- CJiyÂflHIBlfl, -an. -oe, -Me; adv. HMH cjiOBaMH. To tell in one's own cjiyâHHo accidental words. BepHTb Ha cjiobo... To CJiyâHHaa oraH6Ka. A slip, a for- take somebody's word for... tuitous mistake. CJiy^âiiHO Bcxpe- CflCJiaTb no nocjieAHeMy cjio- THTbCii. To meet by accident. ey HayKH h tcxhhkh. To do CJiyHAlTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not something according to the last used, 3rd pers. -excH, -iotch imp. word in science and technology. c K e M?//). cJiyq|HTLCH, 1st & 2nd B jiByx cjiOBax. In a nutshell. pers. not used, 3rd pers. -htch, CJlOHCHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ho, short form -axcfl to happen cJiojKGH, cjiojKHa, cji65Kh|o, -h; adv. Hto cjiyqHJiocb? What's happened? cjiomno Go MHOH cjiyHHJiocb HecâcTbe. / 1. complex. CJiojKHaH Mamima. A have had a misfortune. complex machine. CJiyHflTbCH see CJiyHATbCfl 2. complicated. CjiojKHaa aaflaîa. CJiyiHAITb, -K), -enib, -k)t imp. ko- A complicated task. CjiojKHafl to? ^TO? oScTanoBKa. Difficult situation. 1. to listen. BEHMaTCJibHO cjiymaxb Bee 9T0 oieHb cjiojkho. This is MysHKy. To listen to music at- all very complicated. tentively. CJIOMATB see JIOMATb 2. to attend. CJiymaxb jicki^hh CJIOMATBCH see JIOMATBCH (Kypc JieKn;Hii). To attend lec- CJIOH m., gen. -a elephant tures (a course of lectures). CJiyjKAIlilHfl m., gen. -ero employee 3.: H cjiymaio! Hallo/ Yes! CJiyjKflTb, cJiyjKy, cjiymnmb, cjiy- CJI^fflAITbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -iotch

JKax imp. imp. Koro? n e r 6? / /?. nocjiy- 1. KOMy? neMy? to serve. GJiy- ma|TbCH, -locb, -embCH, -iotch to HtHTb Hapo^y. To serve one's obey people. CJiyJKHTb flejiy MHpa. To Pe6eH0K He cjiymaexcH Maxepn. serve the cause of peace. The child won't obey his mother.

2. r fl e? K e M? to serve, to work. nocjiyraaficfl Menal Listen to me! CJiyjKHTb B apMHH. To serve in Do as I tell you! the army. CJiyJKHTb b 6aHKe. To CJIIiinilATb, -y, -Hmb, -ax imp. ko- work in a bank. CJiyjKHTb 3ko- to? q X 0? K 6 M? o q e m?/ ' HOMHCTOM. To work as an econ- p. ycjiMmlaxb, -y, -iimb, -ax omist. 1. to hear. Hjioxo cjibimaxb. To 3. q e M? to be. GJiyjKiiTb npHMe- hear badly. H cjiwmy xe6a. / poM AJiH flpypHX. To be an can hear you. example for others. 2. to hear. Mw cJiLimaJiii o6 axoH CJiyx m. hearing HOBocxH. We heard about that y pe6eHKa xopomnn cjiyx. The news. Mh cJibimaJiH, ^xo oh npn- child has a good ear. MysMKaJib- ACT 3aBxpa. We heard that he HHH cjiyx. A good ear for music. would come tomorrow. CJI^HAfl m. incident CJIb'IfflHO Koro? HTO? predic. GJiyHaii h3 h^hshh. An incident impers. (it is) heard from life. Mne He cjitimno xeSn. / can't hear <> HecqacTHbiH cjiyâfi. An acci- you. Sêcb xopomo cJiHrnno. One dent. Ha BCflKHH cjiyâii a aa- can hear well here. HHcaji ero aflpec. / wrote down CMEJIIblH, -an, -oe, -ue, short form his address just in case. B ot- CMCJi, cMeJia, CMeJi|o, -bi; adv. CMe'jio nejibHbix cJiyâHx aro bo3m6h<- 1. brave. Gmcjimh HeJiOBCK. A brave 9* CME 132 CHH

