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ANNUAL REPORT 2011-12

(http://moef.gov.in)

Ministry of Environment & Forests Government of

CONTENTS

Sl. Chapter Page No. No.

Role and Mandate of the Ministry v

1. Natural Resources - Survey and Exploration 1

2. Conservation 37

3. Environmental Impact Assessment 99

4. Abatement of Pollution 109

5 Conservation of Water Bodies 153

6. Regeneration and Eco-development 167

7. Research 177

8. Education and Awareness 201

9. Centres of Excellence 237

10. Fellowships and Awards 255

11. Environmental Information 263

12. Legislation and Institutional Support 275

13. Sustainable Development and Climate Change 279

14. International Cooperation 299

15. Administration and Civil Construction 315

16. Plan Coordination and Budget 325

Annexures 328

Ministry of Environment & Forests

Role and Mandate of the Ministry Pacific (ESCAP) and South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) on matters Role of the Ministry pertaining to environment. The Ministry of Environment & Forests The broad objectives of the Ministry are: (MoEF) is the nodal agency in the Central Government for overseeing the implementation ● Conservation and survey of flora, fauna, of India's environment and forest policies forests and , and programmes relating to conservation of ● Prevention and control of pollution, the country's natural resources including lakes ● Afforestation and regeneration of and rivers, its , forests and wildlife, degraded areas, ensuring the welfare of and prevention ● Protection of the environment, and and abatement of pollution. While ● Ensuring the welfare of animals. implementing these policies and programmes, the Ministry is guided by the principle of These objectives are well supported by sustainable development. a set of legislative and regulatory measures, aimed at the preservation, conservation and The Ministry is also the nodal agency for protection of the environment. Besides the the United Nations Environment Programme legislative measures, a National Conservation (UNEP), Co-operative Environment Strategy and Policy Statement on Environment Programme (SACEP), International Centre for and Development, 1992, National Forest Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) Policy, 1988, a Policy Statement on Abatement and the United Nations Conference on of Pollution, 1992 and a National Environment Environment and Development (UNCED). The Policy, 2006 also guide the Ministry's work. Ministry also coordinates with multilateral bodies such as the Commission on Sustainable The organization structure of the Ministry Development (CSD), Global Environment indicating various Divisions and its Facility (GEF) and regional bodies such as autonomous and subordinate offices is given Economic and Social Council for Asia and at Annexure- I-A & I-B.

vi Annual Report 2011-2012

Mandate of the Ministry ● Indian Forest Service. Allocation of Business ● Wild Life Preservation and protection of wild birds and animals. ● Environment and Ecology, including environment in coastal waters, in ● Fundamental and applied research and mangroves and coral reefs but excluding training including higher education in marine environment on the high seas. forestry. ● Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological ● Survey and Exploration of Natural Resources particularly of Forest, Flora, Park. Fauna, Ecosystems etc. ● National Assistance to Forestry Development Schemes. ● Bio-diversity Conservation including that of lakes and wetlands. ● Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute, Bangalore. ● Conservation, development, management and abatement of pollution ● Afforestation and Eco-development which of rivers which shall include National shall include National Afforestation and River Conservation Directorate. Eco-Development Board. ● Environmental Impact Assessment. ● Desert and Desertification. ● Environment research and development, ● Forest Survey of India. education, training, information and ● Indian Institute of Bio-diversity, Itanagar. awareness. ● Central Pollution Control Board. ● Environmental Health. ● G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan ● Forest Development Agency and Joint Environment & Development. Forest Management Programme for ● Wildlife Institute of India and Indian conservation, management and Board for Wildlife. afforestation. ● Indian Institute of Forest Management. ● Wildlife conservation, preservation, protection planning, research, education, ● Central Authority including National training and awareness including Project Zoological Park. and Project . ● Indian Council of Forestry Research & ● International co-operation on issues Education. concerning Environment, Forestry and ● Andaman and Nicobar Islands Forest Wildlife. and Plantation Development Corporation ● Botanical Survey of India and Botanical Limited. Gardens. ● Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. ● Zoological Survey of India. ● Matters relating to pounds and cattle ● National Museum of Natural History. trespass. ● ● Biosphere Reserve Programme. Gaushalas and Gausadans. ● ● National Forest Policy and Forestry The Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, Development in the country including 1960 (59 of 1960). Social Forestry. ● The National Environment Tribunal Act, ● All matters relating to Forest and Forest 1995 (27 of 1995). Administration in the Andaman and ● The National Environment Appellate Nicobar Islands. Authority Act, 1997 (22 of 1997).

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● The Water Prevention and Control of ● The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 Pollution Act, 1974 (6 of 1974). of 1972). ● The Water (Prevention and Control of ● The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (69 Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 (36 of 1977). of 1980). ● The Air (Prevention and Control of ● The Environment (Protection), Act, 1986 Pollution) Act, 1981 (14 of 1981). (29 of 1986). ● The Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of ● The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 1927). (6 of 1991).

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Ministry of Environment & Forests

Survey of Flora Botanical Survey of India Introduction The Botanical Survey of India (BSI) is the apex research organization under the Ministry of Environment and Forests, for carrying out taxonomic and floristic studies on wild plant resources of the country. It was established on 13th February, 1890 with the basic objective to explore the plant resources of the country and to identify the plants species with Fig-1. Kingcup, Marsh Marigold, Caltha palustris endemic to economic virtues. Sir George King, the then Superintendent of the 'Royal Botanic Garden' Calcutta was and fragile ecosystems in particular; appointed as First ex-officio Honorary Director publication of National, State and District of the BSI. After independence the department Floras. was reorganized in 1954 by Government of – Identification of threatened/red list India as a part of scientific development of species and species rich areas needing the country. During the successive plan conservation; ex-situ conservation of periods, the functional base of BSI was critically threatened species in botanical further expanded to include various new gardens. areas such as inventorying of endemic, rare – Survey and documentation of traditional and threatened plant species; evolving knowledge (ethno-botany) associated conservation strategies; studies on fragile with plants. ecosystems and protected areas, like wildlife sanctuaries, national parks and biosphere – Develop a National database of Indian reserves; multiplication and maintenance of plants, including herbarium and live endemic and threatened plant species, wild specimens, botanical paintings/ ornamentals, etc., in Botanic Gardens and illustrations, etc. Orchidaria; documentation of traditional Secondary objectives knowledge associated with plants and – Revisionary/Monographic studies on development of National Database of selected plant groups. herbarium specimens/live collections/ botanical paintings/illustrations, plant – Qualitative analysis of nutritive value of distribution and nomenclature, plant uses, ethno-food plants and other economically etc. useful species. – Capacity building in plant Primary objectives of BSI through refresher courses and post M.Sc. – Exploration, inventorying and certificate course. documentation of phytodiversity in – Environment Impact Assessment of areas general and protected areas, hotspots assigned by the Ministry.

2 Annual Report 2011-2012

– Develop and maintain Botanical Tiger Reserves of India; Plants of Indian Gardens, Museums and Herbaria. Botanic Garden and Plant Discoveries 2007, – Preparation of Seed, Pollen and Spore 2008, 2009 & 2010 [four issues] and Atlas of Indian Plants. Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India four volumes (renamed as Nelumbo from Volume Activities undertaken during the year 51). Hindi publications include Vanaspati Survey and Herbarium Consultation Anveshan 2009 & 2010 (two issues) and tours Vanaspati Vani (five volumes) and Bengali publication namely Paschim Banglar Udvid Two hundred and eighty four field/ Volumes 5 & 6 were also published. Besides, exploration/live plant collection/EIA study/ two books, viz. Mushrooms of - I: ethnobotanical tours, against the targeted Barsey Rhododendron Sanctuary, Ferns and 300 tours, were undertaken so far by different Fern-allies of Sikkim: A Pictorial Handbook - Regional centers and Headquarter units of Part I, were published jointly by BSI and the BSI covering the States/Union Territories of State Forest Department, Sikkim. In addition Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Arunachal one book, Crotalaria in India was published Pradesh, , Delhi & its environs, , through a private publisher. The ENVIS Centre , Jammu & Kashmir, , in BSI on Floral Diversity published ENVIS 1 , , , , Newsletters (Volumes 12 to 16) and three , , , Orissa, books viz., Bibliography and Abstract of Sikkim, , , Uttar Papers on Flora of , Bibliography Pradesh and West Bengal. During these tours and Abstract of Papers on Flora of North East c. 25,325 specimens were collected of India and Bibliography and Abstracts of which c. 11,888 specimens belonging to Papers on Flora of Andaman & Nicobar 3027 species were identified. In addition 68 Islands. herbarium/library consultation tours, against the targeted 75 tours, were undertaken so far National Flora (Flora of India) to various herbaria/library within and outside Work on families Acanthaceae, the department, for confirming the identities Begoniaceae, Chenopodiaceae, or for studying specimens for National, state, district or protected area floras. The important publications during the period include Flowering Plants of India - Dicotyledons Volume 1; Indian Lichens - An Annotated Checklist; Materials for the Flora of Arunachal Pradesh Volumes II & III; Flora of Tamil Nadu-Grasses; Flora of Visakhapatnam District, Volume 2; Flora of , ; Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of Great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh; Meliolales of India, Volume 2; Oil Fig-2. Humboldtia brunonis - endemic to the - between Yielding Plants; Floral Diversity of Wayanad and Sringeri Regions of Central Sahyadri.

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Fig-3. Impatiens devendrae Pusalkar, endemic to Uttarakhand

Cyperaceae, Juncaceae, Lauraceae, Regional/State/District Flora Loganiaceae, Moraceae (excluding Ficus), Completed documentation of Nyctaginaceae, Orchidaceae (subtribe Aphyllophorales of North Western Himalaya; Malaxeae & Liparideae incl. Genera Pteridophytic Flora of Western Himalaya; Crepidium, Dienia, Liparis, Oberonia, Seaweeds of South East Coast of India; Oreorchis, Siedenfia), Polygonaceae, Flora of Cold Deserts of North West Ranunculaceae (Ranunculus), Salicaceae, (Vol. II); Flora of Jammu & Thymelaeaceae have been completed. Kashmir (Vols. II, III & IV); Flora of Kerala Checklist of Gymnosperms, Lichens, Marine (Vol. II); Flora of Little Nicobar Islands; Flora algae, Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, of Manipur (Vol. II); Flora of Mizoram (Vols. Xanthophyceae and Bryophytes (Mosses) of II & III); Flora of Nagaland (Vols. I & IV); India have been completed. Besides Flora of (Vols. I, II & III); Flora Palynotaxonomic studies on families of Upper Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh; Nyctaginaceae and Thymelaeaceae of India Ericaceae of Arunachal Pradesh; E - Flora have also been completed. Apart from that, of National Capital Territory of Delhi & its work on the families Gramineae ( environs; Herbaceous Flora of Meghalaya; Festuca), Compositeae (Tribe Vernonieae & Bamboos of Meghalaya; Hepaticae and Tribe Heliantheae), Bignoniaceae, and Anthocerotae of East Sikkim; Epiphyllous Memecylaceae have been started and th Liverworts of Eastern Himalaya and will be completed by 12 Five Year plan Gasteromycetes (Lycoperdales & related period.

4 Annual Report 2011-2012 fungi) of Uttarakhand. Besides, editing of Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary (Uttar Flora of West Bengal (Vols. II, III & IV); Flora Pradesh); Little Nicobar Islands Wildlife of Karnataka (Monocotyledons) and Moss Sanctuary (Andaman & Nicobar Islands); Flora of Tawang District, Arunachal Pradesh Madei Wildlife Sanctuary (Goa); Netravali have also been completed. Apart from that, Wildlife Sanctuary (Goa); Pabha Wildlife documentation of Flora of Gujarat (Vol. III); Sanctuary (Assam); Pani-Dihing Wildlife Flora of Uttrakhand (Vols. II & III); Alpine & Sanctuary (Assam); Rajgir Wildlife Sanctuary Sub-Alpine Flora of Central Arunachal (Jharkhand); Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary (Uttar Pradesh; Flora of Anjaw District, Arunachal Pradesh); Salim Ali Wildlife Sanctuary (Goa); Pradesh and Flora of West Siang District, Shingba Rhododendron Wildlife Sanctuary Arunachal Pradesh started during 11th Five (Sikkim); Sohelwa Wildlife Sanctuary (Uttar year plan period will be completed by 12th Pradesh) & Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary Five year plan period. (Kerala). Apart from that, exploration and Protected Areas documentation of plant diversity in 11 protected areas have been started and will Exploration and Documentation of Plant be completed by 12th Five Year Plan period. Diversity of 14 protected areas have been These are Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary (Assam); fully completed. These are Ballavpur Wildlife Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary, (West Bengal); 1 Sanctuary (West Bengal); Chakrasila Wildlife Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary Sanctuary (Assam), Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary (); Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife (Jharkhand); (Mizoram); Sanctuary (); Koderma Wildlife Fumbonglho Wildlife Sanctuary (Sikkim); Sanctuary (Jharkhand}; Koyna Wildlife Kyangnolsa Alpine Sanctuary (Sikkim); Sanctuary (Maharashtra); Palkot Wildlife Maenam Wildlife Sanctuary (Sikkim); Sanctuary (Jharkhand); Blue Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary (West Mountain Peak National Park (Mizoram); Bengal); Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary Rani Jhansi Marine National Park (South (Arunachal Pradesh); Mookambika Wildlife Andaman); Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary Sanctuary (Karnataka); Narendrapur Wildlife (Tamil Nadu) and Talle Valley Wildlife Sanctuary (West Bengal); Parasnath Wildlife Sanctuary (Arunachal Pradesh) Sanctuary (Jharkhand); Senchal Wildlife New Discoveries Sanctuary (West Bengal) and Tendong Reserve Forest (Sikkim). In addition, exploration and During this period, the Scientists of BSI documentation of plant diversity in 24 discovered, two genera 117 species, one protected areas have been completed partly. subspecies & 21 varieties as new to science These are Bakhira Bird Sanctuary (Uttar and 142 species, three subspecies and nine Pradesh); Bethuadaharai Wildlife Sanctuary varieties (including three genera) as new (West Bengal); Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary records for India. (North Goa); Buxa National Park (West Documentation of Traditional Bengal); Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary (Uttar Knowledge of Plants Pradesh); Cotigaon Wildlife Sanctuary (South Goa); Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary (Rajasthan); Twelve tours were undertaken to Dihang Dibang Biosphere Reserve (Arunachal Sundergarh, Phulbani, Rayagada, Pradesh); Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary (Assam); Mayurbhanj, Jharsuguda, Angul, Bolangiri, (West Bengal); Gajapati & Kandhamal districts of Orissa by Govind Pashu Vihar National Park scientists of CBL, Howrah and ethnobotanical (Uttarakhand); Interview Island Wildlife uses of more than 1050 species were Sanctuary (Andaman & Nicobar Islands); recorded. Apart from that, three tours were

5 Ministry of Environment & Forests

of Textile designs, Natural dyes & Botanical illustrations and 60,000 archival documents, manuscripts Correspondences and Watt's Ledger have been digitized through photography and scanning respectively under the project "Conservation, Restoration and Digitization of the Old Archival Documents/ Correspondences/Manuscripts & Herbarium Specimens at ISIM, Kolkata" funded by MoEF. Besides, barcoding and digitization of 14,475 type specimens of Central National Herbarium (CAL) have also been completed under the project "Development of Indian Virtual Herbarium and Digital Herbarium" funded by MoEF. In addition, barcoding and digitization of 3,323 specimens of medicinal plants were also completed under a digitization project funded by Patanjali Ashram, . Botanical Exploration and Inventorisation of Phytodiversity Fig-4. Larsenianthus arunachalensis is narrowly endemic to Field tours and Herbarium Arunachal Pradesh due to various anthropogenic activities. consultation tours undertaken to Junagarh district of Gujarat by Sixty-five field tours were undertaken for Scientists of Arid Zone Regional Centre, floristic/ethnobotanical studies on flowering Jodhpur and ethnobotanical uses of ca.186 and non-flowering plants by different regional species were recorded. Ex situ Conservation Fifty four threatened, 42 medicinal/economically important and 73 ornamental plant species were introduced for acclimatization and multiplication in the Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, Botanic Garden of Indian Republic, NOIDA and Associated Botanic Gardens of different Regional Centers of BSI. Digitization About 15350 samples Fig-5. Colours in nature

6 Annual Report 2011-2012 centres and units of BSI covering the following areas: – Western Himalaya: Tropical and Subtropical Zones of Siwaliks; Bageshwar-Almora, Sunderdunga Glacier; (Kargil, Zauskar valley), Tangling (Kinnaur), Palampur, Malan (Mandi), Rohlang and Kullu (Kullu District), Kala top and Banikhet (Chamba) in Himachal Pradesh and Pithoragarh District; – Eastern Himalaya: Sikkim (Shingba Rhododendron Sanctuary, Yumthang, Zero Fig-6. Commelina forsskalii, commonly known as Dayflower point, Lachung, Bansoi, 1 Dombang, Dombang Valley, Katau, – Western Ghats:K a r n a t a k a Maenam Wildlife Sanctuary, Ralung, (Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary), Goa Ravangla, Pharmthang, Pullbazar, (Netravali, Cotigaon, Madei-Bondla 10thMile. Wildlife Sanctuaries and Dr. Salim Ali – North - East India: Arunachal Pradesh Bird Sanctuary), Maharashtra (Great (Kurum Kumey, Anjaw, Anini and West Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary); Tamil Siang districts,), Assam (Gibbon Wildlife Nadu (Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary) Sanctuary, Pani Dihing Wildlife – A & N Islands: South Andaman (, Sanctuary, Pabha Wildlife Sanctuary, Beadnabad, Manpur, Collinpur, Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary), Mizoram Chidiyatapu, Mount Harriet National (Phawangpui Blue Mountain Peak and Park and ) & Nicobar (Little Pualreng Wildlife Sanctuary), Meghalya Nicobar) (East and West districts) During these field tours, ca 8675 – Arid - Semi Arid: Gujarat (Rajkot, specimens have been collected. 5540 of Bhavnagar, Patan and Junagarh discticts); these collected specimens belonging to ca Rajasthan (Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary, 782 species were identified by scientists of Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife Sanctuary) different regional Centres and units which – Ganjetic Plains: Uttar Pradesh (Ranipur resulted in discovery of one genus and five Wildlife Sanctuary, Katerniyaghat species as new to science and nine species Wildlife Sanctuary, Chambal Wildlife as new to India. Three species have been Sanctuary), Jharkhand (Dalma Wildlife collected after 50 years. Sanctuary, Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary, Genus new to Science Palot Wildlife Sanctuary, West Bengal – Devendraea Pusalkar, gen. nov. (Buxa National Park, Gorumara National (Caprifoliaceae) Park, Bethuadahari Wild Life Sanctuary) – Deccan Peninsula: Species new to science (Govindsagar Dam, Halali Dam, Mod – Crawfurdia arunachalensis S.S. Dash, Dam, Upper Lake) R. Gagoi & A.A. Mao [Campanulaceae]

7 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Plagiochila hyalodermica Grolle & M.L.So. [Bryophyte] New Records for State – Trisetum micans (Hook.f.) Bor from Jammu and Kashmir Species Collected after 50 years or more – Isotachis indica Mitt. [Hepaticeae] – Rochelia laxa I.M. Johnst. [Boraginaceae] – Codonopsis javanica Fig-7. Tamilnadia uliginosa, popularly known as Divine Jasmine (Blume) Hook.f. & Thoms. [Campanulaceae] – Graphidastra himalayana Jagdeesh & G. P. Sinha [Lichen] National Flora (Flora of India) – Herpathallon sticticum Jagdeesh & G. P. – Taxonomic description of 65 species of Sinha [Lichen] Family Rocellaceae, Tribe Vernonieae, – Lasianthus chowdheryi Karthig., Jayanthi Family Bignoniaceae, Genus Athyrium, & Sumathi [Rubiaceae] Family Pertusariaceae, Genus Festuca, Genus Kobresia, tribe Heliantheae, – Tylophora nicobarica Murugan & M.Y. Family Memecylaceae completed Kamble [Asclepiadaceae] – Palynotaxonomic Studies on 80 species New Records for India of Lauraceae of India completed – Arnebia linearifolia A.DC. Regional/State Flora [Boraginaceae] – Taxonomic description of 754 species – Corydalis meifolia Wall. var. violacea towards (1) Flora of Uttarakhand and (2) Prain [Fumariaceae] Flora of Gujarat completed. – Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M. Johnst. var. grandis (Bornm.) Kazmi – Taxonomic description of 124 species [Boraginaceae] for Endemic and Threatened Pteridophytes of North West Himalaya, – Globba wardii Burtt & Smith 45 species of Macrofungi of Siwalik [Zingiberaceae] Himalaya, 24 species of Aspidiaceae of – Bridelia moonii Thwaites north East India and 17 species of [Euphorbiaceae] Bryoflora of Mizoram completed. – Alpinia luteo-carpa Elmer – Manuscript of 'Ericaceae of Arunachal [Zingiberaceae] Pradesh' comprising 213 taxa with over – Memeycylon minutiflorum Miq. 100 photographs and manuscript of [Memecylaceae] 'State Flora of Sikkim, Volume 2 (six – Leratiomyces squamosus var. thraustus families and 170 species) have been (Kalchbr.) [Fungi] completed and submitted for publication.

8 Annual Report 2011-2012

Protected Areas – Taxonomic description of 346 species towards Flora of Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary, Pani Dihing Wildlife Sanctuary, Pabha Wildlife Sanctuary, Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary, Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary, Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary, Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, Great Indian Fig-8. Purple Smithia (Smithia purpurea) is a small annual herb endemic to Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary, North-Western Ghat , and also procured from different tribal Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, Koderma market to carry out the Phytochemical 1 Wildlife Sanctuary and Palkot Wildlife studies. Colour photographs of live plants Sanctuary have been completed. were also taken. Documentation of Indigenous Zanthoxylum armatum (leaves); Knowledge of Plant Resources Gomphogyne cissiformis; Allium – During this period two field tours to schoenoprasum; Solanum kurjii; Carica Bargarh and Balangir districts of papaya; Allium porrum; Carpesium were undertaken and 116 plants with cernuum; Tricyrtis pillosa; Spilanthes information on 200 ethnobotanical uses acmella; Leea sambucina; Neptunia collected. In addition to this, one olearacea; Eurya acuminate; ehtnobotanical tour to Junagarh has Gymnopetalum cochinensis; Hodgsonia been conducted and 660 specimens heteroclite; Atrocarpus gomezizna; along with relevant ethnobotanical data were also collected. Studies of Nutritional Values of Wild Edible Plants of Meghalaya – One tour was undertaken to the different parts of Meghalaya (Shillong, Sohrarim, Mawphlang, Laitkynsew, Mawryngkneng, Jowai, Laitlyngkot) from 01st August, 2011 to 10th August, 2011. Following eighteen plant specimens (different edible parts) were collected Fig-9. Bamboo shoots, one of the most delicious and rich vegetable

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Fig-10. Daisy Fleabeane, (Erigeron bellidioides) flowers in full bloom

Brassica; Flacourtia jangomas; by MoEF. Baccaurea sapida – Botanic Garden of Kolkata Wildlife Ex-situ Conservation in Botanic Society, Kolkata Gardens – Botanic garden of Vinobha Bhave University, Hazaribagh, – Eighty nine rare plants collected from Assam, Meghalaya and Andaman & – Five proposals, received for funding Nicobar Islands have been introduced under 'Assistance to Botanic Garden' in Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose scheme of MoEF. Indian Botanc Garden, Howrah Miscellaneous – Twenty three rare and endangered Public Services rendered species have been introduced in the other associated botanic gardens of – BSI disseminated scientific information different Regional Centres of BSI to public and also assisted scientists, students and researchers in their pursuit Monitoring of Botanic Gardens of taxonomic research on plants. During – During the period BSI monitored the the period scientists, students and visitors, status of implementation of "Assistance including 19 VIPs, have visited the Botanic to Botanic Gardens Scheme' towards Gardens, Herbaria and Museums of BSI; conservation of threatened species in the 185 requests for information and supply following two botanical gardens funded of plant materials have been attended.

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Identified 180 plant materials and Implementing Organisation with supplied 1125 pages of photocopied details of Responsibilities literature. – Headquarters: Pharmacognosy, Maintenance and enrichment of Cryptogamy, Ecology, Plant Chemistry, Herbaria in Botanical Survey of India Flora Cell, Palynology and Library at Howrah; Publication Unit & Technical – During the period 1258 specimens were Section at Kolkata. mounted and 8,789 herbarium specimens were remounted. 20,359 Current Projects herbarium sheets were dusted and Pharmacognosy Unit fumigated. 14,268 herbarium sheets – Pharmacognostic studies on medicinal have been poisoned and 4,569 sheets Aconites of India have been incorporated in different herbaria of BSI. – Pharmacognostic studies on the selected plants of the Negative List of Publications Export During the period BSI published the following Cryptogamic Unit books and Journals: 1 – A Checklist of Xanthophyceae in – Bulletin of BSI (Nelumbo), Vol.: 53; India Vanaspati Vani, Vol. 20; Plant Discoveries – Dicot Flora of Dihang Dibang 2010; Vanaspati Anveshan 2010. Biosphere Reserve, Arunachal Scientists of BSI have also published Pradesh more than 115 research papers in – Liverwort & Hornwort Flora of Sikkim different peer reviewed journals in India and outside during the period. – Moss Flora of Darjeeling District, West Bengal Visit of Parliamentary Committees – Moss Flora of Tawang District, – The Parliamentary Committee on Official Arunachal Pradesh language reviewed the status of Ecology Unit implementation of official language in Sikkim Himalayan Regional – A Checklist of Dinophyceae in India Centre, Gangtok on 13th May, 2011. Revenue earnings – During the period BSI earned Rs.20,18,025/- through (1) Entry Fee, Car Parking and Outsourcing of Boating and Battery Driven Vehicle in AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, (2) Sale of departmental publications and (3) identification of plant specimens and supply of photocopied literature, etc. Fig-11. Viola sp. a flowering plant mostly found at higher altitudes

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Table-1. State-wise status of projects undergoing during 2011 Name of State/UT Status

Andaman & Nicobar 1. Flora of Little Nicobar Island - Manuscript Submitted Islands 2. Flora of North Andaman Islands (Narcondam, Peacock, Paget, Landfall) 3. Flora of Rani Jhansi National Park 4. Foliicolous lichens of Andaman Islands

Andhra Pradesh Flora of Greater Hyderabad

Arunachal Pradesh 1. Alpine and Sub-Alpine Flora of Central Arunachal Pradesh 2. Family Ericaceae of Arunachal Pradesh 3. Flora of Anjaw District 4. Flora of West Siang District 5. Hepaticeae and Anthoceroteae of Anjaw District 6. Liverworts and Hornworts of West Siang District

Assam 1. Flora of Barnadi Wildlife Sanctuary 2. Flora of Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary 3. Flora of Pabha Wildlife Sanctuary 4. Flora of Panidihing Wildlife Sanctuary

Bihar Wetland Flora of Gangetic Plains in Bihar

Goa 1. Flora of Cotigaon Wildlife Sanctuary, South Goa 2. Flora of Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, South Goa

Gujarat 1. Ethnobotany of Junagarh District 2. Flora of Gujarat, Vol. III

Jammu & Kashmir 1. Endemic & Threatened Pteridophytic Flora of NW Himalayas 2. Flora of Cold Desert of NW Himalaya 3. Flora of Jammu & Kashmir, Volume V

Jharkhand 1. Application of Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case study in Dalma Sanctuary 2. Flora of Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary 3. Flora of Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary 4. Wood Rotting Fungi of Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary

Kerala 1. Flora of Kerala, Volume V 2. Seaweed Survey of Kerala Coast

Maharashtra 1. Ferns of Maharashtra 2. Flora of Great Indian Bustard Wildlife Sanctuary 3. Flora of Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary 4. Folicolous Fungi of Maharashtra

Meghalaya Chemical composition and nutritive value of Wild Edible Plants of Meghalaya

Mizoram 1. Bryoflora (Hepaticae & Anthocerotae) of Mizoram 2. Flora of Phawangpui Blue Mountain Peak, Mizoram

12 Annual Report 2011-2012

Name of State/UT Status

Orissa 1. Ethnobotany of Orissa 2. Poaceae of Orissa

Rajasthan 1. Flora of Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary 2. Flora of Jamwa Ramgarh Wildlife Sanctuary

Sikkim 1. Liverwort & Hornwort Flora of Sikkim 2. Microlichens of Sikkim 3. Pteridophytic Flora of North Sikkim 4. Studies on Russulales of West Sikkim 5. Studies on Wild Mushrooms of North Sikkim

Tamil Nadu 1. Flora of Srivilliputhur Wildlife Sanctuary

Uttar Pradesh 1. Flora of Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary 2. Flora of Nawabganj Birds Sanctuary Sanctuary 3. Flora of Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary Uttarakhand 1. Flora of Uttarakhand 1 2. Macrofungal flora of Siwalik Himalayas

West Bengal 1. Flora of Bethuadaharai Wildlife Sanctuary 2. Flora of Buxa National Park 3. Flora of Buxa Wildlife Sanctuary 4. Flora of Gorumara National Park 5. Flora of West Bengal, Volume V 6. Moss Flora of Darjeeling District

Plant Chemistry Unit commercially important plants, as cardamom, pepper, nutmeg, cotton, – Chemical Composition and Nutritive tobacco, indigo, , sago, teak, Value of Wild Edible Plants of cinchona, rubber, jute, mahogany, etc., Meghalaya – Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah: – Has 2132 species under cultivation Established in 1787 at Howrah, the IBG including (two living types and) 1092 has an area of ca 273 acres with a exotics. National Orchidarium, 25 Lakes and – Every year over five lakh people visit number of conservatories. Initially served the garden for education, awareness as platform for introduction of such and recreation purposes.

Table-2. Budget Allocation (Rs. in Thousand)

Plan Non Plan

BE RE Expenditure Upto % BE RE Expenditure Upto % 2011-12 2011-12 29.02.2012 2011-12 2011-12 29.02.2012

150000 165000 124147 75.24 257800 228500 223888 97.98

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– Central Botanical Laboratory, – Palynotaxonomic studies of Lauraceae Howrah: Established in 1954 at of India Kolkata and later shifted to Howrah with – Revision of the Genera Carex L. and Economic Botany, Cytology & Plant Kobresia Willd. in India physiology section. – Revision of the Genus Festuca in Current Projects India – Ethnobotany of Odisha state – Revision of the Tribe Vernonieae in India – Revision of the Family Memecylaceae in India – Alpine and Sub-Alpine Flora of Central Arunachal Pradesh – Industrial Section, Indian Museum, Kolkata: Established in 1887 at Kolkata – Wood Rotting Fungi of Koderma has 20,000 exhibits of economic plants Wildlife Sanctuary (Jharkhand) and plant products arranged in eight – Arunachal Pradesh Regional Bays for public awareness; 70,000 Centre, Itanagar: Jurisdiction - herbarium specimens; 18 volumes Arunachal Pradesh. Established in 1977, containing 700 samples of Indian textiles the circle has 13,500 herbarium in silk, cotton, muslin and wool, specimens, including 34 types representing one of the 20 sets captioned representing 20 species discovered as Textiles Manufactures and Costumes of new to science. The associated garden the People of India, and a 15 volume of 48 ha at Sankie View has ca 400 companion set on Natural Dyes. species under cultivation. – Central National Herbarium, Current Projects Howrah: Established in 1795 at Howrah, holds ca 2.05 million specimens – Flora of Anjaw District, Arunachal of seed plants, 10,000 type specimens, Pradesh 12,000 Wallichian specimens and – Flora of Kurung-Kumey district, 10,000 non-flowering plants. The unit Arunachal Pradesh has been responsible for discovery of – Flora of West Siang District, nine genera and 235 species new to Arunachal Pradesh science. – Hepaticeae and Anthoceroteae of Current Projects Anjaw District – Flora of Buxa National Park, – Liverworts and Hornworts of West Jalpaiguri, West Bengal Siang District – Flora of Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, – Monocot Flora of Dihang Dibang Jharkhand Biosphere Reserve, Arunachal Pradesh – Flora of Gorumara National Park, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal – Revision of the Family Ericaceae of – Flora of Koderma Wildlife Sanctuary Arunachal Pradesh (Jharkhand) – Revision of Family Aspidiaceae in – Flora of Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary N.E. India (Jharkhand) – Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong: – Flora of West Bengal, Vols. IV & V Jurisdiction - Assam, Manipur, – Palynological studies on Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Thymelaeaceae . Established in 1956 at Shillong,

14 Annual Report 2011-2012

the circle has ca 2,71,000 herbarium Seventeen species and seven varieties specimens, including 508 types have been described as new to science representing five genera and 89 species from here. The associated garden of two discovered as new to science. The ha in the campus has ca 570 species associated garden of 10 ha at Barapani under cultivation. has ca 800 species under cultivation. Current Projects Current Projects – Flora of Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary, – Bryoflora (Hepaticae & Anthocerotae) Uttar Pradesh of Mizoram – Flora of Katerniaghat Wildlife – Flora of Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary, Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh Assam – Flora of Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary, – Flora of Pani-Dihing Wildlife Uttar Pradesh Sanctuary, Assam – Microlichens of Sikkim – Flora of Pabha Wildlife Sanctuary, – Revision of Family Rocellaceae in Assam India – Micropropagation of RET plants of – Revision of the tribe Heliantheae in 1 NE India (Nymphaea & Cymbidium) India – Multiplication and conservation of – Studies on Family Pertusariaceae in Rare/Endangered/Economically India important plants in Botanic Garden of BSI-ERC. – Botanic Garden of Indian Republic, NOIDA: Jurisdiction - National Capital Sikkim Himalayan Regional – Territory Region of Delhi. 4300 Centre, Gangtok: Jurisdiction - Sikkim. indigenous saplings and 554 seedlings Established in 1979, the circle has of medicinal plants have been procured 40,000 herbarium specimens, including different parts of region and Orissa six types representing six species for BGIR. Database on Oil Yielding discovered as new to science. The Plants completed; hard copy format associated garden in the campus has ca published (2008). Seeds Database 200 species, mostly orchids, under initiated. cultivation. – Northern Regional Centre, Current Projects : Uttarakhand, , – Studies on Russulales of Sikkim , , Himachal Pradesh, Himalayas: Part I - West Sikkim Jammu & Kashmir. Established in 1956 – Pteridophytic Flora of Sikkim at Dehradun, the circle has ca 1, 21,500 herbarium specimens, including 112 – Flora of India: Rubiaceae types representing two genera and 66 – State Flora of Sikkim, Vol. II species discovered as new to science. Saxifragaceae & Crassulaceae The associated gardens of 23 ha at – Central Regional Centre, Dehradun, Pauri and Khirsu have ca Allahabad: Jurisdiction - Madhya 500 species under cultivation. Pradesh, , Uttar Pradesh. Current Projects Established in 1962 at Allahabad, the circle has ca 69,000 herbarium – Endemic & Threatened Pteridophytic specimens, including three types. Flora of North Western Himalayas

15 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Flora of Govind Pashu Vihar National Current Projects Park – Flora of Cotigaon Wildlife Sanctuary, – Flora of Jammu & Kashmir, Vols. IV South Goa & V – Flora of Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary, – Flora of Uttrakhand, Vols. III & IV South Goa – Macrofungal flora of Siwalik – Flora of Madei, Bondla and Dr. Himalayas Salim Ali Wildlife Sanctuary, North – Revision of the Family Bignoniaceae Goa in India – Flora of Great Indian Bustard Wildlife – Revision of the Genus Athyrium in Sanctuary, Ahmednagar, India Maharashtra – Revisionary Studies on Genera – Ferns of Maharashtra Pyrrosia Mirbel and Phymatopteris – Collection of Red listed/endemic Pic.-Ser. in India plants for Mundhwa Garden and Office Campus – Arid Zone Regional Centre, – Deccan Regional Centre, Jodhpur: Jurisdiction - Rajasthan, Hyderabad: Jurisdiction - Andhra Gujarat. Established in 1972 at Jodhpur, Pradesh, Orissa. Established in 2005 at the circle has ca 24,800 herbarium Hyderabad, the circle has ca 10,000 specimens, including 17 types herbarium specimens. representing nine species discovered as new to science. The associated garden Current Projects of six acres in the campus has ca 185 – Floral Inventorying of the areas in species under cultivation. and around Hyderabad Current Projects – Poaceae of Odisha State – Flora of Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary, – Southern Regional Centre, Rajasthan : Jurisdiction - Tamil Nadu, – Flora of Gujarat, Vol. III Kerala & Lakshadweep Islands. Established in 1955 at Coimbatore, the – Floristic Survey of Rajkot, Bhavnagar circle has ca 2,75,000 herbarium & Patan districts, Gujarat specimens, including 2594 types – Ethnobotany of Gujarat (Junagarh representing 08 genera and 155 species District) discovered as new to science. The – Western Regional Centre, Pune: associated garden of 19 ha at Yercaud Jurisdiction - Maharashtra, Karnataka, and in the campus has ca 1100 species Goa, Daman, Diu, Dadra & Nagar under cultivation . Established in 1955 at Pune, the Current Projects circle has ca 1,70,000 herbarium – Flora of Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary, specimens, including 571 types Kerala representing two genera and 146 species discovered as new to science. The – Seaweed survey of South East Coast associated gardens of 19.5 ha at of India. Mundhwa and in the campus have ca – Floristic Survey of Sathyamangalam 400 species under cultivation. Forests

16 Annual Report 2011-2012

– Flora of Kerala, Vols. III, IV & V – Ecological Studies/Environment Impact – Lamiaceae under Flora of India Assessment Survey, and – Floristic Survey of Vellingiri, Siruvani – Computerization and Dissemination of & Anaikatti hills Data – Introduction & multiplication of orchids Primary Objectives in Associated Botanic Garden, The current mandate of ZSI is survey, Yercaud. collection documentation (including the – Andaman & Nicobar Regional traditional knowledge associated with Centre, Port Blair: Jurisdition - animals) and ex situ conservation of wild Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Established diversity of the country. in 1972, the circle has 22,000 herbarium High priority areas include specimens, including 100 types representing two genera and 66 species – Digitization of present collections, discovered as new to science. The preparation of fine scale distribution associated garden of 30 ha at Dhanikheri maps based on primary occurrence data has ca 200 species under cultivation. and making it available in a searchable format. 1 Current Project – Publication of National and State faunas. – Flora of Little Nicobar Island – Taxonomic studies, revisionary/ – Flora of Interview Island Wildlife monographic studies on selected animal Sanctuary groups. – Survey of Narcondum and other – Identification of Red list species and unexplored North Andaman Islands species rich areas needing conservation and focus on data deficient species to Survey of Fauna collect more information on populations. Zoological Survey of India – Development of National database of Indian animals including Museum Introduction and Objectives specimens, live specimens, paintings, The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), a illustrations etc. and maintenance of premier institution under the Ministry, has already existing collections with modern been undertaking survey, exploration and facilities and as per international research leading to the advancement of our standards of collection management. knowledge on the exceptionally rich faunal – Developing and maintaining Museums diversity of the country since its inception in and using such facilities for conservation 1916. With its headquarters at Kolkata and education for people especially students. 16 Regional Centers located at different – Ex situ conservation of critically parts of the country, ZSI in recent years re- threatened taxa. oriented its plan of work by grouping the survey and studies under the following six – Capacity building in taxonomy, major programmes : nomenclature, specimen collection, preservation and maintenance through – Fauna of States training programmes. – Fauna of Conservation Areas Secondary Objectives – Fauna of Important Ecosystems – To establish a panel of experienced and – Status Survey of Endangered Species active taxonomists and obtain their

17 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Rock toad, (Bufoids meghalayana), Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa), and Desert cat, Non-human primates, (Nemorhaedus goral), four horned antelope (Tetracerus quadricornis), Serow (Nemorhaedus sumatraensis), Indian Golden Gecko (Calodactyloides aureus) and Coral reefs and associated organisms in Palk Bay were carried out. – One survey related to documentary work on mass migration of earthworms, one on Fig-12. Cervus unicolor or Sambar ecological and molecular studies of turtles and one survey on consent to participate in fauna project. physico-chemical parameter of sea water – To prepare annotated checklist of different samples of adjoining coasts of Adyar groups of animals, museum collections, river were carried out. based on published documents giving – Seven short and long duration intensive local names if any with locality and surveys for ecological and behavioral habitat. Make available the electronic studies were also undertaken. version of checklist to the general public; – Detailed taxonomic studies were carried and circulate it among the panel of out on the material collected during the zoologists who would, in turn, check for present year and earlier surveys. omissions, ambiguities, localities and – The National Zoological collections were habitat through active consultation with further enriched by the addition of other local zoologists. 13929 example of specimens (Unnamed) – To begin with, state faunas should be and 19010 identified specimens published electronically giving correct belonging to 793 species. names, localities, habitats, sketches and – Identification and Advisory services were photographs of important species on an rendered to 115 individual/institution in interactive Fauna of India Website. This India and abroad. The training courses will act as an outreach programme for were also organized under training and all the biologists, and other interested extension programme. public. – Totally 10,000 specimens of identified Activities undertaken during the year species were digitized so for. – One Hundred and Twenty four extensive Faunal explorations and surveys faunal surveys are being undertaken to different States / UT's including important Wetland ecosystem ecosystems and some selected A total of twenty extensive surveys, five conservation / protected areas. in Palair lake, Osman and Himayat Sagar – Eleven status /ecological survey namely from Andhra Pradesh, one in Damodar river exploration of Hamilton species of fishes, from Jharkhand, one in Ganga river from

18 Annual Report 2011-2012

Uttarakhand, one in Cumbum Lake from National Parks Andhra Pradesh, two in Wyra Lake from Two surveys, One to Mahatma Gandhi Andhra Pradesh, one in West and East Khasi National park and one survey to Saddle Hills from Meghalaya, two in Attapur lake peak National park from Andaman. from Andhra Pradesh, one in Pallikarani Marsh from Tamil Nadu, one in Meda from Wildlife Sanctuaries Maharashtra and one from Mawlyngot from Twelve surveys, one to Nannaj from Manipur and five surveys from South Maharashtra, two to Singhori from Madhya Andaman were also undertaken. Pradesh, one each to Kalatop-Khajjar and Estuarine ecosystem Chail from Himachal Pradesh, Bhimashankar from Maharashtra, Barnawapara from One survey was undertaken to Pennar Chhatisgarh, Veerangana Durgavati from estuary from Orissa. Madhya Pradesh, Lohabarrack Marine/Island ecosystem from Andaman, Koyna from Maharashtra, Ten extensive surveys one to Digha Malabar from Kerala and Dugong from coast, Three to coast and two to Andaman. Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay from Tamil Tiger Reserves 1 Nadu and four from Andaman. Three surveys, one to Pakke from Biosphere Reserve / Conservation Arunachal Pradesh, two surveys to Sajnekhali areas from West Bengal. Ten surveys, four to Sunderban, five to States and Union territories Jhilmil Jheel from Uttarakhand and one to Under the state fauna programme twenty Amboli reserve forest from Maharashtra were one surveys in several districts of Andhra undertaken during the year. Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka,

Fig-13. Crocodylus paluster or Mugger Crocodile

19 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Andaman and Nicobar Islands (sponsored by Dept. of Environment and Forests, A and N Islands). – Lead Institution: Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve (sponsored by MoEF). – Studies on the Faunal diversity of Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve (sponsored by MoEF ). – Faunal Diversity of Protected Area in Chhattisgarh (sponsored by CAMPA, Chhattisgarh). – District-wise Faunal Diversity of Chhattisgarh (sponsored by Fig-14. Gazella bennettii or Chinkara CAMPA, Chhattisgarh). Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, – Rapid EIA on the alignment of road in Manipur, Orissa Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh Great Nicobar Island, Andaman and and West Bengal were carried out. Nicobar islands Ecological / Status Survey – Preparation of Management Plan (Year 2012-2021) for Lohabarrack Crocodile Totally eleven status/ecological survey Sanctuary. namely exploration of Hamilton species of fishes, Rock toad, (Bufoids meghalayana), – Strengthening of Marine Aquarium and Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa), Chinkara and Regional centre at Digha, West Bengal Desert cat, Non-human primates, Goral (sponsored by World Bank). (Nemorhaedus goral), four horned antelope Studies of DNA material for molecular (Tetracerus quadricornis), Serow studies (Nemorhaedus sumatraensis), Indian Golden Gecko (Calodactyloides aureus) and Coral – Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) reefs and associated organisms in Palk Bay has been signed with Indian Institute of were carried out. Sciences, Bangalore for molecular study of Fishing Cat. Some Important Research studies – A MOU between ZSI/ANRC, Port Blair undertaken and ICAR CARI, Port Blair has been – Survey and monitoring the health of signed for the collaborative study on coral reefs of India (sponsored by MoEF). Marine Sponges-Bar coding. – Diversity and distribution of coral and Research Activities their associated fauna of Rani Jhansi Marine National Park (sponsored by Discoveries of New Taxa / Species MoEF). During the surveys 13929 examples of – GIS based mapping and analysis of various groups of animals were collected. ecological variables of reefs around the Altogether 19010 examples belonging to little Andaman Island (sponsored by 793 species were identified by the scientists MoEF). of ZSI Head Quarter and regional centres. – Survey and Monitoring of Coral reefs of In addition 29 species new to science have

20 Annual Report 2011-2012 been described during the year and 15 – Psilocera namdaphaensis species were added to new the fauna of Family: Scelionidae India. – Paridris spinosus Species New to Science New addition to the fauna of India Class: Amphibia – Pseudobiceros apricus Order: Anura Family: Rhacophoridae – Aplysia parvula – Raorchestes agasthyaenis – Oziotelphus wagrakarowensis – Raorchestes crustai – Aegiris villosus – Raorchestes johnceei – Aeolidiella alba – Raorchestes kadalarensis – Chalidoneura fulvipunctata – Raorchestes theuerkaufi – Dermatobranchus rodmani – Raorchestes manohari – Glossodoris rufomarginalis – Raorchestes ravii – Glossodoris tomsmithi – Raorchestes thodai – Kaloplocamus acutus 1 – Raorchestes uthamani – Noumea alboannulata – Raorchestes bijui – Noumea angustolutea Family: Nyctibatrachidae – Thuridilla indopacifica – Nyctibatrachus jog – Thuridilla albopustulosa – Nyctibatrachus pocha – Acropoma argentistigma – Nyctibatrachus grundis Taxonomic studies – Nyctibatrachus pillai The research work carried out on the – Nyctibatrachus shirdi fauna collected from different states, protected – Nyctibatrachus gavi areas and important ecosystems are as follows; – Nyctibatrachus vrijeuni – Nyctibatrachus Fauna of India – Nyctibatrachus acanthoderis The following volume was published – Nyctibatrachus danieli during the year 'Fauna of India: Eulophinae: (Insecta: Hymenoptera)". – Nyctibatrachus devein – Nyctibatrachus indranelli Fauna of States Order: Gymnophiona The details of number of species identified Family: Ichthyophidae from different surveys of different states are – Ichthyophis davidi given in Table-3. Class: Insecta Tiger / Biosphere Reserve Order: Hymenoptera Sunderban, West Bengal - Four species Family: Pteromalidae of Grasshopper, fourteen species of Crustacea – Ischyroptyx biharensis and 44 species of Fishes were determined. – Merismomorpha intermedia Eastern Ghat, Tamil Nadu - Twenty – Merismomorpha tamilnadensis species of Protozoa, twenty seven species of – Psilocera intermedia Cladocera, six species of , six species

21 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-3. State wise status of species identified from different surveys States/UT's Protozoa Rotifera Nematoda Annelida Crustacea Cladocera Decapoda Insecta Odonata Andhra Pradesh 3 Assam 7 2 Bihar 10 43 Haryana 18 5 Himachal Pradesh 16 Jharkhand 5 9 216 Karnataka 5 28 Kerala 513 Madhya Pradesh 9 Maharashtra 35 75 56 12 Manipur 2 Orissa 3 3 Rajasthan 7 4 10 5 Tamil Nadu 13 9 9 6 2 4 Uttarakhand 8 63 30 Uttar Pradesh 160 West Bengal 3 3 States/UT's Orthoptera Hemiptera Homoptera Coleoptera Arachnida Echinodermata Fishes Amphibia Reptilia Mammalia Andhra Pradesh 28 Assam 3 Haryana 27 3 2 Himachal Pradesh 18 6 26 Madhya Pradesh 73 44 16 3 Maharashtra 13 10 15 Manipur 2 9 Meghalaya 3 8 8 Orissa 3 Rajasthan 5 17 9 9 Tamil Nadu 5 13 40 Uttarakhand 41 Uttar Pradesh 4 West Bengal 95 7 4

22 Annual Report 2011-2012 of Lepidoptera, three species of Butterflies, – Simbalbara, Himachal Pradesh - Thirty twenty nine species of Rotifera, two species three species of Coleoptera were of Ostracoda, twenty five species of fishes determined. and twenty six species of Reptiles were – Kalatop-Khajjar, Himachal Pradesh - Eight studied and determined. species of Insects were determined. Jhilmil Jheel, Uttakhand - Thirty two – Kalesar, Haryana - Eight species of species Lepidoptera, 12 species of Insecta, Fishes were determined. nine species of Crustacea, 15 species of – Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu - Three species Nematoda, five species of Platyhelminthes of Insects, three species of Hemiptera and three species of Amphibians were and seven species of sponges were determined. determined. Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu - Three – Sitamata, Rajasthan - Four species of species of Nematodes, three species of Odonata, nine species of Homoptera earthworms and 15 species of sponges were were determined. determined. National Parks Wildlife sanctuary – Namdapha, Arunachal Pradesh - Six 1 – Phansad, Maharashtra - One species of species of Pteromalidae were determined Arachnida, three species of Insecta, 11 – Keibul-Lamjao, Manipur - Six species of species of Lepidoptera, six species of Reptiles were determined. Collembola, two species of Crustacea – Chandoli, Maharashtra - Twelve species and two species of Fishes were of Insects and two species Crustacea determined. were determined. – Veerangana Durgavati, Madhya Pradesh - Twenty two species of Lepidoptera and Fauna of Important Ecosystems eight species of Mollusca were –t (Aravalli)Deser - A total of eight determined. species of Odonata and 16 species of – Singhori, Madhya Pradesh - Six species Lepidoptera were studied and of Protozoa, 42 species of Coleoptera, determined. 10 species of Lepidoptera and 16 species Wetland / Fresh water / Riverine of Arachnida were determined. – Chail, Himachal Pradesh - Two species – , Punjab - A total of eight of insects and three species of fishes species of Fishes were studies and were determined. determined – Parmadan, West Bengal - Nine species – Palair and Cumbum Lake, Andhra of Arachnida were studied and Pradesh - 11 species of Fishes, four determined. species of Hemiptera, three species of – Malabar, Kerala - Five species of Coleoptera, five species of Mollusca, Pteromalidae and five species of Mollusca and four species of Cladocera were were determined. determined. – Govind, Uttarkhand - Eight species of – Damodar river, Jharkhand - seven species Brachiopoda were studied and of Mollusca were studied and determined. determined. – Radhangari, Maharashtra - Ten species – , Karnataka - Fifteen species of Crustacea were determined. of Fishes were determined.

23 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Lakes of Udaipur, Rajasthan - Three species of Telenchidae (Nematoda) were determined. – region, Maharashtra - Seven species of Fishes were studied and determined. Forests – East , Meghalaya - Twelve species of Hemiptera, one species of Earthworm, twenty two species of Fig-15. Raorchestes manohari Fishes and eighteen species of Amphibia Other studies were studied and determined. – Pictorial Handbook on Fishes of – Jamini, Maharashtra - Ten species NE: List of 400 species updated and of insects were determined. photography is under progress. – Kairoyan Hills, Tamil Nadu - One – Pictorial Handbook on Dragonflies species of Reduvidae (Hemiptera) and and Damselflies of Rajasthan: one species of Cercopidae (Hemiptera) Description of 15 species were completed were identified. and two photo plates were prepared. Marine / Island / Coastal – Pictorial Handbook on Fishes and – Pallikarani marsh, Tamil Nadu - Totally Amphibians of Himachal Pradesh: nine species of Amoebae and sixteen Diagnostic characters of 15 species of species of Fishes were determined. Fishes and 17 species of Amphibians were completed. – Andaman and Nicobar - Five hundred – Pictorial Handbook on Butterflies fifty species of Scleractinian corals, one of Arunachal Pradesh: The hundred four species of Echinoderms, manuscript has been submitted for the fifty nine species of Nudibranchs, one publication. hundred four species of Gastropods, thirty three species of Crustacea, one – Identification and Advisory hundred sixty seven species of butterflies, services: The ZSI continued its task of Forty eight species of Ophisthobranchs, rendering Identification and Advisory seventy three species of Mollusca, five services free of cost to research and species of Odonata, three species of teaching institutions in India and abroad, Gorgonids, thirty five species of Central and state Government/Agencies, Dragonflies, eight species of Sponges, NGO's, Industries and also to individuals five species of Polyclads, one hundred on zoological specimens and related twenty four species of Fishes, two species matters. of Reptiles, seventy seven species of – Development of National Birds and five species of were Zoological collections: The ZSI as a determined. National repository of Zoological

24 Annual Report 2011-2012

collections, maintains identified species Special Publications belonging to all animal groups in the – Animal Discoveries country. The National Zoological collections were further enriched by the – Critically Endangered Animals of India addition of 13929 examples of – Prani Vigyan Ki Vargikaran Shabdawali specimens (unnamed) and 19010 – State fauna Series: Fauna of Tamil identified specimens pertaining to 793 Nadu (Part-2) species. – Wetland Ecosystem Series: Series Training and Extension No. 14, Chorus of Bihar During the year four programmes were State-wise status organized (i) Environmental Day was observed There are 28 States and seven Union th on 7 June, 2011(ii) International Biodiversity territories in the country. Based on the survey th Day was celebrated on 24 May, 2011(iii) and taxonomic work carried so for, ZSI has A National Seminar on Traditional Knowledge published faunal documents pertaining to the and Social Practices Promoting Biodiversity states (including Union Territories) of Andhra th Conservation' was organized on 24 Pradesh (eight volume), Arunachal Pradesh September, 2011 (iv) A National Seminar on (two volume), Bihar (including Jharkhand 1 natural and Anthropogenic Hazards of (one volume), Delhi (one volume), Goa (one Environment-their Impact on Biodiversity and volume) Gujarat (two volumes), Lakshadweep Conservation, and Biotechnological Approach (one volume), Madhya Pradesh (including for its remedies' is being jointly organized at Chhattisgarh ( two volumes), Manipur ( three Vidyasagar College, Kolkata. volumes), Meghalaya (ten volumes), Mizoram Publications (two volumes), Nagaland (one volume), Orissa (four volumes published), Sikkim (five volumes), – Fauna of India Tamil Nadu (one volume), Tripura (four Eulophinae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) volumes), Uttarakhand (three volumes) and – Records of Zoological Survey of West Bengal (twelve volumes). State wise India: Vol.111. Part -1 numbers of species identified from different – Occasional Papers: No. 325, 328, surveys are given in Table-3. 329, 330, 331 and 332. Regulatory Acts/ Rules governing the – Handbook and Pictorial guides: programme and promulgation of new Hand book on plant and soil Nematodes Acts, if any, along with the details of Rajasthan. The Regulatory Acts/Rules governing the programme of The Zoological Survey of India Table-4. Comparison of progress

Sl. Physical targets Achievement during the Achievements during the No. Financial year 2010-11 Financial year 2011-12 (Till November, 2011)

Targets Achievements Targets Achievements

1. Surveys conducted 131 127 124 71

2. Publication 35 36 26 10

3. Species identified 1500 1650 1500 793

25 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-5. Budget allocation of the scheme during the year and Progress of Expenditure (Rs. in Thousand)

Plan Non Plan

BE RE Expenditure Upto % BE RE Expenditure Upto % 2011-12 2011-12 29.02.2012 2011-12 2011-12 29.02.2012

144900 179900 171152 95.13 143500 168500 160273 95.11 are (i) Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 purposes. ZSI is supervising in providing with the objective of effectively protecting the information for People's Biodiversity Rights as wild life of the country and to control well as safe guarding designated faunal poaching, smuggling and illegal trade in repository of the country. wildlife and its derivatives. The objectives of Implementing organizations along this Act is to provide protection to the listed with details of responsibilities endangered fauna and ecologically important protected areas in the country. In addition, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata along ZSI providing (1) status survey of endangered with its 16 regional centres at different parts species (2) identification and supporting of the country is implementing all activities. protection of endangered Wildlife to WCCB, The main responsibilities of ZSI and its 16 Customs and Forest Department (3) providing regional centre are survey, collection, Faunal Diversity of Protected Areas and (ii) documentation (including the traditional The Biological Diversity Act, 2002, which knowledge associated with animals) and ex recognizes the sovereign rights of states to situ conservation of wild animal diversity of use their own Biological Resources. The Act the country. aims at the conservation of biological High priority areas include: resources and associated knowledge as well as facilitating access to them in a sustainable – Survey and Identification of fauna. manner and through a just process or – Publication of National and State faunas. – Taxonomic studies, revisionary/monographic studies on selected animal groups. – Identification of Red list species and species rich areas needing conservation and focus on data deficient species to collect more information on populations. – Development of National database of Indian animals including Museum specimens, live specimens, paintings, illustrations etc. and maintenance of already Fig-16. Spotted tree frog, (Rhacophorus bipunctatus)

26 Annual Report 2011-2012

existing collections with modern facilities and as per international standards of collection management. – Developing and maintaining Museums and using such facilities for conservation education for people especially students. – Ex situ conservation of critically threatened taxa. – Capacity building in taxonomy, nomenclature, specimen collection, preservation and maintenance through Fig-17. Saza (Serow), State Animal of Mizoram training programmes. 1 – Digitization of present collections, – Marine Aquarium and Research Centre, preparation of fine scale distribution Digha maps based on primary occurrence data – Marine Biology Regional Centre, and making it available in a searchable Chennai. format. – Northern Regional Centre, Dehradun List of autonomous, attached and – Southern Regional Centre, Chennai. regional offices with updates under – Sunderbans Regional Centre, Canning the administrative control of the Division. – Western Regional Centre, Pune – Western Ghat Field Research Centre, There are sixteen regional centres of Zoological Survey of India located at different parts of the country as follows: Forest Resources and Survey – Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre, Survey and Utilisation (SU) Division Port Blair Survey & Utilization (SU) Division deals – Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre, with the matters related to Forest Survey of Itanagar India, Dehradun, Andaman & Nicobar Forest – Central Zone Regional Centre, Jabalpur & Plantation Development Corporation Limited, Port Blair, all State Forest Development – Desert Regional Centre, Jodhpur Corporations, Export & Import of wood and – North Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong wood products, Forest Certification, – Estuarine Biology Regional Centre, Sustainable Forest Management, International Gopalpur on Sea Tropical Timber Organization, National Forestry Database Information System, – Freshwater Biology Regional Centre, Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) Cell Hyderabad among the other matters. – Gangetic Plains Regional Centre, Patna The Division executes plan scheme – High Altitude Regional Centre, Solan 'Strengthening of Forestry Division' with five

27 Ministry of Environment & Forests

headed by a Director General who is assisted by two Joint Directors at headquarter who are looking after the National Forest Data Management Centre (NFDMC) and the Training & Forest Inventory (TFI) wings and supported by Deputy Directors, Assistant Directors and other technical staff. Each zonal office is headed by a Regional Director supported by Deputy Director and other technical staff. The Fig-18. A view of dry deciduous forests in Ranthambhore Headquarter as well as the Zonal components under which the main works of offices work in close coordination to carry out the division related to above mandate are the various activities of FSI. executed. These works component wise are Some main activities of Forest Survey described in detail along with the of India achievements during the year. – Forests & Tree Cover Assessment: Forest Survey of India (FSI) Forest Survey of India (FSI) assesses Introduction forest cover of the country by Forest Survey of India (FSI), an interpretation of satellite data on a two- organization under Ministry of Environment year cycle and presents the information & Forests, Government of India is engaged in the form of 'India State of Forest in the assessment of the country's forest Report'. With the release of the 'India resources on a regular interval. Established State of Forest Report 2009' so far 11 on June 1, 1981, the Forest Survey of India cycles of forest cover assessment have succeeded the "Pre-investment Survey of Forest been completed since 1987. Work for Resources" (PISFR), a project initiated in the 12th cycle is completed and final 1965 by Government of India with the report of India State of Forest Report sponsorship of Food and Agriculture (ISFR) 2011 is ready for release. With Organization (FAO) and United Nations the advancement of technologies of Development Programme (UNDP) to ascertain image processing and data quality of the availability of raw material for remote-sensing, the methodology of forest establishment of wood based industries in cover assessment has improved to provide selected areas of the country. Pre-Investment more accurate data products for better Survey of Forest Resources (PISFR) was operational management and planning. reorganized into FSI in June 1981. The In addition to forest cover, assessment of mandate of FSI was refined in 1986 in order tree cover of the country is also being to make it more relevant to the rapidly carried out using the Trees Outside changing needs and aspirations of the country. Forests (TOF) inventory data. The scale of interpretation has improved from 1:1 The Forest Survey of India is million (SFR 1987) to 1:50,000 bringing headquartered at Dehradun and has four down the minimum mappable area to zonal offices located at Shimla, Kolkata, one hectare from 400 hectare. The Nagpur and Bangalore. The organization is spatial resolution of the sensor has come

28 Annual Report 2011-2012

down from the course resolution of 80 their increasing role in social cause due m x 80 m to a fine resolution of 23.5 to advent of FRA, Tribal Acts etc. A total m x 23.5 m. target of 30 districts have been fixed for Atlas: Forest Types of India: The FSI inventory of forest and TOF to be is also preparing for the first time a Atlas completed during the year 2011-2012. of forest types of India. This is based on – Training: Forest Survey of India (FSI) the Champion & Seth Classification has been imparting training since 1981 (1968), which is the standardized forest on the modern techniques applied in type classification system followed in forest inventory and surveys. During the India. The classification depicts India's current financial year, 100 forest rich forest diversity into 16 forest types personnel from the various State Forest groups and 200 types including subtypes Departments have been trained in the and variations. The exercise has been training courses run by the FSI till 31st undertaken under the National Natural December, 2011 on the following Resource Management System Sub- themes, to integrate modern technology Committee on Bio-Resources (NNRMS and field applications:- SC-B). ● Application of Remote Sensing and 1 – Forests & TOF inventory GIS in Effective Forest Planning and preparation: Inventory of forests and Management. Trees Outside Forests (TOF) is one of the ● Remote Sensing and its Application major activities of FSI. Forest growing in Natural Resource Management. stock (wood volume) has traditionally ● Application of GPS in Forest Surveys been a key indicator of forest wealth and Demarcation. and its estimation has formed a major ● Forest Inventory and TOF Inventory activity of forest resource assessment/ Techniques. inventory. In India, systematic forest Since its inception, more than 4,000 inventory began in 1864 when the Forestry Personnel from State Forest preparation of working plan started and Departments have been trained at FSI. has remained central to the forest Recently in a capacity building effort, management at divisional/district level. one week training on Change A new National Forest Inventory (NFI) detection and Vegetation Mapping has been designed and adopted by FSI was organized at USDA Forest Service since 2002. The country has been Remote Sensing Application Centre, divided into 14 physiographic zones & (RSAC) at Salt Lake City, Utah from 60 districts randomly selected from these December 12th to 16th December 2011 zones on probability proportional to size for five officers from Forest Survey of are inventoried in two years. The first India, one each from Indian Council of such estimate was published in 'SFR Forestry Research & Education and 2003'. In addition to inventory of forests, Ministry of Environment and Forests. The Trees Outside Forests (TOF) resources training was a good exposure to the are also inventoried concurrently to latest technologies and their applications provide a national estimate of growing for natural resource monitoring and stock of TOF on a two year cycle. About management. It has also provided a 10,000 sample plots are laid out in TOF perspective on what could be the future areas. In the recent past TOF resources collaborative areas for carrying out have gained importance because of capacity building.

29 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Fig-19. Sâwleng rama chul thlâm, a Typical jhum hut at Sâwleng Village in Mizoram

Major Achievements Chitradurga and Tumkur districts on the Indo US Forest and Carbon Workshop directions of the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India. The area affected due to mining Forest Survey of India (FSI) has conducted activities has been assessed between the two a three day workshop on Indo-US Forest periods i.e. 2000-2006 and 2006-2011 so Inventory and Monitoring of Carbon Tools as to identify the extent of mining and and Technologies during 7th - 9th June, 2011 subsequently the area mined outside the at FSI Dehradun. During the workshop FSI leased area on qualitative basis. Overall, the and United States Forest Services (USFS) present macro EIA study highlights the extent experts exchanged the methodologies and of mining and consequently the change in technologies being used for estimation and Land use and Land Cover during the period monitoring of forest and carbon. 2000-2011. Monitoring of Land Use and Land Forest Fire Monitoring Cover using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques in the Bellary, Chitradurga Forest fire monitoring has been carried and Tumkur Districts of Karnataka out in FSI since November 2005. As part of the process, the forest fire data generated by Land Use and Land Cover change MODIS satellite system is overlaid on the assessment based on the analysis of multi- forest cover map prepared by interpretation temporal satellite data has been carried out of satellite images. The latitude and longitude as part of Macro level Environmental Impact of the forest fire points are listed and uploaded Assessment (EIA) study carried out for Bellary, on the FSI website (www.fsi.nic.in). Since

30 Annual Report 2011-2012

March 2010, an SMS/e-mail alert service consultation for identification of landscapes was launched under which any internet user and operating units under Green India Mission registered on the FSI website via mobile at Forest Survey of India, Dehradun on 4th number/email address, gets an SMS/email November, 2011. The main objective of this alert every day summarizing the forest fire conference was identification of operational points detected in his area of interest in the areas ranging from 5,000 hectares - 10,000 last 24 hrs. The service has been applauded hectares. For the purpose of the study of area well and preliminary feedback suggests over at compartment level, South Seoni Division of 95% accuracy level. Efforts are being made Madhya Pradesh was selected. to reduce the reaction time of forest fire Aravalli Hills-Mining and Mapping reporting from 24 hrs to six hrs. This shall be Project achieved by collaborating with NRSC for transfer of direct readout of the satellite data The task of the mapping of mining areas which will be sent through FTP to FSI. In of the Aravalli hills and mining leases therein addition it is envisaged that Nodal officers for 15 districts of Rajasthan is being carried shall be created at the State Forest out by FSI pursuant to the Hon'ble Supreme Departments level to disseminate the Court Order dated 19.2.2010 in IA No. information received from FSI to the fire 828 in W.P. (Civil) no. 202/1995. 1 affected forest areas. As part of the same, delineation of 'Aravalli Hills' in the State of Rajasthan and Green India Mission creation of a mosaic and spatial database A meeting of officers of State Forest of high resolution satellite imageries of the Departments was held as part of the expert Aravalli Hills (LISS IV, CARTOSAT II, Quickbird

Fig-20. Task of the mapping of mining areas of the Aravali hills

31 Ministry of Environment & Forests etc.) of the latest period have been completed. Shillong and Chandigarh, with the The generation of the forest cover map (FCM) Headquarter unit at New Delhi in the Ministry:- of the Aravalli Hills based on LISS IV satellite Main functions (Objectives) of the data is presently being carried out. Regional offices are:- Forest Cover Mapping of Punjab State – To monitor and evaluate all ongoing using LISS IV satellite Data forestry development projects and scheme Forest Cover Mapping of Punjab State with specific emphasis on conservation was carried out by FSI in 2008 as part of of forests; a project. This project entailed forest cover – To assist the State/UT Governments in mapping of 17 districts of Punjab using IRS- preparation of the proposals involving P6 LISS IV (Spatial Resolution 5.8 m) and diversion of forests land for non-forestry total 172 LISS IV scenes covering the whole purposes under the provisions of of Punjab. Forest Cover assessed in all Forest(Conservation) Act, 1980; districts of Punjab has been mapped at the scale of 1:25000 with minimum mappable – To undertake physical inspection of site area of 0.125 hectare in different canopy in cases of diversion of forestland density classes. Forest nurseries, road side involving an area of more than 40 ha. plantation, rail side plantation, canal side – To monitor the implementation of plantation, new plantation areas conditions and safeguards stipulated by (Government/Private) and plantation in Central Government in the proposal agricultural land have been mapped under approved under Forest (Conservation) TOF category. Interpretation was followed by Act, 1980. extensive ground verification in July, 2011 – To assist the State/UTs in the preparation and November, 2011 respectively and the of management plans for working of necessary corrections were incorporated forest under their control within the subsequently. District wise Forest cover map framework of guidelines issued by Central of Punjab has been prepared. Government from time to time; National Spatial Data Infrastructure – To assist the State/UTs in streamlining (NSDI) collection, collation, storage and retrieval National Spatial Data Infrastructure of data / covering all forestry activities (NSDI) for India is an initiative undertaken by and to transmit such data to the Central Department of Science and Technology, Government/ Central Data Processing Government of India. NSDI aimed at Unit. encouraging collection, aggregation and – To dispose of proposal for diversion of distribution of spatial data on different themes forestland up five ha. & to examine / on a common defined set of standards and process the proposal above five ha. to formats by different mapping agencies in 40 ha.; except regularization of India. FSI is the nodal agency for forestry encroachment and mining. sector for the DST endeavour aimed at – To render assistance in preparation of creating a portal from which users may the National Forestry Action Plan. directly access and buy all kinds of spatial – To assist Paryavaran Vahinies in the data generated by Indian mapping agencies. capacity of observers as well as technical Network of Regional Offices advisors; Six Regional Offices have been set up – To monitor implementation of conditions at Bangalore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Lucknow, and safeguards laid down by the Ministry

32 Annual Report 2011-2012

for Environmental clearance under EPA The Ministry is in the process of preparing 1986. draft report of Indian Forest Certification The Headquarter Unit at New Delhi in Committee related to Standard setting, the Ministry is responsible for administration, accreditation body set up, set up of supervision and co-ordination of all the administrative and technical committee, activities relating to the functions assigned to structure of council, composition, ToRs of the the Regional Offices as enumerated above council, its objective activities and source of under the overall control of the Ministry of funding. Environment & Forests. Development of National Forestry Database Management System Forest Certification of Timber and (NFDMS) Non-Timber Forest Products The main objectives of the scheme are: Forest Certification has emerged as a voluntary market-driven mechanism in support – To prepare a blue print towards the of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM). development of National Forestry Certification initiatives rely on consumers Database Management System to monitor exercising purchasing choice in favour of the programmes. Forest Survey of India products labelled as originating from forests is its nodal agency. 1 certified to have been sustainably managed. – To develop Forest Statistics Database Certification and Eco-labelling are the new and to ensure advocate networking with mantras to enhance the product positioning the State / UTs Forest Department. The for a premium price on one hand and database system will collect, compile ensuring better forest management practices and disseminate information on the on the other hand. production and consumption pattern of The report by National Forest Certification forestry products including Timber, Non Committee was submitted in September, 2010 Wood Forest Products, Forest Trade and and was circulated to all the State Forest data related to Export, Import of Forestry Departments to furnish their comments on the Products. Scheme aims for development same. The Ministry has also constituted a of National Forest Management System Core Committee under the chairmanship integrated with information systems of of Director General of Forests & Special the States to ensure effective monitoring Secretary in the Ministry to undertake one- with a universal access of all stakeholders. on-one consultation with stakeholders and It is taken care of by Statistical Cell firm up the concept of the envisaged Indian under SU Division. Upgradation and Forest Certification Council. compilation of forestry data being a continuous process, the cell would After one to one consultation with different continue to work during 12th Five Year stakeholders, a meeting was also held in the Plan. Ministry on 13th and 14th June, 2011, where all the stakeholders unanimously accepted Forest Survey of India has submitted an the proposed framework of Indian Forest EFC Memo on Strengthening of Forestry Certification Council and it was suggested Database and Monitoring of all the Central that the Ministry should facilitate to prepare Sponsored Scheme during the current year a draft concept note of Indian Forest 2010-11. It was also decided that the above Certification Council as per the objectives of 'National Forestry Database recommendations received from various Management System' will be also be a part stakeholders. of schemes of FSI.

33 Ministry of Environment & Forests

The Ministry in the current year has also major producing NTFP States regarding reviewed the progress of the project 'Survey Minimum Support Price of Minor Forest of Status, Current Utilization and Potential for Produce. Sustainable Utilization of Biodiversity During the current year, the Ministry has Resources in Andaman & Nicobar Islands' released an amount of Rs. 15.89 lakhs to FRI, sanctioned to Andaman & Nicobar Islands Dehradun for the ongoing research project Forest & Plantation Development Corporation on estimation of Biomass, Role of Wood Ltd. (ANIFPDCL), Port Blair. Carving, Bamboo etc. During the current National Coordinated Programme for year, the Ministry has reviewed project on Assessment of Non-Timber Forest 'Ensuring Fair Returns to Primary Collectors Products Resources of Non timber Forest Products' which is executed by FRI, Dehradun. During the year The scheme was introduced during 11th 2010-11, the Ministry has also sanctioned a Five Year Plan for assessment of Non Timber project to Indian Council of Forestry Research Forest Product Resource focuses on & Education (ICFRE), Dehradun for preparation assessment, monitoring and evaluation studies of Forestry Sector Report, 2010. in the broad areas of forestry trade, production and disposal of NTFPs in the country. Other Works of the Division under mandate that may be mentioned are: Planning Commission has recently suggested that the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, – Export & Import of forestry Govt. of India, shall be the nodal and products and Tariff structure administrative Ministry for operationalizing forestry items the Minimum Support Price for Minor Forest The Division deals with the formulation Produces (MFPs). Planning Commission has of guidelines and directions for domestic and also given the responsibility to the Ministry international trade in forest produce and the of Environment & Forests for compiling necessary regulation of export and import of National Level information regarding data forest produce as per the Foreign Trade related to MFPs such as:- Policy as well as the applied Tariff rates. – Quick assessment of condition of 12-14 important MFPs – International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) - India's – Making available planting material Contribution – Training on sustainable productivity The International Tropical Timber – Management plans and working plans Organisation (ITTO) was established during of MFPs to be drawn up in a transparent 1983 and is governed by the International manner in consultation with Gram Sabhas Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA). The ITTO The Ministry of Environment & Forests is is a commodity organisation bringing together consulting various States for their suggestions the producer and consumer member countries for quick assessment of conditions of 12-14 to discuss and exchange information and important MFPs, making available planting develop policies of all aspects of the World material, training of sustainable productivity Tropical Timber Economy. The Headquarter and other issues. In this regard, few meetings of ITTO is at Yokohama, Japan. There are 60 at the national level were also conducted member countries, out of which 33 are during this year with the Nodal Officer from Producer member countries and 27 Consumer the States dealing with NTFP Management. member countries. India belongs to the group Even an advisory was circulated to some of the producing member countries. The

34 Annual Report 2011-2012

ITTO's membership represents 90% of world (FRA) alongwith Indian counterpart agencies trade in tropical timber and 80% of the i.e. ICFRE, FRI, TERI, State Forest Department world's tropical forests. of Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh and Orissa The International Tropical Timber States; Forest Survey of India; and Indian Agreement (ITTA), 1994 has been replaced Institute of Forest Management undertook a by a successor agreement, i.e. the ITTA review of the status of FLR in Madhya 2006. India as a signatory to ITTA 1994 has Pradesh, Orissa and Uttarakhand as pilot ratified and deposited the instrument of States for study, apart from the desk review ratification with the UN Secretary General in of FLR initiatives at country level. New York on 25th July, 2008. – Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) Cell The governing body of the ITTO is the International Tropical Timber Council (ITTC), Sustainable Management of Forests is which is composed of all the organization not a new concept in India. India remains members. The Council is supported by four committed to the goals of Sustainable Forest Committees namely:- Management is a signatory to the "Objective ● Committee on Economic Information and 2000" of the ITTO. Market Intelligence The Ministry has sanctioned the three 1 ● Committee on Reforestation and Forest projects on Criteria & Indicators for Management Sustainable Forest Management to Indian ● Committee on Forest Industry Institute of Forest Management (IIFM), Bhopal. During the current year, IIFM has submitted ● Committee on Finance and its report on above three projects to the Administration Ministry and the same will be reviewed in the Sh. A.M. Singh, IFS is a member of Ministry with the representative of State Expert Panel of ITTO from India and he has Forest Departments and Senior Officers of the attended 42nd & 43rd expert panel meetings Ministry. The FRI, Dehradun had been of ITTO in Yokohama, Japan during August, entrusted with responsibility to execute a 2011 & February, 2012 respectively. The project for revising Working Plan Code by 47th session of the International Tropical incorporating final C&I for SFM and annexing Timber Council (ITTC), the governing body of microplan processes for JFM areas and Eco- ITTO was held at Guatemala during 14th - development areas. 19th November, 2011 and was attended by Andaman & Nicobar Islands Deputy Inspector General of Forests, Survey – Forest and Plantation & Utilisation Division as Indian delegate. Development Corporation Ltd. – UK - India Forest Landscape Restoration Project Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest and Plantation Development Corporation Limited During the year, the Ministry has (ANIFPDCL) is a Government of India Public approved the Phase I of UK - India Forest Sector Undertaking, created in 1977 with the Landscape Restoration Project which is broad objectives of development and executed by Indian Council of Forestry managing forestry plantations on the Islands. Research & Education, Dehradun. The ICFRE, The Corporation has three main activities Dehradun has received Rs. 1.35 crores from namely (i) Forestry Project, (ii) Red Oil Palm DFID for the above project. During the 1st (ROP) and (iii) Katchal Rubber Project (KRP) phase of the project, the UK Forestry in operation. Though once a 'Mini Ratna', it Commission and their Forest Research Agency has now turned into a loss making undertaking

35 Ministry of Environment & Forests mainly due to the fact that its main activity ANIFPDCL in a period of five years from i.e. logging, has been curtailed by the 2011-2016, keeping in view that the majority Hon'ble Supreme Court's Order banning the of 1485 staff would be due for natural felling of trees. Presently, the obligatory attrition during the five years period. expenses of the Corporation like the payment Accordingly, a draft Cabinet Note was of salaries, wages etc. are possible due to prepared for phased closure of ANIFPDCL the sanction of interest bearing loans every alongwith pay / wage revision for processing. year from the Govt. of India. During the year In the meanwhile, Andaman & Nicobar 2011-12, an amount of Rs.11.00 crores Administration has proposed to take over the have been sanctioned and released to ANIFPDCL and revive it by diversifying its ANIFPDCL as an interest bearing loan for its activities by venturing into eco-tourism statutory requirements. provided its present liabilities are settled. The In view of the above circumstances, a SU Division is in the process of preparing decision was taken for phased closure of draft Cabinet Note & CNE for the same.

