Cathedral Author(s): Dotted Crotchet Source: The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular, Vol. 44, No. 726 (Aug. 1, 1903), pp. 513-520

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THE MUSICAL TIMES Whatever may have been 'the neatnes of

buyldinges' which caught the eye of old John

AND SINGING-CLASS CIRCULAR. Norden, the architectural features of Truro in

AUGUST i, 1903. the present day are not of supreme interest, the

Cathedral, of course, excepted. Truro can

however claim to be one of the oldest towns in

TRURO CATHEDRAL. . As at Wells, a stream of water

runs through its principal streets, though

'A prety compacted towne, well peopled its raison d'etre is not so obvious as in the

and wealthye marchauntes .... There is Somersetshire city.

not a towne in the weste parte of the Shyre Let us for a moment or two turn from the

more comendable for neatnes of buyldinges, buildings and the silently flowing stream to some

and for beyng served of all kynde of distinguished Truronians. Taking them in

necessaries; nor more discomendable for chronological order, we begin with one who had

Pryde of the people.' the least enviable reputation-Samuel Foote

Thus wrote John Norden concerning Truro (I720-77), the actor and dramatist. So keen

three hundred years ago. If the old topographer was his wit that even serious Dr. Johnson was

had stood in the streets of the Cornish capital obliged to lay down his knife and fork and forego

on the middle day of July in the third year of his dinner in order to laugh: 'The dog was so

the 2oth century, he would probably not very comical-no, sir, he was irresistible,' said

BOSCAWEN BRIDGE, TRURO.

(Photo by Mr. F. H. Tims, Truro.)

have applied the term 'discomendable' to the the great lexicographer. Foote, though he little

'Pryde of the people': verily they have deserved the honour, was buried by torchlight in

something to be proud of! the West cloister of Westminster Abbey. The

Before treating of the principal feature of 'prince of enamellers,' Henry Bone, R.A. (I755-

the little city-that stately pile now standing I834), first saw the light at Truro. Not a few

in the midst of its narrow streets, its beautiful of the 500 products of his brush-now so eagerly

new Cathedral-we may consider something of sought after by collectors-came into existence

interest other than the strictly ecclesiastical. at I5, Berners Street, , where he lived.

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A fine example of Bone's work may be seen in specimen of Renaissance monumental art of the

Jacobean period, decorated with emblematic the National Gallery-his large enamel 'Bacchus

and Ariadne,' after Titian, sold for 2,200 guineas! figures such as Time, Death and the like, and

Of saintly Henry Martyn, the martyr-missionary having semi-recumbent figures clad in the

(I78I-I812), more anon. A statue in Lemon costumes of the day, the whole executed in

fine alabaster and marble of different colours. Street, Truro, commemorates one of its dis-

About a century ago this monument needed tinguished natives-Richard Lemon Lander

restoration. The work was duly carried out, (I804-34), the great explorer of the Niger and

central Africa. Lander received his second and upon its completion the mason employed

made out his bill thuswise: name because on the day of his (Lander's) birth

Colonel Lemon won the contested election for To putting one new foot to Mr. John Robartes,

mending the other, putting seven new buttons to his the borough. Who was Colonel Lemon ? He

coat, and mending his breeches knees. was a native of Truro, and the composer of one

To two feet to his wife Phillipa, mending her eyes,

of the best double chants, an amateur product

and putting a new nosegay in her hand.

that has found its way into almost every

To two new hands and a new nose to the captain.

collection. It first appeared in John Marsh's

To two new hands, and mending the nose of his

'The Cathedral Chant Book,' and is dated wife, repairing her eyes, and putting two new cuffs

'I790.' We give the chant in its original to her gown.

form:- To making and fitting two new wings on Time's

shoulders, and making a new great toe, mending the

handle of his scythe, and putting a new blade to it.

^Vnj^4 J.^JK- V.....I s K_0

7 6 7

7I 6' 6N I7 6T6B

7 6 6 87 665

4 3

This familiar little church-tune naturally leads

us back to our main point-Truro Cathedral.

All other English Cathedrals are haloed with

historical interest. Truro has its history to

make, and the generations yet unborn will yield

the material and the historians. There were

Bishops of in the long, long ago: their

names are on record from circa 865 to

I046. In the latter year the See was merged

into that of Exeter, and so remained for over

eight hundred years. More than one attempt

had been fruitlessly made in the Igth century

to revive the ancient See of Cornwall, but

the magnificent gift of 40o,ooo by Lady Rolle

towards an endowment brought the matter

to a practical issue, with the result that the late

Edward White Benson, afterwards Archbishop

of Canterbury, was consecrated the first

of Truro on St. Mark's Day, I877.

