ЬзШ by thr Ukrainian National Association inc.. a fraternal non-profit assocntionj Шrainian Weekl v vol. LVIII No. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 50 cents violations reported 's March 4 elections: a guide for observers in pre-elections by Kathleen Mihalisko the Congress in favor of a directly of the seats in the USSR Congress of Special to The Ukrainian Weekly elected parliament. People's Deputies were assigned to , therefore, will be elect– these organizations.) Yet this point - process in Ukraine MUN1CH - March 4 will be an ing in March a 450-member Supreme and numerous other undemocratic LONDON - violations of the elec– election marathon day in the Soviet Soviet. The republic has been divided features of the draft laws - provoked tions law by local electoral commissions Union as voters in three republics - accordingly into the same number of an immense public outcry in Ukraine, are being reported in Ukraine during Ukraine, Byelorussia and the Russian electoral districts (vyborchi okruhy), leaving the current Supreme Soviet with the second stage of the electoral process federation - cast their ballots for each consisting of an average of roughly little choice but to abandon the quotas. leading up to the March 4 balloting for deputies to the republican parliaments 70,000 voters. The city of Kiev, for in other respects, too, the electoral representatives to the Ukrainian SSR and local councils. The process of instance, will be represented in the new legislation that was finally approved at Supreme Soviet, as well as elections to nominating candidates was completed republican parliament by 22 deputies; the October session of the Supreme local Soviets (councils), reported the in early January; contenders have now hence, 22 parliamentary election races Soviet represented a significant victory Ukrainian Press Agency based here. been registered by electoral commis– are under way in the capital. for democratic forces in Ukraine. February 3 was the final day for the sions. in addition, thousands of seats in the Gone, for example, was a broadly registration of candidates and by this in many parts of Ukraine, the cam– rural, city, raion and oblast councils, or worded provision that would have em- time it had become evident that the paign is shaping up as a contest be– rady,are up for grabs, but most of the powered the election commissions to electoral commissions were violating tween candidates supported the Popu– interest and attention appears to be disqualify candidates whose campaign the law on the elections. The most lar Movement of Ukraine for Perebu– focused on the Supreme Soviet con- platforms contradicted the USSR or common violation is the refusal by dova, or Rukh, and those who have the tests. Ukrainian constitutions. This was commissions to register candidates, the backing of the Communist Party ap– All seats in the Supreme Soviet and replaced by a prohibition against candi– Ji^iU iatf^i.-Y.iM^:"'bo Ьауе K^en paratus. MKh^i^n'oe ckpd!tAXrom the local councils will be contested. Esta– dates who call for the use of force to March 4 balloting, which marks the first blisUed public organizations such as the ovefui71w the Soviet state. The size of refused registration have been from the unofficial groups, as well as from opportunity in the lifetimes of Soviet Communist Party, the Komsomol, the "collectives" eh^ng "8^ to officially registered organizations such Ukrainians to choose their representa– trade unions, and so forth, have not nominate candidates was reduced truTu as the Taras Shevchenko. Ukrainian tives in contested elections? been allocated a fixed number of man- 300 to 200 people. At the closiiig of the Language Society and Zelenyi Svit First, a look at some of the basics. dates in these bodies, despite the origi– Supreme Soviet's session in October, (Green World). The Ukrainian government originally nal intentions of Kiev legislators. eminent spokesmen for 'Rukh de– in Poltava, 15,000 people gathered proposed to create a Congress of The government's draft electoral clared that the revised election laws on January 27 at the Kolos stadium to People's Deputies, which in keeping laws, published in August in the Ukrai– adopted at that session were a great step protest the way the local electoral with all-union procedures, would have nian press, provided for the automatic forward for the cause of democracy. commission was cheating with the chosen, in turn, the standing parlia– assignment of 25 percent of the seats in Now that election time is here, how– results of the nominations. The crowds ment. Popular opposition to the idea parliament and in the councils to the ever, Ukrainian voters are discovering demanded the resignation of the oblast forced the authorities to dispense with public organizations (just as one-third (Continued on page 4) and local party leadership. (Continued on page 15) Zeleniukh, Gel beaten by crowd Human chain in Kiev ROME - Ukrainian Catholic Church officials in Rome have learned that on Wednesday, January 31, the Rev. Zeleniukh, a priest of the Ukrainian Catholic Church in Ukraine, lvan Gel, head of the Committee of the Defense of the Ukrainian Catholic Church in Ukraine, and Aleksander Kuras, a member of the Ukrainian Catholic Church, were beaten by a group of an estimated 70 to 100 persons. The incident took place in the village of Staryava, Mostyska raion (district). As recounted in a telephone conver– sation with Mr. Gel, the incident took place in the following way. Mr. Gel was traveling to the village to attend a meeting of Ukrainian Catholics and Russian Orthodox at the formerly Ukrainian Catholic church in the village. The church is now functioning as a Russian Orthodox church. The meeting was being held to improve relations between the two groups which were strained as a result of recent developments in Ukraine. The Rev. Zeleniukh was riding along with Mr. Gel with the purpose of administering last rites to two gravely ill On January 21, iOO,QOQ persons took part in a rally in Kiev's St. Sophia Square that followed formation of Ukrainian Catholics in the village. He a human chain that stretched from Kiev to . For more photos see page 2. (Continued on page 3) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 No. 6

GLASNOST D1ARY: Scenes of human chain, rally in Kiev recording changes Sin the USSR Banned in the USSR? The December 1989 issue of TWG News, the newsletter of The Washing- ton Group, reported the following news on the glasnost front in conjunction with the organization's recent trip to Ukraine. We reprint it here for the information of our readers.

TWG President Yaro Bihun got a taste of glasnost as soon as he stepped off the plane in Moscow and tried to get a box of literature through Soviet Cus– toms. The box contained both books intended as gifts for organizations and individuals and those intended to help Ukrainians fill in some of the "blank spots" in their history and literature. The Customs officials must not have heard of glasnost and democratization. After about an hour's worth of perusal and pretending that they could read Ukrainian and English, they let most of the items in the box go through, holding back "for further study," however, such items as issues of the latest Ukrainian Weekly, Suchasnist Magazine, Robert Conquest's "Harvest of Sorrow" in Russian, a video of "Harvest of Des– pair," and a few other books. The confiscated materials were re- turned on demand as the group was leaving the . Then the customs officials cheerfully bid the group farewell, wished them a safe flight in the friendly skies of Aeroflo^ SULL hoped thaUhexaU-^иШ "have a nice tiSfF

Return of ski club The Carpathian Ski Club (KLK), known here in the United States as an all-round sports organization, has been returned to its roots in Ukraine. KLK officials in the New York recently received a letter from Lviv which noted that the Karpatskyi Lesh– chetarskyi Kliub has been renewed in that western Ukrainian city. The club's renewal in Lviv was an– nounced by a group of young enthu– siasts in September 1989. Afterwards, the statutes of the original KLK were found in an old trunk owned by an elderly lady. The old gave birth to the new, as the original statutes have now been used as a foundation for a renewed KLK in Ukraine. At least 500,000 persons gathered The ski club was originally founded along the route of the human chain, in Lviv in December 1924 by a group of organized by the Popular Movement avid skiers, its first ski races were held in of Ukraine for Perebudova, or Rukh, FOUNDED 1933 1929 near Lviv; others followed in to mark the Ukrainian indepen– Ukrainian WeeH , vorokhta and Kosmach. Affi– dence anniversaries of 1918, when liatesof the club sprouted in the Hutsul the Fourth Universal declared U– An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National and Boyko regions of western Ukraine krairre a sovereign and independent Association inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ. as well., , state, and of 1919, when western 07302. and .eastern Ukr^inianJarids,pro–. On the eye 6? World War 11, the v Carpathian Ski CJub in Ukraine had 20 claimed their union into one ykraj,– j " ^ - Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, NJ. 07302. ^ branches and 1,000 members. nian Natfojial Republic:Ffiotos "– - - -' - (fSSN - 0273-9348) ^ - - ^ „„„„„„^„„t ?,.– ' .-. . .^^^^^^ .ftx - '--^- ^ '^ abosrb show a rally in^Krev's,St.v - Sophia Square and the Hufrian dhaftr Yearly -subscription fate: ^20; for UNA members - ^10. д „; ^ ^ Z . L– "" Cable in Cprpdthiqils; as" tt Stretched thrbughHhetfkrai– 4 Alsvpullished by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. ; niah ciapital. Eyewitnessesjepdrted;, ThrWeeWrand Svoboda: ^ UNA: ^ After thfc frequent fibmpllints Sbbyt that tRey"hadhevlertfeforlTseen so ? г : the роот reception of central arid manyiblufc"and yeffow UkrainianK -(201)434-0237,0807, -3036 (264) 451-2200 Ukrainian television programs fry ЙЙР national flags in Kiev: Tfr^pdblfc , Postmaster^emJ .address .. rally approved a resofutlbh calling dents in Trartscarpathia, a cable ielevi– ^changes to; . Editor: Roma Hadzewycz ' ^ і sion network has been set up in the for January 22 to be declared^ - ft v v The Ukrainian-Weekly' Associate Editors: Marta Kolomayets district center of Rakhftz. The problem ' national holiday in Ukraine. (The P.O. Бах 346 Ghrystyna Lapychak was due to the screen effect of the Weekly will pubfisfi photos of the Jersey City, NJ. 07303 mountains. The local enterprises pooled chain - stretching from Kiev, via their resources and solved this problem Zhytomyr, Rivne and Terno'pil, to The Ukrainian Weekly, February 11. 1990, No. 6, vol. Lvilf Ту building a^vfcerfUt'wsteMtetonrcenter Lviv^a^-o?thS-f^Snb-Frankiv^k^^'^ Copyright 1990 by The Ukrainian Weekly r then city as thev become available. No. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 з Congressmen seek opening Capitol Hill reception celebrates of U.S. Consulate in Kiev anniversary of Ukraine's independence WASHINGTON - Rep. David E. raging economic and political reform. by irena Chalupa him very inspired, despite the fact that Bonior (D-Mich.) joined by the chair- We must act now," stressed Rep. Bo– Ukrainian National information Service he didn't understand the language. He men of the Ad Hoc Committee on the nior. said that "freedom is gaining ground all Baltic States and Ukraine, Dennis "Now that other industrialized na– WASHINGTON - The 15th annual over Eastern Europe because we were Hertel (D-Mich.) and Don Ritter (R– tions have opened consulates in Kiev, commemoration of Ukrainian indepen– willing to dream impossible dreams" Pa.) called on Secretary of State James we can no longer afford to delay the dence Day sponsored by the Ukrainian and that is a tribute to the Ukrainian Baker to open a United States consu– opening of our consulate there," said Congress Committee of America on community in the U.S. and to the late in Kiev, Ukraine. Rep. Hertel. "The importance of U– Capitol Hill took place on January 31. people in Ukraine. in a January 17 letter to Secretary kraine in the development of events in The event attracted some 200 people, Rep. Steny Hoyer (D-Md.), chair- Baker, they stated, "The recent progress the Soviet Union demands that we have including senators and congressmen. man of the Democratic Caucus, reite– made toward religious and economic a presence in Ukraine's capital city." The observance was co-sponsored by rated a point in Mr. Ritter's address freedom in Ukraine represents a tre– Rep. Bonior, whose maternal grand- Sens. Alfonse D'Amato (R-N.Y.), Paul when he said that many Americans mendous opportunity for expanded parents came to this country from Lviv, Simon (D-lll.), Steve Symms (R-lnd.) think that things in Eastern Europe and cultural and economic ties." concluded, "A consulate in Kiev will and Reps. Frank Annunzio (D-lll.), the Soviet Union are better, but they are At the present time, Canada and strengthen the democratic bonds with William S. Broomfield (R-Mich.), not yet where they need to be and it is France are in the process of construct" the Ukrainian people." Bernard J. Dwyer (D-N.J.), Dennis M. time for all of us to re-double our efforts. ing consulates in Kiev. "The United The full text of the letter follows. Hertel (D-Mich.), Mary Rose Dakar He stated that Mr. Ritter is going to States should lead the way in encou– (D-Ohio), Don Ritter (R-Pa.) and Ukraine to carry the message that the Dana Rohrabacher (R-Calif.). freedoms that are assured by the Hel– in his introductory remarks, George sinki Final Act are freedoms that all 500,000 soap bars Nesterczuk, UCCA executive vice- people are entitled to enjoy. We are writing you today to ask that president, pointed out that this obser– He underscored the critical impor– headed for Ukraine the State Department open a consulate vance, which has been highly symbolic tance of Ukrainian non-governmental in Kiev, Ukraine. The recent progress in the past, has taken on a different light PHILADELPHIA - The ukrai– made toward religious and economic today in light of developments in For stories about state and local nian Human Rights Committee here freedom in Ukraine represents a tre– Eastern Europe and the USSR. These reported that nearly half a million mendous opportunity for expanded observances of Ukrainian lndepen– observances, which have been held dence Day, seepages 10 and 11 of this bars of soap — some 50 tons — have cultural and economic ties. through various periods of East-West been donated to the committee's issue. it is imperative that the United relations have served as a reminder of soap drive for Ukraine. States, through a strong and active the toll taken by despotism and tyranny UHRC president Ulana Mazurke– and have paid tribute to the indomitable organizations and activists in urging policy, encourage economic and cul– Congress to move on the issues of vich told The Ukrainian Weekly that tural ties and development in Ukraine. will of the Ukrainian people to achieve major contributors to the drive have independence and freedom, he remark– freedom and independence of the Cap– Currently, Canada and France are in tive Nations. Only freedom, he con- donated a total of 435,000 bars of the process of constructing consulates ed. soap, in addition, much soap has With the Soviet empire crumbling, eluded, will lead to stability, justice and in Kiev. Representing the largest econo– a lessening of tensions in the world. been collected locally by communi– mic force in the world, our people could the Bush administration has been faced Rep. Rohrabacher addressed the ties and organizations participating be the leaders in developing partner- with a difficult public policy agenda and gathering by noting that this is a in the drive. ships with the people of Ukraine. has not been able to reassert itself and The major contributors include: take a leadership role, he said, it is the "terrific time we live in because we are Lever Brothers, 288,000 bars of soap; The rush of profound changes over responsibility of the U.S. to stand on witnessing the demise of communism. Colgate-Palmolive, 112,000; Cleve– the past year in Eastern Europe and the principle and speak for those who can't He predicted that in 24 months there land area (coordinated by Nadia Soviet Union is motivation for delibe– freely express their aspirations for will be a Ukraine but there will be no Deychakiwsky), 30,000; and Long rate and appropriate United States freedom and independence. This, he Soviet Upion. The last 40 years, he island (Myron Mycio), 5,000. policy responses to enlightened demo– underscored, should be the guiding noted have proven that Soviet tyranny The soap is to be shipped to cratic movements abroad. A consulate principle behind foreign policy, a could not overcome people's love for Ukraine beginning this month. in Kiev will facilitate the changes that principle that, he hopes, the Bush their country. He avowed that he will do inquiries and donations to the are necessary to establish our common administration will reassert in the near his best to see that freedom triumphs in soap drive may be directed to: democratic goals. future. all the countries in the USSR, because Ukrainian Human Rights Commit– Thank you for your expeditious Next to address the gathering was the goal of America is not to help tee, P.O. Box 1701, Elkins Park, Pa. consideration of this request. We look Rep. Ritter (R-Pa.), ranking minority Mikhail Gorbachev survive, but to 19117. forward to hearing from you. member in the House, whom Mr. support freedom throughout the world. Nesterczuk introduced as a friend of the He expressed hope that as the USSR falls apart, the Ukrainian Ame– "My prayers are with Father Ze– Ukrainian community for many years, who had just received the "Man of the rican community will "play an in- Zeleniukh... leniukh, ivan Gel and Alexander Kuras, creasing role in Ukraine to make sure (Continued from page 1) and 1 ask all our faithful throughout the Year" award from the UCCA branch in Chicago. that the foundation of lasting liberty planned to visit them while Mr. Gel world to pray for their speedy recovery. takes place." attended the meeting. Mr. Kuras was І also ask our faithful to pray and to Mr. Ritter greeted those present in Ukrainian and stated that before he A special surprise at the observance acting as driver for Mr. Gel and the remain peaceful through such provoca– reception was the presence of Dr. Rev. Zeleniukh. tions. They must remember the humble went on with his remarks, he wanted to read a letter from a friend and pro– volodymyr Mokry a Ukrainian mem– Upon arriving in the church area, the manner in which Our Lord suffered for ber of the Polish Sejm. Dr. Mokry trio was met by a crowd that started us all. We too, must suffer humbly for ceeded to read the presidential message to the observance, in his remarks, Mr. expressed joy that senators and con– shouting at them and began surround– our faith. Let us respond with Christian gressmen were present at the function. ing the car. Mr. Kuras attempted to love to those who would use violence Ritter underscored that the Ukrainian community in the U.S. had been right He said that the American Statue of drive away, but the road was blocked by against us. Liberty has warmed the Captive Na– two cars, the car with the Rev. Zele– all along about communism and today "Ukrainian Catholics in Ukraine we are seeing proof of that. tions for a long time. As a member of niukh, Mr. Gel and Mr. Kuras skidded have remained loyal to their Church Solidarity, he explained that for him, into a ditch. The mob dragged the three He stated that the human chain in through terrible suffering. No provoca– Ukraine on January 21 commemo– solidarity means empathy and support from the car and beat them. The Rev. tions will sway us from the peaceful for people who are oppressed, and Zeleniukh was beaten unconscious and rating Ukrainian independence and road we have chosen to legalize our unity was certainly proof of a changing Ukrainians have been particularly was carried to a muddy area where the Church. Each day it becomes more oppressed, their leaders, poets and assailants trampled him and threatened world. However, he cautioned, it is evident that certain elements in the important for us and members of Con– intelligentsia persecuted and destroyed. to drown him in the mud. USSR are attempting to provoke our gress to keep up the pressure now The priest also noted that the tense faithful and lead us further from our Solidarity, he said, is developing because not all has yet been taken care situation between the Orthodox and Orthodox brethren. We will not permit ^ direct contacts with its neighbors, 6t "Now that the ironr (in the iron Catholics in the village was being fueled this. We will continue to peaceful л Byelorussians, Lithuanians and Ukrai– by the Russian Orthodox pastor in the request out churches and all the rights Curtain) is hot, we must keep striking. ntans, aft of whom "are kept warm at. viUkge, er ffcther Pttrushchah, who wkkh are accorded our faithful undea Mr. fettle also announced that be night by the flame of liberty^ He cod^ iipofWrity tee been matong pnrsonat йме Soviet Constitution, wiBba lending a Helsinki Соямаіам by quoting Adam Micbicwica, the ' ^^АІ^ААгйЛЬ ЖйкАїаЯА lkU^^e^Mk (ЮСІ) Ataffttito to obteivo the P^liehnatio^poe^"He who thinks o^ ЩЯШИЩЯЯгФЩ ІЯЩ ^РШРвШМНЦршЩЯяШшШЯРмРі. ^my flock in vkrainelsay:Stemt firmly on the path you have ettaKJuut up awing eJeetro– is lHteaiias which only the intcieitc of one nation js not a ЄПЯШЄЯ09ПЄаПФІЯОаМГІ9анаЩ^Є8Рааг anitttk wphaNtee Mkeris Hb staSMfrthee - Um04thdtom? He thanked the І ШШЛЩШ ,. Я^аІгИ^уаЄЖПаівЄреІЄОІк feet loafer fbmmfe tct eopportiagK thg МЬЙмкЗшшкЬшшвт. bm teidt,-tho pwpfe wte Bvt tjt lite tMtfcnp at віаачаакаааюімна for freedsm nnfr lT.ft, has alwnynthought abonstho Oeiltftw tiefttfHMtt , МКг ЩШгЗфтфт ш9 and topes the? other years не the смаг fbr tit efforts on fwvebt шуймк Ш шлу: Wfe tenet etCoagiwe wilt be joining tbo in hia remark^ Зел FbtrtSarhanca Maffetthn lcgalheuon ofrthe tferav 9ЩЯ990 fa?gmStC S ІМяИПСа JfОІІ MWt delegation (^Mdi) stated that he hae been at vet^ nienCatboha Chureh" attempt to inflict upon use WtsheJlnet to hie ratoarifc Senu Sman thanked Ukrainian fndfcpendroce Day bbse^ Cardinal Myroslav ban Lubacbh^ bo moved from either out frith oe front tht l?kfainian community for "Banding vanca in Congress since Ю75. He noteA sky, hca0 of tHe Ukrainian Cuhoie dfc teachings of our Chuiehw Wo shall up for freedom so vigorously." He that "our dedication, perseverance and Chureh, made the following statement follow in the footsteps of our Lord, reminisced about attending a Ukrainian commitment is showing some signs of regarding the incident: Jesus Christ who suffered and died for church in Chicago which he said left (Continued on page 15) 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 No. 6