36 CHAPTER-2 CONSERVATION Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environmental Conservation freshwater, and soft substrate like mudflats to be able to grow and perpetuate. The Conservation and Management of Government has identified 38 mangrove Mangroves & Coral Reefs areas on a country wide basis for intensive Introduction conservation and management. (Table-6) The Ministry of Environment & Forests is The Government seeks to sustain at the forefront in regard to the Conservation mangroves in the country by both regulatory and Management of Mangroves & Coral and promotional measures. The Coastal Reefs. It accords high priority to the Regulation Zone Notification, 2011, conservation and management of mangroves recognizes the mangrove areas as and coral reefs in the country. ecologically sensitive and categorizes them as CRZ-I(i), which implies that these areas are The National Environment Policy and accorded protection of the highest order. the Scheme Under the promotional measures, as said The National Policy, 2006 recognizes before, the Government has identified 38 that Mangroves and Coral Reefs are an mangrove areas on a country wide basis for important coastal environmental resource. intensive conservation and management. They provide habitats for marine species; During the last financial year (2010-11), a protection from extreme weather events; and sum of Rs.7.10 crores were released to a resource base for sustainable tourism. The various Coastal States/UTs under the Centrally National Environment Policy underlines the Sponsored Scheme for 'Conservation and need to mainstream the sustainable Management of Mangroves'. management of mangroves into the forestry State/UT wise Mangrove Cover sector regulatory regime and adopt a comprehensive approach to Integrated Mangrove ecosystems are rich in Coastal Zone Management. biodiversity and harbor a number of floral and faunal species (both terrestrial and Mangroves aquatic) many of which, e.g. the tiger, Mangroves are plants that survive high gangetic dolphin, estuarine crocodile etc. salinity, tidal regimes, strong wind velocity, are critically endangered. They also act as high temperature and muddy anaerobic soil nurseries for fin fish, shell fish, crustaceans - a combination of conditions hostile for other and mollusks. Mangrove forests are regarded plants. The mangrove ecosystems constitute as the most productive ecosystems in the a symbiotic link or bridge between terrestrial world on account of the large quantities of and marine ecosystems. They are found in organic and inorganic nutrients released in the inter-tidal zones of sheltered shores, the coastal waters by these ecosystems. estuaries, creeks, backwaters, lagoons, The mangroves besides providing a marshes and mud-flats. Mangrove vegetation number of ecological services also play a has been reported in all the coastal States/ major role in protecting coastal areas from UTs. India is home to some of the best erosion, tidal storms and surges (tsunamis). mangroves in the world. West Bengal has the They help in land accretion by trapping the maximum of mangrove cover in the country fine debris particles. They are also an followed by Gujarat and Andaman & Nicobar important source of honey, tannins, wax, Islands. However, not all coastal areas are besides fish. Presently, these are one of the suitable for mangrove plantation as mangrove most threatened ecosystems on account of requires an appropriate mix of saline and both anthropogenic factors (reclamation of

38 Annual Report 2011-2012

Table-6. Mangroves Sites in India

State/Union Territories Mangrove areas West Bengal 1. Sunderbans Orissa 2. Bhaitarkanika 3. Mahanadi 4. Subernarekha 5. Devi-Kauda 6. Dhamra 7. Mangrove Genetic Resources Centre 8. Chilka Andhra Pradesh 9. Coringa 10. East Godavari 11. Krishna Tamil Nadu 12. Pichavaram 13. Muthupet 14. Ramnad 15. Pulicat 2 16. Andaman & 17. North Andamans Nicobar 18. Nicobar Kerala 19. 20. (Northern Kerala) Karnataka 21. Coondapur 22. Dakshin /Honnavar 23. 24. Manglore Forest Division Goa 25. Goa Maharashtra 26. Achra-Ratnagiri 27. Devgarh-Vijay Durg 28. Veldur 29. Kundalika-Revdanda 30. Mumbra-Diva 31. Vikroli 32. Shreevardhan 33. Vaitarna 34. Vasai-Manori 35. Malvan Gujarat 36. Gulf of Kutchh 37. Gulf of Khambhat 38. Dumas-Ubhrat land, discharge of waste etc) and natural assessing the mangrove cover using remote factors like global warming. sensing since 1987. in West Bengal accounts for In the first assessment, the estimated almost half of the total area under mangroves extent of the mangrove cover was 4,046 km2 in India. The Forest Survey of India has been which was carried out at 1:1 million scale.

39 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Fig-21. Mangroves, home to a variety of species, need conservation

Subsequently, from 1989 to 1999 the In case of Mangroves, the objectives of mangrove covers were assessed regularly on the Scheme are to help the coastal State a two-year cycle at 1:250,000 scale. Governments/Union Territories in Assessment from 2001 onwards has been rehabilitation of degraded Mangrove Areas carried out at 1:50,000 scale. State/UT- and enhance Mangrove cover by replantation wise mangrove cover as assessed by FSI in in the open mud flats etc. Financial Assistance different assessments is given in the Table-7. is given to coastal State Governments/Union Territories for implementation of Management The current assessment shows that the Action Plan on Mangroves under the Scheme. mangrove cover in the country is 4,662.56 100% assistance is given on grant basis to km2, which is 0.14 percent of the country's Coastal States/UTs for activities like Survey total geographical area. The very dense and Demarcation, Afforestation, Restoration, mangrove comprises 1403 km2 (30.10% of Alternative/Supplementary Livelihoods, the mangrove cover), moderately dense Protection Measures and Education & mangrove is 1658.12 km2 (35.57% of the Awareness. mangrove cover) while open mangroves cover an area of 1600.44 km2 (34.33% of the The mangrove plantation with an mangrove cover). Compared with 2009 average, annual target of 3,000 hectares is assessment, there has been a net increase of undertaken on a country wide basis. The 23.34 km2 in the mangrove cover of the areas supported are among the 38 areas as country. This can be attributed to increased already identified by MoEF for intensive plantations particularly in Gujarat State and conservation. During 2010-11, financial regeneration of natural mangrove areas. assistance to the tune of Rs. 7.10 crores had

40 Annual Report 2011-2012

Table-7. State/UT-wise status of mangrove cover (Area in km2)

S. State/UT Assessment Year No. 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2009 2011 Change w.r.t. 2009 1 Andhra 495 405 399 378 383 383 397 333 329 354 353 352 -1 Pradesh 2 Goa 0 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 16 16 17 22 5 3 Gujarat 427 412 397 419 689 901 1031 911 916 991 1,046 1058 12 4 Karnataka 0 0 0 0 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 0 5 Kerala 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 5 6 1 6 Maharashtra 140 114 113 155 155 124 108 118 158 186 186 186 0 7 Orissa 199 192 195 195 195 211 215 219 203 217 221 222 1 8 Tamil Nadu 23 47 47 21 21 21 21 23 35 36 39 39 0 9 West Bengal 2,076 2,109 2,119 2,119 2,119 2,123 2,125 2,081 2,120 2,136 2,152 2155 3

10 A&N Islands 686 973 971 966 966 966 966 789 658 635 615 617 2 11 Daman& 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1.56 0.56 Diu 12 Puducherry 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 Total 4,046 4,255 4,244 4,256 4,533 4,737 4,871 4,482 4,448 4,581 4,639 4662.56 23.56 2 been distributed among West Bengal, Orissa, various ongoing initiatives of the MFF Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, (India) programme. The 6th NCB meeting Karnataka, Goa and Gujarat for Conservation held on the 10th of August 2011 also & Management of Mangroves. approved eight new small grant projects Mangroves for Future (MFF) - India's in India, five of these have been Initiative: contracted in 2011 and the remaining will be rolled out in the first quarter of - The project entitled "Mangroves for Future 2012. (Table-8) (MFF): a strategy for promoting investment – The Regional Steering Committee (RSC)- in Coastal Ecosystem Conservation" is 8 was held in Male, Maldives during being coordinated by the International 24th - 26th October 2011. India was Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) represented in this meeting by Dr. J. R. covering, initially, eight countries Bhatt, Member Secretary NCB (India) (including India) in South Asia, South and Dr. N. M. Ishwar, MFF (India) East Asia and Western Indian Ocean. National Coordinator. As suggested by The project involves collaboration India, the RSC approved the regional between multiple partners, including colloquium on sharing good practices government agencies, NGOs, Research on Mangrove Restoration and Institutes, UN agencies and other Rehabilitation to be held in India during multilateral bodies. To oversee and guide August 2012. In addition to this regional the entire India country programme under event, the RSC also supported India's IUCN-MFF (India) Programme as well as submission on three national level training review, monitor and evaluate its events that are being proposed in 2012. implementation, a National Coordination These include: Body (NCB) has been constituted by the – Scuba diving for researchers and Ministry. key frontline forestry staff - In 2011, the NCB (India) met twice to – Taxonomy and long-term monitoring provide guidance and advice on the of lesser known marine taxa

41 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-8. Status of new small grant projects in India Duration (in MFF grant Current Partner Project months) value (INR) status Community stewardship in Action for the Protection conservation, restoration and 1 of Wild Animals 12 814,340 Commissioned sustainable management of (APOWA) mangroves in Orissa Seagrass resource survey and Suganthi Devadason assessment in Gulf of Mannar 2 Marine Research 15 855,700 Commissioned and Palk Bay, Southeastern Institute (SDMRI) India Stakeholder led management Wetlands International - 3 planning for Vembanad Kol 12 880,000 Commissioned South Asia backwaters, Kerala An assessment of the past and Wildlife Trust of India present dsitribution of the 4 13 834,900 Commissioned (WTI) Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) across the Indian Peninsula Commercially important gastropod shell resources and World Wildlife Fund 5 trade in India: Distribution, 18 794,200 Commissioned (WWF) Status & Conservation Strategies Mangrove conservation and management: enhancing Development livelihood opportunities for To be initiated 6 10 875,000 Alternatives (DA) mangrove dependent during 2012 communities in Bhitarkanika reserve forest Ecological assessment and Bombay Natural History education for conservation of To be initiated 7 18 868,500 Society (BNHS) mangrove community in during 2012 Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra Community based restoration, Coastal Gujarat Power plantation and conservation of To be initiated 8 Limited (CGPL, Tata 15 880,000 mangroves in village during 2012 Company) Kantiyajal, Bharuch, Gujarat Total Grant Amount (INR) 6,802,640

– Coastal zone management for knowledge products on India's coastal enhancement of alternative and marine diversity. These include; livelihood support for coastal – Children's book on Mangroves titled, communities 'Soldiers of our Coast'. (2010.IUCN – The RSC also recognized and endorsed India Office. ISBN 978-2-8317- the efforts made by NCB (India) and 1264-2) NCB (Sri Lanka) to develop a regional – A Scientific publication on project in the Gulf of Mannar region. Mangroves titled 'Towards The RSC requested that a detailed Conservation and Management of proposal on this be prepared jointly and Mangrove Ecosystems in India'. submitted for its initiation. (2010.IUCN India Office. ISBN – MFF (India) has also published several 978-2-8317-1264-2)

42 Annual Report 2011-2012

– A Scientific publication on Coral surveillance as the restoration work is both reefs titled 'Coral reefs in India - costly and time consuming. The Ministry Status, Threats and Conservation provides financial assistance to the State Measures' (in press). Forest Departments of all the four identified – In addition to the above knowledge coral reefs areas in the country for activities products, the MFF (India) also initiated like monitoring, surveillance, education & the production of a educational movie awareness. Besides, the Ministry also supports 'Guardians of the Coast', in partnership R&D activities with emphasis on targeted with Mr. Mike Pandey (Riverbank research on coral biodiversity, its management Studios). The movie showcases the including various aspects of pollution in these fascinating web of life that surrounds areas. these tidal forests, including the regulatory The Indian reef area is estimated to be and provisioning services they provide 2,375 km2 for encouraging targeted research and the livelihoods of local communities on both hard and soft corals in the country; that depend on them. The movie presents the Ministry has established a National Coral the unique collaborative efforts of Reef Research Centre at Port Blair. governments, regional and local institutions, NGOs, local communities Monitoring mechanism 2 and international agencies in saving Two tier system at National and State these vulnerable ecosystems and restoring level are in operation for effective coordination them to their former glory. The movie to implement the Scheme on Mangroves and now serves as an important knowledge Coral Reefs: product and awareness generating tool A. National level at a regional level for MFF. This movie was formally launched during RSC-8. – The National Committee on Mangroves – A large grant project entitled 'Alternative and Coral Reefs monitors the Livelihood Options for Vulnerable implementation of the approved mangrove Resource Users in the Management Action Plans of the Coastal Sunderbans Biosphere Reserve, West States & UTs. Bengal was signed on 16th November, – To supplement base line information on 2011 by Ms. Aban Marker Kabraji, priority areas of research, projects are Regional Director, IUCN Asia and Mr. sanctioned to Universities and research Suresh K. Das, Principal Secretary, Forest institutes. A meeting of the Expert Group- Department, Government of West Bengal. B on 'Conservation & Sustainable It will be implemented over two years Utilization of Natural Resources: and IUCN will pay to the Sunderbans Mangroves & Coral Reefs' was held on Biosphere Reserve a maximum of USD 23rd -24th March 2011. The Group 299,600. considered 48 projects and recommended ten research projects in Coral reefs the area of mangroves and coral reefs, The four major coral reefs areas identified which are being sanctioned by the for intensive conservation and management Ministry. are: i) Gulf of Mannar, ii) Gulf of Kachchh, B. State Level iii) Lakshadweep and iv) Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The emphasis is on – State level Steering Committee have preventive aspects through monitoring and been constituted under the Chairmanship of Chief secretaries/Additional Chief

43 Ministry of Environment & Forests

secretaries/Principal Secretaries of proposed projects and activities for 2011 Department concerned having members were discussed and agreed upon. from subject matter departments/ Biosphere Reserves academicians/ stakeholders/ representative from Central Government Introduction and Objective to discuss Management Action Plans Biosphere Reserves are areas of terrestrial and review conservation activities and coastal ecosystems which are undertaken from time to time. internationally recognized within the – Three Scientists (Mr. Rajendra Kumar, framework of the Man and the Biosphere MoEF, Dr. Deepak A. Apte, BNHS, and (MAB) programme of the UNESCO. These Dr. Richa Pandey, GEER Foundation) Reserves are required to meet a minimal set have been selected by the Ministry for of criteria and adhere to a minimal set of Post Graduate programme on 'Integrated conditions before being admitted to the Coastal Zone Management' at Asian World Network of Biosphere Reserves Institute of Technology, Bangkok, designated by the UNESCO. The world's Thailand. major ecosystem types and landscapes are – Regional Training Course on Project represented in this network, which is devoted Cycle Management for 37 participants to conserving biological diversity, promoting from 10 countries under MFF Programme research and monitoring as well as seeking in November, 2010 was held at Chennai. to provide models of sustainable development –6th NCB meeting was under the in the service of human kind with special chairmanship of Mr. M. F. Farooqui, reference to the local communities which Additional Secretary, MoEF on 11th mostly consist of traditional societies. January, 2011 at IUCN India Office. These Reserves are rich in biological Various decisions on the ongoing and and cultural diversity and encompass unique features of exception- ally pristine nature. The goal is to facili- tate conservation of these representative landscapes and their immense biological diversity and cultural heritage, foster eco- nomic and human development which is culturally and ecologi- cally sustainable and to provide support for research, monitoring, education and infor- mation exchange. The scheme is a pioneer- ing effort at pursuing the increasingly diffi- Fig-22. Coral formation, home to many species cult yet urgent task of

44 Annual Report 2011-2012 conserving ecological diversity under mount- Reserves included in the World Network of ing pressures. Biosphere Reserves. Research and development projects are also supported in Activities undertaken these designated Reserves. The programme was initiated in 1986 Progress/Achievements made during and till date, 18 sites have been designated the year as Biosphere Reserves (BRs) in different parts Management Action Plans (MAPs) of the country. Some potential sites have also submitted by the concerned States/UT were been identified. The Ministry provides financial scrutinized and sanctioned for implementation assistance to the concerned State/UT of approved items of activities. Governments for conservation and management of the designated Biosphere Periodic Review 2011 Reports of Reserves. The Indian National Man and Sunderban and Gulf of Mannar BRs which Biosphere (MAB) Committee constituted by have completed ten years after its inclusion the MoEF is the apex body to oversee the in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves programme, provide policy guidelines and of UNESCO are under updation to forward review the programme. the same to the MAB Programme of the UNESCO, Paris. Based on the proposal 2 Out of the 18 Biosphere Reserves designated nationally, so far seven viz., submitted by the Government of Madhya Pradesh, the site Panna, covering an area of Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka), 2 Gulf of Mannar (Tamil Nadu), Sunderban 2998.98 Km , has been designated as Panna Biosphere Reserve. (West Bengal), Nanda Devi, (Uttarakhand), Pachmarhi (Madhya Pradesh), Similipal – List of Biosphere Reserves with date of (Orissa) and Nokrek (Meghalaya) have designation, area and location in the been included in the World Network of State(s)/UT is given in Table-10. Biosphere Reserves of UNESCO. The nominations in respect of Khangchendzonga (Sikkim) and Achanakmar-Amarkan- tak (Chhattisgarh & Madhya Pradesh) Biosphere Reserves are under active consideration of the UNESCO for inclusion in the world Network. Revised nomination form in respect of Great Nicobar (Andaman & Nicobar Islands) Biosphere Reserve is getting finalized. Efforts are on for getting remaining Biosphere Fig-23. Common Crow (Euploea core), an indicator of biodiversity

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Table-9. Comparison of progress vis-a-vis that reports are evaluated achieved in previous year (in case of ongoing scheme) by experts and evaluation of the S. Activity 2010-11 2011-12 (as on completed research No. 9th March, 2012) projects is carried out 1 Number of Management action 18 13 by the designated plans sanctioned for committee. implementation in the BRs Biodiversity 2 Completed research projects 10 2 Conservation 3 Ongoing research projects 16 15 4 New BRs designated 1 1 To ensure 5 Nomination sent to UNESCO for 2 -- coordination among inclusion in the World Network various agencies of BRs dealing with the issues related to conservation of biodiversity and to review, monitor and – Completed research projects during the evolve adequate policy instruments for the period are at Annexure-IV same. . – Ongoing research projects during the period are at Annexure-III Progress/achievements during the year Budget allocation for the Scheme during the year and progress of Convention on Biological Diversity Expenditure – The Convention on Biological Diversity An amount of Rs.11.00 crores was (CBD), one of the key agreements allocated and the expenditure incurred upto adopted during the Earth Summit held in 9th March, 2012 is Rs.1015.83 lakhs. Rio de Janeiro in 1992, is the first comprehensive global agreement which Implementing organizations along addresses all aspects relating to with details of responsibilities biodiversity. The CBD, which has near Implementing organizations are the universal membership with 193 countries concerned State(s)/UT Government Forest as its Parties, sets out commitments for Departments and other line Departments. The maintaining the world's ecological approved items of the activities by the Central underpinnings, while pursuing economic Government from the recommended items by development. The Convention, while the State/UT Level Steering Committee chaired reaffirming sovereign rights of nations by Chief Secretary/ concerned Principal over their biological resources, Secretary are being monitored by their establishes three main goals: the monitoring Committee, the designated BR conservation of biological diversity, the manager and the Eco development sustainable use of its components, and Committees/ JFM represented by the local the fair and equitable sharing of the communities. benefits arising out of the use of genetic resources. India is a signatory to the Universities, Research Institutions, State CBD, which reaffirms the sovereign rights Forest Research Institutions, Autonomous of the States over their Biological bodies are conducting research activities on Resources. the sanctioned research projects in the BR areas and the periodic progress and review – Following the decision of the tenth

46 Annual Report 2011-2012

Table-10. List of Designated Biosphere Reserves

S. Name of the BR & Date of Location in the States /UT No total geographical designation area (km2) 1. Nilgiri (5520) 01.08.1986 Part of Wynad, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Madumalai, , Silent Valley and Siruvani hills (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka) 2. Nanda Devi 18.01.1988 Part of Chamoli, Pithoragarh & Almora Districts (5860.69) in Uttarakhand 3. Nokrek 01.09.1988 Part of East, West and South Garo Hill districts (820) in Meghalaya 4. Manas 14.03.1989 Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, (2837) Nalbari, Kamprup and Darang districts in Assam. 5. Sunderban 29.03.1989 Part of delta of & Brahamaputra river (9630) system in West Bengal. 6. Gulf of Mannar 18.02.1989 India part of Gulf of Mannar extending from 2 (10500) Rameswaram island in the North to Kanyakumari in the South of Tamil Nadu. 7. Great Nicobar 06.01.1989 Southern most island of Andaman and Nicobar (885) Islands. 8. Similipal (4374) 21.06.1994 Part of Mayurbhanj district in Orissa. 9. Dibru-Saikhowa 28.07.1997 Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts in Assam (765) 10 Dehang Debang 02.09.1998 Part of Upper Siang, West Siang and Dibang (5111.5) Valley districts in Arunachal Pradesh. 11. Pachmarhi 03.03.1999 Part of Betul, Hoshangabad and Chhindwara (4981.72) districts in Madhya Pradesh. 12 Khangchendzonga 07.02.2000 Part of North and West districts in Sikkim ( 2619.92 ) 13. Agasthyamalai 12.11.2001 Part of Thirunelveli and Kanyakumari districts in (3500.36) Tamil Nadu and Thiruvanthapuram, Kollam and Pathanmthitta districts in Kerala. 14. Achanakmar- 30.03.2005 Part of Anuppur and Dindori districts of Madhya Amarkantak (3835.51) Pradesh and Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh. 15. Kachchh 29.01.2008 Part of Kachchh, Rajkot, Surendranagar and (12,454) Patan districts in Gujarat. 16. Cold Desert 28.08.2009 Pin Valley National Park and surroundings; (7770) Chandratal & Sarchu; and Kibber Wildlife sanctuary in Himachal Pradesh. 17. Seshachalam 20.09.2010 Seshachalam hill ranges in (4755.997) encompassing part of Chittoor and Kadapa districts in Andhra Pradesh. 18. Panna (2998.98) 25.08.2011 Part of Pann and Chhattarpur districts in Madhya Pradesh

* Sites with bold letters have been included in the World Network of BRs of UNESCO.

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Biodiversity, organized by the Ministry on 23rd May, 2011 to launch the UN Decade for Biodiversity for the Asia & Pacific. – A multi-tier coordination mechanism has been developed for reviewing the progress in preparation for CoP-11. A meeting of the National Steering Committee co-chaired by the Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh and the Minister for Environment & Forests was held on 6th June, 2011, the Fig-24. Glassy Tiger ( aglea) next meeting is scheduled to be held in January 2012. Conference of the Parties (CoP-10) to the Meetings of National Working Group CBD held in Nagoya, Japan in October co-chaired by the Chief Secretary, 2010, accepting India's offer to host the Government of Andhra Pradesh and next CoP to the CBD, preparations for Secretary (E&F) and an Interministerial organization of CoP-11 were initiated. Steering Committee chaired by Secretary Necessary clearances from political and (E&F) are held regularly. The Government security angles were obtained from the of Andhra Pradesh has constituted a Ministries of External Affairs and Home CoP Cell under the chairmanship of Affairs, respectively. Adopting a tender Additional Chief Secretary with process, the venue of CoP-11 was representation of all relevant decided as Hyderabad International Departments. Convention Centre in Hyderabad. An - The Executive Secretary of CBD SFC memo for hosting CoP-11 was Secretariat visited the CoP-11 venue in prepared and after approval, the October 2011, and met senior officers financial proposal was cleared by the of the Ministry and Government of Cabinet. The process of selecting a Andhra Pradesh. This was followed by Professional Conference Organiser has the visit of UN Security and CBD been initiated and is underway. Conferencing teams in November 2011. – For preparation of logo and slogan of - Discussions are being held with various CoP-11, the services of National Institute stakeholders on CoP-11. An innovative of Design, Ahmedabad were means to create mass awareness on commissioned. The logo along with the biodiversity, the Science Express slogan of CoP-11 in Sanskrit 'Prakriti Biodiversity Special team is being Rakshati Rakshita' (Nature Protects if developed as a collaborative efforts She is Protected) was released by the between Department of Science & Minister for Environment & Forests during Technology and this Ministry. high-level event, the National – As per the past practice, as a part of Consultation of Stakeholders on CoP-11, India will also host a high level

48 Annual Report 2011-2012

segment of CoP-11 on the last three days on Nagoya Protocol (ICNP-2) is being from 17-19 October 2012. India has hosted by India in New Delhi from 7-13 identified the following five themes for April, 2012. It is also proposed to discussion in the high level segment: organize capacity building workshops – Biodiversity and livelihoods on ABS for African and ASEAN regions. – Integration of value of biodiversity – On the sidelines of CoP-11, a number in national planning and accounting of parallel events would be held, such process as side events, interactive fair and exhibition, International Youth Forum, – Strategy for resource mobilization Cities and Biodiversity Summit, Business – Coastal and marine biodiversity and Biodiversity meet etc. – Operationalisation of Nagoya – CoP-11 is expected to be the largest Protocol such conference to be held in the country, – Invitations have been sent from the with participation of thousands of Minister for Environment & Forests delegates from all countries of the world, to Environment Ministers of all including Heads of State / Governments, countries for the high level segment. Ministers / Vice-Ministers, senior The Prime Minister of India has 2 Government officials, heads and senior been requested to inaugurate the officers of UN and multilateral agencies, high level segment. private sector, academia, civil society – As incoming President of CoP-11, India organizations etc. is also hosting some important – India, a recognized megadiverse country, preparatory intersessional meetings, the has developed a strong legal and policy outcomes of which will feed into CoP-11. framework on biodiversity, and is These include: recognized globally as a pioneer and – Subregional workshop for capacity trendsettler in biodiversity issues. Hosting building on Protected Areas held at of CoP-11 provides an opportunity to Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun augment and showcase India's strengths from 6-10 December 2011 on biodiversity, thereby facilitating the – Second Subregional workshop on process of India emerging as a leading updating National Biodiversity voice in biodiversity conservation while Strategies and Action Plans held at defining and driving the global agenda Wildlife Institute of India - Dehradun in the coming years. from 6-10 December 2011. – Subsequent to the adoption of the Nagoya – Subregional capacity building Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing workshop on Clearing House at CoP-10 under the aegis of CBD, action Mechanism held at Forest Survey of was initiated for signing of the Nagoya India, Dehradun from 12-16 Protocol. A draft note for the Cabinet December 2011 was prepared, circulated to the concerned – Expert Group meeting on Ministries / Departments, and upon biodiversity for poverty eradication completion of interministerial consultations, and development held at Forest submitted to the Cabinet. After Cabinet's Research Institute, Dehradun from approval, the Nagoya Protocol was 12-14 December 2011 signed by India on 11th May, 2011. – In addition to the above, the Second Thereafter, action has been initiated for meeting of Intergovernmental Committee ratification of this Protocol. Interministerial

49 Ministry of Environment & Forests

consultations on the draft Cabinet note (ICNP-1) held in Montreal from 6- prepared for this purpose are underway. 10 June 2011 Parallely, consultations are also being – Meeting of CoP Presidencies held in held with the experts to examine the Geneva on 3rd September, 2011 provisions of the Nagoya Protocol vis-à- – Seventh meeting of Working Group vis the Biological Diversity Act. on Article 8j, and fifteenth meeting – In pursuance of various decisions of of SBSTTA held in Montreal from CoP-10 to the CBD, India has been 31st October -4th November and 7- responding to various notifications 11 November, 2011 being received from the CBD – Subregional workshop for capacity Secretariat, inter alia by making building on Protected Areas held at submissions, and nominating experts Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun for various expert meetings. India has from 6-10 December 2011 also initiated action in accordance with the CoP-10 decisions on some of – Second Subregional workshop on the issues such as setting of national updating National Biodiversity targets, and updating of India's Strategies and Action Plans held at National Biodiversity Action Plan in Wildlife Institute of India - Dehradun line with the Strategic Plan on from 6-10 December 2011. Biodiversity. During the year, action – Subregional capacity building was also initiated for a national study workshop on Clearing House on the lines of the global study on The Mechanism held at Forest Survey of Economics of Ecosystems and India, Dehradun from 12-16 Biodiversity (TEEB). Towards this, a December 2011 two-day expert consultation workshop – Expert Group meeting on on India TEEB was organized by the biodiversity for poverty eradication Ministry at the Indian Institute of Forest and development held at Forest Management, Bhopal on 15 and 16 Research Institute, Dehradun from September 2011. 12-14 December 2011 – During the year, Indian delegations – Some other CBD meetings in which India participated in important meetings is likely to participate during the year organized by the CBD. These included: include: Expert meeting on compliance – Asia Regional workshop on with Nagoya Protocol to be held at biodiversity and finance in support Montreal from 28th February to 1st March of Nagoya outcomes held in Da Lat 2012; Dialogue seminar on scaling up City, Vietnam on 8th April, 2001 finance for biodiversity to be held at – Expert meeting on modalities of Quito, Ecuador from 6-9 March 2012; operation of ABS Clearing House and Global workshop on national held in Montreal from 11-14 April experiences in implementing Strategic 2011 Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 to be held at Brasilia from 12-14 March 2012. – Subregional workshop on updating of National Biodiversity Strategy – India, as the incoming Presidency of and Action Plan held in Xian, China CoP-11 is an Observer on CoP Bureau, from 9-16 May, 2011 and attends its meetings. India has also been selected as one of the two countries – First meeting of Intergovernmental to represent the Asia Pacific region on Committee on Nagoya Protocol

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the Bureau of ICNP. West Bengal, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Biological Diversity Act, 2002 Maharashtra and Assam have notified the state specific rules in accordance with the – Taking cognizance of the International Section 63(1) of the Act. Convention on Biodiversity (CBD), and – So far, over 31000 BMCs have been to address the excessive pressure on constituted by the local bodies in 14 states biodiversity, the Government of India (Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, has enacted Biological Diversity Act, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, 2002 (BDA 2002). Accordingly, the Kerala, Goa, Nagaland, Manipur, Uttar national, state and local level mechanisms Pradesh, Gujarat, Punjab, Mizoram and have been provided for implementation Tripura) and 932 PBRs have been of the Act. At the national level, National documented in eight states (Andhra Biodiversity Authority (NBA) has been Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, established by Government of India in Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Uttarakhand October, 2003 at Chennai (Tamil Nadu) and West Bengal), of which 189 PBRs under Section (8) of the Biological have been prepared during the year. Diversity Act. The State Biodiversity – During the year, four meetings of the Boards (SBB) have been established by th 2 Authority were held on 04 May, 2011, the State Governments and Biodiversity 20th June, 2011, 09th August, 2011 and Management Committees (BMC) 22nd November, 2011, and important constituted by the local bodies. decisions were taken on different matters. – The NBA is a body corporate established Forty four applications were received in accordance with the provisions of and are at various stages of processing Sec.8 of the Biological Diversity Act, during the period. 2002, at Chennai w.e.f. 1st October – The process of selection of the new 2003. It is an autonomous, statutory and Chairman of NBA was completed, and regulatory organization which is intended Dr Pisupati Balakrishna joined as to implement the provisions of Biological Chairman, NBA on 12th August, 2011. Diversity Act, 2002. – Twenty-five States have so far set up the State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs). The matter is being pursued with Bihar, Maharashtra and Jammu & Kashmir which have yet to set up SBBs. Fourteen states viz. Arunachal Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Sikkim, Fig-25. Lemon Pansy, (Junonia lemonias)

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Biological Diversity Act, in the context of ratifying the Nagoya Protocol in New Delhi on 26th November, 2011. – A meeting of the State Biodiversity Boards held at Chennai in January 2012. – A UNEP/GEF project on Strengthening the implementation of Biological Diversity Act to be implemented by MoEF through NBA was launched on 23rd August, 2011 at Chennai. The project would Fig-26. An agamid lizard (Calotes maria) - Found only in Lengteng Wildlife be implemented in five States Sanctuary (Mizoram) and Meghalaya. (Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, – Some of the important actions taken up Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim and West during the year to implement various Bengal). State level launches of the provisions of the Act include the following: project were held in Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal in November and – In pursuance of Section 38 of the December 2011, respectively. Act relating to notification of threatened species, the Ministry has – Work was continued under the UNDP notified species which are on the project on Strengthening the institutional verge of extinction for three States, structures to implement the Act in Madhya namely, Bihar, Tamil Nadu and Pradesh and Jharkhand. Tripura, during the year, taking the – Work was also continued for developing number of States to 14. a full scale project on established of a – In accordance with Section 37 Centre for Biodiversity Policy and Law relating of notification of Biodiversity (CEBPOL) at NBA, Chennai, with technical support from Norway. Heritage Sites during the year, the Government of Karnataka has – NBA sponsored and supported activities notified three more such sites at of the SBBs to celebrate the International nd Hogrekan, University of Agricultural Biodiversity Day on 22 May, 2011. Sciences, GKVK campus, and Biodiversity Scheme / Genetic Ambargudda. Engineering Approval Committee – NBA and MoEF organized a discussion (GEAC) meeting with various stakeholders at Introduction and objectives Chennai on 18th October, 2011 to discuss the agenda and country position The Ministry of Environment and Forests for CBD meetings on 8j Working Group (MoEF), under the Environment (Protection) and SBSTTA-15. Act 1986, has notified the "Rules for the – NBA conducted an expert meeting on Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage Nagoya Protocol and its relevance to of Hazardous Microorganisms/Genetically

52 Annual Report 2011-2012

Engineered Organisms or Cells 1989" (known During Kharif 2011, the Standing as Rules, 1989) with a view ensure sound Committee constituted by the GEAC under application of biotechnology making it the 'Event Based approval Mechanism' has possible to accrue benefits arising from recommended 106 Bt cotton hybrids for modern biotechnology while minimizing the commercial cultivation. risks to environment and human health. Status of approval of other GM crops The rules also cover the application of in India hazardous microorganisms which may not – The biosafety data submitted by M/s be genetically modified. Hazardous Dow Agro-sciences India Pvt. Ltd for microorganisms include those which are environmental release of two transgenic pathogenic to animals as well as plants. 'Widestrike' cotton hybrids namely; WS The Genetic Engineering Appraisal 103 and WS 106 expressing Cry 1Ac Committee, the apex body under the Rules, and Cry 1F genes (Event 281-24-236) 1989 has the mandate to accord approval in South Zone is under review by the of activities involving (i) large scale use of GEAC. genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in – BG-II RRF cotton expressing cry-I Ac and research and (ii) environmental release of Cry-2 Ab and CP-4 EPS (event MON 2 GMOs. Eight meetings of the GEAC have 15985 X MON 88913) developed by been held from April, 2011 till December M/s Mahyco and transgenic corn 2011. expressing cry2Ab2, cry1A 105 (Event The overall objectives of the program MON 89034) & CP4EPSPS (Event is to ensure that research and development NK603) by M/s Monsanto India Ltd and testing of LMOs prior to environmental have entered Biosafety Research Level- release are conducted in a safe and scientific II trials with the approval of GEAC. manner through appropriate implementation – In addition, other GM crops such corn, of Rule 1989 and biosafety guidelines notified , tomato, , castor, rubber, therein; cotton, brinjal, mustard, groundnut, Progress/Achievements made during sorghum, okra, wheat, watermelon, the year papaya, sugarcane, banana and pigeon pea have been approved by the GEAC Commercial Release of transgenic for field testing to identify suitable Crops events and generation of biosafety data. Bt cotton hybrids expressing Cry 1 Ac However, in view of objections raised by gene (MON 531 event) and stacked genes some State Governments, the applicants Cry1 Ac and Cry 2Ab (MON 15985 event)- have been directed to obtain NOC from BG-II developed by M/s Mahyco; encoding the State Governments where the trials fusion genes (cry 1Ab+Cry Ac) 'GFM are to be conducted before issuance of developed by M/s Nath Seeds; cry 1Ac the approval letter. In view of this new gene (Event-1) developed by M/s J. K. Agri requirement, currently field testing of Genetics Ltd; Cry 1Ac gene (Dharwad event) only cotton, mustard and corn have developed by Central Institute of Cotton been initiated. Research (CICR); and Cry 1C (event 9124) – As a follow-up to the moratorium on Bt developed by M/s Metahelix Life Sciences brinjal, the Ministry has received several are currently under commercial cultivation in reports from both nation and international India. experts on the merits and demerits of

53 Ministry of Environment & Forests

GM crops in general and Bt brinjal in – Study on "Monitoring the development particular. A meeting of the GEAC to of resistance to Bt gene in cotton consult with experts and scientists on crop" by CICR is in progress. the safety of Bt. Brinjal was held on – South-Asia Conference on Current April, 27, 2011. Several of the Approaches to the Environmental Risk Experts recommended "Limited release Assessment (ERA) of Genetically of Bt seeds to identified farmers under Engineered Crops was held on 16-18th strict expert supervision should be May, 2011 at New Delhi. undertaken to evaluate its performance – To enhance awareness on biosafety in public space. In the interim period regulation and associated activities at additional studies may be prescribed". the domestic and international level, the But some experts wanted additional Ministry has introduced electronic studies to be done before release. In 'Biosafety Newsletter'. So far three the absence of consensus, the GEAC issues have been introduced and has decided to have further consultation circulated across 4000 stakeholders. with experts on the suggestions for The online version is available on the additional studies. GEAC website (http://moef.nic.in/ Streamlining of the Biosafety divisions/csurv/geac/information.html). Regulatory Procedure under Rules, Regulatory Acts/Rules governing the 1989. programme and promulgation of new acts, if any, along with the details – The Gazette Notification exempting GM processed food and products thereof Under the Environment (Protection) Act, from the purview of Rules, 1989 issued 1986, the Rules for Manufacture, Use/Import/ on 15th October, 2007 has been kept Export & Storage Of Hazardous Micro in abeyance till 30th September, 2012 Organisms/ Genetically Engineered – Review of the existing national regulatory Organisms or Cells, 1989 were notified by biosafety framework with a view to MoEF through Notification No. 621 in Official harmonize the obligations under Gazette of Govt. of India on December 5, Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB) 1989. is in progress. The implementation of Rules 1989 is – Draft guidance document for information/ being administered by the Ministry of data generation and documentation for Environment and Forests (MoEF) and safety assessment of GE Plants during Department of Biotechnology (DBT). These biosafety research level trials -I (BRL-I) rules define the competent authorities and and biosafety research level trials -II composition of such authorities for handling (BRL-II) has been prepared and is of various aspects of the rules. Presently there awaiting GEAC approval. are six Competent Authorities i.e. The – Development of new GEAC website and Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee backend biosafety database to (RDAC), Institutional Biosafety Committee operationalize the new biosafety website (IBSC), Review Committee on Genetic is in progress. Manipulation (RCGM), Genetic Engineering – Biological documents for Cotton, Brinjal, Approval Committee (GEAC), State Okra, Maize and Rice have been Biotechnology Coordination Committee published. (SBCC), District Level Committee (DLC). While RDAC has an advisory role, IBSC, RCGM

54 Annual Report 2011-2012 and GEAC are involved in regulations and The main objective of the Protocol is to SBCCs and DLCs are involved in monitoring. contribute to ensuring an adequate level of Implementing organizations along protection in the field of the safe transfer, with details of responsibilities handling and use of LMOs resulting from modern biotechnology that may have adverse Rules 1989 is implemented by MoEF, effect on the conservation and sustainable Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry use biological diversity, taking into account of Science and Technology. MoEF is primarily risk to human health. responsible for conservation and protection of Progress/achievements made during environment, ensuring environmental and the year human health safety before release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and – India became a signatory to the recently products thereof. The mandate of the DBT is adopted 'Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur to promote biotechnology, provide services in Supplementary Protocol on Liability and areas of research, infrastructure, generation of Redress under Cartagena Protocol on human resource and formulation of guidelines Biosafety' on 11th October 2011, and protocols for safety assessment of GMOs. subsequent to the cabinet approval. As of date 36 countries are signatory to the Under the Rule, approval for research 2 Supplementary Protocol. Only one and Biosafety Regulation Level-I (BRL-I) country Latvia has ratified the confined field trial of transgenic plants are Supplementary Protocol being regulated by RCGM, administered by Department of Biotechnology (DBT). Whereas, – The process of ratification has been BRL-II trial and environmental release of initiated by the Ministry for which a transgenic crops are appraised and approved study has been commissioned to probe by GEAC administered by MoEF. the legal implication of ratification of the Supplementary Protocol by India. Biodiversity Scheme/ Cartagena – The Second National Report on Biosafety Protocol implementation of CPB by India has been Objective submitted. The report was prepared and validated through a series of consultation The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, meetings with experts and stakeholders the first international regulatory framework organized by the Ministry. for safe transfer, handling and use of living Modified Organisms (LMOs) was negotiated Preparation for sixth meeting of under the aegis of the Convention on Conference of Parties serving as Biological Diversity (CBD). The Protocol was Meeting of Parties (COP-MOP-6) to adopted on 29th January 2000. India has Protocol being held in October 2012 acceded to the Biosafety Protocol on 17th in India January 2003. The Protocol has come into – Three preparatory Regional Workshops force on 11th September 2003. As of date for COP-MOP-6 were successfully 162 countries are Party to the CPB. Five organized under the aegis of Convention meetings of the Conference of Parties serving on Biological Diversity in Delhi. These as Members of the Parties to the Cartagena include: Protocol (COP-MOP) on Biosafety have been held so far. The Sixth meeting of COP-MOP – Workshop on Capacity-Building for is being hosted by India at Hyderabad from Research and Information Exchange 1st-5th October, 2012. on Socio-Economic Impacts of Living

55 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Modified Organisms under retiring specialists. In other words, a wide Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, gap exists between the magnitude of 14-16th November 2011 taxonomic expertise needed and the available – Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on limited taxonomic knowledge base. Further, the Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur many microbes, plants and animals are yet Supplementary Protocol on Liability to be discovered and identified. To manage and Redress to the Cartagena the biological resources and to meet the Protocol on Biosafety, 17-18th challenges of 21st century, the issue of November 2011 'taxonomic impediments' needs to be – Asia Sub-Regional Training of addressed urgently. Trainers' Workshop on the For devising effective conservation and Identification and Documentation of management strategies, one needs to know: Living Modified Organisms, 21-25th (i) what kind of species are found, (ii) where November 2011 they occur, (iii) what are their characteristics Capacity Building or attributes, and (iv) how they are related to one another. These questions can be The Ministry has received GEF approval answered only by specialists. Besides the to the 'Full Scale Project' (FSP) document for basic inputs needed for understanding UNEP-GEF Externally Aided Project on biodiversity, the taxonomic studies also result capacity building in biosafety. The process in weaving the data obtained on the species for setting up of Project Coordination and into a system of classification which is used Monitoring Unit has been initiated. Project by the scientists and others. inception workshop is tentatively scheduled in March, 2012. Taxonomy is also central to and an integral part of the conservation and To enhance awareness among various sustainable utilization of biological diversity. stakeholders; three training workshops on It is this aspect that led the Convention on use of Biosafety Clearing House (BCH) as a Biological Diversity (CBD) to emphasize the tool for providing information on LMOs was role of taxonomy in its implementation at the organised with GEF-UNEP assistance. national, regional and global level. As a All India Coordinated Project on signatory to the CBD, India stands committed Capacity Building in Taxonomy to capacity building in taxonomy and to (AICOPTAX) undertake exploration and preparation of an Taxonomy occupies the position of a inventory of living organisms. So far around mother science in biology as it deals with the 91,000 species of animals and 45,500 classification of all living and extinct species of plants have been identified and organisms. Therefore, it is a key science to described but a large number of animals and help ensure sustainable utilization, plants are yet to be explored, identified and conservation of biological resources and described. India started building capacity in implementation of the Convention on Taxonomy much before the Global Taxonomic Biological Diversity (CBD). There is an overall Initiative (GTI) coming into existence, through decline in expertise in the taxonomy of overall strengthening of Botanical and several groups of living organisms. Moreover, Zoological surveys, as well as, in 1999 the existing taxonomic base is eroding rapidly launching a dedicated All India Coordinated due to non-availability of professionals and Project on Capacity Building in Taxonomy lack of trained man-power to replace the (AICOPTAX) by the Ministry.

56 Annual Report 2011-2012

The AICOPTAX has a sole mission - 11. Orchids "Enhancement of country's capabilities for 12. Palms inventorying, monitoring, conserving and 13. Grasses and bamboos utilizing biodiversity as well as for establishing 14. Pteridophytes and gymnosperms leadership in the field of taxonomy at regional 15. Research in plant biosystematics and global levels". AICOPTAX, an active and advanced training in taxonomy programme channelized at the national level 16. Helminthes and Nematodes to address the problems of inadequate 17. Crustacea taxonomic knowledge due to limited number 18. Mollusca of taxonomists available in the country, is 19. Insects: coleoptera fully funded by the MoEF. It has the following 20. Insects: hymenoptera main objectives: 21. Insects: blateria and tettigonids 24. Insects: miscellaneous order – Survey, collection, identification and 25. Arachnida preservation of elements of biodiversity 26. Oomycetes and cellular slime moulds of the country with emphasis on protected 27. Protozoa and sporozoa areas. 28. Annelida – Training research fellows and college 29. Meiofauna 2 teachers by building capacity in the field 30. Research in animal biosystematics of taxonomy. and advanced training in taxonomy – Maintain collections and taxonomic data Of the aforesaid 30 thematic areas, only banks. 15 could be implemented so far. The work – Develop identification manuals. of the thematic areas of AICOPTAX was – Generate information needed for decision assigned to 15 coordinators along with 61 making in conservation and sustainable collaborators. The coordinators also oversee use of biological diversity. and monitor the activities for achieving the – Integration of taxonomic capacity into aims and objectives outlined in the thematic the national reporting process. areas. – Enhance local and regional capacity in The remaining 15 thematic areas are in taxonomy. the process of being taken up for investigation To start with, 30 thematic areas were under AICOPTAX in phased manner. chosen for investigation under the AICOPTAX. The Ministry, with the technical support These were: from BSI & ZSI, has brought out a Programme 1. Plant viruses Brief on Taxonomy Capacity Building: Indian 2. Animal viruses Initiative (based on outcome of research 3. Pathogenic bacteria work done under 76 projects between 1999- 4. Non-pathogenic bacteria 2007 embodying 570 species new to 5. Pathogenic fungi science), as a showcase document by th 6. Non-pathogenic fungi Government of India during the 10 7. Fresh water phytoplankton/ Conference of Parties to the Convention on Algae(including blue green algae) Biological Diversity held in October, 2010 at 8. Fresh water zooplankton (including Nagoya, Japan. euglenoids/ciliates/rhizopods) The Steering Committee for the 9. Lichens AICOPTAX Scheme has been extended until 10. Bryophytes 03rd July, 2013 along with the continuation

57 Ministry of Environment & Forests of a Project Monitoring Unit (PMU). A meeting duration of three years and was subsequently of the Steering Committee was held on 13th further extended till 31st December, 2012. February, 2009 during which the entire A total sum of approx Rs. 13.50 Crores (US$ scheme was reviewed and following five new 3 Million) is allocated under the project. thematic areas have been proposed for These four states have large stretches of forest implementation: that are controlled and managed by the – Crustacea communities and development of alternative – Coleoptera sources of income assumes importance as the communities depend mainly on the natural – Hymenoptera resources for their livelihoods. – Arachnidae The project aims to focus on components – Floristic and Faunistic Surveys of North like conservation of species and habitats Eastern Region of the Country through community-based management; Accordingly, three projects have been Ecological restoration; gender equity and conceived under the thematic area Crustacea; resource rights over common pool resources; six projects under Coleoptera; six projects Revitalization of indigenous knowledge, under Hymenoptera; four projects under equitable customary laws and practices and Arachnidae; fourteen projects under Floristic ethical values recognizing socio-economic Surveys of North Eastern Region and one and gender differences; Nurturing existing project under Faunistic Survey in the North as well as new self-governing community East Region of the country. These are being institutions following principles of participatory processed in consultation with Integrated decision-making, gender and social equity. Finance Division of the Ministry for sanction Keeping these issues in background, the and release of funds during the current project envisages with following objectives- financial year. – To facilitate the process of making the GOI-UNDP CCF-II project "Biodiversity National and state-level policies and Conservation through Community programmes more responsive to linkages based Natural Resource between sustainable rural livelihood Management" – To enhance the capacity of communities and institutions of decentralized The project envisages to encourage governance for integrating sustainable communities to take responsibility for biodiversity based livelihoods through managing their Natural resources and participatory micro planning, while recognize use of traditional and community ensuring equity, transparency and knowledge to secure biodiversity-based accountability. livelihoods. The project envisages to facilitate the process of making the national and state- Comparison of progress vis-a-vis that level policies and programmes more achieved in previous year responsive to linkages between sustainable In the current year the in-situ conservation rural livelihoods and biodiversity conservation is being carrying out in more than 23,000 and to enhance the capacity of communities ha area, 3 new nurseries including 1 high and institutions of decentralized governance. altitude established and more than 15 skill The project is being implemented in four strengthening and capacity building states namely Arunachal Pradesh, programmes organized in all four states. Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Orissa. The Fourteen NTFP and agro-forestry based micro- project started in September 2008 for a enterprises established during previous year

58 Annual Report 2011-2012 are also being supported and maintained during current year. Progress/Achievements made during the year The details of state-wise physical progress made during the period are as follows: Arunachal Pradesh – The dependence of the local tribal population on forest for fuel and fire- wood reduced through LPG distribution to 120 users. A large number of Awareness programmes conducted though Fig-27. Hot Water Spring, Golaghat, Assam 2 celebration of different environment related days (Biodiversity Odisha day, earth day, ozone day etc.) involving – The in-situ and ex-situ conservation of school children, members of BMCs & biodiversity completed through NGOs Govt. officials and local silvicultural operations in 150 ha and communities. conservation of Cane (Calamus spp) in – Twenty two Biodiversity Management about 100 ha in Khurda; fire line Committees (BMCs), a Locally elected operations in 100 and 250 ha in Berhampur and Sambhalpur respectively. community institution for village level biodiversity management strengthened – Sixteen awareness progrmmes in project villages. These BMCs were conducted though celebration of various recognized by the State Biodiversity environment related days (Forestry Board for future assistance and legal Week, Biodiversity day, Water day support. etc.) Involving tribal school children, members of village conservation – The in-situ and ex-situ conservation of committees (VCCs) , NGOs, Govt. Biodiversity is being done through officials and local communities in all various forestry related activities in sites. More than 100 village level about 5000 ha by bringing the area meeting and consultation were under community conserve Area (CCA) organized in all three sites. Human and scared groves. Six Nurseries (Two Health camps and livestock health camps high altitude nursery) developed for (1 No. each) organized in all three raising medicinal, aromatic and sites. Vocational training on horticulture Plants. The guidelines is Strengthening of farmers club, seed being prepared on 'Home stay purification and incense stick making Operators under eco-tourism' and completed in Sambhalpur. Three 'Management of CCAs' as inputs for Exposure visits were organized for State level policy frame work in members of VCCs and villagers for Arunachal Pradesh. cross learning experiences.

59 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Additional livelihood support to local programe was organized at jagdalpur communities were provided through for Traditional Healers (Local Vaidhyas) strengthening of Tailoring enterprise in with the help of AYUSH. Khurda; distribution of Agriculture Jharkhand implements, HYV seeds, fertilizer insecticide and pump sets to farmers – The in-situ and ex-situ conservation of along with Construction of warehouse Biodiversity completed through revival and drying yard at Sambhalpur, and maintenance agro- forestry installation of Rice puff machine, plantation in 82 acre in Palajore and introduction of about 1.2 lakhs of 12 acre in Khunti site; development fingerlings of two local variety of fish and of sacred grove in 12 acre; ANR construction of Four country boats & plantation in 21 ha; plantation of Fuel Two thatched sheds in Berhampur site. wood & Fodder spp in 144 ha at Triku, 8 acre in palamau site and 28 acre in Chhattisgarh Bokaro site and development of 60 BARI – The in-situ and ex-situ conservation of model multitier systems of food and Biodiversity completed through various fodder. People's Biodiversity Register forestry related operations in about (PBR) completed in 40 project villages . 19,000 ha. Resource survey, ethno- – More than 40 village level meeting and botanical survey and documentation of 22 local level stakeholder meeting were flora of herbal health value and ITK organized. 248 farmers were trained Completed and activities related to on SRI technique of paddy & applied establishment of Seed bank/grain bank in 86 acre at Trikut site. A total of 114 has been started in all 3 sites. families have been supported through Nineteen water holes constructed for alternate livelihood support activities wildlife in project sites sites. including vegetables & Lac cultivation, – Awareness programmes conducted cattle rearing, grocery etc, and out of though celebration of various these 56 families have repaid their environment related days through seed money. Two lift irrigation units street palys, slogan writing etc. and completed at Bokaro and Palamau site also on organic certification involving benefiting 44 acre s and 40 acres of tribal school children, members of land respectively. One 16 bedded and SHGs and cooperative federation & two 14 bedded vermin-compost unit NGO's Govt. officials and local constructed at Palamau and Tirkut site communities in all sites. Nine Self Help respectively. Land and soil conservation Groups (SHGs) driven micro-enterprises completed through excavation of seven mainly based on NTFPs and forestry ponds, creation of Forty One water related activities were supported in all harvesting structure (WHS) at Trikut site three sites. and construction of three check dams. – Three Herbal Health care (Van Budget Allocation Ausdhalaya) were strengthened, functioning well in all three sites with A total sum of approx Rs. 13.50 crores active participation of local vaidhyas. (USD 3 Million@ Rs. 45/USD) is available The certification process of Giloe under the project. A grant of Rs. 943 lakhs st (Tinospora cordifolia) started in have been released till 31 December, 2011 Jagdalpur. A Three days training to four identified implementing agencies as per details given in Table-11.

60 Annual Report 2011-2012

Table-11. Budget allocation under the project

State Coordinating Agency Amount sanctioned Amount for three years released till 31st duration of the Dec, 2010 project

Arunachal G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan 252.89 231.54 Pradesh Environment & Development, N- E Unit, Itanagar Jharkhand Institute of Forest Productivity, 250.00 227.02 Ranchi Orissa Regional Plant Resource Centre, 250.00 246.14 Bhubaneshwar Chhattisgarh State Minor Forest Produce (T & 250.00 238.70 D) Coop. Federation , Raipur 2 Implementing organization along with and Centers of Ex-Situ Conservation of rare, details of responsibilities endangered, threatened and endemic plants The MoEF is the implementing agency of was initiated in 1992. One time financial the project. At National level, a National assistance is provided to identified Botanic Steering Committee (NSC) Under the Gardens and Centres of Ex-situ Conservation chairmanship of Additional Secretary for improvement of their infrastructural facilities (Conservation) and an Empowered Project to facilitate ex-situ conservation of rare Steering Committee (EPSC) under the endangered, threatened endemic plants. Chairmanship of Joint Secretary Under the scheme, 268 projects have (Conservation) have been constituted for been supported so far to various organizations overall coordination and implementation of maintaining botanic gardens and Centres of the project. A National Project Director (NPD), ex-situ conservation. This is gradually helping has been designated and a Project in facilitating ex-situ conservation of rare Management Unit (PMU), has been endemic plants. A detailed guideline has established at MOEF for administrative support been issued for guidance of proponents. to the Project. The NSC lay down the The Ministry has reconstituted the Expert guidelines for the project implementation and Group on the scheme in January, 2012. The also reviews the progress periodically. The Expert Group identifies and recommends EPSC approves the Annual work plan and proposals received for financial assistance expenditure as per approved budget and under the scheme and also monitors and also provides the feedback for review the reviews progress of the sanctioned projects. progress by NSC. The details of the state The Botanical Survey of India also helps in level coordinating agencies in four identified field evaluation of these projects through its states are given in the Table 11. regional centres. During the year, 4 (four) Assistance to Botanic Gardens projects have been approved for funding. Based on the criteria prescribed in the The scheme on Assistance to Botanic guidelines, 'Lead Gardens' are being Gardens, Botanic sections in popular gardens developed in different phyto-geographic zones

61 Ministry of Environment & Forests of the country to provide necessary expertise – Social Forestry Division, Forest for smaller gardens. A list of Lead Gardens Department, Raibareli, U.P. along with their status is given in Table-12. – Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan These gardens are expected to be equipped Agricultural University, Bikaner, with modern facilities to enable them to Rajasthan. perform their responsibilities. – Executive Director, Pilikula Nisarga Four gardens were supported during the Dhama Society, Mangalore, Karnataka. year 2011-12 under the scheme as follows:- The projects under the scheme are – Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP), Ranchi, implemented by various Government/ Jharkhand - Lead Garden Autonomous/Non-Government Organizations maintaining Botanical Gardens and Centres Table-12. List of organizations sanctioned grant for development of Lead gardens

S. Name of the Region Date of Total Amount No. Institution Sanction Sanctioned in lakh 1. Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. North Western 2.9.2008 47.54 Ghat

2. Van Vigyan Kendra, Chessa, Papompare, SFRI, East 23.09.08 57.00 Itanagar. Arunachal Pradesh, Himalaya Tele: 0360-2203560

3. Regional Plant Resources Centre, Neyapalli, Eastern Ghats 18.09.08 50.50 Bhubneshwar, Orissa Tele: 0674- 2557925

4. Centre for Biodiversity Studies Western 29.05.09 57.50 School of Biosciences and Biotechnology Himalaya Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri-185 131 J&K.

5. GB Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment Central 25.03.08 34.68 and Development , Kosi Katrmal, Almora Himalaya

6. Centre for Arid Zone Research Institute, Arid Zone 17.10.08 99.02 Jodhpur, Rajasthan

7. National Botanical Research Institute Gangetic 03.06.09 41.94 Ranapratap Marg, P.B. No. 436, Plains Lucknow-226 001

8. Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, South western 14.03.08 76.14 Palode Trivandrum Ghats

9. Rapinat Herbarium and Centre for molecular Western Ghats 22.09.08 66.45 Systematics and the Anglade Institute if Natural History, St. Joseph College Thiruchellapalli -620 002

10. University of Agriculture Science, GKVK, Western Ghats 03.07.09 52.44 Bangalore -560 065

11. Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP) Eastern India 20.05.2011 44.00 Ranchi, Jharkhand

62 Annual Report 2011-2012 of Ex-situ Conservation. The progress made by these Botanic Gardens is periodically monitored by the Botanical Survey of India which also helps in identification of rare endangered, threatened and endemic plants requiring ex-situ conservation. During the year the task of indepth 2 evaluation of the Fig-28. Forests of Arunanchal Pradesh Scheme was carried out by the Indian Institute of Horticulture FCA for diversion of forest land for non- Research, Bengaluru. forestry purposes up to 5 hectare in each case (except for mining and regularization of Forest Conservation encroachments) and to process and make Background recommendations to the Ministry in cases between 5 hectare and 40 hectare in The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 consultation with the State Advisory came in to effect from October 25, 1980 Committee. The proposals involving areas which provides for prior approval of the more than 40 ha. To be submitted by the Central Government for diversion of forest State Governments to the Ministry, and they lands for non-forestry purposes. In the national are examined by the Forest Advisory interest and in the interest of future generations, Committee (FAC), constituted under the Forest this Act, therefore, regulates the diversion of (Conservation) Act, 1980 and meets once a forest lands to non forestry purposes. The month. The present composition of the FAC objective of the Act is to regulate indiscriminate is given below: diversion of forest lands for non forestry uses (i) Director General of Forests & Special and to maintain balance between Secretary, Ministry of Environment & developmental needs of the country and the Forests … Chairman conservation of natural heritage. The guidelines (ii) Additional Director General of Forests, are issued under the Act from time to time, to Ministry of Environment & Forests simplify the procedures, to cut down delays … Member and to make the process transparent. (iii) Additional Commissioner (Soil Procedure for Forest Clearance Conservation), Ministry of Agriculture Heads of the Regional Offices of the … Member Ministry at Bangalore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, (iv) Dr. Ullas Karanth, Centre for Wildlife Lucknow, Shillong and Chandigarh are Studies, Bangalore-560070 empowered to grant approvals under the … Member

63 Ministry of Environment & Forests

(v) Mr. Mahesh Rangarajan 1980 for underground laying of electric … Member cable and wires to individual household, (vi) Dr. Amita Baviskar, Associate Professor, drinking water supply/ water pipelines, Institute of Economic Growth, New Delhi telephone lines which involve felling of trees … Member not exceeding 50 numbers per project and (vii) Inspector General of Forests (Forest are outside the National Parks and Sanctuaries Conservation), Ministry of Environment & and are laid along the road. The approval Forests … Member-Secretary is valid till further orders. In the cases where area is more than As a special measures to boost 100 ha. Each, a site inspection by the development of basic infrastructure in Left officers of Regional Office is mandatory Wing Extremism (LWE) affected districts in before the proposal is examined by the FAC. the country, the general approval for diversion Keeping in view the recommendations of the of the forest land for the specified public FAC, the Ministry makes final decision on utility development projects has been further diversion proposals stipulating appropriate relaxed upto two hectares in each case, for mitigation measures. a period of five years i.e. till 31st December, Achievements made during the year 2015. In addition, in the 60 worst affected districts where Integrated Action Plan is – A statement showing the number of being implemented, the general approval for cases received and cleared for diversion diversion of upto five ha. of forest land for of forest land along with forest land specified developmental activities has been diverted during the years 2010-11 and given. 2011-12 (upto December 2012) is given in Table below. The State Governments have been given – During the financial year 2010-11, 467 power to issue specific approvals and proposals were closed/ returned/ conditions governing such approvals have withdrawn owing to incomplete been specified. applications and rejections. Similarly Mechanism for Compensatory during first ten months of the 2011-12, Afforestation 347 proposals have been either rejected The mitigate impacts of diversion of or closed/ returned/ withdrawn. forest land on the ecology, environment, General approval of Diversion of biodiversity and overall forest cover in the Forest Land for small public utility country, the Central Government while proposals according approvals under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 for diversion of To boost the development of forest land stipulates appropriate conditions. underdeveloped area including tribal areas, In addition to the requirement that the User Ministry accorded general approval under Agency provides land in compensation, at Section-2 of the Forests (Conservation) Act, prescribed scales, it is also made incumbent on them to provide 2010-11 2011-12 (upto 31.01.2012) compensatory No. of Approved No. of Approved* levies which are in cases No. of Forest area cases No. of Forest area the nature of funds received cases* diverted (ha.) received cases* diverted (ha) for Compensatory 3,131 2,059 40,432 2,644 1,304 24,375 Afforestation / * Includes cases received during the preceding years Additional

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Compensatory Afforestation/ Penal and Tripura. This work is being Compensatory Afforestation/ Safety Zone spear headed by the Ad-hoc CAMPA treatment / Catchment Area treatment/ Net with the support of NIC and Forest Present Value of forest land diverted. Forest Survey of India. The fully operations area which are notified as part of national e-green watch will facilitate on-line parks/ sanctuaries are allowed to be diverted real-time assessment of activities only with the express approval of the Supreme implemented from CAMPA funds, Court of India, and the User Agency is and will be a monitoring tool; required to pay five times/ 10 times of the – A web-based online monitoring Net Present Value of the forest land diverted system for approval-status of in such cases. proposals received under FCA is The funds received as compensatory under implementation; levies in lieu of diversion of forest land, are – Audit of utilisation of CAMPA funds held in the name of the respective State is being undertaken through the CAMPAs [Compensatory Afforestation Fund Accountants General. The C&AG Management and Planning Authorities] and of India have been addressed in are managed by the Ad-hoc Compensatory this matter. – The Projects mentioned at (1) and (2) 2 Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority. The funds are being kept outside above have been undertaken using the Consolidated Fund of India and the Public CAMPA funds allocated to the National Account of India in accordance with the CAMPA Advisory Council. specific orders of the Apex Court. Releases Diversion of Forest land for non to the State CAMPAs are being made on the forestry uses is in the nature of basis of the Annual Plans of Operation exception received from the States with the approval of The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 is the State level Steering Committees headed an example of the national political will to by the respective Chief Secretaries and within preserve its precious forest, wildlife and the annual limit of Rs.1,000 crores fixed by biodiversity wealth. The Act has resulting in the Apex Court. The amounts released to the drastic reduction in rate of diversion of forest State CAMPAs in the years 2009-10, 2010- land for non-forest purposes from 1.65 lakh 11 and 2011-12 (till now) are indicated in hectares per annum during the 25 years the Annexure. 5% of the funds allocated to period from 1951-52 to 1975-76 prior to the States are also sanctioned for use by the enactment of the Act to approximately 36,300 National CAMPA Advisory Council, for hectares per annum after the Act came into monitoring of the Projects being funded out existence, that too with provisions for of the CAMPA. appropriate mitigation measures. – In relation to monitoring of expenditure Strict compliance of the Scheduled incurred from out of the funds sanctioned Tribes and Other Traditional Forest to the State CAMPAs the following steps Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) are on the anvil: Act, 2006 – "e-Green Watch" an Integrated CAMPA Concurrent Monitoring and The guidelines issued under the Forest Evaluation System is being (Conservation) Act, 1980 envisage strict established in Pilot phase in five compliance of the Scheduled Tribes and States, namely, Andhra Pradesh, Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Sikkim of Forest Rights) Act, 2006. The Ministry is

65 Ministry of Environment & Forests ensuring that the forest land is diverted only – Forestry Research & Human after the rights, if any, under the FRAt are Resource Development Centre, settled. Chhindwara Good practices adopted to ensure – Himalayan Forest Research Institute, transparency Shimla – Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Good practices have been adopted to Breeding, Coimbatore ensure transparency in the system of forestry – Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi clearances. Monitoring mechanism for grant – Institute of Wood Science and of the forestry clearances has been Technology, Bangalore strengthened. Agenda and minutes of Forest – Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat Advisory Committee Meetings, important – Tropical Forest Research Institute, Guidelines and modifications are being Jabalpur regularly placed and updated on Ministry's – Forest Survey of India (FSI), Dehradun website. The status of all proposals received and its following four Zonal Offices as in the Ministry is also available in the public indicated below:- domain. – Central Zone, Nagpur The Ministry is also starting a web-based – Eastern Zone, Kolkata system of Online Monitoring of Forest – Northern Zone, Shimla Clearances. The Online Monitoring of Forest – Southern Zone, Bangalore clearances is a work flow based application – Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB) being developed for monitoring the proposals and its Regional Offices at ;- submitted by User Agencies for seeking forest – Chennai, Southern Region clearances for diverting forest land for non- – Kolkata, Eastern Region forestry purposes. This software application – Mumbai, Western Region, will be used by all State Forest Departments, – Jabalpur, Central Region Regional Offices and headquarter at Ministry – New Delhi, Northern Region of Environment & Forests to feed and update – Directorate of Forest Education (DFE) the data pertaining to their level. This software including the following State Forest application will contain a database of all Colleges;- forest land diversion proposals submitted to – State Forest Service College, the Ministry. Dehradun Forest Establishment (FE) – State Forest Service College, Coimbatore The Forest Establishment division is – State Forest Service College, handling the establishment matters in respect Burnihat of the following organizations;- – State Forest Service College, – The Indian Council of Forestry Research Kurseong and Education (ICFRE) an autonomous – National Zoological Park (NZP), New organization under the Ministry of Delhi Environment & Forests, and its Institutes/ – National Forest Academy Centers namely:- (IGNFA), Dehradun – Forest Research Institute, Dehradun – Arid Forest Research Institute, Forestry establishment matters relating Jodhpur to all the Union Territories of India (except – Forest Research Centre, Hyderabad Andaman & Nicobar Forest Plantation

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Table-13. Statement showing the number of cases received and number of cases cleared under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 during the year 2010-11 and 2011-12 (upto 31 December 2011)

S. No Name of 2010-11 2011-12 (upto 31.12.2011) the No. of Approved No. of Approved* Regional cases No. Forest area cases No. of Forest area Office received of diverted received cases* diverted cases (ha.) (ha) * 1. Bangalore 76 47 212.17 62 27 126.31 2. Bhopal 180 136 916.15 198 75 283.78 3. Bhubaneswar 65 71 991.28 43 38 697.63 4. Lucknow 519 615 2,108.55 386 424 947.01 5. Shillong 118 118 727.84 90 103 362.82 6. Chandigarh 870 582 903.45 724 339 327.09 Total 1,828 1,569 5,859.44 1,503 1,006 2,744.63 2 * Includes cases received during the preceding years

Development Corporation) and general Chandigarh with its Headquarter Unit in the references in respect of frontline staff of state Ministry at New Delhi. Names of the Heads forest departments. of the Regional Offices with their address, The court cases, RTI applications and telephone and fax numbers are given in the Parliament Matters pertaining to the above. Annexure - IIA. Regional Offices monitor and evaluate the ongoing forestry projects and Progress/Achievements made during schemes with specific emphasis on the year conservation of forests, and oversee the – With a view to having uniformity in the implementation of conditions and safeguards service conditions of forest personnel laid down by the Ministry while granting (ACF and below) in the Union Territories, clearance to development projects under [Forests being a Concurrent subject under Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (FCA) and the Constitution, the Centre's role with Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA). regard to the States is only advisory in Progress of Activities undertaken nature], the Cabinet Secretariat has amended the Allocation of Business Rules The Heads of the Regional Offices are on 26th February, 2012, transferring the empowered to grant approval for diversion subject 'Forests' in respect of all the of forest land for non-forestry purposes up to the extent of 05 hectare (except mining and Union Territories to Ministry of regularization of encroachments) and to Environment and Forests from Ministry of process cases between 05 hectare and 40 Home Affairs. hectare in consultation with the State Advisory Strengthening of Forests Division Committee and to undertake physical inspection of sites in cases of diversion of Introduction forest lands to non-forestry purposes involving The Ministry of Environment & Forests an area of more than 100 ha. A statement has six Regional Offices located at Bangalore, showing the number of cases received and Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Lucknow, Shillong and number of cases cleared by the Regional

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Offices under the Forest (Conservation) Act, importance of the study in the target 1980 during the year 2010-11 and 2011- virgin areas and its vicinity to prepare 12 (upto 31 December 2011) is given in a baseline data for the impact study in Table-13. future. Embarking upon the endeavour Other Activities undertaken of the ERO, the Bhushan Steel Ltd. has submitted the study to ERO for their Some of the important activities prospecting/mining proposal and undertaken/ meetings held during 2011-12 OPGC, NTPC, Essel mining have also (upto 31 December, 2011) are as follows: initiated studies in this regard. – A meeting of officers and scientists of the – The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar has Regional Offices was held on 23-24 also added to its priority to focus on June 2012, which was jointly chaired by restoration of post mining land use so Shri J.M. Mauskar, Special Secretary that the productivity of land after post and Shri Arun K. Bansal, Additional mining restoration is enhanced or at Director General of Forests (FC). The least equal to the pre mining land use functioning of the Regional Offices, both which is reflected in the recent diversion Forestry as well as Environmental proposals submitted by NTPC, Coal functions, were reviewed in the meeting. India Ltd., SAIL, JSPL, JSW, OPGC etc. The meeting was also attended by senior – The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar has officers of the Ministry from Environment also initiated a practice of inviting experts and Forestry wings. from Mining, Hydel sectors to the State – An interactive review meeting was Advisory Group (SAG) meetings to organised at the Regional Office, enhance the level of analysis and Bhubaneswar with the Coal India appreciation of the technical parameters Subsidiary Companies, under the during the discussion of the proposals. Chairmanship of the Additional Director – The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar's General of Forests (FC), Ministry of persistent pursuance has augmented the Environment and Forests to facilitate notifications of compensatory clearance of Coal Mining projects for afforestation land further, which now the States of Eastern & Western regions stands 81 in Odisha, 15 in Jharkhand, (Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhatishgarh, one in West Bengal and two in A & N Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra). Islands. – With continuous persuasion of the – The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar has Regional Office, Bhubaneswar, the also reiterated its efforts to emphasize Orissa State Forest Department have utilization of iron ore up to 45%, insisting taken initiative for assessment of Non- R & D for utilization of shale in coal and Timber Forest Produce (NTFP) reserves preference to rail evacuation instead of for which a 2-day's workshop on NTFP road transport. resource assessment was organised in – The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar has November, 2011. Division level identified important sectors such as assessment of NTFP resources is to follow. Aluminium & Bauxite sectors, Thermal – The Regional Office, Bhubaneswar has Power Projects, Oil, Gas & Petroleum specially focused on conducting primary sector, Steel & Sponge Iron sector and field study of flora and fauna including Nodal Scientists have been nominated amphibians and pollinators for the fresh for each sector to develop expertise in mining proposals, stressing upon the different categories of the projects that

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have been accorded environmental the region as a result of persuasion clearance by the Ministry. The concerned by the Regional Office). M/s. Jindal scientists are being encouraged to Steel Power Limited have also given specialise in each of the allotted sectors. a pilot project to IIMT, Bhubaneswar – One interactive meeting on environmental for utilisation of low grade iron ore issues pertaining to Cement Industry was (up to 45%). Eastern Zone Mining organised at Bhubaneswar on 13 May Association has in principle 2011. Following road map was drawn approved a project, "Web Enabled during the interactive meeting to facilitate ESP/ETP Monitoring System to closer interaction between industries and Control Air Pollution" to NIT, institution: a) To establish R&D Funds Durgapur. Interactive meet has also under the control of R&D Fund Executive helped to focus on R&D activities, Committee, b) To establish a think-tank raising of funds for all the R & D by drawing 4-5 experts from the industries activities and development of for technical guidance and for setting up scientific and human resources data long-term and short-term targets and c) base in the sector. Setting up of a centre from consortium – Of various issues identified during funds for R&D in one the campuses of meetings, Institute of Minerals and 2 leading institutes like IITs, NITs, etc. A Materials Technology (CSIR) and follow-up action on the outcome of the M/s Vedanta Aluminium Limited interactive meetings held earlier is being have jointly taken up pilot projects. continued in a) Aluminium & Bauxite NIT, Rourkela and M/s Vedanta sector, b) Thermal Power Projects and c) Aluminium Limited have entered into Oil, Gas & Petroleum Projects, d) Iron & a MOU for a joint R & D project, Steel Sector, e) Coastal Harbour Projects "Pilot Plant Study of iron extraction and f) Cement Sector to ensure from red mud" which will be a implementation of environmental significant step in waste reduction safeguard measures including R & D and Red Mud Utilisation. M/s Aditya support to industries for environmental Aluminium is also pursuing with management as recommended. The institutes to initiate projects on (i) details are: Enrichment of Fe in red mud close – The industries conducted follow up to 60%, increasing the stable angle meetings and the thrust areas were of repose of dry red mud, developing identified viz., Water Audit and its a land fill lining material using red Management, Energy Audit, Solid mud and other wastes and reactive Waste Management, Introduction silica stabilization in Bauxite to of Transplantation Methods in reduce caustic consumption. Afforestation, Beneficiation of Low Successful R & D outcomes on above Grade Minerals and Carbon problems will help reducing pollution Reduction Measures. An agreement load significantly in Aluminium has already been signed between industries. M/s. Bramhani River Pellets Limited, – Measures have been initiated by Iron Ore mines of M/s Jindal Steel projects for harvesting rain water & Power Limited (JSPL) and NIT, and energy conservation by Rourkela to take up Water Audit reducing Auxiliary Power and Management (an initiation for Consumption in power plants. The

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benefits of mist cooling system discrepancies in permission issued under discussed during the interactive Wild Life Act, excess production, meetings that helps in reduction in Environmental Protection measures taken Auxiliary Power Consumption is by mining companies and recommended implemented by M/s Vedanta closure of several mines. Aluminium Ltd in its new Power – The Chief Conservator of Forests Plant. (Central), Regional Office, Bangalore – Regional Office, Bangalore has submitted assisted the Committee constituted by a comprehensive report on the major the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India to public sector undertakings and other carry out demarcation of the mining polluting industries in Visakhapatnam leases in Bellary Forest Division. area and suggested measures for – Regional Office, Shillong successfully containing pollution in 1) NTPC - Simhadri co-ordinated the meeting of Secretary, Thermal Power Project, 2) Visakhapatnam Ministry of Environment and Forests with Steel Plant, 3) Hindustan Petroleum the Chief Secretaries of the North-Eastern Corporation Limited (HPCL), 4) States, including Sikkim, on 30 June Visakhapatnam Port Trust, 5) Hindustan 2011 at Guwahati to review Plan Shipyard - Visakhapatnam, 6) Schemes of the Ministry. Coromandel Fertilizers Ltd. – Two students of Indian Institute of – Regional Office, Shillong has organized Management, Bhopal did internship in meeting of the Nodal Officers of the N. Regional Office, Bhopal on the subject E. States including Sikkim during 15-16 "Monitoring and evaluation of forest September 2011 to discuss the area diversion", "Status of compliance prioritization of forest clearance and impact of Forest, Wildlife and Social proposals and to take effective steps to Impact". avoid delays in preparation and processing of forest clearance cases and – A small garden dedicated to indigenous for early declaration of Compensatory fragrant plants has been developed in Afforestation land into Protected/ the office complex of the Regional Office Reserved Forests. Bhubaneswar. 35 species of fragrant plants have been added since last year – The World Environment Day, 2011 was and the total at present is 70 species of organised in the Regional Office, Shillong fragrant plants. An initiative has been by planting over 300 flowering and fruit taken by the Regional Office, bearing saplings by the residents of the Bhubaneswar to recognise this rare residential complex to enhance the garden for entry into the Limca Book of greenery of the campus. Records. A reply from M/s Limca Book – On the orders of the Ministry of of Records has been received stating Environment & Forests, the scientists of that they would like to consider the Regional Offices have developed fragrant garden in an office-cum- protocol and format for self monitoring residential complex in 2013 edition. for adoption by all the project proponents; Efforts are being made to increase the and developed the criteria and number of fragrant plant species. formulation of guidelines for – The Regional Office, Bangalore has categorization of non-compliances into made thorough study of mining situation the category of serious and not so in Goa and forwarded reports on serious.

