Philosophy in Practice
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Philosophy in Practice VOLUME 4 – SPRING 2010 CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY Philosophy in Practice VOLUME 4 – SPRING 2010 © Copyright 2010 by CSULA Philosophy Department. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Individual copyright reverts to the authors upon further publication of their articles. CONTENTS Acknowledgments ..................................v Faculty ...........................................vi Professor Spotlight: Ann Garry. viii Articles: Burge’s Contextual Theory of Truth and the Liar Paradox Matthew J. Leonard .......................... 1 Identifying Cognitive Phenomenology in Husserl: Making Sense of Demonstratives Ali Mohsen ................................ 20 Cognitive Phenomenology and Demonstrative Thoughts Michael Anderson .......................... 34 Ideal and Nonideal Theory in Reflective Equilibrium April Van Bibber . 54 “Outing” Power: Exposing Evasion and Concealment of Power Through Sexuality in Foucault’s History of Sexuality Anthony Ristow ............................ 73 Signals of Violence: Contemplating Symbolic Acts of Violence in Post-colonial Discourse Richard Burton ............................ 96 Modularity and the Cognitive Architecture of Mind: Fodorian Modules and the Niche-construction Theory of Sterelny Kyle Arneson ..............................116 For a Lovelier Understanding in Explanation James Winburn ............................136 Formal Critique of Intersectionality: Bridging the Gap Between Social Science and Feminist Theory Jasmine Hall ..............................149 iii Defense of Intersectionality Italia Iossif ................................167 Psychopaths and Moral Rationalism Carlos Maguina ............................181 Kantian Deontology and the Moral Exclusion of Animals Raj Shah ..................................189 Contributors .....................................206 Philosophy Program Information ....................208 iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Philosophy in Practice is produced by students at California State University, Los Angeles. The editorial staff wishes to thank all the authors for submitting and refereeing articles, the faculty of the philosophy department for agreeing to supervise individual contri- butions, and the University for its generous financial support. EDITORS: Ali Mohsen Anthony Ristow April Van Bibber FACULTY ADVISOR: Dr. Michael K. Shim v CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, LOS ANGELES PHILOSOPHY FACULTY Kayley Vernallis (1993– ), Chair, Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley. Moral Psychology, 19th and 20th Century Continental Philos- ophy, Feminist Philosophy, Ethics, Aesthetics, Gender and Sexuality Mohammed Abed (2008– ), University of Wisconsin, Madison. Ethics, Social and Political Philosophy, Philosophies of Violence, Genocide and Terrorism Mark Balaguer (1992– ), Ph.D. City University of New York. Philosophy of Mathematics, Metaphysics, Meta-ethics, Philosophy of Language, Logic Talia Bettcher (2000– ), Ph.D. University of California, Los Angeles. History of Modern Philosophy, Philosophy of Self, Gender and Sexuality Anna Carastathis (2009– ), Ph.D. McGill University. Social Political Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy, Philosophy of Race, Critical Race Theory, Postcolonial Theory, Phenomenology Richard Dean (2009– ), Ph.D. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Ethics, Kant’s Moral Philosophy, Applied Ethics Jennifer Faust (1993– ), Ph.D. University of Illinois, Chicago. Epis- temology, Philosophy of Biology, Metaphysics, Ethics of the Human Genome Project, Philosophy of Race Ann Garry (1969– ), Ph.D. University of Maryland. Feminist Philos- ophy, Philosophical Methodology, Epistemology, Applied Ethics, Witt- genstein, Philosophy of Law Ricardo J. Gómez (1983– ), Ph.D. Indiana University. Philosophy of Science and Technology, Philosophy of Mathematics, Kant, Latin Amer- ican Philosophy Ronald Houts (1983– ), Ph.D. University of California, Los Angeles. Metaphysics, Epistemology, Logic Henry R. Mendell (1983– ), Ph.D. Stanford University. Ancient Philos- ophy, History of Ancient Mathematics and Science, Philosophy of Science, Metaphysics vi David Pitt (2003– ), Ph.D. City University of New York. Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Language, Metaphysics Joseph Prabhu (1978– ), Ph.D. Boston University. Philosophy of Reli- gion, 19th and 20th Century German Philosophy, Moral and Social Philosophy, Indian and Comparative Philosophy Sheila Price (1964– ). Recent Philosophy, Comparative Religions, Medical Ethics, Environmental Ethics. Michael K. Shim (2007– ), Ph.D. State University of New York, Stony Brook. 