the electoral commissions appear to be Canadian ambassador speaks on Ukraine's... rather useless in this function; they are (Continued from page 1) much more effective at finding reasons that the laws contain several tripwires not to register politically undesirable environment at Kurelek Lecture that are working to the full advantage of nominees. Morever, the courts have not the authorities. The difficulties revolve been accorded an important role in the by Christina Bardyn ment. around the process of nominating and settling of disputes. As well, it was recognized thatecono– registering candidates — an especially There are, nonetheless, some pro– TORONTO - At the 12th annual mic activity is a major cause of environ– messy business in a situation where, as mising signs on the horizon. Activists in William Kurelek Memorial lecture held mental degradation. The participants of of yet, there are no competing political Rukh, the Ukrainian Helsinki Union, on January 20, A. Raynell Andreychuk, both conferences agreed on a resolu– parties. the Society, inde– Canadian high commissioner to Kenya, tion that "poverty and environmental The right to nominate candidates pendent youth associations, and other spoke on the topic "Brazil Ecological degradation are closely related and that movements, have joined forces in what Conference 1992 - Stages to a Solu– belongs to work collectives, profes– sustainable development can only be sional and technical collectives, collec– is termed the Democratic Bloc — tion." The lecture was held at the– achieved by integrating environmental perhaps the closest thing that Ukraine University of Toronto under the tives at certain institutes of learning, factors with economic factors." The registered public organizations, military now has to an alternative political auspices of the Ukrainian Professional developed world must bear the brunt of party. and Business Club of Toronto. units and groups of residents of a given the cost of environmental clean-ups electoral district. Provided the electoral commissions Ms. Andreychuk is the Canadian since those that were responsible for the did not resort to the wholesale rejection permanent representative to the United in principle, therefore, if more than pollution must pay for it. 200 inhabitants of apartment blocks of nominees supported by the alliance, Nations Environment Program How have Ukrainian communities in the Democratic Bloc may stand a good (UNEP) and is involved in the prepara– along a street in the Lenin district of North America responded to ecologi– Donetske held a meeting to nominate chance of sweeping the elections in tion for the 1992 Ecological Conference. cal^ environmental issues? Since the Lviv. ivan Drach, Mykhailoand Boh– The aim of the conference is to look at their favorite to run for the local council Chornobyl nuclear disaster, the com– or the Supreme Soviet, the candidacy dan Horyn, Roman Fedoriv, Stepan the environment as a global issue and to munities have become acutely aware of Khmara, vsevolod iskiv and volo– arrive at concrete solutions that will should be valid. But there is a hitch: the fact that ecological^environmental such neighborhood convocations, or dymyr Yavorivsky (also nominated in bind governments for future action. disasters know no boundaries and that Kiev, as was Mr. Drach), among nu– Governments have realized that there is zbory, must receive prior authorization ecological^ environmental issues are — by the very same local councils in merous other prominent figures, re– a direct linkage between a healthy children's issues. ceived nominations in Lviv's electoral environment and a healthy economy. whose interest it is to block the compe– Two environmental organizations tition. As might be expected, practice districts to run for office in the republi– The key concept is sustainable deve– have been formed. Ecolos of Toronto is can Supreme Soviet, it is not yet known lopment and Canada is recognized showed that the councils were far more a committee for environmental con– likely to turn down or otherwise ob– whether all have been officially re– internationally as a leader in this field. cerns in Ukraine and is active in sending gistered. The 1972 U.N. Conference on the struct the convocations. direct aid to Ukrainians in Ukraine One name from the Democratic Bloc Environment was an important catalytic in contrast, party workers and bu– whose health has been affected by that may come as a surprise to many is event. The conference gave birth to reaucrats were quite active in orga– environmental pollution. Ecolos pub– that of Bohdan Kotyk, the mayor of UNEP and led to the establishment of nizing nomination meetings at factory lishes a media scanning service, a Lviv. The bloc's potential opponents in environmental ministries in many coun– and enterprise collectives, on the theory monthly publication which includes the western Ukrainian city consist tries. Since then, two other conferences that ordinary citizens can be more easily press clippings, radio transcripts, news largely of unknown engineers, factory have contributed to a greater under- browbeaten at the workplace. As a reports and magazine articles on ecolo– directors and functionaries, and the standing and acceptance of the gravity result, a large number of technocrats gical issues in Ukraine. unpopular first secretaries of Lviv's city of the problem. The Montreal Protocol and managers with loyalties to the party in the United States, the Children of have been nominated and registered and oblast party committees. and the Basel Convention led to a Chornobyl Relief Fund has been esta– general agreement that development throughout Ukraine. Mr. Kotyk does not stand alone as a blished to literally save the young According to a January issue of and environment must not be sepa– generation which is and will continue to political maverick among leading offi– rated, but combined under one focus of Ogonyok magazine, for example, in cials in the election campaign. Kiev's be at greatest risk as a result of the Kiev close to 60 general directors, interest — namely, sustainable develop^ (Continued on page 16) ivan Saliy, who has sometimes been executives and managers, as well as referred to as the Ukrainian Boris almost all first secretaries of the party Yeltsin (Mr. Saliy is, in fact, much more raion committees and chairmen of the cautious than Yeltsin), is also running Kurelek Memorial Lectures honor artist present raion executive committees, for people's deputy of the Ukrainian have managed to enter the race for the SSR. TORONTO - The distinguished Lysyk of the University of British capital's 22 seats in the Supreme Soviet. The Ukrainian Writers' Union has Ukrainian Canadian artist, William Columbia. Until now, independent office- also provided a large number of pro– Kurelek died in Toronto on Novem– Succeeding lectures were given by seekers have also been hampered by gressive candidates, such as Pavlo ber 3, 1977. One year later, the A. Raynell Andreychuk, Canadian lack of access to the media. The elec– Movchan, Dmytro Pavlychko and Ukrainian Professional and Business high commissioner to Kenya; virko tion laws guarantee free and equal Yuriy Shcherbak. (For a complete list Club of Toronto, under the leader- Baley, University of Nevada; Robert access to all bona fide candidates, yet, the reader is referred to the January 11 ship of ihor Bardyn, established at Choquette, University of Ottawa; here again, practice is a different matter. issue of Literaturna Ukraina.) the University of Toronto the William Dmytro Cipywnyk, University of After all, why should an organ of the Kurelek Memorial Lectures. Saskatchewan; Robert Conquest, intellectual elites in the fields of Communist Party or Ukrainian Coun– culture, science, education and medi– in the 12 years since their esta– Hoover institute of War, Revolution cil of Trade Unions let the competition and Peace, Stanford University; Jim cine, accounted for a total of 37 percent blishment, a host of prominent speak out on its pages? of nominations as candidates to the speakers have given lectures focusing Coutts, Toronto; Norman Davies, The status of various organizations in University of London; Andrew Gre– Ukrainian Supreme Soviet. Twenty- on Ukrainian, Canadian and world Ukraine is another factor having an one percent of the nominations went to issues. The lectures have provided to gorovich, John Robarts Library at adverse effect on the pool of candidates. University of Toronto; Robert F. enterprise and kolhosp directors, 23 the Ukrainian communities of Me– The Popular Movement of Ukraine for percent to party and state functionaries, tropolitan Toronto and Southern Harney, University of Toronto; the Perebudova, or Rukh, drew up a cam– Rev. Stanford Lucyk, Toronto; and only 10 percent to factory and Ontario, an opportunity to hear and paign platform, but as an unregistered agricultural workers. The latter figure is meet speakers of international sta– James B. Maas, Cornell University; entity it does not enjoy the right to Patricia Morley, Concordia Univer– indeed a source of embarrassment to the ture and specialists in their fields. nominate. Popular-based organizations government, as is the small number of Mr. Kurelek was a deeply religious sity; Peter J. Potichnyj, McMaster which are officially registered at the University; Peter Reddaway, Lon– women candidates (less than 8 percent). man who agonized over the plight of republican level, such as Zelenyi Svit, The average number of contenders mankind, especially among the un– don School of Economics and Politi– are also encountering difficulties. Thus cal Science; Roy Romanow, attorney per seat in the Supreme Soviet can be derprivileged who make up the majo– far, every candidate put forth by the expected to come in at around five or rity of the world's population. He general of Saskatchewan; Peter influential ecological association has Shostak, victoria, British Columbia; six, and there will be far fewer, if any, depicted in his paintings the virtues been denied registration, according to single-candidate slates than was the case of a number of Canadian cultural Justice Walter Tarnopolsky, information received by Radio Liberty Court of Appeal for Ontario; Nikolai in Ukraine during last year's general groups, their experiences and tradi– in Munich. The Ukrainian Language elections to the USSR Congress of tions. Tolstoy, Oxford, England; and Boh– j Society has fared only somewhat better, dan vitvitsky, Columbia University. People's Deputies. These annual lectures were named the victim of abundant bureaucratic These figures suggest that the March after Mr. Kurelek to acknowledge On the 10th anniversary of William technicalities. 4 elections to Ukraine's parliament will the contribution he made to his Kurelek's death, the president of the in many cases, the state-appointed be dominated by contests between three country and to keep verdant the University of Toronto, George E. electoral commissions that are respon– groups: intellectuals, many of whom, of memory of a great artist and re– Connell, ended his remarks as sible for registering candidates and courseware affiliated with Rukh; the markable human being. Also by follows: "During, the past decade, conducting the elections are reported to largely Russian-speaking class of tech– providing a forum for individual one realizes we have only begun to be doing the bidding of the authorities. nocrats, managers and engineers; and, prominent in the fields of arts and probe the depth and breadth of Radianska Osvita recently described third, current government and party letters, scholarship and politics, the William Kurelek's contributions to the situation in the town of Bila officials. lectures were intended to promote mankind." The 10th anniversary Tserkva, where members of the Ukrai– However, the wave of popular up– understanding and appreciation of lectures were devoted to William nian Language Society have been risings against local authorities that, in the importance of dignity, freedom Kurelek, the man, the artist and the branded as nationalists and shirkers by recent weeks, has affected such me– and responsibility of the individual in prophet. the party committee secretary and, dium-size Ukrainian cities as Chernihiv society. Tlie quiet revolution in Ukraine consequently, have had no end of and Kremenchuk, is in some ways The lectures were inaugurated in and the centennial of Ukrainian problems in seeing their candidates indicative of the population's lack of 1978 by Prof. Ramsay Cook of York settlement in Canada are among the through to registration. confidence in the ability of the electoral University and Dean Kenneth M. topics for future lectures. Although empowered to investigate process to usher in the era of demo– alleged violations of the election laws, cracy. No. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY І І, 1990 5

