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The Chrétien Era: a Red Book Audit Features PRACTICAL AND AUTHORITATIVE ANALYSIS OF KEY NATIONAL ISSUES SPECIAL DOUBLE ISSUE—THE CHRÉTIEN ERA: A RED BOOK AUDIT FEATURES Adaptive navigation in the Chrétien era Adaptive navigation by Michael Adams, page 1 Taking care of business: Chrétien and the Americans by John Herd Thompson, page 1 Jean Chrétien and the Shawinigan step dance in the Chrétien era from the Editors, page 2 Creative inaction: Jean Chrétien and the art of doing CHANGING THE BY MICHAEL ADAMS nothing by H.V. Nelles, page 3 CANADIAN LANDSCAPE Systemic transformation: Are Canadians up to it? hen Jean Chrétien defeated Michael Adams is the president of by Charles F. Doran, page 4 the Environics group of companies Right, left, and forever the centre by Daniel Drache, page 5 WKim Campbell in the fall of Jean Chrétien’s surprise: A Canadian nationalist legacy and author of Fire and Ice: 1993, Canada’s economy was emerg- by Reg Whitaker, page 10 The United States, Canada and ing from a recession, the country The quintessential “domestic” foreign policy prime the Myth of Converging Values. minister by Andrew F. Cooper, page 13 was in serious debt and running He kept us out of Buffalo: Jean Chrétien and Canadian annual deficits, and the Canadian nationalism by Seth Feldman, page 14 dollar was eroding in value. Quebec In the fall of 2003, the Canadian The Rt. Hon. Jean Chrétien: Revised standard version had joined the majority of Canadi- by George Elliott Clarke, page 15 economy is strong, the federal gov- Securing our future: What follows tomorrow? ans the year before in defeating ernment has reduced its debt and Chrétien and cultural policy by Joyce Zemans, page 16 the Charlottetown Accord and was no longer runs deficits, and the Jean Chrétien and cultural policy: ramping up for another referendum Canadian dollar is rising in value. The biggest deficit of all? by David Taras, page 19 Post-secondary education in the Chrétien years on its constitutional status. Adaptive navigation, page 7 by Paul Axelrod, page 20 Quebec and the democratic deficit by Guy Laforest, page 22 The Chrétien legacy: Courting democracy? Taking care of business: by Allan C. Hutchinson, page 24 Turning the page: Deterrence against legitimacy by Jules Duchastel, page 25 Chrétien and the Americans Liberalizing Canada: A political calculation, not a question of principle by Jamie Cameron, page 28 Chrétien and the Aboriginals “HARMED” RELATIONS BY JOHN HERD THOMPSON by Andrée Lajoie, Éric Gelineau, page 29 AND THE BAD SINGER Take a green poultice and call the next prime minister: s I write this comment for John Herd Thompson is director of Mr. Chrétien’s remedy in federal health policy the North American Studies Program by Dr. Terrence Sullivan, Dr. Colleen Flood, page 30 A Canada Watch “The Chrétien Federal social policy, the provinces, and the rise of and chair of the Department of Era,” his successor, Paul Martin, is cities by Francis Lankin, page 31 History at Duke University. gathering editorial praise for his The Chrétien legacy and women’s equality promise to restore the US–Canada by Barbara Cameron, page 32 Women, work, and social policy reform: relationship, supposedly damaged I’ll argue instead that—given the The Chrétien legacy by Sylvia Bashevkin, page 33 by Jean Chrétien during his decade circumstances in which he gov- The non-legacy: Health care in the Chrétien decade as prime minister. Today’s e-mail in- erned and the massive asymmetry by Gerard W. Boychuk, page 34 The Canadian contribution to international security cluded an invitation to a scholarly of power between the United States under Jean Chrétien: The good, the bad, and the conference devoted to the question and Canada—Chrétien did a pretty ugly by Kyle Grayson, David Dewitt, page 35 “Did the relationship between Presi- good job with US–Canada relations, Chrétien, NAFTA, and the United States by Earl H. Fry, page 36 dent Bush and former Prime Minis- by any reasonable measure. Re- The Chrétien record on environment and sustainability ter Chrétien ‘harm’ the Canada –US member that Jean Chrétien won by David V.J. Bell, page 41 relationship, and how might this office in 1993 in large part because Income inequality and poverty: The Liberal change with the recent political Canadian voters were fed up to the record by leadership shift in Ottawa?” Taking care of business, page 8 Andrew Jackson, page 42 Canada Watch is a publication of the York University Centre for Public Law and Public Policy and the Robarts Centre for Canadian Studies of York University FROM THE EDITORS Jean Chrétien and the EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Daniel Drache, Robarts Centre for Shawinigan step dance Canadian Studies, York University Seth Feldman, Robarts Centre for Canadian Studies, York University othing so befit Jean Chrétien’s man- Chrétien, it would almost Robert Wai, Osgoode Hall Ndate as his departure from it. After