One of the first acts of the new Bishop was

THE BAPTISTERY.

to set about the building of a mother-church for

IN MEMORIAM-HENRY MARTYN.

his diocese. It was decided to erect the new

(Photo by Mr. F. H. Tims, Truro.)

Cathedral on the site of St. Mary's Church,

Truro, as that i6th century edifice sadly needed The foundation stones of Truro Cathedral-

restoration. The late Mr. J. L. Pearson, R.A. the first English cathedral, be it observed,

was elected architect of the proposed fane, and founded and built since the Reformation-were

he, with much skill, incorporated into the new laid with great ceremony by King Edward VII.

building the South aisle of the old church. (then Prince of Wales and Duke of Cornwall)

Some of the ancient monuments have found a on May 20, 1880. The erection of the Choir,

place in Mr. Pearson's noble building. One, in Transepts, Baptistery, and a portion of two

the north transept, is to the memory of a John bays of the Nave was completed in I887, and

Robartes and his wife (I6I4). It is a remarkable consecrated on November 3 in that year by

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the second (Dr. G. H. elaborately treated and recessed under gabled

Wilkinson), now Bishop of St. Andrews. On arches, the tympana being filled with sculpture

that occasion the choir of Ioo voices was -not, as in many ancient examples, representing

conducted by Mr. (now Dr.) G. R. Sinclair, the Doom or kindred subjects, but more

while Mr. (now Dr.) C. H. Lloyd presided at naturally exhibiting our Lord in His acts of

the fine organ erected by Father Willis. The mercy and love. A statue of King Edward VII.

following is a specification of the instrument, finds a prominent and appropriate place in the

situated, as our illustration on p. 5I9 shows, in West front.

the triforium, the organist also occupying that Upon entering the sacred edifice one is struck

elevated position:- with its splendid proportions no less than its

perfect symmetry. Nothing offends the eye, GREAT ORGAN (12 stops).

Feet Feet. and one is hardly conscious of the newness of

Double Diapason ...... 6 Twelfth ... 3

the stonew6rk, so riveted is the attention on Open Diapason ... 8 Fifteenth ... 2

Open Diapason 8 Mixture (3 ranks) ... the satisfying harmonization of the whole with

Claribel ... . i6 ... 8 Double Trumpet ...

its constituent parts. ' A great success,' remarked 8 Principal ... 4 Tromba ...

Flfte Harmonique ... 4 Clarion ... 4

an experienced journalist to the present writer, a

SWELL ORGAN (13 stops). verdict that tersely summarizes one's own

Geigen Principal ... 6 Mixture (3 ranks) ...

impressions of a noble piece of work, creditable

Open Diapason ... 8 Contra Fagotto i6

Lieblich Gedact 8 8 Cornopean ... alike to its promoters and to him who designed it.

Echo Gamba ... 8 Hautboy ... 8

Mr. Pearson unfortunately did not live to see Vox Angelica ...... 8 Clarion ... 4

Geigen Principal 8 ... 4 Vox Humana the completion of his masterpiece; but all the

Flageolet ...

details he had so carefully planned have been Tremulant to Vox Humana.

faithfully carried out with filial devotion by his

CHOIR ORGAN (8 stops).

Gamba ... . 8 Gemshorn ... son, Mr. Frank Loughborough Pearson. ... 4 4

Dulciana ...... 8 Lieblich Flote ?.. 4

The entire length of the building, from

Hohl Flote ...... 8 Piccolo ...... 2

Lieblich Gedact . 8 Corno di Bassetto...... 8 east to west, is about 300 feet. The full-

page view of the interior which we give SOLO ORGAN (5 stops).

Harmonic Flute ...... 8 Clarionet ... 8 on p. 519 will furnish a general idea of the

. ... 8 Concert Flute ...... 4 Tuba ...

building, without the necessity of entering upon Orchestral Oboe ...... 8

architectural details that might appear too

PEDAL ORGAN (7 stops).

technical. One or two features of special Double Diapason . ... 8 ...... 32 Octave ...

Open Diapason ... 6 Violoncello ...... 8

interest must, however, be noticed. To the left

Violone ...... 6 ...... i6 Ophicleide ...... I6

Bourdon ...... 16 of the South Porch is the beautifully designed

Baptistery of which we give a photograph. COUPLERS (IO).