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Table-14. Financial Targets and Achievements for the year 2011-12 (Rs. in crore) Revenue head Capital head BE 2011-12 Expenditure BE 2011-12 Expenditure (upto (upto 31.12.2011) 31.12.2011) 10.50 7.79 0.50 0.23

Financial Achievement – Preparedness for Meeting Challenges of A statement showing financial targets Bamboo Flowering and Improving and achievements for the year 2011-12 is Management of Bamboo Forests. given in Table-14. While the first three components have been under implementation since the X Plan Intensification of Forest period under the erstwhile 'Integrated Forest Management Scheme (IFMS) Protection Scheme', the remaining four Introduction components have been introduced from the year 2009-10 after obtaining the Cabinet While aiming to expand forest cover in approval. 2 the country, it is equally important to improve the state of existing forests and protect them Outcome against various threats. This Centrally Sponsored 'Intensification of Forest The scheme has helped the State/UT Management Scheme' (IFMS) aims at forest departments in modernizing the forestry strengthening forest protection machinery of sector by way of creating infrastructure such the State/UT Governments and providing as field offices, forest stations, residential support for area-specific forest management facilities for frontline staff; construction of interventions. The financial assistance is roads and patrolling paths; introduction of provided on cost share basis - All the North modem technology including use of PDA for Eastern States including Sikkim and special field surveillance and reporting; providing categories States, namely, Jammu & Kashmir, field vehicles, arms and ammunitions. Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand share Introduction of advanced technology 10% of the cost while the rest of the Statcs/ helped in bridging the backlog in preparation UTs share 25% of the cost of the annual plans of working plans. Forest fire control has of operations. become progressively effective by way of The major components of the scheme include: creation and maintenance of firelines for prevention of forest fires, early detection, – Forest fire control and management. reporting and quick mobilization of force for – Strengthening of Infrastructure. forest fire control. Modern technology has – Survey, Demarcation and Working Plan also helped in improving planning for forest preparation. fire control and management. – Protection and Conservation of Sacred This scheme has also provided incentives Groves. for involvement of local people through Joint – Conservation and Restoration of Unique Forest Management Committees in forest Vegetation & Ecosystems. protection. Presently, there are 2,74,134 – Control and Eradication of Forest Invasive JFMCs managing 6,71,42,757 mha involving Species. 38,62,811 people of forest area.

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Table-15. Expenditure incurred in the last five years Year 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 (upto 05.03.2012) Expenditure Rs lakhs 6698.5047 7461.3964 6933.72 5685.35 5620.19

Fund Managing In addition Forest Policy Division has been the nodal division regarding Forestry in The XI plan outlay for the scheme is relation to Climate Change and REDD+ Cell Rs.600.00 crores. The allocation for the year in Forestry Wing of MoEF. It works on various 2011-12 is Rs.65.00 crores. Expenditure policy issues on forestry and linkages with incurred in the last five years is given in Table- forestry sector. It co-ordinates the various 15. forestry divisions in the Ministry and conducts Major Achievements meetings of the committees constituted by the Major achievements in the financial Ministry. Besides these activities, Forest Policy year 2010-11 in the scheme are as Division acts as a National Focal point on the follows: Forestry International Cooperation which has been mentioned here in detail: – 1,00,821 mandays of work was created for people living on forest fringes. Forest International Cooperation (FIC) – 96,916 Km of firelines were constructed/ FIC Division coordinates on the matter maintained for fire control. related to forestry of International cooperation – 27,185 boundary pillars were with Committee on Forestry (COFO) of Food constructed to demarcate forest areas. and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Asia – 302 buildings for infrastructure support Pacific Forestry Commission (APFC) and to frontline staff were constructed. United Nation Forum on Forests(UNFF) and also coordinates on the bilateral co-operation – 13 vehicles were provided to states for between India-China on forestry matter. improving communication and rapid During the year 2011-12 some of the mobility. important Internationa cooperation/visits Forest Policy which have been made on the forestry Forest Policy Division of Ministry of matters are as follows: Environment & Forests (MoEF) coordinates (i) Visit to attend the 24th Session of Asia the National Forest Policy, 1988 and its Pacific Forestry Commission: implementation issues, Indian Forest Act, Three member Indian delegation headed 1927 and Policy and legislative issues of by Shri A.K. Bansal, Additional Director other Central Ministries/ Departments related General of Forests with other members to Forests and Scheduled Tribes & namely Shri R. K. Goel, Inspector General coordinating the State Forest Policies, State of Forests, EAP and Shri Subhash Forest Acts/Amendment etc. Forest Policy Chandra, Dy. Inspector General of Division coordinates with Ministry of Forests, Forest Policy attended the 24th Panchayati Raj, Ministry of Tribal Affairs and Session of Asia Pacific Forestry Planning Commission on the matters related Commission from 07-11, 2011 at Beijing, to various Acts and Policies. China.

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The delegation also participated in the strenghening Cooperation of Forestry week long Event from 7th to 11th (Bamboo)among China and Other November, 2011. In the Commission Developing Countries from October 26 India brought out the fact that India to November 1, 2011 in Beijing and capacity to impart training to the officials Hangzhou, P.R. China. from Countries of the Asia Pacific Region (iv) Besides the International cooperation, with specific reference to the following:- FIC Division has provided inputs on – State of Forestry in the Asia Pacific forestry matters to IC Division on Rio+20 Region Zero draft of the outcome – The Impact of REDD+ and forest document, meeting with BASIC Ministers, sector governance and land Sustainable Development Goals management in Asia Pacific (SDGs), etc. – FLEG-T: Continuous improvement in (v) FIC Division has come out with the paper forest governance on "Forests for People" for publication – Progress in implementing APFC and in UNFFS Publication for Forests 2011. FAO-supported activities The Book has been published by the – "New Media - New Messages: UNFF Secretariat. Forestry communications in Asia 2 (vi) A team of Chinese delegation from State and the Pacific" Forestry Administration, P. R. China – "Journey to 2020: The future for led by Administrator, SFA shall visit India forestry in Asia and the Pacific to attend the third India-China – Heads of Forestry dialogue: Defining Joint Working Group meeting to be held forestry's role in the emerging"Green during 19-22 February, 2012. Economy" – Climate change adaptation and The details of major activities coordinated ecosystem resilience by the Forest Policy Division during – Significance of forests in relation to current year are as follows: climate change: Mission for a Activities undertaken so far Green India (GIM) Initiative: (i) The Ministry has been proactively – Responding to increased demands involved in coordinating the in fire management implementation of the Scheduled Tribes – Regional issues identified by the and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers Commission for the attention of the (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 Committee on Forestry (COFO) with the Ministry of Tribal Affairs. (ii) Visit of a delegation from Chinese Academy of Forestry to ICFRE from 11- (ii) Forest Policy Division has coordinated 19 December 2011 as a follow up of and furnished the comments on various decision taken for evolving cooperation matters especially on the "the Land mechanism on forestry research among Acquisition and Rehabilitation and BRICS. ICFRE has signed a MoU with Resettlement Bill, 2011 which ensures Chinese Academy of Forestry for and highlights the facilities linked to cooperation under the framework of the creation of environmental and green countries, sharing of research finding, infrastructure which is critical for healthy academic programme, etc. environment and humane living like landfill sites, water treatment plants, (iii) A delegation headed by Director, RFRI effluent treatment plants, parks, gardens, attended the Ministerial Seminar on green belts, creation of National Parks

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and Wildlife Sanctuaries, critical wildlife corridors, conservation reserves etc. and should include requirements for implementation under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. The Ministry of Environment and Forests also clears that the land under the titles distributed under the Forest rights Act, 2006 Fig-29. A view of forests at still remains Forest land under the ownership of the Government, (iv) The Division has firmed up the matters therefore, the forest right holders should related to Private-Public Partnership in not be treated as land owners but as a reforestation of degraded lands. The holder of forest right which is inheritable comments of MoEF have been sent to but inalienable and non transferable. Department of Economic Affairs in which the Ministry is of view that there is a (iii) The National Forest Policy 1988 need for large scale promotion of agro- envisages that one -third of the total land forestry plantations integrated with wood area of the country should be under based industries. Substantial forest or tree cover. To achieve this improvement is required in productivity objective, forestry activity on forest private of agro forestry plantations based on land has to be promoted. Keeping in genetically improved planting stock and view, a Committee to study the regulatory improved package of practices, by regime regarding felling and transit encouraging R&D on a massive scale by regulations for tree species grown on substantially reduction in income tax, non-forest/ private lands has been custom duty on scientific equipments, constituted in Forest Policy Division under etc. and other benefits to promote the Chairmanship of Addl. Director infrastructure in R&D. Promotion of agro- th General of Forests (FC) on 20 July, forestry incidentally will provide higher 2011 with following Terms of Reference: income to farmers, create employment – To study the current regulatory opportunities and reduce pressure on regimes of different States/UTs natural forests which, in turn, can provide regarding felling and transit for improved environmental services. trees grown on private lands. (v) A memorandum of Agreement has been – To evaluate at the experience of signed between the Government of India, different States/UTs. Government of West Bengal and Gorkha – To recommended the regulatory Janmukti Morcha (GJM) on 18th July, regime in Mission to Green India. 2011 for establishing an autonomous – To review the Lok Vaniki Act of self-governing body called Gorkhaland Madhya Pradesh. Territorial Administration (GTA). MoEF

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has provided the comments to Govt. of Division has furnished the comments on West Bengal and Ministry of Home the matters to DoLR. Affairs on the Gorkhaland Territorial (ix) A Working Group on Forestry and Administration Bill, 2011 of West Bengal Sustainable Natural Resource as passed by Assembly of West Bengal Management for the 12th Five Year Plan on 2nd September, 2011. was constituted by The Planning (vi) India has taken a firm stance in favour Commission on 17th June, 2011. The of a comprehensive REDD+ approach Working Group comprised of Sub-Groups and playing a positive role through on a specific themes. The preparation of Green India Mission (GIM) programme the Report related to one of the Sub- under NAPCC. Some of the basic Groups i.e. on Sub-Group V activities to be taken under REDD+ are: "International Cooperation and Law" – Reducing emission from was assigned to Forest Policy Division deforestation has submitted the final report of the Sub- – Reducing emission from forest Group V on International Cooperation degradation and Law to the Planning Commission. – Conservation of forest carbon stocks (x) Amendment of Section 68 of Indian 2 – Sustainable management of forest Forest Act, 1927: Under the present – Enhancement of forest carbon stocks, provision of IFA, 1927 where the power etc. to compound forest offences is extremely In the Indian context carbon service from limited, even petty cases are often forest and plantation is one of the co- referred to courts for prosecution leading benefits. The country would also like to harassment of Tribals and Other safeguards for ensuring the full people living in proximity of forests, who participation of local communities and may sometimes unknowingly commit a other stakeholders. petty forest violation. Hence to ensure (vii) Forest Policy Division has processed the that in instances of such petty forest matter of "the Land Titling Bill 2010" violation, the local people are not put to and furnished the comments on "the undue harassment through prosecution Land Titling Bill 2010" to Department which entails litigation in courts, it is of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural proposed to amend Section 68 (3) of Development on 18th July, 2011 wherein Indian Forest Act, 1927 to enhance the Ministry signifies that the land notified power vested with forest officials to or in the process of notification as compound a forest offence up to a limit reserved forest, protected forest, etc. of Rs. 10,000 (Rupees Ten Thousand and lands covered under 'definition of only). The Amendment Bill, 2010 is to forests' in Supreme Court orders in T.N. be introduced in the Rajya Sabha. Godavaraman case will be specifically excluded from the purview of the act. (xi) The issue of linking JFM Committees with Panchayats has been resolved by issuing (viii) Forest Policy Division in the Ministry is an advisory to State Governments under a nodal Division for persuing the matters which JFMCs are to be treated as organs related to Recommendations of the Committee on State Agrarian Relations of Gram Sabha and they shall work and the Unfinished Task in Land Reforms under the overall guidance and being coordinated by DoLR, Ministry of supervision of Gram Sabha. The main Rural Development (MoRD). The FP points of the Advisory are as follows:

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– Existing JFMCs should function under Consultancies for Special Tasks, and through the overall guidance and supervision Grants in Aid to the of the Gram Sabha and where new and Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. The JFMCs are to be set up they should objectives and details of the Schemes handled be done the Gram Sabhas. by the Wildlife Division are as given below: – JFMCs should be recognized as CSS-Integrated Development of organs of the Gram Sabha under Wildlife Habitats the relevant state Acts relating to Panchayat Raj institutions. At present India has a network of 668 – JFMCs should function as Standing Protected Areas (102 National Parks, 515 Committees of Gram Sabha Wildlife Sanctuaries, 47 Conservation Panchayats for item 6 (Social Reserves and 4 Community Reserves). State- Forestry and Farm Forestry) and wise list of Protected Area is at Table-16. item 7 (Minor Forest Products) listed The Government of India provides in the Eleventh Schedule to the financial and technical assistance to the Constitution. State/UT Governments for activities aimed at – The manner in which the wildlife conservation through the Centrally development funds of the JFMCs Sponsored Scheme viz. 'Integrated are used should be approved by the Development of Wildlife Habitats'. The scheme Gram Sabha. has following three components: (xii) Forest Policy Division has organized the – Support to Protected Areas (PA) (National celebration of World Forestry Day 2011 Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Conservation at National Zoological Park, New Delhi Reserves and Community Reserves) on 21st March, 2011. – Protection of Wildlife Outside Protected (xiii) Forest Policy Division is the nodal Division Areas for coordinating the Project "Sustainable Landscape and Climate Adaptation – Recovery programmes for saving critically Programme" signed between the endangered species and habitats. Government of India and USAID. Wildlife Conservation Introduction Government of India provides technical and financial support to the State/ UT Governments for wildlife conservation under the various Centrally Sponsored Schemes - Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats, , and Project Elephant, and also through Central Sector Scheme - Strengthening of Wildlife Division and Fig-30. Cryptelytrops erythrurus, known as Spot-tailed Pit Viper

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PAs/corridors are given priority. The Chief Wildlife Wardens prepare a Biodiversity Conservation Plan for such selected area. – Pattern of funding: Same as in the case of PAs. Recovery programme for critically endangered species and habitats This component is for affecting the recovery of critically endangered species in the country. Initially 15 species have been identified under this component. These Fig-31. Deepar Beel Bird Sanctuary, the only Ramsar site of Assam are Snow , Bustard 2 Support to Protected Areas (including Floricans), Dolphin, Hangul, , Marine Turtles, Dugongs, – Eligible PAs: National Parks, Wildlife Edible Nest Swiftlet, Asian Wild Buffalo, Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves and Nicobar Megapode, Manipur Brow-antlered Community Reserves, other than those Deer, Vultures, Malabar Civet, Indian availing central assistance under the Rhinoceros, Asiatic Lion and Swamp Deer. CSS- Project Tiger, which are duly notified The Director, Wildlife Preservation, under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 Government of India, in consultation with the and are under the control of the Chief Wildlife Institute of India or the relevant Wildlife Wardens. scientific institute and with the approval of the – Pattern of funding: 100% central Standing Committee of the NBWL can initiate assistance is provided for non-recurring other recovery programmes or wind up an items and 50% assistance for recurring ongoing programme. items. Areas falling in mountain regions, Pattern of funding: 100% assistance coastal zones, deserts, or those areas is provided for both non-recurring and which support certain selected recurring items. Each recovery programme endangered species, are eligible for has to be based on a comprehensive and 100% central assistance for both scientific 'Recovery Plan'. The Chief Wildlife recurring and non-recurring items. Wardens of the concerned States (if the Protection of Wildlife Outside species range is in more than one State), Protected Areas shall jointly prepare the Recovery Plan with There is substantial wildlife and natural the help of a national scientific institute/ resources lying outside the Protected Areas organization of repute. network of India. This component seeks to Activities under CSS- 'Integrated support the conservation of wildlife in these Development of Wildlife Habitats' areas. Activities covered under the Centrally – Eligible areas: High value biodiversity Sponsored Scheme 'Integrated Development areas outside PAs. Areas contiguous to of Wildlife Habitats' are as follows:

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– Management Planning and – welfare of domesticated capacity building Financial and technical support is being – Strengthening wildlife research, provided to major elephant bearing States in education and nature awareness the country. Under the scheme, 100% financial – Staff development and capacity assistance is provided to the concerned State building Government for undertaking various activities – Monitoring and evaluation for scientific management of elephant habitats. – Management Planning Presently The Project is being implemented – Anti-poaching & infrastructure in 18 States/UTs, viz. Andhra Pradesh, development Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, – Anti-poaching activities Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Nagaland, – Strengthening of infrastructure Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand , – Strengthening Wildlife veterinary Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Haryana care (where an elephant rescue centre has been – Strengthening Staff welfare activities set up supported by Project Elephant). There – Restoration of habitats are 27 notified and five proposed Elephant Reserves in the country, which are still to be – Habitat improvement activities notified by the concerned State Governments, – Safeguards / Retrofitting measures covering approximately 60,000 sq. km. area. – Eco-development and community Main activities under the Project are as oriented activities follows: – Addressing man-animal conflict – Ecological restoration of existing natural – Strengthening co-existence agenda habitats and migratory routes of – Deciding inviolate spaces and elephants; relocation of villages from crucial – Development of scientific and planned wildlife habitats management for conservation of elephant – Fostering ecotourism habitats and viable population of Wild – Assistance to activities in Trans- Asiatic elephants in India; boundary Protected Areas – Promotion of measures for mitigation of During the financial year 2011-12, an man elephant conflict in crucial habitats amount of Rs. 70.00 crores has been allocated and moderating pressures of human and under the CSS- 'Integrated Development of domestic stock activities in crucial Wildlife Habitats' out of which Rs. 7.50 crores elephant habitats; has been earmarked for the North Eastern – Strengthening of measures for protection States. of Wild elephants form poachers and CSS- Project Elephant unnatural causes of death; – Research on Elephant management Project Elephant (PE) was launched by related issues; the Government of India in the year 1991- – Public education and awareness 92 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme with programmes; the following objectives : – Eco-development – To protect elephants, their habitat & – Veterinary care corridors Due to the effective implementation of – to address issues of man-animal the project, especially with respect to the conflict protection of elephants, the elephant

78 Annual Report 2011-2012 population in the country has risen over the Authorities under CITES. They monitor and years, even as their habitat has been regulate international trade in wildlife and its fragmented due to developmental activity. derivatives at the designated ports of exit and During the financial year, India hosted entry. a Ministerial Meeting of eight major elephant The Scheme "Strengthening of Wildlife range countries in the world and a resolution Division and Consultancies for Special Tasks" was adopted during the meeting. In provided assistance to the Regional Offices accordance with the resolution, India required located in Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Jabalpur to host the Elephant :50 Ministerial meeting and Chennai for manpower and development of fifty elephant range country in New Delhi of infrastructure. Assistance was also extended during early 2013. to the three sub- regional offices at Guwahati, CS - Strengthening of Wildlife Division Amritsar and Cochin. In addition, the Scheme and Consultancies for Special Tasks also supported the functioning of the Wildlife Division in the Ministry. The allocation of the This Central Sector Scheme was launched Scheme during the year 2011-12 is Rs 6.00 in 1986 to strengthen the Wildlife Division Crores of which Rs. 3.58 crores has been in the Ministry and the Regional Offices of utilized till date. Wildlife Preservation for fulfilling the statutory 2 obligations under the Wildlife (Protection) The Scheme also supported wildlife Act, 1972 and the Convention on International research activities/projects envisaged in the Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna National Wildlife Action Plan (2002-2016). and Flora (CITES). Grant were also provided to research institutes, universities, NGOs and other International trade in wild flora and organizations of repute engaged in wildlife fauna is regulated by the provisions of the research both at the field and laboratory EXIM Policy, the Wildlife (Protection) Act, levels. Major areas supported inter alia 1972 and CITES convention. The Director include taxonomy, population estimation, (Wildlife Preservation) is designated as the wildlife conservation & management, CITES Management Authority and the restoration of degraded ecosystems, etc. Regional Deputy Directors (Wildlife During 2011-12, eight research proposals Preservation) are the Assistant Management on Wildlife Conservation have been approved. National Board for Wildlife The National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) has been constituted as per the provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 in 2003. The Board is Chaired by the Hon'ble Prime Minister and has 47 members including Members of Parliament, Chief of the Army Staff, Member, Planning Commission, representatives of Fig-32. Assam roofed turtle (Phangsura sylhetensis) at Non Government

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In India, many organizations have been working independently on the red listing process focusing on specific areas of interest as islands of excellence. It was felt that the Ministry of Environment and Forests should provide necessary coordinating mechanism to integrate the efforts of scientific and voluntary organizations resulting into a scientifically acceptable useful output. It was also felt that the process of red listing of species for the country should follow the framework of IUCN Regional Fig-33. Bird at Keshopur Wetland Guidelines and criteria. A consultative workshop was jointly Organizations, eminent environmentalists/ organized by the Ministry of Environment conservationists/ecologists and other official and Forests and the IUCN -India on 1st members. The NBWL is reconstituted every February 2011. As a follow up to this, the three years. The NBWL was last re-constituted th Ministry of Environment and Forests constituted vide notification dated 4 September 2010. the Steering Committee (SC) in February Till date five meetings of the Board have been 2011 under the Chairmanship of the Addl. convened since its constitution. Director General of Forests (WL). Standing Committee of NBWL The Steering Committee had decided for The NBWL has also a Standing Committee taking up the exercise on a specific time that is Chaired by the Minister-in-charge of the schedule basis so as to come up with the first Ministry of Environment and Forests. The report before the CBD-COP-11 to be held in Standing Committee of NBWL was first October 2012 in Hyderabad. constituted on 4th November 2003 for a period of three years. It was last reconstituted on 14th September 2010. Till date the Standing Committee of NBWL has met 24 times since it was first constituted in November 2003. The Standing Committee of NBWL considers issues relating to conservation and protection of wildlife and their habitat. It also considers proposals involving non-forestry activities in wildlife habitats. Red Listing Process in India The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of plant and animal species. Fig-34. Artificial nest at Ropar Wetlands

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International Conventions Related Nations Environment Programme, to Wildlife concerned with the conservation of wildlife and habitats on a global scale. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Of Wild Fauna & – The Convention came into force in 1979. Flora (CITES) – The Convention aims to conserve migratory species throughout their range. – Signed in March 1973 to regulate international trade in endangered species – India is a Party to the convention since of wildlife. 01st November, 1983 – The convention has 25 Articles from – India had participated in the 10th definitions to the manner in which the Conference of Parties to the CMS held trade in species included in various in Norway in November 2011. Appendices of the convention could be Agreements under CMS to which India regulated. is a signatory – India signed the Convention in July – Siberian Crane MOU 1976 which was ratified in October – The MOU aims at better 1976. conservation and protection of the 2 – All import, export, re-export and Siberian Cranes and their habitat introduction from the sea of species – India had signed the MOU on 13th covered by the Convention has to be December 1998. authorized through a licensing system. – Siberian Cranes are migratory – The species covered by CITES are listed visitors to India in winter. in three Appendices according to the degree of protection they need. – The species is included in the Schedule-I of the Wildlife (Protection) – The Director, Wildlife Preservation has Act, 1972 thereby according them been designated as the CITES full protection. Management Authority for India. – Their wintering habitats have been – The enforcement of the convention and declared Protected Areas. the provisions of CITES is carried out by the Regional Deputy Directors, Wildlife – Marine Turtle MOU Preservation, who have been designated – The MOU aims at better as the Assistant CITES Management conservation and management of Authority for India. Marine Turtles and their habitats in – India had represented in the meeting of the South East Asian Region. the Animals Committee, Plants Committee – India had signed the MOU on 20th and Standing Committee of CITES. February 2007. – India has initiated a Non Detrimental – Marine Turtles are migratory visitors Finding (NDF) study of the Red Sanders to India, especially along the East (Pterocarpus santalinus) Coast of India. Convention on Migratory Species – Five species of Marine Turtles (CMS) (including Olive Ridley Turtles) are included in the Schedule-I of the – Also known as the 'Bonn Convention' , Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 it is an inter-governmental treaty, thereby according them full concluded under the aegis of the United protection.

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United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1972. India had signed the Convention on 14th November, 1977. – Identification, nomination & management of Natural Heritage Sites are being handled by Ministry of Environment & Forests. – Sites of outstanding value to humanity that are to be protected and preserved for posterity are considered as World Heritage Sites. – "natural heritage" consist of natural features consisting of Fig-35. Sarus Crane (Grus antigone) with Great Egret (Egretta alba) physical and biological formations – Their nesting habitats have been or groups of such formations, declared Protected Areas. which are of outstanding universal value from aesthetic or scientific point of view; – Dugong MOU geological and physiographical – The MOU aims at better formations and precisely delineated areas conservation and management of which constitute the habitat of threatened Dugongs (Dugong dugon) and their species of animals and plants of habitats through out their Range. outstanding universal value from point of – India had signed the MOU on 28th view of science or conservation; and/ or May 2008. natural sites. – Dugongs are found in the Indian – Five natural sites declared as World waters, from Gujarat to Andaman Heritage Sites. In addition, Valley of & Nicobar Islands. Flowers was included in the World – Dugongs are included in the Heritage list as an extension to the Schedule-I of the Wildlife (Protection) . The list of Act, 1972 thereby according them such sites are as given below: full protection. – Their important habitats have been Natural World Heritage Sites in India declared Protected Areas. – Kaziranga National Park (1985) – India had organized an International – (1985) Workshop on Conservation of – Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (1985) Dugongs during June 2011 in Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu. – Nanda Devi National Park (1988) & Valley of Flowers in 2005 as an extension UNESCO-World Heritage Convention of Nanda Devi. (WHC) – (1987) – Aiming to list and conserve the world's The Manas Wildlife Sanctuary was heritage sites (Cultural, Natural & Mixed) inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1985 – The Convention was adopted by the and was put on the "List of World Heritage

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Table-16. State-wise details of the Protected Area Network of the country S. State/UT No. of No. of No. of No. of No. National Wildlife Conservation Community Parks Sanctuaries Reserves Reserves 1 Andhra Pradesh 6 21 0 0 2 Arunachal Pradesh 2 11 0 0 3 Assam 5 18 0 0 4 Bihar 1 12 0 0 5 Chhattisgarh 3 11 0 0 6 Goa 1 6 0 0 7 Gujarat 4 23 1 0 8 Haryana 2 8 2 0 9 Himachal Pradesh 5 32 0 0 10 Jammu &Kashmir 4 15 34 0 11 Jharkhand 1 11 0 0 12 Karnataka 5 22 2 1 13 Kerala 6 16 0 1 2 14 Madhya Pradesh 9 25 0 0 15 Maharashtra 6 35 1 0 16 Manipur 1 1 0 0 17 Meghalaya 2 3 0 0 18 Mizoram 2 8 0 0 19 Nagaland 1 3 0 0 20 Orissa 2 18 0 0 21 Punjab 0 12 1 2 22 Rajasthan 5 25 3 0 23 Sikkim 1 7 0 0 24 Tamil Nadu 5 21 1 0 25 Tripura 2 4 0 0 26 Uttar Pradesh 1 23 0 0 27 Uttaranchal 6 6 2 0 28 West Bengal 5 15 0 0 29 Andaman & Nicobar 9 96 0 0 30 Chandigarh 0 2 0 0 31 Dadar & Nagar Haweli 0 1 0 0 32 Lakshadweep 0 1 0 0 33 Daman & Diu 0 1 0 0 34 Delhi 0 1 0 0 35. Pondicherry 0 1 0 0 TOTAL 102 515 47 4

Sites in Danger" on account of the social Council under the Bodo Accord (2003) problems in the area, in 1992. An improving brought back normalcy to the region, and political situation in the 2000s and the began the process of local communities' signing of the Autonomous Bodoland Territorial involvement in pro-conservation activities.

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Since then, concerted efforts from the local granted autonomous status by Govt. of India people, State Government and Central in 1986. The Institute has emerged as a Government, has lead to the World Heritage premier training and research institution in the Committee to take a decision to remove the field of wildlife and protected area management site from the 'List of danger'. Incidentally, this in South and South East Asia. Its mandate is is the only heritage site in danger list, out of to generate quality information and knowledge 16 natural sites in danger list in the world, Table-17. State-wise release of fund under that has been decided by the UNESCO CSS- 'Integrated Development of Wildlife World Heritage Committee to be taken off the Habitats' 2010-11(31.12.2011) Danger List. This way, India's prestige in the (Rs. in lakhs) world conservation history has been substantially enhanced. The international S. Name of Amt. community has also appreciated the concerted No. States/UTs. Released efforts of India and has noted that other 1 Andaman & Nicobar Island 127.06 countries managing World Heritage Sites in 2. Andhra Pradesh 71.50 Danger list could learn a good lesson from 3. Bihar 00 the Indian experience to enhance the 4. Chandigarh 19.98 protection and management of their sites. 5. Chhattisgarh 190.64 6 Dadar Nagar Haveli 00 International Whaling Commission 7. Daman & Diu 00 (IWC) 8. Goa 00 9. Gujarat 1126.59 – Set up under the International Convention 10. Haryana 23.50 for the Regulation of Whaling. 11. Himachal Pradesh. 242.1104 th – India is a Party to the IWC since 9 12. Jammu & Kashmir 355.465 March, 1981 13. Jharkhand 46.7475 – The main duty of the IWC is to keep 14. Karnataka 212.87 under review and revise as necessary 15. Kerala 573.18 the measures laid down in the Schedule 16. Madhya Pradesh 405.739 to the Convention which govern the 17. Maharashtra 298.743 conduct of whaling throughout the world 18. Orissa 218.3929 – India has played a pro-active and 19. Rajasthan 249.143 20. Tamil Nadu 227.01 prominent role in bringing about a 21. Uttar Pradesh 187.291 moratorium on commercial whaling and 22. Uttarakhand 201.144 has played a prominent role in supporting 23. West Bengal 112.15 the Commission in its efforts towards 24. Punjab 00 conservation of such species. Total 4889.2558 – All the Cetacean species (Whales, dolphins etc) have been included in North-Eastern States Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) 26 Arunachal Pradesh 168.11 27 Assam 234.17 Act, 1972 thereby giving them the 28 Manipur 86.65 highest degree of protection. 29 Meghalaya 35.039 CS - Wildlife Institute of India, 30. Mizoram 83.80 Dehradun 31 Nagaland 23.043 32 Sikkim 131.793 Wildlife Institute of India (WII) was 33 Tripura 00 established in 1982 under the Ministry of Total 762.605 Environment & Forests. Subsequently it was Grand Total 5651.8608

84 Annual Report 2011-2012 products in wildlife science and mainstream it bred in captivity; in capacity building programmes for various (g) To identify priorities and themes with target groups and provide advisory support to regard to display of captive animals in Central and State Govt. ; Central Zoo Authority (h) To coordinate training of zoo personnel in India and outside India; The Central Zoo Authority (CZA) with its (i) To coordinate research in captive headquarters in New Delhi was established breeding and educational programmes in 1992 under the provisions of the Wild Life for the purposes of zoos; (Protection) Act, 1972 to oversee the (j) To provide technical and other assistance functioning of zoos in the country with the to zoos for their proper management view to enhance their role in conservation. and development on scientific lines; Central Zoo Authority is a twelve- Member (k) To perform such other functions as may body. Minister of State (IC), Environment & be necessary to carry out the purposes Forests, Government of India is the ex- officio of this Act with regard to zoos. Chairman of the Central Zoo Authority and Finance Member Secretary, Central Zoo Authority is the Chief Executive Officer of the Authority. The Central Zoo Authority has received 2 Rs.1,735 lakhs during the financial year For carrying out functions of the Central 2011-12 as Grants-in-Aid from Ministry of Zoo Authority, two committees namely Environment & Forests, Government of India. Administrative Committee under the Out of this, Rs.11.69 lakhs have been released Chairmanship of Director General of Forests as Grants-in-Aid to public sector zoos and & Special Secy. and Technical Committee other organizations as on 31st January, 2012 under the Chairmanship of Additional Director General of Forests (Wildlife) and one Expert Accounts and audits Group on Zoo Designing, have been formed Accounts of the Central Zoo Authority with Member Secretary as 'convenor' for will be audited by the Scientific Departments advising the authority on improvement of the of the Comptroller & Auditor General of zoos. The functions assigned to the Authority India, New Delhi. under the Wild Life (Protection) Act are: Recognition of Zoo Rules, 2009 (a) To specify the minimum standards for housing, upkeep and veterinary care of The Central Zoo Authority is revising the the animals kept in zoos; evaluation format of the zoos in order to (b) To evaluate and assess the functioning of ensure performance of the zoos vis-à-vis the zoos with respect to the prescribed Recognition of Zoo Rules, 2009. Two more standards or norms; amendment are also proposed in Recognition (c) To recognize or derecognize zoos; of Zoo Rules, 2009 to revise the criteria of (d) To identify endangered species of wild classification of zoos and constitution of Zoo animals for purposes of captive breeding Foundation by each zoo to have provision and assigning responsibility in this regard ploughing back the revenue generated by to a zoo; zoo for development activities. (e) To coordinate the acquisition, exchange Evaluation of zoos and loaning of animals for breeding The Central Zoo Authority evaluated purpose; four large, six Medium, 17 small and 14 mini (f) To ensure maintenance of studbooks of zoos, five rescue centre and 22 circuses as endangered species of wild animals on 31st January 2012.

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Recognition/ de-recognition of zoos feed and salary for biologist and keeper; The Central Zoo Authority provided Additional grant of Rs. 2.719 for construction recognition to four large, six Medium, 17 of storing facility to Sepahijala ZP for small and 14 mini zoos, five rescue centre Conservation Breeding facility ; Rs. 14.0 and 22 circuses as on 31st January, 2012. lakhs to Nandankanan Zoological Park for There are 198 recognized zoos (including conservation Breeding of Indian Pangolin circuses) in the country. under research mode and installation of monitoring cameras; Rs. 43.24 lakhs to Conservation Breeding Programme Assam State Zoo Guwahati for establishing The Central Zoo Authority is coordinating Conservation Breeding Facility for Golden planned Conservation Breeding Programme langur and Rs. 89.20 lakhs to Nagaland of 73 identified critically endangered wild Forest Department for the Conservation animal species in Indian zoos. During the Breeding facility at old zoo Kohima, financial year 2011-12, the Central Zoo Nagaland for Blyth's Tragopan. Authority has released Rs. 7.52 lakhs to Target is to have atleast 100 properly Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park bred and genetically, physically and for conservation breeding programme of behaviorally healthy individuals of each Himalayan Salamender, Darjeeling; Rs. 22.18 targetted species in captivity in India for lakhs to Jammu & Kashmir Forest Department proper display and as insurance for future for Hangul Conservation Breeding Centre; exigencies. Rs. 2.44 lakhs for the Biologist and Keeper Exchange/Transfer of animals by zoos to Sepahikala ZP; Rs. 4.818 lakhs to Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park, Darjeeling Twenty one exchange proposals of for Snow leopard and Red panda CBP for animals between Indian zoos and 8 exchange installation of night vision cameras for proposals between Indian and foreign zoos monitoring purpose: Rs.96.83 lakhs to have been approved by the authority during Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park the year 2011-12. for establishing breeding facility for Maintenance of Studbooks at Kurseong Dow hill; Rs. 11.51 lakhs to Biological Park Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh The Central Zoo Authority is compiling for Hoolock Gibbon Coservation Breeding the National studbooks/animal profiles of 44 Programme to meet recurring expenditure on species taken up under the Conservation Breeding Programme. The Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun has submitted final report to zoos and CZA on preparation and updating the National studbooks of 14 of 44 identified wild animal species. Theme/ Planning in zoos The Central Zoo Fig-36. Leopard (Panthera pardus) at National Zoological park Authority is assisting

86 Annual Report 2011-2012 recognized zoos in finalization of Master at Chandigarh from 9-13th January 2012 plans for detailed long term future for the record keepers of 21 selected development. The Central Zoo Authority has zoos in collaboration with MC Zoological received 163 detailed Master Plans as on Park, Chhatbir, Chandigarh. Resource 31st January, 2012. The CZA is also persons from ISIS imparted the training reviewing the previously granted approval to the participants. for master layout plans of 43 zoos and – A workshop for the zoo educators on master plan of the 13 zoos to ensure the "Conservation and zoo education" is more insight of CZA for better development being organized at Bhopal in of the zoos. collaboration with Van Vihar National & th st During the current financial year; CZA Zoo from 27 February-1 March 2012. has approved layout plan of the 18 zoos. – A stakeholders workshop for the zoo veterinarian and directors on Human Resource Development "Standardization of animal diet in Indian During the current financial year, the zoos" was organized at NAAS Complex CZA had organized following training of ICAR, New Delhi in collaboration programme for the human resource with Indian Veterinary Research Institute, development in the zoos: th 2 Bareilly on 30 January 2012. More – The Central Zoo Authority in collaboration than 20 participants attended the with , Hyderabad meeting. organized a workshop on "Landscape – The Central Zoo Authority provided planning and zoo designing" for the zoo financial assistance to zoos organized 2 Directors working in the zoos at week training programme at Tirupati st th Hyderabad from 2nd November to 6th (01 -14 August, 2011), Sakkarbaugh th th November 2011. This workshop also (16 - 30 January, 2012), Agartala th th had one day back to back workshop on (12 -26 September, 2011) and th "various aspects of master planning of Bhubaneswar (16 - 29 December, 2011) zoos" on 6th November, 2011. Altogether for the zoo keepers on "Management of 65 zoo directors attend the meeting. carnivores in captivity" on regional basis. More than 100 zoo keepers attended the – A workshop on "Landscape planning training programme. and zoo designing" is being organized for zoo architects/engineers at New – The Central Zoo Authority sponsored Dr. Delhi in collaboration with School of V Srinivas, Veterinary Officer, Indira Planning and Architectural, New Delhi Gandhi, Zoological Park, Vishakapatnam from February from 24th -26th February, was deputed & sponsored by CZA for 2012. attending the Endangered Species Recovery Course organized by the Durrell – The Central Zoo Authority in collaboration Wildlife Conservation Trust, Jersey UK with National Institute of Animal Welfare, during 11 to 29th July, 2011. Ballabhgarh organized a training – Shri B.S. Bonal, Member Secretary, programme on "Different aspects of th animal welfare in zoos" for the lower Central Zoo Authority attended 6 meeting of the WAZA & CBSG held at level of personnel working in the zoos th at Ballabhgarh from 9-14th May, 2011. Prague, Czeck Republic 29 September- 6th October, 2011. – The Central Zoo Authority organized training programme on "ZIMS software" – The Central Zoo Authority has deputed and sponsored the Director, National

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Zoological Park (NZP) Delhi for attending 20th September (59th Meeting) and 14th 7th International WAZA Zoo and Aquarium December 2011 (60th Meeting) and 21st Marketing Conference held at Grandby February 2012 (61st Meeting) to discuss the Zoo, Canada from 13th-15th June 2011. proposal on improvement in zoos, conservation Research breeding programme, research and trainings, and approval of master plan apart from the The Central Zoo Authority has awarded other policy level issues. The Expert Group on small grant research project of grant of Conservation Breeding had its three sittings on Rs.5.13 lakh to Padmaja Naidu Himalayan 28th July, 2011 (3rd Meeting), 24th October Zoological Park to conduct study on Red 2011 (4th Meeting), and 6th January 2012 (5th Panda for duration of two year. The Wildlife Meeting) to discuss the various proposal on Institute of India has completed the studbook Conservation Breeding and preparing project for 14 endangered species on guidelines on Conservation Breeding preparing and maintenance of the studbooks. Programme. The Expert Group on Conservation Vulture Conservation Breeding Centre Breeding convened its meeting on 28-29th has drafted a manual on Conservation April 2011 (21st Meeting), 2nd June 2011 Breeding of Vultures which is being printed (22nd Meeting), 1-2nd August 2011 (23rd and will be circulated to zoos. Meeting), 6th September (24th Meeting), 17th th th The Central Zoo Authority has approved October (25 Meeting), 12 December 2011 th th th a proposal on preparing the manual (26 Meeting) and 16 February 2012 (27 Management of Birds in captivity" which Meeting) to approve the design of the would papers from various expert enclosures to be constructed in Indian zoos and to recommend the approval of master lay The Central Zoo Authority has drafted out plan of the zoos. guidelines for the better management of zoos following subject and same are under the Other activities carried out during the consideration of approval by the Ministry: year – Guidelines for Developing Framework The Central Zoo Authority has provided Mechanism for Mobilizing Corporate an amount of Rs.424.12 lakh for maintenance Financial Support for Supplementing including feed and medicines etc. to 7 rescue Management of Zoos. centres created at Bangalore, Chennai, – Guidelines for the Utilization of Volunteer Tirupathi, Visakhapatnam, Bhopal, and in Zoo Management in India South Khairabari (West Bengal) for large – Prioritizing Grant for Financial Assistance number of lions, , , bears and To Zoos monkeys rescued from the circuses for rehabilitation. – Prioritization of the species to be taken up under the Conservation Breeding National Programme Authority (NTCA) – Protocol for transport of wild animals Introduction and Objective – Guidelines for the housing of Exotic animals in India The Centrally Sponsored Scheme "Project Tiger" was launched in April, 1973 with the Improvement of zoos objective "to ensure maintenance of a viable The Central Zoo Authority convened population of Tigers in India for scientific, meeting of the Technical Committee during the economic, aesthetic, cultural and ecological current financial year on 8th June (58th Meeting), values, and to preserve for all times, areas

88 Annual Report 2011-2012 of biological importance as a national heritage for the benefit, education and enjoyment of the people". Progress/achievement made during the year – Relocation of villages from the core/critical tiger habitats, as notified by tiger States, for securing 'inviolate space' for tigers vis-à-vis recommendations of the Tiger Task Force, with an enhanced package of Rs. 10 lakhs per family. Based on scientific, empirical data, Fig-37. Tiger (Panthera tigris) in natural habitat 2 it has been established that a minimum inviolate area of 800- other sensitive tiger reserves as well. 1200 sq.km. is required for maintaining – Addressing the issue of livelihood a viable population of tiger. As reported dependency in the fringes of core/ by States, there are 762 villages/ critical tiger habitats by supporting the settlements in the core/critical tiger States for managing the buffer/peripheral habitats of the country with 48,549 areas of tiger reserves as a multiple use families. zone through village level participatory – Raising, arming, deploying and planning for ecodevelopment with maintaining the Special Tiger reciprocal commitments (out of 40 tiger Protection Force in 13 sensitive tiger reserves 25 have notified buffer area. reserves, which interalia, forms the – Strengthening infrastructure in tiger budget announcement of the Finance reserves (support for patrolling camps, Minister in February, 2008. This is civil works, wireless communication, imperative to step up protection in tiger water impoundment). reserves in a professional manner (so – Addressing man-wildlife conflicts far, the STPF has been constituted only to prevent revenge killings, capacity in Karnataka for Nagarahole; funding building of frontline personnel. support has been provided to UP, – Launching tiger reserve level monitoring Uttarakhand and Rajasthan where of tiger and its prey (Phase-IV). process of constituting the same is – Approval of CCEA obtained in August, ongoing. Funding has also been provided 2011 for enhanced allocation towards to Orissa for STPF constitution at Similipal village relocation, besides incorporating Tiger Reserve). new components. The Revised Cost – Use of information technology in Estimate of Project Tiger was approved wildlife crime prevention. A pilot initiative as Rs. 1216.86 crore during the XI Plan has been done in the Corbett Tiger from the earlier Rs. 650 crore of central Reserve, which needs to be replicated in assistance.

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– New Components: core areas amounting to almost 1% of the – Change in the funding pattern in country's geographical area. In principle respect of North Eastern States by approval have been accorded by the increasing the central share from NTCA for the following five tiger reserves: the existing 50% to 90% for i) Pilibhit (Uttar Pradesh), ii) Ratapani Recurring Expenditure, with the (Madhya Pradesh), iii) Sunabeda States' share becoming 10%. The (Orissa), iv) Mukundara Hills (including ongoing support for Non-Recurring Darrah, Jawahar Sagar and Chambal Expenditure would continue to be Wildlife Sanctuaries) (Rajasthan), v) and 100%. (Karnataka). The NTCA has accorded final approval for declaring a – Raising compensation for man- new tiger reserve namely 'Kawal' in animal conflict to Rs. 2 lakhs in case Andhra Pradesh for which notification is of loss of human life, 30 per cent awaited from the State. of the same for grievous injury and cost of treatment for minor injury. – Besides, the States have been advised to send proposals for declaring the – Acquisition of private land for following areas as Tiger Reserves: making the core/critical tiger habitat inviolate. i) Bor (Maharashtra), ii) Suhelwa (Uttar Pradesh), iii) Nagzira-Navegaon – Establishment of Tiger Safari, (Maharashtra) iv) Satyamangalam (Tamil interpretation/awareness centres Nadu), v) Guru Ghasidas National Park under the existing component of (Chhattisgarh), vi) Mhadei Sanctuary 'co-existence agenda in buffer/ (Goa) and vii) Srivilliputhur Grizzled fringe areas', and management of Giant Squirrel / Megamalai Wildlife such centres through the respective Sanctuaries / Varushanadu Valley (Tamil Panchayati Raj Institutions. Nadu). – Re-introduction of Cheetah in the States of Madhya Pradesh and – Detailed revised guidelines have been Rajasthan under the Scheme at a issued for the implementation of Project cost of Rs. 50 crore after ensuring Tiger and relocation of villages vis-à-vis the historical co-existence of Cheetah the provisions of the Wildlife (Protection) with other carnivores, especially the Act, 1972 and the Scheduled Tribes and tiger. Other Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006. – The NTCA has been strengthened / decentralized with three Regional Offices. – The Special Tiger Protection Force (STPF) There is a need for strengthening the has been deployed at Bandipur and Regional Offices of the NTCA at Nagpur, Nagarahole Tiger Reserve in Karnataka. Guwahati and Bengaluru (AIGs posted All India Tiger Estimation (2010) at Nagpur and Bengaluru Regional The second round of country level Offices. Process is underway for posting assessment (2010) relating to status of tigers, IGFs in the three Regional Offices, besides co-predators and their prey was released on an AIG at Guwahati). 28th July, 2011. This is a sequel to the – Declaring and consolidated new preliminary findings released in March this tiger reserves. The Project Tiger year. This study reports a countrywide increase coverage has expanded with 40 tiger of 20% in tiger numbers in 2010 with an reserves spread out in 17 States with the estimated number of 1706 (1520-1909).

90 Annual Report 2011-2012

The 2006 estimation was 1411 (1165 - a separate category for reserves where tigers 1657) tigers. have gone locally extinct. Out of 39 tiger Management Effectiveness Evaluation reserves, 15 were rated as 'very good', 12 of Tiger Reserves as 'good', 8 as 'satisfactory' and 4 as 'poor'. 28 tiger reserves were compared with the The second round of independent MEE ratings of 2005-06. It is inferred that assessment based on refined criteria was the 'very good' category increased by 4%, done in 2010-11 for 39 tiger reserves. This 'good' category increased by 3% and assessment is based on the globally used 'satisfactory' decreased by 7%. framework, as adapted to Indian conditions. Regulatory Acts/Rules governing the Five independent teams conducted the program and promulgation of new evaluation using 30 indicators. The framework Acts, if any, along with the details. consists of 6 elements: context, planning, inputs, process, outputs and outcomes. The The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, is 39 tiger reserves were grouped in same the main regulatory Act governing the landscape clusters as done in tiger estimation. program. The said Act has been amended An additional category comprising of tigers in 2006 to provide a separate Chapter (IVB) in 'red corridor' has been included, besides for strengthening tiger conservation. 2 Table-18. Plan Expenditure as on 30th December, 2011 (Rs. in crores) Percentage S. Budget Head BE Expenditure expenditure No. w.r.t. BE

Project Tiger Scheme 1. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North 104.90 104.899 100 Eastern Region) Grants-in-aid General 2. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North 10.00 10.00 100 Eastern Region) Grants for Creation of Capital Assets 3. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North 10.00 10.00 100 Eastern Region) Scheduled Tribe Sub Plan 4. 3601 (assistance to States excluding North 6.00 6.00 100 Eastern Region) Scheduled Castes Sub Plan 5. 2552 (assistance to North Eastern Region) 14.10 14.096 100

6. 2406 (National Tiger Conservation 4.71 Nil Nil Authority) Grants-in-aid General 7. 2406 (National Tiger Conservation 10.00 10.00 100 Authority) Grants for Creation of Capital Assets Total 159.71 154.995 97.05

91 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-19. Amount released during 2011-12 for Centrally Sponsored Scheme Project Tiger (as on 29.02.2012) (Rs. in lakhs) S. No. Tiger Reserve States Release of Ist installment 1. Nagarjunasagar Andhra Pradesh 154.406 2. Namdapha Arunachal Pradesh 75.000 3. Pakke Arunachal Pradesh 161.786 4. Kaziranga Assam 426.9168 5. Manas Assam 479.620 6. Nameri Assam 40.972 7. Valmiki Bihar 172.193 8. Achanakmar Chhattisgarh 494.586 9. Indravati Chhattisgarh 106.130 10. Udanti-Sitanadi Chhattisgarh 102.010 11. Palamau Jharkhand 156.347 12. Bandipur Karnataka 213.9504 13. Bhadra Karnataka 215.8822 14. Dandeli-Anshi Karnataka 159.204 15. Nagarahole Karnataka 1123.133 16. Biligiri Ranganath Temple Karnataka 118.480 17. Periyar Kerala 211.370 18. Bandhavgarh Madhya Pradesh 1341.237 19. Kanha Madhya Pradesh 1969.670 20. Panna Madhya Pradesh 284.796 21. Pench Madhya Pradesh 191.530 22. Sanjay-Dubri Madhya Pradesh 92.673 23. Satpura Madhya Pradesh 310.8056 24. Melghat Maharashtra 973.579 25. Pench Maharashtra 280.818 26. Tadoba-Andhari Maharashtra 2320.5485 27. Sahyadri Maharashtra 47.396 28. Dampa Mizoram 225.288 29. Satkosia Orissa 118.408 30. Similipal Orissa 436.6681 31. Ranthambhore Rajasthan 0.600 32. Sariska Rajasthan 0.000 33. Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tamil Nadu 149.128 34. Mudumalai Tamil Nadu 191.583 35. Corbett Uttarakhand 319.389 36. Buxa West Bengal 135.660 37. Sunderbans West Bengal 22.000 38. Dudhwa Uttar Pradesh 337.4975 39. Anamalai Tamil Nadu 204.556 40 Parambikulam Kerala 133.710 TOTAL 14499.5259

92 Annual Report 2011-2012

Budget allocation of the scheme insufficient. This scheme endeavours to fill during the year and progress of this gap and provide requisite services for the expenditure till date care and protection of uncared for animals Details are given in Table-18. by making provision for establishment and maintenance of shelter houses to various Implementing organization along with NGOs, AWOs, Goshalas etc. details – Under this Scheme, the AWOs are The Project is implemented in designated assisted to the extent of 90% of the tiger reserves through respective State project cost of the construction of a Governments, as a Centrally Sponsored shelter house with a ceiling of Rs. 25 Scheme. Amount released during 2011-12 lakhs including 10% contribution to be for the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of Project made by the AWOs. The amount is Tiger is at Table-19. released in two equal installments. Animal Welfare Scheme for Animal Birth Control (ABC) and Immunization of stray dogs The Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI) (Plan) Scheme relates to provision of Keeping in view the overpopulation of assistance for the following type of activities: stray dogs throughout the country and also 2 Financial assistance to Animal Welfare the increase of human/animal conflict, deaths Organisations for maintaining the stray due to Rabies, this scheme was being animals in distress and for their treatment. implemented by the Animal Welfare Board (Financial assistance based on the number of of India to facilitate sterilization and animals kept for their fodder, water, minor immunization of stray dogs through the NGOs treatment etc). Human Education Programmes including SPCAs throughout the country. The for the welfare of animals implemented by Local Governments/Municipal bodies are the AWBI as well as support to AWOs for also showing increased keenness to become this purpose. Capital expenditure at the stakeholders in the programme. Presently Board's Headquarters i.e. expenditure on several Municipalities (such as Delhi, Greater non-recurring items such as purchase of Hyderabad) has entered MOU with AWBI to Assets/equipments. Expenditure on a variety tackle the population with the objective to of other animal welfare activities such as make the country "Rabies free". There is an Rescue of Cattle from illegal smuggling and urgent need to expand this scheme to cover transportation, rehabilitation of rescued circus more Metros & rural areas to address the animals, Lab Animals, inspections, Legal issue effectively. Under the scheme, the expenses in connection with court cases norms for financial assistance are at pertaining to animal welfare, Mobile Clinics. Rs. 370/- per dog for pre & post operative care including medicines & Scheme for Provision of Shelter Houses ARV and Rs. 75/- per dog for catching for animals and relocation of dog (Total Rs. 445/ There are a large number of animals in - per dog). our country without proper shelter especially in Goshalas/Pinjrapoles. A number of them Scheme for provision of Ambulance are not cared for and are left in the streets, Services to Animals in Distress. either wounded or suffering from various Under this Scheme, Ambulance/Rescue diseases. Though there are shelter houses Vehicles are provided to the NGOs/AWOs operating at various places, their number is / Gaushalas working in the field of animal not adequate and the facilities provided are welfare. The ambulance services are to be

93 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Fig-38. Scheme for Relief to Animals during Natural Calamities and Unforeseen Circumstances used for the following purposes: Scheme for Relief to Animals during – to ensure that immediate treatment Natural Calamities and Unforeseen / first aid is given to sick, injured Circumstances stray / abandoned animals; Natural calamities are faced every year – to act as an outreach to help the in the form of floods, cyclones, droughts and poor people whose animals are earthquakes. In such circumstances there is involved in accidents or affected an immediate requirement for the provision with disease and are immobile; of relief to affected animals by providing – to act as mobile clinic to hold fodder, adequate shelter, medical attention camps where animals in a village otherwise the animals would perish. Apart can be vaccinated and treated; from this, the financial assistance to some – to pick up unwanted or hostile other Natural disaster such as Tsunami, animals from human habitations; earthquake, etc. is being provided under the said scheme. It is proposed to extension of – to implement the ABC/AR financial assistance to AWOs, State programme by collecting dogs and Governments/UTs, local bodies working in then releasing them after sterilization the affected areas for providing relief to the and immunization; animals affected during natural calamities Under this scheme the NGOs/AWOs/ and for relief of animals rescued from illegal Gaushalas are assisted to the extent of 90% transportation, slaughter, circuses etc. is also project cost for purchase of a suitable vehicle under consideration. and equipment, modifications and fittings – Financial assistance to AWOs / NGOs thereon. The maximum amount of grant-in- is proposed to route through State Animal aid is limited to Rs. 3.50 lakhs for purchase Welfare Board (SAWB)and Society for of the vehicle and Rs. 1.00 lakhs for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals(SPCAs) equipment, modification and fittings thereon. at State and District level respectively.

94 Annual Report 2011-2012

Animal Welfare Division also handles house facilities have been approved. CPCSEA following two schemes: given financial assistance to 6 establishment – Committee for Purpose of Control and for conducting workshop for increasing Supervision of Experiments on Animals awareness to prevent the cruelty on animals. (CPCSEA) National Institute of Animal Welfare – National Institute of Animal Welfare (NIAW) (NIAW) The National Institute of Animal Welfare Committee for Purpose of Control & (NIAW) has been set up as a subordinate Supervision of Experiments on office of the Ministry of Environment and Animals (CPCSEA) Forests. The objective of NIAW is to impart The main objective of the Prevention of training and education in Animal Welfare on Cruelty to Animals Act (PCA), 1960 is to a diversified basis comprising, among other prevent infliction of unnecessary pain or things, animal management, their behavior suffering on animals. Accordingly, the and ethics. The aim is to create an enabling Committee for Purpose of Control and environment for fulfillment of the statutory Supervision of Experiments on Animals requirements as laid down in the Prevention (CPCSEA) has been constituted under of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960. NIAW has 2 provisions of Section 15 of this Act. The Act been conceptualized as an apex body in the provides for the duties and powers of the field of animal welfare and its broad mandate CPCSEA, and also penalties, in event of covers the need to improve animal welfare contravention of orders made, or conditions through education, research and public imposed by the Committee. The mandate of outreach. Steering Committee under the the Committee is to ensure that while Chairmanship of Secretary (E&F) reviewed conducting various types of experiments, in the functioning of NIAW in its meeting held connection with medical research or on 21st September 2011 and took number education, animals are not subjected to of corrective measures to facilitate the avoidable pain or suffering. The CPCSEA functioning of the Institute. functions within the ambit of the PCA Act, NIAW is conducting different training and Rules frame under it e.g. Rules for courses (In-service/ Internship training/ Breeding of and Experiments on Animals Capacity building) for the different (Control and Supervision), 1998 as amended. Stakeholders (Personnel from BSF/ ITBP/ CPCSEA has been reconstituted on 11th CZA, B.V. Sc. Students, (Dog Catchers/ November 2010 as a committee of experts Gaushala Personnels/ Hon. Animal Welfare from several areas, including medicine, Officers) associated with implementation of veterinary science, pharmaceuticals, various animal welfare schemes/ rules. As biotechnology, biostatistics, animal behavior per the Guidelines of VCI, the internship and ethics. Apart from this, representative of training programme for 2011-12 has already NGOs/AWOs are also associated with started from October, 2011 for different CPCSEA with the approval of Hon'ble Universities (Rajasthan Veterinary University, Minister. A total of 1603 institutions have Bikaner, Bihar Veterinary College, GB Pant, been registered by CPCSEA and 492 Mathura). During this period 400 students, CPCSEA nominees have been appointed to 80 personnel of Paramilitary forces / Zoo assist the Committee in its functions. During personnel and 210 NGOs / AWOs this financial year, 231 project proposals on representative including HAWOs of AWBI large animals have been received and 85 have successfully completed different type(s) have been approved and 4 large animal of training at NIAW. The other major

95 Ministry of Environment & Forests initiative taken for practical training, capacity role of media and audio visual aids, as building and Clinical skill, in association with also organizing direct outreach NIB, Noida for PG students. IEC activities programmes, workshops and seminars. for HAWOs / co-opted members of AWBI – Greater participation in various were also conducted. international forum to ensure a prominent Policy issues and possible options role for India in shaping the international The Animal Welfare Division proposes policy perspective on animal welfare to lay emphasis on animal welfare activities issues. during the 11th Plan period inter-alia in Programme issues and possible terms of: options – Greater sensitization of all categories of The thrust areas that require focus are agencies/institutions regarding the need described below: for compliance with animal welfare laws. Rabies is one of the most dreadful – Dissemination of information through infectious diseases affecting both human Ministry's website (www.envfor.nic.in) beings and animals. Rabies is prevalent and under the Right to Information Act, throughout India except the islands of 2005. Lakshadweep and Andaman & Nicobar but – Streamlining of procedures to facilitate has a low public health priority. Considering compliance with extant laws and that Rabies is fully preventable disease and procedures and as a measure of good the huge expenditure incurred on post- governance. exposure vaccination both in humans as well as animals, there is an urgent need to control – Opening up a meaningful dialogue with and finally eradicate this dreaded disease all affected constituents in a transparent from India as has been achieved by several manner to facilitate policy changes European countries as well as South East wherever required. Asian countries like Malaysia and Singapore. – Continuing the efforts to ensure that The AWBI is currently the only agency National Institute of Animal Welfare which is involved with controlling the (NIAW) grows in a stature and evolves population of stray/community dogs through into a prestigious body with international its Animal Birth Control (ABC) Programme presence. and administering anti-rabies vaccinations – Recognition of the need to provide a firm (ARV) to them in some metros of the country. institutional basis to statutory bodies At present approximately 1,00,000 dogs such as the CPCSEA. are sterilized/immunized which is grossly – Recognition of the need for setting out inadequate, given the population of street improved evaluation parameters to assess dogs about 20 Million. Under the Animal the performance of ongoing Animal Birth Control scheme, the norms for financial Welfare Schemes. assistance are at Rs. 370/- per dog for pre & post operative care including medicines & – Improvement in management of Animal ARV and Rs. 75/- per dog for catching and Welfare Schemes as a part of the E- relocation of dog (Total Rs. 445/- per dog). Governance initiative of the Ministry of AWBI has requested to enhance the present Environment &Forests. cost of sterilization of dogs from Rs.445/- to – Focus on enhancing public awareness of Rs.800/- to adopt latest technique and less animal welfare issues through greater time to recover the animal.

96 Annual Report 2011-2012

WHO has also recommended controlling other elements of the Rabies Control the population of dogs through ABC/AR Programme as described in the preceding programme rather than killing them, which is paragraphs. Proposed allocations for inhumane and does not go well with our these have been modeled on the basis cultural ethos of love & compassion for of needs of the Rabies Control Programme animals. This policy also supports rules under as well as ongoing animal welfare Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960. activities in the country that are in (ABC Dogs Rules-2001). addition to the Rabies control Programme. An ambitious programme (Rabies free Capacity Building - Gaushalas & ABC India) of this nature will require appropriate The country's large population of stray support from the Planning Commission. / abandoned cattle is supported by a network Projections for supporting this programme of Gaushalas and Pinjrapoles, which are in have been made in the following manner: turn provided several types of support by the – Central Sector Schemes - Provision of AWBI. A number of these Gaushalas were Shelter Houses for Animals, Provision set up by philanthropists and individuals and for Ambulance services to Animals in groups, which, though committed to the Distress and Animal Birth Control & cause of animal welfare did not necessarily 2 Immunization of Stray Dogs will support have the management and other capacities enhanced ABC operations. Thus required for effective functioning. It is therefore additional allocations for these three desirable that the AWBI should undertake a Central Sector Schemes are proposed special drive over the year 2011-12 to on these grounds. modernize Gaushalas and provide requisite – Plan Fund heads - Humane Education training to Gaushala personnel. Similarly the and Awareness, Oral Anti Rabies Veterinary Doctors/ Para Veterinary staff/ Vaccinations, Capacity Building, Animal Handlers are trained to undertake the Research and Monitoring will support new technique of Surgery.

Table-20. Progress/Achievement made during 2011-12

Outlay Quantifiable Achievement till BE Quantifiable (In deliverables 30.11.2011 2012-13 deliverables in Lakhs) (In Lakhs) 2012-13 AWBI Plan 875.00 900 AWO’s 104 AWOs 700.00 750 AWO’s Shelter House 700.00 44 Shelter 3 Shelters 920.00 46 Shelter ABC Scheme 375.00 110000 ABC’s 35506 445.00 110000 Operation Ambulance Scheme 225.00 45 Ambulances 15 270.00 60 Ambulance Natural Calamity 10.00 Cannot be fixed 5 AWOs 10.00 Can not be fixed Committee for the 40.00 Cannot be fixed 168 50.00 Can not be fixed Purpose of Control and establishments were Supervision of registered, 85 Experiments on Animal proposals approved (CPCSEA) for experiments, 4 Animal House Facilities approved Nation Institute of Animal 175.00 26 Training 20 Training 125.00 20 Training Courses Welfare(NIAW) Courses Programme

97 Ministry of Environment & Forests

CPCSEA National Institute of Animal Welfare (NIAW) It is proposed to step up the level of activities undertaken by CPCSEA in terms of The activities of the Institute are expected th – Expansion in the coverage of Institutions, to grow significantly during 11 Five year which are registered with CPCSEA; 2011-12 in following areas: – Scope and number of trainings. – Emphasis on inspections of animal house – Practical training for capacity building facilities throughout the country; and Clinical up gradation of Veterinary – Appointment of larger number of Doctors/ Para Veterinary staff nominees, who are on board the – Introduction of specialized training in a Institutional Animals Ethics Committees phased manner with induction of faculty of various institutions; installation of equipment, upgradation – Imparting training to these CPCSEA of facilities (including provision for new nominees; hostels) as also functioning of an animal hospital and first-aid service through – Increasing the focus on public outreach Mobile clinic. by way of publications, media coverage – Activities to undertake Information, and seminars, with special emphasis on communication and Education to all the the scientific community, which relies on stakeholders use of animals in experimentation. The budget of 2011-12 and proposed – Undertaking the IEC activities ( Seminar BE for 2012-13 along with physical target is and other awareness programme) summarized in Table-20.

98

Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environment Impact Assessment Notification 2006, several meetings of the (EIA) Expert Appraisal Committees were convened by the Ministry during the year for appraisal Environment Impact Assessment of category "A" projects from sectors of Notification 2006 industry, thermal power, infrastructure, river The Environmental Impact Assessment valley, mining and category "B" projects from has been used as a management tool to States where SEIAAs have not been minimize adverse impacts of the constituted/ reconstituted. As part of appraisal developmental projects on the environment process, wherever required, the Expert and to achieve sustainable development Appraisal Committees also visited project through timely, adequate, corrective and sites for obtaining first hand information about protective mitigation measures. The Ministry the ground level realities and response of of Environment and Forests (MoEF) has used people living in the vicinity. Environmental Environmental Impact Assessment Notification Clearance (EC) was accorded to three hundred 2006 as a major tool to regulate rapid fifty three projects and Terms of Reference industrial development of the country for (TOR) were assigned to four hundred twenty minimizing the adverse impact on environment three projects (between April to December, and reversing the trends which may lead to 2011). The sector wise list of environmental climate change in long run. clearances and TOR issued to the projects by The developmental projects have been the Ministry is given in the Table-21. re-categorised into category 'A' and category Constitution of State Environment 'B' depending on their threshold capacity Impact Assessment Authorities (SEIAA) and likely pollution potential in the re- The Ministry has so far constituted twenty engineered Environmental Impact Assessment seven State/UT level Environmental Impact (EIA) Notification of September 2006, Assessment Authorities [SEIAA51/State Expert requiring prior Environmental Clearance (EC) Appraisal Committees (SEACs) under sub- from MoEF or the concerned State section[3] of section 3 of the Environment Environmental Impact Assessment Authorities [Protection] Act, 1986 for appraisal of (SEIAAs). Further the notification provided for Category 'B' projects and activities notified screening, scoping, public consultation and in the EIA Notification 2006. appraisal of project proposals. Post Project Monitoring of Environment Amended EIA Notification 2009 Clearance Conditions With a view to further simplify the procedure for obtaining the environmental The objectives of Post Project Clearance clearance without compromising or diluting Monitoring are (i) to ensure that actions have the regulatory framework, the EIA notification been taken to incorporate the environmental has been amended in December, 2009. It safeguards during the project cycle in exempts the biomass based power plants up accordance with the conditions stipulated in to 15 MW, power plants based on non the Environmental Clearance letter; and (ii) hazardous municipal solid waste and power to take appropriate corrective measures to plants based on waste heat recovery boilers check adverse impact on environment during without using auxiliary fuel from the EC process. operation of the respective projects. The Category 'B' projects which have been Environmental Clearance to accorded environmental clearance by the Developmental Projects SEIAAs/SEACs are also monitored for As per the provisions of the EIA compliance of the conditions.

100 Annual Report 2011-2012

Table-21. Status of Environment Clearance and TOR issued to Projects (April 2011- December 2011) S. Nature of the Project Cleared Pending Rejected/ No. withdrawn

EC TOR EC TOR EC TOR

1. Industry 150 135 181 188 11 -

2. Thermal 27 81 36 34 4 1

3. River Valley and Hydroelectric 8 5 13 22 - -

4. Mining (Coal & Non Coal) 56 125 127 111 8 16

5. Infrastructure & Construction 112 74 119 22 - 20

6. Nuclear - 3 - - - -

Total 353 423 476 377 23 37 Note: EC - Environment Clearance TOR - Terms of Reference 3

Monitoring of projects with respect to action is taken for effecting compliance conditions stipulated in the environmental including issue of show cause notice followed clearance issued under EIA Notification 2006 by directions on case to case basis. and Coastal Regulation Zone 2011 is carried Ministry had constituted a committee in out through the six Regional Offices. The December, 2009 under the chairmanship of monitoring report is scrutinized in the Ministry Additional Secretary to examine the and on that basis appropriate action is monitoring process adopted to check contemplated under the Environment compliance with the stipulated conditions (Protection) Act, 1986 for violation of and environmental safeguards prescribed environmental clearance conditions. A while granting environmental clearance under procedure has been laid down for issuing EIA and CRZ Notifications and to suggest show cause notice, closure of industry etc. in effective monitoring mechanism. The September 2009 which is placed on the committee has since submitted its report website of the Ministry. which has been accepted by the Government. Till December, 2011, six hundred twenty The Committee constituted under the one projects have been monitored by the chairmanship of Former Member Secretary, regional offices of the Ministry. Based on the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) with observations made during field visit, necessary representatives from the Regional Offices of follow up action has been taken with the MoEF and CPCB to develop criteria and project proponents to ensure an effective formulate guidelines for categorization of compliance to the EC conditions. The non-compliances into the category of serious monitoring cell in the Ministry, besides and not so serious submitted its report in providing policy guidelines to these regional September, 2011. The report has been put offices, also examines the monitoring reports in public domain on the website of Ministry submitted by Regional Offices. In cases of to obtain comments/suggestions before its major non compliance further follow up finalization.