Church's new role and rights discussed at D.C. presentation

by Anisa Handzia Sawyckyj preoccupy most of the audience today: the currently undefined legal status of WASHINGTON - Members of the the Ukrainian Catholic Church, and the Washington community, including need to have full rights for the Ukrai– both Ukrainians and non-Ukrainians, nian Catholic Church guaranteed in the gathered recently at the St. Sophia law on freedom of conscience, now Religious Association to hear Andrew being formulated in the Soviet Union. Sorokowski, a specialist on Ukrainian Needless to say, some of the questions Church matters, offer his views on the have no clear-cut answers at this time. future role of the Ukrainian Church in the changed circumstances cf Soviet Registration vs. legalization Ukraine and in the 21st century dias– pora. Members of the audience asked Following his talk, a wide-ranging about the difference between registra– and lively question and answer period tion of a parish and legalization of a enabled members of the audience to Church; about the possibility of utiliz– share their concerns about the still ing the de-Stalinization trend within the unresolved legal status of the Ukrainian Soviet Union to seek restitution of the Catholic Church in Ukraine and their Church's status prior to the illegal 1946 misgivings about the proposed drafts of government-engineered sobor that the new Soviet law on freedom of dissolved the Ukrainian Catholic conscience. Judging by the nature of the Church; about the Soviet government's questions, it was apparent that these compensation to its citizens for having complex issues are being carefully denied them access to churches for so scrutinized by individuals from a broad many years; about rights of the Ukrai– segment of society. nian Catholic Church in regions outside The event was coordinated by Natalie the Ukrainian SSR; about the sharing Gawdiak of the Committee for the of church buildings by both Catholic Defense of Religious Freedom in U– and Orthodox communities. kraine, who opened the evening by in his responses to these questions thanking the Ukrainian Association of Mr. Sorokowski said, among other Washington for its sponsorship, and St. things, that current law requires that Sophia Religious Association for the Yevhen Sverstiuk (left) and Andrew Sorokowski address a meeting devoted to the Ukrainian Church parishes ("religious use of its meeting facilities. role of the Church in Ukraine and diaspora. associations") apply to the local autho– She also recognized Roma Hayda, rities for registration, and this is what "Fortress Church," which had defended new: if we look deeply enough into our they have been doing recently in great president of the Ukrainian Patriarchal its people against various onslaughts history, we will find that they have their numbers; once they are registered, they Society in the U.S. who was in the over the centuries, to a Church which precedents." u can hire a priest and negotiate a lease of audience. Ms. Gawdiak then invited the can go forth into the world as a state Attending the presentation on Ja– Rev. Taras Lonchyna, pastor of Holy builder, culture bearer, missionary, church property from the state, which nuary 26 were some 60 people of all owns it. Registration takes a long time Cross Particular Ukrainian Catholic healer and unifier." (For the text of his ages, including laity of the Ukrainian Church, to open the gathering with a presentation, see page 6.) and must be approved by the Council Churches, several members of the for Religious Affairs in Moscow. prayer. He forecast an important role for the clergy, theology students, commu– Chiirch in the nation-building process, nity 1 church activists including several Full legalization involves more than Ms. Gawdiak introduced the even– registration of individual parishes; it ing's featured speaker Mr. Sorokowski, although he feels it will operate in a from the New England states, and a secular as well as a religiously and number of non-Ukrainians interested in would recognize the Church as an entity currently director of research and comprising these associations, a collec– documentation for the Ukrainian Ca– ethnically pluralistic state. He also sees the current situation of the Ukrainian the Church transforming its traditional Catholic Church in Ukraine, and in the tion of parishes (in the sense we under– tholic Church in Rome. Mr. Sorokow– stand it in the West) with the right to ski has degrees in both Soviet studies forms of expression into radically new broader issue of religious freedom in the forms geared to the modern individual. USSR. own Church property, among other and law, and is a member of the State rights. Bar of California. He spent 1984-1987 As a healer, the Church must address Also in the audience were some Several members of the audience as a researcher on Ukraine at Keston the everyday realities of social pro– unexpected visitors from abroad. One questioned the validity of statistics cited College in England. The title of his blems that plague both Eastern and of them was Yevhen Sverstiuk, Ukrai– in the speaker's presentation. The lecture was "Beyond the Fortress Western societies, he continued, in its nian writer, critic, educator and former statistics were collected by the USSR Church: The Role of Religion in missionary or apostolic role, Mr. Soro– prisoner of conscience, who is now the Academy of Sciences in a 1989 survey of Ukrainian Society." kowski said the Ukrainian Church co-chairman of the Subcommittee on would be a continuing source of priestly Ethics, Morals .and Religion of the attitudes in Lviv and in surrounding More than fortress Church vocations. Finally, he envisioned an Popular Movement of Ukraine for rural areas about legalization of the ecumenical role for the Church as a Perebudova. Mr. Sverstiuk is visiting Ukrainian Catholic Church. The au– dience members suggested the possibi– The speaker presented the thought- precursor for a union of the entire family in the U.S. lity that the survey might have under- provoking thesis that in order for the Catholic and Orthodox world. Another member of the audience was reported the support of rural people for Ukrainian Church to survive in our next in elaborating on these roles for the Soviet Jurist Youri Rosenbaum, author such legalization because they may have millennium, it would have to go beyond Church, Mr. Sorokowski added that of one of the draft versions of the misunderstood the question, been inti– its role as a spiritual and cultural "most of these roles are not entirely proposed Soviet law on freedom of conscience. Mr. Rosenbaum, who is midated by the questioning, or an– associated with the institute of State swered differently had the question U.S. Church activists planstrategy and Law at the USSR Academy of been phrased in another way. Sciences is visiting the U.S. Shortly ROC wages campaign WASHINGTON - East coast in Washington for the day's events on before the Sorokowski lecture, he was found to be in Washington, informed of members of the Committee for the his way to Rome, where he directs the A number of audience members Defense of Religious Freedom in U– research and documentation center the upcoming event, and decided to attend. inquired about the tangled web of kraine and the Ukrainian Patriarchal of the Ukrainian Catholic Church. relationships between the Russian Society in the U.S.A. met on January The purpose of the January 27 interestingly enough, the subject Orthodox Church, the Soviet govern– 27 at the St. Sophia Religious Asso– meeting was to plan future strategies matter of the 25 or so questions which ment, the vatican and the Ukrainian ' ciation here. for keeping the Ukrainian Catholic followed Mr. Sorokowski's presenta– Catholic Church in Ukraine. One per– Church legalization issue in the tion suggested that the audience, while The meeting was held in the after- son asked if restitution of Church forefront of interest and attention open to the concept of new roles for the property is a matter for the Russian math of two successful events or– among Ukrainians and non-Ukrai– Church, considered the traditional role ganized in Washington by these Orthodox and Ukrainian Catholic nians alike. of the embattled "fortress Church" to be Churches to resolve between them, as groups on January 26, both relating Attending the strategy meeting far from obsolete. However, in some– to current developments in the the Soviet government and some ROC were Roma Hayda, president of the what of a role reversal, it appears that at hierarchs maintain? Ukrainian Catholic Church in U– Patriarchal Society in the U.S.A. . this transitional point in the Church's kraine. (Connecticut) who had set the week– jj history, when its new status in modern Mr. Sorokowski responded that this These included a successful Capi– end's events in motion; Dr. Roman Ukraine is being determined, it is the should not be considered an inter- tol Hill meeting where government Andrushkiw, chair of the Committee members of the Church both in Ukraine Church matter at all, but rather a officials and non-governmental spe– for the Defense of Religious Freedom і and in diaspora who are rising to Church-state matter. Since it was the cialists in Ukrainian Church matters in Ukraine (New Jersey); Natalie l protect the right of their Church, which state that liquidated the Ukrainian exchanged ideas, and an evening Gawdiak, also from the Defense І has been a source of spiritual and Greek-Catholic Church in 1945-1946, it presentation at the St. Sophia Reli– Committee (D.C.) Also in attendance j cultural survival for Ukrainians for a has the responsibility to restore the gious Association by Ukrainian were ihor Hayda, Patriarchal Society j thousand years. Church's rights and return its property. Church expert Andrew Sorokowski, (Connecticut); Andrew Sorokowski Thus, while a few questions address– Furthermore, church property is attended by some 60 people. Mr. (Rome); and Anisa H. Sawyckyj ed the vision of the Church of the future, owned by the state and only leased to Sorokowski had been invited to stop (New York). the vast majority of them concerned the religious associations, he continued. two important issues which obviously (Continued on page 12) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY її, 1990 No. 6

Beyond the fortress Church Ukrainian Weekly The role of the Church, religion in Ukraine and Ukrainian diaspora

Democratization by Andrew Sorokowski look deeply enough into our history, we will find that they have their precedents. PART І The banner headlines around the world proclaimed it: a new era was about Models for the future to begin in the Soviet Union. "The Party's Over," The Daily News declared. Last December 1, President Mikhail "Soviet Leaders Agree to Surrender Communist Party Monopoly on Power," Gorbachev, meeting with Pope John 1. State-builder the more staid New York Times wrote. Paul 11, declared the importance of On February 7, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the spiritual values in a society. As the in celebrating our Millennium in Soviet Union agreed to relinquish the power it had held so tightly for seven bearer of spiritual values, religion, and 1988, we noted how after the acceptance decades. Since the early years of Soviet rule, the Communist Party had been concretely the Church, has the task of of Eastern Christianity as the state de facto the only legal party; that exclusivity was enshrined in the Stalin preserving, developing, explaining and religion of Kievan Rus', the Church and constitution of 1936. furthering those values. Now that the church culture, with its own special Now the party leadership has said that no longer will the leading role in Soviet Union has ostensibly abandoned language, literature and art, helped to Soviet society be reserved for the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, no official atheism, how can the Ukrainian unite the people in a single powerful longer will the party be the sole judge of what is right and what is good for the Churches fulfill this task? What social state. The state Church, modelled after proletariat. The recommendation that the Stalinist Article 6 of the Soviet roles will they play as they seek to revive that of Byzantium, helped build the Constitution be scrapped now paves the way for a multi-party system within spiritual values in their homeland? nation. the USSR. What we are witnessing is a fundamental change in the Soviet Union, one Ukrainian ecclesiastical history offers is this a valid model for the future? that will transfer power from the party to the government. several models of the role of religion Today, in most of the world the nation As well, according to Zbigniew Brzezinski, noted scholar and former and the Church in society. Some of has become a secular concept, separate national security adviser, the reform "marks the beginning of the formal these models will prove useful in the from religion. Unlike our neighbors to break with Leninism," just as Khrushchev's secret speech in 1956 marked the radically changed circumstances of the West and North, we lack a single beginning of the end of Stalinism. Soviet Ukraine; others will not. New national faith. Furthermore, the future Dr. Roman Szporluk, director of the Center for Russian and East models will have to be adopted. Some of Ukrainian state will most likely be European Studies at the University of Michigan, agreed that the party's these models are equally applicable to multi-ethnic, in a religiously and na– action is a repudiation of Leninism. "1 believe that the renunciation of the life in the diaspora. tionally pluralistic Ukraine, the politi– party's monopoly of power literally means the end of communism as a distinct cal role of the Ukrainian Churches will current on the left. Lenin's most original contribution to Marxism was his The fortress Church necessarily be limited. concept of the party. Lenin made the right of the party to rule independent of an actual popular mandate," he told The New York Times. He likened the Whenever we speak about the history Besides, maintaining their separation CPSU Central Committee's unprecedented recommendation to a declaration of our Churches we tend to emphasize from the state would be to the benefit of made by the pope that there is no God. their role in preserving Ukrainian our Churches. For one thing, excessive How could such a momentous event happen in the Soviet Union? Mikhail national and cultural identity. This is Church involvement in state affairs Gorbachev, ever the shrewd politician, once again placed himself squarely in true whether we are speaking of the carries dangers of abuse, such as lay the middle of the issue of the party's leading role in Soviet society. (Yes, this Ukrainian Orthodox Church in 17th control of the Church for political was the same Mikhail Gorbachev who in the not too distant past had declared century Polish-Lithuanian Common- purposes, it is questionable whether a that the party must maintain its vanguard role,) He played public sentiment wealth, the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic state Church would really benefit from against the pressure of the hard-liners. Some observers even surmise that it Church in 19th century Austria-Hun– its privileged status in spiritual terms. was Mr. Gorbachev pulling the strings last Sunday as 200,000 of the most gary, or both Churches in 20th century The fate of the Russian Orthodox politically diverse activists and their supporters marched for "democracy" emigre communities. Church should be a warning in this regard. through the streets of Moscow. Certainly, there is a good deal of truth One must recognize that the party leadership's decision was a bold step, but in this image. The Church did serve to At the same time, our Churches can to that must be added the caveat that it may also have been inevitable in light harbor, to protect and conserve our continue to contribute to our nation- of the disintegration evident in all parts of the Soviet empire, in fact, various identity in times of ethnic assimilation building experience, even in conditions political parties, and political groups that could very easily evolve into bona or dire military threat. This role of the of religious pluralism, perhaps even fide parties, already exist in several republics. These opposition groups were Church can be symbolized by the working in tandem. Having just ob– already challenging the party at a time when the public had lost faith in that fortress churches built in Ukraine in the served the twin anniversary of Ukrai– party. This was seen perhaps most dramatically in the union-wide coal perilous days of Tatar raids, like the nian independence and of the unifica– miners'strikes. On the local level, too, there was much evidence of discontent Church of the Protection of the virgin at tion of western and eastern Ukraine, with party officials, witness recent events from Chernihiv and Chernivtsi to Sutkivtsi or Ss. Peter and Paul Church we are particularly aware of the role of volgograd and Sverdlovsk. in Kamianets-Podilsky, or the mo– the Churches in our modern state- Thus, one might argue, that the Communist Party is stripping itself of nastery fortress at Mezhyrichi. building experience, in western U– absolute power in order to retain power. kraine, the Greek-Catholic Church, One more note of caution must be added here. Amid the euphoria over This is the Church of a people living played an important role in the creation what many see as the demise of the Communist Party and,ultimately, the on the frontier of civilization, con– and defense of the Western Ukrainian USSR, we must realize that there is no guarantee the recommendations cerned primarily with physical and National Republic. approved by the Central Committee will actually be adopted by the 5,000- spiritual survival, it is the Church of a delegate all-union party congress to be held this summer. As well, the Soviet fundamentally insecure - and there- By contrast, in eastern Ukraine, an parliament has to vote on the issue. And, even then, there is the question of fore deeply conservative - people, alien imperial Church obstructed the how the abolition of Article 6 will actually be applied and how alternate determined to preserve its cultural Ukrainian nation-building effort. At parties will be allowed to function. identity, but reluctant, in view of the the same time, as Prof. Arkadiy Most of all, however, we caution that the historic events of February 7, overwhelming risks, to experiment or Zhukovsky notes in his preface to the 1990, may represent a major step toward democratization of the Soviet to innovate, in this role as spiritual and first volume of the "Martyrology jf the Union, but democracy this isn4. cultural fortress, the Church has helped Ukrainian Churches," "the non-p lrtici– us survive the onslaughts of the centu– pation of the government of the Qkrai– ries, from the Mongols to the Bolshe– nian National Republic in church viks. in the emigration, it has even affairs allowed reactionary pro-Russian helped us to stave off alien moral and forces to maintain their predomi– І cultural values. But is this a sufficient nance."1 Had conditions permitted the Turning the pages back.. І model for the future? Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox l– 1 think not. For the irony of our times Church to organize itself earlier and v is that in order to survive in our next participate in the state-building process U millennium, our Churches must do in eastern Ukraine, events might have Well-known Ukrainian national rights activist Bohdan У more than merely survive. They will taken a different course. The recent Horyn was born on February 10,1936, in Kniselo, n have to experiment, to innovate: They revival of this Church in Ukraine region in , Ukraine. He was raised along with two will have to take on some new roles in suggests that there may be a second brothers, Mykhailo, also a national rights advocate, and Mykola, in'. A Ukrainian society, both in Ukraine, and chance. 1959 graduate of Lviv State University, Mr. Horyn specialized in the psychology of here in the diaspora. But again, most of artistic creativity and over a few years published more than 30 articles. For his these roles are not entirely new; if we 2. Bearer of culture participation in the Ukrainian national rights movement in the early 1960s, Mr. Horyn v ' rested n 1965, convicted of '"anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda" Andrew Sorokowski is director of in his introduction to the second and sentehs^ to lour years in a strict-regimen labor camp. research and documentation for the volume of the "Martyrology of the in the 1980s, Mr. Horyn worked in the Lviv Art Gallery until he returned to Ukrainian Catholic Church in Rome, in Ukrainian Churches," Archimandrite public activism when he became head of the branch of the Ukrainian 1984-1987 he was the researcher on Lubomyr Husar observed that the Helsinki Union and joined the leadership of other informal assochn : os, including Ukraine at Keston College in England, nature of religious belief among Ukrai– the republican Taras Shevchenko Ukrainian Language Society, The speech above, to be published in (Continued on page 13) A resident of Lviv, Mr. Horyn was nominated as a candidate in the March 4 two parts, was delivered in Washington elections to the Ukrainian SSR Supreme Soviet in five races in t raion on January 26 at the St. Sophia Reli– 1. introduction, "Martyrolohia Ukrain– of L"^-T ^blast as well as five more races in the city of Lvi'-– gious Association, skykh Tserkov," Yol. 1, pp. 15-16. No. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 Comparative Survey of Freedom recognizes changes in USSR, but...

