Alice in Wonderland: Nonsense and Logic in Literature
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THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH SIX IMPOSSIBLE THINGS BEFORE BREAKFAST: THE LIFE AND MIND OF LEWIS CARROLL IN THE AGE OF ALICE’S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND MARY ALLEN SPRING 2020 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a baccalaureate degree in English with honors in English Reviewed and approved* by the following: Kate Rosenberg Assistant Teaching Professor of English Thesis Supervisor Christopher Reed Distinguished Professor of English, Visual Culture, and Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Honors Adviser * Electronic approvals are on file. i ABSTRACT This thesis analyzes and offers connections between esteemed children’s literature author Lewis Carroll and the quality of mental state in which he was perceived by the public. Due to the imaginative nature of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, it has been commonplace among scholars, students, readers, and most individuals familiar with the novel to wonder about the motive behind the unique perspective, or if the motive was ever intentional. This thesis explores the intentionality, or lack thereof, of the motives behind the novel along with elements of a close reading of Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. It additionally explores the origins of the concept of childhood along with the qualifications in relation to time period, culture, location, and age. It identifies common stereotypes and presumptions within the subject of mental illness. It aims to achieve a connection between the contents of Carroll’s novel with -
Lic # Last Name First Name Addr Line 1 Addr Line 2 City St Zip County Phone 1 Marrinson Ralph 1601 NE 26 Street Ft Lauderdale FL
Lic # Last Name First Name Addr Line 1 Addr Line 2 City St Zip County Phone 1 Marrinson Ralph 1601 NE 26 Street Ft Lauderdale FL 33305-1412Broward 954.566.8353 1118 Hauth E. Hauth HealthCare Consultants 2516 Jonila Avenue Lakeland FL 33802 Polk 863.688.0863 1186 Hawk Kathleen 4200 Washington Street Hollywood FL 33021 Broward 954.981.6300 1433 Kernon Randolph Indigo Manor Nurg & Rehab 595 N. Williamson Blvd Daytona Beach FL 32114 Volusia 386.257.4400 1494 Goetz Martin River Garden Hebrew Home 11401 Old St. Augustine Rd Jacksonville FL 32258 Duval 904.886.8409 1508 Booth Peggy 2090 N Congress Ave West Palm Bch FL 33401 Palm Beach 561.686.5100 1555 Casper Martin Not Practicing In Florida P O Box 6320 Out Of State ZZ 000 Out State 352.787.3545 1566 Franklin Freddie Not Practicing In Florida P O Box 6320 Out Of State ZZ 000 Out State 850.510.6160 1581 Grady Fred 1353 Myakka Rd Sarasota FL 34240 Sarasota 941.322.6100 1618 Hall Nancy 2000 17th Ave S Saint Petersburg FL 33712 Pinellas 850.688.8713 1630 Newman Robert Not Practicing In Florida P O Box 6320 Out Of State ZZ 000 Out State 941.377.0022 1650 Vining David 2810 South Atlantic Ave New Smyrna Bch FL 32169-3446Volusia 386.424.3220 1676 Glass Tom 409 S.10th Street Haines City FL 33845-1476Polk 863.422.8656 1744 Savett William 9711 W Oakland Park Blvd Sunrise FL 33351 Broward 954.572.4000 1766 Collins Patricia 8050 Spyglass Hill Road Viera FL 32940 Brevard 321.255.6030 1767 Davis Janice Palm Garden Of Jacksonville 5725 Spring Park Rd. -
Karen June Thompson