101 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Fig-39. Moderate dense forests at Mandi, Himachal Pradesh

Accredition of the EIA consultants who are not registered with NABET/QCI are with Quality Council of India (QCI)/ being considered by the Ministry after 30th National Accredition Board of June, 2011. Education and Training (NABET) EIA Manuals The Environmental Appraisal of Expert Appraisal Committees at the Development projects is undertaken as per Centre and State/UT Environmental Impact the provisions of the Environmental Impact Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs) and State Assessment Notification, 2006 based on the Level Expert Appraisal Committees (SEACs) EIA/EMP Reports prepared by the project in the various States, have been assigned the proponents with the assistance of their task of screening, scoping and appraisal of consultants. Good quality EIA Reports are a projects of various sectors for grant of prerequisite for appropriate decision making. environmental clearance (EC). In order to Therefore, all the Consultants/public Sector help in standardizing the quality of appraisal Undertakings (PSUs) / Universities and Sector specific Manuals have been prepared Research Institutes working in the area of by the Ministry with the help of Administrative Environmental Impact Assessment were Staff College of India (ASCI), Hyderabad required to get themselves registered under and the IL&FS Ecosmart Ltd., for the thirty the scheme of Accredition and Registration seven sectors/activities listed in the EIA of the National Accredition Board of Education Notification 2006. They include Model TORs, and Training (NABET) and the Quality Council technological options, processes for a cleaner of India (QCI) by 30th June, 2011. No EIA/ production, waste minimization, monitoring EMP Reports prepared by such consultants of environmental quality, related regulations,

102 Annual Report 2011-2012 and procedure of obtaining EC etc. and are solid wastes as such activities serving as Guidance manual to the sector endanger the fish and their ecosystem; specific EACs. ● conserve and protect habitats in the The sectors covered include Mining, marine area such as corals and coral Airports, Ports & Harbours, Nuclear Power reefs and associated biodiversity, etc. Thermal Power, Distilleries, Oil & Gas marine sanctuaries and biosphere transportation pipeline, Oil Refineries, reserves, sea grass beds etc., which Petrochemical plants, Ship Breaking Yards act as spawning, nursery and rearing etc. The Manuals have been uploaded on the grounds for fish and fisheries; website of the Ministry to not only give wider ● regulate activities in the marine and dissemination to all stakeholders but also to coastal waters such as dredging, enhance transparency on the EC process. sand mining, discharge of waste Coastal Regulation Zone and Society from ships, construction like groynes, of Integrated Coastal Management breakwaters, etc., including (SICOM) reclamation which have serious impacts on fishing and allied Ministry has issued the Coastal Regulation activities; Zone Notification, 2011 in supersession of 3 ● enable studies of the coastal and Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 1991 marine waters with regard to the after a series of consultations with the various impact of the climate change and the stakeholders including the fishermen occurrence of disasters which has community. serious impacts on the livelihood and The objective of the new Notification is property of the fisher-folk communities; to ensure livelihood security to fishing and ● No restrictions are imposed on any other local communities living in coastal fishing activities and allied activities areas, to conserve/protect coastal stretches of the traditional fishing communities and to promote development based on in this area. scientific principles. – To invite comments on the draft Coastal The notification covers the categorization Zone Management Plan from of CRZ areas, permissible and prohibited stakeholders. This will ensure that for the activities, regulation of permissible activities first time, local communities including in CRZ areas, procedure for clearance, fishermen communities will have a say preparation of Coastal Zone Management in the preparation of the CZMPs. Plans, demarcation of hazard line along the – The notification allows infrastructural coastline including shoreline change, mapping facilities for the local fishing communities and areas requiring special consideration to be constructed in the CRZ-III area. etc. – Port and harbour projects are not The salient provisions of the 2011 permissible in high eroding stretches Notification are: except for defence projects. – Water area up to 12 nautical miles and Further, in view of the livelihood security the tidal influenced water bodies have of coastal communities the Ministry of been included under the Coastal Environment and Forests has initiated an Regulation Zone areas in order to: Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project ● control the discharge of untreated with the World Bank assistance at an outlay sewage, effluents and the disposal of of about Rs. 1153 crores. Under this project,

103 Ministry of Environment & Forests various components including mangrove Study on carrying capacity based afforestation, coral restoration, shoreline planning for proposed development protection, hazard mitigation, alternative in Goa livelihood are being implemented. The regional carrying capacity study for To implement the above project, Society Goa region being carried out by the Indian of Integrated Coastal Management (SICOM) School of Mines (ISM), Dhanbad is aimed at has been established as a registered body. delineating a framework for economic This Society will be implementing the CZM development and decision making in mining projects having four major components sector based on assimilative capacity namely, (i) National Coastal Management estimation. It is also inter-alia aimed at Programme, and three ICZM projects in three addressing the regional environmental States namely, Gujarat, Orissa and West management planning with an underlying Bengal. objective of enhancing the quality of life and to minimize the environmental and ecological Under the National component the degradation. The project on Regional EIA of demarcation of the hazard line has been mining belt of Goa region will assess the assigned to Survey of India for mapping the impacts of the existing iron ore mines as well entire coastline of the country based on tides, as other mining activities along with other waves, sea level rise and shoreline changes. major anthropogenic activities (individually In order to build a capacity in the country in as well as cumulatively) for delineating the the area of coastal management a National framework for the future mining activities in Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management the defined study area leading to has been set up within Anna University, environmentally sustainable development. The Chennai. The Centre would address the broad scope of studies are: issues related to research & development, coastal management and coastal communities. – Identification of regions (core impacted In view of the historical importance of Salt zone of air and water environment, land Satyagraha undertaken at Dandi and area-administrative boundaries etc.) surrounding villages and at Vedaranyam by based on likely spatial impacts and Mahatma Gandhi and Shri Rajaji respectively, homogeneity/topography implementation of Integrated Coastal Zone – Assessment of current status of temporal Management Project at these places has & spatial pollution profiles of different been undertaken as a major initiative by environmental components SICOM. – Delineation of sources of pollution and Under this project, the State level quantification of pollution loads for current components are being implemented at Gulf as well as future growth scenarios of Kachchh in Gujarat (Rs.298 crores), – Characterization of environmental status Paradip-Dhamra and Gopalpur-Chilka stretch receptors for selection of Hotspots and in Orissa (Rs.202crores) and Digha- calibration of predictive modelling Shankarpur and Sagar islands in West – Development of cause-impact framework Bengal (Rs.300 crores). The State for predicting residual assimilative components address the issues relating to capacity for the future growth scenarios coastal management including improving with and without mitigation options livelihood of the local communities, disaster mitigation and promoting sustainable – Assessment of congestion levels based alternative livelihoods. on environmental standards for receptors

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– Delineation of Regional Management to be accorded, the project proponent Plans & Growth options in terms of time shall apply afresh and submit a and space within the assimilative capacity comprehensive proposal for the entire thresholds for critical environmental project by clubbing all the phases so that resources. the environmental issues could be Major Policy decisions taken during addressed holistically. the year – Mining projects from the districts of Bellary, Tumkur and – Extension of Moratorium up to Chitradurga in Karnataka 31st March, 2012 Pursuant to the orders of Hon'ble Supreme Ministry had imposed a moratorium till Court, it has been decided that MoEF/ 31st August, 2010 on consideration of SEIAA will not consider any mining projects for environmental clearance to proposal from these three districts till the be located in 43 critically polluted areas/ Hon'ble Supreme Court lifts the ban on industrial clusters identified by Central consideration of projects in these areas. Pollution Control Board. It was envisaged that during the period of moratorium, – Consideration of projects for grant time bound action plans will be prepared of EC under which involve 3 by the respective SPCBs/PCCs for Forestland improvement of the environmental quality It was decided that the following in these industrial clusters/areas. The procedure will be adopted for action plans so prepared would be consideration of projects for finalized by CPCB. The status of environmental clearance which involve preparation of action plans has been forest land: reviewed in the Ministry from time to time. In accordance with the information – At the stage of consideration of received from CPCB that the respective proposals for TOR in respect of the SPCBs and the local stakeholders have projects involving forest land, the initiated work on implementation of the project proponents would submit a submitted action plans moratorium was credible proof in support of the fact lifted on consideration of projects for that they have already submitted environmental clearance in the 25 their application to the concerned industrial clusters/areas. In the remaining Competent Authority for diversion of 18 identified critically polluted industrial the forestland involved in the project. clusters/areas, it has been decided to – At the stage of consideration of extend the moratorium further up to 31st proposals for EC in respect of projects March, 2012. involving forest land, the project proponent would inform the respective – Consideration of expansion of EACs about the status of their thermal power projects application for forestry clearance It has been decided that the proposal for along with necessary supporting expansion of projects to which documents from the concerned Forest environmental clearance has been Authorities. It will clearly be informed granted can be considered only once to the EAC whether the application the implementation for the earlier phase is at the State Level or at the Central has commenced. In case environmental level. The EAC will take congnizance clearance for the earlier proposal is yet of the involvement of forestland and

105 Ministry of Environment & Forests

its status in terms of forestry clearance ensured that the Expert for the field and make recommendations on the verification should not be from the same project on its merits. After the EAC authorized agency, which demarcated has recommended the project for the High Tide Line, on record, for the environmental clearance, it would be area/ plot in question. processed for obtaining decision of After following the above procedure, the the Competent Authority for grant of SCZMAs may recommend a proposal environmental clearance. In the cases for reclassification on the ground of where the Competent Authority has "error evident on record" to the National approved the grant of Environmental Coastal Zone Management Authority clearance, the proponent will be (NCZMA) for its consideration. informed of the same and a time limit of 12 months, which may be extended – EC for setting up of Solar Thermal in exceptional circumstances to 18 Power Plants under Jawaharlal months, a decision on which will be Nehru National Solar Mission taken by the competent authority, will (JNNSM) be given to the proponent to submit Solar Thermal Power projects are not the requisite stage-I forestry clearance. covered by the provisions of EIA The formal environmental clearance Notification, 2006. However, keeping will be issued only after the Stage-I in view the extent of land required for forestry clearance has been submitted such projects, it has been decided that: by the proponent. – State Pollution Control Board/UTPCC – Reclassification of CRZ area on before issuing consent to establish the grounds of "Error apparent under Air and Water Act to such units on face of the Record" may ensure and satisfy themselves It was decided that any proposal for by undertaking a site visit that the reclassification citing the ground of "error proposed area does not involve; (i) evident on record" should be preceded any wet land, (ii)any agriculture land, by an in depth examination by the (iii) ecologically sensitive area, (iv) State/ Coastal Zone areas rich in bio-diversity, (v) areas Management Authority (CZMA) with large habitation. In case, any concerned bringing out clearly the error displacement of habitation is involved, on record because of which the area/ the requisite R&R and CSR should be plot in question either does not fall in the put in place as per the norms of the CRZ, or has been wrongly classified; the respective State Government. Further, Authority/officials responsible for the if the area involves any forestland, it error, as to how the error is proposed to needs to be ensured that the requisite be rectified, the corroborative/ prior forestry clearance for diversion independent evidence supporting the of forestland has also been obtained proposed rectification of error-in the under the FC Act. form of satellite imagery, Survey of India – In addition, the site should also map, etc. and the conduct of field conform to the provisions of the CRZ verification by Experts, which should Notification, 2011 as requisite prior include one Expert from one of the commitment from the Competent Agencies authorized by MoEF for Authority for availability should be demarcating High Tide Line. It may be ensured.

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– The land so made available for the – Ensure, as a part of this policy, solar thermal power plant will not be adherence with the EC and Forestry deviated for any other purpose. clearance wherever applicable, – Priority for consideration of Green granted to the company Building Projects – Ensure that inter-alia the company It was decided that the proposal for functions in conformity with the policy obtaining environmental clearance in – Ensure that deviations, if any, from respect of Building and Construction this Policy and cases of violations of projects which have obtained Green environmental and forestry clearance Building rating (pre-classification of conditions that have been found by provisional certification) under the rating this Ministry or other public authorities programmes of GRIHA, IGBC including should be duly reported to its Board LEED India etc. by integrating high level of Directors and desirably reflected of environmental norms into their building thereafter on its website and in its plans, shall get priority for their annual report. consideration, out of turn, by the EAC/ – Identify and designate responsible SEAC as the case may be. person(s) at all levels of their hierarchy 3 – Consideration of proposals for ensuring adherence to this policy regarding Ratnagiri and and compliance with Environmental Sindhudurg districts, Maharashtra Laws and regulations. It has been decided to extend the These measures to promote environmental moratorium for consideration of projects consciousness and secure compliance received by the Ministry or by the will surely protect the project's Maharashtra State Environmental Impact stakeholders just like financial systems Assessment Authority (SEIAA) in and audit mechanisms protect the Sindhudurg and Ratnagiri Districts, shareholders of a company. st Maharashtra upto 31 March, 2012. – Consideration of proposals – Corporate Environment Policy involving violation of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 To bring into focus environmental or Environmental Impact commitment in the corporate sector, so Assessment (EIA) Notification, that all the project proponents integrate 2006/CRZ Notification, 1991/ environmental concerns into their day-to- 2011 day functioning especially the compliance with the conditions of clearances. Instances have come to notice of the It is felt appropriate that all the Central Ministry where substantial physical PSUs and major projects of coal based progress relating to construction of the thermal power plants with capacity of project has been made at site and 500 MW and above, integrated significant investments made without obtaining a requisite prior environmental Steel plants with capacity of one MTPA clearances as is mandated under the EIA and above and cement plant with Notification, 2006. capacity of three MTPA and above and petroleum refining industries need to:- It has been decided that in all such cases of violation submitted to the Ministry and – Adopt well laid down corporate subsequent to the recommendation of Environment Policy

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EAC/SEAC and after the approval of the time of seeking Environmental the competent authority for grant of Clearance. The status of environment environmental clearance, MoEF/SEIAA and forestry clearance of the coal block will send a communication to the project also needs to be informed. In case of proponent informing that although the projects which are based on imported proposal has been approved by the coal, a copy of firm Memorandum of Competent Authority, formal Understanding (MoU) signed between environmental clearance will be issued the coal supplier and the project to the project only after the matter proponent is required. relating to the violations have been put Coal Mining Sector up to the Board of Directors of the company or to the Managing Committee/ Ministry continues to consider coal CEO of the Society, Trust, partnership/ Mining projects of Jharia Coalfields and individually owned concerned for Raniganj Coalfields based on cluster consideration of its environment related approach which includes existing mines, policy/plan of action as also a written closed mines, abandoned mines and commitment in the form of a formal proposed mines in the two coalfields. The resolution to be submitted to MoEF/ Integrated EIA-EMP for the cluster of mines SEIAA to ensure that violations of the should indicate the present status of mines, Environment (Protection) Act etc. will not environmental quality and the extent of be repeated. For the purpose, a time pollution load from each mine. The combined limit of 90 days will be given to project pollution load from the cluster of mines that proponent. would be reduced by taking suitable mitigation Respective State Government will also measures by the individual mines through an be informed of the violation cases for Integrated Environmental Management Plan their initiating legal action against the should be indicated along with the expected company as per the procedure improvement in the environmental quality. prescribed. The Environmental Management Plan for each cluster would dovetail the plan for – Firm coal linkage addressing subsidence and fire control and As per the policy decision taken project resettlement of habitation from unstable sites proponents are required to indicate firm and fire affected areas in the Jharia Coalfields coal linkage along with coal under the Jharia Action Plan and subsidence characteristics for all project proposals and rehabilitation of habitation from unstable relating to thermal power projects, steel, areas in the Raniganj Coalfields under the sponge iron and any other such projects, Raniganj Action Plan. A number of projects which are largely dependent on have been considered based on above availability of coal as a raw material, at approach during the year 2011-12.

108 CHAPTER-4 ABATEMENT OF POLLUTION Ministry of Environment & Forests

Control of Pollution from transportation, i.e. road, rail, shipping and airways, industrial and Introduction domestic activities. The air quality has The concern for environmental quality been, therefore, an issue of social concern has become the top most issue in the present in the backdrop of various developmental scenario of rising population, increasing activities. The norms for ambient air urbanization, industrial pollution, shipping, quality have been revisited and various aviation and vehicular emission as well as industry specific emissions standards are pollution of water courses due to discharge evolved afresh or revisited and notified of industrial effluents and sewage without from time to time. For control of air conforming to the environmental norms and pollution, with a view to initiate policy standards apart from agriculture run-off. measures and to prepare ambient air Realising this trend of pollution in various quality management plans, 530 ambient environmental media like air, water, soil, air quality monitoring stations are etc., the Government earlier adopted Policy operational covering 211 cities, towns for Abatement of Pollution in 1992, which and industrial areas in 26 States and provides multi-pronged strategies in the form five Union Territories. Presently, three out of regulations, legislations, agreements, fiscal of five criteria pollutants namely; sulphur incentives and other measures to prevent and dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxides (NO2) abate pollution. To give effect to various and fine particulate matter having size measures and policies for pollution control, less than 10 micron (PM10 ) are monitored various steps have been initiated which under National Ambient Air Monitoring include stringent regulations, development of Programme (NAMP) by the Pollution environmental standards and periodical Control Boards, Pollution Control revision therein, control of vehicular pollution, Committees, Universities and Research control of air and water pollution, abatement Institutes. Besides, additional pollutants and prevention of noise pollution, spatial for other toxic trace matters and environmental planning, revisit and revision polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are in the list of critically polluted areas and also being monitored in selected cities improvement plans therein, etc. The of the country. Installation of automatic Government also adopted National air quality monitoring stations is Conservation Strategy and Policy Statement undertaken in cities for continuous on Environment and Development, 1992. monitoring. The continuous monitoring Afterwards, the Government adopted the has been introduced in twenty seven National Environment Policy (NEP- 2006) cities namely, Agra, Ahmedabad, which seeks to extend the coverage, and fill Bengaluru, Chandrapur, Chennai, in gaps that still exists, in light of present Cuddalore, Delhi, Durgapur, , knowledge and accumulated experience. This Ghaziabad, Haldia, Howrah, policy does not displace, but builds on the Hyderabad, Jaipur, Jharia, Jodhpur, earlier policies of the Government. It lays Kanpur, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, emphasis on a number of new issues. , Patna, Pune, Solapur, Tuticorin, Progress of Activities Undertaken under Vadodara and Varanasi. A total of 84 various programmes are as follows: manual monitoring stations covering 29 new cities and towns have been added Control of Air Pollution in the network under NAMP during the – The air pollution and the resultant air 2011-12. quality can be attributed to emissions

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– The Government has published the sponsored umbrella scheme of ‘Pollution Revised National Ambient Air Quality Abatement’. The scheme of assistance Standards, 2009 (NAAQS-2009) in the for pollution abatement comprise of official Gazette on 16th November, following sub-components: 2009. These ambient air quality – Grants-in-aid-General standards/ limits provide a legal – Grants for creation of Capital Assets framework for the control of air pollution – Environment Health Cell (EHC) & and the protection of public health. Trade and Environment (PL) – Standard monitoring protocol to monitor – North Eastern Region Grants-in-aid- 12 pollutants as per NAAQS has been General & for creation of Capital developed during the year. Assets – In furtherance of these Standards, the – The Scheme provides 100 % grant to CPCB is in the process of drawing a SPCBs/PCCs, Governmental and non- road-map for the creation of required Governmental organizations. infrastructure, operation and – Under this scheme, grants are being maintenance of network and handling of provided to the State Pollution Control data. Boards/UT Pollution Control Committees, 4 – The monitored ambient air quality data Environment Departments, Central/State during the year while comparing with Research Institutes, and other government revised (NAAQS-2009) indicates that agencies/organizations with the aim of the annual average levels of Sulphur strengthening their technical capabilities

Dioxide (SO2) are within the prescribed to achieve the objectives of the Policy air quality norms across the country and Statement. Assistance is also provided to

that of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) are North Eastern Pollution Control Boards within norms in most of the cities. & Pollution Control Committees as salary However, the levels of fine particulate support for the technical staff. In addition,

matter (PM10) exceed the prescribed support is also extended for undertaking norms in many cities including Delhi. projects for Abatement of Pollution.

PM10 and NO2 are the emerging air – Financial assistance has been extended pollutants. to six State Pollution Control Boards/UT Assistance for Abatement of Pollution Pollution Control Committees during the current financial year. – The scheme “Assistance for Abatement of Pollution” is being implemented by the – The scheme is being proposed to revise Ministry of Environment and Forests since with the followings: Seventh Five Year Plan (1990-1995). – Lab up-gradation, purchase of The scheme had an allocation of Rs 45 equipment, salary support (limited crore in the XI Five Year Plan (including to scientific and technical staff) and Policy & law and Environmental Health construction of office –cum- Cell scheme). The scheme of Assistance laboratory building of SPCBs of NE for Abatement of Pollution is a Centrally States. Sponsored Scheme. – Capacity Building of SPCBs/PCCs – The objective of the scheme inter alia to including other environmental strengthen SPCBs for enforcing statutory organizations by imparting training provisions for pollution abatement. The and education through semi- scheme is now a part of a centrally Governmental organizations.

111 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Awareness and education for R&D, Source Apportionment Studies survey and documentation for – Due to multiplicity and complexity of air creation of environmental database polluting sources, apportionment of and consultation in the area of contribution to ambient air pollution pollution abatement will be expected from these sources is important for through scientific and semi- planning cost effective pollution control Governmental Organizations. strategies. In view of this, to evaluate – Seminars/Workshops/Conference contribution of particulate matter from in the area of pollution abatement various sources to air quality, Source through semi-Governmental Apportionment Studies (SAS) have been Organization having domain completed for six cities namely; Delhi, expertise. Bangalore, Chennai, Mumbai, Pune and Auto Fuel Policy Kanpur in association with the institutions like NEERI, Nagpur, TERI, New Delhi, The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural IIT, Chennai, ARAI, Pune and IIT, Kanpur. Gas(MoP&NG), Government of India has The objective frame work for Source enunciated an Auto Fuel Policy (2002) which Apportionment Studies included aims to comprehensively and holistically preparation of emission inventory, address the issues of vehicular emissions, emission profile, monitoring of ambient vehicular technologies and auto fuel quality air quality, assessment of data and its in a cost-efficient manner while ensuring the authentication and source apportionment security of fuel supply. The Government has of PM10 using factor analysis and receptor also published Gazette Notification vide modeling etc. Application of Chemical th G.S.R 84(E) on 9 February, 2009 for Mass Balance (CMB-8) Receptor model introducing Bharat Stage IV and III norms, as and ISC dispersion model have been applicable, for new vehicles in selected used in the study. cities. The Policy objectives include ensuring – The results of the Study, so obtained sustainable, safe, affordable and uninterrupted were evaluated by the Technical supply of auto fuels; optimum utilization of Committee. International Peer Review of infrastructure for import of crude and crude the study has been organized in Spain, products, processing and production, and Germany (through GTZ) and within the the storage and transportation; assessing the country, since such source apportionment future trends in emissions and air quality studies have been carried out for the first requirements from view point of public health; time in India and the outcome of this adopting such vehicular emission standards Study would be used for future policy that will be able to make a decisive impact decisions such as Auto Fuel Policy. on air quality etc. The Policy provides for a road map for reduction in vehicular emission Based on the experiences gained and norms for new vehicles as well as for reduction outcomes of the study, following are suggested of pollution from in-use vehicles. It also sets as future course of action: standards for quality of fuel and other kits. – At national level, thematic Ministries The report of the Source Apportionment have been requested to set up six working studies that has been recently published and groups to deal with the sectoral carried by MoEF/ CPCB along with MoPNG recommendations of the study which has also recommend supply of uniform fuel would be housed in the respective quality all over the country. thematic Ministries:

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– Group for working on road quality biomass. garbage/refuse burning and improvement and minimizing re- other city-specific sources. suspension of road dust, Emissions Trading Scheme development of progressive vehicle exhaust norms, etc. : thematic – India’s rapid growth over the last several Ministry- Ministry of Road Transport decades has brought millions of people & Highways. out of poverty but also increased strain – Group on improvement of fuel quality on the environment. The challenge for : thematic Ministry- Ministry of Government and the private sector is to Petroleum & Natural Gas. improve environmental quality without harming output and employment, as the – Group to deal with old vehicles – same economic activities that cause retrofitment of pollution control pollution – including transport, power devices, scrap policy, inspection & generation and industry – have been the maintenance issues, etc. : thematic engines of growth. Ministry - Ministry of Heavy Industries. – Emission of particulate matter (PM) which accounts for PM and PM in ambient – Group on industrial activities: 10 2.5 air presents a particularly severe 4 industrial action plan implementation challenge for meeting NAAQS standards : thematic Ministry- Ministry of in India today. The concentration of Commerce & Industry (Department particulate matter in Tamil Nadu, of Industrial Policy & Promotion). Maharashtra and Gujarat is higher than – Group on traffic management – use the norms prescribed in NAAQS-2009. of IT in traffic management, – It is felt that the market based approaches guidelines for minimizing/ to control environmental quality have the synchronization traffic signals, potential to deliver desired environmental providing adequate parking, outcomes at the lowest social cost. This : parking fee structure, etc. thematic increases the ability of all stakeholders Ministry- Ministry of Home Affairs. to participate and comply and improves – Group on construction activities – regulatory effectiveness. The Ministry of prepare and supervise Environment and Forests in association implementation of guidelines on with the Central Pollution Control cleaner construction projects : Board(CPCB) and the State Pollution thematic Ministry - Ministry of Urban Control Boards (SPCBs) of Gujarat, Development. Maharashtra and Tamilnadu, has initiated – In case of six cities, respective State a large scale pilot programme to design Governments have been requested to set a particulate emissions trading regulatory up local Implementation Committee regime for industry. The proposed Market comprising various stakeholders viz. Based Emissions Trading Scheme will set municipal corporation, development a new model for environmental regulation authorities, RTO, SPCB, etc. to oversee in India. implementation of city-specific action Development of Environmental plans. Wherever such Committees or Standards Authorities are functional, the study findings could supplement their efforts. – Environmental Standards refer both to The local Committees may also address the acceptable levels of specified

113 Ministry of Environment & Forests

environmental quality parameters at recommendations of the Committee, the different categories of locations, i.e., Standards are notified after legal vetting ambient standards for air, noise and by the Ministry of Law & Justice, water quality criteria as well as Government of India. permissible levels of discharge of – All the notified Standards have been specified waste streams by different loaded on the website of this Ministry classes of activities, i.e., effluent standards which could be downloaded (Rules & and discharges of gaseous pollutants, Regulations ’! Environment Protection ’! i.e., emission standards. Acts & Rules ’! Environmental Standards). – Environmental standards cannot be During the year, Standards in respect of universal, and each country should set following category of industries have standards in terms of its national priorities, been evolved and are being finalized policy objectives, and resources, as for notification : stated in the National Environmental – Effluent & Emission Standards for Policy, 2006. These standards, may, of Pulp and Paper Industry; course, vary (in general, become more – Emission Standards for Cement stringent) as a country develops, and Plants; has greater access to technologies and financial resources for environmental – Emission Standards for Generators management. Within the country different (Diesel); States, UTs and local bodies may adopt – Emission Standards and Noise stricter standards, based on local Norms for Generators (LPG & CNG); considerations. and – In order to abate pollution from various – Effluent & Emission Standards for sources, Ministry notifies general as well Electroplating Industry. as industry specific emission and effluent The source specific environmental standards for various categories of standards have been notified for following industries under the Environment industry/process during the year: (Protection) Rules, 1986 as per procedure Effluent & Emission Standards specified in the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986. Based on development of – Copper, Lead or Zinc Smelters new pollution control technologies and – Pesticide Industry their feasibility, these standards are – Grain Processing Industry revisited from time to time and new/ – Integrated Iron and Steel Plants revised ones are notified. -– Electroplating, Anodizing Industry – The Ministry has constituted an Expert Committee (EC) to evolve Environmental Effluent Standards Standards and Consequent upon the – Soda Ash Industry adoption of the National Environment Emission Standards Policy-2006 (para 5.3 : Environmental Standards, Management Systems, – Petrochemicals Industry Certification and Indicators), the said Noise Pollution Committee has been reconstituted. A – Noise levels have been a matter of Social scientist, Public health expert and concern due to various activities, religious Environment economist are now on the functions, festivals, marriages, committee. Based on the processions and related celebrations.

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The main sources of noise pollution to this end, it will be desirable to build include industrial activities, use of public up a consortium of concerned address system, construction activities, organizations and establish partnership use of generator sets, pressure horns, for pollution control. With this in view, fire crackers etc. Keeping in view the a series of industry wise inter-action increasing trend in noise levels, Ministry meetings were organized to evolve a has issued various regulations from time road map culminating to Charter on to time to control noise pollution in Corporate Responsibility for ambient air, at source and at Environmental Protection (CREP) in 2002- manufacturing stage. To control 03. community noise, Noise Pollution – CREP is a commitment for protection of (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 environment for partnership and were notified in February, 2000 and participatory action of the stakeholders amended from time to time. The recent i.e. industry, their associations and amendments to the Noise Rules, 2000 regulatory agencies. Also, it is a road have been published in the official map for progressive improvement in Gazette on 11th January, 2010. A environmental management systems. The bilingual booklet has been brought out Charter has set targets concerning 4 on Noise Pollution (Regulation and conservation of water, energy, recovery Control) Rules, 2000 (as amended to of chemicals, reduction in pollution, date) by incorporating all amendments elimination of toxic pollutants, process & for creating mass awareness. The CPCB management of residues that are required has been advised for revisiting the to be disposed off in an environmentally national ambient noise standards. sound manner. The Charter enlists the – A road map has been drawn by CPCB action points for pollution control in for national ambient noise monitoring following 17 categories of highly network. polluting industries : Aluminium, Cement, – First phase of National Ambient Noise Chlor-Alkali, Copper Smelter, Distilleries, Monitoring Network has been Dyes & Dye Intermediates, Fertilizer, commissioned in accordance with NEP- Integrated Iron & Steel, Oil Refineries, 2006 during the year, starting from Pesticides, Petrochemicals, seven cities, namely, Delhi, Lucknow, Pharmaceuticals, Pulp & Paper, Tannery, Bengaluru, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Chennai Thermal Power Plants, and Zinc Smelter. and Mumbai by establishing 70 stations – For effective implementation of the to monitor ambient noise on 24 X 7 Charter, eight taskforces comprising basis. Monitoring data is available on experts and members from institutions the website of respective State Pollution and industry associations were Control Board and CPCB. constituted. Three of them in respect of Charter on Corporate Responsibility Thermal Power, Steel Sector and for Environmental Protection (CREP) Petroleum Oil Refinery have been reconstituted. These task forces are – Adoption of pollution control technologies meeting regularly to monitor and to could be successfully achieved through provide guidance to the industries for a coordinated approach in which adopting necessary pollution abatement industrial organizations and the measures. regulatory bodies should work in tandem,

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Table-22. The CEPI scores for Critically Polluted Industrial areas/ clusters SNo. Industrial Cluster/Area AIR WATER LAND CEPI 1. Ankleshwar (Gujarat) 72.00 72.75 75.75 88.50 2. Vapi (Gujarat) 74.00 74.50 72.00 88.09 3. Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh) 68.50 75.25 71.50 87.37 4. Chandrapur (Maharashtra) 70.75 67.50 66.50 83.88 5. Korba (Chhatisgarh) 67.00 57.00 72.50 83.00 6. Bhiwadi (Rajasthan) 71.00 69.00 59.50 82.91 7. Angul Talcher (Orissa) 64.00 69.00 65.75 82.09 8. Vellore (North Arcot) (Tamilnadu) 69.25 65.25 62.50 81.79 9. Singrauli (Uttar Pradesh) 70.50 64.00 59.50 81.73 10. Ludhiana (Punjab) 68.00 66.00 64.75 81.66 11. Nazafgarh drain basin , Delhi 52.13 69.00 65.25 79.54 12. Noida (Uttar Pradesh) 65.75 64.00 60.00 78.90 13. Dhanbad (Jharkhand) 64.50 59.00 65.50 78.63 14. Dombivalli (Maharashtra) 66.00 63.50 57.50 78.41 15. Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh) 66.00 63.50 56.00 78.09 16. Cuddalore (Tamilnadu) 54.00 65.25 64.00 77.45 17. Aurangabad (Maharashtra) 64.75 60.50 59.50 77.44 18. Faridabad (Haryana) 63.50 59.00 62.75 77.07 19. Agra (Uttar Pradesh) 59.00 63.75 59.50 76.48 20. Manali (Tamilnadu) 64.00 59.00 58.00 76.32 21. Haldia (West Bengal) 53.75 64.50 57.00 75.43 22. Ahmedabad (Gujarat) 62.75 58.00 58.00 75.28 23. Jodhpur (Rajasthan) 71.00 69.00 59.50 82.91 24. Cochin, Greater (Kerala) 57.00 64.00 54.00 75.08 25. Mandi Gobind Garh (Punjab) 62.00 55.50 62.00 75.08 26. Howrah (West Bengal) 57.00 54.50 63.50 74.84 27. Vatva (Gujarat) 60.00 62.00 56.00 74.77 28. Ib Valley (Orissa) 61.00 56.50 59.00 74.00 29. Varansi-Mirzapur (Uttar Pradesh) 58.00 62.00 53.50 73.79 30. Navi Mumbai (Maharashtra) 61.00 59.00 55.50 73.77 31. Pali (Rajasthan) 52.00 64.00 52.00 73.73 32. Mangalore (Karnataka) 61.75 57.75 54.00 73.68 33. Jharsuguda (Orissa) 61.00 56.50 56.00 73.34 34. Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) 62.25 58.75 45.50 72.38 35. Bhadravati (Karnataka) 62.75 56.50 45.50 72.33 36. Tarapur (Maharashtra) 60.75 56.00 51.25 72.01 37. Panipat (Haryana) 55.75 56.50 59.00 71.91 38. Indore (Madhya Pradesh) 59.00 57.50 52.00 71.26 39. Bhavnagar (Gujarat) 54.50 57.50 57.75 70.99 40. Vishakhapatnam (AndhraPradesh) 57.00 57.50 55.00 70.82 41. Junagarh (Gujarat) 53.25 52.50 59.50 70.82 42. Asansole (West Bengal) 58.38 56.25 50.50 70.20 43. Patancheru- -Bollaram (Andhra Pradesh) 50.00 59.00 54.00 70.07

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Critically Polluted Industrial Clusters/ experiencing health hazards. On the CEPI Areas scale, 43 such industrial clusters, having The Ministry of Environment & Forest CEPI greater than 70 on a scale of 0 to 100, (MoEF) has adopted a Comprehensive have been identified as critically polluted Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) system based on the parameters related to incidence of environmental assessment of the 88 of pollution in water, land (ground water) prominent Industrial Clusters, evolved by the and air. List of the critically polluted industrial Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in areas/ clusters is given at Table-22. collaboration with the Indian Institute of Based on the identification of industrial Technology (IIT), Delhi. CEPI, a rational number clusters / areas by the CPCB as critically or to characterize the environmental quality at severely polluted, Ministry of Environment & a given location following the algorithm of Forests vide Office Memorandum dated 13th Source, Pathway and Receptor and January, 2010 have imposed a temporary aggregated CEPI, indicates severe adverse restriction for a period of eight months up to effects on environment and also is an August, 2010, on consideration of indication of large percentage of population developmental projects for environmental Table-23. List of Critically Polluted Industrial clusters where moratorium has been lifted 4

State No. of Industrial clusters / areas Date of lifting clusters Morato-rium

Andhra Pradesh 1 Patancheru-Bollaram 26.10.10 Gujarat 3 Vapi 26.10.10 Bhavnagar 15.02.11 Junagarh 31.03.11 Haryana 2 Faridabad 31.03.11 Panipat 31.03.11 Karnataka 2 Bhadravati 23.05.11 Mangalore 23.05.11 Kerala 1 Greater Kochi 23.05.11 Madhya Pradesh 1 Indore 31.03.11 Maharashtra 4 Tarapur 26.10.10 Dombivalli 15.02.11 Aurangabad 15.02.11 Navi Mumbai 15.02.11 Orissa 2 Angul-Talchar 31.03.11 Ib Valley, Jharsuguda 05.07.11 Punjab 2 Mandi Gobind Garh 26.10.10 Ludhiana 15.02.11 Tamil Nadu 2 Coimbatore 26.10.10 Cuddalore 15.02.11 Uttar Pradesh 5 Agra 15.02.11 Varanasi-Mirzapur 15.02.11 Ghaziabad 31.03.11 Noida 31.03.11 Singrauli 05.07.11

117 Ministry of Environment & Forests clearance under EIA Notification, 2006 in arrangement and facilities for survey, 43 critically polluted clusters. During this identification, quantification and systems period, the CPCB along with the respective for monitoring. In this context, the role State Pollution Control Boards / UT Pollution of an environmental laboratory assumes Control Committees were required to finalize paramount importance and significance, a time bound action plan for improving the especially, for the assessment of the environmental quality in these identified status of environment and its components industrial clusters / areas. The moratorium and can facilitate effectively in prevention has subsequently been extended up to 31st and control of pollution. The Ministry March, 2012. While extending this, the has been implementing a programme moratorium has been lifted in twenty five for recognition of environmental areas / industrial clusters, whose action laboratories with the aim of increasing plans have been finalized by CPCB. The facilities for analysis of environmental State-wise list of critically polluted areas samples. where moratorium has been lifted is given at Revision and implementation of Table-23. Guidelines for Evaluation and The CPCB has done second round of Recognition of Environmental environmental assessment of CPAs on the Laboratories under E(P) Act, 1986 basis of monitoring carried out by Third Party – The extant guidelines (1994-95) for during Feb,.- March, 2011, this showed a establishment and recognition of the mix picture of CEPIs score. This highlight laboratories have been revised and issues of management of CPAs for proactive procedures streamlined. The revision approach. had become necessary as the Recognition of Environmental Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 has Laboratories under Environment been strengthened over the years with (Protection) Act (EPA), 1986 the enactments of various rules and notifications there under. Further, – The successful implementation of Environmental standards have been environmental protection programmes formulated for various parameters in essentially requires identifying and different industrial sectors. The guidelines quantifying the pollution sources and for recognition of environmental pollutants, conducting baseline survey, laboratories under E(P) Act, 1986 have lying down standards and build-up been revised by the Ministry with monitoring systems. To meet these emphasis laid on quality assurance and requirements, an environmental quality control aspects. The revised laboratory requires to be provided with guidelines have been placed on the all the necessary instruments and website of Ministry (www.envfor.nic.in) equipments as also expertise and for wider circulation. The revised capability of its staff for monitoring all guidelines (June 2008) are a definite groups of parameters including water, improvement in the content and the air, noise, hazardous waste, soil, sludge procedures for recognition of the etc. environmental laboratories. – For effective implementation of – These revised guidelines, have been environmental protection programmes made to bring in synergy in requirements there is an inescapable need for an between Environmental Acts, viz. the efficient and reliable institutional Water (Prevention and Control of

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Pollution) Act, 1974, the Air (Prevention water environment to a maximum. and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and Wastewater treatment and water the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. conservation are the prime objectives of Under the provisions of Section 12 and the CETP. The concept of CETPs was 13 of the E (P) A, 1986, the private envisaged to treat the effluent emanating laboratories are considered by the from the clusters of compatible small - Ministry for recognition. scale industries. It was also envisaged – The revised guidelines have been that burden of various Government operationalised. The Expert Committee authorities working for controlling on Labs is meeting once in every month pollution and monitoring of water to discuss all the cases of Govt. and pollution could be reduced once the Private Section Labs. CETPs are implemented and – As per the revised guidelines, periodic commissioned. surveillance of recognized environmental – A Centrally Sponsored Scheme has been laboratories under E(P) Act, 1986 was undertaken by the Government for also desired to be undertaken to assess enabling the small scale industries (SSI) the proper functioning, systematic to set up new and upgrade the existing Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETP) 4 operation and reliability of data generated at the laboratory. to cover all the States in the country. A scheme for financial assistance for the – During the year, 20 private sector Labs CETPs has been formulated as follows: were visited for considering recognition under E (P) A, 1986 and for undertaking – State subsidy – 25% of the total surveillance of the Labs. Eight Labs were project cost; recommended for recognition under E(P) – Central subsidy – 25% of the total Act, 1986 during the year. project cost; – Entrepreneurs contribution – 20% of – Procurement of ISO 9001:2008 and the total project cost; OHSAS 18001:2007 have been made – Loan from financial institutions – mandatory during this year for all 30% of the total project cost. (e.g. laboratories to be considered for IDBI, ICICI or any other nationalized recognition under E(P) Act, 1986 banks, State Industrial Financial – An Orientation Workshop on revised Corporation etc.) guidelines for recognition of laboratories – During this year, an allocation of Rs. under E(P) Act, 1986, was organized at 2.70 crore in the RE was made for CPCB on 8.7.2011. The Zone wise providing financial assistance to the on- Orientation Workshop has also been going CETP projects and for new projects. initiated. Financial assistance was provided for Common Effluent Treatment Plants the ongoing projects of CETPs at (CETPs) Pandesara, Gujarat and Waluj, – The concept of the Common Effluent Maharashtra. Treatment Plants (CETP) arose in order to – Fresh appraisal of the scheme of CETPs make a co-operative movement for is underway with the following salient pollution control. The main objective of features: the CETPs is to reduce the treatment cost – For CETPs involving primary/ to be borne by an individual member secondary/tertiary treatment, unit to a minimum while protecting the financial assistance would be

119 Ministry of Environment & Forests

provided by GOI to the tune of 50% – Primary, secondary and tertiary of maximum Rs. 1.50 crore/ MLD treatment to be covered. capacity, subject to a ceiling of – Proposals with progressive Central assistance of Rs. 15 crore technologies like Zero Liquid per CETP. Discharge (ZLD), Membrane filtration – For CETPs involving primary/ may be considered secondary/tertiary treatment and – Management Board of CETP to be ZLD treatment, financial assistance a Special Purpose Vehicle registered would be provided by GOI to the under an appropriate statute. tune of 50% of maximum Rs. 4.50 – Performance Guarantee at full crore/MLD capacity, subject to a design load to be ensured upfront ceiling of Central assistance of Rs. 20 crore per CETP. Taj Protection Mission – While sanctioning CETPs, the – In pursuance of the Hon’ble Supreme principle of equity should be applied Court’s Order, projects for environmental and priority be also given to CETPs protection of World Heritage Site of Taj proposed in Critically Polluted Areas. Mahal were initiated and funded by the – The modified ratio proposed in Ministry. The Planning Commission respect of Central share: State share: approved Rs. 600 crore on a 50:50 cost Project Proponent’s share is 50: sharing basis with the State Government 25:25:. The GOI would release its to implement various schemes in the Taj share in the ratio of 2:1 (Central Trapezium Zone for environmental subsidy: State subsidy) protection of the Taj Mahal. In the first commensurate with the State phase during the IX Five Year Plan, 10 Government release. projects were approved by the Government and implemented by the State Government of Uttar Pradesh. – The Ministry has sponsored a post- evaluation study for completed projects through the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur for ascertaining the improvement in environmental status of the area. The final report on the “Environmental Post Evaluation of the projects under the Taj Trapezium Zone” submitted by Fig-40. Aeration process in Sewage Treatment Plant NEERI, Nagpur has been

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accepted by the Ministry. The present covering vehicular pollution control, environmental condition vis-à-vis sewage treatment and assessment of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) operations and handing over of Common for the area as suggested in the report Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) in NCR has been found useful for initiation of to the concerned societies, monitoring of future activities in TTZ. action plans for improvement of air – At present, only a token of Rs. one lakh quality in seven metro cities etc. and in is available under the scheme. addition, the matters referred to it by – Subsequent to the acceptance by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in its various Ministry of the Post Evaluation Report of Judgments. the TTZ projects and in order to revive – EPCA is reporting the compliance status the scheme of TTZ, the U.P. Govt. has and special tasks assigned to it to the been intimated to formulate fresh Hon’ble Supreme Court from time to proposals related to the strengthening of time. solid waste management, water Loss of Ecology (Prevention and management, electricity supply and payments of Compensation) Authority distribution, road connectivity, greening for the State of Tamil Nadu. 4 and other activities which have a bearing – In compliance with the Hon’ble Supreme on the environment in the TTZ area, in Court’s order dated August 28, 1998 in line with the EMP suggested by NEERI, Writ Petition (Civil) No. 914 of 1991 Nagpur. viz. Vellore Citizen’s Welfare Forum – After fresh proposals are submitted by versus Union of India and Others, the the Govt. of U.P, provision for more Ministry constituted the Loss of Ecology funds during the XII FYP would be taken (Prevention and Payments of up with the Planning Commission. Till Compensation) Authority for the State of date no comprehensive proposal has Tamil Nadu under the Chairmanship of been received from the Government of a retired Judge of U. P. vide notification SO 671 (E) dated Environmental Authorities September 30, 1996, to deal with the situation created by the tanneries and Environment Pollution (Prevention other pollution industries in Tamil Nadu. Control) Authority for the National The tenure of the authority has been Capital Region extended until further orders in – The Environment Pollution (Prevention compliance with the Hon’ble Supreme and Control) Authority (EPCA) for Court’s order dated 28th February, 2011. National Capital Region was constituted Central Pollution Control Board under sub-section (3) of Section 3 of the (CPCB) Environment Protection Act, 1986 on 29th January, 1998 vide S.O. No. 93(E) Introduction dated January 29, 1998 under the The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Chairmanship of Sh. Bhure Lal. The performs functions as laid down under the tenure of the EPCA was extended from Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, time to time, and at present extended 1974, and the Air (Prevention and Control of th upto 28 January, 2013. Pollution) Act, 1981. It is responsible for – The issues considered by the Authority planning and executing comprehensive nation- include environment related matters wide programmes for the prevention and

121 Ministry of Environment & Forests control of water and air pollution, for advising areas/clusters and monitoring their the Central Government on matters concerning implementation ; prevention and control of water and air – Action plans for monitoring air pollution and for coordinating activities of quality in 16 polluted cities ; State Pollution Control Boards/ Pollution Control – National water quality monitoring Committees besides providing technical and publishing annual water quality assistance & guidance to them. reports ; The Central Pollution Control Board has – National ambient air quality been playing a vital role in abatement and monitoring and publishing annual control of pollution in the country by air quality reports ; generating environmental quality data, – Carrying out and sponsoring providing scientific information, rendering research activities relevant to technical inputs for formulating national environment protection ; policies and programmes, training and – Publishing material relevant to development of manpower and organizing environment protection ; activities for promoting awareness at different Achievements during the year levels of the Government and public at large. Environmental Laboratories The Central Pollution Control Board also Development co-ordinates enforcement and implementation Participation in Joint Inspections of Private of Rules framed under the Environmental and Government Laboratories for (Protection) Act, 1986 with State Pollution Consideration of Recognition under The Control Boards/Pollution Control Committees. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 It also provides support to various committees and authorities constituted by the Government Private Sector Laboratories of India such as The Environmental Pollution Central Pollution Control Board has (Prevention and Control) Authority for the participated in joint inspections with Ministry National Capital Region. of Environment & Forests (MoEF) and CPCB’s Activities respective State Pollution Control Boards for – Coordinating activities of State Pollution recognition of following private environmental Control Boards/Pollution Control laboratories under the Environment (Protection) Committees for prevention & control of Act, 1986 during the year 2010-2011: pollution ; – M/s Min Mec Enviro. Lab, Delhi – Development of industry specific national – M/s GRC Laboratory, Noida, U. P. minimal effluent and emission standards; – Development of industry specific – M/s Chandigarh Pollution Testing environmental guidelines and Laboratory, Mohali, Punjab comprehensive documents; – M/s Environment Management Quality – Implementation of CREP Center, Mohali, Punjab recommendations & Compliance of – M/s Newcon Consultancy & Standards for major polluting industrial Laboratories, Ghaziabad, U. P. sectors were undertaken compliance through Task Forces, the major highlights – M/s Spectro Analytical Labs Ltd., New of sectors are given below : Delhi – Action plans for improvement of – M/s Klean Laboratories Ltd., Pune, environment in 43 critically polluted Maharashtra.

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Government / Public Sector – M/s International Testing Centre, Laboratories , Haryana – Regional laboratory – Maharashtra State – M/s Punjab Bio-Technology & Incubator, Pollution Control Board, Nagpur Mohali, Punjab – M/s Industrial Testing Laboratory, Patiala, – Regional laboratory – Maharashtra State Punjab Pollution Control Board, Nashik Analytical Quality Control (AQC/ – Regional laboratory – Maharashtra State Water) for Central and State Pollution Pollution Control Board, Aurangabad Control Boards, Pollution Control – Central Laboratory – Uttar Pradesh Committees and for Laboratories Pollution Control Board, Lucknow, U. P. Recognized under the E (P) Act, 1986. – Regional Laboratory – Madhya Pradesh Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Pollution Control Board, Jabalpur in association with SPCBs/PCCs maintains – Regional Laboratory – Madhya Pradesh vast water quality monitoring network with Pollution Control Board, Indore aim to evaluate the status of water quality Participation in Joint Inspections of bodies. The analysis of quality of data is very Govt. / Pvt. Laboratories with Punjab important to formulate the policy by the 4 Pollution Control Board for decision maker based on the data generated Consideration of Recognition under in the monitoring programmes. To ensure the The Water / Air Act reliability of the data, Central Pollution Control Board initiated “Analytical Quality Control – M/s ECO Pro Engineers Pvt. Ltd., (AQC)” programme with 20 laboratories Ghaziabad, U. P. during year 1991. In year 2012, number of – M/s Spectro Analytical Labs Ltd., Delhi laboratories participated in this exercise have – M/s SGS India Pvt. Ltd., , reached to 202 laboratories of SPCBs/ Haryana PCCs, the E (P) Act 1986 recognized – M/s Haryana Test House, Panipat, laboratories. As on 31st March 2012, 27 Haryana rounds of Analytical Quality Control exercises were conducted and performance reports were communicated to the (1996-2012) participating laboratories. Twenty Physico – Chemical parameters being covered under this scheme. Environmental Research Activities Salt-less Preservation of Hides and Skins by Lyophilisation Technique CPCB undertook an R&D intervention initiative Fig-41. Growth of Analytical Quality Control / Water Programme between Year to minimize use of salt in 1996 – 2012 hide preservation in the

123 Ministry of Environment & Forests tannery sector thereby eliminate the key factor future, a study titled “Impact of air pollution contributing to high dissolved solids in effluent on corrosion of metallic and non-metallic streams from leather processing industries. materials has been initiated in association The process focuses on freeze drying of hides with National Metallurgical Laboratory, by lyophilization technique. It is based on the Jamshedpur. The project studies include the principle of sublimation, whereby, water content selection of some sites from various parts of in the materials to be preserved is first the country that shows fluctuations in converted into ice and is sublimated to water meteorological conditions, environmental vapor under vacuum condition, thus extracting conditions and levels and sources of air the water content and make the lyophilized pollution. This study would help in the item freeze dried, stable and easier to store development of corrosion rate. at ambient temperature. Pilot Plant Study of Water Treatment Utilization of Distillery Effluent as a using Sludge-Reagent-Product (SRP) Source of Nutrients for Crop Technology production in Different Agro-climatic An innovative technology called Regions of India “Sludge-Reagent-Product (SRP) Technology” CPCB initiated a three year duration was developed by Central Pollution Control network study - “Utilization of Distillery Effluent Board with an aim to recover the alum in as a Source of Nutrients for Crop production the sludge used for treatment of water. in Different Agro-climatic Regions of India” - Adoptions of this technology yielded 80 to in the year 2007-08 in association with four 90% recovery of chemical coagulant (alum) agricultural institutes/centres - Indian from discarded alum-treated-sludge for Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) New recycling and reuse. Delhi (coordinating agency), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) Coimbatore, Standardization of methodology for Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV) determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Rahuri and College of Agriculture, Indore. Hydrocarbon (PAHs) by reversed- The study has been completed and the phase High-Performance Liquid combined report is under finalisation. Chromatography (HPLC) Corrosion Impact Assessment Studies- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) A report are organic compounds introduced into the environment mainly during the combustion Air pollution effects not only people’s processes, such as burning of fossil fuels. The health and living organisms like plants and levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon animals but also extend to the man-made (PAH) pollutants are usually low in aqueous materials such as metallic and non-metallic samples. High Performance Liquid materials. These materials are used in the Chromatography (HPLC) with Ultra-Violet (UV) construction of cultural properties, monuments detector and Florescence Detector are used and buildings etc. Air pollution along with for PAHs analysis since it provides both high meteorological conditions causes the sensitivity and high specificity. National deterioration of these materials that result in Reference Trace Organics Laboratory of the loss of public assets and economic losses. Central Pollution Control Board undertaken a To investigate the effect of air pollution project for standardization of methodology on different metallic materials, alloys, coated for determination of PAHs by reversed-phase surfaces and non-metallic materials viz. stones, HPLC with Ultra-Violet (UV) Diode Array marbles and to mitigate such problems in Detector during the year 2010-11 and

124 Annual Report 2011-2012 developed protocols for analysis of Polycyclic A study has been undertaken by Central Aromatic Hydrocarbon using HPLC. Pollution Control Board in collaboration with During year 2011-2012, the project University College of Medical Sciences “PAH in water and sediments from major (UCMS) as collaborative project during year drains and river in Delhi stretch” has 2008-09; 2009-10; 2010-11 to generate been undertaken with the objectives to epidemiological data and establishment of determine the concentration levels of PAH in relative risk relationship between the incidence surface water and sediments of the River of adverse health outcomes including cancer Yamuna and major drains joining the River due to exposure to pesticides with special within Delhi stretch; to obtain trends in spatial reference to organo-chlorine Persistent and temporal variation of PAH concentration; Organic Pollutants residues and Poly- to identify possible sources of PAHs input to chlorinated Biphenyls. the River; and to generate baseline data to During the study, 300 blood samples be used in developing effective remedial from various age groups of population have measures. been analyzed for organo-chlorine Persistent Organic Pollutants. The higher incidences of The total PAHs concentration in Yamuna presence of Total BHC, Endosulphan, River water and sediments was found 1.29 4 Heptachlor and Total DDT have been found – 1.32 µgL-1 and 0.78 – 3.10 mg kg-1 in blood samples from Elderly population respectively and for major drains water and (Age group 40-60 years) and Senior citizens sediments it was between 1.76 – 9.60 µgL- (>60 years). Poly-chlorinated Biphenyls was 1 and 3.99 – 6.05 mg kg-1 respectively. non-traceable in all the blood samples Methodology development and analyzed. High POPs pesticides body burden, standardization for determination of increases vulnerability of elderly population Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) to various critical diseases and age related by purge & trap pre-concentration disorders. followed by Gas Chromatograph- Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis National Water Quality Monitoring National Water Quality Monitoring Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) refer Programme to organic chemical compounds which have significant vapor pressures and affect the In order to assess the nature and extent environment and human health, they are of pollution control needed in different water both man-made and naturally occurring bodies or their part, water quality monitoring chemical compounds. The National Reference is an imperative prerequisite. Central Pollution Trace Organics Laboratory of Central Pollution Control Board in collaboration with State Control Board undertook a project during Pollution Control Boards has established a 2010-11 for methodology development and Water Quality Monitoring Network covering standardization for determination of Volatile 2000 sampling locations located in 27 States Organic Carbons adopting USEPA method and 6 Union Territories covering 383 Rivers, 524.2 using Purge and Trap GC-MS. 127 Lakes, 9 Tanks, 59 Ponds, 40 Creeks/ Project “Assessment of Persistent Seawater, 17 Canals, 34 Drains and 595 Organic Pollutants (POPs) residues in Wells. Water samples are analyzed for 28 human population of Delhi with parameters consisting of physico-chemical and special reference to adverse health bacteriological parameters for ambient water effects and morbidity” (collaborative samples apart from the field observations. project with UCMS and GTB Hospital) Besides this, nine (9) trace metals and 28

125 Ministry of Environment & Forests pesticides are analyzed in selected samples. than 4 mg/l (avg.) at all monitored locations In view of resource, constraints limited numbers showed high bacterial contamination. In West of organic pollution related parameters are Bengal water quality analysis of river Ganga chosen for frequent monitoring i.e. monthly or was undertaken from Farakka to Ganga quarterly and major cations, anions, other Sagar. The dissolved oxygen content was inorganic ions and micro pollutants (Toxic uniform throughout the entire length of River Metals & POP’s) are analyzed once in a year Ganga indicating a high re-aeration rate and to keep track of water quality over large rapid aerobic oxidation of biological period of time. The water quality data are substances. reported in Water Quality Status Year Book. The water quality monitoring results obtained Air Quality Network between 1995 to 2010 indicated that the National Ambient Air quality organic and bacterial contamination continue Standards to be critical in water bodies, this is mainly The National Ambient Air Quality due to discharge of untreated domestic Standards (NAAQS) were notified in the wastewater from the urban centres. year 1982, duly revised in 1994 based on Water quality-monitoring program at health criteria and land use based approach. the river stretch of Interstate The NAAQS have been revisited and revised Boundaries in November 2009 in consultation with civil One of the function of the Central Pollution society and experts for 12 pollutants which Control Board, under Section 16 2(b) of the include SO2, NO2, PM10, PM2.5, Ozone, Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Lead, Arsenic, Nickel, CO, NH3, Benzene, Act, 1974 is to “co-ordinate the activities of and B(a)P (particulate phase). the State Boards and resolve disputes among National Ambient Air Quality them”. In the light of above, CPCB is monitoring Monitoring Programme the water quality of rivers at the interstate The Central Board is executing a nation- boundaries since 2005. At present, monitoring wide National Air Quality Monitoring is carried out four times a year at 82 locations Programme (NAMP) covering 520 operating spread over 40 rivers. It was observed that stations (Fig. 42) spread over covering 215 in 26 rivers at 40 locations the water was cities/towns and industrial areas in 26 States polluted due to high Bio-Chemical Oxygen and 5 Union Territories. The Table below Demand (BOD), one of the most important shows the number of sanctioned and indicator of water quality. Water Quality of River

Ganga 600 550 520 500 CPCB is regularly 456 450 411 monitoring the water Quality of 400 350 342 346 296 314 300 280 River Ganga from Allahabad to 260 250 Tarighat (Gajipur) stretch at 15 200 150 84 locations to assess the of stations monitoring Number 100 7 50 performance of STPs (GAP-1) 0

9 2 02 08 10 992 - - and the impact on river water 1982 1987 1 1997 20 2006 -201 2007 2008-0 2009 2010-11 11 quality. The main observations 20 Years were that D.O. in the complete Fig-42. Growth of operating ambient air quality monitoring Network stretch of river Ganga was more

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Ambient air Quality monitoring at International Boundary with Bangladesh at Port Canning, West Bengal Air Quality Monitoring Fig.-43. Monthwise Avg. of PM at Port Canning (April-10 to March-11) 10 Station is installed at Port Canning, West Bengal, India Table-24. Number of metropolitan cities located about 70 km east of Kolkata city, exceeding the NAAQS (Based on annual bordering Bangladesh (23 km from average data), 2010 Bangladesh border) under Malé Declaration for the study of trans-boundary movement of Category Metropolitan cities pollutants. (population > 10 lacs) Capacity Building Program Under SO NO PM 2 2 10 Malé Declaration 4 Not 35 30 3 Ministry of Environment and Forests & exceeding Central Pollution Control Board organized NAAQS the Regional Stakeholder's Meeting and Inter Exceeding 0 5 31 Governmental Meeting 12 at Delhi during NAAQS June 27-30, 2011 with a view to review the progress of Malé Declaration, discussions on Total cities 35 35 34 reviewing the monitoring activities in transboundary air pollution and discussions on the Task Force on Future Development. operating air quality monitoring stations till The program also considers the designing of 31st March, 2012. work program on implementation of the Ambient Air Quality - Agra future activities. Delegates from all the eight With reference to the Writ Petition (C) participating countries attended the program. No. 13381/1984 M.C. Mehta Vs Union of India and directives by Hon’ble Supreme Noise Pollution Control Court of India in 2000, the CPCB is Implementation of Noise (Regulation monitoring Ambient Air Quality at four & Control) Rules identified locations in Agra. The data on As decided in the 56th Conference of quarterly basis is being submitted to the Member Secretaries and Chairmen, the working Hon’ble Supreme Court and Taj-Trapezium group that was constituted held its 1st meeting Zone Authority in compliance to the in Bangalore on 23rd February 2011 and as directives. The geographic limits of Taj- a follow up of first meeting the second meeting Trapezium Zone (TTZ) is in the air pollution was conducted on 18th March, 2011. As per sensitive zone trapezoidal shape, covering recommendation of the committee, the Central an area of 10,400 Sq. km The area has Pollution Control Board has written to all the been under study since 1982. The overall Chief Secretaries of States / Union Territories ambient air quality has improved due to for demarcation of noise zones and Identification introduction of CNG in the vehicular transport of implementing authority. and in several industries.

127 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Central Pollution Control Board in Sewage Treatment association with State Pollution Control In-Situ Treatment of Sewage Boards has established Real Time National Ambient Noise Monitoring Network in seven The wastewater management is an metropolitan cities and installed five noise important aspect of water pollution. Class-I monitoring System each of the following and Class-II towns in the country generate metros viz. Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, 38,254 MLD of which the treatment is Chennai, Bangalore, Lucknow and provided for only 11,787 MLD (31%). The Hyderabad under Phase-I of the programme. Central Pollution Control Board has taken The above said network was dedicated to initiatives for implementation of “In-situ rd the nation on 23 March, 2011 by Hon’ble Treatment of sewage” by application of Minister of Environment & Forest, Sh. Jairam microbial consortia in drains for interim Ramesh. remedial measure. The technology is able to Noise Pollution Control in IGI Airport, reduce pollution load in terms of BOD, COD Delhi & Suspended Solids up to 80% and heavy In compliance with the direction of metals and other chemicals upto 50%. Hon’ble Delhi High Court, Central Pollution The demonstrative project on “In-situ Control Board constituted an expert committee treatment of sewage” has been launched at on Noise Pollution Control in and around Ramnagar Domora Drain, Bharatpur and A. Indira Gandhi International (IGI) airport, B. Road Drain Indore. These projects are Delhi. The expert committee advised CPCB operational presently. The technology is further on issues related to noise pollution caused proposed to be utilized at four locations due to aircraft movement in and around IGI under National Ganga River Basin Authority airport, some of them are listed below : (NGRBA) Scheme at Morigate Nala, – To guide the working group on technical Allahabad; Bakarganj Nala, Patna and City aspects for assessment of the noise Drain Farukhabad and at Budha Nala, problem in the vicinity of Indira Gandhi Ludhiana under National River Conservation International (IGI) Airport. Directorate (NRCD). – To develop the methodology including Performance Monitoring of Sewage identification of noise monitoring Treatment Plant (STPs) equipments, monitoring location and the number of monitoring stations Monitoring of Sewage Treatment required for the study Plants at Allahabad, Mirzapur and Varanasi (Under NRCD project) – To propose the noise monitoring network at the IGI airport. Treated effluent quality from sewage treatment plants installed along the river – To evaluate and interpret the data stretch from Allahabad to Tarighat (Gazipur) generated from the noise monitoring. is being monitored regularly by Central Pollution Control Board. The committee was to engage an expert agency for conducting noise monitoring STP, (15 MLD) and noise contour mapping in and around IGI airport, a study proposal including 15 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant is in tender document has been prepared for the operation for treatment of sewage generated purpose. from Zone – A, whereas 4.5 MLD plant is

128 Annual Report 2011-2012

Table-25. STP at Allahabad, Mirzapur and Varanasi - An Overview

STP Place Type Capacity Operating Date of (MLD) Agency Commissioning

Mirzapur Mirzapur UASB 14 U. P. Jal Nigam 31.01.95

Allahabad Allahabad ASP 60 U.P. Jal Nigam June-July1999

Bhagwanpur Varanasi ASP 8 U.P. Jal Nigam 31.01.90 (BHU)

Dinapur Varanasi ASP 80 U.P. Jal Nigam 31.01.95

DLW Varanasi ASP 12 DLW 31.01.89

Allahabad Allahabad FAB 29 U.P. Jal Nigam January2008 approved and proposed near Narwana Road Jaipur Municipal Corporation for wastewater 4 for Zone – B. treatment from Bramhapuri area. Tertiary Treatment Plant (TTP) at STP, (10 MLD) Jalmahal (7.8 MLD) Rohtak is bound by Jind and The Tertiary Treatment Plant (7.8 MLD districts on the North, on the capacity) attached to 27 MLD sewage South, Jhajjar and on the East treatment plant at Jalmahal being managed and and districts in West of by Jaipur Development Authority (JDA). The Haryana state. The domestic waste is treatment system consist of collection, flash generated from Rohtak city and HUDA mixture, settling and wetland treatment. Sectors. The domestic waste water generated from HUDA sectors is treated in 10 MLD STP Delawas (62.5 MLD) Sewage Treatment Plant. At Delawas, there are two STPs of 62.5 STP Bhattian, Ludhiana, Punjab MLD capacity each. STP Unit I was commissioned on 15th February, 2006 while The Sewage treatment plant (111 MLD) STP unit II is new and under stabilization. based on UASB technology was constructed Both the STPs are having similar treatment and commissioned in March 2007 by Punjab system comprising coarse & fine screens, grit Water Supply and Sewerage Board, separators, primary clarifiers, diffused Ludhiana, Punjab under Action Plan at aeration, secondary clarifiers, sludge Bhattian village, Ludhiana. The other two thickener, centrifuge, sludge digesters and Sewage treatment plants (STPs) constructed gas holders. The generated gas is being used at Ludhiana city are at Jamalpur (48 MLD) for power generation to run the blower for and at Balloke152 MLD. supplying air into diffused aeration system. Status of Sewage Treatment Plants at STP at Jaisingh Khor (50 MLD) Jaipur The STP at Jaisingh Khor village is a STP at Jalmahal (27 MLD) newly commissioned sewage treatment plant The RUIDP Jaipur has constructed 27 having 50 MLD capacity. The plant was not MLD STP at Jalmahal, the STP is managed by fully stabilized and only 50% of the flow was

129 Ministry of Environment & Forests being received due to improper drainage Bangalore i.e. Cubbon Park Sewage system. Treatment Plant and Lalbagh Sewage STP at Shastri Nagar Circle (1.0 MLD) Treatment Plant were undertaken by Central Pollution Control Board Zonal Office The 1.0 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant is Bangalore during the year. located at Shastri Nagar Circle for treating Cubbon Park Sewage Treatment Plant domestic effluents. The treatment system consists of collection, reaction tank-I with Cubbon Park Sewage Treatment Plant media, reaction tank-II with media, tube (Capacity: 1.5 MLD) is located opposite to settler and treated water storage tank. Kanteerva Stadium, Bangalore. This is the STP at Amberpet Hyderabad (Andhra first sewage treatment plant installed with Pradesh) MBR technology in India and is in operation since August 2005. The plant is sponsored The Sewage Treatment Plant having 339 by Bangalore Development Authority. The MLD capacity has been operational since treated sewage is used for maintaining year 2009 at Amberpet, Hyderabad. The greenery in the Cubbon Park thus facilitating STP is provided with facilities of Primary the park’s concept of “green culture” by settling tank, Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge using recycled water for landscaping. Blanket Reactors (UASB), Facultative Aerated Lalbagh Sewage Treatment Plant Lagoon and Chlorination. STPs at Bangalore (Karnataka) Lalbagh Sewage Treatment Plant (Capacity: 1.5 MLD) is located in Bangalore is in operation Performance evaluation of two STPs at since August 2004. The plant is operated by Bangalore Water Supply Sewerage Board. The Table-26. Sewage Treatment Plants at Jaipur

Actual S. Treatment Capacity flow Compliance STP Source Disposal No. Technology MLD in status MLD 1. STP at Domestic Complying Jalmahal ASP 27 40 & Disposed industrial in to 2. TTP at TPP followed Outlet of Jalmahal Complying Jalmahal by wetland 7.8 7.8 Jalmahal system STP 3. STP at UASB Domestic Not Shastri (floating 1.0 1.0 Plantation complying Nagar media) and drain Circle 4. STP at ASP followed 62.5 62.5 Nallah Partially Delawas-I by sludge Domestic complying 5. STP at digestor 62.5 62.5 & Nallah Under Delawas- industrial stabilization II 6. Jaisingh 50 25 Domestic Nallah Under Khor stabilization

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STP comprises of wet well, Primary treatment units viz. fine screen channel, grit chamber followed by activated sludge process, clarifier and tertiary treatment system viz chemical dosage tank, flocculation tank followed by final clarifier, chlorination dosing chamber, treated effluent storage tank, centrifuge and sludge drying beds. The treated effluents are carried to Lalbagh garden through HDPE pipes and used for gardening purpose. Other Issues Source Apportionment Fig-44. Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Studies Particulate matter concentrations in 4 particulates (PM10 & PM2.5), being one of the ambient air at several towns and cities in the most critical air pollutants. A National country is a major non-attainment air quality Summary report has been prepared, which parameter. Air quality improvement efforts in was reviewed by Steering & Technical these areas may require comprehensive Committees and also Peer Reviewed by science based approach involving International Experts. The Report was – Identification of emission sources; approved by the Govt. in December 2010. – Assessment of extent of contribution of Implementation of Corporate these sources; Responsibility for Environment – Prioritizing the sources that need to be Protection (CREP) tackled; Implementation of CREP – Evaluation of various options for recommendations & Compliance of Standards controlling the sources with regard to for major polluting industrial sectors were feasibility and economic viability and undertaken compliance through Task Forces – Formulation and implementation of , the major highlights of the concerned appropriate action plans. sectors are given below : In view of this and as follow-up to the – Refineries & petrochemicals : 3rd Auto Fuel Policy Report, 2003, the Air Task Force on Oil Refineries was held Quality Monitoring, Emission Inventory and on 30th September, 2011, the following Source Apportionment Studies have been tasks with time schedules recommended taken up by Central Pollution Control Board for implementation of CREP in Six cities viz. Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, recommendations and implementation Kanpur, Mumbai and Pune with support of of standards is briefed below: premier Research Institutes like Automotive – Possibilities of co-processing of oily Research Association of India (ARAI); IITs of sludge in Cement Kilns & Power Chennai, Kanpur and Mumbai; CSIR- NEERI Plants should be explored and time and The Energy Research Institute (TERI). The targets specified for the same - study focussed on apportionment of fine January 2012

131 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Details of major shutdowns taken ambient air quality and emissions - during last five years with task April 2012 carried out during these periods for – The refineries will submit a detailed compliance of CREP report on the adequacy of process recommendations and and effluent treatment facilities - implementation of new standards - March 2012 January 2012 – The units should submit the details – Compile data on particulate matter on management of oily sludge, tank emitted, wherein the duel fuel (fuel bottom sludge management. The gas and fuel oil) issued, to assess new tankers, whenever inducted the factor effecting achievability of into service be provided with bottom emission norms -March 2012 loading facilities - March 2012 – To sell pet coke only to those units Respective SPCBs to instruct the refineries having valid consent under Air Act in their areas to submit detailed report on the and equipped with proper air capacity addition, modifications carried out pollution control devices - January, with respect to process and effluent treatment 2012 facilities and adequacy of the ETP facilities. – Report on Risks involved in covering – Power plants : The third meeting of effluent treatment facilities with VOC the Task Force on Thermal Power plants removal system and measures for implementation of CREP proposed for fool proof safety system recommendations was held on 08th will be prepared by HPCL Refinery November, 2011. Following are the - January, 2012 recommendations for immediate – Upload the environmental status compliance by all the concerned. details envisaging effluent – All non compliant power plants characteristics, source emission shall submit the compliance status data, ambient air quality and solid/ of directions within 30 days along hazardous waste generated, stored with a bar chart for implementation & disposed on the websites for of Action Plan for achieving the public information - January, 2012 environmental norms in a time bound – Brief note on report of Leak Detection manner. And Repair (LDAR) to assess the – Thermal Power Plants who do not total losses along with steps taken currently have in place the Ash to reduce the losses will be submitted Water Recirculation Systems (AWRS) by all units - January 2012 should plan for the same immediately – All the refineries will provide the and submit a time bound Action real time data on ambient air and Plan. source emissions to CPCB. The units – DVC, in respect of all their older will monitor all the notified plants, shall provide AWRS and dry parameters for compliance fly ash collection systems. verification - January 2012 – UPRVUNL shall submit a time bound – The refineries will strengthen the action plan along with a Bar Chart infrastructure facilities for monitoring for all its activities being taken and of all the parameters as per notified achievements for improvement of standards with respect to effluent, environmental conditions including

132 Annual Report 2011-2012

flyash utilisation by December, steel plants located in India. The last NTF 2012. meeting was held on 21st December, – APGENCO’s Power Plants shall 2011 at CPCB, Delhi. provide with an online AAQ NTF meeting discussed on compliance monitoring stations and stack status of Integrated Iron & Steel Plant emission monitors by July 2012 and and Sponge Iron Plants, and all stations connected to CPCB / implementation status w.r.t. CREP action SPCB Server. points and technology interventions by – All power plants shall submit Action the industry. Plan to achieve 100 % flyash utilisation as per 03 November, Environmental Quality Monitoring in 2009 Notification. Critically Polluted Areas – NTPC to take urgent initiatives on Central Pollution Control Board has co-processing of wastes in respect engaged Third Party agencies, i.e. M/s SGS of their thermal power plants. India Pvt. Ltd. and M/s Vimta Labs for – Standards should be developed for monitoring of air, water and ground water the parameters SO & NO for the quality in 43 Critically Polluted Areas. The 2 X 4 plants using imported coal/pet coke. monitoring was conducted in February– A meeting in this regard should be March, 2011. organised by CPCB soon. Regarding the effectiveness in improving – Backfilling of mines (open cast) may the environmental quality in critically polluted be permitted on a case to case basis areas from where the moratorium has been only after CPCB / concerned SPCB lifted, it is pertinent to mention that some is satisfied that proper compaction short-term action plans have been and studies for soil stability, leaching implemented / initiated. State Pollution impact including toxicity and Control Board Boards are also keeping radiological impact study have been constant vigil over polluting industries and carried out in each case. Common facilities / CETPs for their effective – Integrated/ joint studies for operation and maintenance. The long-term Environmental Impact Assessment action plans are yet to be implemented. The need to be taken up for the areas activities pertaining to technological like Singrauli, Korba, Talcher, intervention (adoption of cleaner technology Ratnagiri etc. / fuel), sewage treatment, municipal solid – Methodology for assessing bank waste management, vehicular pollution guarantee needs to be spelt out. control / traffic diversion, infrastructural CPCB is working on the same and development / renewal, hazardous waste would soon be bringing out suitable management, up-gradation of existing guidelines in this regard. environmental infrastructures etc. are still to – Iron & Steel : National Task Force be implemented, which play a vital role in (NTF) for Iron & Steel has been constituted improvement of environmental quality and for the implementation of Environmental reduction of CEPI scores. Therefore, standards and improving the improvement in total environmental status of environmental performance of the Iron & the critically polluted areas would be reflected Steel plants in the country. NTF meetings after implementation of long-term action are held at periodic intervals at various plans.