man. JêHCTBOsaTb CMeJio. To act 3. only imper. to look out. GMOxpn- bravely. (xe), He ono3aaH(xe)l Look out, 2. jig. bold. CvieJioe pemeHHe. A don't you be late! hold decision. GMeJiaH Hflea. A •0- CMOTpexb CBbicoKa na Koro-jiA- hold idea. 6o. To look down on somebody. CMGHA /. CMOTpexb cKBOSb Hajibi^bi (na ht6- 1. succession. CMena ahh h hohh. jih6o). To close one's eyes (to some- Succession of day and night. thing). 2. fig. successors. JêxH — name CMOHb see MO^b CMena. Children are our succes- CMYTflTbCH see (MYU\kThCR sors. CMymAlTbCH, -Focb, -embCH, -roxcH 3. shift. y^HTbCH B nepByio cmc- imp. /p. CMylxjHXbCH, -mycb, -XHUib- Hy. To go to school in the first CH, -xflxcfl to be embarrassed shift. PaSoiaTb b ^tHeBnyio CMe- Oh B;;pyr oneHb CMyxHJicH, noKpac- Hy. To work in the day shift. HeJi. He was suddenly quite embar- «0> npHHTH Ha CMGHy KOMy-JIH5o. rassed and flushed. To succeed (relieve) somebody. CMblCJI m., no pi. meaning, sense CMEPTb /., pi. CMepxH, CMepieH, noHHXb CMMCJi co5mxhh. To under- CMepTHM, etc. death stand^ the meaning of events. B <^ IlacTb cMepTbH) repofl. To die nojiHOM CMucjie cjiosa. In the true the death of a hero. 3to Bonpoe sense of the word. B np^MOM (ne- HCHSHH II cMepTH. This is a peHOCHOM) CMMCJie. In the literal question of life and death. Ha- (figurative) sense. B axoM Hex floecTb a6 cMopTH. To bore to CMHCJia. There's no sense in that. death. Hex CMWcJia h^xh xy;â. There is no CMEX m., no pi. laughter sense in going there. TpoMKHH CMex. Loud laughter. CHAHAJIA adv. <> IIOAHflTb Ha CMBX K0r6-JIH50. 1. at first. GHaâJia h c xpyfl6M To make fun of somebody. noHHxMaJi pyccKyio penb. At first CMEinH|Ofl[, -an, -6e, -we, short form I understood spoken Russian CMemoH, CMemnla, -6, -u; adv. with difficulty. CMeniHO 2. from the beginning. IToBxopHxe 1. funny. CMemnoH paccKaa. A fun- CHaâJia. Repeat from the he- ny story. ginning. Hnxanxe cnanaJia! Read 2. ridiculous. On 6hji CMemon. He from the beginning! was ridiculous. CHEF m., prepos. o cnere & b, na 3. predic. impers. (it is) funny. cnery snow Mee CMeniHO. It makes me laugh. GHJibHHH CHer. Heavy snow. Kpy- CMEIIlTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -iotch roM Bce B cnery. All around is imp. HaflKCM? naff hgm? to covered with snow. Ha cnery 6ujni laugh BHAHM cjieflu 3BepeH. There were Bee rpoMKO CMeaJincb. Everybody tracks of animals on the snow. Hjsj&T laughed loudly. H cmchjich Ha;^ CJio- CHer. It is snowing. HaSt CHJibHHfi BaMH 6paTa. / laughed at my broth- CHer. It is snowing hard. er's words. CHflSy adv. o X K y A a? from below CMOTP^Tb, CMOxpio, CMOTpnnib, cm6t- GMOxpexb CHHsy Bsepx. To look pHT imp. qxo? or na KoroPna upward. H T 6? BO H T 6? / /). nocMOTpeTb, CHHMA|Tb, -TO, -emb, -lox imp. ko- nOCMOTpK), nOCMOipHUIb, nOCM6TpHT r 6? H X 0?/p. CHHXb, CHHMy, CHH- 1. to look. GMOTpexb na TOBapnma. Merab, cHHMyx, past chhji, -a, To look at a friend. GMOTp^Tb CHHJllO, -H B OKHO. To look out of the win- 1. to take (from). GfTflXb KHnry c dow. noJiKH. To take a book from the 2. to see. CMOxpeib $HJibM. To see shelf. GHHXb najibxo c BemaJiKH. a film. GMOxpeTb cneKX^KJib. To To take one's coat from the peg. see a performance. 2. to take off. GnflXb manny. CHO 133 COB