in the lead article to Freedom contested, and many voters rejected (by professional and cultural groups — do crimes." Amnesty international put the House's "Comparative Survey of Free– crossing off) CPSU candidates runnine form a nascent civil society whose total of political prisoners in the coun– domt "the results of which appear in the unopposed or hand-picked by party influence permeates the political struc– try as of July at under 100. just released January^ February issue of organs, forcing repeat balloting in 14 true to the very centers of decision- Authorities have also used adminis– the bimonthly magazine Freedom at percent of the districts that offered only making. Partial credit was therefore trative arrest to detain activists for brief issue, R. Bruce McColm, the survey's one or two choices. given for competitive political groups periods, particularly in Ukraine. coordinator, writes: About 10 percent of those elected because there is a chance for non-party Activists have been harassed, forcibly "1989 was the most pivotal year of the were not CPSU members (a modest but figures to gain support, although these removed from trains to keep them from post-war period, capping off a decade of unprecedented figure), among them groups do not yet have a realistic attending meetings and, in some cases, gradual yet steady progress and hope, it human rights activist Andrei Sakharov. posibility to gain national power beaten. The USSR gets no credit for an was a year that tantalized with the Ballots were tabulated honestly. The through elections. independent, non-discriminatory judi– vision and possibility of a liberal USSR gets partial credit for the legisla– To date, no constituent republic in ciary and for safeguarding citizens from democratic world order The fragile and tive elections and fair polling. the Soviet Union has genuine self- unjustified, arbitrary political terror or still reversible advances in freedom The new parliament has shown some determination. Mr. Gorbachev has imprisonment. during the decade temporarily closed signs of independence and open debate. emphatically stated that separatism and Private business cooperatives have the once sharp and polarizing debate A 300-member opposition caucus led by secession are intolerable concepts, but been permitted, and professional or– over the very definition of democracy popular reformer Boris Yeltsin intro– the regime has allowed some ethnic ganizations such as official writers' itself The technological and global duced a bill in September to legalize a political expression and has responded unions have shown increased indepen– economic revolution finally rendered multi-party system, a move condemned to some republican concerns by allow– dence. Political discussion clubs, cul– the post-war political order obsolete by Chairman Mikhail Gorbachev. On ing direct elections for president, per– tural and historical groups, memorial and led to a decade-long renaissance in October 24 the parliament voted to elimi– mitting the republics to decide for societies, language preservation organi– Western values, it was in short the Free nate special seats for the CPSU and themselves how to organize voting, and zations, and other citizens'groups have Decade." other official organizations in national promising further decentralization. been allowed to flourish, though their Freedom House, a national organiza– and local elections, responding to popu– Nevertheless, real power is still concen– existence is not safeguarded under law. tion dedicated to strengthening demo– lar criticism that such reserved slots trated in Moscow. Partial credit is given under free private cratic institutions worldwide, "found were undemocratic. The lawmakers and business institutions. that 1989 was the freest year since we also passed a measure in opposition to Civil liberties A new law on religion has yet to be began monitoring the status around the Mr. Gorbachev that would allow direct codified, but there has been a de facto world," the article goes on to say. elections for president in opposition to The key issue under civil liberties is relaxation in the regime's attitude As of December 5, 1989, when the the general secretary in each of the 15 that many of the legal and social toward religion. Believers must still survey's annual findings were com– republics, and limit strikes to essential reforms undertaken in 1988 and 1989 register their congregations, and exist– pleted, there were 61 states and 50 industries. have yet to be codified. Under glasnost, ing laws bar the right to teach religion to territories classified as free ; 44 states However, despite these develop– the government– and party-controlled children, appoint clergy and prosely– and three territories as partly free; and ments, the Supreme Soviet was, at media have boldly addressed political, tize. in 1989, registration rights were 62 states and Jive territories as not free. Gorbachev's insistence, elected from social and historical issues previously granted to the Hare Krishna Movement Thus, out of a world population of hand-picked deputies, who ran un– out of bounds, but generally exercise and to the Jehovah's Witnesses, but approximately 5.234 billion, 2.034 opposed. Moreover, the real locus of self-censorship and avoid direct criti– other evangelical groups remain unre– billion or 38.87 percent live in free, gistered and technically outside the law. 1.144 billion or 21.85 percent in partly Following Gorbachev's meeting with free, and 2.056 billion or 39.28percent The USSR: clearly a country in transition,Pop e John Paul 11 in December, there is in not free societies, the survey reports. reason to believe the 4 million-member Each country or territory is rated on but as yef not free Ukrainian Catholic Church, banned in political rights and civil liberties and its 1946, will be legalized. Priests and performances on these two categories are activists formerly underground hold rated on a scale of 1 to 7 (with 1 repre– power is still in the hands of the CPSU cism of Mr. Gorbachev or his program. services and open masses without inter– senting the most freedom). Political general secretary (who today arguably in October, Mr. Gorbachev demand– ference. Continued restrictions and rights are defined as those enabling has amassed more personal power than ed the resignation of the editor of a regulations earn the country only people to participate freely in the any leader since Stalin), as well as the popular journal for publishing a poll partial credit for religious freedom. political process. Civil liberties, for the Central Committee and the Politburo. showing the general secretary's drop in All 30 trade unions are part of the survey 's purposes, are seen as freedoms Ultimate authority is still in the hands of popularity. Journal workers responded officially sanctioned All-Union Council to develop views, institutions and the CPSU and its organs. by threatening to strike, and the editor of Trade Unions (AUCCTU). Tiny, personal autonomy apart from the state. Although alternative political par- has not resigned. Previously under- independent unions such as SMOT, The 1990 "Comparative Survey of ties are not legally permitted, 1989 saw ground publications now publish and repressed in the 1970s, function in Freedom" notes that the "the most the rise of popular political opposition are distributed relatively openly. several large cities, but their existence is significant advances in freedom oc– movements in the republics, which had There are restrictions on the posses– not safeguarded by law and their mem– curred in the Soviet Union and Eastern an impact and influence on republican sion and use of certain computers and bership is insignificant. Late in the year, Europe." However, the USSR, which Communist parties and on the central duplication equipment. More impor– parliament passed a law permitting rated 6 in political rights and 5 in civil government. tantly, there is no new press law guaran– strikes in all but essential industries. liberties, for a combined average rating in the Baltics, so-called "popular teeing a free and open press. The USSR Wildcat strikes were common all over of 5.5, still was listed as a "not free" fronts" co-opted local Communist gets partial credit for allowing more the USSR in 1989, with authorities state. leaders in joining the struggle for diverse points of view to be expressed by generally responding to most demands. Following is the survey's article titled greater political and economic auto– the media. There are indications that some official "Case Study: Why the USSR is 'Not nomy, which in turn forced the central Public expression, association and unions became more responsive to Free, '"it is reprinted for the record with authorities to make some concession to assembly have been tolerated, and in worker needs since the massive coal permission from Freedom House. the national movements, in Ukraine, the 1989 scores of demonstrations and strikes in June, but there are no free and (Copies of the magazine may be pur- popular front Rukh movement was rallies were held throughout the country independent unions. chased for S5from Freedom at issue, 48 launched in September, spearheaded by without official interference. However, E. 21st St.,New York, NY. 10010.) members of the official Ukrainian restrictions exist, in April, the Supreme in 1988-1989, there has been a drama- Writers' Union and including members Soviet issued a decree restricting the tic shift in official attitudes toward of the new parliament as well as former rights of unofficial groups to hold emigration and freedom of movement. The Soviet Union underwent dra– dissidents. The group is concerned with meetings, and set up special armed units Although a law to abandon internal matic and significant political changes such issues as preserving the Ukrainian to quell "public disorders." The na– passports has yet to be ratified and in 1989. it thus was one of the most language, environmental concerns (par– tional decree, which cannot be abo– restrictions exist on place of residence, challenging countries to rate in the ticularly Chornobyl), and greater econo– lished by any individual republics, also citizens who can afford it have generally survey. The survey team had to deal mic and political sovereignty. Popular has a provision against "insulting or been allowed to travel to the West, with the question of whether Soviet pressure was clearly a contributing defaming state bodies and public or– particularly to visit families and rela– reforms warrant the country's reclassifi– factor in Gorbachev's September ouster ganizations." tives. The numbers of those allowed to cation from "not free" to "partly free" of hardline Ukrainian Communist On October 1, special riot police emigrate continued to increase in 1989, based on criteria for political rights and Party boss volodymyr Shcherbytsky, broke up a peaceful demonstration in although the policy seemed aimed at civil liberties. who severely repressed dissent in the Lviv, Ukraine, leaving 20 people se– Jews. Armenians and ethnic Germans. republic in the 1970s. riously injured. Earlier in the year, There is some private home owner- Political rights in Azerbaidzhan, the Popular Front Soviet troops used nerve gas to disperse ship and rights to private property, but has successfully launched strikes and a rally in Soviet Georgia, leaving at least a comprehensive law defining property The USSR remains a one-party state work stoppages, in the Russian repub– 20 dead, in late October, riot police rights has yet to be drafted. Housing dominated by the Communist Party of lic, the Democratic Union and a newly in Moscow charged a group of demon– shortages are a chronic problem, and the Soviet Union (CPSU). Citizens still formed coalition of opposition groups strators near KGB headquarters, have an impact on family size and do not enjoy the right to elect the head have been demanding pluralism, an end leaving many injured. Therefore, only arrangement, in all, the USSR gets of state in a free and fair election. to Communist domination and an partial credit can be given for freedom partial credit for personal social free– However, in March 1989 voters went to independent judiciary. of discussion and assembly. doms. the polls to elect members of the newly Although the existence of these The Soviet judiciary remains, despite Despite perestroika and attempts to created 2,500-member Congress of political groups has not been institu– some modifications regarding the ap– energize the economy through limited People's Deputies. Although the elec– tionalized or safeguarded by law (thus jfointrnent of judges, a part of the state- privatization, equal economic opportu– tions were not totally free and fair, some allowing a legal groundwork for their party apparatus. Republic criminal nity is stifled by a centrally planned 80 percent of the district seats were suppression), they — along with civic, codes still contain overtly "political (Continued on page 16) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY nr 1990 No. 6

The art of Sviatoslav Hordynsky Tribute to an artist whi is rediscovered in Soviet Ukraine by Marta Kolomayets