Scripture says "There is a time to be born and a time to die". Jesus looked at them and said, And when it is my time to die, angels will be there to comfort me. "With man this is impossible, He will give me peace and but with God all things are possible" joy even at that most critical hour, -Matthew 19:26 and usher me into the presence of God. And I will dwell with the LORD forever. Thank God for the ministry of His blessed angels. By: Cecilia Medicine Cedar Arrangements Entrusted to Karen June Thompson Highmore, South Dakota January 7, 1953 - February 16, 2020 www.familyfuneralhome.net Karen June Medicine Cedar was born on January 7, 1953 to Chief William Schweigman and Cecelia Medicine Cedar in Chamberlain, South Wake Services: Dakota. Karen attended school in Fort ompson Elementary, Gann Valley 7:00 p.m., Saturday, February 22, 2020 and Immaculate Conception, in Stephan, South Dakota. She then went on to Sunday, February 23, 2020 pursue a degree in Police Science at United Sioux Tribes in Bismarck, North St. Joseph Catholic Church Dakota. Aer graduating she returned to work for the Fort ompson Police Fort ompson, South Dakota Department as a police officer and then later took a position there as the radio dispatcher for many years. She worked for the courthouse as Clerk of Funeral Mass: Courts and for the Crow Creek Sioux Tribe as the T. W. E. P. T. Director. Her 10:00 a.m., Monday, February 24, 2020 retirement was due to illness. St. -
2018 Class Placings-Swine
2018 Fond du Lac County Fair Swine Show Ear Tag Home Name Parent's Name Club/Chapter/City # Sex End Wt. Bred Placing Award Class 1 Market Barrow Evie Ganske Jason Ganske Alto All Stars 4-H FL1292 B 210 yes 1 W Elijah Zick Ben & Corinne Zick Busy Bees 4-H FL1177 B 216 2 W Gracie Schwarz Greg & Gena Schwarz Schwarz Armstrong 4-H FL1166 B 230 1 B Norah Ganske Jason Ganske Alto All Stars 4-H FL1294 B 232 yes 2 B Champion Showman Grades 7-8 Abigail Dorn Jason & Heather Dorn Green Valley 4-H FL1170 B 235 yes 1 W Abigail Ksioszk Jeremy & Jodie Ksioszk Armstrong 4-H FL1207 B 238 2 R Bailey Wetzel Todd & Michelle Wetzel Alto All Stars 4-H FL1107 B 239 1 R Class 2 Market Barrow Blake Justmann Al & Heather Justmann Oakfield FFA FL1101 B 241 1 P Nate Thomas Dan & Vicki Thomas South Byron; Lomira FFA FL1217 B 244 1 W Riley Zick Ben & Corinne Zick Busy Bees 4-H FL1180 B 245 1 R Keaton Flanders Carey Flanders Campbellsport FFA FL1127 B 247 2 R Sebastian Meyer Ronald Meyer Campbellsport FFA FL1226 B 247 2 B Kolby Hensel Jason Hensel Creative Clovers 4-H FL1132 B 249 2 P Chelsee Wetzel Todd & Michelle Wetzel Alto All Stars 4-H FL1106 B 250 2 W Andrew Kintzler Jeremy & Ann Kintzler Green Valley 4-H FL1301 B 250 1 B Class 3 Market Barrow Owen Holzmann Peter & Cindy Holzman Creative Clovers 4-H FL1182 B 251 2 B Jacob Bergman Todd & Brenda Bergman South Byron 4-H FL1199 B 251 2 W Logan Birschbach Jesse Birschbach Taft 23 4-H FL1139 B 252 1 P Emilie Campagna Dan & Stacy Cappozzo Armstrong 4-H FL1168 B 252 1 B Rs Ch Barrow, Ch Show 11-13, Gr Ch Show Brady Loehr Dan & Grace Loehr Armstrong 4-H FL1320 B 256 2 R Josie O'Brien Heather O'Brien Taft 23 4-H FL1105 B 258 1 R Seth Henke Tim & Linda Henke Laconia FFA FL1347 B 258 1 W Class 4 Market Barrow Ear Tag Home Name Parent's Name Club/Chapter/City # Sex End Wt. -
2020 PARTICIPANT LIST Last Updated 3/9/2020