nepHaTKH, Cotkhkh. To take off coScxBCHHOCXb. Personal property. one's hat, gloves, boots. G66cxBeHHOCXb Ha scmjik). Owner- 3. to shoot. ChHTB KHHO$HJIbM. To ship of land. shoot a film. COBCTBEHHIblfl, -an, oe, -ho CHObA adv. again 1. own. C66cTBeHHHH AOM. One's CnoBa npHmJia 3HMa. Winter came own house. again. 2. self-. HyBCXBO coScxBCHHoro ao- CHHTb see CHHMATb cxoHHCXBa. Self-respect. COBAKA / dog COBb'ITHE neut. event COBHPA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. ko- HcxopH^ecKoe coCmxhc. An histor-

to? mo? / p. co6paTb, co6ep|y, ic event. MejKAynapoAHoe coShxhg. -emb, -yx, past coSpaJi, co6pajia, An international event. B MHpe npo- co6paJiIo, -H HCXOAHX BaJKHLie co6hthh. Impor- 1. to collect. Co6paTb Bemn b ;i;o- tant events are taking place in the pory. To collect one's things for world. a journey. Co6paTb jnoAeii. To COBEPmAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. assemble people. Hxo?//?. coBepmlHxb, -y, -nmb, 2. to gather. CoSpaxb ypojKaii. To -ax to perform, to accomplish gather in the crop. GoBepmnxb noABnr. To accomplish 3. imp. to collect, CoSnpaTb a feat. GoBepmnxb nyxemecxBHe. KHHiH, MapKH. To Collect books, To make a journey. CoBcpmnxb stamps. GoSpaib KOJUieKUiiio, noesAKy no cxpane. To tour a coun- 6H6JiH0TeKy. To make a collec- try. GoBepmnxb npecxynjieHHO. tion, a library. To commit a crime. 4. to put together. CoCpaxb Moxop, COBEPmflTb see COBEPlHATb MamHHy. To put together an COBECTb /., no pi. conscience engine, a machine. HHCxaH coBecxb. A clear conscience. COBHPAlTtCH, -locb, -embCH. -ioxch ^^ Ho coBecTu roBopfl. Honestly imp. I p. co6paxbCH, co6ep|ycb, (speaking). -erabcfl, -yxcH, past co6pIajica, COBET^ m. advice -ajiacb, -Jiocb, -jiHCb Oxen; a^Ji coBex CHny. The father 1. to gather. y^acxHiiKH KOH$e- gave his son a piece of advice. L(eH- peHn,HH co6paJiHCb b saJie. Those HLiH coBex. Valuable advice. Bjiaro- taking part in the conference Aapaxb 3a coBex. To thank for ad- gathered in the hall. CoSnpaiox- vice. OSpaxHXbCH aa coBexoM k cne- CH xyHH. Clouds are gathering. n,HaJiHCxy. To turn to a specialist 2. to decide, to intend. Mh co- for advice. En He HyjKHbi Bamn co- 6pajiHCb noHXH na BbicxaBKy. We Bexbil She doesn't need your advice/ decided to go to the exhibition. C0BET2 m. council, Soviet COBPAHHE neut. BepxoBHHU GoBex CGCP. The Su- 1. meeting. TopHtecxBennoe co6pa- preme Soviet of the USSB. CoBex HHe. A ceremonial meeting. Ha- MHHHCxpoB.T/ie Council of Ministers. th Ha co6paHHe. To go to a COBET|OBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT meeting. nocoBe- HpHcyxcxBOBaxb na imp. K M y? + i^f- I P- co6paHHH. To be present at a x|0Baxb, -yio, -yemb.'-yiox to advise meeting. CoSpaHne coctohxch bo GoBexyio BaM npo^Hxaxb axy khh- BxopHHK. The meeting takes ry. / advise you to read this book. place on Tuesday. COBETIOBATbCH, -yiocb, -yembca, 2. collection. Go6paHHe coHHHeHHH. -yioxcH imp. c KeM?/p. nocoBe- A collection of works. xIoBaxbCF, -yiocb, -yembCH, -yioxcH COBPATB see COBHPATB to ask advice COBPATBCH see COBMPATBCH GOBeXOBaXbCH c pOAHTeJIHMH. To COBCTBEHHOCTB /., no pi. property ask advice from one's parents. rocyAapcxBCHHafl codcxBeHHOcxb. COBETCKIHtt, -an, -oe, -ne State property. Hacxnan coCcxBen- 1. Soviet. GoBexcKaa BJiacxb. Soviet Hocxb. Private property. JiHHHaH power. CoBexcKoe npaBHxeJibCXBO. COB 134 C03