Choir to Pedals. Swell Sub-Octave. This ' architectural gem' commemorates the life

Great to Pedals. Swell to Great Unison.

and labours of the great missionary, Henry Swell to Pedals. Swell Super-Octave.

Solo to Pedals. Solo to Great.

Martyn, a native of Truro. The son of a miner,

Choir to Great. Swell to Choir.

he was educated at Truro Grammar School and

Manual compass CC to A-58 notes.

Pedal compass CCC to F-3o notes. afterwards at Cambridge, where he came out

ACCESSORIES. senior wrangler in I801, being then under

Six combination pistons to Swell and Great Organs.

twenty years of age. After his ordination he

Three composition pedals to the Pedal Organ, two to the Great, two

to the Choir, and a pedal on and off Great to Pedals. The action is determined to become a missionary. He

pneumatic, except the Choir Organ which is tracker, and the Pedal

selected India as the field of his self-denying which is tubular pneumatic.

The wind is supplied by two hydraulic engines; the wind pressures labours. There his sweetness of character

valy from 15 to 3 inches.

endeared him to all, even Mohammedans, with

Total number of sounding stops 45; of pipes 2,622.

whom he came into contact. He took a long

It may be of interest to give a few grains of journey into Armenia and Persia for the purpose

information concerning the architecture of the of making thorough and complete translations of

Cathedral. Its style is Early English, with the Bible into the languages of those countries;

characteristics of buildings of the early part of but, alas, after severe fatigue and privations, he

the I3th century. The imposing central tower- fell a victim to fever and died at Tokat in 1812,

called the Victoria Tower and built by Mr. J. in the thirty-second year of his age.

Hawke Dennis, a generous Cornishman, at a Stanley said that he was buried with all 'the

cost of ?fi5,ooo-is literally the outstanding honours due to an Archbishop.' Certain it is

feature of Mr. Pearson's noble design. It is sur- that the memory of Henry Martyn has been

mounted by a , which makes the total worthily honoured in the quiet corner of the

height 250 feet. The two Western towers have Cathedral which to-day casts its shadow over

yet to be built. Differing from many ancient the birthplace of this humble yet noble-minded

Cathedrals, both in this country and abroad, son of Truro.

the Western doorways are two-not three, or one The Southern Transept is a memorial to

(see our illustration on p. 517). Moreover, they Dr. Benson, first Bishop of Truro. The stained

both enter directly into the Nave through glass of its windows, executed by Messrs.

a shallow Narthex, and not, as is frequently the , is of the richly-toned kind

case, into the aisles through the Western towers. characteristic of thirteenth century work.

These two doorways, of lofty dimensions, are The North Transept, ten feet longer than that

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of the South, contains a fine gallery. Above We have already referred to the organ. Now

the three double lancet windows is a large a few words about the organists, of whom-

rose-window, its stained glass representing the unique in the history of English Cathedrals-

genealogy of our Lord, after the manner of only two have to be recorded! The first was

old 'Jesse' windows. The East window of the George Robertson Sinclair, now organist of

Choir-also by Messrs. Clayton and Bell-is . In the initiatory stages

most successful both in colour and design. The of Truro Cathedral, Bishop Benson asked Sir

reredos, of richly- carved , is a Frederick Ouseley to recommend him an organist.

magnificent piece of elaborate sculpture work, Ouseley had kept his eye on Sinclair, one of his

THE WEST FRONT.

(Photo by Mr. F. H. Tinis, Truro.)

its general idea being 'the one great sacrifice of old boys at Tenbury, then a pupil of and assistant

our Blessed Lord.' The pulpit and, indeed, all to Dr. C. H. Lloyd, at Gloucester. He (Sinclair)

the internal fittings of the Cathedral, are worthy was only seventeen years of age when he became

of their surroundings, being of the very best the first organist and choirmaster of Truro

materials and workmanship. Mention must be Cathedral. Bishop Benson said to him: ' You

made of a Western gallery, erected some twenty have the knowledge, with the energy of a boy,

feet above the floor, which forms a base to the but you must do what you're told.' During the

West end internally, and adds much to its effect. building of the Choir the young organist had to

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officiate at an old Byfield organ in the wooden ' and divers other and Prelates assisting.'

pro-Cathedral, an instrument which had a Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess

gimlet as the draw-knob of its only pedal stop! of Wales (Duke and Duchess of Cornwall)

Dr. Sinclair rendered splendid service to Truro honoured the historic ceremony with their

Cathedral in its earliest days. He designed the presence. The service was preceded by a

organ, and distinguished himself in the musical procession of the choir and clergy through the

arrangements of the Consecration of the Choir thoroughfares immediately around the Cathedral,

in November, 1887. In the autumn of I889 singing Archbishop Benson's translation of the