2020 PARTICIPANT LIST Last updated 3/9/2020 Athletes who register after April 14, 2020 will not have race materials personalized (name on merchandise apparel and name on race bib). Athletes will also not be assigned a bib number until Athlete Check-In. AGE AS OF STATE/ LAST NAME FIRST NAME GENDER 12/31/2020 PROVINCE Abbott Michael MALE 50 WA Abdelhay Neil MALE 39 BC Abdul Qader Aziza FEMALE 23 BC Abel Elizabeth FEMALE 35 WA Abelson David MALE 54 CO Abney Chuck MALE 63 BC Abraham Dawson MALE 27 AB Abrams Mike MALE 53 WA Abras Rachel FEMALE 32 BC Acford Kylie FEMALE 33 BC Achtzner Chris MALE 55 BC Adams Allison FEMALE 29 WA Adams Brett MALE 31 WA Adams David MALE 30 BC Adams Derek MALE 29 CA Adams Jennifer FEMALE 52 AB Adams Ken MALE 42 OH Adams Linda FEMALE 59 BC Addison Ken MALE 52 BC Adelson Emily FEMALE 29 WA Agren Kristen FEMALE 51 WA Aguirre Arturo MALE 33 WA Ahlf Lacey FEMALE 42 WA Alcock Bianca FEMALE 28 CA Alcott Emily FEMALE 35 OR Alexander Jeanette FEMALE 50 BC Alfano Lisa FEMALE 59 OR Alkerton Mathew MALE 34 ON allen jackie FEMALE 56 BC Allen Jeffrey MALE 35 CA Allen Kyle MALE 35 LA Alley Richard MALE 40 UT Allison Erika FEMALE 27 CA Allred Julie FEMALE 52 UT Alnabelsi Hana FEMALE 24 ON Amacker Kirby FEMALE 53 WA Amani Nomi FEMALE 46 WA Ammons Marcia FEMALE 37 CO Amoresano Joseph MALE 30 NJ Amsalem Jacob MALE 40 BC Anders Anna FEMALE 28 OR Andersen Peter MALE 46 BC Anderson Andrew MALE 26 DC Anderson Geneva FEMALE 34 WA Anderson Gord MALE 42 BC Anderson Jill FEMALE 54 WA Anderson Jon MALE 63 CA Anderson Jonathan MALE 30 WA Anderson -
Girl Names Registered in 1996
Baby Girl Names Registered in 1996 # Baby Girl Names # Baby Girl Names # Baby Girl Names 1 Aaliyah 1 Aiesha 1 Aleeta 1 Aamino 2 Aileen 1 Aleigha 1 Aamna 1 Ailish 2 Aleksandra 1 Aanchal 1 Ailsa 3 Alena 2 Aaryn 4 Aimee 1 Alesha 1 Aashna 1Ainslay 1 Alesia 5 Abbey 1Ainsleigh 1 Alesian 1 Abbi 4Ainsley 6 Alessandra 3 Abbie 1 Airianna 1 Alessia 2 Abbigail 1Airyn 1 Aleta 19 Abby 4 Aisha 5 Alex 1 Abear 1 Aishling 25 Alexa 1 Abena 6 Aislinn 1 Alexander 1 Abigael 1 Aiyana-Marie 128 Alexandra 32 Abigail 2Aja 2 Alexandrea 5 Abigayle 1 Ajdina 29 Alexandria 2 Abir 1 Ajsha 5 Alexia 1 Abrianna 1 Akasha 49 Alexis 1 Abrinna 1Akayla 1 Alexsandra 1 Abyen 2Akaysha 1 Alexus 1 Abygail 1Akelyn 2 Ali 2 Acacia 1 Akosua 7 Alia 1 Accacca 1 Aksana 1 Aliah 1 Ada 1 Akshpreet 1 Alice 1 Adalaine 1 Alabama 38 Alicia 1 Adan 2 Alaina 1 Alicja 1 Adanna 1 Alainah 1 Alicyn 1 Adara 20 Alana 4 Alida 1 Adarah 1 Alanah 2 Aliesha 1 Addisyn 1 Alanda 1 Alifa 1 Adele 1 Alandra 2 Alina 2 Adelle 12 Alanna 1 Aline 1 Adetola 6 Alannah 1 Alinna 1 Adrey 2 Alannis 4 Alisa 1 Adria 1Alara 1 Alisan 9 Adriana 1 Alasha 1 Alisar 6 Adrianna 2 Alaura 23 Alisha 1 Adrianne 1 Alaxandria 2 Alishia 1 Adrien 1 Alayna 1 Alisia 9 Adrienne 1 Alaynna 23 Alison 1 Aerial 1 Alayssia 9 Alissa 1 Aeriel 1 Alberta 1 Alissah 1 Afrika 1 Albertina 1 Alita 4 Aganetha 1 Alea 3 Alix 4 Agatha 2 Aleah 1 Alixandra 2 Agnes 4 Aleasha 4 Aliya 1 Ahmarie 1 Aleashea 1 Aliza 1 Ahnika 7Alecia 1 Allana 2 Aidan 2 Aleena 1 Allannha 1 Aiden 1 Aleeshya 1 Alleah Baby Girl Names Registered in 1996 Page 2 of 28 January, 2006 # Baby Girl Names -
Baby Girl Names Registered in 2001 a GOVERNMENT SERVICES