Artist and iconographer Petro Cholodny Jr. passed away on Wednesday, January 24, His obituary appeared in The Weekly dated February 4, Below, his friends and students offer their impressions of a man who will be missed by many, GLEN SPEY, N.Y. - in Roderick Haig– Brown's "A River Never Sleeps," the author writes: "1 still don't know why 1 fish or why other men fish except that we like it and it makes us think and feel. But 1 do know that if it were not for the strong, quick life of rivers, for their sparkle in the sunshine, for the cold grayness of them under rain and the feel of them about my legs as 1 set my feet hard down on rocks or sand or gravel, 1 should fish less often, A river is never quite silent; it can never of its very nature, be quite still; it is never quite the same from one day to the next, it has its own life and its own beauty, and the creatures it nourishes are alive and beautiful also." "it didn't matter to Petro Cholodny if he caught the biggest fish, or none, at all," recalls artist Zenon Onyshkewych, the late Mr. Cholodny's long-time, fishing partner, "What, mattered to him was to get close to nature, and when the fish weren't biting we'd talk, we'd talk about anything and every– thing." And talk he could among friends, for Cholodny's interests ranged from current events, as he discussed the Bush administra– tion, to history, as he reminisced about the Petro Cholodn days of the Ukrainian National Republic, advanced in years, who had lived thrc where his father, Petro Sr., served in the - one revolution and two world wars. ministry, to such passionate topics as the Recollections of various conversat New York Rangers and the New York Mets with Cholodny always bring a smile tc (he was a great fan of both teams), and his lips of the story teller, for dialogues with cat, "Pan Beast." were always laced with humor, always x He felt comfortable with nature and in it and sometimes sarcastic. he'd see the beauty of its simplicity," in celebration of his 80th birthda; remembers Chrystia Hlushko, who studied Self-Portrait, (i960) 1982, Liubov Drazhevsky, writing for iconography with the master. "Although І Life magazine, recalls one conversa vERON A, N.J. - Long regarded a renaissance man by his contemporaries and came to study art with him, 1 learned a lot about Cholodny's beginnings at the War art enthusiasts of all ages in the free world, painter, iconographer, graphic artist, about life, 1 studied with him during my Academy of Arts. After funding for poet, translator, art and literary scholar Sviatoslav Hordynsky has finally formative years, high school and college, scholarship to the Ukrainian Studic experienced a renaissance in Ukraine. and he taught me to enjoy life, not to worry." Plastic Arts in Prague ran out, Cholc For more than 45 years, this co-founder of the Association of independent it was for this kind of spirit that his friends and his wife, Natalia Livytska Cholo( Ukrainian Artists, who studied at the Novakivsky School in Lviv, in Berlin and in remember Cholodny. And his friends were visited Warsaw. And, as the story goes, і Paris at the Academic Julien and the Academie de l'Art Moderne, was "persona of all ages, from all walks of life (although were walking past the Warsaw Acad– non grata" in the Soviet Union. However, the year 1989 was one of resurrection for they had to enjoy fishing, muses one when Mrs. Cholodny remarked: "Thi both the man and his work in Ukraine. colleague) for he was an ageless man, who where you should go." Cholodny answi Mr. Hordynsky was born on December 30, 1906, in Kolomyia into the family of had the curiosity of a child about the world her: "1 don't want to." "But, l'll go and Ukrainian political activist Yarosiav Hordynsky. He was instrumental in bringing around him, yet the wisdom of a man out about it," she added, marching into the works of Picasso, Modigliani and Chagall for exhibits in Lviv, thereby introducing Ukrainians to the trends in art in Western Europe in the early part of the 20th century. The outbreak of World War И put an end to Mr. Hordynsky's work in Lviv, and in 1947, he emigrated to the United States. He helped found the Ukrainian Artists' Association in the United States, and has exhibited his works on numerous occasions. He has decorated 50 churches in North America and Europe; his mural and iconostases are a synthesis of the neo-Byzantine and modernist styles. And no matter how much recognition Mr. Hordynsky received in the West, his name was not brought up in Ukraine. But one year ago, on February 3, 1989, the newspaper vilna Ukraina in Lviv, published an article under the heading "Revealing forgotten names." The piece itself, headlined "The Complex Fate of Sviatoslav Hordynsky," besides publishing excerpts from Mr. Hordynsky's poetry, also gives a brief biographical sketch stating that although his poetry lives, Mr. Hordynsky died in the United States. (Mr. Hordynsky was quite amused to learn of his premature demise, which was, in the words of Mark Twain, "greatly exaggerated.") However, just a few months later, (April 1989)Zhovten, the literary magazine published in Lviv, presented an overview of art in that western Ukrainian city during the 1920s and 1930s. The author, Olena Ripko, resurrected Mr. Hordynsky and claims that her article is an "attempt at reconstruction," a necessary step in ridding contemporary Ukrainian art of its blank spots, which have now become "black holes." Her article is followed by a short notice signed by a committee which was formed to examine the 1952 destruction of Ukrainian art pieces from the Lviv Museum, which included numerous works by Mr. Hordynsky. A few weeks later, the Ukrainian republic's magazine Ukraina continued its "rehabilitation" of the poet-artist, running five pages about the man in a specially commissioned article written by Mykola Nevrly from Bratislava, who had met Mr. Hordynsky in Ukraine in the 1940s, and interviewed Mr. Hordynsky in Paris during the artist; poet's 1969 stay in that capital city. The article, titled "Between the World and Ukraine,"features color photos of Mr. Hordynsky's icons in St. Sophia Ukrainian Catholic Sobor in Rome, Mr. Hordynsky at work, as well as reproductions of his paintings and graphics. The article also includes selections Natalia and Petro Cholodny on Natalia's birthday, June 15, 1982. (Continued on page 14) No. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNOAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 9

Dund harmony in nature: Petro Cholodny Jr. 1902-1990

accept me, saying that 1 would not paint the way he wanted me to paint," Cholodny added. І answered him, "1 do not want to paint the way you want to, but the way І want to." And so an association began. "Cholodny wanted to paint because he loved to paint," adds Mr. Onyshkewych. "And for him, no work was ever finished," said Ms. Hlushko. "Fd seen paintings he'd worked on for 40 years, and he still did not think they were completed." He was very critical nf his work and always strived to better himself, і And he was critical of his students'work, recalls Christina Saj, who had an apprentice- ship with Cholodny for close to two years. He was a firm critic and he would have you make mistakes in order for you to learn things. "He was from that generation of people, like my uncle Josyf Hirniak, who first trained in the basic techniques until he mastered them," said Ms. Saj, who is currently working on an M.F.A. at the Milton A very Graduate School for the Arts. "Yet he was so willing to share his knowledge with people," she added. 'Olha Liskiwsky, a personal friend of Mr. and Mrs. Cholodny in their later years, remembers Cholodny talking about his schooling. "Why, we were not allowed to pick up a color until we had trained in drawing for two years." And it was this expertise in technique that Mr. Cholodny tried to convey to his students, whom he ie water, 1950s. nurtured, and who span four, five genera– tions. The feeling for the art cannot be building and emerging with an application taught, and must come from within, his in hand, saying, "today is the deadline for students recall applications." Yet it wasn't technique that made this Cholodny recalled that to be accepted, man's work so well-respected, it wasn't you had to present your works, but he still technique that motivated him to create lived in Czechoslovakia and to Warsaw he scenes of nature, landscapes, even the icons had brought only two works: a miniature that adorn churches throughout the United and an ex libris. He recalled that students States, Canada and Europe. were walking into the academy with boxes Yevhen Blakytny once asked Cholodny of works and he came in with his two works, who his spiritual mentors were in his presented them to the secretary who asked, creativity. He answered, quite sincerely: "So, where are your works?" "i've handed "My father, Wilhelm Kotarbinski and them to you," Cholodny answered. He beetles." returned the next day to find out that he had "This was no joke," writes Blakytny. "it is been accepted. enough to look at the beetle collection of His next step was to sign up with a Petro Petrovych to understand that no professor. Cholodny signed up with Prof. fantasy of a genius, of a capricious artist can Tykhy. "Why, you may ask," said Cho– create such designs, such compositional lodny. "Because he's quiet (tykhy) and Гт ornamentation, and such richness in colors cold (kholodny)." as nature has granted the poor beetles." "At first, the professor did not want to Cholodny's collections are legendary, ranging from thousands of meticiously labeled boxes with beetles, which list their Latin names, the places he found them, and circumstances surrounding their capture. He was also quite a collector of stamps, (Continued on page 14) icon (tempera).

Текст: Роман ЗАВАДОВИЧ Ілюстрації: П. ХОЛОДНИЙ ГОЦ.А ДРАЛА

Ласували Мурко й Мручка: З'їли все — крупу і сало, З'їли юшку в добрий час, — Гей, смачна з кілочка юшка! В горщику порожньо стало. А кілок — на другий раз.

Still life. Petro Cholodny illustrated the children's magazine Yeselka for many years. THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 No. 6

Ukrainian independence Day commemorations - January 22, 1990 Connecticut Toronto by K.v. Sokolyk nada's minister of finance. On Saturday January 27, a banquet TORONTO - Celebrations comme– was held at the Royal York Hotel, in the morating the 72nd anniversary of opening remarks, Yaroslav Sokolyk, Ukraine's independence culminated in president of the Ukrainian Canadian Toronto with a gala concert at Roy Congress, Toronto Branch, stressed the Thomson Hall on January 28. This significance of this year's celebrations. year's celebrations were especially "Reform, which is gaining momentum noteworthy as for the first time guests in Ukraine, has allowed for the people from Ukraine appeared on the pro- of Ukraine to take center stage in the gram. independence Day celebration in To– The concert featured performances ronto for the first time in history. No by violinist Oleh Krysa of Lviv, tenor O. longer are we commemorating the spirit Diachenko of the Kiev Opera, Kobzar of 1918 in historic terms. Together with vasyl Nechepa of Chernihiv and reci– our guests from Ukraine, we are also tations by Oles Tymoshenko of Kiev celebrating Ukraine's present move– who is currently undergoing treatment ment for independence." in Washington for illness suffered in the aftermath of the Chor– The guest speaker at the banquet was nobyl accident. Canadian performers Gerry Weiner, minister of state for Connecticut Gov. William O'Neill presented his Ukrainian independence included vocalist Oksana Rohatyn– multiculturalism and immigration, in Day proclamation to a delegation of Ukrainian Americans (from left): T. Makohon, the Polyfonia Children's addition, special greetings were pro– Melnyk, W. Glowa, B. Romaniw, J. Hladun, W. Peleschuk, Msgr. Stephen Choir, the Yasmyn Choir, the Burlaka vided by Rostyslav Bratun, poet and Chomko, M. Kolinsky, S. Radio, Dr. Michael Snihurowycz, A. Rudzinsky, Choir and Hnat Khotkevych leading Rukh member, in an inspired Michael Mowchan and A. Tylka, representing the state's Ukrainian Ensemble. speech Mr. Bratun reaffirmed the Congress Committee of America, in celebration of the January 22 commitment of the people of Ukraine to anniversaries, events took place across the state, among them a banquet in The feature address of the concert independence. He said that 70 years of East Windsor and public ceremonies with the mayors of Hartford, New was by prominent Rukh member My– Soviet reality in Ukraine have left deep Britain, New Haven, Bridgeport, Ansonia and Torrington. khailo Osadchy of Lviv. Mr. Osadchy, scars upon the land and the people. who spent many years in the Siberian Gulag, is currently the editor of Ka– At the banquet, Toronto's Ukrainian fedra, an independent literary journal. community presented its annual Florida Mr. Osadchy spoke of the failures of awards. Bishop isidore Borecky was the by Helen Olek Scott last summer. She commented that Marxism, the horrors of Stalinism and recipient of the "Man of the Year" unrest was clearly prevalent throughout the destructive policies of Brezhnevism. award, in addition to fulfilling his TALLAHASSEE, Fla. - Over two the area and the people appeared down- Mr. Osadchy believes that Ukraine duties admirably in Canada, Bishop score Ukrainians and other from the east trodden and melancholy. must cease being an exploited colony of Borecky has also helped the Church in and west coasts of Florida journeyed to John Gawaluch, president of the Moscow, it must strive for economic, Ukraine. There, in underground cere- the State Capitol in Tallahassee on United Ukrainian Organizations of cultural and political independence. monies, he ordained priests and in- January 22 to participate in a formal, Tampa, St, Petersburg and Greater The celebration, in fact, had begun a spired the populace to greater religious but intimate and warm Ukrainian Clearwater, head of the delegation, week earlier, on Saturday January 20, participation. independence Day program which thanked Mr. Smith and Ms. Richard- when the Ukrainian flag was raised at The celebrations commemorating the culminated with the signing of an son for their cooperation in setting up Toronto's City Hall. A similar flag- 72nd anniversary of Ukraine's indepen– official proclamation by Secretary of the proclamation program and for their raising ceremony was held in the neigh- dence were organized by the Toronto State Jim Smith declaring January 22, informative remarks about their trip to boring community of Etobicoke and Branch of the Ukrainian Canadian 1990, as Ukrainian independence Day the Soviet Union as well as their enthu– was attended by Michael Wilson, Ca– Congress. in Florida and urging all Floridians to siastic support for a free and indepen– join in the commemoration of this dent Ukraine. important human rights date: Joseph Lesawyer, who cooperated Middletown, N.J. Secretary Smith, who had visited with Mr. Gawaluch in arranging the parts of the Soviet Union in 1989, conference invited the secretary to visit expressed deep concern about the the Ukrainian communities in the state economic status of the people whose to become more familiar with Ukrai– lives have been made miserable and nians and their progress in resettling in even unbearable by the Communist Florida. Mr. Smith, who will be running system and the present government. for re-election this fall, promised he Mr. Smith stated that he had over the would do so. All present announced years studied in and traveled through- their strong support of Mr. Smith in his out Europe but never before had he campaign. encountered such degrading circum– At the close of the conference Mr. stances as those existing in the Soviet Gawaluch, on behalf of the delegates, Union today. He expressed deep sym– presented Secretary Smith with a gift, pathy for the people there and express– an illustrated book, "History of Ukrai– ed hope for drastic changes that would nian Churches" which was published on bring reforms and a better life for those the occasion of 1,000 years of Ukrai– now in misery. Peggy Richardson, a nian Christianity celebrated in 1988. deputy Secretary of State, told about Everyone signed the book given to the her experiences in Baku, Azerbaidzhan, secretary.

Middletown, N.J., Councilwoman Amy Handlin (right) reads a proclamation declaring January 22,1990, as Ukrainian І ndependence Day. The Ukrainian residents of Monmouth County gathered at City Hall on this date to commemorate the 72nd anniversary of Ukraine's independence. Among those at the presentation were: (front row) Adrienne Roland, Christine Mischenko, Julianna Pedersen and Natalie Mischenko; (second row) Msgr. Anthony Borsa, pastor of St. Wolodymyr the Great Ukrainian Catholic Church, Marlboro, NJ., Luba Bilowchtchuk, Margaret Zakanycz, Dr. M. Zakanycz, Ann Pedersen, victoria Mischenko, Anna Krawczuk, Maria Polanskyj and Amy Handlin. The proclamation was initiated by the Holmdel-Middletown Branch 98 of the Ukrainian National Women's League of America, which hopes to make this an annual event. A notice about deadlines To be considered for publication, all news items about Ukrainian Florida Secretary of State Jim Smith, (seated left) is seen with (from right) John independence Day observances must be received by The Weekly no later than Gawaluch, Helen Olek Scott, Joseph Lesawyer and Anastasia Уоікег during Tuesday, February 20. There will be no exceptions. ceremonies marking Ukrainian independence Day. No. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990