The Soviet Government. Co- corjiacHjicfl c xeM, hxo oh cKasaJi BexcKHH CoK)3. The Soviet MHe. / agreed with what he told Union. me. 2. Soviet. GoBexcKHe aaBOflU. Soviet COrJIAIIIEHHE neut. agreement plants. GoBexcKHe cneii;HaJiHC- ToproBoe corJiameHHe. A trade Tti. Soviet specialists. GoBex- agreement. 3aKJiK)qHXb corjiaraeHHe CKafl HayKB. Soviet science. c ApyrHMH cxpanaMH. To conclude COBEIIÂHHE neut. conference an agreement with other countries. GoBemaene rjiaB npaBHxejiBcxB. A «^ IIpQUTH K corjiameHHio. To conference of the heads of States. come to an agreement. yâcxBOBaxb b coBemaeHH. To take COrPETb see TPETb part in a conference. IIpHcyxcxBO- CO/HEPHCAHHE neut., no pi. contents BaxB ua coBentaHHH. To be present PaccKaaaxb coAep?KaHHe KHnrn. To at a conference. tell the contents of a book. COBPATb see BPATb COEAHHaXb see COEAHHflTb COBPEMEHHlblfl, -an, -oe, -He mod- COE J^HHfi[TbCfl see COEAHHUTbCH ern COEAHHUlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. CoBpeMeHHoe ncKyccxBO. Modern Hxo? c TCM?//?. coeAHH|iixb, -i6, art. GoBpeMeHHaa xexHHKa. Mod- -limfe -fix ern technology. GoBpeMeHHEin npo- 1. to connect, to link. Goe;^HHHXb MwmjiGHHHH ropoA- A modern in- ABa ropoâ HteJieanoH floporoH. dustrial city. To connect two cities by a rail- COBCEM adv. way. 1. quite. Oh cobcgm MaJieHLKHH. He 2. to combine. Goe^HHtixb xeopHio is quite small. c npaKXHKOH. To combine theo- 2. in negative constructions not at all. ry with practice. Th cobcgm He yMeenib njiasaxb. COEAHHIIlTbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. You cannot swim at all. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -loxcfl C0BX03 m. state farm imp. Ip. coeAHH|iixbCH, 1st & 2nd HepeAOBOH coBxoa. A foremost state- pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hxch, farm. /^HpeKxop coBxoaa. The -HXCH to join together, to unite director of a state farm. ApMHH coeAHHHJiHCb Ha paccsexB. COrJiACEH, corjiacH|a, -o, -h short The armies joined together at dawn. adj. HpoJiexapHH Bcex cxpan, cogah- 1. na ^x6? ready, fl corjiacen HHHxecb! Workers of the world, exaxb BMecxe. / am ready to go unite! with you. Oh corJiacen na Bce. C03Ji;A|BATb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. He is ready for anything. n X o?/p. coaâxb, cosAaM, cosAamb, 2. c K e M? c H e M? agreeable, fl C03Aacx, C03AaAHM, co3AaAHTe, co- corJiacen c BaMH. / agree with 3AaAyT, past coaAaJi, co3AaJia, c6- you. Mh He corjiacHu c xbohm 8AaJi|o, -n to create MHOHHeM. We don't agree with Co3Aaxb HOByio xeopHFO. To create your opinion. H corjiacna. / a new theory. Co3Aaxb xoporane agree. ycJiOBHH jj,Jifi pa66xH[. To provide COrjIACflTbCH see COrJIAfflAXbC/I good conditions for work. COrJlAinA|TbCfl, -locb, -embcfl, -roxcH C03/ÂIBATbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not imp. c KeM? c hom? &-}- inf./ used, 3rd pers. -excfl, -loxcfl imp. / p. corJialCHXbCfl, -raycb, -cnmbCH, p. co3AaxbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not -CflXCfl used, 3rd pers. C03AacxcH, co3Aa- 1. to agree. Oh corJiaciiJiCH bu- Ayxcfl to be created noJiHHXb 3xy pa66xy. He agreed Go3Aai6xcH HOBbie njiaHH. New to do that work. plans are created. Go3AaJi6cb cepbea- 2. to agree. GorJiacHXbCH c xoBa- Hoe noJiOHtCHHe. A serious situa- pnmeM. To agree with a friend. tion has been created. GorjiacHXbCH c upejiJiomeBUQM. C03JÂTb see C03AABATb To agree to a proposal, fl COSÂTbCH see C03ÂBATbCH €03 135 COP