Baby Girl Names Registered in 2001 A GOVERNMENT SERVICES # Girl Names # Girl Names # Girl Names 1 A 1 Adelaide 4 Aisha 2 Aaisha 2 Adelle 1 Aisley 1 Aajah 1 Adelynn 1 Aislin 1 Aaliana 2 Adena 1 Aislinn 2 Aaliya 1 Adeoluwa 2 Aislyn 10 Aaliyah 1 Adia 1 Aislynn 1 Aalyah 1 Adiella 1 Aisyah 1 Aarona 5 Adina 1 Ai-Vy 1 Aaryanna 1 Adreana 1 Aiyana 1 Aashiyana 1 Adreanna 1 Aja 1 Aashna 7 Adria 1 Ajla 1 Aasiya 2 Adrian 1 Akanksha 1 Abaigeal 7 Adriana 1 Akasha 1 Abang 11 Adrianna 1 Akashroop 1 Abbegael 1 Adrianne 1 Akayla 1 Abbegayle 1 Adrien 1 Akaysia 15 Abbey 1 Adriene 1 Akeera 2 Abbi 3 Adrienne 1 Akeima 3 Abbie 1 Adyan 1 Akira 8 Abbigail 1 Aedan 1 Akoul 1 Abbi-Gail 1 Aeryn 1 Akrity 47 Abby 1 Aeshah 2 Alaa 3 Abbygail 1 Afra 1 Ala'a 2 Abbygale 1 Afroz 1 Alabama 1 Abbygayle 1 Afsaneh 1 Alabed 1 Abby-Jean 1 Aganetha 5 Alaina 1 Abella 1 Agar 1 Alaine 1 Abha 6 Agatha 1 Alaiya 1 Abigael 1 Agel 11 Alana 83 Abigail 2 Agnes 1 Alanah 1 Abigale 1 Aheen 4 Alanna 1 Abigayil 1 Ahein 2 Alannah 4 Abigayle 1 Ahlam 1 Alanta 1 Abir 2 Ahna 1 Alasia 1 Abrial 1 Ahtum 1 Alaura 1 Abrianna 1 Aida 1 Alaya 3 Abrielle 4 Aidan 1 Alayja 1 Abuk 2 Aideen 5 Alayna 1 Abygale 6 Aiden 1 Alaysia 3 Acacia 1 Aija 1 Alberta 1 Acadiana 1 Aika 1 Aldricia 1 Acelyn 1 Aiko 2 Alea 1 Achwiel 1 Aileen 7 Aleah 1 Adalien 1 Aiman 1 Aleasheanne 1 Adana 7 Aimee 1 Aleea 2 Adanna 2 Aimée 1 Aleesha 2 Adara 1 Aimie 2 Aleeza 1 Adawn-Rae 1 Áine 1 Aleighna 1 Addesyn 1 Ainsleigh 1 Aleighsha 1 Addisan 12 Ainsley 1 Aleika 10 Addison 1 Aira 1 Alejandra 1 Addison-Grace 1 Airianna 1 Alekxandra 1 Addyson 1 Aisa -
2018 Annual Report
Courage Science Technology Outdoors Engineering Math Confidence Entrepreneurship Life Skills Character 2018 Annual Report The Girl Scout Difference Exploring New Adventures Sisters Cree (11 years) and Kri (9 years) spent the best week of their summer at Girl Scout Camp, thanks to generous donations that make the outdoor experience available to every girl. When asked about their favorite activity at camp, the girls listed everything, “Swimming in the lake, hiking, making s’mores, kayaking, playing with other girls, hearing the birds, making experiments, and meeting new friends.” Trying exciting new activities, spending summer days outside, and developing friendships built the girls’ confidence which continued to have a positive impact when they returned home. Girl Scouts and sisters, Cree and Kri Girl Scouts is proven to help girls thrive in five key ways as they: Develop a strong Display Seek Form and Learn how sense of self positive challenges and maintain healthy to identify and values learn from relationships solve problems in setbacks their community Gold Award Girl Scout Colleenn Innovator. Trailblazer. Educator. These are impactful qualities that describe Gold Award Girl Scout Colleen DeLisle and her work in helping to make the world a better place. The Girl Scoututt Gold Award is the highest honor a girl can earn, symbolizing outstanding accomplishments in leadership development, project planning, and advocating for others. Colleen’s Gold Award project “Literacy for Life” connected the importance of early reading skills to success later in life. Her sustainable solution included installation of outdoor literacy trails for children and their parents in Haiti, Kenya, and Milwaukee that encourages interactive learning through rhyming, reading, and counting games. -
Examining the Relationship Between Children's