Ukrainian independence Day commemorations - January 22, Ї990 Binghamton, N.Y. Ansonia, Conn. by Maria K. Zobniw events important to Ukrainians to about 70 people present. The flag- B1NGHAMTON, N.Y. - The raising ceremony at Binghamton City Ukrainian independence Day celebra– Hall included Ukrainian folk dances tion here is a community activity performed by Sonia Czebiniak, Chry– coordinated by the local branch of the stina Litwak, Nadia Zalusky and Oresta Ukrainian Congress Committee with Zobniw. Mayor Juanita Crabb greeted the cooperation of the two local pa– the Ukrainian community very warmly rishes: St. John's Ukrainian Orthodox and took part in the flag-raising cere– Church and Sacred Heart Ukrainian mony. Portions of the commemoration Catholic Church, it is a tradition in in Binghamton were televised on the Binghamton that the concert rotates three local ТУ stations and a large color between the church halls of the two photo of children holding Ukrainian parishes. flags was published in the Binghamton, The Ukrainian independence Day Press newspaper. celebration began in early January with Because the presence of Mr. Dey– the placement at a major expressway chakiwsky was made possible through exit of a eight-by-four-foot poster that the cooperation of the Harvard Ukrai– said, "Experience Ukraine - January nian Research institute, the organizing 22 is Ukrainian independence Day," committee made a special effort to and featured a map of Ukraine in the collect funds for HURL background. The public announce– "January 22 gives our Ukrainian ment marquee at St. John's Ukrainian community that consists of the two Orthodox Church also displayed a parishes and a number of other Ukrai– prominent "Ukrainian independence nian organizations (such as Ukrainian During Ukrainian independence Day ceremonies from left are: State Rep. vincent Day" sign. school, youth organizations, etc.) an J. Tonucci (104th District), Mayor Richard A. Grande of Derby, State Rep. Jack A Ukrainian independence Day opportunity to work together on a Betkoski (105th District), Mayor Thomas P. Clifford ill of Ansonia, Mayor commemorative evening was held at St. common important event. We gauge the Michael E. Pacowta of Shelton, Former First Selectman William J. Stakum c! John's Ukrainian Orthodox Memorial event's success by how well all seg– Oxford, State Rep. Alan Schlesinger (114th District) and Frank F. Stuban, Center on Sunday, January 21. The ments of our community get in– chairman of the day's events. program began with a salute to the volved and whether the participants are flags, and the singing of the American uplifted and informed by the activities," ANSON1A, Conn. - The 72nd called on all residents of the valley to be and Ukrainian anthems led by St. said local UCCA chairman Lubomyr anniversary of Ukrainian indepen– in sympathy with Ukrainian people, John's Ukrainian Orthodox Church Zobniw. dence Day was marked in proclama– who are struggling for their freedom Choir. Excerpts from the Fourth Uni– "Another gauge is how well we make tions and speeches by many local and and independence. versal and Act of Union were read, in January 22 known via the American state dignitaries, and by Ukrainian State Rep. vincent Tonucci (104th Ukrainian, by Ewhen Kurylo. A medley media and inform our American friends church and school leaders on Monday, District) and State Rep. Jack Betkoski of Ukrainian songs was performed by who Ukrainians are. Every avenue is January 22, in the former Court House (105th District), after a few historic St. John's Ukrainian Orthodox Church used to publicize Ukrainian indepen– in Ansonia. remarks about Ukrainian people under Choir under the direction of Melody dence Day via Tv, radio, newspaper, The ceremonies were opened by Soviet domination, presented the state Onysko. and public service announcements Frank F. Stuban of Seymour, who proclamation issued by the Connecticut The keynote address was given by Separate public service announcements greeted the invited guests, participants General Assembly. Orest Deychakiwsky, staff member of were sent out for the flag raising and for and the reporters of few local news- Mayor Richard A. Grande of Derby the U.S. Commission on Security and the commemorative concert which was papers, WADS-Radio of Ansonia and and Mayor Michael E. Pacowta of Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki Corn- open to the general public. News releases WTNH-Tv-8 of New Haven. Shelton read their proclamations and mission). Mr. Deychakiwsky reviewed were sent out and a follow-up phone call Msgr. Peter Skrincosky, pastor of Ss. delivered speeches. current events in Ukraine, the activities was made to each radio, ТУ and Peter and Paul Ukrainian Catholic Ted Musco, principal of Ss. Peter and of Rukh, and concentrated on what the newspaper, convincing them to cover Church of Ansonia, and the Rev. John Paul Ukrainian Catholic School in Ukrainian community can do in the the event and pointing out items that Kandathinkara, associate of the parish, Ansonia, noted that Soviet leaders treat United States in terms of charitable could be of interest to them. We also delivered the invocations and history the Ukrainian people harshly and hide contributions. Hecautioned not to act as believe that positive media coverage of of the Ukrainian people. the truth from the outside world. if we know more than the Ukrainian this event can help our parishes' other Mayor Thomas P. Clifford Hi of State Rep. Alan Schlesinger (114th people about what positions should be activities," he concluded. Ansonia, read his proclamation and (Continued on page 15) taken in Ukraine. A collective recitation, "Remember," was recited by the local SUM-A group. St. John's School, Newark, N.J. A collective recitation and song "Ja– nuary 22" was presented in Ukrainian by the local Plast group. The Ukrainian Folk Dancers of Sacred Heart, under the direction of Jaroslaw Bendz and instructors Martha Kit, Melissa Litwak, Renata Lewkowicz, Areta Solecky and Zoriana Zobniw, presented a program of Ukrainian dances. The program concluded with Ukrainian songs pre– sented by the Young Women's Singing Ensemble under the direction of Halyna Kurylo. Following the program a social hour took place with refreshments prepared by St. John's Ukrainian Orthodox Parish. As part of the commemoration, on Monday, January 22, there, were flag- raising ceremonies in Johnson City and Binghamton^ N.Y. At Binghamton, City Hall, the ceremony included the traditional flag raising with a short informational and cultural program. Special prayers were recited by the Rev. Myron Oryhon of St. John's Ukrainian Orthodox Church in English and by the Rev. Bohdan Kin at Sacred Heart Ukrainian Catholic Church in Ukrai– nian. To mark Ukrainian independence Day St. John's human chain held in Ukraine a day earlier to mark th Maria Zobniw, president of the local Ukrainian Catholic School in Newark, N.J., held a brief historic reunification of Ukrainian lands into on branch of the Ukrainian National assembly featuring a program put on by the students, Ukrainian National Republic. The chain wound its we Women's League, described the signifi– including a play, choir performance, recitations and around the schoolyard and then students released bit cance of Ukrainian independence Day speech. Afterwards, the students and teachers, joined and yellow helium-filled balloons in celebration of tr and gave a brief review of last year's by parents, formed a human chain in solidarity with the January 22 anniversaries. 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 No. 6

nation against the Ukrainian Catholic posed law on freedom of conscience, parish — this national molecule, this Church's new role... Church. This illustrates the need for the and its consequences for the Ukrainian segment of the body of the nation — (Continued from page 5) proposed new law on religion to specify Churches. Among the questions asked and for this reason the battle has taken inter-Church dialogue would be appro– very clearly the criteria for refusing were whether the law would guarantee on a very urgent quality." priate only where church property registration, and to allow such refusal the Ukrainian Catholic Church the He stressed the importance of pa– would be shared by Orthodox and only in highly unusual circumstances, same rights as the Russian Orthodox rishes remaining vital institutions in Catholic congregations. he added. Church, and whether the Ukrainian order to retain the loyalty of their ІИ response to another question A member of the audience pointed Catholic Church hierarchy had been youthful members, lest the links be– atoqpt various Soviet sources reporting out that the Russian Orthodox Church invited by the Soviets to offer their tween the older and younger genera– thef'seizures" of church properties by is waging a campaign in the U.S. to input into the drafting of the law. tions begin to dissolve. He also pointed Ukrainian Catholics, Mr. Sorokowski consolidate its hold in various Ortho– Mr. Sorokowski said he believes that out that recently the "human chains" pofflted out the Moscow Patriarchate's dox communities, and is building none of the proposed drafts of the law were so easy to organize in western lotfg-standing position that legalization legitimacy in several interdenomina– are satisfactory and offered what he Ukraine and in Lithuania precisely of the Ukrainian Catholic Church tional religious organizations, including regards as the essential ingredients of because of the presence there of strong would inflame nationalist passions and the National Council of Churches and the new law. parishes that brought out entire com– lead to violence. "Once legalization was the World Council of Churches, it is "Registration should constitute mere– munities, from the oldest members a near certainty, the Patriarchate began even attempting to displace the Ukrai– ly state recognition of an existing down to the youngest children. to fulfill its prophecy' by creating the nian Catholic Church by creating the religious group, rather than a prior state Following the presentation, Mr. false image of rabid Ukrainian Catho– image of itself as currently being "the approval of that group as a pre-requisite Sverstiuk continued to share his Hes throwing others out of churches," he most "persecuted religious body in the for its existence. Authorities should be thoughts on a wide range of subjects said. USSR." This individual stressed the required to register religious associa– with numerous individuals. importance of Ukrainian Church hie– tions as long as they meet liberally Prior to the beginning of the event, Parishes without parishioners rarchs' counteracting this activity. defined criteria, and refusal of registra– there was an opportunity for Messrs. Mr: Sorokowski agreed, urging the tion should be permitted only on the Sorokowski, Sverstiuk and Rosenbaum One individual asked whether the laity to keep their hierarchs appraised of basis of specific, narrowly defined to meet privately to informally discuss mechanisms of the law on registration this and other similar situations, so as to criteria. The Church should be recog– various aspects of the proposed new law of parishes was not being manipulated make fhe maximum amount of useful nized as a public organization with full on freedom of conscience, views were by the Soviet government working in information available for purposes of legal rights, and a mechanism should be exchanged and positions on crucial tandem with the Russian Orthodox effective decision making. set up for the Church anchor religious Church issues were clearly stated on Church against the Ukrainian Catholic Questions were posed about how the associations to obtain ownership of both sides. Church. According to this discussant, Ukrainian Catholic Church hierarchy is church property," he said. numerous Ukrainian Catholic believers welcoming and retraining the priests Mr. Sorokowski also pointed out is new law needed? had been thwarted for years in their who are coming out of the under- that pressure might be brought to bear attempt to obtain use of church pro– ground Church, and whether it is through international human rights in informal discussions during re– perty for worship, but in 1988 and as planning new forms of ministry for the forums to facilitate Ukrainian Catholic freshments, attendees continued to late as November 1989 (possibly in future. One person also speculated on Church input into the proposed new debate on many issues late into the anticipation of legalization of the whether eventual freedom of the law. He also added that "insofar as what evening. Several people wondered why Ukrainian Catholic Church), several Churches in Ukraine would put pres– is at issue is not merely legalization of the new freedom of conscience law was thousand churches were registered with sure on the vatican to allow a married the Ukrainian Catholic Church through needed at all, since freedom of con- the authorities in western Ukraine as priesthood in the U.S., sinceitexists in registration, but full religious liberty," science^ religion is already guaranteed Russian Orthodox "parishes,"even Ukraine. concerned individuals and governments in the current Soviet Constitution, and though they contained few, if any, should monitor and respond to the speculated on whether the new law parishioners. Law on freedom of conscience Soviet authorities' registration proce– would create more problems than it Mr. Sorokowski said that this was dures; to government steps to resolve would solve. not a case of failure of the law, per se, Perhaps the greatest attention during the restitution of church property; to Others pointed to the apparent ano– bill an example of a policy of discrimi– the evening was focused on the pro– the procedure for creating the new maly of the Soviet government sending Soviet law on freedom of conscience out its emissaries to investigate the legal and its implementation with regard to codes of various countries in order to the Ukrainian Catholic Church; and to help it govern its citizjens more equitably the fulfillment of international human while at the same time refraining from a rights guarantees of freedom of con- simple invitation to the hierarchs of the science with regard to the Ukrainian long-disenfranchised Ukrainian Catholic Church. СВІТОВА ФЕДЕРАЦІЯ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ Churches to confer on a draft of the new law on freedom of conscience which will ЛІКАРСЬКИХ ТОВАРИСТВ The last group of questions about the proposed drafts law was especially govern millions of Ukrainian Chris– Чикаґо, Ілл., ЗСА apropos, in light of the presence at the tians. Оцим подаємо до відома evening event of a Soviet jurist, Mr. Rosenbaum. , One of the most notable aspects of the ВСІМ УЧАСНИКАМ evening's lecture and discussion was the While Mr. Rosenbaum did not parti– ill НАУКОВОГО КОНГРЕСУ СФУЛТ, unstated but obvious assumption that cipate in the program, he answered cooperation between the Ukrainian який відбудеться questions during the refreshment period Catholic Church and the Ukrainian that followed the presentation. в Києві і у Львові в серпні 1990 року, Autocephalous Orthodox Church would be an important element to help both що цілу реєстрацію проводить тільки Управа Yevhen Sverstiuk speaks Churches withstand the trials ahead. The sentiment that seemed to prevail СФУЛТ в Чикаґо, Ілл. або нами законтрактова- An unexpected highlight of the even– was that it would be a disservice to the не бюро подорожей „Сковп Травел" Інк., ing for many of the attendees was the Ukrainian nation to expend energy on presence in the audience of Mr. Svers– any Ukrainian Catholic vs. Ukrainian у Мейплвуд, Н. Дж. tiuk. in a brief commentary following Orthodox conflicts, real or imagined, Mr. Sorokowski's presentation, Mr. and in this group, no one did. Sverstiuk emphasized the importance of preserving each and every parish. it was apparent by evening's end that "Today there is a battle going on for the the combination of Mr. Sorokowski's renewal of our national Church, in the expertise and the audience's intense form of a battle for the renewal of the interest in current Ukrainian Church affairs had contributed to a cross- WORLD FEDERATlON OF UKRAlNlAN FOR THE OLD COUNTRY fertilization of ideas and generated new Church brocades and trims, vestments or by insights, it was agreed that this will be MEDICAL ASSOCIATIONS the yard. For samples write or call. Sony we only speak English. very useful to individuals and institu– Chicago, ill., U.S.A. AMERICAN CHURCH SUPPLY tions who are monitoring the ongoing We are hereby advising 945 S. Batavia Ave., Geneva, ill. 60134 developments in the religious sphere in (708)2328384 PARTICIPANTS Ukraine. OF THE ill WORLD MEDlCAL CONGRESS SKIN JACOB to be held in Kiev and Lviv August 1990 that DISEASES SKIN CANCER BARAL,M.D. registrations are being processed only by WFUMA American Dermatology World Headquarters in Chicago or our sole VENEREAL Center appointed agent: Scope Travel, inc., DISEASES (212)2471700 Maplewood, NJ. 210 Central Park South HAIR LOSS New York, N.Y. , -.Qr, Myro^law Kolenskyj COLLAGEN INJECTIONS ,. , (bet. B'wayfc 7th Aver) -Open on Saturday Dr. Achille Chreptowsky vice-President Dr. Paul Pundy ' arid Medicare Accepted By Apot. Only Secretary President Congress Coordinator WRINKLE TREATMENTS Find us fast in the NYNEX Yellow Pages No. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY її, 1990 13

