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Download E-Book 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 1 234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567 Everyman’s Science Vol. XLIX No. 5 Dec. ’14 — Jan. ’15 8 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678EVERYMAN’S SCIENCE Vol. XLIX No. 5 (Dec ’14 – Jan ’15) EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD EDITORIAL BOARD Dr. S. K. Mahapatra (New Delhi) Editor-in-Chief Prof. M. K. Jyoti (Jammu) Dr. Ashok Kumar Saxena Prof. Dr. Anup Kumar Kapoor (Delhi) Area Editors Prof. Anand Prakash Mishra (Sagar) Prof. Kanhaiya Lal Shrivastava Dr. (Mrs.) Vijay Laxmi Saxena (Jodhpur) (Biological Sciences) Prof. Atul Sitaram Padalkar (Pune) Dr. Pramod Kumar Verma Dr. Kashinath Bhattacharya (Earth Sciences, Engineering & Material Sciences) (Santiniketan) Dr. Manoj Kumar Chakrabarti Prof. Aparajita Ojha (Jabalpur) (Medical Sciences including Physiology) Dr. Arvind Kumar Saxena (Kanpur) Dr. Arvind Kumar Saxena Prof. Ajay Kumar (Delhi) (Physical Sciences) Dr. (Mrs.) Shashi Bala Singh (Delhi) Dr. (Mrs.) Vipin Sobti Dr. Sib Sankar Roy (Kolkata) (Social Sciences) Dr. V. P. Mahadevan Pillai (Thiruvananthapuram) General Secretary (Membership Affairs) Dr. Nilangshu Bhushan Basu Prof. (Dr.) Arun Kumar Pandey (Delhi) General Secretary (Scientific Activities) Prof. Arun Kumar COVER PHOTOGRAPHS Editorial Secretary Past General Presidents of ISCA Dr. Amit Krishna De 1. Dr. T. N. Khoshoo (1986) 2. Prof. (Mrs.) Archana Sharma Printed and published by Dr. Ashok Kumar Saxena (1987) on behalf of Indian Science Congress Association 3. Prof. C. N. R. Rao (1988) and printed at Seva Mudran, 43, Kailash Bose 4. Dr. A. P. Mitra (1989) Street, Kolkata-700 006 and published at Indian Science Congress Association, 14, Dr. Biresh Guha 5. Prof. Yash Pal (1990) Street, Kolkata-700 017, with Dr. Ashok Kumar 6. Prof. D. K. Sinha (1991) Saxena as Editor. For permission to reprint or Annual Subscription : (6 issues) reproduce any portion of the journal, please write to the Institutional 200/- ; Individual 50/- Editor-in-Chief. Price : 10/- per issue 281 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 1 234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567 Everyman’s Science Vol. XLIX No. 5 Dec. ’14 — Jan. ’15 8 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 CONTENTSCONTENTS EDITORIAL : Nanotechnology in Cancer Treatment Vijay Laxmi Saxena 284 ARTICLES : Recognition of Women in Science in India : A Review Neepa Banerjee, Sandipan Chatterjee, Shankarashis Mukherjee 286 Lignocellulose Plant Biomass ; An Emerging Alternative Fuel Resource N. Arumugam and P. U. Mahalingam 291 Humans and Magnificent Gentle Goliaths of the Forest in Conflict Mousumi Pal 296 A Sneak Peek into Ground Penetrating Radar Suresh Sahni, Mohit Singhal, Purushottam Kumar Garg, Reet Kamal Tiwari 301 Prominent Tools in Synthetic Pathways of Green Technology : Microwave & Ultrasonic Irradiation A.P. Mishra, Brajendra S. Kusmariya and Rajendra K. Jain 307 The Solution of Power Crisis Through Renewable Sources of Energy Md. Rashid Tanveer, Deepak Mishra and Aradhana Kashyap 311 Flax : The Vegetarin Omega-3 Source Mamta Kumari and Shashi Jain 320 Role of Veterinarian in Laboratory Animal Research and Medicine Manjurul Haque 324 Controversies and Ethics of Animal Usage : Emerging Issues and New Challenges P. V. S. Kishore 327 102nd Indian Science Congress Awardees for 2014-2015 331 KNOW THY INSTITUTIONS 337 CONFERENCES / MEETINGS / SYMPOSIA / SEMINARS 340 S & T ACROSS THE WORLD 342 282 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 1 234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567 Everyman’s Science Vol. XLIX No. 5 Dec. ’14 — Jan. ’15 8 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 ISCA PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS (1986 TO 1991) President Title of Presidential Address* Dr. T. N. Khoshoo Role of Science and Technology in Environmental 73rd Indian Science Congress Management 1986, Delhi Prof. (Mrs.) Archana Sharma Resources and Human Well Being–Inputs from Science and 74th Indian Science Congress Technology 