The Taxonomy of Pseudomonas Fluorescens and Pseudomonas Putida: Current Status and Need for Revision Emmanuel Bossis, Philippe Lemanceau, Xavier Latour, Louis Gardan
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Pseudomonas Fluorescens 2P24 Yang Zhang1†, Bo Zhang1†, Haiyan Wu1, Xiaogang Wu1*, Qing Yan2* and Li-Qun Zhang3*
Zhang et al. BMC Microbiology (2020) 20:191 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-020-01880-x RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Pleiotropic effects of RsmA and RsmE proteins in Pseudomonas fluorescens 2P24 Yang Zhang1†, Bo Zhang1†, Haiyan Wu1, Xiaogang Wu1*, Qing Yan2* and Li-Qun Zhang3* Abstract Background: Pseudomonas fluorescens 2P24 is a rhizosphere bacterium that produces 2,4-diacetyphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) as the decisive secondary metabolite to suppress soilborne plant diseases. The biosynthesis of 2,4-DAPG is strictly regulated by the RsmA family proteins RsmA and RsmE. However, mutation of both of rsmA and rsmE genes results in reduced bacterial growth. Results: In this study, we showed that overproduction of 2,4-DAPG in the rsmA rsmE double mutant influenced the growth of strain 2P24. This delay of growth could be partially reversal when the phlD gene was deleted or overexpression of the phlG gene encoding the 2,4-DAPG hydrolase in the rsmA rsmE double mutant. RNA-seq analysis of the rsmA rsmE double mutant revealed that a substantial portion of the P. fluorescens genome was regulated by RsmA family proteins. These genes are involved in the regulation of 2,4-DAPG production, cell motility, carbon metabolism, and type six secretion system. Conclusions: These results suggest that RsmA and RsmE are the important regulators of genes involved in the plant- associated strain 2P24 ecologic fitness and operate a sophisticated mechanism for fine-tuning the concentration of 2,4-DAPG in the cells. Keywords: Pseudomonas fluorescens, RsmA/RsmE, 2,4-DAPG, Biofilm, Motility Background motility [5], the formation of biofilm [6], and the production Bacteria use a complex interconnecting mechanism to of secondary metabolites and virulence factors [7, 8]. -
Response of Heterotrophic Stream Biofilm Communities to a Gradient of Resources
The following supplement accompanies the article Response of heterotrophic stream biofilm communities to a gradient of resources D. J. Van Horn1,*, R. L. Sinsabaugh1, C. D. Takacs-Vesbach1, K. R. Mitchell1,2, C. N. Dahm1 1Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA 2Present address: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of British Columbia Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3, Canada *Email: [email protected] Aquatic Microbial Ecology 64:149–161 (2011) Table S1. Representative sequences for each OTU, associated GenBank accession numbers, and taxonomic classifications with bootstrap values (in parentheses), generated in mothur using 14956 reference sequences from the SILVA data base Treatment Accession Sequence name SILVA taxonomy classification number Control JF695047 BF8FCONT18Fa04.b1 Bacteria(100);Proteobacteria(100);Gammaproteobacteria(100);Pseudomonadales(100);Pseudomonadaceae(100);Cellvibrio(100);unclassified; Control JF695049 BF8FCONT18Fa12.b1 Bacteria(100);Proteobacteria(100);Alphaproteobacteria(100);Rhizobiales(100);Methylocystaceae(100);uncultured(100);unclassified; Control JF695054 BF8FCONT18Fc01.b1 Bacteria(100);Planctomycetes(100);Planctomycetacia(100);Planctomycetales(100);Planctomycetaceae(100);Isosphaera(50);unclassified; Control JF695056 BF8FCONT18Fc04.b1 Bacteria(100);Proteobacteria(100);Gammaproteobacteria(100);Xanthomonadales(100);Xanthomonadaceae(100);uncultured(64);unclassified; Control JF695057 BF8FCONT18Fc06.b1 Bacteria(100);Proteobacteria(100);Betaproteobacteria(100);Burkholderiales(100);Comamonadaceae(100);Ideonella(54);unclassified; -
Evolutionary Patchwork of an Insecticidal Toxin