133 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Assessment of CEPI in new Industrial – Collecting basic information about Clusters effluent generation, treatment and The assessment of CEPI is a dynamic disposal and requirement/feasibility process and based on the annual average for CETP in respect of all clusters. data bank CEPI may be calculated regularly – Assessment of unmet need for so that the impact and effect of enforcement common effluent treatment plants in could be evaluated in terms of improvement the country. in environmental quality of selected industrial Formulation of Guidelines for Idol clusters. Therefore, software is being Immersion developed by Central Pollution Control Board To curb the pollution problem in river / through M/s DOEACC Society, Chandigarh water bodies due to Immersion of Idols, the for web-based online calculation of CEPI, Central Pollution Control Board has laid which would be shared with SPCBs. The down “Guidelines for Idol Immersion”, which software would enable the concerned SPCBs has been published under Programme / PCCs to recalculate the CEPI for their area Objective Series: PROBES/136/2010 and on regular basis to ensure better enforcement also available on CPCB’s Website and compliance. The SPCBs / PCC would be (www.cpcb.nic.in) The Guidelines has been capable in regular evaluation of CEPI for the forwarded to each State Government for major industrial clusters falling under their necessary action at their end. jurisdiction to keep constant vigil and prevent further environmental degradation. Municipal Solid Wastes CETP for industrial clusters Municipal Solid Waste Management Demonstration Projects The concept of Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) was developed to Ministry of Environment & Forests and achieve end-of-pipe treatment of combined Central Pollution Control Board have instituted wastewater generated by clusters at lower a scheme for setting up of demonstration unit cost than could be achieved by individual project on municipal solid waste management industries and to facilitate discharge, in accordance with Municipal Solid Waste monitoring and enforcement by regulatory Management (MSW) Rules. The objective of agencies to ensure regular satisfactory the scheme is to demonstrate implementation operation. The Ministry of Environment & of MSW Rules in an integrated manner. The Forests, Govt. of India (MoEF) introduced a scheme is based on cost sharing basis, where financial support scheme (CETP Scheme) concerned local body is required to contribute since 1994 to ensure their growth in an 50% of total cost of the project. The status of environmentally compatible manner. demonstration projects undertaken at selected towns is given in Table-27. In order to assess the actual unmet need for common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) Hazardous Wastes Management in the country, the inventorisation of all Co-Processing of HW industrial clusters was proposed to be done by SPCBs/PCCs. The study would cover the The Hazardous Wastes (Management, following objectives: Handling & Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2008, provided specific section (Rule 11) – State wise documentation of general dedicated to utilization of Hazardous wastes information on all industrial clusters as a supplementary resource or energy in the country. recovery or after processing. In view of this,

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Table-27. Status of demonstration projects undertaken at selected towns S. No. State Towns Status 1. West Bengal North Dum-Dum & Completed New Barrackpore 2. UT Chandigarh Chandigarh Completed 3. Tamil Nadu Udumalpet Delayed 4. Kerala Kozhikode (MoEF) – 5. Himachal Pradesh Mandi Completed Ph-I 6. Andhra Pradesh Suryapet Completed 7. Nagaland Kohima Delayed 8. Maharashtra Jalna Delayed 9. Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar Withdrawn 10. Sikkim South West District Delayed 4 11. Tripura Agartala Completed Ph-I 12. Gujarat AUDA (MoEF) – the Central Pollution Control Board has granted by CPCB after successful trial runs. brought out guidelines on Co-processing of So far, twenty five cement industries are distillery spent wash in Cement/Power/Steel permitted for regular co-processing of Industry and taken-up trial run for co- Hazardous Wastes, so far 15,53,253 tonnes processing of few categories of wastes and Hazardous Wastes have been co-processed regular permission for the same is being in cement kilns. granted. The potential of incinerable waste Co-processing of wastes in Thermal generation from the southern states of the power plants is a new initiative. As per country are as follows: international literature, not much work has Co-Processing of Wastes in Cement been done with respect to co-processing of Plant, Thermal Power Plant and Steel industrial wastes in Thermal Power Plants. Plant - Project Funded by MoEF Only selected wastes such as biomass, wood residue, Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), Tires A MoEF funded two years project on “Co- have been tried for co-processing in other processing of hazardous and other wastes in countries. Thermal power Plants were pursued cement plants, iron & steel plants and thermal to identify the wastes along with quantities power plants’ to explore the possibility of co- available in the vicinity and submit proposals processing Hazardous waste in environmentally to CPCB for conducting trial-runs. Six plants friendly manner as well save coal (the main have shown their interest for co-processing of fuel) in these plants. Twenty five cement plants, wastes like ETP sludge (from Paint, Refinery, six thermal power plants and eight steel plants Petrochemical etc.), RDF, Used / spent oil have been identified for co-processing of thirty Sludge, waste oil recycling, Used Resin, different types of wastes. Plastic waste, Pet coke, Oil soaked cotton The permission for Co-processing of from hydro plants & Spent Pot Lining). various wastes in cement kilns are being However, hazardous wastes like Spent Pot

135 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Lining (SPL) and ETP Sludge from textile which pose health and environmental risks to industry have been co-processed in thermal surface & groundwater. An initial list of such power plants as an initiation. contaminated dump sites in the country was Co-Processing of Distillery Spent Wash prepared by the Supreme Court Monitoring in Thermal Power Plant Committee (SCMC)during October 2006 (constituted by the Hon’ble Supreme Court of Feasibility for co-processing of spent India in the matter of Writ Petition (Civil) No. wash from distillery at Raichur Thermal Power 657 of 1995), which reported the presence Station, (KTPS) KPCL is being assessed with of 141 sites. the experts from SINTEF, Norway. Higher The Central Pollution Control Board Chloride & moisture content in spent wash is (CPCB) has further updated the list of such matter of concern. sites as per preliminary information received Co-Processing of Spent Pot Lining in Thermal Power Plants Table-28. Incinerable Hazardous Waste Two trial run studies for co-processing Generation in Southern States of Spent Pot Lining, a waste from aluminium Plant, have been conducted at CPP of M/s State No. of Quantity No. of HINDALCO Ltd. located at Renukoot, UP and Units MT/A cement/ Hirakud, Orissa. TPP/ Steel & Central Pollution Control Board proposed, Iron units co-incineration of concentrated spent wash in cement kiln as it contains significant calorific Andhra 1739 31659 23 Pradesh value (around 4000 kcal). Emission from the Kiln state was Karnataka 1028 5486 15 monitored for various parameters as different Kerala 23 439 5 cement plants monitoring results are depicted in figure 45, 46 and 47. Tamilnadu 276 30735 28 Hazardous Waste Contaminated Sites Goa 56 21625 Nil

The indiscriminate disposal of hazardous Puducherry 86 25 Nil wastes may generate contaminated sites

Fig-45. Nitrogen Oxides Concentration in Kiln Stack

136 Annual Report 2011-2012

Fig-46. Hydrocarbon (HC) Concentration in Kiln Stack 4

Fig-47. Dioxin & Furan Concentration in Kiln Stack

Table-29. Hazardous Waste Contaminated Dump Sites State Contaminated Dump Sites Current Number of Reportedby SCMC Contaminated Dump Sites

Andhra Pradesh 40 - Assam 5 - Delhi - 21 Gujarat 7 2 Karnataka 18 - Kerala 1 4 Madhya Pradesh 4 4 Maharashtra 10 - Orissa 21 21 Punjab 14 5 Rajasthan 1 1 Tamil Nadu 2 2 Uttar Pradesh 10 5 West Bengal 8 8 Total 141 73

137 Ministry of Environment & Forests from State Pollution Control Boards/Pollution 2008). The Plastics finds broad range of Control Committee’s (SPCBs/PCCs). Presently application in films, wrapping materials, there 73 hazardous waste contaminated shopping and garbage bags, fluid containers, dump sites. The list is under constant review clothing, toys, household and industrial and contains preliminary information / data products and building materials. Although, on the nature and extent of contamination, most plastics are recyclable, but recycled which may require further examination. products become more hazardous than virgin Change in number of sites from the original plastic products. The non-biodegradability of SCMC list is due to in-appropriate assessment plastic products and unskilled processing of of wastes and containment/shifting of recycled plastics raises several critical hazardous material to TSDFs by SPCBs. environmental issues. Hazardous waste contaminated dump Plastic waste generated from various sites existing in Kerala and Madhya Pradesh cities and towns becomes part of municipal were jointly visited by a team comprising solid waste (MSW) in case it is not collected officials of Central Pollution Control Board by rag pickers, recyclers etc. It is estimated and NGRI to assess present levels of that approximately 15,342 tonnes/day (TPD) contamination. of plastic waste (per capita basis) is generated in the country. To mitigate plastic waste Plastic Waste Management disposal problems, Central Pollution Control Co-processing of Plastic Wastes in Board in association with Madhya Pradesh Cement Kiln Pollution Control Board has taken initiative to Plastic products have become an integral use plastic waste in Cement plant at ACC, part in our daily life as a basic need. Plastics Kymore, Katni, Madhya Pradesh. The stack are produced on a massive scale worldwide monitoring result revealed that emission values and its global production has crossed 150 are found below the standard set for Common million tonnes per year. In India, Hazardous Waste Incinerators. approximately eight Million tonnes of plastic Bio-Medical Waste Management products are used every year (Estimate Year Status on Bio-medical Waste Management in the country Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is regularly pursuing with the State Pollution Control Boards and Pollution Control Committees to get annual report on bio-medical waste management in the respective State / Union Territories. There has been increase in number of common Bio-medical waste treatment facilities over the years and at present there are 185 Central

Fig-48. Plastic waste Biomedical Waste Treatment

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Table-30. Bio-Medical Waste Management Scenario in the Country No. of healthcare facilities 129511 No. of No. of beds 1368839 No. of Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facilities 185 No. of healthcare facilities (HCFs) using CBWTFs 95410 No. of healthcare facilities applied for authorization 57180 No. of healthcare facilities granted authorization 53813 Quantity of bio-medical waste generated in Tons/day 405.7* Quantity of bio-medical waste treated in Tons /day 292.0 No. of incinerators (excluding CBWTFs) (i) With Air Pollution Control Device 250 (ii) Without Air Pollution Control Device 297 No. of Autoclaves 2569 No. of Microwaves 173 No. of Shredders 4271 Note: * Above details excluding the bio-medical wastes generated from Sikkim SPCB as well as Bio-medical wastes generated (about 9.25 Tons per day) from Armed Forces Health Care Establishments 4 Facilities (CBWTFs) (168 under operation + vide letter No. Nil dated April 13, 2010 17 under construction) to facilitate proper – M/s AGA Process Solutions for treatment and disposal of bio-medical waste “Microwave Disinfection System” in the Country. Submitted vide letter No. Nil dated April The State / Union Territory-wise Health 28, 2010; Care Facilities (HCFs) applied for authorization – “Portable dual Mediburn-Medical Bio- & granted authorization by respective State Waste Incinerator” Submitted vide letter Pollution Control Boards / Pollution Control No. Nil dated May 07, 2010 received Committees is presented in Fig-49. from M/s Henna Marine Engineering DMCC, Vile Parle (E), Mumbai, Evaluation of Proposed State-of-Art Maharashtra Treatment Technologies for Safe The feasibility reports are under evaluation. disposal of Bio-Medical Waste Central Pollution Control Board Organized 10th Expert Committee Meeting on 1st September, 2010 wherein three new State-of-Art Treatment Technologies for safe disposal of Bio Medical Waste were considered: – M/s Trade International for the Technology “PIWS 3000 (Static / Mobile)” Submitted Fig-49. State / UT-wise Health Care Facilities applied for Authorization and Numbers Granted Authorization

139 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Management of E-Waste association with NEERI Nagpur. The dry study has been completed, while in-depth The Central Pollution Control Board has study is in progress. been actively involved in drafting of e-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules and Harmonization of Environmental contributed significantly. The draft rules were Standards for Pesticide Industry notified vide Govt. of India Gazette Effluent and Emission standards for Notification S.O.1125 (E), dated 14th May, pesticide industry were notified notified at Sl. 2010 inviting objections and suggestions No 40, 71 & 101 in Schedule I, the same from all persons likely to be affected. The were reviewed during sixth meeting held on th major highlights of these rules are that the 13 January 2011 of Reconstituted Expert Committee. The Environmental Standards have producers have been given the responsibility been harmonized and recommended to bring for collection of e-Waste generated from the under single Sl. No. 40. end of life of their products, in line with the principle of Extended Producer Responsibility, Implementation of New to ensure that such e-Waste are channelized Environmental Standards and Mass Based Standards for Petroleum Oil to registered dismantlers or recyclers. The Refineries producer will also ensure collection and channelization through their authorized To discuss the issues and compilation on collection agencies status of implementation of revised effluent and emission standards for oil refineries Development of Environmental notified under the Environment (Protection) Standards Act, 1986. An Interaction meeting with Effluent Standards for Soda Ash representatives of various Oil Refineries was held on 22nd January, 2011 at Central Industry Pollution Control Board, Delhi The studies were conducted at four Environmental Standards for Iron Ore locations viz. Mithapur, Porbandar, Sutrapada Mining & Ore Processing and Bhavnagar where various soda ash manufacturing units viz. Tata Chemicals Ltd, Emission and effluent standards for Iron Ore Mining and ore processing has been Saurashtra Chemicals Ltd, Gujarat Heavy notified on 04th October, 2010. Chemical Ltd and Nirma Ltd, respectively release their effluents. The study was Environmental Standards for Sintering undertaken in association with National Plant in Steel Industry Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Goa .The The project has been initiated with revised effluent standard are under objective to assess cleaner technologies for notification. sintering plant of Steel Plants for better environment management improving Review of Emission Standards and production and energy efficiency. The project Preparation of Comprehensive also aims at developing of new PM emissions Industry Document (COINDS) on standards for sintering plants to replace old Manmade Fibre Industry standards of 150 mg/Nm3. The objectives of study include review of Harmonization of SO2 Emission existing effluent standards for Rayon and Standards from Sulphuric Acid Plant Nylon Industry. The study was initiated in of Smelter and Fertilizer Plant

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The emission standard for Sulphur Dioxide Revision of Emission norms for Diesel Engine Genset and Genset driven by (SO2) in Sulphuric Acid plant of Smelter has been harmonized with that of Fertilizer plant. Petrol and Kerosene The amended standards have been notified. In the 12th meeting of the “Standing Environmental Standards for Rubber Committee on Emission from RIC engine for Processing and Rubber Products off-road applications” the emission norms for Industry diesel kerosene & Petrol operated gensets were taken up for review. The draft notification The studies for development of shall be notified. Environmental Standards for Rubber Industry have been undertaken by Central Pollution Generator Set Type Approval and COP Control Board based on the study the certificate for Noise Compliance environmental standards for Rubber It is mandatory for gensets manufacturers Processing and Rubber Products Industry has to obtain NOC for Type approval and Noise been notified under the Environment compliance for which the procedure has (Protection) Rules, 1986 been simplified and streamlined. Development of Environmental ARAI, NSTL, FCRI, NAL, ICAT, National 4 Standards and Guidelines for Glue & Test House have been identified by CPCB as Gelatin Industry certifying agencies for monitoring and issuance of Type Approval and COP certificate The study for Development of for Noise Compliance and ARAI, VRDE, ICAT Environmental Standards and Guidelines for for emission compliance. To reduce the Glue & Gelatin Industries has been completed workload of the certification agencies and based on the findings the environmental time, it was decided to increase the number standards for Glue & Gelatin Industry is of Certificate Agencies and accordingly, being undertaken. ICAT and National Test House (Ghaziabad) Environmental Standards and Good have been added to the list of Certification Practice for Automobile Service Agencies for Noise Compliance. Stations, Bus Depots and Workshops Mass Awareness The study for Development of Paryavaran Darshan Pogramme on Environmental Standards and Good Practice DD National for Automobile Service Stations, Bus Depots Central Pollution Control Board launched and Workshops has been completed and a weekly TV program ‘Paryavaran Darshan’ final report submitted based on the report on 5th June 2010 on the occasion of World the environmental standards are under Environment Day. The program is being finalization telecast by national broadcasting agency Development of Environmental viz. Doordarshan through DD National (total Standards & guidelines for Plywood 19 channels) and 18 regional centres. The Industries Regional Kendra broadcast shall be in the local language and cover region specific CPCB has undertaken the study for environmental issues with co-operation from Development of Environmental Standards & the State Pollution Control Board. The twelve guidelines for Plywood Industries. Monitoring languages for telecasting include Hindi, in all Zones of the country has been completed Gujrati, , Assamese, Kashmiri, and interim report is under finalisation. Bengali, Oriya, Marathi, Kannada, Tamil,

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Table -31. ‘Paryvaran Darshan’ Programme – Amended notification S.O. 979 (E) on DD National of 27th August 2003. – Amended notification S.O. 2804 S. DD Regional Language (E) of 3rd November 2009. No Kendra The objectives of these notifications are 1 DD National Hindi to protect environment, conserve the top soil, 2 Ahmadabad (Gujarat) Gujarati prevent dumping of fly ash from Thermal 3 Thiruvananthapuram(Kerala) Malayalam Power Stations on land and to promote 4 Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) Hindi utilization of ash in the manufacture of 5 Shimla (Himachal Pradesh) Hindi building materials and construction activity. 6 Guwhati (Assam) Assamese The implementation of these Notifications has 7 Srinagar (J & K) Kashmiri resulted in steady increase in the utilization 8 Jaipur (Rajasthan) Hindi of fly ash. The 2nd Meeting of the of the 9 Kolkata (West Bengal) Bengali Monitoring Committee, constituted in 10 Bhubaneswar(Orissa) Oriya pursuance of the provisions contained Fly ash 11 Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) Hindi Utilisation Notification, was held on 20th 12 Patna (Bihar) Hindi December, 2011. 13 Mumbai (Maharashtra) Marathi Environmental Health 14 Bangalore (Karnataka) Kannada The Ministry had initiated environmental 15 Chennai(Tamil Nadu) Tamil epidemiological studies in different areas of 16 Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh) Telugu indoor and outdoor pollution so as to identify 17 Jalandhar (Punjab) Punjabi and develop programmes to create data 18 Ranchi (Jharkhand) Hindi base and suggest environmental mitigation 19 Raipur (Chhattisgarh) Hindi measures. Continued research in health effects of ambient air pollution is necessary to Telugu, and Punjabi. CPCB for the first time evaluate changing trends and to suggest has involved TV as a medium for spreading corrective measures. mass awareness on environmental issues. Fly Ash Utilization Development and Promotion of Clean Technology Introduction Introduction and objectives Fly ash is the finely divided mineral residue resulting from the combustion of Clean Technologies, as distinct from ground powdered coal in electric generating “end-of-pipe” abatement technologies plant. Fly ash consists of inorganic matter minimize the generation of waste streams in present in the coal that has been fused during the production processes and utilize waste coal combustion. The fast increasing demand from other consumption goods and production of power coupled with its dependence on processes, rather than treating the waste coal for at least 2/3rd of its energy after generation. A grant-in-aid Scheme on requirement is generating large volume of fly Development and Promotion of Clean ash. The Ministry of Environment and Forests Technologies was initiated in 1994 with the has issued notification and its amendments following objectives:- under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 – Development & Promotion of Cleaner for fly ash utilization. These are as follows: Technologies – Fly Ash utilization Notification S.O. – Development of Tools and Techniques for 763(E) of 14th September 1999. Pollution Prevention

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– Formulation of Sustainable Development Ongoing Projects: Under the grant-in-aid Strategies scheme eleven projects were continued during Activities undertaken and completed the period. These are: – Effective removal of arsenic from ground Since the inception of the scheme in water at by CSMRI, Gujarat. 1994, important activities undertaken include; – Implementation of LPS Technology by – Demonstration projects M/s ABC Paper, Punjab. – Life Cycle Assessment – Development of Fly Ash Based Geo- – Carrying Capacity Studies polymer Concrete Pre-cast Elements by – Creation of data base for Clean Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu. Technologies – Life Cycle Assessment of Wood and – Training programmes for Adoption Bamboo Composite Products by IPIRTI, of Clean Technologies etc. Bangalore. Progress made during the year – Capacity Building of Environmental Under the scheme progress made are as Officers on Cleaner Production/ follows: Technology by FICCI, New Delhi. 4 – Progress Review Committee meetings – Life Cycle Assessment for construction were organized at the site to monitor the Industry – concrete by NCCBM, Haryana progress of the projects. – Performance Evaluation the – It has been decided by the Ministry to Biodegradation of Absorbable Organic merge the two schemes on “Development Halides (AOX) from Pulp and Paper & Promotion of Clean Technology and Mills by AMU, Aligarh. Industrial Pollution Abatement through – Environment Friendlier Technology in Preventive Strategies (Waste Glass Industry by Winrock International. Minimisation). – Clean Technology for the recovery of – EFC & Guidelines of the merged scheme Gold, Silver and other allied materials “Development & Promotion of Clean from E-waste by Mysore University. Technology and Waste Minimisation Strategies has been finalized. – Demonstration of Clean Technology for – A meeting of a group of officers for landfill gas recovery by TERI, New Evaluation of projects was held on 20th Delhi. January, 2012 where the following – Creation of Data Base and Evolving a projects were cleared for financial Mechanism for Capacity Building in the assistance: financial sector and application of fiscal – Demonstration Project of PLASMA instrument for clean technology projects, Technology for Waste Destruction CPCB, Delhi. by M/s Jyoti OM Chemical Research – Life Cycle Assessment Life Cycle Centre Pvt. Ltd., Ankleshwar. Assessment Studies in Thermal Power – Development and Demonstration of Plants, Steel, Pulp and Paper and Cement Nano-sized TiO2- based Photo (from cradle to gate) has been completed. catalytic Oxidation Technology for Second phase of the project i.e. gate to controlling VOCs at Source by IIT, grave is continuing during the current Kanpur. financial year.

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– Carrying Capacity Studies: Carrying advantages and disadvantages of options capacity studies of Greater Kochi Region, for managing paint waste, to develop , Damodar River Basin, Tapi and demonstrate environmentally sound Estuary and National Capital Region technology for re-processing/recovering/ (NCR), Natural Resource Accounting recycling of Paint Sludge from automobile Studies for Upper Yamuna Basin; has sector. A pilot recycling facility was set been completed. up for assessing technical and economic feasibility of converting paint sludge to – Creation of data base for Clean recycled primer. The paint sludge samples Technologies: Data Base on the were collected from different large-scale available cleaner technologies in the automobile units to undertake research country as well as in abroad, Evolving and development work so as to meet their a Networking Mechanism of the Research quality criteria. Finally the paint sludge Institutions of the country, Capacity was converted in to a Recycled Primer. Building in the financial sector and The developed product has been given application of fiscal instruments for to industries for undertaking quality tests adoption of clean technologies by the on their own and the same was found to Small Scale Industries are in progress. be in line with their requirements. Brief summary of these completed The current paint sludge regeneration project are technology under review is aimed at serving – Defluridation of water using natural dual purpose of efficient resource utilization materials for better drinking water supply and environmental management. The in rural regions by JNU, New Delhi. various themes which have been addressed through the current technology are – resource Present study is based at finding low conservation, waste minimization, cost, environment friendly method for promotion of cleaner production removal of fluoride. The column study technologies and environmental protection reveals that use of the amount of materials other benefits derived from the adoption of according to fluoride removal capacity regeneration technology are reduction of seems to be very effective. Landfill Space, Conserving Natural A pilot plant has been set-up at Resources, Benefits to Waste Generators Samalpathi Village, Tamil Nadu. The using Regenerated Paint Sludge etc. water supplied by the water works deptt. Industrial Pollution Abatement contain fluoride in excess of WHO limit through Preventive Strategies (Waste of 1ppm. This technology was used for Minimisation for Small & Medium removal of fluoride from the drinking Industries) water proved to be highly effect. The level of original fluoride content was Introduction and objectives found to be as 3.5 ppm. This has been Main objective of the waste minimization reduced to 0.9 ppm when passed through schemes is to optimize the consumption of the column which was packed with the raw materials and also reduce waste natural material. generation by adopting production techniques – Demonstration of environmentally sound which are cleaner in nature and can be technology for regenerating/recovery/ adopted by the existing units without recycling of paint sludge by NPC, New necessarily changing the production processes Delhi. or unit operations. The detailed objectives of Main objective of the study is to compare the scheme are following:

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– To assist the primary small scale units Minimisation Strategies has been and some medium scale units who donot finalized. have access to the requisite technical – A meeting of a group of officers for expertise to achieve waste minimization Evaluation of projects was held on but exclude procurement of equipment 20th January, 2012 where the and hardware. following projects were cleared for – Establishing and running Waste financial assistance: Minimization Circles (WMCs) in clusters – Synthesis of Polymer Nano of Small & Medium Industries. Hydrogel and Development of – Capacity building in the area of Waste Hybrid Waste Water Treatment Minimization/Cleaner Production. System Using Cavitation – Waste Minimization demonstration Technique and Hydrogel by studies in selected industrial sectors. Department of Advance – Preparation of sector specific manuals Technology, University Pune, on waste reduction, reuse and recycling. Pune. – Awareness programs and preparation – Development of Reactive of compendium of success stories on Thermal Plasma Reactor to cleaner production/waste minimization. Synthesise SiALON and Silicon 4 Nitride Based Ceramics from Fly Activities undertaken and completed Ash by Department of (a) Demonstration projects (b) Manufacturing Engineering, Establishment of Waste Minimization Circles, Annamalai University, T.N. (c) Training programmes (d) Organization of Ongoing Projects: Under the grant-in-aid workshops/seminars (e) Publications of scheme, nine projects continued during the Newsletters (f) Developing Awareness period. These projects are as under: Material on Waste Minimization. – Waste Minimization in small scale Progress made during the year Industries by NPC, New Delhi. – Under the scheme on Abatement through – Clean Technology for waste Preventive Strategies (Waste Minimisation) Minimization from Nutraceutical the progress made during the financial Industry, Mysore University, Mysore. year 2011-12 are as follows: – Minimization of Environmental Impacts of Slaughter House Wastes – Progress Review Committee meetings by AMU, Aligarh. were organized at the site to monitor – Biological Liquefaction of Waste the progress of the projects. Fleshing and Treatment with Tannery – It has been decided by the Ministry Effluent for Biogas Generation in at the high level meeting to merge Single Reactor by CLRI, Chennai. the two schemes on “Development – Waste Minimisation Studies in & Promotion of Clean Technology Electroplating Operation by M/s and Industrial Pollution Abatement APITCO, Hyderabad. through Preventive Strategies (Waste – Evaluation of Refuse Derived Fuel Minimisation). from Waste Plastics as Engine Fuel – EFC & Guidelines of the merged Substitute by Annamalai University. scheme “Development & Promotion – Production of bioelectricity from of Clean Technology and Waste sludge and domestic wastewater

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using microbial fuel cell University Industrial area, Hyderabad by EPTRI, of Calcutta, Kolkata. Hyderabad. – Waste Minimisation through co- Electroplating is one of the several composting by Annamalai techniques of metal finishing with largest University. users of many toxics chemicals in the country. – Waste Minimisation in Moradabad This is the second largest end user of nickel Brassware Cluster by TERI, New and nickel compounds and end user of Delhi. cadmium and cadmium compounds. – Establishment of Waste Minimisation Circles (WMC): Electroplating is achieved by passing an electric current through a solution containing A total of 157 Waste Minimisation dissolved metal ions and the metal object to Circles in 41 sectors has been established be plated. The metal object serves as the through out the country till date. During cathode in an electrochemical cell, attracting the IIIrd phase of the project, 24 WMC, ions from the solution. Ferrous and non- has been established in the important ferrous metal objects are plated with a clusters. variety of metals including aluminum, brass, – Organisation of workshops/ bronze, cadmium, copper, chromium, gold, seminars: The National Productivity iron, lead, nickel, platinum, silver, tin, and Council has organized four regional zinc. The process is regulated by controlling workshops at Chennai, Ahmadabad, a variety of parameters including voltage Hyderabad, Kolkata and Bangalore and amperage, temperature, residence times, during the current financial year and and purity of bath solutions. Plating baths are four local levels at Indore, Devaas, almost always aqueous solutions, therefore, Nagpur and Khurja. only those metals that can be reduced in aqueous solutions of their salts can be Achievements made during the year electrodeposited. The only major exception – Under the grant-in-aid scheme to this principle is aluminum, which can be two projects has been completed plated from organic electrolytes. on “Abatement of Pollution The proposed study has made some through Preventive Strategies very useful recommendations which can lead (Waste Minimisation)”. to waste minimisation through recovery of – Waste Minimisation studies in metals, waste consumptions and energy Electroplating Industries in savings etc. in the electroplating sector. Balanagar Industrial area, Hyderabad by EPTRI, Hyderabad. Enhancing the Environmental – Enhancing the Environmental Performance and Competitiveness of Performance and Competitiveness the Vegetable Oil Industry by Winrock of Vegetable Oil Industry in Andhra International. Pradesh Winrock International India, Edible oil industry generates large Gurgaon. quantities of wastewater. The wastewater of cotton seed edible oil mills can be categorized Brief summary of the completed into process wastewater and non-process projects wastewater. Process wastewater contributes to Waste Minimisation Studies in most of the pollution load in the effluent being Electroplating Industries in Balanagar drained by the industry; while non-process

146 Annual Report 2011-2012 wastewater constitutes the major portion of – The Basel Convention on the Control of total wastewater quantity. The process effluent Trans-boundary Movements of is high in BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, oil, phosphate, Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal. sulfate and chloride. Concentration of these – Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed pollutants in the process effluent is much Consent Procedure for certain Hazardous higher than allowable limits. These pollutants Chemicals in International Trade. need to be removed from the effluent to – Stockholm Convention on Persistent prevent the damage being done to the Organic Pollutants (POPs). environment. Apart from liquid waste, solid – Strategic Approach to International waste and air emissions are also generated. Chemicals Management (SAICM). Solid waste generation is mainly in the form Activities undertaken so far of spent earth, filter-cloth, and spent catalyst. Spent earth and spent catalyst are in slurry Hazardous Waste Management form and are combined together to extract Strategy what is known as “Carbon Oil” before their – A National Strategy on Hazardous Wastes final disposal. After carbon oil extraction, the Management has been formulated to left over slurry is sold to contractors. Due to facilitate effective management of these problems and continuous pressure from hazardous wastes, so as to avoid 4 regulators and local government to improve environmental pollution and adverse health the environmental situation, many units have effects due to their improper handling & been forced to close down their operations. disposal. This strategy prescribe As a result, the sustainability of the industry approaches and action points for regulatory has been at stake. bodies, generators of hazardous waste, Hazardous Substances Management recyclers and operators of facilities in (HSM) order to minimize, recycle, treat and dispose of left over hazardous waste in an Brief Introduction and Objectives environmentally sound manner. Planning and overseeing the – This national strategy will facilitate implementation of policies and programs on implementation of the action plan brought management of chemical emergencies and out in National Environment Policy, 2006 hazardous substances is the task assigned to in respect of management of hazardous the Hazardous Substances Management waste and fulfill obligations under the Division (HSMD). The mandate is to promote Basel Convention on the Control of safe handling, management and use of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous hazardous substances which includes Wastes and their Disposal including their hazardous chemicals, hazardous and other minimization, environmentally sound wastes. The Scheme has the following main management and active promotion of objectives: cleaner technologies. – Creation of Hazardous Substances National Inventory of Hazardous Management Structure in the States. Wastes – Chemical Safety - management of – As per information of Central Pollution chemical accidents. Control Board (CPCB), there are about – Proper handling and disposal of wastes. 40,000 industries in the country The following four International Conventions generating about 7.66 million Metric are also handled in HSM Division: Ton (MT) of hazardous waste every year, of which landfillable waste is 3.39

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million MT (44.26%), incinerable 0.65 total cost of Rs. 5.04 crores. The first million MT (8.50%) and Recyclable instalment of Rs. 2.00 crores has been Hazardous Waste is 3.61 million MT released to CPCB for carrying out trial (47.13%). runs for eight categories of hazardous – The Ministry has sponsored a project on wastes in four plants each of cement, GIS based National Hazardous Waste thermal power plants, iron and steel Information System. It is an online web industries during the year 2010-11. based system, which can give the status E-waste Management of hazardous waste management in the – According to CPCB, the e-waste inventory country. The database is required to be in India for the year 2005 has been regularly updated by all State Pollution estimated to be 1.46 lakh tonnes, which Control Boards on web to ensure updated is expected to exceed 8.0 lakh tonnes status at all times. by 2012. About sixty five cities in India Treatment, Storage and Disposal generate more than 60% of the total e- Facilities (TSDFs) waste generated in India. Ten states – At present, Common Treatment, Storage generate 70% of the total e-waste and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) have been generated in India. Maharashtra ranks developed for the disposal of land first followed by Tamil Nadu, Andhra disposable Hazardous Waste (HW) at Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, 29 different places in 16 States namely, Delhi, Karnataka, Gujarat, Madhya Andhra Pradesh (2), Daman, Diu, Dadra Pradesh and Punjab in the list of e-waste & Nagar Havel (1), Gujarat (8), Haryana generating states in India. Among top (1), Himachal Pradesh (1), Karnataka ten cities generating e-waste, Mumbai (1), Kerala (1), Madhya Pradesh (1), ranks first followed by Delhi, Bangalore, Maharashtra (4), Orissa (1), Punjab (1), Chennai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Rajasthan (1), Tamil Nadu (1), Uttar Hyderabad, Pune, Surat and Nagpur. Pradesh (3), Uttarakhand (1) and West – The Ministry has notified E-Waste Bengal (1). Total waste handling capacities (Management and Handling) Rules, (disposal capacity) of these facilities is 2011 on 12th May 2011. These Rules 34.21 million MT. Out of these, 14 will be applicable to e-waste generated facilities in eight states have incinerators from IT and telecommunication equipment with incineration capacity of 0.2 million and Consumer electrical and electronics MT per annum (28.05MT/hr). Six TSDFs i.e. Television sets (including LCD & are under construction. During the year, LED), Refrigerators, Washing Machines financial assistance of Rs. 1.20 crore has and Air-conditioners. These Rules been provided for setting up of TSDF at empower the concerned State agencies Pithampur (Madhya Pradesh). to control, supervise and regulate relevant Co- incineration of High Calorific Value activities connected with e-waste Hazardous Wastes management such as collection, segregation, dismantling and recycling. – To promote co-processing/co-incineration of hazardous wastes, the Ministry has – The concept of Extended Producer approved a project on ‘Trail runs for Co- Responsibility (EPR) has been enshrined processing of Hazardous Wastes and in these Rules. Accordingly, Producers other wastes in Cement Plants, Power are required to set up collection systems Plants, Iron and Steel industries’ for a and meet the costs involved in the environmentally sound management of

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e-waste generated from the ‘end of life’ of Web based Emergency Planning and of their own products. Besides, threshold Response System for the selected districts limits, which are accepted globally, have of Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, been prescribed for six hazardous Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand and substances used in manufacture of Uttar Pradesh States. electrical and electronics components. The Ministry has developed the National Producers are expected to achieve Implementation Plan (NIP) under the reduction in use of the hazardous Stockholm Convention on Persistent substance (RoHS) to the prescribed limit Organic Pollutants. within a period of two years from the Plastic Waste (Management and date of commencement of these rules. Handling) Rules, 2011 These rules will be the main instrument – New Plastic Waste (Management and to ensure environmentally sound Handling) Rules, 2011 have been notified management of e-waste. These Rules to replace the earlier Recycled Plastics shall come in to force from 1st May Manufacture and Usage Rules, 1999, 2012. under the Environment (Protection) Act, Chemical Safety 1986. As per the new Rules, plastic 4 – The Manufacture, Storage and Import of carry bags shall not be less than 40 Hazardous Chemical (MSIHC) Rules, microns in thickness. Under the earlier 1989 and the Chemical Accident Rules, the minimum thickness for plastic (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and carry bags was 20 microns. Plastic Response) Rules, 1996 are the main carry bags shall either be in natural shade (colourless) or with colour in instruments for ensuring chemical safety conformity with Bureau of Indian in the country. There are 1905 Major Standards (BIS) specifications. Plastic Accident Hazard (MAH) units in the material, in any form cannot be used for Country, located in 304 districts. packing gutkha, pan masala and tobacco – A sub-scheme entitled “Industrial Pocket- in all forms. wise Hazard Analysis” has been in In the new Rules, certain new features operation since the Eighth Five Year have been introduced. No carry bags Plan. During 2010-2011, the Ministry shall be made available free of cost to has initiated preparation of Hazard consumers by retailers. The municipal Analysis and Off-site Emergency Plan for authority may determine the minimum 46 districts. For ensuring chemical safety, price for plastic carry bags in order to following documents have been encourage their re-use so as to minimize published and circulated: plastic waste generation. Municipal – Guidelines for Off-site Emergency Authority shall be responsible for setting Plan preparation up, operationalisation and coordination – National Chemical Accident of the waste management system and Database for ensuring safe collection, storage, segregation, transportation, processing – National Profile on Major Accident and disposal of plastic waste. For this, Hazard Installations the municipal authority may seek the – Handbook titled Do’s and Don’ts of assistance of manufacturers of plastic Highly Toxic and Flammable carry bags, multilayered plastic pouches Chemicals or sachets or of brand owners using such The Ministry has initiated the development products.

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Bio-Medical Waste Management – Financial assistance has been provided – As per the Annual Reports submitted by the to various organizations for conducting State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) and awareness and training programmes on Pollution Control Committees (PCCs) of Bio-Medical Waste Management. Union Territories for the year 2010, there Remediation of Contaminated are 188 Common Bio-Medical Waste Hazardous Waste Dump Sites Treatment and Disposal Facilities (CBMWTDFs) in operation and 17 – A project with the assistance of World CBMWTDFs under installation. Besides, Bank is being implemented by the Ministry there are 688 incinerators, 2710 of Environment and Forests to remediate autoclaves, 179 microwaves, 13 ten highly polluted sites, two in Andhra hydroclaves and 4250 shredders as captive Pradesh and eight in West Bengal on treatment equipments being operated by pilot basis. This project will also develop the individual health care facilities. a National Programme for rehabilitation – The Ministry has notified the draft Bio- of polluted sites and build human and Medical Waste (Management & technical capacity in selected Pollution Handling) Rules, 2011 on 24th August, Control Boards for undertaking 2011 to replace the earlier Bio-Medical environmentally sound remediation of waste (Management & Handling) Rules, polluted sites. The total cost of the project 1998 and the amendments made is USD 75.39 million (Rs. 339.26 crores thereon. It is proposed in the new Rules approx.) for a period of five years. interalia to cover all the health care – This Ministry has simultaneously initiated establishments, including all veterinary a project for ‘Remediation of contaminated institutions generating bio-medical waste, Hazardous Waste Dump Sites’ under the irrespective of the number of patients National Clean Energy Fund. Twelve serviced per month for obtaining contaminated areas have been identified authorization from the Prescribed as priority sites in the country. This will Authority. Presently, only those HCEs supplement the work being taken under which provide health care service for the World Bank project. 1000 patients or more per month are required to obtain authorization from the Central Sector Scheme for setting up Prescribed Authority, i.e., the State of Common Treatment and Disposal Pollution Control Board. Various Facilities for Hazardous, Bio-medical suggestions/objections on the draft Rules and E-wastes have been received. – The Ministry has revamped the Central – The Ministry is implementing a UNDP- Sector Scheme to encourage setting up GEF project on ‘Demonstrating and of common treatment and disposal Promoting Best Techniques and Practices facilities for hazardous wastes and bio- for Reducing Health-care Waste to Avoid medical wastes. The central government Environmental Releases of Dioxins and assistance has been increased from 10 Mercury’, with the aim to protect human % to 25 % of total project cost. In the health and environment from the impacts case of NE States, 50 % of the total cost of dioxins and mercury releases. The of the project is given as central project aims to demonstrate best practices government assistance. The central and techniques for healthcare waste government assistance is subject to the management in the states of Tamil Nadu availability of matching grant from the and Uttar Pradesh. State government. The revised scheme

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also covers Integrated E-Waste Recycling, under the Environment (Protection) Act, Treatment and Disposal facilities. 1986. As per the new Rules, plastic E-Waste (Management and Handling) carry bags shall not be less than 40 Rules, 2011 microns in thickness. Under the earlier Rules, the minimum thickness for plastic – The Ministry has notified E-Waste carry bags was 20 microns. Plastic (Management and Handling) Rules, carry bags shall either be in natural th 2011 on 12 May 2011. These Rules shade (colourless) or with colour in will be applicable to e-waste generated conformity with Bureau of Indian from IT and telecommunication equipment Standards (BIS) specifications. Plastic and Consumer electrical and electronics material, in any form can not be used i.e. Television sets (including LCD & for packing gutkha, pan masala and LED), Refrigerators, Washing Machines tobacco in all forms. and Air-conditioners. These Rules empower the concerned State agencies – In the new Rules, certain new features to control, supervise and regulate relevant have been introduced. No carry bags activities connected with e-waste shall be made available free of cost to management such as collection, consumers by retailers. The municipal authority may determine the minimum 4 segregation, dismantling and recycling. – The concept of Extended Producer price for plastic carry bags in order to Responsibility (EPR) has been enshrined encourage their re-use so as to minimize in these Rules. Accordingly, Producers plastic waste generation. Municipal are required to set up collection systems Authority shall be responsible for setting and meet the costs involved in the up, operationalization and coordination environmentally sound management of e- of the waste management system and waste generated from the ‘end of life’ of for ensuring safe collection, storage, their own products. Besides, threshold segregation, transportation, processing limits, which are accepted globally, have and disposal of plastic waste. For this, been prescribed for six hazardous the municipal authority may seek the substances used in manufacture of assistance of manufacturers of plastic electrical and electronics components. carry bags, multilayered plastic pouches Producers are expected to achieve or sachets or of brand owners using such reduction in use of the hazardous products. substance (RoHS) to the prescribed limit within a period of two years from the date Draft Bio-Medical Waste (Management of commencement of these rules. These & Handling) Rules, 2011 rules will be the main instrument to ensure – The Ministry has notified the draft Bio- environmentally sound management of e- Medical Waste (Management & waste. These Rules shall come in to force th st Handling) Rules, 2011 on 24 August, from 1 May 2012. 2011 to replace the earlier Bio-Medical waste (Management & Handling) Rules, Plastic Waste (Management and 1998 and its amendments made thereon. Handling) Rules, 2011 The draft Rules have been published for – New Plastic Waste (Management and public comments/suggestions. Various Handling) Rules, 2011 have been notified suggestions/objections on the draft Rules to replace the earlier Recycled Plastics have been received. The major changes Manufacture and Usage Rules, 1999, proposed in the draft Rules are:

151 Ministry of Environment & Forests i. Simplification of color coding for i. These rules shall apply to hazardous segregation of waste at the source of substances, hazardous chemicals and generation of bio-medical waste. dangerous goods as specified in the list ii. Mandatory for obtaining of authorization of chemicals. by all the Health Care Facilities (HCFs) ii. The responsibilities of occupier and irrespective of generation of bio-medical consigner have been prescribed. They waste as well as number of patients are required to assign hazard classes, treated per month. use proper shipping name, suitable iii Constitution of district level committee packaging, requisite label, marking and for monitoring implementation of various use of updated Safety Data Sheet for provisions of these rules. transportation. The Rules mandate training iv. Precautionary principles including safety of persons engaged in handling, storage of the workers handling bio-medical waste. and transport of dangerous goods. v. Various authorities have been identified iii. Various classes of hazardous substances with their roles and responsibilities. The have been specified viz. explosives, Proposed draft Rules have stipulated gases, flammable liquids, flammable duties for concerned Ministries/ solids, oxidizing substances, toxic and Departments, viz., Central and State infectious substances, radioactive Ministries of Environment and Forests, materials, corrosive substances and Central and State Ministries of Health miscellaneous dangerous substances. and Family Welfare, Central and State iv. The assignment of United Nations number Departments of Veterinary and Animal and proper shipping names has been Husbandry; Ministry of Defence; Central prescribed as per its hazard classification Pollution Control Board, State and composition. Packaging provisions Government or Union Territory have been assigned for handling of Government or Administration; State hazardous substances. Labelling Pollution Control Boards or Pollution provisions, viz., trade name, substance Control Committees and Local Bodies name, Chemical Abstract Number, gross such as Gram Panchayat, Municipalities weight, name and address of or Corporations. manufacturer, importer, supplier, Draft Hazardous Substances emergency contact number, hazard class, (Classification, Packaging and packing group, play card, etc have Labelling) Rules, 2011 been provided. – The Ministry of Environment and Forests The draft Rules will be finalized based has notified the draft Hazardous on the comments to the draft Rules. Substances (Classification, Packaging Budget allocation of the scheme and Labelling) Rules, 2011 for proper during the year and Progress of classification, packaging and labelling Expenditure of hazardous substances. The draft Rules have been published for public An amount of Rs.7.5 crores was allocated comments. The salient features of the for the year 2011-12 and 100% expenditure draft Rules include the following: is expected to be achieved by March 2012.

152

Ministry of Environment & Forests

National River Conservation capture the raw sewage flowing into the Directorate river through open drains and divert The National River Conservation them for treatment. Directorate (NRCD), functioning under the – Setting up Sewage Treatment Plants for Ministry of Environment and Forests is treating the diverted sewage. engaged in implementing the River and Lake – Construction of Low Cost Sanitation toilets Action Plans under the National River to prevent open defecation on river Conservation Plan (NRCP) and National banks. Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP) by providing – Construction of Electric crematoria and financial assistance to the State Governments. Improved Wood Crematoria to conserve National River Conservation Plan the use of wood. Introduction – River Front Development works such as improvement of bathing ghats. The objective of National River – Afforestation on the river banks, Public Conservation Plan (NRCP) is to improve the Participation & Awareness etc. water quality of the rivers, which are the major water sources in the country, through Recent Initiatives in River Conservation the implementation of pollution abatement Mission works, to the level of designated best use. So National Ganga River Basin Authority far a total of 39 rivers have been covered under the programme. The rivers are: National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) was constituted on 20th February, The pollution abatement works taken up 2009, under the chairmanship of the Prime so far under the NRCP include: Minister as an empowered planning, – Interception and diversion works to financing, monitoring and coordinating

S. River S. River S. River S. River No. No. No. No.

1 Adyar 11 Dhipu & Dhansiri 21 Mahananda 31 Tapti

2 Beas 12 Ganga 22 Musi 32 Tapi

3 Betwa 13 Godavari 23 Narmada 33 Tunga

4 Beehar 14 Gomati 24 Pennar 34 Tungabadra

5. Bhadra 15 Khan 25 Pamba 35 Tamrabarani

6 Brahmani 16 Krishna 26 Panchganga 36 Vaigai

7 Cauvery 17 Kshipra 27 Rani Chu 37 Vennar

8 Cooum 18 Mahanadi 28 Sabarmati 38 Wainganga

9 Chambal 19 Mandovi 29 Satluj 39 Yamuna

10 Damodar 20 Mandakini 30 Subarnarekha

154 Annual Report 2011-2012 authority for the Ganga River, in exercise of the powers conferred under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. In its first meeting on 5th October, 2009, the Authority decided that under Mission Clean Ganga it will be ensured that by 2020 no untreated municipal sewage and industrial effluents flow into Ganga and the investments required to create the necessary treatment and sewerage infrastructure will Fig-50. Phawngpui Mountain – the highest peak in Mizoram be shared suitably between the Centre and investments under NGRBA. The 5 the State Governments. consortium has submitted first set of five An Action Plan was approved by the reports. They are preparing second set NGRBA in its first meeting, to achieve the of 17 reports under the Ganga River aforesaid Mission objective. Implementation Basin Management Plan. of this Action Plan was reviewed in the 2nd – Revision of Guidelines for Meeting of the NGRBA on 1st November, preparation of DPRs: The guidelines 2010. prepared in the year 2002 for Detailed Project Report (DPR) preparation have The following steps have been taken by been revised with the help of IIT Roorkee. the Ministry of Environment & Forests to As per new guidelines whole river basin implement the Action Plan: will be considered for funding for river – Preparation of Basin Management conservation schemes. Preparation of Plan: A comprehensive River Basin City Sanitation Plan is required. On that Management Plan for Ganga is being basis schemes will be selected and prepared. This work has been entrusted prioritized for abatement of pollution. to a consortium of seven IITs (Kanpur, Prefeasibility report will also be prepared Delhi, Madras, Bombay, Kharagpur, before preparing DPR. Operation and Guwahati and Roorkee). In this regard, Maintenance (O&M) plan for first five a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) years will be inbuilt in the DPR whereas th has been signed on 6 July, 2010 by the for next 10 years O&M plan based on MoEF & the IITs. recovery will be included. Stake holder The Plan is being prepared with the consultation at project formulation stage, objective of taking comprehensive holistic approach and provision of measures for restoration of the integrated sewer network up to the wholesomeness of the Ganga system house property line, in place of drain and improvement of its ecological health. interception and diversion to ensure The Plan will be the basis for specific 100% sewage collection, signing of projects to be undertaken, policy tripartite MoA among Government of interventions required and non-project India, State Government and Urban

155 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Local Bodies to bind them for release of Committee: A Standing Committee funds, timely completion of projects, of NGRBA has been constituted with ensure house connection and O&M of Union Finance Minister as chairman assets, appraisal of projects proposals to function on behalf of the Authority, by independent institutions/experts to take necessary decisions and enhance quality of DPR and cost periodically review and assess optimization are some of the new implementation of Authority’s work additions in the guidelines. programme and prescribe measures – Initial portfolio of projects: In order to achieve its objectives. An to bridge the critical deficit in sewage Empowered Steering Committee infrastructure and treatment capacity, (ESC) has been constituted for and other related activities for river appraisal and sanction of project conservation in towns along the river proposals on a Fast Track Mode. Ganga the first phase of projects worth ● State River Conservation Rs.2696 crores has been approved for Authorities: To facilitate better development of sewer networks, sewage coordination and implementation of treatment plants and sewage pumping the conservation activities at the State stations, electric crematoria, community level, Empowered State River toilets, development of river fronts, etc. Conservation Authorities (SRCAs) These projects are currently under have been notified under Environment implementation by the states. (Protection) Act, 1986 for all the five – Funding of NGRBA projects: The Ganga States. existing NRCP funding pattern i.e. 70:30 ● National Mission for Clean between the Centre and States is being Ganga: National Mission for Clean followed for NGRBA projects. Planning Ganga (NMCG), a registered society Commission has agreed to the proposal has been setup at the central level to that the O&M costs of the assets created plan and implement the NGRBA under NGRBA will be shared by the programme in coordination with the Central and State Governments on 70:30 State Agencies concerned. The basis for three years. It was decided in NMCG is headed by a Mission the second meeting of NGRBA that Director. O&M costs of assets created under ● Dedicated implementation NGRBA will be shared between Centre institutions in States: States have and the States for five years, with a been requested to set up dedicated review at the end of two/three years. entities for timely implementation and During this time, the States are expected proper O&M of NGRBA projects. to build the technical and financial ● Memorandum of Agreements capacity of ULBs to ensure O&M on a (MoA): Tripartite MoAs are being sustained basis. signed with the State Governments/ – Measures for improving Urban Local Bodies in respect of implementation: The following are sanctioned projects. The MoAs among the measures taken to improve provide for commitments by the Centre implementation of projects under and States for funding of the projects, NGRBA; regular monitoring and review of ● Standing Committee and implementation, coordination by the Empowered Steering State Governments with the ULBs

156 Annual Report 2011-2012

and other agencies to ensure synergy about Rs. 7639 crore. An amount of Rs. with programs like JNNURM/ 3844 crore has been released by the UIDSSMT etc. Twenty nine MoAs Government of India so far. 865 schemes have been signed so far. have been completed as against 1151 ● Independent appraisal of number sanctioned of schemes. 4939 mld Detailed Project Reports: has been sanctioned so far on the basis of Reputed professional institutions have sanctioned DPRs within the approved cost of been appointed for appraisal of DPRs the respective projects and a capacity to treat for works to be taken up for sanction 4574 mld of sewage has been created till under NGRBA. the end of December, 2011 in addition to 869 mld already created under the completed ● Third Party Inspection: Third Party Inspection (TPI) for projects has been project of Ganga Action Plan Phase-I. introduced, covering all four stages Prevention and control of industrial pollution in the life cycle of a project, namely is being addressed by the Central and State Pre-construction, Construction, Pollution Control Boards/Pollution Control Commissioning & trial run and Post- Committee. construction. The inputs of third party National River Conservation Plan 5 inspection will be taken into (Externally Aided Projects) consideration before release of funds. Yamuna Action Plan (YAP)– (Phase-I) ● Industrial Pollution: In order to Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) Phase I was effectively tackle the problem of launched by the Ministry to take up the industrial pollution, a dedicated cell pollution abatement works in Yamuna river in is being set up in CPCB for inspection the States Uttar Pradesh, Delhi & Haryana in and monitoring of industrial units April 1993 as a component of Ganga Action discharging effluents into the river Plan Phase-II with a loan assistance from Ganga. In the first instance, the cell Japan Bank for International Cooperation will focus its efforts on the critical (JBIC). This project has been completed at a stretch of about 500 kms from total cost of Rs.682 crores and 269 out of Kannauj to Varanasi. the total 269 schemes have been completed National River Conservation Plan in February 2003. Under this plan, a sewage (NRCP) – (Other Schemes) treatment capacity of 753.25 mld out of the The schemes of GAP-II and other rivers envisaged capacity of 753.25 has been of the country have now been merged under created, with the state-wise break up of 322 one Centrally Sponsored Scheme of National mld (in Haryana), 401.25 mld (for U.P.) and River Conservation Plan based on 70:30 30 mld. (in Delhi). funding pattern and presently National River Yamuna Action Plan (Phase-II) Conservation Directorate (NRCD) is Government of India, Ministry of undertaking all river water pollution abatement Environment & Forests have received financial works under this head. assistance of Yen 13.33 billion from the At present, the National River Japan International Cooperation Agency Conservation Plan (NRCP) includes works in (JICA) for implementation of Yamuna Action 190 towns along polluted stretches of 39 Plan (YAP) Phase II, which is part of the rivers spread over 20 states (Annexure-V). National River Conservation Plan (NRCP). This includes works undertaken under GAP- The loan agreement between II. The total cost of the sanctioned projects is Government of Japan and Government of

157 Ministry of Environment & Forests

India has been signed on 31st March 2003. project cost as per pattern adopted for the The project has been approved by CCEA at earlier JICA assisted YAP-II project. an estimated cost of Rs. 624 crore for Under YAP-III, it is proposed to rehabilitate abatement of pollution of river Yamuna in the damaged trunk sewers to maximize the Delhi, UP (eight towns) and Haryana (six utilization of available treatment capacity, towns) under YAP-II. The cost of works under rehabilitate and modernize the STPs in three YAP-II is to be shared between Government catchment areas of Delhi namely Okhla, of India and State Governments in the ratio Kondli and Rithala and to equip them with of 85:15 i.e. Rs. 530 crore Central share tertiary level treatment facilities to achieve and Rs. 94 crore States’ share. Pollution treated effluent quality of 10 mg/l for abatement schemes for creation of 189 mld Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and sewage treatment capacity have been Total Suspended Solids (TSS) so as to improve sanctioned so far under the Plan at a cost of the water quality of river Yamuna. The Rs.647.86 crore, out of which an amount of proposed works are (a) Rehabilitation/ Rs.358 crore has been released towards modernization of STPs, totaling 814 MLD Central share. The works under YAP-II are in capacity at Okhla, Kondli and Rithala in advanced stages. Delhi. (b) Setting up of Tertiary Treatment YAP-II project also includes preparation Facilities at the above STPs (c) Construction of of DPRs for projects in the three States which a new state of art STP in place of old STP of are proposed to be undertaken under YAP- 136 MLD capacity at Okhla. (d) Rehabilitation III with JICA assistance. of sewer lines/rising mains in the two catchments of Delhi viz Kondli and Rithala. The cost of works to be executed in the (d) Public Outreach Activities. These works three States under YAP-II comprises of: will be integral to the Sewerage Master Plan Delhi Rs. 387.17 crore being prepared by Delhi Jal Board (DJB). UP Rs. 124.13 crore The project will be implemented by DJB Haryana Rs. 62.50 crore under the supervision of the Department of Miscellaneous (WQM, Urban Development, Government of NCT of Capacity building, Delhi. The Ministry of Environment and Consultancy etc.) Rs. 50.20 crore Forests will monitor the progress of work. The implementation of the project will be over a Yamuna Action Plan (Phase-III) period of seven years. Project Management Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) Phase - III Consultant will be appointed by DJB to assist project shall be implemented in Delhi with the in project implementation. The operation and assistance from Japan International maintenance (O&M) of the assets created Cooperation Agency (JICA) at an estimated under the project will be the responsibility of cost of Rs. 1656 crore. The project cost will the State Government/DJB. The project will be shared between the Government of India be completed in seven years. (GoI) and the Government of NCT of Delhi National Ganga River Basin Authority on 85:15 basis. The share of GoI will be (NGRBA) Rs. 1407.6 crore and that of Government of NCT of Delhi will be Rs. 248.4 crore. JICA JICA assisted Ganga Action Plan (GAP) has agreed to provide a loan assistance of Project at Varanasi $ 32571 Million to GoI for the proposed Based on the project proposal/feasibility project, which will constitute the central share study prepared under the JICA assisted of the project equivalent to 85% of the total development study, the GAP project at

158 Annual Report 2011-2012

Varanasi has been approved for funding by Management Group (PMG) under the State JBIC for 11.184 billion Yen. nodal Departments for planning, coordination, The project consists of the following monitoring implementation and reporting of components: the projects taken up under the Programme. – Sewerage component (comprising of To achieve the objective of Mission trunk sewers, pumping stations and Clean Ganga as resolved by NGRBA and to related rising mains, rehabilitation of old ensure that by the year 2020, no untreated trunk sewers and five ghats pumping municipal or industrial effluent will be allowed stations, renovation of existing STPs, to be discharged into the river Ganga, and construction of 140 mld new STP at an investment of Rs.15000 crore was Sathwa and land acquisition) estimated. – Non-sewerage component (comprising Other initiatives: North East of community toilet complexes in slum Identification of polluted stretches of areas, construction of dhobi ghats and rivers and polluting towns in rest of the North- improvement of bathing ghats) Eastern (NE) states are being carried out by – Public awareness and participation the state governments. On the basis of programme survey, investigation and DPRs, rivers from 5 – Institutional Development programme NE states would be considered for inclusion for the local body (Varanasi Nagar under NRCP. The cost sharing ratio between Nigam and Varanasi Jal Sansthan) to the Centre and States of the projects under enable proper O&M of the assets created. NRCP and NLCP in the NE states is 90:10. UP Jal Nigam is the project implementing The State Governments have been advised to agency (PIA) for the sewerage component prioritise the works for the polluted stretches while the non-sewerage component would be identified by the CPCB and to send proposals implemented by Varanasi Nagar Nigam. for pollution abatement works. Water Quality Management Plan for Pollution abatement schemes for creation River Ganga of 140 mld sewage treatment capacity have been sanctioned so far under the Plan at a The water quality of river Ganga is cost of Rs.496.90 crore. being monitored since 1986 from Rishikesh World Bank Assisted project for in Uttaranchal to Uluberia in West Bengal by pollution abatement of river Ganga institutions such as Pollution Control Research under NGRBA Institute, Hardwar, CPCB Zonal Office, Lucknow, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), A project with World Bank assistance for Kanpur, Patna University and Bidhan Chandra abatement of pollution of river Ganga at an Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Kalyani. As a result estimated cost of Rs.7000 crore has been of the projects completed under Ganga approved for implementation. The Bank will Action Plan, the water quality of river Ganga support the Government of India by providing has shown a general improvement despite technical assistance and financing of US $ tremendous population growth along the one billion (approx. Rs.4600 crore). The river banks as compared to pre-GAP period. share of Government of India will be Rs.5100 Water quality monitoring carried out by crore and that of the State Governments of reputed institutions such as, IIT, Kanpur, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL), Patna and West Bengal will be Rs.1900 crore. University, etc. indicates that, water quality States will have dedicated Project of the river Ganga conforms to the prescribed

159 Ministry of Environment & Forests standards in terms of key indicators, namely, A very significant factor is increasing Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and demand due to large scale water extraction Dissolved Oxygen (DO) at most of the for various purposes including irrigation, locations, except in the stretch between drinking water supply, and power projects. Kannauj and Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. The Besides this, inadequate operation and level of bacterial contamination in terms of maintenance (O&M) by the States, under- fecal coliform however, exceeds the maximum utilisation of the STPs in some instances, permissible limit at most monitoring stations delay in acquisition of land, contractual along the river. issues, court cases, erratic power supply and The summer average values of two inadequate capacities of local bodies/ important river water quality parameters viz. agencies and lack of involvement of civil Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical society were some of the constraints faced in Oxygen Demand (BOD) recorded in some of the implementation of the Ganga Action the important monitoring stations on river Plan. The pollution load on rivers has increased Ganga is given in Table-32. over the years due to rapid urbanistion and

Table-32. Water Quality Data For River Ganga (Summer Average i.e. March-June)

S. Station/Location Distance 1986 2011 No. (KM) DO(mg/l) BOD(mg/l) DO(mg/l) BOD(mg/l)

1. Rishikesh 0 8.1 1.7 7.6 1.4 2. Hardwar D/s 30 8.1 1.8 7.4 1.6 3. Garhmukteshwar 175 7.8 2.2 7.5 1.7 4. Kannauj U/S 430 7.2 5.5 7.9 1.7 5. Kannauj D/S 433 NA NA 8.1 3.2 6. Kanpur U/S 530 7.2 7.2 7.7 3.3 7. Kanpur D/S 548 6.7 8.6 7.6 3.8 8. Allahabad U/S 733 6.4 11.4 7.8 5.3 9. Allahabad D/S 743 6.6 15.5 7.8 5.1 10. Varanasi U/S 908 5.6 10.1 8.0 2.9 11. Varanasi D/S 916 5.9 10.6 8.0 4.3 12. Patna U/S 1188 8.4 2.0 7.0 1.8 13. Patna D/S 1198 8.1 2.2 7.1 2.5 14. Rajmahal 1508 7.8 1.8 6.8 1.5 15. Palta 2050 N/A N/A 7.3 2.3 16. Uleberia 2500 N/A N/A 6.6 2.8

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Bathing Water Quality Criteria : DO equal to or more than 5.0 mg/l BOD equal to or less than 3.0 mg/l * The above data are on the basis of the Water Quality Monitoring in various stretches of the river done by the following independent institutions - 1. Pollution Control Research Institute (PCRI), Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL), Hardwar (Rishikesh to Anoopshahr), (Badrinath to Hardwar) 2. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) (Allahabad to Tarighat) 3. Deptt. of Zoology, Patna University (Buxar to Sahebganj in Bihar) 4. Deptt. of Civil Engg., Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur (Kannauj U/S to Kanpur D/S), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, West Bengal, (Berhampore to Uluberia)

160 Annual Report 2011-2012 industrialization. Domestic sewage is the Projects approved under NLCP major source of pollution of rivers besides The Ministry is implementing the scheme industrial and other non-point sources of of National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP) pollution. since June, 2001 for conservation and The water quality monitoring has also management of polluted and degraded lakes been undertaken for rivers namely, Yamuna, in urban and semi-urban areas of the country Western Yamuna Canal, Gomti, Hindon, where degradation is primarily on account of Satluj (Punjab), Cauvery (Tamil Nadu), discharge of waste water into the lake, Tungbhadra in Karnataka and Waterways of through an integrated ecosystem approach. Chennai. The number of monitoring stations The mandate of the NLCP Scheme is pollution presently are 158 in 10 rivers which include prevention and conservation of perennial 27 stations set up in the upper reaches of lakes. Ganga and 32 stations of Chennai So far under NLCP, a total of 41 projects Waterways. for conservation of 61 lakes have been National Lake Conservation Plan sanctioned in 14 States at a sanctioned cost Objectives of Rs.1028.19 crore (Annexure-III). Conservation works for 18 lakes have been 5 The objective of the Scheme is to completed so far whereas in some cases the restore and conserve the polluted lakes in project implementation is in last stages of urban and semi-urban areas of the country completion. Funding pattern under NLCP is degraded due to waste water discharge into on a 70:30 cost sharing between the Central the lake. The activities covered under NLCP and the State Government. include the following: NLCP Guidelines – Prevention of pollution from point sources by intercepting, diverting and treating With the experience gained in the pollution load entering the Lakes implementation of projects sanctioned under from the entire lake catchment area. the NLCP, it was considered imperative to make successive improvements in the existing – In-situ measures of Lake cleaning such as De-silting, De-weeding, Bio- remediation etc. depending upon the site conditions. – Catchments area treatment which may include bunding, afforestation, storm water, drainage, fencing and shore line development etc. – Public awareness and public participation – Other activities depending upon location specific conditions including public interface. Fig-51. A view of sunset at Bhor lake, Gujarat

161 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Fig-52. A view of at system of project formulation and The revised NLCP guidelines are accessible implementation. In the process, many of the on the Ministry’s website. eminent experts in the field, concerned State Budget Allocation Governments/Implementing Agencies and all relevant stakeholders were consulted. The Budget Allocation for 2011-12 under existing guidelines of NLCP have since been National River Conservation Plan and revised after due incorporation of responses National Lake Conservation Plan is given in of State Governments and experts feedback. Table-33.

Table-33. Budget Allocation for 2011-12 under National River Conservation Plan and National Lake Conservation Plan (Rs. in Crore)

Sl. Name of the Plan Budget Revised Expenditure by GOI No. Estimate Estimate (December 2011)

1 National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) 6.71 6.71 4.17

2 National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) 195.00 165.00 141.02

3 National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) 500.00 216.61 190.59

4 National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP) 50.00 80.00 79.90

Total 751.71 468.32 385.68

162 Annual Report 2011-2012

Names and addresses of preservation and wise use of wetlands implementing agencies to the State Governments. The names and addresses of State – Review the list of wetlands and the Implementing Agencies under NRCP are at details of prohibited and regulated Annexure-V. activities under the rules and the mode and methodology for execution. National Wetland Conservation Programme (NWCP) An Expert Group on Wetlands (EGOW) has also been set up for examining Brief Objectives management action plans of newly identified The programme was initiated in 1987 wetland and also identification of new with the following objectives:- wetlands for the conservation and management. Functions of the Group are: – to lay down policy guidelines for conservation and management of – Identification of new wetlands for wetlands in the country; conservation under NWCP. – to provide financial assistance for – In-depth examination of Management undertaking intensive conservation Action Plans of the newly identified measures in the identified wetlands; wetland as per guidelines prescribed by 5 – to monitor implementation of the the GOI. Programme; and – Suggest amendments to guidelines, if – to prepare an inventory of Indian any, for identification of new wetlands, for formulation of Management Action wetlands. Plan and for identification of priority Central Wetlands Regulatory areas of research. Authority (CWRA) Over the years, based on the Central Government notified the recommendations of National Wetlands Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Committee, 115 wetlands have been Rules - 2010 vide notification no. GSR- identified so far for conservation under the 951(E) dated 4th December, 2010. As per National Wetland Conservation Programme the provision under Rule 5 of these wetlands (Annexure-VI B). rules, Central Wetlands Regulatory Authority (CWRA) has been constituted under the The Research projects to supplement chairmanship of Secretary (E&F). The main Management Action Plans (M.A.Ps.) for functions of CWRA are: intensive conservation on thrust areas of research are considered by the Thematic – Appraise proposals for identification of Group for conservation of Wetlands and new wetlands. Mangroves constituted by RE Division in the – To enforce the provisions contained under Ministry. List of the research project sanctioned these rules along with other laws in during 2010-11 is annexed (Annexure-III). force; Activities under MAPs of identified – Grant clearances or identify the areas wetlands for the grant of clearance for regulated activities in the wetlands under Main Activities under MAPs of Wetlands jurisdictions; for which funds provided, include: – Issue whatever directions, from time to – Survey and demarcation time necessary for the conservation, – Catchment area treatment

163 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Protection measures – Two meetings of Central Wetlands – Fisheries development Regulatory Authority (CWRA) held under the chairmanship of Secretary (E&F) – Weed control – One regional workshop at Leh Ladakh – Wildlife conservation (J&K) organized during the current – Pollution abatement financial year for providing training to – Research on various aspects of Wetlands wetland managers for implementation of – Eco-development activities Management Action Plans in high altitude wetlands in the states. – Education and awareness – Two new research projects sanctioned To supplement the Management Action during current financial year. Plans, assistance is also given for research – As per decision of CWRA in the first & developmental activities in various thrust meeting held on 25th March, 2011, areas of research which are as follows: three members committee constituted to – Survey and assessment of resources frame draft guidelines. – Value of wetlands – Revised management action Plan of – Hydrological functions and assessment Wullar Lake received at the total cost of of associated values Rs.120 crores from Jammu & Kashmir – Assessment and conservation of wetland Government. Out of Rs.120 crores, an biodiversity amount of Rs.30 crore has been allocated for the current financial year for survey – Anthropogenic pressures and natural and demarcation and other priority calamities components in a meeting of experts – Socio-economic aspects constituted for this purpose by MoEF. As Progress/Achievements made during per decision of the expert group, Ministry the year of Finance was requested to release first installment of Rs.30 crores for the current National Wetland Conservation financial year for conservation of Wullar Programme Lake. This amount has already been – During the year 2011-12, Management received by the state govt. Action Plans of 35 wetlands were – Organized a workshop on the eve of approved and financial assistance World Wetland Day -2011 at Keoladeo released to the concerned State National Park, Bharatpur for sensitizing Governments. So far, an amount of the state governments about the activities Rs.10.34 crores has been released (till to be undertaken in the wetlands notified 31st December, 2011) against the total under the Wetlands (Conservation and allocation of Rs.11.90 crores. An Management) Rules -2010. additional grant of Rs.3.00 crores has – A meeting for Pulicat wetland a trans- been proposed during 2011-12 for boundary wetland in Andhra Pradesh sanction of management action plans of and Tamil Nadu was held in Chennai on those wetlands which in-spite of 29th August, 2011 under the identification could not be given chairmanship of Secretary (E&F) to assistance for constraint of funds. finalize tentative plan from Andhra – Funds were released for eight research Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. In a meeting projects the new and ongoing. recently held on with officials

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of governments of Tamil Nadu and – Two presentation on selected themes (i) Andhra Pradesh under the chairmanship Need for developing effective mechanism of Secretary (E&F), both the governments to monitor ecological interventions in were asked to send Terms of References Ramsar sites and (ii) Wetlands (TORs) for preparation of joint action (Conservation and Management) Rules plan. Thereafter consultant will be -2010 were sent to Ramsar for discussion selected to make comprehensive action during Ramsar Pre CoP-11 Asian plan for which assistance will be released Regional Workshop held from 14th to as per norms. 18th November, 2011 at Jakarta, International issues and Ramsar Indonesia which were basis on the Convention themes selected from a few Asian countries where some innovative – Twenty five sites have already been measures have been initiated for designated as Ramsar sites in India till conservation of wetlands. date. (Annexure-VI A). Six (6) more Comparison of progress vis-à-vis that wetlands are under process of being achieved in the previous years designated as Ramsar sites. – Total number of identified wetlands has – India was re-nominated as Member of 5 increased to 115 in 2010 covering 24 Supervisory Council for another term states and two UTs. Five more wetlands (2008-2011) on the basis of its have been recommended for inclusion achievement for conserving Wetlands of the country. in the list by the Expert Group on wetlands in the meeting held in the – India is also a partner to the Himalayan Ministry. These wetlands will be added initiatives along with other Himalayan to the list after the endorsement by the countries. A Himalayan initiative was CWRA. recently endorsed by the Indian – During 2011-12 one workshop was Government in 2008. organized at Leh Ladakh (J&K) for – Five GEF projects posed for external providing training to wetland managers funding from UNEP and have been dealing with high altitude Ramsar Sites. approved in principle. – Funds were released to concerned – World Wetland Day -2011 was observed organizations for eight research projects at Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur including ongoing projects. under the chairmanship of Hon’ble MEF. – An additional grant of Rs. 3.00 crores – An International Conference on Indian has been proposed during 2011-12 for Ornithology by Salim Ali Cetre for sanction of management action plan of Ornithology and Natural History identified wetlands. (SACON) was held from 19–23 State wise status November, 2011 at Coimbatore with One hundred fifteen wetlands covering the finacial assistance provided by MoEF. 24 states and two UTs have been – Country Report for CoP-11 of Ramsar identified under the National Wetland Convention has been finalised and is Conservation programme and five more being sent to Ramsar Secretrait for the wetland have been recommended for next CoP meeting to be held in July inclusion in the list by the Expert Group 2012 at Ramania. on Wetlands.

165 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Regulatory Acts/Rules governing the Budget allocation of the scheme programme and promulgation of new during the year and progress of acts, if any, along with the details: expenditure Ministry has notified Wetlands An allocation of Rs. 11.90 crore has (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 been made during the year 2011-12 for under Part II, Section 3- Sub Section (i) of EP conservation and management of identified Act 1986, vide notification no. GSR-951(E) wetlands. So far an expenditure of Rs.10.34 dated 4th December, 2010. The main crore has been incurred till 31st December, provisions under the Rule are as below: 2011. – Criteria for notifying the wetlands for An additional grant of Rs.3.00 crore has regulation under the Rule. been proposed for wetlands during 2011-12. – Prohibited activities in the notified Implementation organizations wetlands. Department of Environment and Forests, – Regulated activities in the notified Department of Fisheries, Council for Science wetlands. and Technology, State Wetland Authority of – Constitution of Central Wetlands the concerned states are the nodal Regulatory Authority. departments for implementing various – Process for identification of wetlands conservation activities in states where wetlands under different categories. have been identified under NWCP.

166 CHAPTER-6 REGENERATION AND ECO0-DEVELOPMENT Ministry of Environment & Forests

National Afforestation and Eco- – Coordinate and monitor the Action Plans Development Board (NAEB) for tree planting, ecological restoration and eco-development; and Introduction – Undertake all other measures necessary In order to promote afforestation, tree for promoting afforestation, tree planting, planting, ecological restoration and eco- ecological restoration and eco- development activities in the country, the development activities in the country. National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board (NAEB) was set up in August 1992. Name of the Schemes Special attention is also given by NAEB to National Afforestation and Eco- the regeneration of degraded forest areas Development Board (NAEB) operates the and lands adjoining forest areas, national following three major schemes: parks, sanctuaries and other protected areas (a) National Afforestation Programme (NAP) as well as the ecologically fragile areas like Scheme the Western Himalayas, Aravallis, Western Ghats etc. (b) NAEB Scheme: The major components of the Scheme are: Objectives i. Grants in Aid for Greening India The detailed objectives of the NAEB are to: (GIA for GI) Scheme – Evolve mechanisms for ecological ii. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) restoration of degraded forest areas and iii. Communication adjoining lands through systematic iv. Support to Regional Centres (RCs) planning and implementation; (c) Eco Development Forces (EDF) Scheme – Restore, through natural regeneration or appropriate intervention, the forest cover (a) National Afforestation Programme in the country for ecological security and (NAP) Scheme to meet the fuelwood, fodder and other Introduction and Objectives needs of the rural communities; It continues to be the flagship scheme of – Augment availability of fuelwood, fodder, NAEB, in so much as it provides support, timber and other forest produce on the both in physical and capacity building terms, degraded forest and adjoining lands in to the Forest Development Agencies (FDAs) order to meet the demands for these items; which in turn are the main organs to move – Sponsor research and extension of forward institutionalization of Joint Forest findings to disseminate new and proper Management. The FDA has been conceived technologies for the regeneration and and established as a federation of Joint development of degraded forest areas Forest Management Committees (JFMCs) at and adjoining lands; the Forest Division level to undertake holistic – Create general awareness and help development in the forestry sector with foster a people’s movement for promoting people’s participation. From the year 2010- afforestation and eco-development with 11, State Forest Development Agency (SFDA) the assistance of voluntary agencies, has been constituted at the State level to Non-Governmental Organizations, smoothen the fund flow to the FDAs. This Panchayati Raj institutions and others decentralized three-tier institutional structure and promote participatory and (SFDA, FDA and JFMC) allows greater sustainable management of degraded participation of the community, both in forest areas and adjoining lands; planning and implementation, to improve

168 Annual Report 2011-2012

Table-34. Year-wise progress of National Afforestation Programme (As on 30.11.2011) Table : Year-wise progress of National Afforestation Programme (2002-03 till date) Year No.of New FDA No. of New Project Area approved Release projects JFMCs involved (ha.)* (Rs. in crores)** approved 2000-02 47 1843 71068 47.53 2002-03 237 8197 404799 151.26 2003-04 231 7902 282536 207.98 2004-05 105 3404 106743 233.00 2005-06 94 2362 54432 248.12 2006-07 15 494 0 292.75 2007-08 53 3979 493061 392.95 2008-09 13 6598 173435 345.62 2009-10 5 7756 103556 318.17 2010-11 26 SFDA -- 57126 309.99 (as on 31.12.2010) Projects 2011-12 20 SFDA -- 85648 100.53 (as on 30.11.2011) Projects 6 * Area approved for advance soil work/preparatory plantations during the year for all ongoing FDA projects. ** Total (financial assistance provided during the year for planting, advance soil work, maintenance, etc.) for all ongoing FDA projects forests and livelihoods of the people living in for the general good of the people and around forest areas. The village is – Improve quality of life and self-sustenance reckoned as a unit of planning and aspect of people living in and around implementation and all activities under the forest areas programme are conceptualized at the village – Capability endowment and skill level. The three-tier approach, apart from enhancement for improving employability building capacities at the grassroots level, of the rural people. significantly empowers the local people to Progress and Achievements during the participate in the decision making process. year Under Entry Point Activities, community assets are created with a ‘care and share’ concept. – Eight hundred (800) FDA projects have The objectives of the scheme are as follows: been operationalised so far, since the launch of the FDA mechanism in 2000- – Protection, and conservation of natural 01, at an expenditure of Rs. 2647.86 resources through active involvement of crores to treat a total area of 18.32 the people. lakh ha. (as on 30th November, 2011). – Checking land degradation, Rehabilitation of shifting cultivation lands deforestation and loss of biodiversity have been given specific focus under – Ecological restoration and environmental the programme, and so far, thirty five conservation and eco-development jhum projects have been sanctioned in – Evolving village level people’s North-Eastern (NE) States and in Orissa. organization which can manage the – As on 30th November, 2011, Rs.100.53 natural resources in and around villages crore was released to State Forest in a sustainable manner Development Agencies (SFDAs) during – Fulfillment of the broader objectives of the year 2011-12 for implementation of productivity, equity, and sustainability National Afforestation Programme (NAP).

169 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Implementing organization Comparison of progress as compared to previous years The NAP Scheme is implemented through three-tier decentralized mechanism of State Year-wise and State-wise progress of Forest Development Agency (SFDA) at State National Afforestation Programme in the level, Forest Development Agency at Forest Tenth Five Year Plan and during the current Division Level and Joint Forest Management year is given in Table-34 and Table-35 Committees (JFMCs) at the village level. respectively.

Table-35. State-wise status of FDA projects since inception of the scheme (2000-02) till 31.3.2010.

