A Case for a Tanker Capability for the U. S. Marine Corpsâ•Ž Heavy Lift
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University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 5-2005 A Case for a Tanker Capability for the U. S. Marine Corps’ Heavy Lift Replacement Helicopter Anthony Cain Archer University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Aerospace Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Archer, Anthony Cain, "A Case for a Tanker Capability for the U. S. Marine Corps’ Heavy Lift Replacement Helicopter. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2005. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1587 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Anthony Cain Archer entitled "A Case for a Tanker Capability for the U. S. Marine Corps’ Heavy Lift Replacement Helicopter." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Aviation Systems. Robert B. Richards, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Richard J. Ranaudo, U. Peter Solies Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Anthony Cain Archer entitled “A Case for a Tanker Capability for the U. S. Marine Corps’ Heavy Lift Replacement Helicopter.” I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Aviation Systems. Robert B. Richards Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Richard J. Ranaudo U. Peter Solies Acceptance for the Council: Anne Mayhew Vice Chancellor and Dean of Graduate Studies (Original signatures are on file with official student records.) A CASE FOR A TANKER CAPABILITY FOR THE U. S. MARINE CORPS’ HEAVY LIFT REPLACEMENT HELICOPTER A Thesis Presented for the Master of Science Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Anthony Cain Archer May 2005 Copyright 2005 by Anthony Cain Archer All rights reserved ii DEDICATION I wish to thank my major professor, Bob Richards, for his advice and guidance. Also, I would not have been able to begin, craft, and complete this effort without the support and love of my wife Jennifer. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to take this opportunity to thank all those who have helped me complete my Master of Science in Aviation Systems, and specifically, completing this thesis project. First I must thank Bob Richards for his guidance and convincing me to write on this subject matter. Also I want to thank everyone at the program office (PMA- 261) who helped with the details of the technical and problematic aspects of this work. Additionally, my gratitude goes to all my friends and co-workers at Air Test and Evaluation Squadron TWO ONE (HX-21) who listened and commented on my ideas, good and not so good. Finally, I wish to thank my family and close friends who encouraged me along the way to make this work a reality. iv ABSTRACT The idea behind this research project was to stimulate interest, dialogue, exploratory investigation, and the application of resources into the concept of an organic, rotary wing based, tanker asset for the U.S Navy’s Expeditionary Strike Group, and its future operations and role in support of Sea Power 21. Material presented was gleaned from numerous aircraft flight manuals, program office documents, contractor literature, and the author’s experiences as a Fleet Marine Force CH-53E pilot. Mission systems are presented using readily available equipment in untested configurations using proven tactics and historical experiences. The results and conclusions make plain the need for an organic tanker asset to become part of the future of littoral warfare and the Navy’s vision for future warfighting strategy. v PREFACE All material within this document is Unclassified. Specifications, capabilities, and characteristics of specific aircraft or equipment were obtained from aircraft flight manuals or other public sources. The discussion of proposed usage or capabilities of current or existing aircraft and equipment, as well as analysis, conclusions, and recommendations are presented as the opinions of this author and are not an official position of the United States Department of Defense, the Naval Air Systems Command, or the U. S. Marine Corps. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION I........................................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background..................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Sea Power 21........................................................................................... 2 1.1.2 The Expeditionary Strike Group Needs an Organic Tanker Asset......... 5 1.1.3 An Organic Tanker Solution for the Expeditionary Strike Group.......... 5 1.2 USMC Heavy Lift Replacement Program....................................................... 6 1.2.1 The HLR Helicopter ............................................................................... 7 1.2.2 The Acquisition Strategy ........................................................................ 8 1.2.3 Program Status...................................................................................... 10 SECTION II .................................................................................................................... 11 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS & DEVELOPMENT............................................................. 11 2.1 HLR Development......................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 HLR Capabilities .................................................................................. 11 2.1.2 Physical Specifications ......................................................................... 12 2.1.3 Performance Specifications .................................................................. 14 2.2 HLR Tanker Specifications and Requirements ............................................. 15 2.2.1 Discussion............................................................................................. 15 2.2.2 Requirements ........................................................................................ 15 2.3 HLR Tanker Technical Proposals................................................................. 22 2.3.1 Aerial Refueling: A Brief History......................................................... 22 2.3.2 Aerial Refueling Store .......................................................................... 24 2.3.3 Aerial Refueling Drogue....................................................................... 24 2.3.4 Internal Fuel Cell .................................................................................. 26 SECTION III................................................................................................................... 28 TACTICAL CAPABILITIES OF THE HLR TANKER ............................................................. 28 3.1 Measuring the Impact of the HLR Tanker .................................................... 28 3.1.1 Forcible Entry from the Sea.................................................................. 29 SECTION IV ................................................................................................................... 34 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................................ 34 4.1 The Way Forward ......................................................................................... 34 SECTION V..................................................................................................................... 36 RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................................................................... 36 5.1 Actionable Tasks ........................................................................................... 36 5.1.1 Marine Corps Combat Development Command................................... 36 5.1.2 Program Manager Air 261 .................................................................... 36 REFERENCES................................................................................................................ 37 vii APPENDICES................................................................................................................. 39 VITA................................................................................................................................. 43 viii LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1: SUMMARY OF TANKER CAPABILITIES ............................................................... 17 TABLE 2: ESG AIRCRAFT REFUELING REQUIREMENTS .................................................... 18 TABLE 3: REFUELED COMBAT RADIUS INCREASES BY AIRCRAFT....................................