Dr. Sinclair succeeded the late Langdon old hymn ' Urbs beata' to the tune 'Oriel,'

Colborne as organist of Hereford Cathedral. accompanied by a quartet of cornets. The sun

Dr. Mark James Monk (of whom we give a smiled upon the long procession, and the simple

portrait) is the second and present organist of strains, wafted as they were by the 'soft southern

Truro Cathedral. A native of Yorkshire, he breeze,' produced a very beautiful effect. On

was born March I6, 1858. He was a chorister entering the Cathedral by the West door the choir

in from 1867 to 1872, and chanted, also in procession, Psalm cxviii., for the

subsequently became an articled pupil of and most part unaccompanied. At the entrance of

assistant to the late Dr. E. G. Monk, to whom the Prince and Princess of Wales, Dr. D. J. Wood,

he was related only by marriage, Mrs. M. J. organist of , played on the

Monk (of Truro) being a niece of the former organ the National Anthem. In due course

organist of York Minster. After holding various followed Attwood's ever-welcome 'Come, Holy

organistships in York, Dr. M. J. Monk Ghost,' the solo part being admirably sung by

officiated at the following churches in succes- all the Truro and Exeter choristers. After

sion: St. John's, Ladywood, Birmingham, Psalm cxxxii. had been chanted, and the Lesson

1879; Parish Church, Ashby-de-la-Zouch, I880; read by the Bishop of St. Andrews, second

Banbury Parish Church, 1883. In I889 he Bishop of Truro, Gounod's anthem ' Send out

was appointed organist and choirmaster of Thy light' was performed with organ accom-

Truro Cathedral, an office which he worthily paniment. Immediately following the Apostles'

holds. He graduated at Oxford, Mus.B., I878, Creed the 'Order of service' contained this

and Mus.D., I888, and he is a Fellow of quaint direction:-

the Royal College of Organists. His com- !r Then the Bishop of Truro, attended by the Arch-

positions include an Elegiac Ode 'Coplas di deacons of the Diocese, the Dignitaries of the Cathedral

Church, and his Chaplains, shall proceed to the centre of Manrique,' for soli and five-part chorus (composed

the Nave, a still verse being played on the organ in the

for his Mus.B. degree); a Festival Te Deum

meanwhile.

(the exercise for his Mus.D. degree); a

Quintett for wind instruments; in addition to The 'still verse played on the organ' proved

pianoforte and organ pieces, songs, church to be a short extemporization. After the Bishop

music, &c. Dr. Monk was conductor of the had declared 'the Nave of the Cathedral Church

Truro Philharmonic Society from I890 to I897. hallowed,' the choir sang a short but effective

As conductor of the Truro Diocesan Choral anthem,' How dreadful is this place,' composed

Union he has done excellent work. Under the expressly for the occasion by Dr. Monk. To

vigilant secretaryship of Donaldson, the sermon (preached by the Archbishop of

Precentor of Truro Cathedral, this organization Canterbury) succeeded the hymn 'All peopje

seems to be in an exceedingly flourishing that on earth do dwell' to the ' Old Hundredth'

condition, no fewer than 35,030 copies of the tune, and at the 'Presentation of the Alms' a new

Festival service books having been sold since its anthem by Dr. C. H. Lloyd, also written for the

establishment in I889. The Choral Union, occasion ('Blessed be Thou, O Lord God')

embracing the twelve Rural Deaneries of the received a devotional rendering. A Te Deum-

Diocese, held its Festival this year 'on the a setting by Dr. Monk in the key of G-the

week-days of the octave of the benediction Blessing, and Stainer's Sevenfold Amen con-

of the Nave of the Cathedral.' It should be cluded this Benediction service.

mentioned that, in regard to the ordinary The choir consisted of the Cathedral choirs of

Cathedral Services, the endowment fund only Truro and Exeter, with the additional help

admits of choral services being held on Sundays, of other voices, among them the Warden of

Saints' days, and two evenings in the week, St. Michael's College, Tenbury (the Rev. John

Wednesday and Saturday. It is hoped, how- Hampton), and Dr. G. R. Sinclair, organist

ever, that before long a daily choral service will of Hereford Cathedral and the first organist of

become possible as at other Cathedrals. The Truro. It was appropriate that Dr. D. J.

choristers, twenty in number, are educated at Wood, organist of Exeter Cathedral, should be

Truro Grammar School, scholarships being at the organ, as, apart from being a near

provided for that purpose. neighbour, the was separated

Imposing and impressive in a high degree was from that of Exeter a quarter of-a-century ago.

the 'Benediction of the Nave' of Truro Cathedral Dr. M. J. Monk, organist of Truro, conducted,

-at noon on Wednesday, the I5th ult.-by the and the results of his labours and of those

Bishop of the Diocese (Dr. Gott), the Arch- who so ably assisted him were manifest in

bishop of Canterbury (Dr. Randall Davidson), a careful and reverential rendering of the music

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(Photo by Mr. F. H. Tims, Truro.)