Sl. Name of No. of FDA Total Total Area (in Total No. State/Union Projects/ project cost JFMCs ha.) Releases Territory Proposals (in Rs. (in Rs. sanctioned crores) Crores) 1 Andhra Pradesh 47 130.74 2555 72823 84.67 2 Chhattisgarh 32 225.56 2611 106660 158.51 3 Gujarat 25 212.02 2157 82530 127.38 4 Haryana 19 128.35 2265 44189 102.22 5 Himachal Pradesh 30 81.82 1556 44883 58.73 6 Jammu & Kashmir 31 109.69 1836 65494 55.28 7 Karnataka 45 212.36 1560 96155 157.84 8 Madhya Pradesh 55 208.30 3270 124782 142.98 9 Maharashtra 48 205.03 3092 119227 134.69 10 Orissa 46 157.69 3547 123307 105.99 11 Punjab 15 38.07 1192 18109 21.91 12 Rajasthan 33 67.52 996 45490 49.46 13 Tamil Nadu 32 130.83 1580 68192 101.73 14 Uttar Pradesh 69 241.21 2752 130127 193.23 15 Uttarakhand 38 98.33 1900 65576 72.34 16 Goa 3 2.39 26 1250 0.64 17 Jharkhand 34 160.50 2495 96500 118.09 18 Bihar 10 45.12 978 28481 34.12 19 Kerala 27 87.31 615 31981 45.58 20 West Bengal 20 67.48 1960 38248 46.16 Total (Other States) 659 2610.34 38943 1404004 1811.57 21 Arunachal Pradesh 23 40.93 481 30321 25.69 22 Assam 30 84.36 810 52605 65.51 23 Manipur 16 67.91 578 35144 54.80 24 Nagaland 19 71.12 456 43718 62.78 25 Sikkim 8 65.95 244 26003 54.60 26 Tripura 13 41.00 271 29470 29.79 27 Mizoram 24 124.57 528 50120 106.70 28 Meghalaya 8 32.06 224 18245 25.91 Total (NE States) 141 527.90 3592 285626 425.79 TOTAL 800 3138.24 42535 1689630 2237.36

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Table-36. State-wise status of SFDA projects (from 1.4.2011 to 30.11.2011)

Total Approved Approved Total Release Advance S.No. State Amount Amount Work (in (Rs. In lakh) hectares) 1 2 3 4 5 1 Andhra Pradesh 3539.88 1807.5 7794 2 Bihar 1342.79 811.71 5647 3 Chhattisgarh 5431.51 4231.5 5637 4 Gujarat 5905.15 3785.09 9185 5 Haryana 3943.72 3031.99 4245 6 Himachal Pradesh 1467.49 695.01 4212 7 Jammu & Kashmir 1048.92 398.61 0 6 8 Jharkhand 1981.96 873 0 9 Karnataka 2593.13 1152.15 5765 10 Kerala 2073.68 948.13 3633 11 Madhya Pradesh 6740.4 3256.64 17565 12 Maharashtra 5914.08 2395.13 3899 13 Orissa 2878.59 1434.15 7410 14 Rajasthan 1868.4 933.24 3700 15 Tamil Nadu 1336.31 1028.68 2984 16 Uttarakhand 1169.14 447.11 3340 17 Uttar Pradesh 4463.84 2943.73 11374 18 West Bengal 1161.42 669.63 5175 Sub Total : 54860.41 30843.00 101565 19 Arunachal Pradesh 701.31 552.00 3125 20 Assam 1240.44 607.87 0 21 Manipur 2021.8 1528.88 5544 22 Meghalaya 954.06 878.76 4800 23 Mizoram 2558.82 1878.18 4970 24 Nagaland 1846.59 1426.61 6500 25 Sikkim 2254.42 1623.74 3779 26 Tripura 2885.98 1710.97 12491 Sub Total : 14463.42 10207.01 41209 Grand Total 69323.83 41050.01 142774

171 Ministry of Environment & Forests

New initiatives under the Scheme Grants in Aid for Greening India Scheme A number of initiatives have been taken by the Ministry to expedite the implementation Increasing forest and tree cover (FTC) of of the scheme as well to improve the qualitative the country to one-third of its geographical aspects of implementation. These include: area, as envisaged in the National Forest – Stepping-up monitoring and evaluation Policy 1988, is essential for economic and of the FDA projects by activation of ecological security of the country. Achieving State-level Coordination Committees for the target of one-third of FTC, however, NAP, increased field visit by officers, requires substantial increase in the annual and expeditious commissioning by the tree planting rate in the country, and that too, States of first independent concurrent mostly on lands outside recorded forest area evaluation of FDA projects (RFA) wherein non-forest organizations and – Increased number of training the custodian institutions can play a significant programmes for the frontline staff and role. The Scheme ‘Grants-in-Aid Scheme JFM committee members providing assistance to Voluntary Agencies – Organising district -level for tree planting’ was started for encouraging interdepartmental linkage workshops for participation of the interested Non- promoting linkage of NAP with other Governmental Organisations as well as developmental programmes for Government Institutions. enhancing the sustainability of JFM It has been observed that for raising tree – Initiating pilot projects for establishing plantations on lands outside forest cover, forest-based microenterprises which will economic return is the major driving force. provide experiential learning for scaling- These could be encouraged if returns to the up such activity with a view to consolidate growers were made attractive. The wanting the JFM during the Eleventh Plan. economic returns are largely attributed to the – Comprehensive amendment in Guidelines low volume and poor quality yield of tree of NAP scheme has been made to promote products. The main reason for this is that the further decentralization by delegating more tree growers do not have easy access to quality responsibilities to State Forest Departments planting material (QPM) due to both paucity of with respect to processing of the FDA QPM production facilities in the rural areas and project proposals, greater organic linkage low awareness about gains of using QPM. of JFMCs with Gram Panchayats, increased Recognizing these constraints, the then Grants- security of the elected members of JFMCs in-Aid Scheme was restructured by incorporating through longer tenure of JFMC presidency, additional components of QPM production capacity building in particular of frontline facilities and creation of mass awareness about staff of Forest Department and JFMC QPM. This was renamed as “Grants in aid for members especially with regard to local Greening India” Scheme and three aspects management and administrative expressly stated:- responsibilities. a) Raising mass awareness about QPM National Afforestation and Eco- and tree planting Development Board (NAEB) Scheme b) Enhancing the capacity for QPM The major component of the scheme are :- production i. Grants in Aid for Greening India (GIA c) Tree planting with people’s participation for GI) Scheme “Grants in Aid for Greening India” ii. Support to Regional Centres (RCs) Scheme has been discontinued w.e.f. 2008- iii. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) 09. The ongoing projects, however, will iv. Communication continue to be supported till completion.

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Table-37. Progress under the previous ‘Grants-in-Aid to Voluntary Agencies’ and present Grants- in-Aid for Greening India’ Scheme Year No. of tree planting Expenditure projects supported * (Rs. in Cr.) ** 2002-03 141 4.00 2003-04 251 8.49 2004-05 266 8.97 2005-06 211 11.76 2006-07 109 5.86 2007-08 129 8.48 2008-09 *** 85 3.95 2009-10*** 29 1.05 2010-11*** 7 0.38 2011-12 Nil Nil * Includes ongoing projects, sanctioned in previous years also. 6 ** Includes grants given for Awareness Generation, High-Tech Nursery and Tree Planting components of the Grants in Aid for Greening India Scheme. *** Includes only ongoing projects as no new project was sanctioned.

Financial assistance of Rs.0.38 crores implementing majority of Tree Planting was provided to agencies for ongoing tree projects. planting projects during financial year 2010- Regional Centres of NAEB 11. The Budget Estimate for ongoing projects under the Scheme for 2011-12 is Rs.0.50 The Board has designated seven Regional crore. The requisite reports/certificates from Centres in various universities/ national level the voluntary agencies/FDAs are being institutions - Dr. Y.S.Parmar University of pursued by the Ministry. Due to pendency of Agriculture, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, adequate reports, no further release of funds University of Agricultural Science, Bangalore, have been done in the current financial year. Indian Institute of Forest Management, Bhopal, Jadavpur University, Calcutta, Agricultural Table-39 reflects the number of projects Finance Corporation, Mumbai, Agricultural for tree planting supported under the previous Finance Corporation, Delhi, North Eastern ‘Grants-in-Aid to Voluntary Agencies’ scheme Hill University (NEHU) Shillong. These Centres (until 2004-05) and the present ‘Grants-in- help NAEB in promoting extension of Aid for Greening India’ Scheme till the replicable technologies and for dissemination current financial year 2010-11. of research findings. They provide technical The scheme is being implemented by and extension support in effective Government Departments, Urban Local implementation of regeneration of degraded Bodies, Panchayati Raj Institutions, Public forests and adjoining lands with people’s Sector Undertakings, Autonomous Bodies, participation and also act as a forum for the Registered Societies, Non-Profit exchange of ideas and experiences amongst Organizations, Cooperatives, Charitable the States of the region as well as across the Trusts, Voluntary Agencies, Registered regions. In addition, these Centres carry out Schools, Colleges, Universities and State problem-specific studies as well as evaluation Forest Departments. Voluntary Agencies are of NAEB’s programmes in the field and

173 Ministry of Environment & Forests organize training programmes and workshops and regeneration of degraded forests are focusing on priorities set out by the Board. being progressively developed. In order to share such experiences and technologies The work programmes of the Regional widely, NAEB documents such information, Centres are formulated to address the emerging needs of promoting sustainability brings out publications, and also documents of Joint Forest Management beyond the NAP success stories. In order to increase the forest and tree cover, an aggressive media scheme funding. The new areas include campaign has been launched in twelve training for forest-based micro-enterprises, districts of six selected States of Bihar, Gujarat, development of Joint Forest Management Rajasthan, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh and Committees, Self Help Groups, district-level inter departmental linkage workshops for West Bengal. This includes print publicity, synergy of JFM with other schemes of advertisements, audio spots, audio-visual spots and TV commercials in regional and local Government and studies on improved languages to generate a mass movement. silvicultural practices for management of non- timber forest products. Pilot projects on During 2011-12 an amount of Rs.2.30 capacity building for forest based micro- crores has been provided as the outlay for enterprise have been initiated by the Regional various items under Communication out of Centres across the country. It is hoped that which Rs.0.22 crores has been released upto based on the experience of these pilots, the 31st October, 2011. It is proposed to forest-based microenterprise could be scaled- significantly scale-up this activity during 2012- up as a means of promoting sustainable 2013 through preparation and livelihoods of the forest-fringe communities. implementation of a structured Media Plan Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) for tree planting on non-forest lands by private individuals and institutions. A multi It is proposed to undertake evaluations media campaign will be run through of the ongoing projects and scheme of NAEB Directorate of Advertising and Visual Publicity in order to assess achievement against the set (DAVP) and will be in the regional languages objectives, as well as evaluating strengths to bring focused efforts on raising awareness and weaknesses of various technologies used on benefits of tree planting. so that appropriate amendment in the current schemes of NAEB could be made for greater Eco-Development Forces (EDF) Scheme efficiency. Eco-Development Forces Scheme was It is also proposed to continue with: established in 1980s as a scheme being (a) First concurrent evaluation of SFDA implemented through Ministry of Defence for projects under NAP Scheme; ecological restoration of terrains, rendered difficult either due to severe degradation or (b) Study of tree planting under 20-Point remote location or difficult law and order Programme in selected districts of India; situation. The scheme of Eco-Development (c) Interactive meetings on Monitoring and Forces is based on twin objectives of Evaluation of SFDA projects under NAP ecological regeneration in difficult areas, at regional level and promotion of meaningful employment to A sum of Rs.1.00 crores is the budgetary ex-servicemen. outlay of 2011-12. No funds have been Under this scheme, the establishment released so far. It is expected to fully utilize and operational expenditure on the Eco Task the allocated budget. Force (ETF) Battalions raised by Ministry of Communication Defence is reimbursed by Ministry of New technology and methodologies of Environment and Forests while the inputs like participatory management, eco-development sapling, fencing, etc. and also the professional

174 Annual Report 2011-2012

Table-38. The progress of ETF Battalions during the year 2010-11 (as on 31st March, 2011)

Battalion Location New Plantation Maintenance of during the year old Plantation (As on (As on 31.03.2011) 31.03.2011) No. of Area No. of Area Plants in Plants in ha. ha. 127 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 4.69 lakh 400 17.14 lakh 1600 128 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Rajasthan 4.80 lakh 600 7.66 lakh 1170 129 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Jammu & Kashmir 1.70 lakh 295 0.42 lakh 540 130 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 5.00 lakh 500 15.63 lakh 1500 134 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 10.56 lakh 1065 2.75 lakh 2407 135 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 8.43 lakh 844 5.08 lakh 508 TOTAL 35.18 3704 48.68 lakh 7725 lakh 6 and managerial guidance is provided by the Implementing Organization State Forest Departments. In ETF battalions, Directorate General of Territorial Army, the Ministry of Defence deploys its ex- Ministry of Defence, New Delhi. servicemen, preferably from within the area of operation, whereas the nuclear core of the Green India Mission force is constituted of regular servicemen. Green India Mission (GIM) has been Some of the ETF Battalions have undertaken initiated by the Ministry of Environment & successful eco-restoration of highly degraded Forest as one of the eight missions under sites, for example the limestone mining areas National Action Plan on Climate Change in the Hills. (NAPCC) The mission has been approved by The progress of ETF Battalions during the the Prime Minister’s Council on Climate year 2010-11 is given in Table-38. Change on 22nd February and an amount of Rs.200 crores have been allocated in the Six ETF battalions are being supported budget for the preparatory activities in the under the Eco-Development Forces (EDF) year 2011-12 in the union budget for the Scheme in the States of Uttarakhand, year 2011-12. Total Mission cost is Rs. Rajasthan, Jammu & Kashmir and Assam. 46,000 crore over ten years starting from the Budget Estimate for the scheme during 2011- year 2012-13, coinciding with the 12th and 12 is Rs. 12.00 crores out of which Rs.11.88 13th Five year Plan Period. The Mission aims crores has been reimbursed to Ministry of to increase forest and tree cover on five Defence till 30th November, 2011. million hectare area and to improve quality The progress of ETF Battalions during the of forest cover on another five million hectare year 2011-12 is given in Table-39. area as well as to improve ecosystems services, forest based livelihood income of All ETF Battalions have undertaken works about three million households and to enhance like raising nursery and plantation and annual CO sequestration. protection measures to protect the plantation 2 area. They have also constructed stone dams Progress made so far and also other soil and moisture conservation works. – A Brainstorming Session on sensitising

175 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-39. The progress of ETF Battalions during the year 2011-12 (as on 30th September, 2011) Battalion Location New Plantation Maintenance of old during the year Plantation (As on 30.09.2011) (As on 30.09.2011) No. of Area in No. of Area in Plants ha. Plants ha. 127 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 4.00 lakh 400 2.01 lakh 1200 128 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Rajasthan 5.60 lakh 700 14.27 lakh 1470 129 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Jammu & Kashmir 1.08 lakh 140 5.75 lakh 693 130 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Uttarakhand 5.00 lakh 500 0.91 lakh 500 134 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 8.81 lakh 774 17.83 lakh 1887 135 Inf Bn (TA) Eco Assam 9.30 lakh 930 8.44 lakh 844 TOTAL 33.79 3444 ha. 49.21 lakh 6594 lakh ha. State Forest Departments/ other Stake- has been decided in the Ministry to holders on Green India Mission (GIM) circulate approach paper on GIM and list of actions to be taken with funding to the various ministries, before timeline was organized on 26th March, CCEA note/EFC proposal is circulated 2011 at New Delhi. to the appropriate Ministries for – A workshop on the criteria for comments. An approach paper on identification of the landscapes under convergence issues for implementation GIM and prioritizing them for of GIM has been circulated on 17th implementation was organized on 28th November, 2011 to the concerned and 29th of April, 2011 at New Delhi Ministries/Department/ Organisation for and two groups have been constituted their comments. for formulating criteria for land scape – Proposal for Rs. 200.00 crores for identification and operational operationalizing and implementation of guidelines. preparatory activities has been submitted – Four regional workshops on to Inter Ministerial Group (IMG). The Operational Guidelines for proposal has been circulated by Ministry implementation of GIM have been of Finance (PF-II) to relevant ministries conducted at Jabalpur (7th October, with last date of 27th September, 2011 2011), Jaipur (11th October, 2011), for comments. As suggested by PMO, Agartala (15th October, 2011) and an IA is under process for filing in the Bengaluru (20th October, 2011). Supreme Court for additional allocation – Draft Cabinet Note on GIM was from CAMPA funds. The proposal for circulated to concerned Ministries/ Rs.200 crores from National Clean Departments for their comments. The Energy Fund has been apprised in the received comments were compiled and meeting of Inter-Ministerial Group (IMG) response of the MoEF was prepared. convened by the Ministry of Finance, After internal discussions in the ministry, Department of Expenditure on 25th draft EFC proposal and draft CCEA note November, 2011. are being prepared. – The first advisory guidelines for – Constitution of Steering Committee of the implementation of GIM have been circulated Green India Mission is under process. It to all States on 21st November, 2011.

176 CHAPTER-7 RESEARCH Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environmental Research resources, including preparedness for international negotiations. Research and Development (R&D) – To support basic research which leads to Introduction applied research in the areas of The Ministry of Environment and Forests, environment and ecology with the aim of is classified as a ‘Scientific Ministry’ under the development of management and policy Government of India. Since its inception in interventions 1985, the Ministry has been funding research – To facilitate database management at through Grant-in-Aid projects in the identified one single point in the Ministry. thrust areas to various organizations The vision of the R&D Scheme of the (universities, colleges recognized by UGC, Ministry is “Promotion of research in various institutions of CSIR, ICAR, ICMR, ICSSR and facets of ecology and environment for the recognized non-governmental scientific conservation of environment and natural organizations) all over the country in different resources of the country” through its areas under the broad ambit of environment established research programmes. These protection and management. The Ministry has include Environment Research Programme brought out Guidelines for Support to (ERP), Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS), Environmental Research in the year 2006. Eastern and Western Ghats Research The Ministry has taken a number of new Programme (E&WGRP) and Economic & initiatives to strengthen scientific research in Social Issues. Thematic Expert Groups for the area of environmental sciences. Some of these research programmes have been these include institution of National constituted to screen evaluation and Environmental Sciences Fellows Programme, recommend new projects and also to monitor/ Mahatma Gandhi Chair in Ecology and review the ongoing projects. The Ministry also Environment etc. promotes research in Environment through the Objectives awards of National Fellowships and chairs to the outstanding Scientists. These fellowship – To generate information and knowledge awards include Pitambar Pant National required for developing strategies, Environment Fellowship Award in techniques and methodologies for better Environmental Science and Dr. B.P. Pal environmental management. National Environment Fellowship Award for – To find practical solutions to problems of Biodiversity, National Environmental Sciences environment protection and management Fellows Programme and Mahatma Gandhi (eg. Eco-regeneration of degraded areas, Chair. The details of these fellowships are management of plastic wastes, given in the relevant chapter. bioremediation of contaminated sites etc.). Programme-wise Progress and – To build endogenous capacities and Activities strengthen scientific manpower in multidisciplinary and emerging areas of Environment Research Programme environment and ecology. (ERP) – To promote development of infrastructure Environment Research Programme (ERP) facilities, where necessary, for undertaking deals with problems related to pollution and Environmental Research. development of suitable cost effective – To generate, document and analyze technologies for abatement of pollution. information for taking policy decisions Emphasis is laid on development of eco- relating to environment and natural friendly biological and other interventions for

178 Annual Report 2011-2012 prevention, abatement of pollution and basis to solve the practical problems of development of strategies, technologies and resource management. The programme also instruments etc. for control of pollution. Projects seeks to provide a scientific knowledge and are also encouraged for development of trained personnel needed to manage the biodegradable plastics, to carryout natural resources in a rational and sustainable epidemiological studies, strategies to reduce manner. Ecosystem studies become even more impact of mining, chemical pollution of soils, important as the Earth’s environmental and hazardous substances including pesticides, ecosystems are increasingly being affected at heavy metals etc. Projects related to waste all levels. Ecological understanding and recycling and resource recovery from waste research in this area offer tangible hope for along with the development of eco-friendly addressing extremely complex and potentially and cleaner technologies are given priority. devastating assaults on local, regional and The projects are supported in the identified global ecosystems. Under the scheme, thrust area of environment research. emphasis is laid on multi-disciplinary aspects Under the Thematic Group ‘Prevention, of environmental conservation with emphasis Abatement and Control of Pollution’, three on eco-system approach consistent with the Programmes/Schemes are covered namely (i) identified thrust areas and orientation. 7 Environment Research Programme (ii) National During the year under Ecosystem Research River Conservation and (iii) Climate Change/ Scheme five new projects were initiated Clean Technologies. During the financial year (Annexure-III) and 23 projects were reviewed. seven meetings of the Thematic Expert Group Eastern and Western Ghats Research were held to consider the new/revised/ Programme (E&WGRP) comments received on new proposals & to review/monitor the ongoing/completed The Eastern and Western Ghats Research projects. Total 149 proposals were considered Programme addresses itself to location-specific by the Expert Group of which seventeen were problems of resource management in the recommended. Progress of 68 ongoing projects Eastern and Western Ghats regions of the were reviewed and monitored, and on 66 country. Under this programme, studies relating proposals comments were received and to Bio-diversity, land use, impact of considered during the year. Eleven new projects developmental activities etc. are taken up to have been sanctioned during the period restore the environmental quality of the region. (Annexure -III). The Expert Group also reviewed During the year under E&WGRP four the Final Technical Report (FTR) of completed new project was initiated (Annexure-III), one projects during the period (Annexure-IV). study was completed (Annexure-IV) and 10 Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS) projects were reviewed. Ecosystem Research Scheme is an inter- Thematic Group on ‘Economic & disciplinary programme of research, which Social Issues relating to Environment’ emphasizes ecological approach for studying The Thematic Expert Group ‘Economic & the relationship between man and environment. Social Issues relating to Environment’ would The objective of the programme is to develop consider all proposals related to Cost Benefit a basis within the field of natural and social Analysis, Socio-economic, policy related issues sciences for rational use and conservation of and other miscellaneous issues. During the resources for general improvement of the year one new project was initiated, one study relationship between man and his environment. was completed and 10 projects were The programme seeks to provide a scientific reviewed.

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During the year 2011-12 one meeting address new and emerging environmental was organized under the Thematic Expert challenges. The revised Guidelines also provide Group on ‘Economic & Social Issues relating a framework to make research in the areas to Environment’. Two ongoing projects were of environment and ecology more productive reviewed, 15 new / revised projects were by emphasizing on outputs and outcomes. considered and one project was recommended for funding. State of the Art Report on Bioremediation of Contaminated sites New Institutions - National in India Environment Protection Training & Research Institute (NEPTRI) The Ministry had commissioned a ‘State of the Art Report on Bioremediation of The proposal for conversion of existing Contaminated sites in India’, which has been Environmental Protection Training and prepared by Professor M.N.V. Prasad, Research Institute (EPTRI), Hyderabad into a Department of Plant Science, University of National level institute to be named as Hyderabad. The report has been published National Environment Protection Training and and was released by the then Hon’ble MoS Research Institute (NEPTRI) as Joint venture (I/C) Shri Jairam Ramesh. The State of the Art between Government of India and Government Report has been put on the Ministry’s website of Andhra Pradesh is under active for wider dissemination. consideration. The in-principle approval of Planning Commission has been obtained Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel subject to certain conditions. The Detailed (WGEEP) Project Report (DPR) for the upgradation of The Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel EPTRI to NEPTRI has been prepared and (WGEEP) under the Chairmanship of Prof memo for Standing Finance Committee (SFC) Madhav Gadgil was constituted by the for the same is under consideration. Ministry with the main objectives of Identification of New Thrust / Priority identification and management of ecologically Areas and New Initiatives under R&D sensitive areas in the Western Ghats and to Scheme recommend measures for conservation, Revision of Guidelines for Support to protection and rejuvenation of the Western Environmental Research Ghats region following a comprehensive consultation process with the people and the The proposed revised “Guidelines for government. The Panel also was to recommend Support to Environmental Research” inter the modalities for the establishment of Western alia, provide details on type of research Ghats Ecology Authority under Environment projects which would be sponsored by the (Protection) Act, 1986. The Panel has Ministry, broad thrust areas of research, submitted its report to the Ministry. eligibility criteria, scope and coverage of research grants, criteria for selection of Financial Progress for Year 2011-12 projects, concept of public private partnership The total allocation for R&D Scheme in R&D projects, procedure for invitation, during 2011-12 is 10.0 crores. The entire submission, appraisal, monitoring and review amount would be utilized for ongoing and of research project alongwith norms of funding. new projects based on the recommendations The Guidelines also include the terms and conditions governing research grants. of the Thematic Expert Groups. Funds have also been utilized for final settlement of The guidelines aim to provide scientific accounts for completed projects during current impetus to the R&D efforts of the Ministry and financial year 2011-12, in addition to the

180 Annual Report 2011-2012 ongoing programmes in the area of Research carried out with maize and rice cropped in Environment under the R&D scheme. lysimeter to demonstrate effect of application of soil amendment and later addition of Summaries / Research findings of microbial consortia culture on residue level of some of the Projects completed chlorpyrifos and lindane pesticides in the during the year 2010-11. percolated water, surface and subsurface soil Ecology of Plant Galls in the and also in the crop. Forests of Eastern and Western Ghats It was found that a microbial consortia of Tamil Nadu (FTR) by Dr. S. of Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. was Amerjothy, Deptt. of Plant Biology and effective in degradation of chlorpyrifos. Plant Biotechnology, Presidency Similarly a microbial consortium of Gordonia College, Chennai- 600 005. spp. was effective in degradation of lindane. Eleven forest areas were explored during Development of luminescence based a period of two years. During this period, Biosensors for the detection of about 127 galls were recorded among which mercury ions in water bodies by Dr. 27 galls turned to be new records. The gall Arif Ali, Department of Biosciences bearing plant species were 104 belonging to Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia 72 genera and 50 families. Among the 7 Millia Islamia, Maulana Mohammed species recorded, two belong to pteriodphytes Ali Jauhar Marg, New Delhi-110025, and one Gymnosperm. Delhi. The survey provided many exciting results Present work was conceded to construct and many of the results were of high the sensitive bacterial biosensor by selecting contributory values in the area of plant galls highly mercury resistance E. coli strains and gall insects ecology, pharmaceutical regulatory gene fused with promoter less lux values, industrial applications and academic genes, which evaluates the real time data of vistas. The floristic composition of shola inorganic mercury in polluted and non forests is highly complex and their vegetational polluted water bodies without labour- intensive profile is also very high. Because of highly and less time consuming sample preparations. conducive ecological factors, the shola forests harbour dense and rich plant species on The data generated in this research which quite a large number of phytophagous demonstrates that the biosensor is potentially insects, especially gall inciting organisms, useful for the evaluation of environmental rely for their food and shelter. water samples and pollution management. It has also been proposed that the biosensors Pesticide degradation using cultural developed in this study should be used as a and biological tools to minimize first line of detection for the presence of ground water pollution by Dr. Anjana mercury pollution in water and wastewater. Srivastava, Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Science & Controlled catalytic systems: A Viable Humanaties, G.B. Pant University of option for development of cleaner Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar chemical process by Dr. Subratnath -263145, Uttarakhand. Koner, Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata- Soil microflora from agricultural fields 700032, West Bengal. where chlorpyrifos and lindane pesticides regularly used were screened and isolated for In this project quite a few heterogeneous their specific in vitro capacity to degrade the catalysts have been successfully prepared that selected pesticides. A pilot study was also catalyzed industrially important reactions

181 Ministry of Environment & Forests according to plan. Catalysts have Technical & Financial Sub-Committee to demonstrated desired product selectivity in scrutinize/review all the proposals submitted catalytic reactions. As the reaction is for funding under NNRMS scheme from the undergone in heterogeneous condition the technical and financial angle. The NNRMS catalysts can be recovered and recycled SC-B considers only those proposals many times without any loss of catalytic recommended by the Technical and Financial activity. No leaching of metal was observed Sub-Committee and approves them for funding. during reaction. Therefore, the process is Achievements during the 2011-12 energy saving (as these are catalytic), atom efficient, produce less amount of waste and – Organised One Meeting of Technical economical. Nevertheless, the project has and Financial Sub–Committee of the enriched the knowledge-base of viable National Natural Resource Management industrially important catalytic processes System on Bio-resources and Environment (NNRMS SC-B) during the year 2011-12 National Natural Resource and considered nine (9) new / revised Management System (NNRMS) projects out of these three were reviewed The scheme National Natural Resources and five Final Technical Report (FTR) Management System (NNRMS) of the Ministry were accepted of the completed projects is a part of an umbrella scheme of the (Annexure-IV). Planning Commission – Planning Committee – A project on using digital IRS LISS III – National Natural Resources Management data of post and pre- seasons System (PC-NNRMS) which involves utilization (2006-07), for National Wetland of remote sensing technology for accurate Inventory and Assessment at 1:50,000 inventory of resources such as land, water, scale has been completed. The work forests, minerals, oceans, etc. and to utilize involved preparation of State-wise wetland this information for monitoring changes in atlases, creation of digital database in ecological system. A Standing Committee on GIS environment, development of query Bio-resources and Environment (SC-B) has shell for information retrieval. The been constituted by the Planning Commission information generated under this project under the Chairmanship of Secy. (E&F) with would be very useful to the ministry for the following objectives: conservation and management of – Optimal utilization of country’s natural wetlands. This is the first time, such resources by a proper and systematic atlases have been prepared on the basis inventory of resource availability. of satellite imagery, in a systematic – Reducing regional imbalances by effective manner. The maps categorizes wetlands planning and in tune with the into 19 different classes, and are being environmental efforts made available at a 1:50,000 scale – Maintaining the ecological balance with resolution. a view to evolve and implement the – A national project on ‘Snow and Glacier environmental guidelines. Studies’ executed by the Space The Standing Committee on Bio-resources Application Centre in collaboration with and Environment (SC-B) advises on the methods 14 research organizations and academic of using the remote sensing technology for institutions of the country sponsored by optimal use and management of natural the Ministry has been completed. Snow resources in the country. In order to streamline cover for the entire Indian Himalaya has the projects the SC-B has constituted a been monitored for four consecutive years

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starting from 2004-05. Inventory of the resources having “Incomparable Values” which glaciers carried out on 1:50,000 scale require special attention for their conservation. reveals the total no. of glaciers to be The Ministry has already notified Ecologically– 32,392 with a total glaciated area of sensitive areas in respect of , 71,182 Sq. Kms. More than two Mahableshwar-, Murud-Janjira, thousand glaciers have been monitored Mount Abu, Sultanpur and Dahanu Taluka to study the advances/ retreat of their under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. extent. Glacier mass balance based on The Zonal Master Plan / Area Development accumulation area ratio method has Plan for all the notified / to be notified also been studied. environmentally sensitive areas would be – National Wetland Information System prepared by the concerned State Governments and National Coastal Zone Information as per the provisions of the said respective System in GIS Platform has been notifications involving local communities / developed and is being extensively used experts and shall be approved by the Ministry in implementation of wetland and CRZ for regulating development activities and notifications. protection and conservation of Entities of – A GIS based Decision Support System Incomparable Values. Monitoring Committees with representatives of Government, Experts 7 for Snow and Glaciers has been developed by SAC, Ahmedabad. and local representatives as per the notifications would be constituted to ensure – A National Workshop on GIS has been compliance of approved Zonal Master Plans organized by the Planning Commission / Area Development Plan. The achievements th to discuss on 14 September, 2011 to made during the year are as under:- discuss Geo-spatial data generated through various projects under NNRMS – The final notification published Scheme. In fact, the version 2.0 document – Dandi, Gujarat of National Geographic Information – Draft notifications published System (NGIS) depicts the importance of – , Haryana NNRMS as a data source for NGIS. The – Kalesar Wildlife Sanctuary, Haryana geo-spatial data generated/being – Khol Hi Raitan Wildlife Sanctuary, generated under SC-B of NNRMS would Haryana become a valuable source for NGIS. – Bir Shikargarh Wildlife Sanctuary, – The progress of the NNRMS Schemes is Haryana being reviewed annually by the PC- – , Haryana NNRMS under the Chairmanship of – Chhilchhila Wildlife Sanctuary, Member (Science), Planning Commission. Haryana The last review meeting was held on 18th – Abubshaher Wildlife Sanctuary, July 2011 in New Delhi. The Ministry Haryana made a presentation on Achievement – Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary, and Thrust Areas of SC-B in the said Haryana meeting. The PC-NNRMS has viewed – Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary, the progress of NNRMS SC-B scheme Haryana very encouraging. – Vasada National Park, Gujarat Ecologically Sensitive Areas – Girnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat – Narayan Sarovar Sanctuary, Gujarat Environmentally Sensitive Zones may be defined as areas with identified environmental – Marine National Park and Marine Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat

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mandate through the Headquarters located at Kosi-Katarmal, Almora (Uttarakhand), and four regional Units located at Mohal - Kullu (Himachal Pradesh), Srinagar-Garhwal (Uttarakhand), Pangthang (Sikkim) and Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh). The Institute designs and implements R&D activities on priority environmental problems; develops and demonstrates best practices and delivers technology Fig-53. Shrubby vegetation near Leh, Jammu & Kashmir packages for improved livelihood options for the – Purna Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat people of IHR. The identified thematic – , Karnataka categories for Institute R&D activities include: – One hundred thirty five k.m. stretch (1) Watershed Processes and Management (WPM), (2) Biodiversity Conservation and of river Bhaghirathi from Gaumukh Management (BCM), (3) Environmental to Uttarkashi as Eco-sensitive zone Assessment and Management (EAM), (4) in Uttarakhand Socio-economic Development (SED), (5) – Proposal under consideration: Biotechnological Applications (BTA), and (6) – Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, Knowledge Products and Capacity Building Gujarat (KCB). The projects sites, spread over different – Marine National Park and Marine parts of IHR, have been selected carefully Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat keeping in view the biophysical heterogeneity – Balaram-Ambaji Wildlife Sanctuary, and location-specific needs of the inhabitants. Gujarat All activities are need-based, target-oriented and time-bound. Research, demonstration G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan and dissemination are underlying elements of Environment and Development, Kosi- all project activities geared towards Katarmal, Almora development of environment-friendly technology Introduction packages. In addition GBPIHED also provides G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan guidelines with policy implications. Environment and Development (GBPIHED) Objectives was established in August 1988 by the The Institute has three broad objectives: Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, as an autonomous – To undertake in-depth research and Institute, with a mandate of achieving development studies on environmental sustainable development and environmental problems of the Indian Himalayan Region; conservation in the Indian Himalayan Region – To identify and strengthen the local (IHR). The Institute attempts to execute its knowledge of the environment and

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contribute towards strengthening Nepal under the Themes Mountain People researches of regional relevance; and and Forests- Dependence and – To evolve and demonstrate suitable Responsibilities; and Forest Fire-causes. technology packages and delivery systems – Under the project ‘Kailash Sacred for sustainable development of the region Landscape Conservation Initiative: in harmony with local perceptions. Developing a Transboundary Framework Progress/Achievements made during for Conservation and Sustainable the year Development in the Greater Mt. Kailash Region of China, India, and Nepal’ The achievements with wide range attempts are being mode to initiate and implications include the following: promote transboundary biodiversity and – To mark International Year of Forests- cultural conservation, ecosystem 2011, the Institute organized a Brain management, sustainable development, Storming Session on Forests focused on and climate change adaptation within “Emerging Issues in Forestry Research in the Kailash Sacred Landscape (KSL). A the Himalayan Mountains”, and a Brain Feasibility Assessment Report, Storming Workshop entitled Conservation Strategy document, and “Quantification and Valuation of Forest Comprehensive Environmental Monitoring 7 Ecosystem Services: Focus on Nanda Plan have been prepared. Expert Devi Biosphere Reserve” (12-14th consultation and Yatras (Landscape November, 2010). Journeys) have been conducted to deepen – Global World Environment Day (G-WED) the understanding and reflection on larger was celebrated under the theme “Forests: public opinion regarding the proposed Nature at your service”; Institute through activities of the programme. As an its HQs and four regional units organized outcome, a five year plan for month-long celebrations by way of several implementation phase is being developed. activities, e.g., a day with the Students- Research and Development Awareness building program for school Achievements children; Jaiv-Vividhta Sanrakshan Avum Paryavaran Siksha Yatra; Himalayan Group 2: Watershed Processes and Green School Award-Contribution Management (WPM) & Knowledge towards mitigation of climate change; Products and Capacity Building (KCB) Hima-Paryavaran Mitra Krishak Award; Watershed Process and Management Green March for Environmental (WPM) and Knowledge Products and Awareness; Various competitions, e.g., Capacity Building (KCB) are two major painting, poster, essay writing & cultural thematic thrusts of this group. Through its programmes; Compilation of folk songs WPM theme, group focuses on studies of in local languages, from IHR, in ecosystem processes operational at the appreciation of nature, forests & the watershed level, including the involvement of environment for creating awareness all user groups and upstream-downstream across the IHR (May 5th- June 5th, 2011). linkages, with an overall aim of strengthening – A Children’s Expression and Discussion of mountain specific resource management Session under the “Voice of the Children” practices using a systems approach. The KCB program was organized across the IHR theme conducts activities that lead to as a part of WED celebrations in enhancement of Institutional outreach, based collaboration with ICIMOD, Kathmandu- on its research products such as state-of-the

185 Ministry of Environment & Forests art methodologies/approaches, models, – By analyzing leaf energy of 20 policy briefs, etc. Achievements of this group multipurpose trees under the ecorestoration include: programme revealed that most of the – In order to assess the hydrological energy absorbed by the responses in Kosi watershed, water ‘undertemperature’ plants was lost from demand forecast show that at low the leaves by re-radiation and transpiration consumption rates (40LPCD) demand whereas in ‘overtemperature’ plants the will increase from 4.96 to 6.3 MLD by absorbed energy was lost from the leaves the year 2030. At medium consumption by re-radiation, transpiration and (51 LPCD) demand will increase from convection of heat; the results obtained 6.32 to 7.95 MLD by 2030. Low on total leaf energy absorption revealed demand satisfaction indicates conservative lowest amount of energy absorption by use of water whereas high demand the leaves of Aesculus indica whereas the satisfaction indicates high use of water leaves of Ficus roxburghii absorbed with improved socio-economic condition. highest amount of energy. The flow duration curve of Kosi for water – Assessment of the energy demand and in 2009-10 is indicative of the changing environmental perception on impact of flow pattern during the year. A large part firewood collection from forests indicated of the year falls under dry weather and that most of the villagers (82.2% of the low flow conditions. Only about 10% total respondents) were aware that some time during the year the high flow reason(s) exists which is responsible for conditions are observed. For almost 60% the phenomenon of no recruitment of of the time the river flow is sustained by seedlings in the forest. Only 17.8% the base flow (Fig-54). The river flow at respondents were not able to connect present demand level can supply for any reason/factor for this (share of nearly 290 days in a year. The rise in women was higher than the man, Table- demand by 2030 is expected to further 42). The nodal agency for renewable increase the water shortage for nearly energy, UREDA, in Uttarakhand has 145 days in a normal rainfall year. initiated Microhydel Projects (3.115

Fig-54. Flow duration curve for Upper Kosi Watershed.

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Table-40. Distribution of villagers according to their attributes and perceived factors for no recruitment of seedlings in the forest Sl. Category/Class Perceived Factors (% Respondents)

No Climatic Fire Management Anthro. No Idea Activity

1 Total Respondents (%) 17.8 32.1 17.8 42.8 17.8 2 Male 100.0 77.7 80.0 16.6 40.0 3 Female 0.0 22.3 20.0 83.3 60.0 4 Education Level a College 40.0 33.4 40.0 - - b Below College 60.0 55.5 40.0 75.0 60.0 c No formal Education - 11.1 20.0 25.0 40.0 5 Employment a Service 20.0 12.5 20.0 - 20.0 b Self Employed 60.0 33.3 40.0 - 20.0 7 c No Commercial Activity 20.0 55.5 40.0 100.0 60.0 6 Economic BPL 40.0 22.2 20.0 25.0 40.0

MW) based approach. The proposed Results suggest that a few medicinal project activity involves construction and plants of different species within the same operation of 29 Microhydel projects in genus may have common the state of Uttarakhand. phytochemicals; for example, Eugenol – Under the indigenous knowledge system, was found both in Ocimum sanctum and phytochemicals of 67 medicinal plants O. americanum and contain same (MPs) used by the traditional vaidyas in insecticidal properties. Similarly two Upper Alaknanda valley has been species of genus Ficus (F. religiosa & F. documented from published sources. Of racemosa) contain saponins. the total 102 therapeutic properties and – In order to develop analytical models associated active principles, antimicrobial through establishment of modeling & therapeutic property was conferred by statistical computing laboratory, weather maximum number of 14 MPs (Cuscuta data of North West Himalaya were reflexa, Psidium guajava, Origanum analyzed for the last century (1901- vulgare, Ajuga parviflora, Solanum 2001). Results revealed increasing trends nigrum, Ficus religiosa, Ricinus communis, in temperature at different rates (Fig.55). Emblica officinalis, Terminalia bellirica, A significant increase in winter Matricaria camomillia, Foeniculum temperature (both max & min) in J&K and vulgare, Butea monosperma, Mimosa UK, but decrease in HP was noticed; a pudica & Triticum aestivum), followed by significantly increasing trend in maximum anti-inflammatory property which was temperature during monsoon was observed found in 13 MPs, antioxidant property in in all the three states. Overall significant 12 MPs, anticancer property in 11 MPs, decrease in precipitation in J&K and UK; antibacterial property in 10 MPs and declining but not significant in HP; antifungal therapeutic property in 7 MPs. significantly declining trends of monsoon

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and Management (EAM) targeting on activities such as hill specific Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), valuation of ecosystem services, climate change impacts, disaster mitigation and management, and environmental management of urban areas, etc. The highlights of the R&D work include: – To address the issue of shifting Fig-55. Rate of change in temperature in North-West Himalaya agriculture in North East Himalaya, during past century (1901-2001). physiography and the nature of slope in Ziro valley, Arunachal Pradesh was studied precipitation in all three states; increase and found that both of these appear to in winter precipitation in UK & HP; be the determining factors for the overall decrease in J&K have been observed. practice of settled agriculture and non- – In order to quantify the available water practice of shifting agriculture by the resource in microwatersheds of Garhwal Apatani tribal community (Fig-56). It was region and assessment of water availability recorded that shifting agriculturists are during the lean and surplus periods, adopting to terrace cultivation, and study was carried out through flow cultivated jhum plots are found to be duration curve analysis in some springs. reducing (from 1990-2010) as they are Assessment of water availability indicate being transformed to terracing, that additional storage structures should be constructed to tap the surplus water available during the monsoon period to cope with the seasonal water scarcity in the high mountain basins of Himalaya. Group 2: Socio Economic Development (SED) & Environmental Assessment and Management (EAM) The group includes two themes: (i) Socio Economic Development (SED) which focuses on activities, such as livelihood enhancement, sustainable tourism, entrepreneurship and self employment, indigenous knowledge, and socio-economic and cultural implications, migration, etc; and (ii) Environmental Assessment Fig-56. Nature of slope in Ziro valley (encircled by blue boundary) and neighbouring area

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development of horticulture, secondary – An attempt was made to link biodiversity forests and bamboo forests. In nine conservation with sustainable villages surveyed during the reporting development of Arunachal Pradesh, and period, the number of cultivated jhum community driven conservation practices plots were found to reduce from 365 in of floral and faunal diversity have been 1990 to 170 in 2010. documented. For example, in Zimithang – To scale up innovative resource region, the whole mountain of the management practices for improved Shockeng Gompa is considered sacred livelihoods in central Himalayan region, prohibiting use of any plant species, base line survey for adoption/adaptation including, Rhododendrons, which is used of different options for improved as NTFP elsewhere. Daphne papyracea livelihoods and management of natural is another plant species, which is resources has been completed in 56 traditionally used by Monpas for making villages covering 394 households. hand paper for printing and writing Preliminary results suggest that the farming scripts in monasteries. Also, man - animal system, as a whole, is under stress due conflict was identified which included to uncertainty of weather conditions, crop raiding and retaliatory killing of scarcity of water, sectoral approach of carnivores for live stock depredation. 7 the developmental activities, weak About 40 species of mammals belonging backstopping, and unstructured to 8 orders, 18 families and 34 genera monitoring and evaluation system. Overall in the study area have been recorded. improvement on livelihoods of the people About 13 animal species were reported during the period has been realized by to be in direct conflict with human the stakeholders; however, it has impacted population. Asiatic Black Bear (Ursus adversely on the status of natural resources thibetanus) was reported to possess its and overall farming system of this region. unique ability to raid crop and depredate Adoption scenario clearly indicates that livestock. Conflict intensity as per the the farmer is a selective taker and adopts local perception was high for 5 species a very few out of a long list of options (38%) while 4 species (31%) showed provided under different programmes moderate intensity of conflict with man (Table-41). and, therefore needs proper attention

Table-41. On-farm livelihood options: adoption/adaptation during the reporting period

Major Livelihood options Demonstrations Adoption/Adaptation Villages No. of house holds Off season vegetable cultivation - 07 11 Improved grasses - 09 36 Integrated fish farming - 10 16 Water harvesting & storage 03 03 19 Soil/ water conservation 02 02 05 Farmer’s nursery - 01 02 Composting - 05 18 Cash crop cultivation Facilitation 09 18 Horticulture Facilitation 02 09

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before they become a threat. Another 4 – Studies on urbanization vis-à-vis solid species (31%) showed low intensity of waste management and air pollution conflict with man. Dhole (Cuon alpinus) carried out in the six towns of Himachal have the highest conflict intensity (76.7%) Pradesh showed a range from 64.7% of all the cases. Snow leopard (Unicia biodegradable waste [42.2% readily unicia) showed moderate intensity (21%) biodegradable waste (RBW) + 22.5% while Asiatic Black bear had the lowest biodegradable waste (BW)] in Keylong intensity (0.3%). to 78.3% (RBW 53.7 %+ BW 24.6%) in Mandi. Based on existing waste – To investigate soil formation, soil fertility, composition, bio-composting for soil and water conservation, hydrological biodegradable waste (RBW+BW), reuse, experiments were conducted in two forest decorative reuse, and recycling for non types during August – September (total biodegradable waste (NBW) were major rainfall of 22 events= 396 mm; average SWM options. rainfall intensity= 2.51 mm/hr). Only 13 – In order to assess the gaseous exchange, rainfall-runoff events (rainfall= 298.2 mm) a study was carried out at Himachal were considered that could be collected Pradesh. The mean concentration of in the runoff collectors, rest (9) were over PM was recorded highest with flow events due to heavy rains and thus 10 40.3±4.4 µg m-3 at Hamirpur followed were not considered for the analysis. by 35.2±2.7 µg m-3 and 24.6±2.3 µg The t- test value was significantly different m-3 at Chamba and Kangra, respectively (95% significant level) for both soil loss (Table 4). These values were found (t=2.73) and runoff (t= 2.80) among within the prescribed limit (i.e. 100 µg Oak and Pine forests. Soil physico- m-3) set by the Central Pollution Control chemical characteristics of Oak and Pine Board (CPCB) at all the sites. Due to forests across the three depths (cm) were washout effect during the initial sampling analyzed. Soil water holding capacity, days, lesser amount of PM10 was present organic carbon and nitrogen was found in all sites. On diurnal basis, highest significantly higher in Oak forests as concentration of PM10 was found compared to Pine forests (t - value between 16-0 h (IST) followed by 8-16 significant at 95%) and values for these h and lowest between 0-8 h at all the three parameters declined significantly sites, except at Chamba. The values at with increasing soil depth. Chamba remained highest between 8- – Under the strategic environmental 16 h followed by 16-0 h and lowest assessment (SEA) land use statistics of the between 0-8 h. The high concentration Satluj catchments a buffer zone of 10 of PM10 from morning 8 h to midnight km either of the River Satluj was was due to day time anthropogenic demarcated. This area lies from northeast activities in the towns. On diurnal basis, to southwest from Nathapa village the concentration of SO2 remained (Kinnaur district) to Bilaspur town (Bilaspur highest between 16-0 h at Kangra and district). The total length of River Satluj Chamba, while at Hamirpur it was included under present analysis is 165 found highest between 8-16 h. Moreover, km. Based on estimation of stream orders, NO2 remained highest between 16 h to 636 streams were identified in the 1st midnight at all the sampling sites. In nd rd order, 178 in 2 order, 43 in 3 order, case of NH3, different time periods for 7 in 4th order and 1 stream in 5th order. highest concentration were noted.

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Group 3: Biodiversity Conservation structure and recruitment showed 51 tree and Management (BCM) & and 30 shrub species. The total species Biotechnological Applications (BTA) significantly declined (r = -0.874; The group includes two thematic areas p<0.01) along increasing altitudes. (iv) (i) Biodiversity Conservation and Management In Tawang-Kameng BR a total of 311 (BCM), and (ii) Biotechnological Applications species of flowering plants including (BTA); the aim is to ensure long term endemic, primitive and ethnomedicinal conservation of sensitive Himalayan were recorded. Of these 11 species are biodiversity elements and improvement in the being overexploited and unsustainable rural economy of the Indian Himalayan harvesting of these species may threaten Region. Highlights of the R&D work carried their survival in natural habitat. out under this group are as follows: – In order to promote sustainable utilization of high value plants phytochemical – Response assessment survey at Nanda investigation on Myrica esculenta fruits Devi Biosphere Reserves (NDBR), has been investigated. Results revealed a Uttarakhand, Nargu Wildlife Sanctuary significant negative correlation of catechin (NWLS), Himachal Pradesh, (r=-0.778; P<0.05) with altitude. Khangchendzonga Biosphere Reserve Correlation matrix revealed that total 7 (KBR), Sikkim and Tawang-West Kameng phenolic and flavonoid contents has Biosphere Reserve (proposed), Arunachal significant (p<0.05) positive impact on Pradesh revealed the following: (i) In antioxidant activity (Table-44). Linear NDBR, the relative contribution of species regression analysis showed that phenolic richness showed no changes in all three contents contribute 46.3 to 47.6% of layers and remarkable changes in total radical scavenging property (r2 = 0.463 tree density, seedlings; increase in for DPPH and r2 = 0.476 for ABTS) and seedlings from 81.7% (1988-89) to 56.6% of reducing property (r2=0.566). 94.6% (2008-09) was observed. (ii) In Similarly, flavonoids contribute 55.4% to NWLS, 10 forest tree communities were 70.9% radical scavenging property (r2 identified from 23 sites. Total tree density = 0.554 for ABTS and r2 = 0.709 for -1 ranged from 210.0-600.0 Ind ha and DPPH) and 47.8% of reducing property 2 -1 total basal area from 1.9-60.7 m ha . (r2 = 0.478). Shrubs density ranged from 450.0- – The enumeration of microbial communities 3390.0 Ind ha-1, herbs density from with particular reference to water quality 44.8-156.8 Ind m-2 saplings density from , of river Jataganga (District Almora, 50-450 Ind ha-1 and seedlings density Uttarakhand), as influenced by the from 110-1060 Ind ha-1 Species richness . anthropogenic activities and seasonal ranged from 43-111; it was highest in changes has been completed. Water Quercus leucotrichophora community, samples, collected from five different followed by Quercus semecarpifolia and sites, experiencing different anthropogenic Cedrus deodara communities. Species pressures, have been analysed for total diversity index (H’) for trees ranged from viable counts and the biological 0.26-1.72, saplings from 0.26-1.70, indicators, in four seasons, at two seedlings from 0.17-1.84, shrubs from temperatures. Isolation of microorganisms 1.07-2.8 and herbs from 2.70-3.60. (iii) was conducted following standard In KBR, investigation made in eight high procedures- Most Probable Number, and altitude sites, to cover analysis of entire Standard Plate Count methods. The transects (total 15 sites), for woody

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Table-42. Correlation matrix between altitude, total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity measured by different assays in selected populations of Myrica esculenta (n= 9)

r value a Altitude Total Flavonoids ABTS DPPH FRAP phenols

Altitude 1 Total phenols -0.360 1 Flavonoids 0.004 0.771* 1 ABTS 0.057 0.691* 0.744* 1 DPPH 0.176 0.68* 0.843** 0.878** 1 FRAP -0.132 0.753* 0.691* 0.949** 0.856** 1 Gallic acid -0.165 0.057 0.078 0.017 0.264 0.078 Catechin -0.778* 0.256 0.036 -0.215 0.130 0.036 Chlorogenic acid -0.379 -0.404 -0.293 -0.371 -0.188 -0.293 ñ-Coumaric acid -0.101 0.019 0.078 0.017 0.264 0.078 a - Correlation coefficient, Level of significance: *P<0.05; ** P<0.01

phenotypic and genotypic (AM) medium containing growth characterization of pure cultures are regulators and antioxidants. under progress. The isolates are being Application of R & D Outputs in classified as coliforms, non coliforms, Demonstration and Dissemination: biological indicators, and soil microorganisms. Selected cultures of Capacity building through Rural bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi have Technology Center (RTC) been accessioned by MTCC, IMTECH, – The participatory action Research and Chandigarh; ITCC, IARI, New Delhi and Training Centers (RTCs) at Triyuginarayan Agarkar Institute, Pune. The gene and Kosi got wide popularity and played sequences of the important isolates have a catalytic role in capacity building of been accessioned by NCBI. the user groups on various rural – Mass scale propagation for conservation technologies either introduced or of endangered Rhododendron maddeni developed by the Institute. A total of 22 and R. dalhousiae using existing protocol training and awareness programmes were has been developed. Large number of conducted for different user groups at plants have been successfully produced different RTCs (farmers/officials selected and transferred to the field. More than by the Govt. and non - govt. organizations, five hundred tissue culture raised R. farmers selected by the Institute maddeni are currently being maintained programmers and students, etc. of which in net house conditions and are ready for 21% training/awareness programmes field plantation. Also, a micropropagation were State Biotechnology Department, method was developed for R. griffithianum 21% NGOs, 20% Watershed from the cotyledonary nodal segments of Management, 11% belonged to student 7-week-old seedlings. Multiple shoots groups, 11% Institute programmes, and were initiated on modified Anderson 11% were sponsored by the Horticulture

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Table-43. Training organized for different user groups (April, 2010 – March, 2011)

Users Total Male Female Farmers selected by Govt. organizations 381 300+50 81+75 Farmers selected by NGOs 605 273 332 Institute programme 31 19+20 12+25 Students 243 177 66 Total 1260 839 591 Districts covered 8 Villages covered 42 + 6 = 48

and other Government Departments and waste land has been developed in a 5% Livelihood Improvement programme. fodder bank at Maikhanda village. The A total of 1260 persons (Female, 591 results of assessment of total green fodder and Male, 839) covering 5 districts and collection showed highest for Shersi 7 42 villages in Uttarakhand were benefited village 84±6.23 kg/household/day, (Table-43). whereas it was lowest for the lower – Towards certification of the raw material altitude village of Maikhanda of medicinal plants grown by the farmers (64.4±3.60 kg/household/day; Table- and local producers of the area Quality 44). Assurance Laboratory has been – Under the demonstration programme, established. In the initial phase prioritized value addition and up-gradation of medicinal plants of Uttarakhand were traditional wild edible products for taken up for developing chemical profiles. sustainable livelihoods, appropriate – In order to strength the fodder resources, approaches & framework for capacity and for developing a pilot model for building & skill development in the area reducing drudgery of rural women in of bioprospecting and value addition of Kedarnath Valley, a total of 4.0 ha of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) were

Table-44. Quantity of green fodder collected from March-October in selected villages located at different altitudes of Kedarnath Valley, Uttarakhand

Village Number of Quantity Quantity Quantity Backload/HH/ Kg/HH/day Kg/HH/month Kg/HH/season Day

Tosi 2.38±0.10 83.52±3.63 2,505.68±108.86 20,045.46±870.88 Triyuginarayan 2.4±0.18 84±6.22 2,520±186.84 20,160±1,494.79 Shersi 2.3±0.15 84±6.23 2,522±187.85 20,167±1,496.82 Rampur 2.36±0.12 82.6±4.23 2,478±126.87 19,824±1,014.97 Sitapur 2.36±0.16 81.9±5.32 2,457±159.59 19,656±1,276.68 Maikhanda 1.84±0.10 64.4±3.60 1,932±108.10 15,456±864.83

*HH(Household)

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initiated. Strong linkages with networking – A small bioprospecting unit has been was developed with various institutions, established for demonstration and NGOs and line departments for wider processing of locally available popularization of the use of wild edibles. bioresources. So far more than 165 The package of practices was families in the 13 villages of upper Kedar disseminated for value addition of some valley in district Rudrapryag have made potential species such as Viburnum strategic interventions in respect of mullaha, Paeonea emodii and bioresource based products, and Rhododendron arborem to some of the enterprise development for enhancing local NGOs and few of them, e. g., local livelihood opportunities and creating Swaraj Swayat Sanstha (Masta, economic incentives for conservation. Guptakashi), Laxmi Fal Sanrakchan Avam – Three training programmes has been Kutir Udhyog (Agustyamuni), Mohil Fal organized through which 90 participants Sanrakchan (Silly,Agustyamuni) have were provided training and live started preparing and marketing various demonstration about value addition of products made out of these species. wild edibles and agri-crops. as a source R&D progress of GBPIHED

Prioritized R&D activities R&D Themes RESEARCH DEMONSTRATION DISSEMINATION • Land and water resources assessment, monitoring of • Capacity Environmental climate sensitive areas building/ skill Status • Dynamics studies of sensitive • Eco-Restoration development Assessment and biodiversity elements and Monitoring (species/habitats) conservation • Impact of development initiatives on natural systems • Resource-use surveys for rural planning • Documentation of IKS and database development • Arboretum, • Networking Environmental • Strengthening conservation of herbal gardens, Conservation priority areas/species multipleuse and • Eco-restoration of degraded garden and Management sites/areas Vriksh Vatika • Factors and processes for mountain hazard management • Microbial diversity, potential application & culture collections • Developmental • Resource management Livelihood options options/ interventions strategies/ plans • Propagation of economically • Publications important plants /do cumenta tion • IERP for IHR

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Table-45. The core competence / services available with the Institute

Competence Services Laboratory Analysis • Plant, soil, water and air quality • Village Environment Action Plan (VEAP) • Meteorological data analysis • Biochemical investigations on medicinal/ • Natural Resource Assessment & edible plants Management • Microbiological and biotechnological experimentation Capacity Building • Water Resource Conservation • Natural Resource Management • Nature protection and conservation • Biodiversity Characterization and education Monitoring • RS/GIS training • Training on low-cost rural technologies 7 • Documentation of IKS • Disaster management • Doctoral/Masters and Graduate level • Environmental Physiology and Plant dissertations Adaptation Consultancies • Water Resource Management –Catchment • Biotechnological and Microbiological Area Protection Applications • Hydropower - EIA/EMP • Project formulation on bioresources • Environmental Impact Assessment & • Watershed Management Strategies Environmental Management Plans • Environmental guidelines and monitoring plans for watershed management • Landscape planning for mountain risk • Wasteland Development/ Restoration engineering • Biodiversity assessment and Monitoring • Resource Mapping for Rural Planning and • Impact of agricultural diversification Management Other Services • Gene bank and identification of plants Institutional Networking • Supply of elite planting material of selected herbs & multi-purpose trees (MPTs) • Library & Information, and dissemination through books, journals, periodicals, etc.

of income for user groups/unemployed – On - site trainings and formal meetings youth of the region by making a variety were organized, covering over 30 of value added edible products such as villages, 4 Van Panchayats, 6 NGO Jam, squash, juice, sauce, pickle, etc. groups, and 400 farmers in Uttarakhand,

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Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim. Also, two training programme and live demonstrations were conducted in Garhwal region for value addition of wild edibles and agri-crops through production of a variety of local value added products, i.e. juice, squash, pickle, jam, sauce, etc. Similarly, a training program on formulation of district disaster management plan was conducted for senior to middle level officers of line departments of Govt. of Sikkim jointly Fig-57. Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve with National Institute of Disaster Management, New Delhi & Land research through need based planning, Revenue, and Disaster Management promoting, conducting and coordinating Department, Govt. of Sikkim. research, education and extension covering – Based on the participatory discussion, all aspects of forestry. The Council deals with training manuals on various technology the solution based forestry research in tune packages were prepared, and distributed with the emerging issues in the sector, including to the farmers and user groups. global concerns such as climate change, conservation of biological diversity, combating Throughout the year, the R&D findings of desertification and sustainable management the Institute were disseminated through and development of resources. Topical research publication of research papers in scientific by the Council enhances public confidence in journals and magazines, popular articles and the ability of forest managers and researchers books and through Institute publications: Pt. to successfully handle challenges related to G.B. Pant Memorial Lectures by eminent thinkers natural resource management. and scholars, Hima-Paryavaran (Biannual- Newsletter), ENVIS Bulletin, ENVIS Newsletter, Objectives Himalayan Biosphere Reserve Bulletin (Biannual) – To undertake, aid, promote and coordinate by Lead centre, and Annual Report. forestry education, research and Services applications thereof. – To develop and maintain a National Based on its competence gained over the Library and Information Centre for forestry years on different aspects of mountain-specific and allied sciences. environment and development issues the Institute – To act as a clearing-house for research is fully equipped to extend services in diverse and general information related to forests sectors; some of the areas are given in and wildlife. Table-47. – To develop forestry extension programmes Forestry Research and propagate the same through mass media, audio-visual aids and extension Indian Council of Forestry Research machinery. and Education (ICFRE), Dehradun – To provide consultancy services in the Indian Council of Forestry Research and field of forestry research, education and Education (ICFRE), an apex body in the allied sciences. national forestry research system, has been – To undertake other jobs considered undertaking the holistic development of forestry necessary to attain these objectives.

196 Annual Report 2011-2012

Institutes and Centres under the management, which is a judicious mixture of Council forestry, social, and management science. ICFRE has eight Regional Research The Institute constantly endeavours to keep in Institutes and four Research Centres located touch with the problems of people, especially in different bio-geographical regions of the the forest dwellers and undertakes need-based country to cater to the forestry research needs research. The Institute tries to serve as a of the nation. reservoir of knowledge in the area of forest management and ensures proper integration Research Institutes under the Council are of external and indigenous knowledge suitable – Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun to Indian context. – Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Research and Consultancy Breeding (IFGTB), Coimbatore – To generate information on field realities – Institute of Wood Science and Technology and derive meaningful interpretation (IWST), Bengaluru through systematic research. – Tropical Forest Research Institute (TFRI), Jabalpur – To offer consultancy services to the client – Rain Forest Research Institute (RFRI), Jorhat organizations based on the available – Arid Forest Research Institute (AFRI), expertise. 7 Jodhpur Research – Himalayan Forest Research Institute (HFRI), Shimla – Research being one of the key activities – Institute of Forest Productivity (IFP), Ranchi of the Institute, it actively undertook various research projects in diverse areas. Advanced Research Centres under IIFM completed seven research projects the Council are during the year, of which two were – Centre for Social Forestry and Eco- sponsored by IIFM and five were Rehabilitation (CSFER), Allahabad externally sponsored projects. Currently, – Centre for Forestry Research and Human there are 26 ongoing research projects Resource Development (CFRHRD), at IIFM. Chhindwara – Forest Research Centre (FRC), Hyderabad Centres of Excellence – Advanced Research Centre for Bamboo International Centre for Community and Rattans (ARCBR), Aizawl Forestry (ICCF) Forest Research Institute (FRI), The International Centre for Community Dehradun Forestry (ICCF) is functioning as a “Centre of Forest Research Institute (FRI), Dehradun Excellence” to cater to the growing need and is working on diversity in Ganoderma lucidum interest in Community Forestry initiatives. It in and collected more than 75 aims to promote community forestry initiatives specimens from Haryana, New Delhi, Punjab, and publications in the field of Joint Forest Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh for Management (JFM), Self-Initiated Forest conservation and utilization. Protection (SIFP) and other forms of community based forest management system. Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM), Bhopal The Centre began functioning actively in 2001, with fund support from the Sir Dorabji The Institute, as a sectoral management Tata Trust (SDTT), Mumbai. Later, it received institute, imparts education in forest many projects from various governments and

197 Ministry of Environment & Forests non government agencies through which the Center for Sustainable Forest Centre catered its other ongoing community Management & Forest Certification forestry projects. The Centre envisages (SFM & FC) programs implementation involving exchange Forest Certification has emerged as an of scientists, researchers and community forestry important market driven tool and a mechanism workers from India and other countries. for assessment and monitoring of forest and The Centre has been entrusted with a forest products. It is a process that leads to study under UNDP-GEF-MOEF project, to the issuing of a certificate by an independent suggest revised guidelines for JFM with a party, which verifies that an area of forest is focus on conservation and sustainable use of managed to a defined standard. medicinal plants. A series of consultative The center for SFM & FC represents IIFM workshops are scheduled to be conducted for as member in both the National Working this purpose. One such workshop was Group as well as the National Forest conducted in Delhi on 04th March, 2011. Certification Committee, constituted by Govt. The centre has prepared a training manual for of India. capacity building of BMC members in the state of Madhya Pradesh. One training The center is expected to generate the workshop for Bhopal, Raisen, Vidisha and pool of knowledge and understanding on the Rajgarh districts was conducted on 06th emerging field of Stainable Forest Management August, 2010 at IIFM, Bhopal. & Forest Certification for the benefit of forestry sector in the country. Center for Ecological Services Management (CESM) During the year 2010-11, one training- cum-workshop course for the officers of Indian The Centre for Ecological Services Forest Service was conducted. An IIFM Management (CESM) has been set up as an supported pilot study for developing standards interdisciplinary centre to address crucial for certification of NTFPs was also undertaken policy issues associated with the complex during the year. Details of the activities are relationship between ecological, social, provided in the concerned sections of the economic, legal and institutional aspects of report. ecosystem management. Several initiatives have been taken by organisations on the Center for Livelihood Management issues of environment and development in Centre for Livelihood Management’s south and south East Asia, but the number of mission is “Sustainable Livelihood Enhancement professional organisation working on the of Communities including Poor, Marginalised related issues on valuation and developing and Women”. The centre acts as a Resource markets and incentive based mechanism Centre for Stakeholders in the area of training, ecosystem services is very small. CESM research, documentation, consultancy, network specifically addressed this crucial gap and and advocacy activities. It provides a forum would undertake research, consultancy, for influencing the programmes and policies teaching, training activities as well as prepare related to livelihood. It also strives for data base on the values of ecosystem services, dissemination of technology and approaches develop and standardise techniques of which can sustain livelihood. The stakeholders valuation of ecosystem service and impact would include government officials studies of degradation. It also networks with implementing various development projects national and international organisations in the for livelihood enhancement, personnel from NRM Sector for promoting professional NGO and Civil Society organisations, exchange.

198 Annual Report 2011-2012 representatives of Panchyati Raj Institutions projects were completed during the year and Communities. whereas 14 projects are ongoing. During the year 2010-11 the Centre has Training undertaken two training programmes, one The Institute has been organizing short- research project and three workshops. term training courses, seminars and workshops Regional Center for National to transfer technical and managerial skills Afforestation and Eco-development being generated by faculty areas of the Board (RCNAEB) institute. The focus of these programmes is on evolving, analyzing and synthesizing various The Regional Centre for National management techniques/ tools, ideas and Afforestation and Eco-development Board, concepts relevant to the forestry and allied (RCNAEB), came into existence in year sector. During the year the institute conducted 1989 at the Institute. Since then the Centre 33 Management Development Programmes, has been working in the areas related to organised 23 workshops/seminars which afforestation and eco-development in the States include programmes conducted under of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Odisha externally funded projects like ICCF, ITTO as per the mandate contained in the and RCNAEB. Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed 7 between the National Afforestation and Eco- Consultancy development Board (NAEB), MoEF, GoI and The Institute completed two consultancy IIFM. assignments and eight more are in progress. The main focus area of this Regional Some of the client organizations for Centre is National Afforestation Programme consultancy assignments include Haryana (NAP) of MoEF, GOI which aims at supporting Forest Department; Tribal Welfare Department, and accelerating the ongoing process of Govt. of M.P.; M.P. State Employment devolving forest protection, management Guarantee Council, Department of Panchayat and development functions to institutions and Rural Development, Govt. of M.P.; M.P. of Joint Forest Management i.e. Joint Forest Forest Department; Department of SC/ST Management Committees (JFMCs) at the Welfare, Govt. of M.P.; Birla Corporation village level, and Forest Development Agencies Limited, Satna; Environmental Planning and (FDAs) at the forest division level. RCNAEB, Coordination Organisation (EPCO), Bhopal; Bhopal is supporting the JFMCs, which are the Andaman & Nicobar Forest Department, main organs of Joint Forest Management in Haddo, Port Blair; Himachal Pradesh Forest capacity building at the grassroots level. This Department, Shimla; Khadi and Village decentralised two-tier institutional structure Industries Commission, Mumbai, etc. (FDAs and JFMCs) allows greater participation of the community, both in planning and Publications implementation, to improve forests and The Institute continues to disseminate its livelihoods of the people living in and around research findings to the larger audience forest areas in addition to significantly through its own publications and also by empowering the local people in participating publication of research papers in reputed in the decision making process. journals, books and also by presentation of During the financial year 2010-11, the papers in national and international Centre has undertaken 12 training conferences. The faculty also participated programmes, five workshops and three and presented research papers in national awareness raising programmes. Eight research and international conferences.

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Other Activities & D works at the Institute is that lab scale The year 2010-2011 was marked by findings are upscaled to industrial level to significant progress in different areas of facilitate their adoption by the Industries. academic activities. The Students Council of Wildlife Research IIFM has also been very active during this Wildlife Institute of India (WII), year and organized number of academic as Dehradun well as extra-curricular events. Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute (IPIRTI), Bengaluru Established in 1962 as a co-operative research laboratory at the initiative of the Indian Plywood Industry with participation of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute (IPIRTI) is now an autonomous Research and Training Institute under the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Fig-58. Route map of WII Campus, Dehradun Government of India. From the inception, the Institute has been closely associated with Wildlife research at the Institute covers development of plywood and panel industry ecological, biological, socio-economic and in the country and also instrumental in the managerial aspects of wildlife conservation. growth, from its infant stage. The Institute is The research projects generate valuable an industry driven organization. Recognized scientific data, help evolve study techniques (since 1989) as a Scientific & Industrial relevant to the Indian ground condition, and Research Organization by the Government of also create a group of trained field biologists, India under the Department of Scientific and socio-economists and wildlife managers. The Industrial Research Scheme. scientific information generated is utilized for management of protected areas. Research The Institute is basically mandated to also enables the Institute’s faculty to keep carry out research and development, training abreast of the current field situations, and education, testing and standardization management needs and research trends in the and extension in the field of plywood and field and thus constantly enhance its panel product manufacturing. The professional skills and update its teaching multidisciplinary research projects based on inputs. The research agenda is decided and the problems identified by the industrial guided by the Training, Research Advisory representatives, Institute Scientists and other Committee (TRAC) comprising eminent similar interested organizations, are taken conservationists, academicians and up.This is the only Institute of its kind in the representatives of scientific organizations as country working for the plywood and panel well as state wildlife organizations, which industries. Due to expertise and credibility ensures that research conforms to the national established over many years, the Institute has conservation priorities. developed a strong relationship with the industry and well recognized for its contribution. As a During the reporting period, 16 research result, industry continues to support our research projects were completed and 40 research efforts. An important and unique aspect of R projects were ongoing in the Institute.

200 CHAPTER-8 EDUCATION AND AWARENESS Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environmental Education, – To promote environmental awareness Awareness and Training among all sections of the society; Introduction and Objectives – To spread environment education, especially in the non-formal system The emergence of environmental issues among different sections of the society; at the top of the global agenda in the context – To facilitate development of education/ of climate change concerns underline the training materials and aids in the formal need for collective endeavour for protection education sector; of environment. This warrants informed and voluntary participation of all sections of the – To promote environment education people in the movement for conservation and through existing educational/scientific/ participation of environment. Awareness of research institutions; people about emerging environmental issues – To ensure training and manpower and the interconnections between the life development for environment education, styles and environment is an essential awareness and training; prerequisite for such participation. – To encourage non-governmental Population increase, rapid urbanisation organizations, mass media and other and industrialisation, increasing needs of concerned organizations for promoting energy etc., have impacted the availability of awareness about environmental issues natural resources besides denting the quality among the people at all levels; of environment. The environmental damage – To use different media including films, already inflicted cannot be reversed unless audio, visual and print, theatre, drama, there is collective thinking, will and effort. advertisements, hoarding, posters, These call for public awareness and seminars, workshops, competitions, participation for bringing about an attitudinal meetings etc. for spreading messages change and finally restricting further damage concerning environment and awareness; to the environment. Effective implementation and of environmental management and – To mobilize people’s participation for conservation programmes depends on preservation and conservation of education, awareness raising and training in environment. the relevant areas. Without an adequate Activities undertaken during the year awareness of the impending challenges and their implications, few people would be The major programmes undertaken to motivated to participate actively in achieve the overall objectives of the scheme programmes on environmental conservation. are as follows: Environment education and awareness thus National Green Corps (NGC) assumes critical importance. Programme The ‘Environmental Education, Awareness It is a well established and recognised and Training’ is a flagship scheme of the fact that the children can be catalysts in Ministry for enhancing the understanding of promoting a mass movement about the people at all levels about the relationship ensemble of the environmental issues. Being between human beings and the environment future citizens, inculcation of environment and to develop capabilities/skills to improve friendly attitudes and behavioural patterns and protect the environment. This scheme amongst them can make a significant was launched in 1983-84 with the following difference to the long term efforts for protection basic objectives: of environment. Children are triggers for a

202 Annual Report 2011-2012 chain reaction, making a difference at the harvesting structures, use of energy saving local and community level which in due devices etc. Diverse target groups course lead to awareness at village, city, encompassing students, youths, teachers, State, country and global level. MoEF has tribals, farmers, other rural population, hence, embarked upon a major initiative for professionals and the general public are creating environmental awareness among covered under NEAC. The programme is children by formulating National Green Corps implemented through designated Regional (NGC) in 2001-02. In less than ten years, Resource Agencies (RRAs) appointed for that the programme has been in operation, specific States/Regions of the country. it has been catapulted into a mass movement This programme was continued during of children for maintaining and preserving this year with the main theme as ‘Forests for the environment. 1,30,931 Eco-clubs have Sustainable Livelihood”. The following sub- so far been established in NGC Schools themes were considered for financial across the country. assistance: During financial year 2011-12 (as on (i) Afforestation, 07.03.2012), 99,063 Eco-clubs were supported by the Ministry across the country. (ii) Forest Conservaton, (iii) Forest and Climate Amelioration, 8 National Environment Awareness Campaign (NEAC) (iv) Forest for Water, (v) Participatory Forest Management, The need for a mass movement for protection of environment needs no emphasis. (vi) Agro/Social Forestry, The concerns of the people for environment (vii) Forestry in Urban and Peri Urban Area, need to be harnessed into voluntary action. (viii) Renewable Energy, This requires a network of nodal agencies (ix) Green India Mission. and grass-root level organisations. Thirty four Regional Resource Agencies The NEAC was hence launched in mid (RRAs) appointed by the Ministry are involved 1986 with the objective of creating in conducting, supervising and monitoring environmental awareness at the national the NEAC activities during the year. A total level. In this campaign, nominal financial of 14,297 organisations have been involved assistance is provided to NGOs, schools, in the campaign across the country. The colleges, universities, research institutes, Ministry sanctioned an amount of Rs.12.12 women and youth organisations, army units, Cr to the RRAs for further disbursement government departments etc. from all over among the approved participating the country for conducting awareness raising organisations. and action oriented activities. The awareness Library activities could be seminars, workshops, training programmes, camps, padyatras, The Library is the documented repository rallies, public meetings, exhibitions, essay/ of the Ministry for dissemination of information debate/painting/poster competitions, folk in the field of environment and its associated dances and songs, street theatre, puppet areas. It has a collection of over 25,000 shows, preparation and distribution of books and Technical reports etc. Besides, the environmental education resource materials library also receives more than 38 national/ etc. Action components could be plantation international journals covering diverse areas of trees, management of household waste, of environment. Being the scientific Ministry, cleaning of water bodies, taking up water Library is one of the richest documentary

203 Ministry of Environment & Forests bases for scientific journals in the field of Mass Media environment and its associated areas. Media Cell of the Ministry is mandated The library performs an important role with taking up awareness campaigns using in the planning, promotion, implementation print and electronic media besides other and coordination of the Ministry’s objectives mass media to enhance awareness about by providing timely access to relevant and various environmental issues which would in comprehensive information to its users-officials turn facilitate better compliance with of the Ministry, external organizations (both environment regulations. Media Cell is guided governmental and non-governmental), by an Advisory Committee of Experts on research students, decision makers etc. Media Matters under the Chairmanship of Secretary (E&F) in this regard. During the Research scholars from various year, as per the Media Action Plan (MAP) organisations, institutions and other adopted by the Ministry, the following major professional bodies visited the library for a activities were supported/sponsored/ variety of information required by them from completed: time to time. Seminars/Symposia/Workshops – The World Environment Day (WED) was commemorated on 5th June 2011 on the This programme provides a platform to theme: ‘Forests : Nature at Your Service’. scientists/environmentalists/ University – Green Haat was organised on 1-5 June, professionals/ technocrats, etc, to share their 2011 at Delhi for expo-cum-sale of knowledge on various subjects related to minor products from forests – food, environment. The Ministry provides financial medicinal/health products, cosmetics and assistance to the Universities/other institutions/ handicrafts. NGOs to organise events (seminars / – CMS, a Delhi based multi-disciplinary Symposia/Workshops/Conferences) and to think tank hold an international publish the proceedings. The scheme facilitates Biodiversity Film Festival on 1-4 June, the transfer of technical know-how to different 2011 at New Delhi. people including local population. – The National Museum of Natural History Universities/professional bodies/ with its partner institutions organised a technical institutions and other R&D special Nature Camps for different organisations are very responsive to the children at Bangalore on 2-5 June, programme as is evidenced by the increase 2011. in the number of proposals being received by – Celebrities, sportspersons, youth and the Ministry. Thrust areas as identified under general public took part in special the programme are under constant review walkathons and marathons organised at and being expanded to include more new Delhi and Bangalore. areas. Proposal to enhance the monetary – The Wildlife Institute of India (WII), ceilings for events at District, State, National Dehradun organised a Workshop on 5th and International levels is under consideration june, 2011 on Emerging Issues in Wildlife to expand the outreach of the programme Conservation with NGOs concerned, both geographically and demographically. citizens and academic institutions. During the financial year 2011-12 (as on – Supported the CMS Vatavaran - 07.03.2012), 17 organisations were Environment & Wildlife Film Festival and provided financial assistance for conducting Forum 2011 on 6-10 December, 2011 seminars/symposia /workshop etc. at New Delhi.