Ruffner et al. BMC Genomics (2015) 16:609 DOI 10.1186/s12864-015-1763-2 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Evolutionary patchwork of an insecticidal toxin shared between plant-associated pseudomonads and the insect pathogens Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus Beat Ruffner1, Maria Péchy-Tarr2, Monica Höfte3, Guido Bloemberg4, Jürg Grunder5, Christoph Keel2* and Monika Maurhofer1* Abstract Background: Root-colonizing fluorescent pseudomonads are known for their excellent abilities to protect plants against soil-borne fungal pathogens. Some of these bacteria produce an insecticidal toxin (Fit) suggesting that they may exploit insect hosts as a secondary niche. However, the ecological relevance of insect toxicity and the mechanisms driving the evolution of toxin production remain puzzling. Results: Screening a large collection of plant-associated pseudomonads for insecticidal activity and presence of the Fit toxin revealed that Fit is highly indicative of insecticidal activity and predicts that Pseudomonas protegens and P. chlororaphis are exclusive Fit producers. A comparative evolutionary analysis of Fit toxin-producing Pseudomonas including the insect-pathogenic bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhadus, which produce the Fit related Mcf toxin, showed that fit genes are part of a dynamic genomic region with substantial presence/absence polymorphism and local variation in GC base composition. The patchy distribution and phylogenetic incongruence of fit genes indicate that the Fit cluster evolved via horizontal transfer, followed by functional integration of vertically transmitted genes, generating a unique Pseudomonas-specific insect toxin cluster. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that multiple independent evolutionary events led to formation of at least three versions of the Mcf/Fit toxin highlighting the dynamic nature of insect toxin evolution. -
BEI Resources Product Information Sheet Catalog No. NR-51597 Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Strain MRSN 23861
Product Information Sheet for NR-51597 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Strain MRSN P. aeruginosa is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium with unipolar motility that thrives in many diverse 23861 environments including soil, water and certain eukaryotic hosts. It is a key emerging opportunistic pathogen in animals, Catalog No. NR-51597 including humans and plants. While it rarely infects healthy This reagent is the tangible property of the U.S. Government. individuals, P. aeruginosa causes severe acute and chronic nosocomial infections in immunocompromised or catheterized patients, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis, burns, For research use only. Not for human use. cancer or HIV.3-5 Infections of this type are often highly antibiotic resistant, difficult to eradicate and often lead to Contributor: death. The ability of P. aeruginosa to survive on minimal Multidrug-Resistant Organism Repository and Surveillance nutritional requirements, tolerate a variety of physical Network (MRSN), Bacterial Disease Branch, Walter Reed conditions and rapidly develop resistance during the course of Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA therapy has allowed it to persist in both community and 5,6 hospital settings. Manufacturer: BEI Resources Material Provided: Each vial contains approximately 0.5 mL of bacterial culture in Product Description: Tryptic Soy broth supplemented with 10% glycerol. Bacteria Classification: Pseudomonadaceae, Pseudomonas Species: Pseudomonas aeruginosa Note: If homogeneity is required for your intended use, please Strain: MRSN 23861 purify prior to initiating work. Original Source: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), strain MRSN 23861 was isolated in 2014 from a human Packaging/Storage: respiratory sample as part of a surveillance program in the NR-51597 was packaged aseptically in cryovials. -
Pseudomonas Syringae Subsp. Savastanoi (Ex Smith) Subsp
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY, Apr. 1982, p. 146-169 Vol. 32. No. 2 0020-771 3/82/020166-O4$02.OO/O Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi (ex Smith) subsp. nov., nom. rev., the Bacterium Causing Excrescences on Oleaceae and Neriurn oleander L. J. D. JANSE Department of Bacteriology, Plant Protection Service, 6700 HC, Wageningen, The Netherlands From a study of the so-called bacterial canker of ash, caused by a variant of “Pseudomonas savastanoi” (Smith) Stevens, it became evident that this variant and the variants of “P. savastanoi” which cause olive knot and oleander knot can be distinguished from one another on the basis of their pathogenicity and host range. All isolates of “P. savastanoi” were recently classified by Dye et al. (Plant Pathol. 