C03HAHHE neut. (symbol of hosj)itality). Bcxpe- 1. consciousness. noTepaxb coana- qaxfa xjieSoM-cojibH). To welcome HHe. To lose consciousness. Bhtl somebody with bread and salt. 6e3 cosnaHHH. To be unconscious. B HeM 3Aecb cojib? What's the 2. philos. consciousness. Bhthc point? onpeAeJiaex cosHaHne. Being COMHEBA|TbCH, -locb, -embCH, -roxcH determines consciousness. imp. B K M? B H e M? to doubt 3. understanding, sense. GosHaHHe GoMHeBaxbCH b ycnexe. To doubt AOJira. Sense of duty. one's success. He coMHCBaxbCH b C03HATEJIbH|blfl, -an, -oe, -He; fl;pyre. Not to doubt one's friend. adv. cosHaxejibHo Mh He coMHeBaeMCH, hxo bh bhhoji- 1. conscientious. CosHaiejibHoe ot- HHxe 3xy 3a;âqy. We have no doubt HonieHHe k paSoxe. A conscientious that you will carry out this task. attitude to one's work. Goana- COH m., gen. cna xejibHHH qejiOBeK. A conscien- 1. only sing, sleep. Oh cnnx Kpen- tious person. khm chom. He is fast asleep. Oh 2. deliberate. Oh CAeJiaji axo co- yjiH5aJiCH bo one. He smiled in 3HaxejibHo. He did it deliberate- his sleep. ly- 2. dream. H BHfl;eji bo one cBoero COflTia see CXOJSj/lTh^ xoBapH^â. / dreamt of my COflxnCb see CXOJSfiJhCH friend. Euy cnnjiHCb xopomHe COJIJÂT m., gen. pi. cojiAax soldier chh. He had pleasant dreams. CMeJiHH cojiflax. A courageous sol- COOBmAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. dier. OxpH;^ cojTAax. A detachment H X 0? K O M y? O K 6 M? O of soldiers. êM?//>. coo6ni;|HXb, -y, -limb, -ax COJlEHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He to report 1. salt. CojieuHH cyn. Salt soup. G006ffliHXb HOBOCXH ;^py3bHM. To 2. salted. Cojienbie orypuH. Salted tell the news to one's friends. Tase- cucumbers. XH coo6n;aK)x o6 ycnemnoM bhhoji- COJinaAPHOCTb /., only sing, soli- HeuHH njiana. The newspapers re- darity port the successful fulfilment of the CojiHflapHOCXb xpyAflni;HXCH Bcex plan. Ho paAHO coo6m,iijiH, hxo cxpau. Solidarity of the workers of HainH cnopxcMCHH Bbicxynnjin yc- the world. nemno. The radio reported that our COJIHEHHlMfl, -an, oe, -ne sportsmen had achieved good suc- 1. sun, solar. CoJiHe^HHH CBex. Sunlight. ConneHHaH cncxeMa. COOBmEHHE neut. The solar system. GoJineqHoe 1. announcement, communication aaxMenne. An eclipse of the sun. BaJKHoe cooSmenne. An impor- 2. sunny. CoJiHennHH A^Hb. A sun- tant announcement (communica- ny day. tion). êJiaxb cooCmenne. To COJlHUjE [coHê] neut. make an announcement. 1. Sun. Ox BcMJiH jio CojiHua 2. communication. ITyxn coo6nê- CXO HHXbAeCHX MHJIJIHOHOB KHJIO- HHH. Ways of communication. MexpoB. It's 150 million kilome- IIpHMoe coo6n;eHHe. A through tres from the Earth to the Sun. service. 2. sun. GojiHue CBexnx apKO. The COOBmflTb see COOBmAXb sun is shining brightly. COnPOTHBJIEHHE neut., no pi. resist- 3. sun. JleJKaxb na cojiHue. To lie ance in the sun. 0Ka3axb conpoxEBjienne npoxHB-

COJIB /. HHKy. To offer resistance to the 1. only sing. salt. Xjie5 c coJibio. enemy. Bread and salt. COPEBHOBAHHE neut., no pi. 2. salt. GoJiH KaJibUHH. Calcium 1. emulation. salts. 2. competition. GnopxHBHHe copeB- ^ Xjie6-C0Jib. Bread and sa\t HOBaHHH. Sports competition. COP 136 coq