Law School, York University nearly a decade of being criticized for seem, had adopted undermining the financial security of Ca- good old American MANAGING EDITORS nadian institutions (hence Canadians), Joan Shields and Laura Taman drifting toward continentalism and glo- pragmatism—now that balization and for otherwise being asleep the Americans no longer COLUMNISTS THIS ISSUE at the switch, Chrétien became deter- Michael Adams John Herd Thompson mined to leave the country with an im- had any use for it. H.V. Nelles Charles Doran age of himself as an activist prime min- Daniel Drache Reg Whitaker ister with a strong nationalist bent. He Andrew F. Cooper Seth Feldman would write his own legacy with a thor- The traumatic deficit reduction exercise George Elliott Clarke Joyce Zemans oughness seldom devoted to his more rode roughshod over any stated agenda. David Taras Paul Axelrod quotidian tasks. Was it enough? And At the same time, though, the conse- Guy Laforest Allan C. Hutchinson what is the real legacy of Jean Chrétien’s quences of that exercise fell far short of Jules Duchastel Jamie Cameron 10 years in office? the Republican ideology that imposed a Andrée Lajoie Éric Gelineau The Chrétien Era: A Red Book Audit very obvious societal catastrophe south Terrence Sullivan Colleen Flood is an in-depth look that defines the fail- of the border. Chrétien, it would almost Francis Lankin Barbara Cameron ures, accomplishments, and real legacy seem, had adopted good old American Sylvia Bashevkin Gerard W. Boychuk of the Chrétien years across a wide num- pragmatism—now that the Americans no Kyle Grayson David Dewitt ber of fields. Our point of departure is longer had any use for it. Earl H. Fry David V.J. Bell that Jean Chrétien had, thanks to strong Under Chrétien’s watch, the Canadian Andrew Jackson majority governments, a fragmented op- political landscape and public policy PRODUCTION position, and a united Liberal Party, a were deeply and profoundly trans- WordsWorth Communications world of options open to him. More than formed, shifting to the right. At the same that, he had a carefully considered man- time, Canadian civil society reaffirmed CONTACT FOR INFORMATION date in the form of the 1993 Red Book its long-standing centre/left values. For Canada Watch and its two successors. 10 years, our former prime minister step 227 York Lanes, 4700 Keele St. So what happened? Are deficit reduc- danced around all these contradictions, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3 tion, gun control, same-sex marriage, de- cutting and spending, seducing and of- Phone (416) 736-2100, ext. 77562 criminalization of marijuana, the Kyoto fending, globalizing and raising the flag Fax (416) 650-4321 Protocol, border security, the Third with equal conviction. www.robarts.yorku.ca Country Agreement on Immigrants, the It is our hope that in these first cold Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, winter months of Paul Martin’s reign, we ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION RATES Anti-Terrorism Act, the Clarity Act, off- will have assembled a fair description of 6 issues per year. Outside Canada, add $10 side in the Iraq war, and new social Jean Chrétien’s watch. Martin is himself Institutions: $75 spending the building blocks of the something of a Chrétien Liberal—elusive, Individuals: $35 Canada Jean Chrétien wanted? indecisive, pragmatic, self-contradictory, Students: $20 Reading the contributions submitted full of spin, and short on action. It is also Canada Watch is produced jointly by to us by some of the leading commenta- possible that spending the better part of the York University Centre for Public Law tors on Canadian political affairs, our first a mandate around Chrétien’s Cabinet and Public Policy, and the Robarts Centre impression is that Jean Chrétien was a table, Martin will want to distance him- for Canadian Studies of York University. far more substantial prime minister than self from these less than admirable hab- Copyright © 2004 either his supporters or detractors were its. Whether or not he can, and where Centre for Public Law and Public Policy; prone to acknowledge. Certainly, he Canada goes from here will be to a large the Robarts Centre for Canadian Studies never felt himself obliged to follow his extent shaped by the man on whose Printed in Canada ISSN 1191-7733 own Red Book manifestos to the letter. shoulders Martin is now standing. 2 CANADA WATCH • FEBRUARY 2004 • VOLUME 9 • NUMBERS 3-4 Creative inaction: Jean Chrétien and the art of doing nothing MACKENZIE KING AND BY H.V. NELLES peared as a political force, and support THE STRATEGY OF INACTION for independence without association— H.V. Nelles holds the honorific title cademics have an understandable which is what the next question must ask of university research professor according to the Supreme Court—has Abias toward evaluating politicians by at York University.
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