59:153-168,1980) as members of a single pathovar of P. syringae van Hall. It appears, however, that these isolates differ sufficiently from the other members of P. syringae to justify subspecies rank for them. The following classification and nomenclature are therefore proposed: Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi (ex Smith) subsp. nov., nom. rev., to include the olive pathogen (pathovar oleae), the ash pathogen (pathovar fraxini), and the oleander pathogen (pathovar nerii). The type strain of P. syringae subsp. savastanoi is ATCC 13522 (= NCPPB 639). “Pseudomonas savastanoi” (Smith 1908) Ste- mended in the International Code of Nomencla- vens 1913 was previously used as the name of ture of Bacteria (8). the bacterium which causes pernicious excres- According to the available data, the present cences on several species of the Oleaceae. classificationand nomenclature of the organisms (Names in quotation marks are not on the Ap- under discussion are inadequate. -
Characterization of Environmental and Cultivable Antibiotic- Resistant Microbial Communities Associated with Wastewater Treatment
antibiotics Article Characterization of Environmental and Cultivable Antibiotic- Resistant Microbial Communities Associated with Wastewater Treatment Alicia Sorgen 1, James Johnson 2, Kevin Lambirth 2, Sandra M. Clinton 3 , Molly Redmond 1 , Anthony Fodor 2 and Cynthia Gibas 2,* 1 Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; [email protected] (A.S.); [email protected] (M.R.) 2 Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; [email protected] (J.J.); [email protected] (K.L.); [email protected] (A.F.) 3 Department of Geography & Earth Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-704-687-8378 Abstract: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing global concern, threatening human and environmental health, particularly among urban populations. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are thought to be “hotspots” for antibiotic resistance dissemination. The conditions of WWTPs, in conjunction with the persistence of commonly used antibiotics, may favor the selection and transfer of resistance genes among bacterial populations. WWTPs provide an important ecological niche to examine the spread of antibiotic resistance. We used heterotrophic plate count methods to identify Citation: Sorgen, A.; Johnson, J.; phenotypically resistant cultivable portions of these bacterial communities and characterized the Lambirth, K.; Clinton, -
The Associated Growth of Pseudomonas Fluorescens
THE ASSOCIATED GROWTH OF PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS, ESCHERICHIA COLI AND / OR LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM IN ASEPTICALLY-PREPARED FRESH GROUND BEEF AT 7 °C OR AT 4 AND 25 °C OF STORAGE DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Yi-Mei Sun, M.S. ***** The Ohio State University 2003 Dissertation Committee: Prof. Herbert W. Ockerman, Advisor Approved by Prof. John C. Gordon Prof. Curtis L. Knipe ___________________________ Advisor Prof. Ahmed E. Yousef Department of Animal Sciences UMI Number: 3119496 ________________________________________________________ UMI Microform 3119496 Copyright 2004 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ____________________________________________________________ ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road PO Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ABSTRACT This research was conducted to understand the interactions between normal background microorganisms (Pseudomonas and Lactobacillus) and Escherichia coli on solid food such as fresh ground beef. By using aseptically-obtained fresh ground beef as a model, different levels of background bacteria along with different levels of E. coli were inoculated and applied in three experiments at different storage temperatures. In Experiment I, three levels (zero, 3 logs and 6 logs) of Pseudomonas were combined with three levels (zero, 2 logs and 4 logs) of E. coli and stored at 7 ºC for 7 days. One log increase of VRBA (E. coli) counts was observed for treatments with 2 log E. coli inoculation but no changes were found for treatments with 4 log E. -
Pseudomonas Fluorescens