20th Century Continental Philosophy, Phenomenology, Husserl, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Language EMERITUS PROFESSORS Sidney P. Albert (1956–1979). Aesthetics, Ancient Philosophy. Thomas Annese (1961–1992). Epistemology, Modern Philosophy. Sharon Bishop (1967–2004). Ethics, Political Philosophy, Philosoph- ical Psychology, Feminist Ethics. Donald Burrill (1962–1992). Ethics, Philosophy of Law, American Philosophy. George Vick (1967–1997). Metaphysics, Phenomenology, Existen- tialism, Philosophy of Religion, Medieval Philosophy. vii PROFESSOR SPOTLIGHT: ANN GARRY Colleagues refer to her as “an intellec- tual revolutionary,” which causes her to blush without reason. An interactive and engaging teaching style and a cornucopia of writing, activism and academic achieve- ments and awards commemorate a remark- able teaching career from which Dr. Ann Garry will completely retire, relinquishing the last of her teaching commitments at Cal State L.A. in 2011. A pioneering feminist, Dr. Garry joined Cal State L.A. in 1969 to teach, but soon found herself and colleague Sharon Bishop working hard to build the philosophy department up into what it is today. Expressing a deep fondness for her colleagues and pride in their work, Dr. Garry recalls the years she and Dr. Bishop chaired the department (over 20) and how pleased she is with the recognition it has received nationwide for all that it has become. Dr. Garry also authored an abundance of articles, reviews and scholarly presentations, and co-edited Women, Knowl- edge, and Reality: Explorations in Feminist Philosophy. She has chaired and organized panels for professional workshops, received numerous national and CSULA grants, and served on a variety of professional boards. She was the recipient of the Fourth Annual Distinguished Women’s Award in 2006, and spent 2007 exploring the landscape and culture of Japan while teaching at the University of Tokyo as a Fulbright Scholar. What she sees as one of her greatest accomplishments, however, was the honor of being one of the founders of Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philos- ophy, the premier and oldest journal of feminist philosophy. Most recently, she co-edited the Summer 2009 issue, “Transgender Studies and Feminism: Theory, Politics, and Gendered Realities” with colleague Dr. Talia Bettcher. viii In addition to her responsibilities at Cal State L.A., Dr. Garry has served as a visiting professor at UCLA and USC, teaching women’s studies and feminist philosophy. Her interests include applied ethics, philosophical method, and epistemology, but she is best known for her work in feminism, which began in the foundational years of the late 1960s. When asked how she felt about being one of the pioneers of feminist philosophy, Dr. Garry responded that the thinking at that time was not, “we’re doing something historical.” Rather, in step with her direct, no-nonsense style, she recalls that her own thinking as an early feminist was simply, “this needs to be done.” It is this get-it-done attitude that continues to multiply her accomplishments and, coupled with a delightfully humble trans- parency, enables Dr. Garry to reach students on a personal level as she engages them in invigorating classroom debates. While her own, pithy description is “I know it’s messy…” as she hands out the syllabi in her classes, her method of organization emphasizes a commitment to encouraging student exploration of academic themes by keeping their assignment options open. Not surpris- ingly, Cal State L.A. has recognized her dedication to teaching by honoring her with both the Outstanding Professor Award and the President’s Distinguished Professor Award. From her view as a teacher, she expresses appreciation and gratitude for the invalu- able cultural perspectives of her students in the richly diverse, multi-cultural atmosphere of Cal State L.A. A well-known and highly respected leader in her field, Dr. Garry is interested in promoting the integration of feminist philos- ophy into other curricula She describes the relationship between feminist work and other philosophical fields as “more inclusive than one might think.” Two common misperceptions of feminism that she cites are that feminists are anti-male and that feminism is only about white women, and her advice to new feminists is, “to keep their edge—there’s still lots of new and important stuff to do.” Dr. Garry will bridge the space between her illustrious academic career and her approaching retirement by continuing to advise M.A. thesis students here at Cal State L.A. She also ix looks forward to completing some articles that currently lie on the back burner of her busy life, continuing her activist