204 Annual Report 2011-2012

– Released advertisement in National and efforts of the Ministry to promote environment Regional Newspapers in English, Hindi education and awareness. and regional languages for National Under the programme, grant is not Environmental Awareness Campaign provided for publication of newsletters, 2011-12. magazines, journals, periodicals etc. or to Grants-in-Aid to Professional Societies any publisher/business house including & Institutes individuals. The objective of the programme is to Global Learning and Observations to facilitate optimum utilization of expertise Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) available with professional societies and institutions for promotion of environment The Global Learning and Observations education and awareness. The programme to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) aims at utilizing the existing capacities while Programme – an international Science and simultaneously providing for enhancing the Education programme – provides a unique capacities of such institutions. The projects to opportunity to the school students to carry out be financially supported would interalia include various measurements so that they can learn development/extension of exhibition galleries, about scientific protocols and perform environmental learning activities, which have 8 interpretation centres and education materials relating to ecology, wildlife and environment. already been introduced as theory in the The financial assistance is not provided for textbooks. The GLOBE programme not only procurement of capital goods/ equipment. helps the students to appreciate the contents However, some office equipment like computer, of the textbooks through better understanding projector etc can be purchased if they are but also assists them in gaining complete incidental to or essential part of exhibition knowledge of environment. galleries, interpretation centres and educational It facilitates research through a worldwide focused activities. This one time grant is also research team comprising of students, teachers not available for research, collection and and scientists. compilation of data and information or to any Other Awareness Programmes individual / business houses. Since the financial assistance provided Publication of resource material for awareness programmes under the NEAC related to environment is for activities to be conducted in a specific The objective of this programme is to time frame and are short-term projects utilize expertise available with professional restricted to a specific area, other proposals societies, voluntary organizations, institutions for creating awareness among diverse target etc. for developing and publication of groups are received throughout the year from innovative and high quality resource material various NGOs and other agencies. These for promoting environmental education and are considered on merit as and when received awareness by providing financial assistance and supported. Some of the major awareness for development and publication of such activities conducted/sponsored during the material. The publication material must year are mentioned below: popularize the understanding about the –7th Vacational Programme on Natural environment, emerging issues and out of the Resources (VPNR) was organised by box solutions including innovative approaches Aravali Foundation for Education, New for protection and should be relevant and of Delhi. high standard and should supplement the – The Green Oplympiad and TERRA Quiz

205 Ministry of Environment & Forests

No.of Eco-Clubs suported

112844

99063 91447 93256 87353 87586 No. of Eco-Clubs 78250

68125 67943

2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Years

(support extended during 2011-12 is as on 07.03.2012) Fig-59. Numbers of Eco-clubs supported since 2003-2004

NEAC - No. of Participating Organisations

14297

12078 11738

10642 9784 9938

5285

Participating Organisations

2610

555 115

1986-87 1991-92 1996-97 2001-02 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Years

Fig-60. Numbers of participating organisations in NEAC since 1986-87

206 Annual Report 2011-2012

Plan Expenditure - EE Division

53.50

46.99 46.25 46.25

43.50 39.99 43.30 38.61 40.90 Amount in Crore 38.44

32.50 34.00 32.35 30.81 32.23

20.78 19.00 17.00 8 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 Year

Revisted Estimate Actual

Fig.-61. Budget allocation and Progress of Expenditure

2011-12 was organised by ‘The Energy The number of participating organisations Resource and Institute (TERI), New Delhi in NEAC rose from 115 during 1986-87 to – Knowledge Park on the occasion of 14,297 during 2010-11. (Fig.-59) World Environment Day 2011 was organised by the Centre for Environment State-wise status Education (CEE), New Delhi. – Number of eco-clubs established in States / UTs since 2004-05 is given in Table- Progress/Achievements made during 46. the year – A detail of financial assistance released – 99,063 Eco-clubs supported during under the NGC programme is given in 2011-12 (as on 7th March, 2012). Table-47. – Record level of financial assistance of – Amount sanctioned under NEAC Rs. 12.12 crore approved under NEAC. programme since 2004-05 is given in – Number of participating organisations Table-48. in NEAC reached an all time high of 14,297. Implementing organisations along with details Comparison of progress during the The National Green Corps Programme is year implemented throughout the country through Progress mode in supporting Eco-clubs State Nodal Agencies. A list of nodal agencies under NGC since 2003-04 is shown in in States/UTs is at Table-IV. The Regional Resource Fig.-58.

207 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Agencies help the Ministry in conducting, Budget Allocation supervising and monitoring the NEAC activities The budget allocation of the scheme and throughout the country. progress of expenditure is given in Fig.61.

Table-46. No. of Eco-clubs established under the NGC Programme (since 2004-05)

No. of Eco-clubs State/UT 2011- 2010- 2009- 2008- 2007- 2006- 2005- 2004- 12* 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 Andhra Pradesh 5750 5750 5750 5750 5750 5750 3900 3900 Arunachal Pradesh 525 (NE) Assam (NE) 5207 5207 5207 4695 Bihar 8871 8971 8971 8473 7200 5266 5700 Chandigarh (UT) 115 113 112 110 Chhattisgarh 4000 3932 3932 3932 3932 4000 2373 2400 Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT) Daman & Diu (UT) Delhi (NCT) 1796 1796 1874 2000 1600 1600 1500 1500 Goa 500 500 500 441 300 Gujarat 6750 6750 6500 6500 6250 3750 3750 Haryana 5250 5000 5000 2850 2750 Himachal Pradesh 3000 3000 1693 1800 1800 Jammu & Kashmir 5500 Jharkhand 2842 3300 Karnataka 8000 8000 4800 Kerala 3500 3500 3500 3500 3500 2100 Lakshadweep (UT) 12 Maharashtra 8905 8905 8898 8898 8844 8844 5400 5400 Manipur (NE) 1750 1350 1350 900 Meghalaya (NE) Mizoram (NE) 1235 1235 1235 1200 1200 1200 Madhya Pradesh 12500 12500 12500 12000 12000 7200 7200 7200 Nagaland (NE) 2280 2275 2227 2048 2107 800 800 Orissa 7500 7500 7500 7500 5900 4500 4500 Puducherry (UT) 550 550 513 513 Punjab 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 4250 2550 2550 Rajasthan 8250 8000 8000 8000 8000 8000 4800 4800 Sikkim (NE) 540 Tamil Nadu 8000 7500 7500 7500 7500 7500 4500 4500 Tripura (NE) 750 600 600 600 600 600 Uttar Pradesh 10747 10500 Uttaranchal 1950 West Bengal 3912 3912 4750 4750 4750 2850 2850 Total 99,063 87586 93256 112844 91447 87353 67943 68125 * as on 07.03.2012.

208 Annual Report 2011-2012

Table-47. Details of Financial Assistance Released to Eco-clubs under the NGC Programme (since 2004-05)

S. STATE/UT 2011-12* 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05 1 Andhra Pradesh 15697500 15697500 15697500 15697500 15697500 15466250 10325000 4922500 2 Andaman & Nicobar 896112 Islands (UT) 3 Arunachal 1620929 Pradesh (NE) 4 Assam (NE) 14102125 14377125 13163586 12313583 5 Bihar 24283875 24546375 24330707 23080000 19598456 13393300 6191923 6 Chhattisgarh 10911500 10741500 10741500 10741500 10741500 10715207 6304150 2940000 7 Chandigarh (UT) 324529 322750 303338 264650 8 Dadra & Nagar (UT) 9 Daman & Diu (UT) 10 Delhi (NCT) 4950750 4791182 4681243 4887587 4066733 4237079 3665134 1258491 11 Goa 1287721 1323190 1357625 1158021 353158 8 12 Gujarat 18372375 18395000 17745000 17712500 16750000 10082640 3289268 13 Haryana 14300000 13242978 13242978 6594998 740000 14 Himachal Pradesh 8107976 7877425 4391975 4735777 2152205 15 Jammu & Kashmir 14300000 16 Jharkhand 3507481 3343673 17 Karnataka 18648000 23189957 1396046 18 Kerala 9555000 9450000 9447375 9439500 9119252 1221850 19 Lakshadweep (UT) 26299 20 Madhya Pradesh 34125000 34125000 34060000 32760000 32160000 20160000 19620000 8793750 21 Maharashtra 23714781 23718362 23709110 23635348 23253249 23730000 14715000 6300000 22 Manipur (NE) 4780000 3663018 3663018 450,000 23 Meghalaya (NE) 24 Mizoram (NE) 6903750 3447500 3128200 3128300 1150814 25 Nagaland (NE) 6273125 12097125 539500 5247500 5652500 2256044 400000 26 Orissa 20193734 20474511 20228019 20275000 16100000 12235225 5250000 27 Puducherry (UT) 1519640 1477270 1301567 524973 28 Punjab 13650000 13650000 13650000 13650000 13552500 11390000 6948750 2975000 29 Rajasthan 22522154 21840000 21837661 21725002 21440000 21440000 13080000 5452540 30 Tamil Nadu 21744654 20475000 20361310 20327027 20107802 20099609 12080000 5154797 31 Tripura (NE) 2055000 1680000 1680000 1680000 1600000 735000 32 Sikkim (NE) 1025000 33 Uttarakhand 5111829 34 Uttar Pradesh 9683084 19100000 35 West Bengal 10767750 10872500 13585000 12350000 12730000 7766250 4660543 Total 265242405 244356055 249906482 298350731 236143254 226661044 171379806 69682830 * as on 07.03.2012.

209 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Table-48. Amount Sanctioned under NEAC

S. State/UT No.

1 Andhra Pradesh 2 Andaman & Nicobar Isla 3 Arunachal

Note: During 2003-04 to 2006-07 amount released under NEAC for Haryana & Chandigarh was combined. From 2007-08 onwards Chandigarh is clubbed with Punjab.

210 Annual Report 2011-2012

National Museum of Natural were observed and different programmes for History school children and challenged children were also organised. It also organised different Introduction educational activities and competitions like The National Museum of Natural History Quiz, Declamation, On-the-spot Painting, (NMNH), New Delhi is an institution devoted Poster Making, Slogan writing, Essay writing, to Environmental education (EE). The Museum Model making, Bird Watching and Tree- was opened to the public in 1978 on June spotting for the participating students on 5 on the occasion of World Environment Day. these occasions. The Museum undertakes EE through the Publications: NMNH and its RMNH means of Exhibition programmes and published a number of publications in English, Educational activities. Even though the primary Hindi, Kannada and Oriya on the topics target audience of the Museum is school related to animals, plants, biodiversity and students, it has developed programmes for other environment related issues. A special other categories of people as well. The desk calendar was printed on the prize NMNH is the pioneer Museum which has winning entries of different contests organised initiated several specialized programmes to by the Museum. It also published posters and cater to the needs of persons with different 8 booklets including the Summer Programme abilities. The Museum also undertakes many magazine, on topics related to nature and outreach programmes such as Temporary environment. Exhibitions, Mobile Exhibitions and a large number of Nature Camps. It also organises Temporary Exhibitions many competitions leading YEYA (Young Environmentalist of the Year Award). – NMNH New Delhi: The NMNH was involved in organizing an exhibition on In order to expand the geographical Biodiversity as part of the launch of coverage of its activities, the NMNH has United Nations Decade on Biodiversity established a few Regional Museums of for Asia and Pacific organized by Natural History (RMNH) in Ministry of Environment & Forests, (Mysore) in 1995, Central India (Bhopal) in Government of India on 23rd May 2011 1997 and Eastern India (Bhubaneswar) in A temporary exhibition on “Biodiversity 2004. RMNH are also being established for of Western India” was launched at the Western India (Sawai Madhopur) and North- Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) Jodhpur Eastern India (Gangtok). from 28th September to 2nd October Progress of Activities undertaken 2011. The exhibition highlighted the Educational Activities: NMNH and its concern about sustainable development RMNH organised a number of in-house and and global concern on environmental outreach programmes for the benefit of school issues and Indian tradition of children, college students, teachers, differently conservation. abled children and general public. Various A temporary exhibition on “Sustainable national and international days of scientific Living” was organised on 25th & 266h relevance like World Wetland Day, World November 2011 at Lalit Hotel New Delhi. Day for Water, World Forestry Day, A temporary exhibition on “Intangible International Ozone Day, Conservation Day, Natural Heritage” is under the process Earth Day, Environment Day, World Heritage of development in the 4th Floor Gallery Day, International Bio-diversity, Wildlife Week, of NMNH.

211 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– RMNH Bhubaneswar- Exhibition on and Forests’, Govt. of India on 4th June Wheels: The Exhibition on wheels on the 2011 at Indian Institute of Wood Science theme Forest Wealth was on display at & Technology, Bangalore. Khordha Zilla Lok Utsav organized by Aswasana, a Socio-Cultural & Economic Workshops/Conference/Seminars Re-Construction Organization, Khordha – NMNH New Delhi: A three day work th th from 18 to 25 April 2011. About shop (9th to 11th August 2011) for 20000 people visited the exhibition. trainee teachers of DIET Daryaganj was Exhibition on wheels was sent to Govt. organised in association with NCERT. High School, Tomando, Khurda along Seminar on “Exhibit development on with specimens and models of animals Intangible Natural Heritage” was nd for interaction with the students on 22 organised in Jodhpur from 28th to 30th October, 2011. September 2011 and Paper presentation Exhibition on wheels was on display 12th was given by ZSI, BSI and University of to 16th November, 2011 in Balasore Jodhpur and Jajpur districts of Odisha. About The NMNH organised a “Festival of 15578 school children and general Museums & Intangible Natural Heritage” public from 22 schools visited the in Kalady from 22-27 June 2011. exhibition. A two day workshop with trainee teachers – RMNH Bhopal: Regional Museum of of DIET Daryaganj was organised for Natural History, Bhopal inaugurated a planning of new Biology kits for Primary temporary exhibition on ‘Extinct and level on 20th & 21st Oct. 2011. The Threatened Animal of India’ on Oct. 1, purpose of the workshop was to explore 2011 coinciding the Wildlife Week. In the conceptual ideas to develop this exhibition there were 24 exhibits prototypes for new Biology Teaching kits like Lesser Florican, Bengal Florican, to teach Environment Science in schools Rock Python, Reticulated Python, Magar, at primary level. Gharial, Rhinoceros, Wild Ass, Pangolin, A two day National workshop on Mouse Deer, Sloth Bear, Nilgiri Tahr, Environmental Education in Museums Swamp Deer, Marble Cat, Red Panda, and Formal Educational Institutions was Clouded Leopard, Indian Cheetah, Bison held on 18th and 19th February 2012 in and Wild Buffalo depicted. This exhibition collaboration with Department of was kept opened for public upto 30th Museology, Aligarh Muslim University, October, 2011. Aligarh. RMNH, Bhopal operated an information Meeting of the Advisory Committee center and exhibited “Pangolin” at Science Fiesta held at Regional Science – The 4th Meeting of the Advisory Center, Bhopal during 10-11th November, Committee of the NMH under the 2011. Chairmanship of Dr. C.R Babu, Emeritus th – RMNH Mysore: A travelling exhibition Professor was convened on 25 October on “Biodiversity of Western Ghat” was 2011. developed as a part of International Film Shows Year of Biodiversity (2010) and – Regular film shows were arranged for inaugurated by Shri Jai Ram Ramesh, visitors in National Museum of Natural the Honourable Minister of State History, New Delhi and its RMNH at (independent charges ) for Environment

212 Annual Report 2011-2012

Mysore, Bhopal and Bhubaneswar to – RMNH Bhubaneswar: Organizing sensitize and create awareness among Committee Meeting of Odisha general visitors on issues of nature and Environment Congress-2011 was held environment. from 22nd to 24th December-11 on the Collaborative Programmes focal theme “Forest Resources of Odisha- Issues, Challenges and Potentials was – NMNH New Delhi: NMNH in held on 13th July & 30th October, 2011.- collaboration with Hindustan Times under the chairmanship of Shri Vinod organized annual Inter-school essay Kumar, IFS, PD, OFSDP. This congress is writing competition. The winners of the jointly organized by RMNH, Centre for competition were taken to Arawali Environment and Development, Human Biodiversity Park, Delhi for Nature Study Development Foundation and Dept. of Tour. Forest and Environment, Govt. of Odisha. – RMNH Bhopal: The International Earth Day Biodiversity programme was organized by RMNH, Bhopal in collaboration with – On the occasion of Earth Day a National M. P. Biodiversity Board, Bhopal on 22 Level “Poster design competition” was May, 2011. Shri A. P. Dwivedi, Former conducted in NMNH New Delhi and its 8 PCCF of Madhya Pradesh was the chief RMNH in Mysore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar guest and Shri Shyam Bohre, Social and Sawai Madhopur on 22nd April Activist was special guest. 2011 for the students of class IX & X to select the candidate for the Young – Centre for Environment Education (CEE), Environmentalist of the Year Award- Bhopal organized two days workshop 2011". The theme of the contest was for NGO partners during 9-10th August “Forests: Nature at your service”. 2011 collaboration with RMNH, Bhopal. The theme of the workshop was “Paryavaran Mitra”. – RMNH Bhopal organized a programme on “Bats, Biodiversity and Part of Biodiversity” for the student of class 9 – 12 at Pragya School, Bhopal on Oct. 18, 2011 and a programme on “Bear, Forests and Biodiversity” and “Elephant Etiquette” organized for the students of class 5th – 8th on 20th October, 2011. Fig-62. Summer programme participants at cactus garden in RPRC

213 Ministry of Environment & Forests

World Environment Day – RMNH Sawai Madhopur- Prize th – NMNH, New Delhi World Environment distribution Function was held on 5 Day and the 33rd Anniversary of the June, 2011 for the programme called NMNH Foundation Day were observed National Science Day (Written Quiz), on 05 June, 2011. The function was Poster Design Contest & Competitions organized at the Ashok Hotel, New held during Summer Programme. Delhi. Shri Jai Ram Ramesh, Hon’ble Van Mahotsava 2011 Minister, MOEF, was the Chief Guest at the function. Ms Rashmi Bathom a student – NMNH New Delhi: Van Mahotsava of class Xth from Komal Higher 2011- A special programme Secondary School Bhopal was decorated (“Importance of plants” in the network of by the Shri Jairam Ramesh, Hon’ble Nature through the exhibits of Minister, MOEF as the Young photosynthesis, food chain, Man & Environmentalist of the year 2011.The Nature, Two faces of forest, etc.) was function was a great success. organised for the under privilege children – RMNH Bhubaneswar: On the occasion of Khusi Centre for Rehabilitation & of Valedictory function of Summer Research (NGO) also an outreach programmes on 5th June, 2011, prizes programme “make birds and animal and certificates were distributed to the shape out of clay” for specially participants of Green Teens, Green Cubs challenged children of Anchal NDMC and YEYA Poster making competition. School for Mentally Retarded and Hearing Impaired was organised. – RMNH Mysore: Invocation by the participants of summer vacation – RMNH Bhubaneswar- The museum th programme 2011, Lecture on celebrated Van Mahotsav on 7 July, “importance of environment and 2011 through planting of sapling of 50 medicinal plants in our daily life”.Dr. different species in the campus. Javeed Nayeem, Chief Guest, released International Ozone Day the Flyers prepared for Earth Day and Environment Day followed by his talk on – NMNH New Delhi: On 16th September the conservation of environment. Prizes 2011 on the occasion of “International distributed to the winners of SVP-2011 Day for the Preservation of Ozone Layer and YEYA 2011 an On-the-Spot” Nature Painting Contest” – RMNH Bhopal- Regional Museum of was organised for the school students Natural History (RMNH), Bhopal from classes (IX to XII) on the theme: “For organized World Environment Day - the life on Earth-Protect the Ozone Layer June 5, 2011. Shri S. S. Rajput, CCF, and Prevent Climate Change”. The Bhopal Circle, Govt.of Madhya Pradesh teachers accompanying the students were was the Chief Guest. The Participants of taken around the Museum galleries and poster making competition and summer shown the nature and wildlife related vacation programmes attended the film in the museum auditorium. session along with their parents. The – RMNH Mysore- Power point presentation Chief Guest, Shri S. S. Rajput distributed on Ozone, Film Show on Environment, the prizes and certificates to the winners Painting Competition & Lecture was of poster making competition and conducted in Srirangapatnam instead of participants of summer vacation Museum premises and got good response programmes. from the school students and local public.

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–RMNH Bhubaneswar: A quiz competition was organized for the student of class VIII to X to mark the celebration of 17th International Day for Preservation of Ozone Layer-2011 on 16th September 2011. The quiz consisted of wide variety of questions to generate awareness about the importance of preservation of 8 ozone layer. Fig-63. Outreach programme – RMNH Sawai Madhopur: Poster Design contest was premises during “Wildlife Week”. held on the occasion of International – RMNH Sawai Madhopur: Different Day for the preservation of Ozone Layer Activities such as Painting Class, on 16th September, 2011 for the Students Modelling / Sculpture Class and of IX and X Class. Documentary Films on Environment were Wildlife Week shown to students/Public during the – NMNH New Delhi: An outreach “Wildlife Week”. programme for under-privileged children – Winter Programme: NMNH organised in the age group 8-14 years was Winter Nature Camps for Children during organised on the occasion of Wild Life 1st January to 15th January 2012 in Week on 7th & 8th October 2011. The various venues (New Delhi, Mysore, purpose of the programme was to bring Bhopal, Bhubaneswar and Sawai awareness among children about wildlife Madhopur). in India and help them understand basic Special Programme for Specially concepts of Environment and Biodiversity Challenged Children through visits to Museum galleries and Delhi Zoo. – NMNH New Delhi: Essay writing in Braille, declamation contest for visually – RMNH Mysore: Painting competition on challenged students were organized in wildlife, Film shows on Environment, the month of January 2012. A week Ecology and Wildlife Programme long programme for Specially organised for rural Higher Primary School Challenged Children includes nature students of Chinakuruli Govt. Girls High painting competition for hearing School on 1st Oct, 2011 and on 3rd impaired, clay modelling for physically Oct., 2011 at Panadavapura, Model challenged and collage painting and Higher Primary School, PU College animal – bird mask making for mentally

215 Ministry of Environment & Forests

challenged organised in the month of Chairperson, School of Biological February 2012. Sciences, NISER, Bhubaneswar were To commemorate “International Day for the Guests of Honour. As part of the 7th Disabled” (3rd December) an outreach Anniversary programme, the museum programme for specially challenged conducted painting competition in three children were conducted at Handicapped groups for the students of Class-I-X. Welfare Federation and Institute for the Similarly written quiz competition was Blind, New Delhi. also conducted on the same day Winners were awarded prizes and certificates To mark “World Wetland Day” an th outreach programme organised on 2nd during the 7 anniversary function. Feb. 2012 for specially challenged Reserve collection enrichment children. They were taken to National Zoological Park, New Delhi to watch the – RMNH Bhubaneswar- Skeletons of three migratory birds. nos. of dead Emu bird were collected – RMNH Mysore: Painting Competition, from the local Emu farm situated at Singing Competition, Modelling Balianta, Bhubaneswar and under Competition, and Museum Visit for 10 process for further preservation and days, Prize Distribution Function display. Wet preservation of 3 dead organised during the month February Golden Fish from in-house aquarium. 2012. Some fish species collected from fluoride affected areas of Nayagarh district were Special Nature Camp for children with identified and preserved. hearing impaired was organised from th th 4 to 7 June, 2011 at Bannergahtta Inauguration of North East National Park, Bangalore. Biodiversity Gallery – RMNH, Bhopal: Celebration of 14th – RMNH, Bhubaneswar-The Hon’ble Chief Anniversary programme on 29th Minister of Odisha, Shri Naveen Patnaik September, 2011. Dr. Pramod K. Rai, inaugurated a new gallery on North Retd. Professor was the Chief Guest of East Biodiversity in the Regional Museum the programme. Two plants of of Natural History, Bhubaneswar on 1st endangered Cycas circinalis were June, 2011 in the presence of Shri planted in the Dinosour Park by the Jairam Ramesh, Hon’ble Minister of State Chief Guest. General visitors, invitees (Independent Charge) for Environment and all members of staff were present and Forests, Govt. of India, Shri Debi during the programme. News coverage Prasad Mishra, Hon’ble Minister, Forest was covered by print and electronic and Environment, Government of Odisha, media. Prof. P. Mohanty Hejamdi, Chairperson, – RMNH Bhubaneswar: Celebration Advisory Planning Committee, Regional th of 7 Anniversary day: The museum Museum of Natural History, th th celebrated its 7 Anniversary on 10 Bhubaneswar, Dr. G.V. Subrahmanyam, August, 2011. Shri J.K. Tiwari, IFS, Advisor in the MoEF and Dr. B. Chief Conservator of Forests, MoEF, Venugopal, Director, NMNH, New Delhi. Eastern Regional Office, Bhubaneswar During the occasion, museum brochures was the Chief Guest. Dr. Chitta Ranjan and brochures on North East Biodiversity Mishra, Sr. Scientist, Author and Science gallery (Oriya and English) were Popularizer and Dr. Palok Aich, released.

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Skeleton display of baleen Whale 12th May 2010. Summer programme Green Cubs organised for the class 5- The 47 ft. Long skeleton of baleen whale th th collected from Gopalpur on sea was 7 students from 18 to 30 May 2010. processed and preserved. The articulation of – RMNH Bhopal- RMNH, Bhopal the skull, vertebrae, ribs and all other bones organized a summer vacation is being completed and the showcase for the programmes” Green Teens” and “Green display is completed. Cubs” from 18th May to June 5th, 2010. Summer Vacation Programmes – RMNH Bhubaneswar- The Summer Vacation Programme was held from 11th – NMNH New Delhi- The summer vacation May to 20th May 2010 for two groups programme was organised from 18th i.e. Green Teens (Std. VIII-X) & Green May to 31st May 2011 for the student Cubs (Std. V-VII). The programme of class VII to X (green teens) and for the included orientation to the museum student of class Vth to VII (green cubs) facilities and programmes along with in which 60 student from all over Delhi thought provoking and hands on activities & NCR participated. The programme in the museum and outside the museum included Lectures, Slide/CD presentation with field visits to sanctuaries, parks, on our Natural Heritage, working with 8 gardens and laboratories accompanied microscope, talk on Forest-Nature at by expert interactions and your service, Nature Quiz, and demonstrations. interactive writing session on nature and – RMNH Swai Madhopur-Summer vacation environment, talk/slide presentation on programme of Green Teens of Class (8th Wonders of Ocean, visit of Aravalli -10th ) and Green cubs of Class (5th-7th) Biodervisity Park, art out of clay on were organised from 1th to 16th May potter’s wheel, preparation of nature 2010.The participants were taken to magazine and nature study tour to Ranthambore National Park for study of Botanical Garden Noida etc. nature and wild life. – RMNH Mysore- Green teens organised Forestry Education, Training and for the class 8-10 students from 2nd to Extension The present system of forestry education and training is tailored to produce skilled forest managers to manage, protect and conserve the forests in consonance with National Forest Policy, 1988, forestry action programmes etc. The activities related to forestry education, training and extension are performed by the different institute of the Ministry like Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun; Directorate of Forest Education (DFE), Dehradun; ICFRE, Dehradun; IIFM, Fig-64. Nature Study Programme Bhopal; IPIRTI, Bengaluru.

217 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Progress of activities undertaken by Activities during the year various institutes Mid-Career Training Programme Indira Gandhi National Forest – Started in the year 2009-10, the Academy (IGNFA), Dehradun Academy this year has conducted Mid- Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy Career Training Programmes. While one is the training centre of IFS Officers. The Phase-III programme for Officers of 7-9 institution undertakes training of new recruits years’ of service was completed and to the Indian Forest Service which is spread one Phase-V programme which over a period of 20 months. Besides this, commenced in March, 2011 concluded the institution also undertakes training of IFS this year. Two more Phase-V programmes Officers at various years of seniority and and one Phase-IV programme was also of other Stakeholders. The Academy is conducted this year. a part of FRI campus in Dehradun. This – Both the batches i.e., 2009-11 and institution earlier functioned as Indian Forest 2010-12 Courses underwent Indian College from 1938-1987. In 1987, when Military Academy attachment for the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Weapons’ Training, Horse-riding and Education (ICFRE) was established as an Swimming. autonomous institution, the Indian Forest College was named as Indira Gandhi The Convocation of 2009-11 batch National Forest Academy (IGNFA) in – The 2009-11 batch of Indian Forest recognition of contribution of the late Prime Service Officers passed out in Aug. Minister to the forestry sector in the country. 2010. The Convocation Ceremony was The IGNFA functions as an institution directly held on 17h Aug. 2011, in Convocation under the control of Ministry of Environment Hall of FRI building. The Chief Guest for and Forests. the function was the Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests and Director- General of Forests and Special Secretary to the Government of India Presided over the function. As done last year, this year award of ‘Hari Singh Fellows’ was given to five shortlisted Probationers for pursuing specializa- tion in wildlife/Tree- breeding and Genetics and Remote Sensing and GIS. Fig-65. IFS trainees of 2011-12 during the Parliamentary Appreciation Course

218 Annual Report 2011-2012

Coordination Training Programmes 24 members from various parts of the – During the current year, IGNFA undertook Country participated. The training was three coordination training programmes well received. One four day orientation for the three All India Service Officers. course for Indian Revenue Service The four days’ training programmes for Officers is scheduled to be held in the IAS, IPS and IFS Officers included one month of March,2012. day field visit to . New Batch of 2011-13 Course These training programmes were well – 58 Probationers of Indian Forest Service received. joined the three Academies viz., 2010-11 of IFS trainees Academy of Administration, Bhopal, – Two members of this batch resigned to Dr.Marri Chenna Reddy Institute, join other services. The batch size is Hyderabad and National Academy of currently 74. The Probationers, apartment Direct Taxes for Foundation Course as undergoing regular training in the per the orders of Department of Academy, undertook Hill Tour, West Personnel and Training. Offers of India Tour, Sourth India Tour and appointment has been issued to two Parliamentary appreciation Course. 8 more candidates to join directly the During the Parliamentary appreciation Professional Course in this Academy. Course, they called Her Excellency, the This batch would undergo Indian Military President of India and some photographs Attachment for Horse-riding, Weapons are enclosed. They would be undertaking Training and Swimming and would also East and West India Tours and Working undergo Introductory Tour. Plan Exercise. Directorate of Forest Education Induction Training (DFE), Dehradun – Induction training of forest officers Introduction inducted into the Indian Forest Service by promotion from State Forest Service The Directorate of Forest Education (DFE) is scheduled to begin from 26th of under the Ministry is responsible for imparting December, 2011. professional/technical training/education in the Country to the State Forest Service(SFS) Reunion of Old batches Officers and Forest Range Officers(FROs). – One reunion workshop for the forest The Directorate also supplements the efforts officers 1981 was held in the Academy of various States for the training and capacity in June 2011. In this workshop, the building of the Forest Frontline Staff (Deputy ‘Green India Mission’ was discussed Rangers, Foresters and Forest Guards) through and the Probationers interacted and the respective Forest Training Institutes. There benefitted from the experiences of senior are three Academies and One College under officers. the Directorate and the names and intake Training of members of Higher capacity (Per batch) of these colleges is as Judiciary and Indian Revenue Service under : Officers – Central Academy for State Forest Service, – A three day sensitization course members Dehradun 40 of higher judiciary was held in the month – Central Academy for State Forest Service, of November-December, 2011 in which Coimbatore 40

219 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– Central Academy for State Forest Service, batch (course 2010-12) and one batch Burnihat 40 (course,2011-13) are undergoing – Eastern Forest Rangers College, Kurseong training at CASFOS, Burnihat. 30 – Two batches of newly recruited FROs Objectives (Course 2010-11) passed out from CASFOS, Burnihat & CASFOS – To cater to the training needs of SFS Coimbatore. Officers and FROs of States/ Union Territories in the country. – Four General Refresher courses, each of – To ensure standard and quality of training two weeks duration, were conducted for being imparted to SFS Officers and FROs. in-service SFS Officers at CASFOS, Dehradun ,Burnihat and Coimbatore. – To develop appropriate and relevant training contents and evaluation – One General Refresher Courses, each of standards for forestry training at various two weeks duration, was conducted for levels. in-service FROs at Eastern Forest Rangers – To suggest training policy for effective College, Kurseong. Human Resource Management and – Two Computer Application courses in Development. Forestry, each of two weeks duration, – To supplement the efforts of State were conducted for in-service SFS Governments in the training of Forest Officers/FROs at CASFOS, Burnihat and Frontline Staff (Forest Guards, Foresters Eastern Forest Rangers College (EFRC), and Deputy Rangers) Kurseong. Activities undertaken/ achievements – Eight Workshops, each of one week during the year duration, on Wildlife Management / – Induction training in the form of “Two Community Forestry and JFM/Training year Diploma Course” for the newly of Trainers/Legal issues in Forestry and recruited SFS Officers of various States/ Wildlife/Wildlife Management/ Human Union Territories has been undertaken. Resource Management/Wildlife One batch (course 2010-12) & Two Management and Policy & Legal Issues batches (course 2011-13) of newly for in-service SFS Officers/FROs at recruited SFS Officers are undergoing CASFOS, Dehradun/Coimbatore and training at Central Academy for State EFRC, Kurseong. Forest Service (CASFOS), Dehradun and – One theme based course in Wildlife Coimbatore and one course 2012-14 management of two weeks duration for SFS will commence from 5th January, in-service FROs was conducted at Eastern 2012. Forest Rangers College,Kurseong. – Two batches (Course 2009-2011) of – Seventy three General Refresher Courses, newly recruited SFS officers passed out each of two weeks duration, were from CASFOS, Dehradun and CASFOS, conducted for in-service Forest Frontline Coimbatore. Staff (Deputy Rangers, Foresters & Forest Guards) through 49 Forestry Training – Induction training in the form of “Eighteen Institutions of 29 states. months certificate course” for the newly recruited FROs of various states/Union – Two Theme based workshop of one Territories has been undertaken. One week duration was conducted for in-

220 Annual Report 2011-2012

service FROs through State Forest Training 10. Ecotourism: Assessment and Development Institute. 11. Financial Management & Audit – One “Two week Training on Combating Sensitization Desertification and Climate Change” for 12. Increasing Productivity of Wood and India Africa Forum Sponsored by Ministry Non-Timber Forest Produce (NTFPs) using of External Affairs ,Government of India, Modern Technical Inputs. New Delhi conducted at CASFOS, 13. Forest Tribal Interface Dehradun. 14. Natural Resource Management and Training of IFS Officers Conflict Resolution 15. Forest Certification: A Marketing Tool for The thrust of this scheme is on capacity Sustainable Forest Management building of the Indian Forest Service Officers through organizing mid-career short-term 16. Human Wildlife Conflict: Issues and refresher courses. During the year, the Ministry Mitigation sponsored 27 one-week courses in the premier 17. Bamboo Resource Development for training/management institutions in the county Addressing Livelihood Concerns of on a wide range of disciplines including Communities 8 management and administration of forests, 18. Integrated Approach for Sustainable wildlife, environment and general Development of Fragile Desert Ecosystem administration in the government. The topics 19. Holistic Approach for Participatory are:- Monitoring of Joint Forest Management 1. Joint Forest Management: Challenges 20. Impact of Various Treaties, Conventions and Opportunities and International Institutions on 2. Application of Remote Sensing and GIS Conservation and Management of Forests in Forestry 21. Environmental Impact Indicators and 3. Environmental Economics and Accounting Valuation Techniques 4. Application of Remote Sensing, GIS in 22. Wildlife Offences: Role of Intelligence Effective Forest Planning and Gathering and Wildlife Forensics Management 23. Conservation and Development of 5. Development of Clean Development Medicinal Plants and Benefit Sharing Mechanism Projects under Land Use, with Local Communities Land Use Change and Forestry: Theory 24. Microcredit and Microenterprise and Practice and their Relevance to Management in Forestry Forestry Sector 25. Community Mobilization and Institution 6. Forest Genetic Resource Management Building 7. New Tool and Techniques for Preparation 26. Good Governance of Working Plan for Integrated Forest & 27. Ecotourism vis-a-vis Conservation of Biodiversity Management and its Forests Implementation. – Besides this, two IFS officers have been 8. Forest and Climate Change: sponsored to pursue long-term courses Opportunities and Challenges of offered by the Indian Institute of Public Adaptation and Mitigation Administration (IIPA), New Delhi and 9. Collection, Compilation, Validation and National Defence College (NDC), New Dissemination of Forests Statistics Delhi.

221 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– During the year, the Ministry sponsored consultancies and monitoring, etc. The 7 two-day workshops on emerging topics proposal has two major objectives: in the field of forests, wildlife and – To strengthen infrastructure of the forestry environment conservation having training schools of SFDs by: regional, national and international importance. The training workshops/ – Improving existing State Forest seminars are sponsored in the premier Training Schools (SFTS) institutions/organizations depending – Establishing new training Schools in upon their expertise and strengths in a those States that do not have one. particular field/ discipline. – To strengthen training of frontline forestry – Participation in the training courses/ personnel through: training workshop has been satisfactory. – Syllabus revision. – The Budget allocation during 2010-11 – Building up a pool of Master of this scheme was Rs. 2.00 crore Trainers/Trainers. (Plan). – Training of frontline forest force in Capacity Developmental Forest the States Management and Training of Training of Personnel of other services Personnel Personnel of Police, Revenue, Customs, This is an externally aided component Agriculture, Horticulture, Soil Conservation, aimed at improving training of frontline Animal Husbandry, Tribal/Rural Development, forestry force. This component will be in a Judiciary, Public Health Engineering etc., project mode with financial support from have an interface with forestry sector. JICA. The cost of the component is Rs. Sensitization of these departments through in- 225.00 crore for a period of five years. The service training of their personnel will be loan component is of Rs. 206.00 crores and covered under this component. It is proposed the rest is Central Plan component. The to organize awareness programmes in the Project implemented in eleven States namely form of short-term trainings, study tours, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, seminars and workshops in the institutions Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Kerala, Madhya under the government as well as in the Pradesh, Maharashtra, Mizoram Uttrakhand, private sector. and West Bengal. The states have been selected based on certain criteria, including During the current financial year, ten non-existence of any external aided project courses to be organized for one-week, four in the forestry sector in the concerned state days & three days at IGNFA-Dehradun and and paucity of training infrastructure, during IIFM-Bhopal. The allocation during the current the project development stage. financial year is Rs. 1.00 crore (Plan). For implementing this component there Training of other Stakeholders is a Steering Committee and a Central Forest Management in India is in a Project Monitoring Unit (CPMU) in the Ministry transitory stage moving from traditionally and a State Project Monitoring Unit (SPMU), centralized forest management to one in each implementing State. The central participatory forest management. In traditional PMU releases/reimburses funds to system of control, regulations and policing implementing States for their Annual Plans of the forests have alienated people from Operation. The CPMU will utilize funds for developing a sense of belonging to the activities such as Master trainings, forests. There is a need to sensitize all

222 Annual Report 2011-2012 stakeholders for conservation of these natural Indian Institute of Forest resources. As such, under this component, it Management (IIFM), Bhopal is proposed to organize/sponsor a number Brief Objectives of specially designed short-term courses, study tours, workshops and seminars on The Institute, as a sectoral management various aspects of forest and environmental institute, imparts education in forest conservation for different stakeholders which management, which is a judicious mixture of may include NGOs, students in educational forestry, social, and management science. institutions, nature clubs/eco-clubs, The Institute constantly endeavours to keep in panchayats, elected public representatives, touch with the problems of people, especially personnel from banking institutions, social the forest dwellers and undertakes need- activists, press and media persons etc. based research. The Institute tries to serve as During the current financial year, seven a reservoir of knowledge in the area of forest courses to be organized for four days & three management and ensures proper integration days at IIFM-Bhopal. The allocation during of external and indigenous knowledge suitable the current financial year is Rs. 0.50 crore to Indian context. (Plan). Post Graduate Diploma in Forest 8 Management (PGDFM) Foreign Training of Forestry Personnel The two year fully residential post Apart from the concurrent core forests graduate programme leading to the award issues, the present-day foresters have to deal with non-technical issues e.g. inter-sectoral of the Post Graduate Diploma in Forestry policy and programme linkage. Also, the Management (PGDFM) was launched in July forestry personnel need to keep themselves 1988. Students with diverse academic abreast of the technological advances in the backgrounds from all over the country are fast changing world to address the changing groomed to meet the managerial requirements requirements of the developing societies as of the corporate and development sectors. well as the various global, regional national The structure of the programme has been and local environmental concerns. Presently designed to ensure that the skills acquired there is no scheme for providing opportunities are put in application during the course itself. to forest officers, working in the States and The programme is designed to produce under the CSS and non CSS posts of MoEF young managers who are sensitive to both and the autonomous institutions of the MoEF, natural and social environment. for undergoing courses/participating in study The students who have successfully tours/workshops in foreign institutions completed the programme are awarded the organizations. This component, for foreign ‘Post Graduate Diploma in Forestry training of IFS, SFS and Range Forest Officers Management’ at the annual convocation in for providing opportunities to them to April every year. The PGDFM is recognised participate in international seminars, by All India Council for Technical Education workshops and study tours on emerging (AICTE) and equated to a corresponding issues and challenges in forestry sector, is Masters Degree of Indian University by therefore proposed. Association of Indian Universities (AIU). During the current financial year, three The admission to this course is through officers have been nominated to attend. The CAT (Common Admissions Test) being allocation during the current financial year is conducted by IIMs followed by Group Rs. 1.00 crore (Plan). Discussion and Personal Interview (GD & PI)

223 Ministry of Environment & Forests at IIFM. The candidates opting for a career PGDFM 2009-11 completed their summer in IIFM apply separately. internship during April 05 – June 11, 2010. The PGDFM 2010-12 batch received 152 To address changing needs of the sector, summer internship offers from 55 the PGDFM programme was made broad organisations. The process for admissions to based by introducing three major the PGDFM 2011-13 batch was initiated specialisation modules, viz., Conservation & with announcement of the CAT examination Livelihood (C&L), Environmental Management in August 2010. (EM) and Development Management (DM). The PGDFM 2009-2011 programme The programme of PGDFM 2010-12 was completed in March 2011. Sixty seven commenced from July 01, 2010 with 93 students completed the requirements for award students selected out of 3255 applicants. of PGDFM diplomas. Another 88 Students of Among these 93 selected students, 45 come under General Category; 14 belong PGDFM 2010-2012 batch appeared for to SC category; 07 belong to ST Category; their end-term examination of Term-III held in 25 belong to OBC (Non-creamy) and rest March 2011. 02 were admitted under PWD quota. The On the recommendation of the faculty batch consisted of 13 female students. The council, the Board of Governors (BoG) in students came from almost all the parts of its meeting held on March 29, 2010 the country. Following the general trend in approved the conferment of diplomas to 55 the management education, in this batch students of PGDFM 2008-2010 batch, 61 also the engineers was the dominant group, students of PGDFM 2007-2009 batch and consisting almost 57% of the total strength. 20 students of MRM 2007-2008 batch. This was followed by the graduate students The Board of Governors on the of Science stream (22%), Commerce (9%), recommendation of the Faculty Council Arts (4%), Hotel/Food Technology (2%), Computer Applications (2%), Pharma (2%), also approved the award of Chairman’s Fashion Technology (1%) and Prosthetics Gold and Silver Medals to the eligible (1%). The profile of the students reveals that students for their scholastic performance in they exhibit varied range of extracurricular the respective batches. interest and talent. M.Phil (Natural Resource The admission announcement for 2011- Management) 13 batch was published in leading national As per the decision of BoG, the process dailies in August 2010. A total number of for initiating the M.Phil. (Natural Resource 1804 applications were received with CAT Management) programme was taken by the registration number. The CAT score was Institute to start the programme from the received from IIM for 1799 CAT appeared academic year 2011-12. It is envisaged that candidates. the programme will have the intake of 20 Continuing IIFM’s impeccable track candidates with 10 candidates from in- record, the batch of PGDFM 2009-11 also service and 10 seats for non-service achieved 100% placement. With participation candidates. of 67 companies in the placement process The programme will comprise of two and making 175 job offers, 41 companies terms of class room teaching, one field study were invited for campus placement for the tour in the country, one foreign study tour and batch of 69 students. The 70 students of the dissertation work.

224 Annual Report 2011-2012

Fellow Programme in Management Some of the client organizations for (FPM) consultancy assignments include Haryana The Institute initiated its doctoral level Forest Department; Tribal Welfare Department, Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) Govt. of M.P.; M.P. State Employment 2011-15 during the academic year 2010- Guarantee Council, Department of Panchayat 11. The FPM offers financial assistance and and Rural Development, Govt. of M.P.; M.P. contingency grants to selected non-sponsored Forest Department; Department of SC/ST candidates. The programme is open to Welfare, Govt. of M.P.; Birla Corporation postgraduates from various disciplines and is Limited, Satna; Environmental Planning and designed to provide specialised knowledge, Coordination Organisation (EPCO), Bhopal; skills, and attitudes for positions requiring Andaman & Nicobar Forest Department, conceptual and application skills. The FPM Haddo, Port Blair; Himachal Pradesh Forest programme aims to develop and equip Department, Shimla; Khadi and Village students for career opportunities in Industries Commission, Mumbai, etc. management education and research. Publications The programme was widely advertised The Institute continues to disseminate its in national print media and the institute research findings to the larger audience 8 received 86 applications as on the last date through its own publications and also by of submission of applications, i.e. March 31, publication of research papers in reputed 2011. journals, books and also by presentation of Ph.D. Programme papers in national and international conferences. The faculty also participated The Institute functions as one of the and presented research papers in national research centers of the FRI Deemed University and international conferences. for higher studies leading to Doctor of Other Activities Philosophy. Training The year 2010-2011 was marked by significant progress in different areas of The Institute has been organizing short- academic activities. The Students Council of term training courses, seminars and workshops IIFM has also been very active during this to transfer technical and managerial skills year and organized number of academic as being generated by faculty areas of the well as extra-curricular events. institute. The focus of these programmes is on Indian Plywood Industries Research evolving, analyzing and synthesizing various and Training Institute (IPIRTI), management techniques/ tools, ideas and Bengaluru concepts relevant to the forestry and allied sector. During the year the institute conducted Training is an important tool to facilitate 33 Management Development Programmes, the industries for efficient utilization of man organised 23 workshops/seminars which power resources, increase the productivity include programmes conducted under and reduce the overall cost of production. externally funded projects like ICCF, ITTO HRD needs of the mechanical wood industries and RCNAEB. are met by the Institute by conducting one Consultancy year post graduate diploma course and short term vocational courses. Training enhances The Institute completed two consultancy the professional competency of managers, assignments and eight more are in progress. supervisory staff and industrial workers. IPIRTI

225 Ministry of Environment & Forests is the only training institute of its kind in the carbon dioxide released during the production county in the field of mechanical wood of BMCS & BMRCS is found to be less industries. compared to the other existing roofing materials. Progress/Achievements made during the year The energy audits determined that the combined total energy consumption was Energy Auditing and Carbon Footing 22784 MJ for the manufacture of one ton of in Manufacture of Bamboo Mat BMCS, while for Aluminium, Galvanized iron Corrugated Sheet (BMCS) and Bamboo and fibre reinforced plastic corrugated sheets Mat Ridge Cap (BMRC) energy consumption is 32,541.7MJ 89,408 One of the major component in housing MJ and 77,190MJ respectively which are is the roof. IPIRTI had evolved technology for very high compared to BMCS & BMRC while the manufacture of Bamboo Mat Corrugated for Asbestos roofing sheet the energy Sheets(BMCS) & Bamboo Mat Ridge Cap consumption is 430 MJ which is very less (BMRC) and it was found that there was a compared to all the existing roofing materials. huge demand for these roofing materials. However during the processing of Asbestos roofing sheet the health hazards Considering the green house gases effect, (carcinogenic) is higher and is being banned on the atmosphere which are the burning in most of the countries. issues in today’s world, there was a need to carry out energy auditing for BMCS & The study reveals that the total energy BMRC. The major contributing greenhouse requirement for the manufacture of production gas emission is that of carbon dioxide and of Bamboo Mat Corrugated Sheet (BMCS) within this report all green house gas units and Bamboo Mat Ridge cap (BMRC) is very are states as measure of carbon dioxide less compared to other conventional roofing equivalent. materials. The measurement of carbon footprint of BMCS and BMRC from A higher concentration of green house procurement of raw material to finished gases means more heat is being trapped with products indicates that there is net gain of earth’s atmosphere raising the earth’s surface carbon in the process resulting in substantial temperature which leads to global warming. storing of carbon. The emission of Global Warming is widely described as the formaldehyde from the manufacturing unit is greatest challenge in the history of human found to range from 0.03 – 0.05 ppm which kind. complies to E1 emission level of European To adopt a planned approach for tackling standards. the climate changes carbon foot print and Study on the feasibility of the Energy Audit Study is very important. This manufacture of medium density Fibre report has been designed to quantify the Board from Rice Straw. most significant carbon emission such that the reductions can be addressed in a strategic With dwindling wood resources on one manner. hand and increasing demand for the wood based panel products on the other, attention The Net Carbon dioxide released during is gaining momentum on the utilization of the production of BMCS & BMRC per ton is agro-residues and also recycling of wood found to be 1.308 tons and that of steel waste for manufacture of panel products. being 3.8 tons and for Aluminium and plastic Unlike plywood, and Particle Board (PB), is 1.5 tons and 3.0 tons respectively. The Medium Density Fibre Board (MDF) provide

226 Annual Report 2011-2012 enough scope for the substitution of wood by with IS 12406: Specification for MDF for non-wood fibre resources. . general purposes. The panels made with Forestry regulations, cost effective pulp 50% replacement of rice straw fibres with and paper products, lumber and new wood wood fibres with all the resin system and based bio energy applications will probably 100% rice straw fibres with MDI resin confirms result in increased competition for wood to the requirement of MOR, MOE, thickness based raw materials. Alternative non wood swelling, water absorption after 24 hours raw materials will therefore be of high and screw holding strength properties as per is 12406 priority. This research on the development of Reported investigation of fibre board MDF from rice straw fibres is to be the first production based on rice straw are less of its kind in the country. frequent and the rice straw materials are often combined with other raw materials are Life Cycle Assessment of Wood and used for the production of thermoplastic Bamboo Composite Products composites. LCA for wood and bamboo composite Most of the study on Production of products for which very less durable raw materials are being used evaluates 8 fiberboards has been performed by addition of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) environmental burdens associated with a resins finished fiberboards based on rice product, process or activity by identifying straw and MDI resin showed excellent and quantifying energy and materials used properties w.r.t MOR & MOE. The results and wastes released to the environment: to obtained were acceptable according to the assess the impact of those energy and material requirements of medium-density fiberboard uses and releases to the environment: and to (MDF) for interior applications (American identify and evaluate opportunities to affect National Standards Institute, ANSI A208.2- environmental improvements. Issues 2002). associated with designing, manufacturing, maintaining and disposing of systems while Keeping this in view, IPIRTI carried out adhering to environmental laws, budgetary research on the development of MDF using constraints and minimizing risks are rice straw fibres under a project sponsored addressed. by M/s Sarda Plywood Industries Ltd.,kolkota. In this study suitable adhesive formulations The energy audit and the measurement based on phenolics, amino and MDI has of carbon foot prints involved in the production been worked out . The adhesive composition of plywood, bamboo mat corrugated sheet and the process parameters have been (BMCS) and bamboo mat ridge cap (BMRC) optimized to achieve the strength properties was carried out in a commercial unit. The that are comparable with wood fibre boards. study reveals that the total energy requirement for the production of plywood, bamboo mat Since most of the research being carried corrugated sheet (BMCS) and bamboo mat out on rice straw composites are evaluated ridge cap (BMRC) is very less compared to with reference to American national standard other conventional materials being used. The the present datas were also compared. It was emission of green house gases and effluent found that all the properties confirm to the were measured in the production unit and requirement of ANSI A 208.2-2002 with has been found that the emission of gases is phenolic amino resin and MDI resin system. well within the tolerance limits prescribed by The results obtained were also compared the pollution control board. The effluents

227 Ministry of Environment & Forests collected during the production have indicated – Vertical front open furnace structure with negligible level of solids and the toxic refractory bricks & ceramic wool blanket chemicals. for best heat insulation – Computer programmable Automated LPG Establishment of Modern Fire burners with computer controlled LPG Resistance Door Testing Facility at flow IPIRTI, Bangalore – Hot gas exhaust system with automated With the increasing building activities dumper system and stringent building regulations the – Pillar mounted I beam jib crane with behaviour of building components from electric hoist various panel products or in combination – Test frame to hold door under test with with other materials against fire and to trolley and roller skid ensure occupants safety is the need of the hour. With the recent regulations relating to – Thermocouple assembly with good buildings in India, there is also a market for measurement accuracy fire retardant wooden doors in housing – PC based multi-channel data logger, etc. applications. There are huge opportunities – The system is equipped with fire-fighting for developers and architects to add value to and safety equipment’s their properties through these fire retardant doors. Occupants of buildings will be the Evaluation of Earthquake Resistant major beneficiaries as it gives them additional Feature of Bamboo Housing System peace of mind and protection from fire Using Shock Table without compromising the use of green Recent earthquake devastated Japan building materials viz. wood and panel causing unprecedented havoc, claiming lives products. Keeping future requirements of and property on a scale hard to imagine. building bye-laws in our country and to However, seismologists observe that few facilitate testing of fire check doors, the died in the Island nation due to building facility is being established at IPIRTI for collapses, given that the Japanese have testing fire performance of full size door/ perfected the technology for quakeproof shutters as per national/ international constructions. It was the ensuing tsunami that standards such as BS 476 (part 20 and 22), cost most lives. IS 3614 (part 2), ISO 3008:2007 and BS EN 1634-1:2000 using latest technologies India may not be prone to quakes of the and instrumentation comparable with best in same intensity, but we have regions that the world. require quakeproof housing. The Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Fire doors are “rated” by time (in minutes Institute (IPIRTI) has developed and tested a or hours) that a door can withstand exposure bamboo-based house suited to disaster-prone to fire test conditions and the failure criteria areas. is assessed by Integrity & Insulation. Hourly ratings include 2 hours, 1 ½ hours, 1 hour The Bamboo based House built by the and, ½ hour with the maximum rating required institute based on IPIRTI -TRADA Technology of any swinging type fire door being three was tested in the institute premises for the hours. efficacy of the structure recently. Shri. Jagadish Vengala, Scientist & Head of the Products The salient features of the fire door Application Division, IPIRTI, Bangalore, tested testing setup are:- the Bamboo house by mounting it on a ‘shock

228 Annual Report 2011-2012 table’ and delivering a series of base shocks and Diflubenzuron at 0.01, 0.5, 1 & 2% through a simple pendulum device, the impact concentration and tested for glue shear of which was comparable to earthquakes. strength in dry, wet and mycological state as The Bamboo house resisted seven per IS: 1734 part (4) 1983. The results were repetitions of a typical Zone 5 earthquake, compared with prescribed values of glue the highest in India and equivalent to over shear strength given in IS 710-1976. It was 7 on the Richter scale, showing no signs of found that sample conforms the prescribed falling apart, in contrast to a concrete structure. values of glue shear strength as per IS: 710 There were only a few cracks showing at the (1976). The study was limited to lab scale end of the most intensive of shocks. for testing the efficacy of chemical in glue line and the bond quality / shear strength of the The house has split bamboo grid and adhesive. From the results it has been found wire mesh, plastered with cement mortar for that Lufenuron and Diflubenzuron at 2% rate walls with bamboo columns providing support. provided excellent control of Lyctus africanus The ceiling is made of light bamboo mat and subterranean termite. corrugated sheets developed by IPIRTI, Bangalore. Training 8 Development of Bamboo Particle Training essentially is an integral part of Board human life. In recent years, Human Resource Due to the increasing shortage of Planning has assumed great significance in industrial wood and also associated policy manufacturing sector which includes wood changes in recent years, Bamboo is emerging based panel industry. as an important raw material alternative to The training centre in this Institute was wood required for panel products. As a result established by the Government of India with number of panel products have been the assistance of United Nations Development developed utilizing bamboo. In this study Programme (UNDP) and Food and Agriculture investigations were carried out to manufacture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations in particle boards from bamboo. From the test the year 1988. results of particle board made from bamboo, it is found that the bamboo is suitable for the From then onwards the Institute is catering manufacture of flat pressed three layered to HRD needs of the wood based panel Grade-2 (FPT-2) Particle boards and meets industries through several training the requirements as prescribed in IS programmes. In this endeavour the Institute 3087(2005) for Grade 2 Medium Density has excellent infrastructural facilities for Particle board. classroom teaching, laboratory and factory simulated facilities for “hands on” training in The present research work was planned Sawdoctoring, Saw milling, Plywood, Resin with a view to examine the efficacy of two and Blockboard Manufacture, and Testing. newer pesticides viz., Lufenuron and Apart from lectures by experienced in-house Diflubenzuron against powder post beetle and termite. This is the first report on the use specialists and invited resource persons, audio- of Lufenuron and Diflubenzuron in the glue video sessions and laboratory practicals, line to control the wood borer and termite. emphasis is given to impart and improve Plywood samples were prepared using Phenol skills through demonstration and floor level Formaldehyde (PF) resin mixed with Lufenuron working.

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Post-graduate Diploma Course in was conducted during 11 – 15 July, Wood and Panel Products Technology 2011 at IPIRTI, Bangalore. The post graduate diploma course in – A short term training course on “Retention Wood and Panel Products Technology, the of preservative” was conducted during only one of its kind in the country had been 18 – 22 July, 2011 at IPIRTI Field widely recognized by the industry and the Station, Kolkata. trainees passed out from the course are in – A short term training course on “Plywood great demand among the panel industry. Manufacturing-II” (Adhesives for plywood and plywood manufacturing-resin PGDC, an one year job oriented training preparation, gluing, hot pressing) was course provides a unique opportunity to conducted during 25 – 29 July, 2011 at basic science and engineering graduates for IPIRTI, Bangalore. a career in one of the green industrial processing sectors viz., wood based industry. – A short term training course on “Testing of Plywood and Block board as per nd During the year, 22 batch for One year IS:303, IS:710, IS:1328, IS:4990 and Post-graduate Diploma Course in Wood and IS:1659 was conducted during 23 – 26 Panel Products Technology was conducted August, 2011 at IPIRTI, Bangalore. wherein 20 candidates completed the course – A short term training course on “Plywood successfully and 100% placement was Manufacturing Technology” was arranged through Campus selection process. conducted during 02 August, 2011 to nd The trainees of 22 batch PGD course have 07 September, 2011 at IPIRTI Field been placed in all the leading Plywood and Station, Kolkata. Panel Industries. Twenty third batch PGDC – A short term training course on “Testing course commenced on October, 2011 with of fire retardant plywood” was conducted 19 candidates. during 21 – 22 September, 2011 at Short Term Training Courses IPIRTI Centre, Mohali. Conducted – A special training course on testing of – A short term training course on “Resin Structural Plywood was conducted during Manufacturing” was conducted during 01- 04 Nov 2011. 04 – 11 April, 2011 at IPIRTI Field – Training Course on “Veneer & Resin Station, Kolkata. Manufacture” was conducted from 5th – A short term training course on “Testing September, 2011 to 30th September, of Plywood, Block board and Flush 2011 for 10 candidates sponsored by door” was conducted during 11 – 14 M/s. Rai Plywood (K) Ltd, Kenya. April, 2011 at IPIRTI Field Station, Kolkata. Wildlife Education and Training – A short term training course on “Plywood Wildlife Institute of India (WII) Manufacturing Technology” was Wildlife education and training is conducted during 02 – 30 May, 2011 primarily looked after by Wildlife Institute of at IPIRTI Field Station, Kolkata. India (WII), Dehradun; an autonomous institute – A short term training course on “Plywood of the Ministry for imparting training to Manufacturing-I” (log storage, centering, government and non-governmental personnel peeling, clipping, drying, knife grinding) to carry out research and training activities

230 Annual Report 2011-2012 and advice on matters of conservation and Conservator of Forests and equivalent management of wildlife resources. The details levels. During the period, the of educational and training programmes Management Term Paper Exercise has conducted by the Institute are as follows: been completed by the officer trainees. The field work was conducted from Academic and Training March 30 to April 9, 2011 in Courses and Training Programmes , J&K; Velavadar National Park, Gujarat; – XII M.Sc. (Wildlife Science) Course, Satpuda Tiger Reserve, Madhya June 2009 to July 2011. A total of 11 Pradesh; Wayanad Wildlife Sancuary, candidates (nine Indians and two foreign Kerala; and Nameri Tiger Reserve, nationals) joined the course. Besides, Assam. Management Plan Exercise was classroom teaching of IV semester, the conducted at Nagarhole Tiger Reserve students completed their field research in Karnataka during May 1-31, 2011. and dissertation projects in different All the 20 officer trainees have States of the country during the reporting successfully completed the Course. period. They also submitted their dissertation report to the concerned – XXXIII Post Graduate Diploma in 8 supervisors. After presentation of Advanced Wildlife Management, dissertation work and Viva-Voce during September 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012. July 27-28, 2011, all the students have The XXXIII Post Graduate Diploma in successfully completed the course. Advanced Wildlife Management commenced on September 1, 2011. A – XIII M.Sc. (Wildlife Science) Course, total of nine Officer Trainees from different June 2011 to June 2013. A national States of the country joined the course. entrance test was conducted in six cities Two IFS Probationers joined directly of the country for selection of M.Sc. after completing their training at Indira students on March 27, 2011. A total of Gandhi National Forest Academy, 13 candidates (12 Indians and one Dehradun as ‘Hari Singh Fellows’. The foreign national) joined the course after orientation tour took place during Personality and Aptitude Test during September 25-30, 2011 at Corbett Tiger May 19-20, 2011. The students were Reserve. It familiarized the officer trainees taken for their Orientation-cum-study Tour to the Terai-bhabar landscape and issues to Rajaji National Park during July 18- related to corridor management, people- 22, 2011. The Techniques Tour was park interface, relocation and mass conducted at Panna Tiger Reserve, tourism. Madhya Pradesh during October 14- 24, 2011. – XXVII Certificate Course in Wildlife Management, November 1, 2011 to – XXXII Advanced Post-Graduate January 31, 2012. XXVII Certificate Diploma Course in Wildlife Course in Wildlife Management Management, September 1, 2010 commenced on November 1, 2011 for to June 30, 2011. The 10-month P.G. three-month duration. A total of 16 Diploma Course in Advanced Wildlife participants, 6 Indian and two each Management commenced from 1st from Malaysia, Vietnam and Bhutan, September, 2010 at this Institute with and four from Bangladesh joined the 20 officer trainees of the rank of course. All the officer trainees have Deputy Conservator of Forests/Assistant successfully completed the course.

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– Training Programme for Wildlife West Bengal to link theory with the Professionals from Government practice of wildlife management. They of Bhutan, May 2-9, 2011. Twelve visited Nandankanan Zoo, Balukhand Wildlife professionals from Sakteng Konark Sanctuary, Debi River mouth, Wildlife Sanctuary of Nature Rushikulya Rookery, Chilika Lagoon, Conservation Division, Government of Alipore Zoo and Sunderbans Tiger Bhutan participated in training Reserve. programme on Wildlife Management of High Altitude Protected Areas. Course – Special Training Course for component included biodiversity and Officers of WWF-Pakistan, conservation issues in Bhutan and Eastern Dehradun, June 6-30, 2011. The Himalaya, monitoring of wildlife and course for WWF-Pakistan Officers was their habitats, forest vegetation and alpine conducted at Wildlife Institute of India. rangeland monitoring, recent advances A total of seven participants from in wildlife management in Himalaya, WWF-Pakistan and Department of project snow leopard, human wildlife Forest & Wildlife attended the program. conflicts and evaluation of effectiveness The basic objective of the course was of management in Himalayan Protected to provide an exposure on current Areas were delivered. scenario in wildlife and biodiversity conservation in India and facilitate – Special Training Course for understanding of various conservation Officers of Government of approaches and good wildlife Bangladesh, Dehradun, June 1-25, management practices. The first part 2011. The special training course was of the course was conducted at the organized by Wildlife Institute of India Institute during which interactive for officers from Bangladesh. It was classroom sessions were held on funded by Integrated Protected Area Co- contemporary wildlife issues. The Management Project (IPAC) of participants were taken for a visit to Government of Bangladesh. A total of Forest Research Institute; and Forest five participants from Departments of Survey of India to acquaint themselves Forest, Environment and Fisheries with the activities of these institutions. attended the program. They were also taken to Asan The first part of the course was conducted Conservation Reserve and Rajaji at the Institute during which interactive National Park to show the good classroom sessions were held on practices of participative wildlife contemporary wildlife issues. The management, wetland management participants were taken for a visit to etc. During the second part of the Forest Research Institute; Forest Survey course, the participants visited various of India; Indira Gandhi National Forest protected areas, zoos and rescue Academy; and Central Academy for centres in Uttarakhand, Delhi and State Forest Service to acquaint them Rajasthan to link theory with the with the activities of the various practice of wildlife management. They institutions engaged in training and also visited Corbett Tiger Reserve, research. During the second part of the National Zoological Park, Ranthambore course, the participants visited various Tiger Reserve and Jaipur Zoo & Rescue protected areas and zoos in Orissa and Centre.

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– National Level Training improvement of skills”. The idea for such Programme on “Biodiversity panel discussions was to have Conservation with a Focus on suggestions for up-gradation of skills of Ecological Monitoring”, Dehradun, foresters, adoption of modern techniques September 5-9, 2011. The National and their applications in forestry activities Level Training Programme for Scientists and advancement of individual careers and Technologists sponsored by with the ultimate aim of improving the Department of Science and Technology working of the State Forest Department was conducted at Wildlife Institute of for efficient service delivery to the people. India. The course had the following A total of 23 participants attended this objectives: (i) to make fully aware course. scientists on principles/approaches in Ecological Monitoring; (ii) to make them – One Week Compulsory Training scientists aware of causes of decline in Course on “Wildlife Offences: Role natural resources/habitats and species; of Intelligence Gathering and (iii) to make them aware of good practices Wildlife Forensics” for the IFS in Ecological Monitoring; (iv) to establish officers, Dehradun, January 16-20, linkages and facilitate sharing of 2012. The course conducted at the 8 information among scientists; (v) to Institute was sponsored by the Ministry reiterate their role in creation of baseline of Environment and Forests, Government information and database management. of India. This course was designed to give an overview of wildlife offences In all 22 participants from 16 different situation in the country and existing organizations participated in the mechanism and strategies to deal with programme. During the course the the problem. There were 20 IFS Officers participants were exposed to case from 11 States participated in the course. studies, field monitoring methods and During the training programme, sessions hands-on training in the lab with were planned to discuss the wildlife analytical tools. Crime scenario, understand and interpret – One Week Compulsory Training Wildlife Protection Act, Custom Act, Course on “Human-Wildlife CITES and Cr. P.C. Role of agencies like Conflict: Issues and Mitigation”, Wildlife Crime Control Bureau, Customs, Dehradun, December 12-16, 2011. ITBP, BSF and Army involved in dealing This course was conducted at Wildlife with illegal trade in wildlife articles and Institute of India, Dehra Dun as per the need for intelligence gathering by the instructions from the Ministry of Forest Department and local police Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, administration was discussed. New Delhi. The course was for the in- The Wildlife crime Control Bureau, New service IFS Officers from various States Delhi provided special inputs for this of the country. Overall the programme programme. Field visit to Rajaji National sensitized the officers about their role in Park was organized to understand the Human Wildlife Conflict. There was a Protection Strategies: Intelligence panel discussion on the topic Gathering, Anti-Poaching Strategies and “Improvement in the working of Forest Role of Wildlife Forensics in Dealing Departments – Need for career with Wildlife Crime in the Park. The development through training and participants could perceive the

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complexity of Wildlife Crime and the only towards flagship species but also Role of Forensic Evidence for proper some other lesser known keystone Enforcement. They interacted with Park species. Manager to understand the key factors Meetings, Workshops, Seminars and threatening the rich Biodiversity of the Other Activities Park and what form of innovative strategies are required to combat wildlife – Second Himalayan Day crime. celebrated, Dehradun, September 9, 2011. The Institute conducted a – Attachment of Probationers of Consultation Meeting on 2nd Himalayan Indian Revenue Service (Customs Day. The faculty members, researchers nd & Central Excise) Group - A 62 and M.Sc. students discussed the Batch with Wildlife Institute of contribution of Wildlife Institute of India India, Dehradun, January 16-27, in establishing knowledge base 2012 and January 30 - February 10, specifically on the biodiversity richness, 2012. The training module basically conservation issues and wildlife aimed at sensitizing the young officers management related aspects of the of Indian Revenue Service (Customs & Himalayan Landscape. The deliberations Central Excise) towards wildlife trade in focused to work out strategies for the country and their role in checking sustaining Himalayan ecosystem as well it. The course was attended by a large as on aspects of better outreach of group of 167 officers attended in two science based information to authorities groups having varying educational in particular and the civil society in background. Various inputs including general to facilitate environment friendly introduction on importance of decisions enabling conservation of bio- biodiversity and its conservation, status resources without compromising the of endangered species including ecosystem services of Himalayan flagship species like tiger and it’s landscape. It was also decided to publish monitoring, special inputs on illegal popular articles pertaining to research trade in wildlife articles including in Himalayan region in the coming butterflies, shahtoosh, rhino horn, skins, issues of WII Newsletter. and tiger bones. Inputs were also given – VII-Internal Annual Research on importance of plant taxonomy and Seminar (IARS), October 10, 2011. trade in medicinal plants. During the IARS, a total of 15 presentations were made in four technical – Special inputs were given on the role of sessions viz. Vegetation Ecology and Wildlife Forensic in dealing with wildlife Population Estimation; Captive cases. Officers were also given basic Management and Conservation information on the implementation of Breeding; Development and Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, CITES Conservation Interface and Habitat and and TRAFFIC. Apart from providing Species Assessment. The presentations indoor inputs, the officers were also were based on recently initiated and taken in protected areas like Corbett ongoing research studies and were made National Park where they had interaction by research fellows of the Institute. The with forest officers. Jungle safaris in the presentations were evaluated by a panel Dhikala and Bijrani area of Corbett of judges and five of them were adjudged National Park have sensitized them not

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as the ‘best presentations’ and the collaboration with the 127 Infantry concerned research personnel were Division, Ecological, Indian Army at awarded book prizes each worth Rs. Mana, the last Indian village bordering 1500/-. China. This was a unique celebration – XXV Annual Research Seminar organized in biting cold and drizzle, (ARS) of WII, Dehradun, October which of course could succeed in stalling 11-12, 2011. The XXV Annual Research landing of the helicopter bringing Chief Seminar of the Institute was chaired by Ministers of Uttarakhand and Madhya Prof. R. Sukumar, Chairman, Training, Pradesh but did not succeed in Research and Academic Council (TRAC). dampening the spirit of the 400 people A total of 19 presentations were made gathered there. The Chief Minister of in five technical sessions. The Uttarakhand, who could not travel to presentations were based on the ongoing Mana due inclement weather, addressed research studies of the Institute. the gathering via mobile telephone. The 10 million and 1 plant of Bhoj Patra, About 225 delegates/participants which once was abundant in the area, attended the ARS that included the was planted by the local MLA. Director, Principal Chief Conservators of Forests, WII also planted a sapling of local 8 Chief Wildlife Wardens and other senior species. The ladies and the children of officials representing State Forest Mana village participated in a drawing Departments, delegates representing competition. A puppet show titled “Ped NGOs, scientists, conservationists, na Kato” (Do not cut trees) was organized wildlife experts, faculty members, for the jawans and their families. An researchers, M.Sc. students and the exhibition on ‘Biodiversity of Uttarakhand’ officer trainees of the Post Graduate was also put up as part of the celebration. Diploma Course at WII. A panel including The celebration at Mana brought all the eminent scientists, academicians, stakeholders on one platform – the conservationists and wildlife managers people, government agencies and the adjudged the ‘best five presentations’ policy makers. Forging of such made during the XXIV Annual Research partnerships augurs well for our efforts Seminar of the Institute. All five towards a greener and cleaner researchers were given book awards, environment. each worth Rs.1500/-. A photography – Workshop on ‘Emerging Issues in competition was also held during the Wildlife Conservation’, Dehradun, ARS and the winners were awarded June 5, 2011. The workshop was with book prizes. conducted at the Institute campus. Padma – Celebration of World Environment Vibhushan Shri Sunderlal Bahuguna Ji, Day, June 5, 2011. As part of Leader of Chipko Movement, was the nationwide celebrations on the occasion Chief Guest on this occasion. Ms. of World Environment Day under the Susanne Bech, Associate Programme aegis of Ministry of Environment & Officer, UNEP, Nairobi also attended Forests, Govt. of India, the Institute the workshop and briefed the participants organized following two programmes: about the UNEP’s programmes. A total – Awareness program at Mana, June of 60 participants, of which 27 1, 2011. Wildlife Institute of India (representing 15 NGOs and civil organized an awareness program in societies of Uttarakhand), WII faculty

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members, students, researchers and the Institute participated in the workshop. officer trainees attended the workshop. Group discussions were held for The objectives of the workshop were: (i) discussing the problems in use of the to provide a comprehensive Rajbhasha. understanding of Biodiversity Conservation issues in India; (ii) building – Wildlife Week celebrated, capacity for effective and sustained Dehradun, October 2-8, 2011. The participation of Civil Society Wildlife Week was celebrated at the Organisations/ NGOs in biodiversity Institute during October 2-8, 2011. The conservation; and (iii) to have a platform main aim of the Wildlife Week was to to examine how civil society can make the younger generation aware contribute to biodiversity conservation. about the importance of wildlife for the The workshop has been able to identify entire world. The following activities areas of cooperation between the Civil were organized by the Institute during Society Groups and the Forest the Wildlife Week: (i) An Environment & Department for future action. The detailed Wildlife Quiz was organized by the outcome of the workshop is under Institute in collaboration with the Friends finalization for wider dissemination. of Doon, Dehradun for the school children – Workshop on ‘Implementation of of Dehradun, and (ii) A State level quiz Rajbhasha’, Dehradun, September competition was organized for the 14, 2011. A workshop on students of different districts of implementation of Rajbhasha was Uttarakhand as part of the Corbett organized at the Institute on the Hindi Platinum Jubilee celebrations. It was Diwas. The aim of the workshop was to conducted by the Institute in collaboration discuss about maximizing the use of with the Forest Department of Rajbhasha in the Institute and informing Uttarakhand. The winners were awarded the staff about the policies & rules of the during the Corbett Platinum Jubilee Rajbhasha. The officers and the staff of celebration.