Biological Forum – An International Journal 13(1): 484-494(2021) ISSN No. (Print): 0975-1130 ISSN No. (Online): 2249-3239 Pseudomonas fluorescens: Biological Control Aid for Managing Various Plant Diseases: A Review Sugam Bhetwal, Robin Rijal, Sachitanand Das, Ajay Sharma, Allam Pooja and Anudeep B. Malannavar* Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India. (Corresponding author: Anudeep B. Malannavar*) (Received 17 February 2021, Accepted 07 May, 2021) (Published by Research Trend, Website: www.researchtrend.net) ABSTRACT: Promiscuous usage of chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture sector has affected the environment and the ecosystem severely. Replacement of those hazardous biochemicals is very crucial and the best alternative solution for it is biological control or ‘biocontrol’. Biocontrol is nature’s solution for it is the usage of microorganisms to restrict the pathogen’s growth and reduction in the impact of disease. Plant diseases are a major cause of yield loss all over the globe. Usage of biocontrol agent Pseudomonas fluorescens has been substantial in the suppression of these phytopathogens along with the enhancement of plant growth. Fluorescent pseudomonads are the best choice since they are abundant in the soil rhizosphere and possess the ability to utilize various plant exudates as nutrient. They suppress the disease through various mechanisms such as production of volatile antibiotics and other auxiliary metabolites, siderophores, HCN while also competing with the phytopathogens for niche and nutrients and through Induction of Systemic Resistance (ISR) in plants against diseases. Such versatility makes Pseudomonas fluorescens a well-endowed biocontrol agent of choice. The performance of Pseudomonas fluorescens in biocontrol of phytopathogens has not been consistent, so it is essential to keep exploring its efficacy through more research works in the future. -
Applications of Biotechnology
Applications of Biotechnology Superbug, edible vaccine,hgh,humulin By-Dhriti Ghose Assistant Professor UG and PG Dept Of Botany Raja Narendra Lal Khan Women’s College(Autonomous) Role of transgenics in Bioremediation(Superbug) Bioremediation-(Definition and introduction)The use of either naturally occuring or deliberately introduced microorganisms to consume and break down environmental pollutants, in order to clean a polluted site. Nature has its own way of cleaning the environment by removing xenobiotics(xenobiotics are chemicals found in the environment which are not produced by the organisms.These are mostly produced by human activities and excite public awareness due to their ability to interact with the living environment.)to maintain a perfect balance. but in this era of industrialization the rate of xenobiotics discharges has crossed the tolerance limit of the nature. Therefore, there is a need to find out the method of remediating xenobiotics from the environment. Microbial remediation of xenobiotics has proved the effectiveness and low cost technology but there are several limitations in using microbes. Thus, genetic engineering approaches are used by genetic engineers to construct new strains of microbes (Genetically engineered microorganisms, GEMs or transgenic microorganisms) that have the unique characteristics compared to the wild type and broad spectrum of catabolic potential for bioremediation of xenobiotics. Oil spill occurs due release of petroleum hydrocarbons of any form into the environment due to human activity. The spill can originate from oil tankers,off shore platforms,oil rigs etc. The effect of this on marine ecosystem is terrifying. Prof. Ananda mohan chakraborty et al. (1970) developed and patented a “superbug” that was made to degrade oil and hence can clean up this oil spillover from the sea. -
In-Vitro Evaluation of Pseudomonas Fluorescens Antibacterial Activity Against Listeria Spp. Isolated from New Zealand Horticultu
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.03.183277; this version posted July 3, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 In-vitro evaluation of Pseudomonas fluorescens 2 antibacterial activity against Listeria spp. isolated from 3 New Zealand horticultural environments 4 Vathsala Mohan1, Graham Fletcher1* and Françoise Leroi2 5 1: The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, NZ. 6 2: IFREMER, Laboratoire de Génie Alimentaire, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes cedex 3, France 7 *: Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] 8 9 10 Abstract 11 Beneficial bacteria with antibacterial properties are an attractive alternative to chemical- 12 based antibacterial or bactericidal agents. The aim of our study was to source such bacteria 13 from horticultural produce and environments and to explore the mechanisms of their 14 antimicrobial properties. Four strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens were isolated that 15 possessed antibacterial activity against the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. These strains 16 (PFR46H06, PFR46H07, PFR46H08 and PFR46H09) were tested against L. monocytogenes 17 (n=31), L. seeligeri (n=1) and L. innocua (n=1) isolated from seafood and horticultural 18 sources, and two L. monocytogenes from clinical cases (Scott A and ATCC 49594, n=2). All 19 Listeria strains were inhibited by the three strains PFR46H07, PFR46H08 and PFR46H09 with 20 average zones of inhibition of 14.8, 15.1 and 18.2 mm, respectively, with PFR46H09 having 21 significantly more inhibition than the other two (p<0.05). -