Cruro Catbebral.

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which proved to be so gratifying a feature The little city of Truro appeared exceedingly.

of this memorable service. The courteous gay in its prettily-decorated thoroughfares.

attention of the stewards deserves full acknow- Animated indeed was the sun-favoured scene,

ledgment, and the arrangements for seating the and right royal the welcome accorded by loyal

vast congregation reflected credit upon all con- Cornish folk to their Duke and Duchess as they

cerned. Everything passed off most satisfactorily, (the Prince and Princess) wended their way to

and no notice of the ceremony, however limited, and from Tregothnan, the charming seat of

should fail to mention the valuable organizing their host, Lord Falmouth.

services rendered by the of the DOTTED CROTCHET.

Cathedral, the Rev. Canon Donaldson.

It should be added that earlier in the day a

choral celebration of the Holy Communion BERLIOZ IN ENGLAND.

took place, the music being Smart in F, and the

A CENTENARY RETROSPECT.

two new anthems already mentioned; and that,

(Continued from page 449.)

at 6 p.m., the music at the Choral Even-

The second visit paid by Hector Berlioz to song included Sir 's inspiring

England was of an official nature. He came as

a Juror of the Great Exhibition of I85I. Itmay

not be without interest to give the names of his

colleagues on the Jury who adjudicated upon the

musical instruments:-

Sir H. R. Bishop Le Chevalier Neukomm

(Chairman and Reporter) Dr. Carl Schafhautl

Sir George Smart Mr. W. Sterndale Bennett

M. Thalberg Dr. Black

Mr. Cipriani Potter Dr. Henry Wylde

M. Berlioz

Dr. Carl Schafhautl was a learned Professor

from Munich, and Dr. Black is said to have been

an American physician! The familiar names of

the other Jurors need no explanation. The

Exhibition adjudications were evidently not very

congenial to Berlioz. On one occasion he had

fallen asleep on the stool at a grand pianoforte

when Thalberg aroused him and said: 'Ah,

confrere ! the jury are assembling. Come along,

we must be diligent. We have to examine

to-day 32 musical snuff-boxes, 24 accordions,

and 13 bombardons' !

In the intervals between his Exhibition duties

Berlioz found time to write a series of highly

entertaining articles on London musical life and

other subjects for the Journal des Debats. Among

the things which took his fancy were the

London ' niggers'-' les hommes noirs chantant

dans les rues,' he calls them. He was rather

pleased with their 'petits airs a cinq voix, tres-

DR. M. J. MONK, agreables d'harmonie, d'un rhythme parfois

ORGANIST OF TRURO CATHEDRAL. original et assez melodieux.' The verve and

(Photo by Messrs. Elliott and Fry.) animation displayed in the performances of' Ces

faux Abyssiniens' (to adopt his own designation)

processional hymn-tune (in E) with Mr. A. C. met with his approval, and he does not fail to

Benson's words; Magnificat and Nunc dimittis, record ' les shillings et meme les demi-couronnes'

Stainer in A; Attwood's Anthem ' I was glad' which passed into the exchequer of those

(composed for the Coronation of King peripatetic if not very pathetic burnt-cork

George IV.); and Handel's 'Hallelujah.' minstrels.

At the public luncheon held in the Market The outstanding event of that I85I visit was

Hall subsequent to the Dedication Service, the however the annual meeting of the Charity

Prince of Wales read a telegram he had just children in St. Paul's Cathedral on June 5. In

received from the King, couched in these a letter to his friend Joseph d'Ortigue in Paris,

terms:- Berlioz writes from 27, Queen Anne Street,

Cavendish Square, on June 21, 1851 :- 'I am anxious you should express to the

Lord-Lieutenant, the Bishop, and all those ' Read my second article in the Debats.

interested in the Cathedral, my great satis- If it does not make its appearance in Paris

faction at its completion, and that you to-day, you must be on the watch for it

should finish the work I commenced.' every day. In it I describe the uzexampled

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