1987, Bangalore Prof. C. N. R. Rao Frontiers in Science and Technology 75th Indian Science Congress 1988, Pune Dr. A. P. Mitra Science and Technology in India : Technology Mission 76th Indian Science Congress 1989, Madurai Prof. Yash Pal Science in Society 77th Indian Science Congress 1990, Cochin Prof. D. K. Sinha Coping with Natural Disasters : An Integrated Approach 78th Indian Science Congress 1991, Indore *Available in the Book “The Shaping of Indian Science” Published by University Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., 3-5-819 Hyderguda, Hyderabad 500 029. As per decision of Council meeting held on May 3, 2014, Presidential Addresses will not be printed henceforth in Everyman’s Science as they are already printed in the above mentioned book. 283 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 1 234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567 Everyman’s Science Vol. XLIX No. 5 Dec. ’14 — Jan. ’15 8 12345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678 EDITORIAL NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CANCER TREATMENT Technology is one of the key words in First of all, nanotechnology can be used for people’s lives. In the near future, a subdivision better cancer diagnosis. One of the main usage of technology which is nanotechnology will fields of optical nanoparticles is to allow better have an important role. Bio-products, tools, cancer detection. To start with, classical devices, materials are influenced from methods that are used in diagnosis have consequences of research and developments limitations. Classified methods such as X-rays, on nanotechnology. tomography or mammography require using mutagenic agents on cells that cause cancer, Nanotechnology refers to the interactions too. Using harmful substances and X-rays in of cellular and molecular components and cancer diagnosis are also related to the causes engineered materials—typically clusters of of cancer. To eliminate these concerns, optical atoms, molecules and molecular fragments— nanoparticles in diagnosis is a possible at the most elemental level of biology. Such technique that can be used. This technique nanoscale objects—typically, though not works with special dyes to interact with tumor exclusively, with dimensions smaller than 100 cells and optical nanoparticles can be detected. nanometers—can be useful by themselves or Preparing a nanoparticulate drug system, as part of larger devices containing multiple which has ability to be photo excited to produce nanoscale objects. Nanotechnology is being singlet oxygen for detection and therapy is applied to almost every field imaginable better than classical systems. Such interaction including biosciences, electronics, magnetics, shows that, the detection of cancer with optical optics, information technology, and materials nanoparticles is new and developing subject, development, all of which have an impact on but it has considerable benefits for diagnosis. biomedicine. Secondly, nanotechnology can be used for With nanotechnology; more useful devices, more efficient drug delivery system to tumors. better drugs for diseases, more appropriate One of the significant missions of passive materials for construction will be developed. liposomal drug delivery is to cancer cells. Liposome molecules are easily diffused into Nanotechnology will also affect medicine the cells; since their structures and cell and other life sciences. The numbers of membrane structure can interact very well research in cancer treatment with nano while drug uptake process. The EPR (Enhanced technologically modified drugs are increasing Permeation and Retention) effect is the concept day to day and have had some good results on that liposomes remain in the bloodstream for this issue. Nanotechnological improvements a long time and are collected passively from can be used for cancer patients; because tumor cells. Via the EPR effect, concomitant nanotechnology can be used for better cancer in toxicity problems of therapy are relatively diagnosis, more efficient drug delivery to tumor solved
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