Host Specificity and Virulence of the Phytopathogenic Bacteria Pseudomonas Savastanoi Eloy Caballo Ponce Caballo Eloy
Host specificity and virulence of the phytopathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas savastanoi Eloy Caballo Ponce Caballo Eloy TESIS DOCTORAL Eloy Caballo Ponce Director: Cayo Ramos Rodríguez Programa de Doctorado: Biotecnología Avanzada TESIS DOCTORAL TESIS Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” Universidad de Málaga – CSIC 2017 Año 2017 Memoria presentada por: Eloy Caballo Ponce para optar al grado de Doctor por la Universidad de Málaga Host specificity and virulence of the phytopathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas savastanoi Director: Cayo J. Ramos Rodríguez Catedrático. Área de Genética. Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología. Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea (IHSM) Universidad de Málaga – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Málaga, 2016 AUTOR: Eloy Caballo Ponce http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0501-3321 EDITA: Publicaciones y Divulgación Científica. Universidad de Málaga Esta obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial- SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode Cualquier parte de esta obra se puede reproducir sin autorización pero con el reconocimiento y atribución de los autores. No se puede hacer uso comercial de la obra y no se puede alterar, transformar o hacer obras derivadas. Esta Tesis Doctoral está depositada en el Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Málaga (RIUMA): riuma.uma.es COMITÉ EVALUADOR Presidente Dr. Jesús Murillo Martínez Departamento de Producción Agraria Universidad Pública de Navarra Secretario Dr. Francisco Manuel Cazorla López Departamento de Microbiología Universidad de Málaga Vocal Dra. Chiaraluce Moretti Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Alimentarias y Medioambientales Universidad de Perugia Suplentes Dr. Pablo Rodríguez Palenzuela Departamento de Biotecnología – Biología Vegetal Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Dr. -
Targeting the Burkholderia Cepacia Complex
viruses Review Advances in Phage Therapy: Targeting the Burkholderia cepacia Complex Philip Lauman and Jonathan J. Dennis * Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-780-492-2529 Abstract: The increasing prevalence and worldwide distribution of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens is an imminent danger to public health and threatens virtually all aspects of modern medicine. Particularly concerning, yet insufficiently addressed, are the members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), a group of at least twenty opportunistic, hospital-transmitted, and notoriously drug-resistant species, which infect and cause morbidity in patients who are immunocompromised and those afflicted with chronic illnesses, including cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). One potential solution to the antimicrobial resistance crisis is phage therapy—the use of phages for the treatment of bacterial infections. Although phage therapy has a long and somewhat checkered history, an impressive volume of modern research has been amassed in the past decades to show that when applied through specific, scientifically supported treatment strategies, phage therapy is highly efficacious and is a promising avenue against drug-resistant and difficult-to-treat pathogens, such as the Bcc. In this review, we discuss the clinical significance of the Bcc, the advantages of phage therapy, and the theoretical and clinical advancements made in phage therapy in general over the past decades, and apply these concepts specifically to the nascent, but growing and rapidly developing, field of Bcc phage therapy. Keywords: Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc); bacteria; pathogenesis; antibiotic resistance; bacterio- phages; phages; phage therapy; phage therapy treatment strategies; Bcc phage therapy Citation: Lauman, P.; Dennis, J.J.