A Spoonful of Silly: Examining the Relationship Between Children’s Nonsense Verse and Critical Literacy by Bonnie Tulloch B.A., (Hons), Simon Fraser University, 2013 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (Children’s Literature) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) December 2015 © Bonnie Tulloch, 2015 Abstract This thesis interrogates the common assumption that nonsense literature makes “no sense.” Building off research in the fields of English and Education that suggests the intellectual value of literary nonsense, this study explores the nonsense verse of several North American children’s poets to determine if and how their play with language disrupts the colonizing agenda of children’s literature. Adopting the critical lenses of Translation Theory and Postcolonial Theory in its discussion of Dr. Seuss’s On Beyond Zebra! (1955) and I Can Read with My Eyes Shut! (1978), along with selected poems from Shel Silverstein’s Where the Sidewalk Ends (1974), A Light in the Attic (1981), Runny Babbit (2005), Dennis Lee’s Alligator Pie (1974), Nicholas Knock and Other People (1974), and JonArno Lawson’s Black Stars in a White Night Sky (2006) and Down in the Bottom of the Bottom of the Box (2012), this thesis examines how the foreignizing effect of nonsense verse exposes the hidden adult presence within children’s literature, reminding children that childhood is essentially an adult concept—a subjective interpretation (i.e., translation) of their lived experiences. Analyzing the way these poets’ nonsense verse deviates from cultural norms and exposes the hidden adult presence within children’s literature, this research considers the way their poetry assumes a knowledgeable implied reader, one who is capable of critically engaging with the text. -
Examining the Relationship Between Children's Nonsense Verse And
A Spoonful of Silly: Examining the Relationship Between Children’s Nonsense Verse and Critical Literacy by Bonnie Tulloch B.A., (Hons), Simon Fraser University, 2013 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES (Children’s Literature) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (Vancouver) December 2015 © Bonnie Tulloch, 2015 Abstract This thesis interrogates the common assumption that nonsense literature makes “no sense.” Building off research in the fields of English and Education that suggests the intellectual value of literary nonsense, this study explores the nonsense verse of several North American children’s poets to determine if and how their play with language disrupts the colonizing agenda of children’s literature. Adopting the critical lenses of Translation Theory and Postcolonial Theory in its discussion of Dr. Seuss’s On Beyond Zebra! (1955) and I Can Read with My Eyes Shut! (1978), along with selected poems from Shel Silverstein’s Where the Sidewalk Ends (1974), A Light in the Attic (1981), Runny Babbit (2005), Dennis Lee’s Alligator Pie (1974), Nicholas Knock and Other People (1974), and JonArno Lawson’s Black Stars in a White Night Sky (2006) and Down in the Bottom of the Bottom of the Box (2012), this thesis examines how the foreignizing effect of nonsense verse exposes the hidden adult presence within children’s literature, reminding children that childhood is essentially an adult concept—a subjective interpretation (i.e., translation) of their lived experiences. Analyzing the way these poets’ nonsense verse deviates from cultural norms and exposes the hidden adult presence within children’s literature, this research considers the way their poetry assumes a knowledgeable implied reader, one who is capable of critically engaging with the text. -