to a major spiritual crisis in Western ciety or from the diaspora. There are answer to today's religious movements? The role... society, in today's ideological vacuum, countless individuals in Ukraine who in today's proliferation of experimental (Continued from page 6) the Church has an opportunity to are seriously seeking religious truth, but lifestyles, will Eastern monasticism nians has been transformed by the present its alternative. who will not feel compelled to seek it in again find its place as alternative and experience of persecution. The ideologi– This alternative must address the the Ukrainian Catholic or Orthodox or example for the laity? Shall our cal attack of militant atheism has lackings of both East and West. As one Evangelical Baptist Church. Churches succeed in developing a tempered their faith and forced them to American Catholic thinker recently Of course, our Churches cannot modern theology? pointed out, the ideology of liberal change their message to attract be– define their philosophical position more The latter presents a serious problem. democracy and the free market is in lievers. But the problem is not in the clearly. As Archimandrite Husar commented in "This," he writes, "points to the fundamental conflict with the nature of message. At the same time, mere re- 4 a recent article, today due to the maturity of the religious believer. We at least the Catholic Church. Once the packaging will not suffice. What is mentality of the West penetrates the absorption of our clergy in parish work Ukrainians are a religious people, but needed is a thorough reinterpretation of the Ukrainian Catholic Church does East - and it is proceeding apace - the our religiosity was often rather senti– eternal truths, their translation into a not have a single active serious theolo– Soviet intelligentsia will be faced with a mental. The crucible of suffering and language comprehensible to today's gian. This deprives the Church of both persecution has forced the believers to crisis of values. Soviet Ukrainians, indeed, an analo– the internal theological guidance re- comprehend their faith so that, as the The contradiction between commu– gous step would not be amiss in our quired for both clergy and believers, Holy Apostle Peter teaches, they 'may nism and Christianity is obvious, but diaspora. and the external credibility it needs in be able to explain the basis of their faith' how to deal with the conflict between This will require great energy and 6 2 the world religious community. Yet in (see 1 Peter 3:1 б)." Western consumerism, individualism imagination on the part of our the marketplace of ideas opening up in We may thus ask whether some of our and permissiveness on the one hand, Churches. But they have risen to similar the East, a modern theology which fellow-believers in Ukraine have not and Christian values on the other? And challenges in the past, in the 17th speaks to the educated elite as well as outstripped us in terms of religious will Christianity arouse much interest if century the Ukrainian Orthodox the masses, will be a condition of our maturity. To some extent our Churches it continues to be seen in terms of dull, Church did not shrink from the challenge Churches' survival. in the diaspora have remained what conservative ecclesiastical stereotypes of militant Polish Catholicism, hiding they were before the emigration. Our rather than as the radical transforma– from the intellectual and cultural a– The Church's role as a bearer of piety remains more emotional, aesthetic tion of each individual and of life itself? chievements of the Counter-Reforma– Christian culture and a catalyst for and ritualistic than intellectual, practi– These are problems which we will share tion. it had the boldness and imagina– secular culture is related to its role as cal, philosophical - or even compre– with our brothers and sisters in U– tion to adapt Western European culture nation-builder. Just as the development hensible. Our Churches will have to be kraine. They are questions which the to Orthodox beliefs, to transform the of a native ecclesiastical culture in the prepared to serve a different kind of Ukrainian Churches will have to ad- cultural forms associated with Latin later 16th and early 17th centuries laid believer once they return to Ukraine. dress — clearly, intelligently, con– Catholicism into some of the most the foundation of the Kozak common- in terms of social status, this believer vincingly. lasting monuments of Ukrainian Ortho- wealth after 1648, and as the revival of may be different from his or her pre– in an article that appeared in the doxy. Ukrainian language and literature in the decessors - though not so different italian daily "La Repubblica" several This kind of cultural and intellectual 19th century set the stage for the from us. in a survey taken at the end of weeks before Mikhail Gorbachev's visit, daring is what we need today, as the independent Ukrainian republic of last year by the USSR Academy of it was pointed out that one of the Church is faced with the challenge of 1918, so today the Church can foster the Sciences and reported by Novosti, 56 consequences of the secularization of transforming its traditional forms of culture and educational groundwork percent of the persons interviewed in society, where the Church becomes expression into radically new forms which must underlie any stable, viable Lviv favored legalization of the more and more detached from the state, intelligible to the modern individual, Ukrainian state.7 Ukrainian Catholic Church, and only is that religion becomes transformed, both Soviet and Western and, indeed, 18 percent opposed it. But of the rural basing itself no longer on society but on post-Soviet and post–Western. 2. introduction, "Martyrolohia Ukram population interviewed, only 34 percent the individual. Another consequence is A graphic example of the difficulty of skykh Tserkov," vol. 11. Toronto-Balti– supported legalization, while 32 percent that Churches must compete for the this kind of cultural transformation is more, 1985, pp. 18-19. opposed it. The survey also revealed that allegiance of the individual in the church architecture. Too often our 3. "Maggiornanza in Ucraina per Legaliz most numerous among those favoring "marketplace" of religious groups, in churches in the diaspora represent a zazione Uniati." AG1 (Roma), January 4, legalization were intellectuals, students this "marketplace" various religious slavish imitation of the Kozak Baroque 1990. and youth.3 movements both within and without the that in its time was such a bold inno– 4. 'The Crumbling of Communism: Good These data overturn the common- traditional Churches (Comunione e vation; too often all we can come up for the Catholic Church?" (editorial). The place assumption that, as in pre-Soviet Liberazione, Opus Dei, and so on), have with is a tepid adaptation of traditional New Oxford Review, January-Februarv 1990, 2-3. days, the strength of the Ukrainian proved themselves especially "competi– forms to contemporary style. Few of tive." 5. Gianni Baget Bozzo, "1 Consumatori Catholic Church lies in the countryside. our churches exhibit a thorough reinter– della Religione." La Repubblica, October 21 This is bad news in that it testifies to the Those which offer the individual a pretation of those traditions in a mo– 1989. decline of religious consciousness in the quick and easily solution to his spiritual dern idiom. Yet this kind of leap into the 6. Arkhymandryt Liubomyr, "Chomn Ukrainian village; it is good news problems are the most successful. This future, conserving the spirit of the past Monakhy Studyty Pokydayut' Parafiyu v inasmuch as it is what happens in the poses a problem for the traditional yet embracing the ceaseless novelty of Passeiku." Svoboda, June 8, 1989. cities that determines the course of Churches. "Not everything is bright," life, is essential to a living architecture, a 7. See Frank Sysyn, "Relihiyna Kultura ta history in our times. At the same time, the author continues, "in the great vital culture, a thriving Church. Natsia na Ukraini ХУІІ st. v Ukrainskiy this poses a challenge for a legalized opportunity offered by the post-com– Pravoslavniy Dumtsi XX-ho st." Suchas– Of course, the challenge of propelling nist, No. 1 (333), January 1989, pp. 50-52. Ukrainian Catholic Church, its mes– munist East," for the religious market- our cultural and religious traditions sage must convince not just the (largely place is even more active where the into the future raises more questions mythical) naive and sentimental pea– traditional Churches have been weak– ANNUAL MEET1NG 5 than one can begin to answer. Will the sant of yesteryear, but the well-edu– ened by decades of communist rule. Ukrainian church brotherhood be our St. John the Baptist Society, Branch 230 of the cated, sophisticated, questioning urban Thus in Ukraine, our Churches will Ukrainian National Association is going to have intellectual of today. have to become competitive - to І HUCULKA І their ANNUAL MEET1NG. it will be held at 4:00 respond to the needs of a society far Fortunately, the time may be ripe for icon 8c Souvenir's Distribution p.m. on Saturday, February 17,1990, St. Anne's different from pre-war Ukrainian so– 2860 Buhre Ave. Suite 2R the Church to speak to the city, it is Ukrainian Catholic Church, 4310 Kirk Rd.f Bronx, NY 10461 Austintown, Ohio. All members are urged to attend fashionable for urban intellectuals to Forestburg - Glen Spey, N.Y. REPRESEmATl^ondWHOLESALERc^EMBROlDEREDBLDUSEsl speak of the end of history - or at least for ADULTS and CH1LDREN for business pertaining the coming convention of the end of political ideologies. COTTAGE Tel. (212) 931-1579 and local matters. - Annabela Borovitchy. Liberal democracy is triumphing in much of the world, Marxism is dead, with 50 ft of lake front, 2 bedrooms, living and - so the story goes - Western room, new eat-in-kitchen, remodeled bath- The Board of Directors society has reached virtual perfection. room. 16 ft x 16 ft t new roofed porch. of the Ukrainian Educational and Cultural Center Of course, one can easily dispute this. Owner asking 175,000. in Philadelphia, Pa. Political ideologies have played them– (914) 6382181 selves out as universal answers to our problems, but the problems —ethical cordially invites everyone to its and philosophical - remain. The HURYN MEMOR1ALS enormous drug problem surely points FOR THE F1NEST 1N. CUSTOM MADE MEMORIALS INSTALLED IN ALL CEME– S1NCE 1928 TERIES IN THE METROPOLITAN AREA 10th ANNIVERSARY BANQUET SENKO FUNERAL HOMES of New York including Holy Spirit in H^mptonburgh, N.Y., St. Andrew's in South to be held New York's only Ukrainian family owned 4 Bound Brook, Pine Bush Cemetery in operated funeral homes Kerhonkson and Glen Spey Cemetery ^ Traditional Ukrainian services personally in Glen Spey. New York. Saturday, February, 24th 1990 at 700 Cedar Rd., Philadelphia, Pa. conducted We offer personal service 8, guidance in your ^ Funerals arranged throughout Bklyn, Bronx, home. For a bilingual representatives call: New York, Queens, Long island, etc. The gala's program will include a special tribute to 1WAN HURYN ^ Holy Spirit, St. Andrews Cem. 6 all others P O. Box 121 international shipping e Pre-need arrangements Hamptonburgh, N.Y. 10916 Dr. Alexander Chernyk, Tel.: (914) 427-2684 Senko Funeral Home Hempstead Funeral Home BOHDAN REKSHYNSKYJ its first president 213 Bedford Ave. 89 Peninsula Blvd. 45 East 7th Street Brooklyn. N.Y. 11211 Hempstead, N.Y. 11553 New York. N.Y. 10003 Cocktail Reception 6 p.m. Banquet 7:30 p.m. 1718-3884416 1-516-481-7460 Tel.: (212) 477-6523 Donation: 350.00 per person For further information call: (215) 663-1166 24 HOURS 7 DAYS A WEEK 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 No. 6

Tribute... The art of... СВЯТОСЛАВ (Continued from page 9) (Continued from page 8) coins and books, for which he had an ГОРДИНСЬКИЙ appetite often described as voracious. "it was his attention to detail that made ара him capture beauty in his art," reminisced Ms. Liskiwsky . He was quite fascinated with gadgets, mechanisms and often he was able to capture that detail in his art. "Why, even his beetles were kinds of icons," she added. Petro Cholodny will be remembered in the annals of history as a Ukrainian patriot, Portrait who was я standard bearer in the 1 Jkrainian National Army, as an artist^ iconographer of a and as a member of the Ukrainian Academy Great of Sciences in the United States. Many people will remember him as the American master who created the spiritual symbol investor they pray to in church every Sunday, and those who were fortunate enough to count ' СУЧАСНІСТЬ' him as their friend will remember him as a spiritual man, a generous human being, a good listener with a grand sense of humor, a The cover of Sviatoslav Hordynskys lover of nature and all of God's creatures. newest collection of poetry, Suchasnist, "Petro Cholodny was not afraid to die, for Self-Portrait, (1929). 1989. u.s. SAVINGS BONDS 1 this to him represented a return to nature," from Mr. Hordynsky's poetry written between the years 1933 and 1961. 1-800-US– BONDS said Mr. Onyshkewych. Pet^ro Cholodny has However, Mr. Hordynsky's work was publicly and officially acknowledged by completed the circle. і the city of his youth, when this past July in Lviv the Museum of Ethnography and Decorative Arts held an exhibit of works by Mr. Hordynsky. The art show, sponsored by the Ukrainian Cultural Fund and M.T. Rylsky institute of Art, Folklore and Ethnography, also produced a catalogue listing 230 works by the artist, including those destroyed in 1952. The organizers of the show, vasyl Otkovych and Roman Yaciv, were able to collect 52 oil paintings, 61 watercolors and numerous graphics, book covers, posters and ex libris from private collections in Lviv for exhibit. Although Mr. Hordynsky found out about this exhibit only after its opening, and only because tourists from the United States chanced upon the show, it gives him satisfaction that the work of the Association of Ukrainian independent Artists has survived and has been restored to its rightful place. in an interview with Svoboda, Mr. Hordynsky said that in the era of the Association of independent Ukrainian Artists, the artists understood that it was not enough to Ukrainianize styles of international art, but conversely, to be able to create Ukrainian art that would become international art. And although Mr. Hordynsky has not yet had the pleasure to travel to an exhibit of his works in Ukraine, he has kept himself busy, most recently releasing a colection of his works titled: "Poetry: Original Works and Poems in Translation." Published by Suchasnist, the 447-page work is a selection of Mr. Hordynsky's earlier works, featuring 15 cycles of poems and numerous translations from the works of such masters as victor Hugo, William Shakespeare, Edgar Allan Poe, Walt Whitman, Johann Wolfgang Goethe and Francois villon. The book, available from Suchasnist, 744 Broad St,Suite 1H5, Newark, N.J. 07102, (201) 622-0545 for"S2S;is ittustrated,^itn photos of the poet-artist as well as covers of his previous collections. GOVERNMENT SEIZED VEHICLES The UNA: from SlOO. Fords. Mercedes. Corvettes. Chevys. Surplus. 95 years Buyers Guide (1) 805-687-6000 U.S.A. - CANADA TOUR 1990 Ext. S.-2929. of service

HARTFORD, CT. - THURSDAY, FEB. 15 - 7:30 p.m. Bulkeley H.S. Auditorium, 300 Whethersfield Avenue Tickets: Hartford - SUMA CO-OP, Tel.: (203) 246-6955 Notice to publishers and authors New Haven - Christine Melnyk, Tel.: (209) 397-208? New Britain - Ukrainian Cultural Club, Tel.:(203) 223-9829 it is The Ukrainian Weekly's policy to run news items and 1 or reviews PASSAIC, N.J. - FRIDAY, FEB. ie - 8:oo p.m. of newly published books, booklets and reprints, as well as records and premiere issues of periodicals, only after receipt by the editorial Senior H.S. Auditorium; Passaic 8. Paulson Avenue offices of a copy of the material in question. UN10N, N.J. - SATURDAY, FEB. 17 - 8:00 p.m. News items sent without a copy of the new release will not be Bumet H.S. Auditorium, CaWwell Avenue 8, Morris Avenue published. NEW YORK, N.Y. - SUNDAY. FEB. 18 - 2:30 8. 7:00 p.m. Send new releases and information (where publication may be pur- Washington lrving H.S. Auditorium, 40 lrving Pi. chased, cost, etc.) to: The Editor, The Ukrainian Weekly, 30 Montgo– Tickets: Surma, 11 E. 7th-Si, Tel.: (212) 477-0729 merySt, Jersey City, N.J. 07302. : KERHONKSON, N.Y. - FEB. 20 - 7:30 p.m. Soyurivka Tickets; Те!.: (914)62^-5641 TORGSYN ТОРГСИН TORGSYN SO. BOUND BROOM, NJt - WEDNESDAY. FEB. 21 - 7:30 p.m. 5542 Geary Blvd., San ftancisto, CA 94121 (іідозмвдгяо Ukrainian Cultural CwMtv, 135 OavMaan Avenue No. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNOAY, FEBRUARY n, 1990 15