Anonymous (12)
June 2016 2015 Saint Luke’s Employee Circle of Giving Donors Anonymous (174) Susan Baughman Tricia Brashear Tiffany M. Abe Karlene M. Bauman Amanda Brawner Cheryl S. Abernathy Chrishaunda C. Bean Sandra J. Brennan Melissa L. Abernathy Nikki R. Beard Lauralene Brentlinger Angela Abraham Hilary B. Beck Bridget A. Brion Jose A. Aceituno Barbara L. Beckett Celesta D. Briscoe Mary Acklin Anna M. Beckwith Tonya R. Britton Sharon E. Adams Emily J. Beerman Abigail L. Brockman Tamara E. Adams Dennis T. Beers Leslie H. Brookins Amy Adkison Joan C. Beggs Kathleen M. Brosnahan Liza D. Albidress Pamela J. Beier Dionne P. Brown Whitney L. Albright Megan L. Beissenherz Illysa I. Brown Deborah P. Alderman Elaine L. Bell Letitia K. Brown Kelley M. Aldrich Sharon D. Bell Morris Brown Kimberly R. Alexander Brenda Bennett Susan K. Brown Kristin A. Alexander Kathleen M. Bennett Tamara Brown Richard Alexander Tracy Bentley Kathryn M. Bruce Leroy Allen Bruce Bergmann Amy Brummer Tommi C. Allen Jason A. Berry Donna M. Buchanan Toriaun S. Allen Timothy P. Berry Amy M. Buckwalter Thouraya Al-Maliky Deanna L. Beyer Jana L. Budde Theresa M. Alvarez Brett Bibler Rosalie A. Buergler Gayle A. Ambrose Darrell R. Bieberly Aimee J. Bultemeier Melodie R. Ancona Pamela D. Biggs Mary J. Bundy Beverly A. Anderson Laura L. Bigler Michelle Bunney Courtney S. Anderson Amy M. Bishop Nikki K. Burk Christopher R. Ankenbrand Andrea R. Black Kelly A. Burke Chris L. Arnold Angela L. Blake Rhonda V. Burke Nancy S. Arnold Korie N. Bland Virgil W. Burke Nikeya N. Arnold Charissa Blankenship Rhonda Burkes-Lucas Lisa M. -
1.Hum-Roald Dahl's Nonsense Poetry-Snigdha Nagar
IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature (IMPACT: IJRHAL) ISSN(P): 2347-4564; ISSN(E): 2321-8878 Vol. 4, Issue 4, Apr 2016, 1-8 © Impact Journals ROALD DAHL’ S NONSENSE POETRY: A METHOD IN MADNESS SNIGDHA NAGAR Research Scholar, EFL University, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India ABSTRACT Following on the footsteps of writers like Louis Carroll, Edward Lear, and Dr. Seuss, Roald Dahl’s nonsensical verses create a realm of semiotic confusion which negates formal diction and meaning. This temporary reshuffling of reality actually affirms that which it negates. In other words, as long as it is transitory the ‘nonsense’ serves to establish more firmly the authority of the ‘sense.’ My paper attempts to locate Roald Dahl’s verse in the field of literary nonsense in as much as it avows that which it appears to parody. Set at the brink of modernism these poems are a playful inditement of Victorian conventionality. The three collections of verses Rhyme Stew, Dirty Beasts, and Revolving Rhyme subvert social paradigms through their treatment of censorship and female sexuality. Meant primarily for children, these verses raise a series of uncomfortable questions by alienating the readers with what was once familiar territory. KEYWORDS : Roald Dahl’s Poetry, Subversion, Alienation, Meaning, Nonsense INTRODUCTION The epistemological uncertainty that manifested itself during the Victorian mechanization reached its zenith after the two world wars. “Even signs must burn.” says Jean Baudrillard in For a Critique of the Political Economy of the Sign (1981).The metaphor of chaos was literalized in works of fantasy and humor in all genres.