Over 35 representatives of the Ukrai– electoral law. Ansonia... nian community, local and state offi– violations... Large meetings and demonstrations (Continued from page 11) cials joined in singing the American and (Continued from page 1) were reported in other Ukrainian cities, District) expressed his admiration for Ukrainian national anthems at the flag- as well, the UPA said. Meanwhile in Chernivtsi 5,000 people in vinnytsia members of the informal the strength of the Ukrainian people, raising ceremonies, and in prayers joined members of the Popular Move– and noted "let us tell our fellow Ameri– during the placing of a wreath for all organizations Rukh, the Ukrainian ment of Ukraine for Perebudova Helsinki Union (UHU) and the Asso– can citizens, senators, congressmen, Ukrainian victims of Soviet domina– (Rukh), the Ukrainian Helsinki Union governor and the press that the plight of tion by a monument in front of City ciation of independent Ukrainian and other unofficial organizations to Youth (SNUM) were reported to have Ukraine is and should be their concern Hall in Ansonia. protest gross violations of the elections as well." staged a demonstration on January 22 law by electoral commissions. The to protest the electoral commission's Mr. Stuban, chairman of the day's Following the ceremonies, a recep– commission was reported to have re- events, gave a broad summary of the tion was held in the mayor's chamber, decision not to register Leonid Brov– fused to register even a single member chenko in district No. 24. historic events that occurred in Ukraine sponsored by the Holy Name Society from the Democratic Bloc, an alliance The militia tried to break up the under the Soviet occupation in the past and parish organizations of Ss. Peter of democratic forces campaigning for demonstration with truncheons as a seven decades, especially during the and Paul Ukrainian Catholic Church in seats in the Ukrainian parliament, the result of which several people suffered 1932-1933 Kremlin-made great famir– Ansonia. UPA reported. serious injuries. However, the demon– The refusal to register a candidate were: Sens. Frank Lautenberg(D-N.J,), stration continued and the militia put forward by the regional branch of and Reps. James Bilbray (D-Nev.), released several people who had earlier Capitol Hill... the Ukrainian Language Society has Christopher Cox (R-Calif.), Dean been detained. Several days later some (Continued from page 3) prompted the newspaper Uteraturna Gallo (R-N.J.), Benjamin Gilman (R– of the organizers had been expelled Ukraina to publish three letters of bringing results and now we must do all N.Y.), Bill Green (R-N.Y.), Donald from work and fined. Serhiy Chaplihin complaint. The candidate, Petro Osad– we can to move the winds of freedom Lukens (R-Ohio) and James Walsh (R– was fined 300 rubles (an average mcnth– chuk, who was representing electoral in Eastern Europe into the Soviet N.Y.). Numerous Congressional staffers ly wage) and dismissed from work. district No. 207, was turned down on Union." He expressed respect and ad- also were present. in Ternopil oblast on January 24, 25 miration for the Ukrainian community the basis that the regional conference of and 26, 10,000 people demanded the and pledged continuing support" as we Mr. Nesterczuk ended the program the Ukrainian Language Society, that by expressing hope that perhaps next registration of Levko Horokhivsky, continue to strive for the freedom to had nominated him, was declared head of the Ternopil UHU. which all people are entitled." year, we will see the blue and yellow invalid by the electoral commission. national flag of Ukraine flying over in ivano-Frankivske a series of in Kiev the officially registered Rep. Me! Hancock (R-Mo.) also Kiev and the bells of St. Sophia ringing public meetings on January 25, 26 and ecological organization Zelenyi Svit has greeted the reception participants. out in celebration of the liberation of 27 organized by Rukh paid off. An complained that none of its candidates Also in attendance at the reception Ukraine. order was issued to register all democra– has been registered. On January 27, tic candidates and a demand by the members of the organization staged a demonstrators to return the local cathc– SCHOLARSHIP FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS 3,000-strong unsanctioned meeting dral to the Ukrainian Catholic Church protesting this gross violation of the also was granted. AND SCHOLARS The Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences announces that the Scholarship in the The Ukrainian American Professionals and Business Persons name of Professor ANTON STEPANOYYCH SYN1AWSKY for the academic year 1990-91 of Association of New York and New Jersey Si,500 each are available for two qualified students or scholars whose doctoral or scholarly work is in the area of Ukrainian Studies (history, economics, language or literature). cordially invites you to a screening of Recipients must acknowledge the financial support of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences Prof. Anton Stepanovych SYN1AWSKY Scholarship in their dissertations or scholarly works. "M1CROFO N" Other scholarships or grants do not prevent applicants from receiving this scholarship. Applicants must seruk A CONTROVERSIAL SOVIET UKRAINIAN DOCUMENTARY 1. Autobiography ON THE AFTER EFFECTS OF THE CHERNOBYL D1SASTER 2. Copy of University degree 3. Recommendations from two Professors who know well applicant' work. Friday, February 16, 1990 Screening at 7:30 p.m. The Selection will be made on March 20, 1990. Ramada inn Cash Bar 7:00 p.m. Applications should be sent to: Route 10 Prof. Wasyl Omelchenko Donation $5 East Hanover, New Jersey Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences Students no charge 206 West 100 Street ADDITIONAL VIDEO FOOTAGE OF RECENT EVENTS IN UKRAINE New York, NY. 10025 WILL ALSO BE SCREENED.

PERTH AMBOY, NJ. D1STR1CT COMM1TTEE of the BRAVO INTERNATIONAL UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION announces that Cultural ш Professional ш independent Tours ANNUAL D1STR1CT C0MM1TTEE MEET1NG will be held Saturday, March 3, 1990 at 2:00 p.m. Ukraine - Kiev ^ Lviv - August 3-17, 1990 at St. Michael's Church Half South 3rd Avenue, Manville, NJ. 08835 WORLD FEDERATlON OF UKRASN1AN MED1CAL ASSOC1ATS01MS Obligated to attend the annual meeting as voting members are District Committee Officers, Convention Delegates and two delegates from the following Branches: in cooperation with 26, 104, 155, 168,209,294, 312, 332,342,349, 353,372 Bravo international - Marta Fedoriw, president г All UNA members are welcome as.guests a-t the meeting. . , invites Members, Families and Friends to fom us for the - -' "AGENDA: ' ' ' ' "' '"" ' ,J...0jrjening'ar1^ acceptance of the Agenda ' .„ ' . " "" ? Ml SClENTlFiC CONGRESS 2. YeriticatiQn of quorum ^ : t к -,л -,л - -.– , 3.'Election of presidium " ' ^ ' '^ ( ^ r ^'CMinutes of preceding^nnual meeting A, ; in UKRAINE : л - 5.^Reports, of District Commiftee' Officers - ; ^ jt ,,. 6. Discusskirfon i;eporis and their acceptance ^ ч t -^ 7. Election of District Committee Officers ' ;' . - - All inclusive pkg: to Kfev antf Lviv– UfraJhe --;August 3-17, 1990^ ' - - - 8. Adtfress by -Supreme -TreasurerUtANA M: DlACHOK 1. ^r - Л^ ! г ^S^AUQR^^^District activities program fox ttie cjirrept year ^ ч t, -?v , Aslowas S25OO0O

lB^k^ssbii and Resolut^ns ^: x ^ ^ "^ . : v K 'v?.jffi^- ' '-"^ -.^; ч "– -'---- „ -" it А^рдепі. - " І, , , ' For further information call or write-r ІЧь'ус Meeting will be attended bf. deadline for registering - February 28, 1990 Ulana W. Diachuk, UNA Supreme Treasurer DISTRICT COMMITTEE MARTA FEDOR1W - President Michael Zacharko, Chairman -Soua XoniysfevsM -Secretary - - Sofafr ВаЬу^лТгеазиге!1 - ,. ,w„ ^ l^J^lwd,Goud^M^tiewrvBA^U)^ ДОЛЛ - - - (215)437-4815 " FAX (215) 437-6982 я Toll ї-'гее l-(800) 526-1195 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNOAY, FEBRUARY iif 1990 No. 6

February 15 Tickets will be available at the door PREVIEW OF EVENTS one hour before the performance. HARTFORD, Conn.: The well- For more information call The Tri– known Marenych Trio together with Manor Junior College's Continuing Marenych Trio from Ukraine at 2:30 dent Group, (216) 521-2050. one of Ukraine's leading composers, Education Department, 1 to 4 p.m. and at 7 p.m. in the Washington Olexander Zlotnyk, will perform in on two consecutive Saturdays. The irving High School auditorium, 40 February 24 concert at 7:30 p.m. at Bulkeley High workshop will be taught by Anna irving Place. Tickets may be pur- School auditorium, 300 Wethersfield Halamay, Manor's Ukrainian Heri– chased at Surma, 11 E. Seventh St., SCRANTON, Pa.: The Pennsylva– Ave. Tickets may be obtained from tage Studies Center master crafts- (212) 477-0729. nia Anthracite Heritage Museum the Hartford SUM-A Co-op, (203) man from Philadelphia. The fee for and iron Furnaces Associates will 246-6955, Christine Melnyk in New the workshop is S35 with a S5 fee for February 20 host an Easter egg or pysanka de– Haven, (203) 397-2087, or the Ukrai– materials. For more information call corating class, 9:30 a.m.to 12:30 (215) 884-2218. nian Cultural Club in New Britain, KERHONKSON, N.Y.: The Ma– p.m., McDade Park. The course fee (203)223-9829. The group's first renych Trio from Ukraine will per– is S10 for members, S15 for non- North American concert tour is BLOOM1NGDALE, DL: St. An– form in concert at 7:30 p.m. at the members, and includes all necessary being sponsored by The Trident drew's Ukrainian Orthodox Church Ukrainian National Association materials. For more information call Group of Lakewood, Ohio. invites the public to its annual St. resort Soyuzivka, Foordemoore (717)963-4804. Reservations are valentine's Day dance with a special Road. For tickets call (914) 626- necessary. February 16 attraction, "An Evening of Humor 5641. and Song," performed by Hannaand Zinoviy Marynets at 8 p.m. in the PH1LADELPH1A: The Ukrainian PASSA1C, N.J.: The Marenych Trio February 21 Educational and Cultural Center will will perform in concert at 8 p.m. in parish hall, 300 E. Army Trail Road. Guests from Ukraine will be ad– mark its first decade with a 10th the Senior High School Auditorium, anniversary banquet open to the Passaic and Paulsen avenues. For mitted free. Donations of S10 are SCRANTON, Пі.: The Pennsylva– suggested. Proceeds will go toward nia Anthracite Heritage Museum public. During the festivities a special more information call The Trident tribute will be paid to Dr. Alexander Group,(2!6) 521-2050. the church building fund. and iron Furnaces will host a class in traditional pysanky - Easter egg- Chernyk, the UECCs first president and one of its founders. The gala will February 17 PASSA1C, N.J.: The Ukrainian decorating, 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. American Youth Association (SUM– Materials are included in the course begin with a 6 p.m. cocktail hour and video presentation in the gallery, 700 NEW YORK: The public is invited to A) will sponsor a St. valentine's Day fee: S10 for members, 515 for non- dance at 9 p.m. in the Ukrainian members. Reservations are necessary Cedar Road, followed at 7:30 p.m. by attend the opening of an exhibition a banquet and program in the main of art works by the late Уаіегіу Center, 240 Hope Ave. Live music and may be made by calling (717) 963-4804. The museum is located in hall. A donation of S50 is suggested. Hnatenko at 5 p.m. at The Ukrainian will be provided by the Charivni Ochi orchestra. For table reservations or McDade Park. For more information call (215) 663- Museum, 203 Second Ave. For more 1166. information call (212) 228-0110. more information call (201) 772- 3344. SOUTH BOUND BROOK, N.J.: SPR1NG vALLEY, N.Y.: The u– The Trident Group will sponsor a SASKATOON, Sask.: Mike and krainian American veterans of Post UN10N, N.J.: The Marenych Trio concert featuring the Marenych Trio Mary Boychuk will be honored at a 19 will sponsor a valentine's Day will perform in concert at 8 p.m. in from Ukraine at 7:30 p.m. in the testimonial banquet sponsored by buffet and dance, beginning at 7 the Burnet High School auditorium, Ukrainian Cultural Center, 135 the Ukrainian Museum of Canada at p.m., at the Ukrainian Hall, 16 Twin Cald well and Morris avenues. Tickets Davidson Ave. For tickets call the 6 p.m. at the Ukrainian Orthodox Ave. A donation of S15 per person is will be sold at the door one hour Rev. ivan Lyezyk, (201) 356-0090. Auditorium, 919 20th St. W. Tickets requested. For tickets and more before the performance. For more are available from the museum at S15 information call Teddy Dusanenko, information call The Trident Group, for adults, 510 for children age 15 (914)634-5502. (216) 521-2050. February 22 and under. The Boychuks will be honored for a lifetime of dedicated JENK1NTOWN, Pa.: "Ukrainian February 18 YONKERS, N.Y.: The Marenych service to the Ukrainian community, Beadweaving," a workshop designed Trio from Ukraine will perform in particularly toward the museum. For to teach the creative craft of hand NEW YORK: The Trident Group concert at 7:30 p.m. in the Ukrainian more information call the museum, beadweaving will be offered by will sponsor two concerts by the Cultural Center, 301 Palisade Ave. (306) 244-3800. Comparative,.. the Soviet Union in 1989, using our standardized checklist for political and SELF RELlANGt U;0.) FEDERAL CRED1T UN!ON (Continued from page 7) civil liberties applied to all the countries, Main Office: 558 Summit Avenue, Jersey City, N.J. 07306 economy arid a bloated, ossified bu– the survey places the USSR in category Branch Office: 981^ South Broad Street, Trenton, N.J. 08604 reaucracy. Economic gain is often 6 for political rights and category 5 for linked to CPSU membership, cronyism civil liberties. The country has a com– ANNUAL MEMBERiHlP MEET!NG and ties to the nomenklatura, although bined raw score of 13, two points short corruption seems somewhat less perva– of the 15 needed to classify it in the will beheld sive under Gorbachev. "partly free" category. on February 25, 1990 at 3:00 p.m. While Freedom House recognizes the it is clearly a country in transition, at the important changes that took place in but is as yet "not free." Ukrainian National Home, 90-96 Fleet street Jersey City, N.J. ALL MEMBERS ARE C0RD1ALLY 1NWTED. particular, from Ukraine. As well, no BOARD OF DlRECYORS Canadian... official request had been received by the (Continued from page 4) Canadian government from the Ukrai– Chernobyl nuclear disaster. These are nian Canadian community. important initiatives which have the Therefore, if Ukrainians recognize backing, both moral and financial, of the Chernobyl and Chernivtsi disasters the Ukrainian communities in North as global problems, Ukrainians must СОЮЗІЄКА America. ask their respective governments However, the participants of the through their elected representatives, to lecture by Ms. Andreychuk became provide aid to Ukraine. Just as impor– SOYUZIVKA painfully aware that the international tantly, authorities in Ukraine must be community is not informed about the encouraged to treat the disasters in Ukrainian communities' initiatives, nor Ukraine as global problems and to are there any international or national make Western governments, the United government actions planned in support Nations and international agencies, ATTENTION SKIERS! of ^hese initiatives. aware of the problems and not merely Come to "SOYUZMA" and enjoy our When asked abottt the Canadian communicate this problem and seek government's plans, Ms. Andreychuk help from the diaspora. warmth and hospitality replied that the government is planning Ms. Andreychuk concluded her lec– tosfend aid designated as environmental ture, "it is important that you as a ш Overnight accommodations with three meats: S48.89 per person, аіфХФ Poland and Hungary, but not to comftjfunity, speak to your officials so includes tips and taxes. Ulfaine'. She indicated that the United that t!iey develop the kind of answers " Go CROSS COUNTRY7SKHNG at neighboring M1NNEWASKA STATE Nations and the Canadian government you can sustain, it is important for you PARK with 40 miles of groomes trails. Entrance fee: 15.00 per adult, ha^ received requests from these two to support and initiate changes that are S3.00 per child. Ski rentals, on weekend only. countries but that no request had been necessary to save our future genera– received from the Soviet Union or, in tions." m Downhill skiing at B1G vAMLLA and HOL1DAY MOUNTA1N, approximately 30 minutes away from "Soyuzivka".

l^K"rcainicin lNJtfi-fciontfil дЛ??оскаііоґі -tzS"fcate

PoorcJmore R06.J Ker-UUn, New York 12446 ТОШГС 914-626-5641