236 CHAPTER-9 CENTRES OF EXCELLENCE Ministry of Environment & Forests

Centres of Excellence environmental education in India’s overall environment and development strategy. CEE Enhancement of people’s awareness about is a national institution engaged in developing environment requires capacity building at programmes and material to increase institutional and individual level for providing awareness and concern, leading to action, adequate support to the efforts in the fields regarding the environment and sustainable of environment education, research and development. It has inherited the rich training. To serve this end, the Ministry multidisciplinary resource base and varied launched the scheme ‘Centres of Excellence’ experience of Nehru Foundation for in 1983 to promote institutions in priority Development (NFD), its parent organization, areas of Environmental Sciences and which has been promoting educational efforts Management. since 1966 in the areas of science, nature Ten Centres of Excellence have so far study, health, development and environment. been established in different areas: Paryavaran Mitra Programme (i) Centre for Environment Education (CEE), “Paryavaran Mitra”, one of the largest Ahmedabad sustainability and climate change education (ii) CPR Environmental Education Centre programmes in the world, was launched in (CPREEC), Chennai CEE, on 24 July 2010. The Paryavaran Mitra (iii) Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Programme is an initiative of CEE in partnership Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru with the Ministry of Environment and Forests (iv) Centre of Mining Environment (CME), (MOEF) and is supported by Arcelor Mittal. Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad Paryavaran Mitra is a programme for (v) Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and students that envisions creating Paryavaran Natural History (SACON), Coimbatore Mitra (Friends of the Environment) in schools (vi) Centre for Environment Management of across India. The goal of the programme is Degraded Ecosystem (CEMDE), University to create a network of young people across of Delhi, Delhi the nation who have the knowledge, awareness (vii) Madras School of Economics (MSE), and commitment to meet the challenges of Chennai global citizenship and climate change. The (viii) Foundation for Revitalization of Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), Bengaluru (ix) The Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute (TBGRI), Thiruvananthapuram (x) Centre for Animals and Environment, CARTMAN, Bengaluru. Centre for Environment Education (CEE), Ahmedabad Centre for Environment Education (CEE) was established in 1984 as a Centre of Excellence in Environmental Education, supported by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (M0EF), Government of India, in recognition of the importance of Fig-66. Environment Education Orientation Session

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Paryavaran Mitra programme aims to guide, National Green Corps (NGC) facilitate, capacity build students through CEE implements NGC programme in 15 curriculum-linked activities and co-curricular states and two Union Territories as resource action projects to take positive environmental agency. action at individual, community, national and global level. There were regular meetings with Nodal Agencies for planning and strengthening the The first phase of the programme is for NGC programme. This helped in planning a period of three years from 2010-2013 annual activities of the NGC. Around 2 state during which the aim is to reach students in and 10 district level training programmes classes from standards six - nine (age group were facilitated, and around 15 events for 11-15 years). Two lakh schools and two NGC schools on various environmentally crore school students across the country are significant days were organized. Around 1 - to be reached in this phase. 2 % schools were visited for monitoring and So far, 1,56,000 schools have been outreach events at various levels were enrolled and more than 1,20000 students organized Four to five prototypes of resource have received the first set of material translated material which included manuals, posters, into 13 Indian languages. The programme stickers, pamphlets, etc were also developed. 9 has a total of 160 partnerships including Biodiversity Conservation Pollution Control Boards in most states, grassroots NG0s, school networks like the Ganges River Dolphin Conservation Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, and Army Education Public Schools. Master Trainers, teachers and CEE with support from the Ministry of others have been directly or indirectly oriented Environment and Forests (MoEF) has initiated about the programme. Of the total schools a two-year project on Ganges River Dolphin enrolled, more than 7533 schools have Conservation Education Programme in the carried out action projects in the five north and north eastern and eastern region of Paryavaran Mitra themes, i.e- Water and India. A total of 20 locations have been Sanitation, Biodiversity and Greening, Culture identified in Assam, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and and Heritage, Energy, and Waste West Bengal to conduct school activities in Management. A Paryavaran Mitra Lead School each location with 25 clusters of schools. To will mentor schools in their immediate facilitate activities partner NGOs have been surroundings to encourage, guide, and selected for carrying out education activities facilitate them in the process of becoming focusing on river dolphins. An educational Paryavaran Mitra schools. A Lead school is package for various target groups has been a school that shows leadership in actions for developed in four languages - English, Hindi, sustainability. It is a school that not only Bengali and Assamese. The brochure and demonstrates best practices, but also helps posters have reached all 20 clusters with other schools in developing a vision and an more than 475 schools on board for the action plan for becoming Paryavaran Mitra project. Two national level workshops and 16 School. Teacher Training workshops were organized. Paryavaran Mitra represents Hand print A national river dolphin camp was organized action. Hand print is a measure of Education for schools at Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin for Sustainable Development (ESD) action; Sanctuary. During the Magh Mela in action that is directed to decrease the human Allahabad, a three-day event was organized footprint and make the world more sustainable. to involve religious groups in spreading the conservation messages.

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Science Express citizens to participate in the protection of the ‘Science Express’ is a unique, state-of-the- environment. art exhibition train that has done four runs ‘Forests for Sustainable Livelihood’, the across the country, bringing science awareness theme for the 2011-12 NEAC programme, is to the doorsteps of millions of children, youth aimed at sensitising citizens about the and other citizens. In its next phase, starting importance of forest conservation. Some of April 2012, this train will become the the components under this theme include Biodiversity Special and carry special exhibits protection to sacred groves, promotion of on biodiversity of India. It will reach bio-farming, promotion of the use of eco Hyderabad/Secunderabad in September/ friendly and organic products, revival of October 2012 to coincide with the 11th traditional herbal remedies, promotion of Conference of Parties to the Convention on alternate energy sources, to name a few. The Biodiversity (CBD COP11) being held there. theme is important considering the United Nations General Assembly declared 2011 as In partnership with the MoEF Department the International Year of Forests to raise of Science & Technology, CEE is specially awareness on sustainable management, designing eight coaches for this purpose. conservation and sustainable development of Through visuals, models, audio-video and all types of forests. interactive exhibits, it is planned to portray India’s unique biodiversity in national and As part of NEAC, participating agencies eco-regional thematic modes, its relationship which included NG0s, schools and colleges, with mankind, its place in our diverse and community organizations and government ancient cultures, its importance, status, threats, institutions from across the country submitted conservation needs, action being taken by proposals to promote awareness and initiate government and other agencies, along with action for the conservation of forests. Awareness some success stories. The entire exhibition will activities proposed included workshops, rallies, be targeted at non-specialists and common exhibitions, street plays and padyatras. Some citizens, especially school college students, other proposals were plantation drives, teachers and families. demonstrations of bio-farming, creation of ENVIS biodiversity registers, plantation of indigenous species and creation of seed banks to name Four issues of the newsletter Education a few. for Change were brought out as part of the For NEAC 2011-12, CEE was associated activities of the ENVIS Centre on Environmental with the campaign in the capacity of a Centre Education of which Vol 17.1 and 2 were of Excellence. CEE representatives worked electronic versions. The website “Green with 21 Regional Resource Agencies (RRAs) Teacher” was regularly updated and new located across the country and helped content added every month, including EE scrutinize about 9000 proposals received by activities, book reviews, articles on EE, the RRAs. The shortlisted proposals were information on events and environment days. recommended to the regional committees. National Environment Awareness This initial round of proposal scrutiny was Campaign followed up by the four regional committee National Environment Awareness meetings. In the capacity of a member in Campaign (NEAC), a national programme of these regional committees, CEE representatives the MoEF aims to create environmental helped in the final shortlisting of proposals for awareness across the country and inspire the sanctioning process.

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Conferences international journal, Journal of Education for Asia- Pacific UNEP TUNZA Children Sustainable Development (JESD) were brought and Youth Conference 2012 out in March and September, 2011. The Journal is a forum for academics and CEE in partnership with UNEP TUNZA practitioners to share and critique innovations and Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF), in thinking and practice in the emerging field Government of India organized a three-day of Education for Sustainable Development conference from 6th to 8th February, 2012 in (ESD). The journal is formatted in sections of Ahmadabad, India. UNEP TUNZA news, opinion, project descriptions, research, International Youth Conference, held every academic opportunities and reviews. Research two years, bring together children and youth articles develop, test, or advance ESD theory, from all over the world, giving them the research or practice. Project descriptions opportunity to share and learn from one focus on innovative ESD projects and another and strengthen their environmental programmes. A special section addresses commitments. The Asia Pacific UNEP TUNZA international news and events related to the Conference will have a regional focus on UN Decade of Education for Sustainable environmental action by children and youth Development (2005-2014). The journal of the region. publishes reviews of books, videos/films, 9 Children and youth from Asia-Pacific curricula, and other print and non print ESD region will gather together to share their materials and programmes. Notes and concerns on issues of sustainable lifestyles comments from readers continue the discussion. and responsibility towards the planet. The C.P.R. Environmental Education Conference will help in bringing in the Centre (CPREEC) perspective of the young to the discussions and outcomes of two significant international Introduction events: the Rio+20 or the United Nations To create awareness among various Conference on Sustainable Development stakeholders about current environmental issues (UNCSD) to be held in Brazil and the and our responsibilities towards the Conference of Parties on Convention of preservation of our environment. The Biological Diversity (CBD COP 11) in India, programmes are conducted in the states of both being organized in 2012. Children and Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, youth will work together to develop a charter Odisha, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu and of recommendations to be presented in these the Union Territories of Andaman and Nicobar conferences. The delegates for the ‘Children’s Islands and Puducherry. Conference’ will include105 Indian Progress /achievements made during participants who will be selected from the the year National Green Corps (NGC) school network and 100 international participants (120 Green Schools of India children and 85 teachers/parents/guardians). C.P.R. Environmental Education Centre The ‘Youth Conference’ will have 100 youth (CPREEC)’s Green Schools of India (GSI) was participants from the SAYEN and other youth launched in 2007 in Chennai, Bengaluru, networks. Hyderabad, , Mysore and Puducherry. Journal of Education for Sustainable More schools have been included this year. Development This scheme involves students from schools in five areas of environmental management: Two issues of the peer-reviewed reducing energy and water consumption,

241 Ministry of Environment & Forests waste management, greening the campus and eco systems and wetlands. The participants animal welfare. were taken on field visits to reserve forests. This programme has been developed in Teachers and students were trained in the converting environmental awareness education preparation of biodiversity register. into action. NGC schools also participated Sacred Groves in the GSI campaign. Several schools have CPREEC has been conserving and restoring introduced the concept of GSI and has lead sacred groves since 1993-94. Tree plantation to reduction in water and energy consumption and maintenance have been going on in the and establishment of composting pits for existing eight sites in the states of Karnataka effective solid waste management. Some and Tamil Nadu. Orientation programmes for schools have set up herbal gardens in their school students were organized at the sacred school campus and are maintaining them. grove sites to motivate them towards sacred Annual Green School Award was given to the grove conservation. Saplings were distributed best performing schools. to school students. Environmental Education for Teachers Women and the Environment Teachers selected by the state Departments CPREEC trained women of villages in of Education in the states of Andhra Pradesh, waste management, vermicomposting, organic Karnataka, Kerala, Goa, Orissa, Maharashtra farming, health and nutrition. Saplings and and Tamil Nadu are trained to teach seeds were distributed to the participants and environmental concepts. Updated resource seed banks of local varieties were established materials were distributed. by the women self help groups. CPREEC also Kompassionate Kids surveyed the growth rate of saplings and seeds distributed to them in the previous year. Kompassionate Kids - a project funded On an average 75% survived. by the Winsome Constance Kindness Trust, Australia, and the C.P. Ramaswami Aiyar Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve Foundation to extend the scope of Conservation Education environmental education; taught children about The importance of the Nilgiris Biosphere the link between their food and environmental Reserve was conveyed to the teachers, teacher damage as well as the importance of kindness trainees, villagers, women and students in the to animals. Workshops for teachers and districts of Nilgiris, Coimbatore, Thiruppur orientation programmes for students were and Erode in Tamil Nadu, Wayanad in organized in existing and additional schools Kerala, Mysore and Chamraja Nagar districts in Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. Mobile panels in Karnataka. The annual Anti Plastic on the importance of animal welfare were Campaign of CPREEC was organized at the displayed in the schools. Competitions were Botanical Garden in Doty in the Nilgiris. organized for the participating school children. Ozone day celebrations and wildlife week All the participating schools have formed celebrations were also organized. Kindness Clubs. Andaman & Nicobar Islands Biodiversity Conservation Education Conservation Education Workshops on biodiversity conservation Teachers, teacher trainees, students and education were conducted for teachers, women were chosen for programmes on the students, women, villagers in the states of importance of the island ecosystem. Exhibition Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. on Forests of India was put up for the benefit The focus was on tropical forests, degraded of the islanders. The Education Department,

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Andaman Administration had identified locations in Chennai city in Tamil Nadu and CPREEC to organize orientation programmes ambient air quality survey in in for the in-service teachers throughout the Island. Andhra Pradesh. CPREEC also carried out Exhibition sea water intrusion surveys at Chennai, Puducherry and East Coast around An exhibition on ‘Forests of India’ was Pallikkaranai marsh. In addition to the above, designed and put up at Chennai. The same CPREEC also analyzed lake water samples, exhibition was put up Science Festival water samples from temple tanks, mineral organized by and water samples and packaged water samples at Central Agricultural Research Institute in Chennai city and also water samples (CART), Port Blair in Andaman & Nicobar collected from various river basins of Tamil Islands. A pamphlet on Forests of India was Nadu. The samples were analyzed for distributed free to all visitors. Inter quiz chemical and microbial parameters. competition was conducted to assess the ENVIS Centre student’s comprehension. Econews CPREEC’s ENVIS Centre on Conservation of Ecological Heritage and Sacred Sites of Four issues of the quarterly newsletter India has expanded the existing database on 9 ECONEWS were brought out. various aspects of Indian ecological heritage Indian Journal of Environmental with primary and secondary sources. The Bi- Education Annual ENVIS newsletter ECOHERITAGE.COM was published in the prescribed format. A This is a peer-reviewed journal published seminar on Ecological Traditions of Madhya annually. Pradesh was held in Bhopal. Publications National Green Corps (NGC) CPREEC’s publications are regularly CPREEC is the Resource Agency (RA) for updated and reprinted. This year, a new book NGC in the states of Andhra Pradesh, on Climate Change and a booklet on Forests Karnataka, Kerala, Goa, Odisha, Tamil Nadu of India in English, Tamil and Telugu were and Union Territories of Andaman & Nicobar brought out. Islands and Puducherry. Workshops were Earlier booklets on Climate Change organised for selected district NGC teacher- (English, Tamil and Telugu), ‘Nilgiris Biosphere coordinators in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Reserve’ in English, ‘Biodiversity’ in English Karnataka, Odisha, Tamil Nadu and Union and ‘Air Pollution - a poster’ in Tamil were Territory of Puducherry. NGC schools re-published. participated in the GSI campaign. Resource materials were provided to all the Nodal Appropriate resource materials produced Agencies. by CPREEC were distributed to the participants of the various training programmes organised Biomedical Waste Management in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, CPREEC conducted workshops on Tamil Nadu and the Union Territories of Biomedical Waste Management for Medical Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Puducherry. Officers at Bhubaneswar in Odisha, Chengalpatu and Trichy in Tamil Nadu. The Research and Surveys workshops were organized in collaboration CPREEC carried out ambient air quality, with the State Pollution Control Board and the water level and noise level surveys at various Indian Medical Association.

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International Biodiversity Day schools in Chennai city. The GPS readings of Celebrations the schools in Coimbatore and Mysore have CPREEC’s state office at Andhra Pradesh been recorded and communicated to the organized a programme for villagers of Medak GLOBE Country Coordinator. District while CPREEC’s Field Office at Ooty National Environmental Awarenes organized a programme for women in Nilgiris. Campaign (NEAC) The Field Office at Port Blair in the Andaman CPREEC was assigned to organize the & Nicobar Islands organized a Lecture on National Level Interactive workshop of Regional Island Ecology with special reference to Resource Agencies (RRAs) for effective Biodiversity Conservation. To mark the day, implementation of NEAC – 2011-12 at New saplings were planted at the Botanical Survey Delhi on August 30, 2011. CPREEC of India (BSI) gai’den and a signature developed a pamphlet on Forests for campaign. Sustainable Livelihood and was distributed to World Environment Day Celebrations all the participating RRAs. CPREEC organized a Nature Camp, A pamphlet on Forests of India was funded by Ministry of Environment and Forests, distributed to NGOs and educational Government of India at the Mudumalai Tiger institutions implementing NEAC in northern Reserve in the Nilgiris for selected students districts of Tamil Nadu, Andaman & Nicobar from schools from June 3–5, 2011. Islands and Puducherry. Mr. Deepak Srivastava, IFS., Director, Organizing programmes for Public Hill Area Development Project (HADP), Ooty, Works Department, Government of inaugurated the Nature Camp. Tamil Nadu C. P. R. Environmental Education On behalf of Public Works Department Centre’s Award for Environmental (PWD)/Water Resources Division (WRD), Education Government of Tamil Nadu, CPREEC organized orientation programmes for school Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, Chairman, students in the river basins of Tamil Nadu CPREEC, gave away the annual C. P. R. under IAMWARM Project. Environmental Education Centre Award for Environmental Education - 2011 to Mr. B.V. TRIFED Programmes Gundappa, Assistant Master, Government Pre- Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development university College, Nagavalli, Tumkur Taluk, Federation of India Limited (TRIFED), Tumkur District, Karnataka, in recognition of his Government of India, sanctioned a Project for contribution to the use of environmental education the Primary Level Training (PLT) Programme on and awareness among the students and the Tribal Painting for the Kurumba local community of Nagavalli in Tumkur district tribals at Kengarai Panchayat, Taluk, to protect wildlife and water resources. Nilgiris District, in Tamil Nadu, covering GLOBE Programmes freehand drawing and painting techniques. CPREEC in collaboration with the US Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Consulate General, Chennai organised the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), GLOBE workshop for teachers at Coimbatore Bengaluru in Tamil Nadu and at Mysore in Karnataka. Brief Objective GLOBE kits were distributed to all the participating 38 schools, 20 existing GLOBE The Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES),

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Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru is other 30 had dense thickets. The frequency conducting research, education, extension & of occurrence and abundance of seedlings training for field managers in the broad area were modeled as a function of dispersal mode of ecology with special emphasis on the (, bird or mechanical) and affinities Western Ghats with practical application in to forest habitats (dry forest, moist forest or conservation and sustainable development of ubiquitous) as well as presence or absence natural areas of Western Ghats. of dense L. camara thickets. Furthermore, Activities undertaken so far frequency of occurrence and abundance of individual species were also compared The Centre has continued to do cutting- between thickets and no L. camara. At the edge research in diverse areas of ecology community level, L. camara density, dispersal and evolutionary biology that range from the mode and forest habitat affinities of species social behaviour of single-celled organisms determined both frequency of oc’currence such as slime moulds to the largest land and abundance of seedlings, with the mammals, the , and from the abundance of dry-forest mammal-dispersed chemistry to the molecular ecology of species species and ubiquitous mechanically dispersed interactions, besides questions concerning species being significantly lower under L. planetary issues such as climate change and camara thickets. Phyllanthus emblica and 9 published 47 refereed papers in reputed Kydia calycina were found to be significantly international and national journals, a book on less abundant under L. camara, whereas most Asian Elephants and seven popular articles in other species were not affected by the presence addition to three chapters in books and five of thickets. It was inferred that, by affecting book reviews. The Centre organized the establishment of native tree seedlings, L. International and National level conferences catnara thickets could eventually alter the and symposia like the Students Conference on community composition of such forests. Conservation Science and the unique meeting Acoustic biodiversity monitoring for young ecologists of the country called the ‘Young Ecologists Talk and Interact’ (YETI). The Centre is developing acoustic Seventeen scientists from abroad and different sampling as a tool to identify and monitor parts of India visited the centre and interacted species in tropical evergreen forests, with an with the faculty members and students. emphasis on crickets, birds and bats. One of Progress / achievements during the the aims is to compare the efficacy of listener- year based psychoacoustic sampling with instrument- based recordings of the same. Ecology of Invasive Plants Recently, a new acoustic entropy-based Lantana camara, a shrub of Central and diversity index has been proposed based on South American origin, has become invasive ambient noise recordings but this has not been across dry forests worldwide. The effect of the validated against measurements of species thicket-forming habit of L. camara as a diversity using more standard methods. In the dispersal and recruitment barrier in a past year, the study was carried out in community of native woody seedlings was of Karnataka, which has a lot examined in a 50-ha permanent plot located of evergreen forest cover. Instrument recordings in the seasonally dry forest of Mudumalai, of the dawn chorus were carried out southern India. Sixty 100-m2 plots were simultaneously with listener-based point counts. enumerated for native woody seedlings The acoustic diversity index was found to be between 10-100 cm in height. Of these, 30 problematical when compared with plots had no L. camara thickets, while the psychoacoustic sampling. The Centre is

245 Ministry of Environment & Forests currently evaluating an alternative song to laboratory to field-based research with the recognition software, Songscope, which uses different approaches being used in a a pattern recognition algorithm, for its efficacy complementary manner. in acoustic species identification. Centre for Mining Environment Chemical Ecology (CME), Indian School of Mines, The Centre investigated day-night Dhanbad differences in fruit odours in two species of Centre for Mining Environment (CME) figs, Ficus racemosa and Ficus benghalensis. was inducted as a Centre of Excellence in The volatile bouquet of fruit of F. racemosa 1987 on a project mode. The Centre is that are largely dispersed by bats and other supported by the Ministry of Human Resource mammals was dominated by fatty acid Development for its staff and revenue derivatives such as esters. In this species in expenditure for running the Centre. The Centre which the ripe fig phase is very short, and has been mainly engaged in R&D activities where the figs drop off soon after ripening, and the associated research publications, and there were no differences between day and in training personnel in mining sector and night in fruit volatile signature. The volatile involved in issues of academic interest bouquet of fruit of F. benghalensis that has a pertaining to mining and environment. long ripening period, however, and that remain attached to the tree for extended Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and periods when ripe, showed an increase in Natural History (SACON), fatty acid derivatives such as esters and of Coimbatore benzenoids such as benzaldehyde at night when they are dispersed by bats, and an Brief Objectives elevation of sesquiterpenes during the day The Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and when they are dispersed by birds. The Centre Natural History (SACON) was established in has the data to suggest that the volatile signal 1990 as a fully funded centre of excellence produced by fruit can show diel differences under the Ministry with objectives of research based on the activity period of the dispersal in Ornithology covering all aspects of agent. biodiversity and Natural History, develop and Budget Allocation of the Scheme conduct regular courses in ornithology and during the year and progress of natural history, create a data bank on Indian Expenditure: Rs.125 lakhs ornithology and natural history, and disseminate knowledge relating to ornithology Implementing Organizations along and natural history for the benefit of the with details of responsibilities community. The Centre for Ecological Sciences is Progress / Achievements made functioning under the Administrative control of during the year Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. The Centre maintains field stations near Mudumalai – SACON’s research projects largely Wildlife Sanctuary, and in Uttara and Dakshin involve studies on ecological community Kannada districts (Karnataka) in the Western / habitats, ecosystems, environmental Ghats to facilitate field research in areas contamination, environmental assessment, which include community and habitat ecology, consultancies, conservation actions and molecular genetics and conservation biology, nature / conservation education large mammal and forest ecology and climate programs. Studies have also been change. The projects range from theoretical conducted related to community

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conservation. As per SACON’s objective, Karnataka and it was thought necessary most of our studies are related to bird to indentify the threats faced by the species, their habitats and associated species and the conservation actions species. However, studies have also been required there. The study pointed NTFP undertaken on other species like lion- collection to be one of the major conflicts tailed macaques, fishing cats and reptiles, the species has with the people living in as these studies were expected to generate the area. Recommendations were given valuable information towards habitat for developing an appropriate harvesting conservation and understanding of the strategy so that these food items of ecological specificities. macaques are available to them at an – Among the species specific studies on optimum level. Karnataka Forest birds the one on spot billed pelican in Department considered this Andhra Pradesh, and Edible nest swiftlets recommendation and incorporated them in Andaman & Nicobar Islands have in their current management plan for the been progressing with excellent outcomes. area. A study of large mammals in Studies on the Spot-billed Pelican, a Bannerghatta National Park, Karnataka globally near threatened species, was taken up on the request from the important recommendations are submitted Karnataka Forest Department which 9 for their conservation actions in the state. provided inputs for preparation of SACON’s in-situ conservation program, conservation action plan for the Park. for the Edible nest Swiftlet in its third phase, has resulted in almost 75% – The tsunami on the fateful December 26, population increase in the protected 2004 destroyed large stretches of coastal caves. The species has also started and mangrove forests in the Andaman & breeding in ex-situ Swiftlet houses made Nicobar Islands. It also resulted in a tilt especially for the purpose. in the land with the southernmost Nicobar – Studies on the ecology of free-ranging Islands having sunk by about 1.6 meters Indian Rock Python is first of its kind in while the Northern most Andaman Islands the country and has revealed several raised by about 1.2 meters. Considering ecological facts about the species which these, the present project focusing on were not earlier authenticated. Valuable littoral forests including mangroves in the management recommendations have also coastal areas of the Nicobar Islands was come up from the study. India is home taken up. Through this project, SACON to 15 species of cats, except the four big identified locations of poor colonization cats the small ones do not feature in any that needs to be appropriately restored major research or conservation planning with species belonging to littoral forests. in the country. The distribution of the – To strengthen the community conservation smaller ones especially the fishing cat in efforts by locals in north-eastern most India is unclear. This study was undertaken state of the country Nagaland, a three- to address the above facts and has year program focusing on five eastern identified several pockets where this villages of the state was undertaken species is distributed and suggested which culminated in this year. During this required conservation actions. The program documentation was done on phylogenetic relationships among different valuable indigenous ecological populations are also being worked out. knowledge, effectively communicate the – A new population of lion-tailed macaque need for nature conservation, and was discovered at Sirsi-Honnavara, facilitate formation of a few community

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conservation. areas. One of the important Sensitive Areas (ESAs) in the Western findings was that a such as programme Ghats using the Geographic Information should be extended to other districts of system framework. Upon request from the Nagaland and more than that a long Expert panel we assessed the levels of term programme with appropriate funding Ecological Sensitivity of entire stretch of needs to be taken up to keep up the the Western Ghats. tempo. – SACON entered into a technical service – SACON assessed 20 wetlands spreading contract with the Water Institute, Karunya over four districts of Andhra Pradesh and University to evaluate the Wetland Ecology documented the flora and fauna available component for the project “Monitoring in those areas under the program and Evaluation of Loktak Lake ‘Biodiversity assessment for environmental Management” being implemented by the monitoring of medium/minor irrigation Loktak Development Authority, Manipur. schemes in Andhra Pradesh’ Study of Evaluation of the water bird monitoring biodiversity in select wetlands of other was done in collaboration with Forest districts is also progressing. Applications Department-wildlife wing, Manipur and in free and open source geospatial tools recommendations submitted on both has been effectively demonstrated in one research and management components. of the studies on Environmental – As part of our ecotoxicological research, conservation at Bhavanpadu Thermal a comparative study of pesticide residues power plant, Srikakulam district, Andhra between organic and chemical farming Pradesh. Program for coastal wetland in Padayetti village, Kerala was mapping of Kerala, as a part of an undertaken where it was found that exercise by the Kerala biodiversity board significant difference in pesticide residue to document the wetlands of Kerala, accumulation is there between the two could delineate 66,568 ha coastal systems of farming. As part of the work wetlands in 9 districts of Kerala generating to assess Environmental Contaminants in relevant statistics handy for conservation birds in India 125 dead individuals were actions. SACON also have taken up an examined belonging to 30 species of ecological status survey of the wetlands birds and found DDT to be highest in of Srikakulam district, Andhra Pradesh as concentration followed by total HCH required by the MoEF. The study would and total endosulfan. Recently studies be completed shortly. were also initiated on investigation into – Indian Space Research Organization Endosulfan persistence in Kasaragod and (ISRO) has undertaken a project covering its impacts on human health and the entire country addressing the concerns environment. As part of Environmental on land use change, human vulnerability Assessment programme, SACON drafted and environmental change at the river Management Action Plan for Ousteri basin level. As part of this exercise, the Lake, Puducherry and submitted the same present study aims at documenting the to the forest department to pursue it land use and land cover dynamics in further. Other works include i) Impact of entire river basins of India during the last survey for drilling operations by M/s Oil 30 years. During the current year, the India Ltd on wildlife and avifauna at MoEF under the chairmanship of Prof. Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, ii) Impact Madhav Gadgil constituted an expert assessment of LNG terminal augmentation panel on Western Ghats Ecology to project by M/s PLL on the terrestrial flora recommend measures for conservation and fauna at Puthuvypeen, Kerala, iii) and to help delineate Ecologically Monitoring the impacts of Jangi Wind

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Power Farm (91.8 MW) with special Trevor Price (University of Chicago), and reference to Birds and Bats, and iv) Ian Barber (RSPB, UK), while delegates Baseline Environmental data collection from India included almost all senior for Mithiviridi Nuclear Power Plant during ornithologists as well as younger this year. generation of researchers, across the – SACON has been pursuing our nature country. Mr Hem Pande, Joint Secretary education programs in right earnest. to Government of India, MoEF chaired Several programmes were undertaken for one session, delivered talk on COP-11, Coimbatore and neighborhoods having and chaired the valedictory session on conducted camps for school students and 22nd November 2011. teachers and nature education – As per a commitment to the human competitions for students. Programs are resource development in the field, SACON also supported for training forest officials has 25 students working for their PhD and summer courses organized by local degree. SACON entered also into a universities. Coordination is also being Memorandum of Understanding with done for the DBTs Natural resources Indira Gandhi National Open University Awareness Clubs for School Children, an (IGNOU), New Delhi to conduct joint initiative of the National Bio-resource programmes in the areas of Environmental 9 Development Board (Department of Impact Assessment and Management in Biotechnology, Government of India). In distant education mode. It is planned to the A & N Islands, it is progressing well undertake a course of ornithology along and has offered good exposure to the the same line. local school children. Centre for Environmental – SACON organized the first International Management of Degraded Conference on Indian Ornithology (ICIO Ecosystems (CEMDE), University of - 2011), during 19-23 November, 2011. Delhi, Delhi The conference was inaugurated by Dr Dilip Kumar (DG of Forests & Special – The Centre of Excellence Programme of Secretary, MoEF, Government of India) MoEF at Centre for Environmental and the inaugural function was presided Management of Degraded Ecosystems over by Mr Lavkumar Kachar, noted (CEMDE), University of Delhi has been veteran conservationist. Noted engaged in: (i) development of environmental economist, Prof Paul P technologies for ecological restoration of Appasamy (Vice Chancellor, Karunya abandoned mined out sites, overburden University), and Dr AR Rahmani (Director, dumps (OBDs) of coal mined areas and BNHS) delivered Felicitation addresses. degraded forest ecosystems of Aravalli, About 250 participants, including special (ii) management of invasive species invitees, attended the conference for MI especially Lantana in forests ecosystems, three days. The Pre-conference workshop (iii) management of grasslands in scheduled on 19th November was also protected areas, (iv) preparation of new well received. Experts from abroad flora of Delhi and (v) training of included Drs Pamela C. Rasmussen stakeholders as a part of capacity building (Michigan State University, USA), Rhys in action research in the areas of Green (Royal Society for the Protection environment and ecology. The major of Birds and Department of Zoology, achievements made during 2011-2012 University of Cambridge, UK), are as follows: Mohammad Ali Reza Khan (Dubai Zoo, UAE), Christopher Bowden (RSPB, UK), – A site-specific restoration technology has

249 Ministry of Environment & Forests

been developed for the stabilization of plants in Delhi were relocated and New fine iron ore dumps. Using this technology, Flora of Delhi State is being prepared. a 10 acre experimental plot at the fine – Studies on grassland management in ore dump of National Mineral Corbett Tiger Reserve revealed that: (i) Development Corporation (NMDC) at unusual ecological succession of 35 Bacheli was successfully vegetated using different single alien species dominated native grass species and other woody communities were observed in flooded elements through ecological restoration. (for three months) lowland grasslands of A highly degraded forest ecosystem in Dhikala after receding flood waters, (ii) the Beed area of Vidya Bhawan Society these weedy communities were in Udaipur range of Aravalli hills was subsequently replaced by grasses successfully ecologically restored through regenerated from old clumps and new restoration ecotechnology developed clumps developed from seed bank/seed under the programme. migrated from upland grasslands, (iii) the – As part of new initiatives undertaken in heavy herbivore pressure on upland the programme, ecological restoration of nonflooded grasslands, when the lowland overburden dumps (OBDs) of Coal Mines grasslands were flooded, mimicked has been taken up. Two OBDs each annual fire regime in the removal of having an area of 8-10 hectares was biomass and also stimulation of basal selected for ecological restoration at meristems of grass rosettes, and (iv) the Coal fields of Bharat Coking Coal Limited upland grasslands, which were browsed (BCCL) and two OBDs each having 10 by herbivores, were regenerated in the hectares were selected for ecological same way as those subjected to annual restoration in Coal fields of Central Coal fire regime suggesting that browsing Fields Limited (CCL). mimicked annual fire regime These – The cut rootstock method developed observations are critical in the under the Centre of Excellence Programme management of grassland ecosystems. has been used extensively to remove – Two workshops were organized jointly Lantana successfully from different parts with the Wildlife Division of Forest of the Corbett Tiger Reserve. A strategy Department of Uttar Pradesh at Dudhwa has also been developed to address the Tiger Reserve, Dudhwa. One workshop problem of reinvasion of Lantana in on the “Wildlife Habitat Management: landscapes from where it was removed. Biological Invasions” was conducted for – Based upon the studies of different Chief Conservators, Divisional Forest populations sampled from different Officers and Sub-divisional Forest Officers locations in the country, a new species of UP, and about 30 officers participated of Lantana has been proposed. For the in the workshop. The second workshop first time two novel invasive traits that was organized for Range Officers and make Lantana multiply and spread rapidly Forest guards on the Management of has been observed. The concept of Lantana in Forest Ecosystems, and about Lantana free zone has been evolved for 30 participants attended the workshop. successful eradication of Lantana in forest The third workshop on Management of ecosystems. Lantana free zone is the size Lantana and Habitat Restoration in Forest of landscape unit equivalent to home Ecosystems was organized at the Corbett range of Lantana’s frugivorous mutualists. Wildlife Training Centre, Kalagarh and – Five threatened native species of flowering about 57 staff and officials consisting of

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Foresters, Rangers, SDOs and DFO from A World Bank report; ‘National the Uttarakhand Forest Department Manufacturing Policy’; ‘Road Map for participated in the workshop. Green National Accounting System’ and Madras School of Economics, for ‘Union Budget 2012-13’. Chennai Environmental Economics Website The Centre of Excellence in Environmental The Centre’s state-of-the-art website http:/ Economics was set up on the basis of a MoU /coe.mse.ac.in has been updated to make it in 2002 between the Ministry of Environment more user friendly. Efforts have been made to & Forests and the Madras School of Economics augment the database on Environmental and was extended for the duration of 11th Five Economics literature. A number of Indian Year Plan. The main objectives of the Centre are studies have also been added to the database. to carry out research on issues related to The website is serving as one-stop destination Environmental Economics in project mode, for users interested in Environmental Economics maintain a state-of-the-art website on related issues in India. Under various sub- environmental economics and provide policy disciplines of Environmental Economics and assistance to the Ministry. During the year Resource Economics, about 7500 articles 2011-2012, the Centre continued its work published in referred journals have been 9 ongoing projects on ‘Trade and Environment: categorized. This searchable database enables India’s Export of Textile and Textile Products and the users to access information and the abstract Environmental Requirements’ and ‘Economy- of the publications and also provides scope for wide Impacts of Pollution in India: Meta Analysis’. carrying out comprehensive literature review. Two issues of the newsletter, ‘Green Thoughts’ Newsletter were published during the year. The Centre brought out two issues of Projects/Policy Inputs newsletter, ‘Green Thoughts’, during 2011- – The Centre continued its work on the 12. The newsletters summarize the work done project ‘Economy-wide Impacts of at the Centre on various ongoing projects. The Pollution in India: Meta Analysis’. The issue of March 2011 focused on ‘Water project aims to use meta-analysis of Pollution and Waste Water Treatment’ and studies relating to air and water pollution the issue of November 2011 focused on to assess macro-level estimates of overall ‘Green Economy’. impacts of pollution in India. Foundation for Revitalization of – The Centre has prepared the draft report Local Health Tradition (FRLHT), of the project ‘Trade and Environment: Bengaluru India’s Export of Textile and Textile Products and Environmental Requirements’ The Centre of Excellence on Medicinal addressing, inter-alia, issues like: status of Plants and Traditional Knowledge at Foundation pollution abatement in textile industry in for Revitalization of Local Health Tradition India, trade competitiveness of Indian textile (FRLHT), Bengaluru was initiated during 2002- industry, assessment of pollution abatement 03 to bring to the focus and address the costs in textile industry (with focus on textile various issues related to conservation and processing), and linkages between pollution sustainable utilization of medicinal plants. In abatement and textile trade. the course of its activities, the Centre has – The Centre has provided policy inputs to created a national Bio-cultural herbarium of the Ministry on ‘India 2030 – Vision for medicinal plants and an ethno-medicinal an Environmentally Sustainable Future’ – garden, both of which have very rich

251 Ministry of Environment & Forests collections of Medicinal plants. Besides, the – Pharmacognosy Studies: During the year, Centre engages in: a) pharmacognostic studies Phyto-chemical screening of three on the controversial plant raw drug groups in accessions of Berberis aristata were trade, b) building capacities of different completed. Profiling and quantification stakeholder groups about various issues related of Embelin and Kiritiquinone in Vidanga to medicinal plants, through its capacity candidates completed. Besides, building courses, workshops and training, c) Comparative phyto-chemical screening preparing a GIS based Atlas of distribution of four abhavadravya candidates of maps of medicinal plants to help forest Ativisha-Musta done. managers in planning conservation action, d) – Distribution Mapping: During the year, Well-referenced educational CD-ROMs on Geo-distribution maps for 250 species medicinal plants used in Siddha, Unani and and Eco-distribution maps for 25 species Homoeopathic systems of medicine. were prepared. The revised and upgraded Following are the highlights of the progress version of Digital Atlas, incorporating during the year under its different key areas: Geo-distribution and Geo-distribution maps has been completed. – Bio-Cultural Herbarium: Development of – Outreach (Training & Educational material unique Bio-cultural Herbarium of Indian on Plants of ISM): Final draft of Medicinal plants was one of the key “Operational Guidelines for Conservation tasks. Towards this end, the botanical and Management of Medicinal Plants team of the Centre engaged in floristic resources in India” was circulated among surveys in different locations of Tamil subject experts. Course contents for the Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Capacity Building course on “Medicinal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Manipur, Meghalaya, Plants Conservation” for the Front line Sikkim and Himachal Pradesh which staff of Jharkhand was taken up. resulted in the collection of about 1300 Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) plant specimens corresponding to 150 with the Karnataka Knowledge species. commission was signed, for sharing select In order to make the collection at the information in Kannada which will be Herbarium more Education friendly, the uplinked to its Wikipedia portal. collections were grouped around 10 select themes. Further, 2500 images of A prototype of the CD-ROM on “Plants plants including their medicinal parts and in Ashtanga Sangraha” was prepared habitat, and scanned images of about and sent to subject experts for peer- 550 Herbarium sheets were added to the review. image library in an attempt to make it Tropical Botanic Garden and into a Virtual one. During the year, about Research Institute (TBGRI), 325 samples procured from different Thiruvananthapuram markets and field sites from across the Tropical Botanic Garden and Research country were added to Raw drug Institute (TBGRI) was established by repository. Government of Kerala as an autonomous – Ethno-Medicinal Garden: During the year, R&D organization in 1979 to facilitate the collections at the ethno medicinal conservation and research on tropical plant garden were further diversified by adding resources in general and of the country and two more themes, vu., Endemic and Rare the Kerala state in particular. The Institute was plants, Plants used in Unani system of brought under the society established by the Medicine.

252 Annual Report 2011-2012

State Government namely “Kerala State protocol has been envisaged under the Council for Science, Technology and scheme in assistance to botanic gardens Environment” (KSCSTE) in 2003. The institute in its Lead garden programme. During is located at about 40 km northeast to the period, conventional propagation Thiruvananthapuram city and maintains a technique were standardized 300 acre conservatory garden for the wild – Establishment of Rare tropical plant genetic resources of the country, Endangered & Threatened (RET) besides a well integrated multidisciplinary species park R&D system dealing with conservation, management and sustainable utilization of The park is developed in five acre plot tropical plant resources. and during the year 527 seedlings which include 44 RET species and 52 Endemic Activities undertaken so far of Western Ghats were accomplished. The Institute was recognized as a – Reintroduction, Monitoring and National Centre of Excellence in ex-situ Evaluation conservation of tropical plants in 1997 and About 750 seedlings were reintroduced a number of significant achievements have in natural condition in various parts of been made by the Institute, some of which are Western Ghat. 9 listed below: – Establishment of Herbarium and – Development of Infrastructure training in Integrated Taxonomy facilities for Eco-Education Herbarium was upgraded by constructing The Institute has established visitors centre 350 sq. mts as an additional space in for dissemination of information and to the 1st floor of existing building. Ten create awareness among students. For herbarium cabinets were added. During this purpose, 50 exhibit materials have the period 3000 species were identified been developed on various eco systems. and added in the Herbarium. A training Nearly 32,000 visitors visited the garden programme was organized as part of including the indoor stalls. 5,000 human resource development. brochures were printed and distributed. Public amenities like drinking water, – Technical Assistance to Smaller nature trails and audio visual aids were Botanic Gardens established. The Institute assisted four organizations in – Collection of Endemic and Rare the region mostly colleges on exploration Endangered & Threatened (RET) trips, identifying plant specimens, germplasm supplying plant materials, assisting in Twenty five explorations were conducted layout and construction of green houses in the Western Ghats and 800 live etc. specimens representing 105 species were Centre for Animals and collected. This material was used for Environment, CARTMAN, Bengaluru standardizing mass multiplication in The Project on Centre of Excellence for natural habitat. Animals & Environment (CAE) awarded by – Standardization of propagation the Ministry to CARTMAN, Bengaluru in techniques of Rare Endangered 2000 and discontinued after two years for & Threatened (RET) species. administrative reasons was resumed during Standardization of propagation of 2009.

253 Ministry of Environment & Forests

The main objective of the Project is to Under the Project a Web Site “livestock- study the mutual dependence and nature-development.org” has been hoisted for inter-relationship between the Animals persons to access information on Livestock, (LIVESTOCK) and Environment (Plant Life) Conclusion and Recommendations on the and initiate steps to preserve environment and work done under CAE Project and a special to improve the health and welfare of animals facility created under Technical Services where by making them more productive. Another data and fabrication drawings on six type of activity envisaged is to eliminate pollution of improved carts can be accessed by those environment caused by City based Abattoirs wanting to fabricate CARTMAN’s Improved by providing alternate locations where animals Bullock Carts. are born and reared. This would also result In collaboration with the Karnataka in development of rural areas by retaining the Veterinary Animals and Fisheries Science Value added in the process in villages and University (KVAFSU) the Centre would be nearby towns. undertaking training of persons in Meat trade Activities undertaken during the year from the points of view of Animal Welfare, Production of Hygenic Meat, Prevention of The work taken up during the year 2011- Cruelty to animals during transportation and 12 is an extension of the two year project slaughter, etc and also demonstrate modern by CARTMAN during the year 2009-2011. methods of Slaughter of animals. This Centre is the only one having During the year under Technical Services correlation between Animals (Livestock) and Environment(Plant Life) for their in our Web Site CARTMAN have hoisted interdependence and mutual benefit. Major Government schemes for funding assistance activities undertaken under Livestock are on on Modernization of Slaughter Houses, Rural the importance of Modernization of Bullock Abattoirs, etc., for access by interested parties. Carts for better productivity, operational During the year under review, CARTMAN efficiency and Animal friendliness and the planted nearly 150 plants including other the Modernization and relocation of Endangered species of Medicinal Plants: Slaughter Houses from consideration of Endangered Species Nos. Livestock Welfare, prevention of cruelty during transportation and slaughter, production of of Medicinal Plants. 25 hygienic meat, pollution control in cities and Coffee Plants 25 better utilization of by-products slaughter. In respect of Plant Life, CARTMAN has established Jack fruit trees 20 a Bio Diversity Park in Bangalore City where Betall Nut trees 50 there is Diversity comprising Endangered Banana trees 18 Species, Medicinal Plants, Fruiting, Flowering, Ornamental and general purpose plants and Veeti (Rosewood) 11 trees including a Navagraha Garden, Sooseberry 4 Demonstration of Renewable Sources of Energy, Vermi composting, Water Sapota 5 Conservation, etc. A building constructed will Mango 4 screen educational programme for school children on Environment, Natural resources Butter fruit trees 2 and sense, etc for their awareness and Also developed two small plots for Flowers understanding. and Vegetables.

254 CHAPTER-10 FELLOWSHIPS AND AWARDS Ministry of Environment & Forests

Indira Gandhi Paryavaran (substantiated in support of his experience by Puraskar (IGPP) published/ field work)/ NGO working in the field of environment with at least five Introduction and Objectives years experience/ Environment and Forests Departments of States/ UTs/ State Pollution In reverential memory of late Prime Control Board/ District Collector/ Magistrate Minister Smt. Indira Gandhi, the Ministry of can propose a name of any citizen or Environment and Forests, in the year 1987, organization of India who has at least five instituted an award called “Indira Gandhi years working experience in the field of Paryavaran Puraskar “ to give recognition to environment in the prescribed proforma. Self those having made or have the potential to nominations and nominations proposed by make the measurable and major impact in the relatives are not considered. The protection of environment. In the beginning, advertisement will be issued on 15th July a cash prize of Rs.1,00,000/- was awarded every year. The last date for receipt of to deserving individual/organization of India. nominations shall be 15th September every Since 1991, the prize of Rs.1,00,000/- each year. were awarded separately to individual and organizational category. From the year 2002, Short listing of the nomination is carried the prize money has been enhanced to out by three Expert Members selected by the Rs.5,00,000/- in each category. Prime Minister’s Office. The environmental Subsequently, the “Regulations” governing the Prize Committee constituted under the IGPP was revised from the year 2005 onwards. Chairmanship of Hon’ble Vice President of As per the revised regulations, one prize of India select the awardees. The composition Rs.5,00,000/- under the Organisation of the Prize Committee is as follows: category, and two prizes of Rs.3,00,000/- and Rs.2,00,000/- each to individuals in the – Vice –President of India (Chairman) Individual category shall be given annually. – Speaker of Lok Sabha As per the revised regulations from the year 2009 onwards, two prizes of Rs.5,00,000/ – Minister of Environment and Forests - each under the Organisation category, and three prizes of Rs.5,00,000/-Rs.3,00,000/ – Three Expert Members - and Rs.2,00,000/- each to individuals in – Secretary Ministry of Environment and the Individual category shall be given annually. Forests (Member Secretary) Along with the cash prize, each awardee is given a silver lotus trophy and a citation. Any The three Expert members are being citizen of India or organization working in selected by PMO from a panel of 9 eminent India for the cause of environment is eligible environmentalists/eminent persons prepared for the award. There is no age limit for the by the Ministry of Environment and Forests. nomination for individual. While selecting the awardees the term The regulations governing IGPP was “environment’ is interpreted in the broadest again revised from the year 2010 onwards. sense possible and comprising of following As per the revised regulations, any citizen areas of work: of India having at least 10 years work experience in the field of Environment – Prevention of Pollution.

256 Annual Report 2011-2012

– Conservation of Natural Resources. Advertisements for inviting the nominations for IGPP, 2011 were issued in national dailies – Rational use of depletable resources. with regional coverage on 15th July 2011. The nominations for IGPP-2011 under both – Environmental Planning and Management. the individual and organization category – Environmental Impact Assessment. have been received. Various activities as per the regulations applicable for IGPP-2011 are – Outstanding field work (innovative under process. research work) for enrichment of environment e.g. afforestation, land Indira Priyadarshini Vriksha Mitra reclamation, water treatment, air (IPVM) Awards purification etc. The Indira Priyadarshini Vriksha Mitra (IPVM) Awards were instituted in 1986 to – Environmental Education. recognize the pioneering and innovative – Creating awareness of environmental contribution made by individuals and issues. institutions in the field of afforestation/ 10 wasteland development every year.

Present Status From the year 2011 the IPVM Awards have been increased from existing four For IGPP-2009, two awardees under categories (since 2006) to following seven organization category have been selected categories:- in the meeting of the Prize Committee under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Vice 1. Individual - Forest Officers President of India held 29th June, 2011. As no one was found suitable for award under 2. Individual - Other than Forest Officers individual category Prize Committee formed a search Committee comprising of all the 3. Institutions/Organisations under three Experts to suggest few names to be Government considered under individual category. The 4. Joint Forest Management Committees Prize Committee decided that after the (JFMCs) (six awards region-wise) verification of the suggested candidates the Ministry, these will be placed before 5. Non-profit making Voluntary the Prize Committee for selection of Organisations (NGOs) awardees under individual category for IGPP-2009. 6. Corporate Sector (Private/Public Sector Agencies) The nominations received for IGPP-2010 have been processed. Short-listing of the 7. Eco-Clubs at School Level (covered under nomination is being carried out by the three National Green Corps Programme of the experts selected by PMO. The ground truth Ministry of Environment and Forests) verification of the short-listed nominations will be carried out by the Regional Offices Note: i). Awards under category Individuals, concerned of the Ministry. both Forest Officers and others, should

257 Ministry of Environment & Forests

be in recognition of personal contribution Department/Organization concerned and demonstrating extra efforts beyond call those from JFMCs may be forwarded by of routine duty. the PCCF concerned. ii) Officials (other than Forest Officers) The IPVM Awards for the year 2010 working in Government Departments were conferred on 19th November, 2010. including Forest Department and private Sh. A.T. Mishra, DFO Dhalbhum Forest individuals will come under category 2. Division, Jamshedpur (Jharkhand) was given award under category “Individual including iii) Six regions for the purpose of IPVM Government Servant”. Forestry extension wing awards to JFMC will be North (Delhi, Tamil Nadu Forest Department, Chennai under Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & category “Institution/organizations under Kashmir, Punjab, Uttaranchal, Uttar Government” and Village Forest Protection & Pradesh and UT of Chandigarh), East Management Committee” Dani Talai Rajasthan (Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa and West under category “Joint Forest Management Bengal) West (Goa, Gujarat, Committee” were also given award for the Maharashtra, Rajasthan, UT of Dadara year 2010. & Nagar Haveli, UT of Daman & Diu and UT of Lakshadweep) South (Andhra The exercise for IPVM Awards for the Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, calender year 2011 is under process. UT of Andaman & Nicobar Islands, UT of Pondicherry) Central (Madhya IPVM Awards for States and Union Pradesh and Chhattisgarh) and North Territories East (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, The IPVM Awards for States and Union Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura) Territories were instituted in the year 2008 for enhancing the percentage of Forest and Tree – Only one award is given in each category. Cover in States/UTs. The Awards are divided – Cash prize of Rs.2.5 lakhs along with into three categories and only one award is Medallion and Citation is given for each given in each category (Table-49). category. The IPVM Awards for States/UTs were – Nominations of Government servants/ conferred upon on 19th November, 2010. Govt. Institutions/Organizations are Next IPVM Awards for States/UTs are due in forwarded through the Head of the the calendar year 2012.

Table-49. Categories and prize of IPVM Awards

Sl.No. Category Award Awards for 2010 a) Big State having geographical area of 80,000 Sq. Km and above Rs.8.00 lakhs (one) J&K b) Small State having geographical area below 80,000 Sq.Km. Rs.5.00 lakhs (one) Mizoram c) Union Territories Rs.5.00 lakhs (one) UT of Chandigarh

258 Annual Report 2011-2012

Pitamber Pant National National Environmental Sciences Environment Fellowship Fellows Programme

Pitamber Pant National Environment During the year 2009-10 the Ministry Fellowship Award instituted in 1978 is has launched to institute the MoEF – National awarded every year to encourage and Environmental Sciences Fellows Programme recognize excellence in any branch of for Indian Scientist desirous of working at the research related to the environmental sciences. forefront of environmental sciences and The fellowship is awarded every year and engineering with a focus on problem solving is in recognition of significant important environmental research in collaboration with research/development contributions and is ten top environment schools in India to begin also intended to encourage talented with, who would be functioning as host individuals to devote themselves to R&D Institutions. The areas of research to be pursuits in the field of environmental sciences. undertaken in the thrust areas have been The duration of the fellowship is two years. identified by the Ministry. During the year So far, 27 fellowship Awards have been 2011-12, three fellowships have been initiated. given to various Scientists throughout the 10 country. Fellowship Awards for the year Mahatma Gandhi Chair for Ecology 2007 and 2008 have been announced and Environment while for the year 2009 and 2010 The Ministry has started new chair for nomination have been obtained and are institution of Mahatma Gandhi Chair for under process. Ecology and Environment during the year 2009-10. The selected Fellow for the Chair B.P.Pal National Environment will work on one of the thrust areas of Fellowship Award for Biodiversity Research identified by the Ministry. The Fellow could be from any discipline of Science, B.P.Pal National Environment Fellowship Engineering, Social Work, Art and Humanities. Award for Bio-diversity was instituted during There is no upper age limit. The candidate 1993 and is awarded annually with a view must be at the level of a University Professor to further develop, deepen and strengthen the or equivalent grade Scientist in his parent expertise on Bio-diversity available in the Institution either serving or superannuated. country. The Ministry has set up Mahatma Gandhi The fellowship is in recognition of Chair for Ecology and Environment at the significant important research and development Centre for Biodiversity Studies in Baba Ghulam contributions and is also intended to encourage Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and talented individuals to devote themselves whole- Kashmir. The process for selection of the chair time to R&D pursuits in the field of Bio- has been completed. diversity. Duration of the fellowship is two years. So far, 10 Fellowship Awards have E.K. National Award been awarded to various scientists throughout on Taxonomy the country. Fellowship Awards for the year 2007 and 2008 have been announced while Biological diversity refers to the variability for the year 2009 and 2010 nomination in the living organisms and the ecosystems of have been obtained and are under process. which they form part. Preservation of biological

259 Ministry of Environment & Forests diversity is vital for maintaining ecological Awards to two, one each for excellence in balance and for evolutionary processes. It has Plant and Animal Taxonomy. The outstanding direct bearing on food security, agriculture, work done in Microorganisms will also be medicine, industry etc. The advances in eligible for consideration under either of the biotechnology and development of products two categories, as the case may be. The two based on the use of biological resources are Awards will be known as ‘E.K. Janaki Ammal increasingly becoming motivating factor for National Award on Plant Taxonomy’ and ‘E. greater use of biological resources. K. Janaki Ammal National Award on Animal Taxonomy’. Taxonomy is the science of identification, classification and naming of living organisms. The award will be given on the 5th June, Taxonomic work involves study of coinciding with the World Environment Day. morphological characteristics and Each award will carry Rs.1,00,000/- in cash phylogenetic relationship of organisms which along with a citation, scroll and Medallion. is essential for applied biological sciences, The Awards will be given to the Taxonomists such as medicine, agriculture, forestry and selected by a Selection Committee, under the fisheries. Development of biotechnologies and Chairmanship of Secretary (E&F), constituted their industrial applications depend heavily for this purpose. on taxonomy. Current requirements of taxonomic work and available expertise and National Awards for Prevention of studies indicate urgent need for encouraging Pollution and Rajiv Gandhi excellence and for motivating experts to work Environment Award for Clean in hitherto neglected groups of organisms e.g. Technology microbes, lower groups of plants, animals The National Awards for Prevention of etc. The challenge is quite serious, as while Pollution and the Rajiv Gandhi Environment the existing expertise is ageing and retiring, Award for Clean Technology are given each not many young scholars are opting for year, in the following identified categories of studies in taxonomy. highly polluting industries, which have made In order to encourage work of excellence a significant and measurable contribution in taxonomy and also to encourage young towards development or use of clean students and scholars to work in this field of technologies, products or practices that prevent science, this award, named after the late Prof. pollution and find innovative solution to E. K. Janaki Ammal was instituted in the year environmental problems:- 1999. Late Prof. Janaki Ammal did taxonomic Large Scale industries: work of outstanding merit and excellence, particularly in the area of cytotaxonomy and 1) Sugar 2) Fertilizer 3) Cement 4) has been a source of inspiration to many Fermentation and Distillery 5) Aluminium 6) young scientists. Petro-chemicals 7) Thermal Power 8) Caustic Soda 9) Oil Refinery 10) Sulphuric Acid 11) Initially there was one Award on Tanneries 12) Copper Smelting 13) Zinc Taxonomy covering all the three fields viz. Smelting 14) Iron and Steel 15) Pulp and Botany, Zoology and study of Micro-organisms. Paper 16) Dye and Dye Intermediates 17) It has now been decided to enlarge the scope Pesticides 18) Pharmaceuticals. of the Award and increase the number of

260 Annual Report 2011-2012

Small Scale Industries: Awards in the Wildlife Division

1) Tanneries 2) Pulp and Paper 3) Dye Wildlife Division in the Ministry provides and Dye Intermediates 4) Pesticides 5) the Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Award, Pharmaceuticals. the Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Protection Award and fellowships, namely, the Salim Ali The National Awards for Prevention of Fellowship and Kailash Shankhla Fellowship Pollution are bestowed on 23 industries (18 for outstanding work in the field of wildlife large scale and 5 small scale industries), one conservation. each for the above mentioned categories of industries based upon their performance during Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation the Award financial year. Award

The Rajiv Gandhi Environment Award for The Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Clean Technology is given to the one which Award is given annually for significant is the best among these industries, particularly contribution in the field of wildlife conservation from the angle of adoption of the clean which has made, or has the potential to 10 technology. The Awards comprise a Cash make, a major impact on the protection and Award of Rupees Two lakh in addition to a conservation of wildlife in the country. Two silver Trophy and a Citation. awards of Rupees One lakh are given to education and research institutions, The National Award for Prevention of organisations, forest and wildlife officers/ Pollution for the year 2009-2010 was research scholars or scientists/wildlife awarded to M/s Ultra Tech Cement Limited, conservationists. During the year, process for Vikram Cement Works, Neemuch, Madhya grant of the award for the year 2010 has Pradesh (under the Cement category) and M/ been undertaken, and the finalisation of the s Aban Power Company Limited, Thanjavur, awards is under consideration. Tamil Nadu (under the Thermal Power category) for their commendable efforts Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife towards conservation of energy and water, Protection Award reduction in waste generation and commitment The Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Protection towards maintaining a safe, clean and healthy Award is given for significant contribution in environment the field of wildlife protection, which is recognised as having shown exemplary Nominations were invited for the National courage or having done exemplary work for Awards for Prevention of Pollution and the the protection of wildlife. Two cash awards Rajiv Gandhi Environment Award for Clean of Rupees One lakh is presented to individuals Technology for the year 2010-2011. Sixty and institutions involved in wildlife protection. seven nominations have been received for the During the year, process for grant of the Awards for the year 2010-2011 and award for the year 2010 has been undertaken, evaluation of the same are being processed and the finalisation of the awards is under for consideration of Award Selection consideration. Committee.

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Salim Ali Fellowship and Kailash projects aimed at conserving the rich wildlife Sankhla Fellowship Awards heritage of India. The fellowship is awarded for a period of two years with a stipend of In order to commemorate the memory of Rupees 4,000 per month. In addition, an the two great wildlife conservationists of the amount of Rupees 18,000 per annum is given country, Shri Kailash Sankhla and Dr. Salim for meeting contingency expenses. Dr. Salim Ali, the Ministry of Environment and Forests Ali National Wildlife Fellowship for the year awards these two fellowships alternatively 2011 is awarded to Ms. Monica, Senior each year. The objective is to inspire and Research Fellow, Wildlife Institute of India, promote the country’s wildlife managers and Chandrabani, Dehradun (Uttarakhand). scientists to take up research or experimental

262 CHAPTER-11 ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION Ministry of Environment & Forests

Environmental Information System throughout the country. The focal point of (ENVIS) ENVIS is located in the Ministry and assists the Environment Information (EI) Division in Introduction coordinating the activities of all the ENVIS Environmental information plays a vital network partners by making ENVIS a web- role not only in formulating environmental enabled comprehensive information system. management policies but also in the decision The list of ENVIS network partners is given making process aiming at environmental at Annexure-IX. protection and improvement of environment Objectives for sustaining good quality of life for the living beings. Hence, management of environment The long-term and short-term objectives of is key component and thus plays an important Environmental Information System (ENVIS) role in effecting a balance between the are as follows: demands and resources available for keeping Long-Term Objectives the environmental quality at a satisfactory level. Realizing such need Ministry set up an – To build up a repository and dissemination Environmental Information System (ENVIS) in Center in Environmental Science and 1983 as a plan programme as a Engineering; comprehensive network in environmental – To gear up state-of-art technologies of information collection, collation, storage, information acquisition, processing, retrieval and dissemination to varying users, storage, retrieval and dissemination of which include decision-makers, researchers, environmental nature; academicians, policy planners and research – To support and promote research, scientists, etc. development and innovation in ENVIS was conceived as a distributed environmental information technology. information network with the subject-specific Short-Term Objectives centers to carry out the mandates and to – To provide national environmental provide the relevant and timely information to information service relevant to present all concerned. Further, association of the needs and capable of meeting the future various State Governments/UTs was also felt needs of the users, originators, processors necessary in promoting the ENVIS network to and disseminators of information. cover a wide range of subjects. The subject – To build up storage, retrieval and area for States/UTs ENVIS Centers was the dissemination capabilities, with the status of environment and related issues. Thus, ultimate objective of disseminating the network was expanded gradually with the information speedily to the users. involvement of thematic subject-areas and State Government/UT departments to make it – To promote national and international a more comprehensive environmental cooperation and liaison for exchange of information network. environment related information. – To promote, support and assist education ENVIS network at present consists of a and personnel training programmes chain of 67 network partners out of which 39 designed to enhance environmental are on subject-specific and 28 on State/UT information processing and utilizing related issues. These network partners are capabilities. called ENVIS Centers and are located in the notable organizations/institutions/State/UT – To promote and exchange of environment Government Departments/Universities related information amongst developing countries.

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Progress / Achievements carried out the year. This was done by updating and during the year maintaining an information base that includes The ENVIS network comprising both on both descriptive information as well as the subject-specific areas and status of numerical data. Descriptive information in the environment and related issues established form of publications, reports, reprints and under ENVIS scheme continued its information- abstracts on related subjects is stored for related activities, database development, dissemination. Numerical data on the same publication of requisite information packages subject are collected, compiled, processed through newsletters, abstracting services, etc. and analyzed for the purpose of dissemination. and also the query-response services during Documentation in the form of publications 11

Fig-67. Ministry’s website at URL: http://moef.gov.in

265 Ministry of Environment & Forests and reports are brought out. All the information environment under which the Centers thus compiled is made available on the have been established. The websites of websites of the respective Centers. all the ENVIS network partners could be – ENVIS focal point in the Ministry is directly accessed from the homepage of responsible for maintenance and updation the portal giving information on major of the website of the Ministry (url: http:/ events, activities and current updates of /www.moef.gov.in) and disseminating the entire network. The ENVIS portal has information through the website to all been redesigned to give it a better look concerned. Information in the Ministry’s and make it user friendly. Online website was continuously updated by monitoring and evaluation system for ENVIS focal point throughout the year. ENVIS Network partners on a regular The website (Fig.-67) has also been basis via the ENVIS Portal is under linked with the various Divisions of the process of implementation. Ministry in order to have up-to-date – The audit of 36 ENVIS Network websites information on the subjects concerned. is in process with assistance from National Besides, the website also regularly Informatics Centre (NIC) with respect to provides information on new updates of Web Security Guidelines issued by Indian the Ministry, response to media reports Computer Emergency Response Team and other important issues of the Ministry (CERT-In). The websites will be bilingual from time to time with the objective of i.e., English and Hindi or a regional disseminating such information to all language and will have features like concerned. The website recorded a huge archival process, dedicated sections for number of hits per month reflecting the events/announcements, State of usage of website by various national and Environment (SoE) Reports and Photo international users. Ministry’s website has Gallery etc. There will be secure control been revamped with better look, content panel for ENVIS Centers to submit their and design adopting latest technologies monthly report, publications etc. and keeping in view the guidelines for – A two-day user consultation workshop on development and management of restructuring and security audits of ENVIS government website to make it more network websites was organized with transparent and user friendly. The process assistance from NIC held on 4-5th May, of migrating the website on an open- 2011 at Van Vigyan Bhawan, New source content management system (CMS) Delhi in connection with redesigning, has been initiated during the year. The cyber security audit and identification/ new website will be more user friendly, removal of vulnerabilities of identified 36 database driven and dynamic with ENVIS Websites. Cyber security issues modern features such as browser were discussed at length by Cyber independence and compatibility with Security Division NIC (CSDNIC). The mobile devices. participating ENVIS Centers actively – A portal of ENVIS at url: http:// interacted with the experts and peer www.envis.nic.in connecting all the centers on the subject. The template for ENVIS network partners is updated ENVIS Centers was also finalized in this regularly by the focal point. The portal workshop. acts as a catalyst for inter-center interaction – Query-Answer Service is one of the and for information on several broad major responsibilities of ENVIS Network. categories of subject related to The ENVIS focal point and all its partners

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responded to a large number of queries and Forests for the year 2010-11 is during the year and provided substantive under process. information as far as possible. The ENVIS – The functioning of the ENVIS Network network responded to more than was monitored and evaluated by a 1,50,000 queries during the 11th Plan Scientific Advisory Committee under the period on various subject areas on Chairmanship of Secretary (E&F). The environment and its allied disciplines. suggested recommendations for the Wherever, information is not readily improvement of network made by the available, the network provided ‘Referral Scientific Advisory Committee held on Service’ to the concerned users. The 25th June, 2010 have been implemented/ major subject areas on which the queries are in process of being implemented. were responded pertain to climate – At the instance of the Scientific Advisory change, ozone layer, environmental Committee, a sub-Committee under the conservation, environmental standards, Chairmanship of Statistical Advisor and environmental education and awareness, representatives from Finance and other water and air pollution, waste subject Divisions was constituted vide management and environmental laws Notification dated 19th August, 2010 to etc. 11 look into various aspects of the Scheme – ENVIS focal point coordinated and including framing new guidelines and published the Annual Report 2010-11 of also to strengthen the Scheme. The the Ministry and got it distributed to Committee has since submitted its report. various Central and State Government Necessary follow-up action is being taken Departments, professional institutions, thereon. universities, research organizations, – ENVIS Scheme is under the process of embassies/High Commissions of various consolidation by rationalising the subject countries in India, etc. The electronic areas by closing some of the non- versions of current and previous Annual performing Centres. Accordingly, nine Reports are also available on the website Centres have been closed. Besides, a of the Ministry. revised Standing Finance Committee (SFC) – As a follow-up to the Hon’ble President proposal of the ENVIS scheme is under of India’s address to the Joint Session of finalization. the Parliament on June 4, 2009, Activities of Some of ENVIS Network Environmental Information Division of the Partners during Year 2011-12 Ministry published the first ‘Report to the People on Environment and Forests 2009- – ENVIS at Bombay Natural History Society 10’. The purpose of the Report is to (BNHS ENVIS), Mumbai—The BNHS generate a national debate on ENVIS deals with information on ‘Avian environmental issues, which will form the Ecology and Inland Wetlands’. Activities basis for suitable revision in the policy of BNHS ENVIS during 2011-12 included framework, wherever required and creation of a bibliographic database of ultimately result in improved performance published literature related to avian in Environment and Forests Sector. The ecology study; publication of newsletter; Report has been hosted in the Ministry’s creation of databases on avian ecology; website and widely distributed to all the and query response services. The Center, stakeholders concerned. The preparation in collaboration with Global Biodiversity of Report to the People on Environment Information Facility (GBIF), Denmark and

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Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Dehradun, both English and Tamil, newsletters and published first peer-reviewed description other publications are also available on of Indian bird dataset entitled, ‘Literature the website. The Center has completed based species occurrence data of birds two bibliography books on Indian of North-East India’ in ZooKeys Journal Estuaries and Indian Corals in the year in November 2011. The Center has 2011-12. replied to around 272 queries on Avian – ENVIS Center on Environment Education Ecology in 2011-12. The Center’s website (CEE ENVIS), Ahmedabad—During year at url: http://bnhsenvis.nic.in is available 2011-12, the ENVIS Center on in English, Hindi and Marathi. The website Environment Education catered to the provides access to download published information needs of environmental issues of newsletter ‘BUCEROS’ along educators and other interested groups, with databases and other publications. through various means: i) Green Teacher – ENVIS at Botanical Survey of India (BSI (url: http://greenteacher.org) the website ENVIS), Howrah, West Bengal—The BSI for the CEE ENVIS; ii) query-response ENVIS develops databases on its assigned service to respond to information requests area of thrust, i.e., floral diversity. Some on any aspect of EE; iii) A quarterly of these databases include: Rare, newsletter ‘Education for Change’ which Endangered and Threatened Plants of is also available online on Center’s India (3 volumes), Common Medicinal website to disseminate information on Plants of West Bengal (in regional EE; iv) EE Bank, a computerized database language), Some Allergic Pollen of Indian of concepts, activities, case studies and Angiosperms, etc. During year 2011-12, other resources; v) CEE-Information the activities of the Center included Service Center (CEE-ISC), a collection of publishing of regular Newsletter, books, periodicals and a variety of non- abstracts, books and pictorial guides of print materials. Some of these databases plants. The Center also provided query- are also available on the Green Teacher answering services to national and website. The Center has developed over international institutions. The Center can 400 publications on a range of themes be accessed at url: http://bsienvis.nic.in. and topics related to Environment – ENVIS at Center for Advanced Study in Education. The green teacher website Marine Biology (CASMB ENVIS), holds CEE online catalogue with 37000 Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu—CASMB entries while there are 234 videos and ENVIS is housed at Faculty of Marine 35 articles on the thrust areas. Science Annamalai University to offer its – ENVIS at CPR Environment Education services to the stakeholders. The Center Center, (CPREEC ENVIS), Chennai—The worked on creation and updation of thrust of CPREEC ENVIS lies in 8 specific databases on estuaries, mangroves, coral areas, namely, sacred plants, groves, reefs and lagoons. The databases are gardens, animals, mountains, rivers, water available on Center’s website at url: bodies and precincts of India. Its website http://casmbenvis.nic.in. During 2011- (url: http://cpreecenvis.nic.in) has 12, CASMB ENVIS collected and received about 32,000 hits in 2011. catalogued 6728 abstracts and reprints During the year 2011-12, more than 20 of the scientific publications related to queries have been answered. The April- thematic area and also updated 5454 September 2011 issue of the bi-annual abstracts on the website. Center’s books, ENVIS Newsletter has been published

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and the October 2011-March 2012 which provides access to the information issue is under print. The Center is currently on state of environment and related in the process of documenting ecological issues. traditions of Madhya Pradesh. – ENVIS at National Botanical Research – Department of Environment, Government Institute (NBRI ENVIS), Lucknow—During of Tamil Nadu, Chennai—With a thrust the year 2011-12, NBRI ENVIS published area on state of environment and related newsletters on Phytoremediation, issues in Tamil Nadu, the ENVIS Center Nanoparticles and Algal Biofuel for at Department of Environment works for circulation among different stakeholders creation of environmental databases of in India. NBRI ENVIS website (url: http:/ Tamil Nadu state. During the year 2011- /nbrienvis.nic.in) has been redesigned to 12, the Center revamped the biodiversity improve the clarity and ease of access database to a searchable format and for users. updated the fungal database on its – ENVIS at National Institute of website at url: http://tnenvis.nic.in. The Occupational Health, (NIOH ENVIS), Center also brought out three subject- Ahmedabad—Housed at National Institute specific Newsletters, a book entitled ‘An of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Identification Field Manual to the Forest 11 NIOH ENVIS Center brings out newsletters Trees of Tamil Nadu’ and a student and bibliographies in the field of manual in Tamil entitled ‘Environment: occupational and environmental health. An Overview’ for NGC school students. During 2011-12, the Center published The ENVIS Center also updated Newsletters on Indoor Air Pollution, information to the ISBEID database under Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD); all modules. Occupational Accidents and Injuries and – ENVIS at Environment Management and Bibliographies on MSD and Accidents Policy Research Institute, (EMPRI ENVIS), and Injuries. A scientific paper on Bangalore— During 2011-12, the EMPRI ‘Knowledge and attitude regarding ENVIS brought out regular newsletters on mercury handling and disposal in school issues, namely, Conservation of Water children’ was published in Journal of Bodies, E-Waste, Climate Change, Waste Management Research. Center’s Rainwater Harvesting, National Green website at url: http://niohenvis.in has Corps and Eco-Tourism. Implementation been redesigned and hosted on NIC of open source library software for domain. cataloguing compiled research media at – ENVIS Center on Hygiene, Sanitation, EMPRI is in progress. Center’s website Sewage Treatment Systems and at url: http://emprienvis.nic.in hosts data Technology, (Sulabh ENVIS), New on geophysical profile, demographics Delhi—The thrust area of Sulabh ENVIS and administration of Karnataka. The is Hygiene, Sanitation, and Sewage work on website related to development Treatment Systems and Technologies. of concept note for web-enabled spatial Besides regular annual reports, newsletters database portal for conservation of lakes and query response services, the Center as well as upgradation of ENVIS site for has also published a few books such as handling dynamic data related to themes Hospital Sanitation and Bio-medical like biodiversity etc. is in progress. The Waste Management: An Integrated Center also updated the ISBEID database Approach and School Sanitation, Hygiene on all 17 modules during 2011-12 and Health. The Center got recognition

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from Stockholm International Water – ENVIS at Zoological Survey of India, Institute for its activities during Stockholm (ZSI ENVIS), Kolkata—ZSI ENVIS is one Water Prize 2009 at Sweden. The of the major sources of digital research Center’s website (url: http:// information on faunal diversity of India. sulabhenvis.nic.in) provides information Its data sink is one of the most extensive on all environmental sanitation and authentic sources on the subject to technologies along with those developed the scientists and researchers in India and by Sulabh. abroad. The major activities of ZSI ENVIS – ENVIS at The Energy Resources Institute, during 2011-12 included collection and (TERI ENVIS), Delhi—The Center works storage of data on faunal diversity of for identification of information gaps in different Protected Areas (PAs), nature the renewable energy and environmental reserves, important wetlands; sectors. Efforts are also made to bridge bibliographic references on Indian these gaps by organizing dissemination animals, endangered and scheduled activities through journal publishing, query- animals. The ZSI ENVIS has also worked response services, document-delivery on development of state faunal database services, capacity-building initiatives and and digitization of data on registered related activities. During 2011-12, the material of the National Zoological Center brought out TERI Information Digest Collection (NZC). The Center also on Energy and Environment (TIDEE) brought out regular Newsletters and journal and eNewsletter on Renewable other relevant documents on faunal Energy and Environment (eNREE). The diversity and their utility. The database Center has also developed different online and information is available on Center’s databases including full-text literature website at url: http://zsienvis.nic.in. database on the identified subject area Indian State Level Basic and expert directories for users. The TERI Environmental Information Database ENVIS website at url: http:// (ISBEID) terienvis.nic.in hosts rich collection of In order to develop databases on value added contents consisting of case environment and its related parameters and studies, technologies, news, events, full- to make it online for to and fro information text and abstract databases, directories, flow, a web-enabled software, namely, Indian GIS maps and other resources. State Level Basic Environmental Information – ENVIS at Worldwide Fund for Nature - Database (ISBEID) was developed in India, (WWF-India ENVIS), New Delhi— collaboration with National Informatics Center The ENVIS Center on ‘NGOs, Media (NIC). The objective for development of this and Parliament Matters related to software is to cover the gaps in environmental Environment’ located at WWF-India, New data dissemination with regard to vast Delhi has developed a database on parameters such as air pollution, water NGO profiles published in the 9th Edition pollution, forestry, land resources, flora and of its Directory of NGOs in India . The fauna. Developed in-house, the software consists Center has also completed the data and of 17 modules to help state government analyzed the parliament-related queries centers to collect, compile and disseminate and questions for the calendar year, information at state level on the selected 2010 and 2011 which is available to modules and fill in the data online in a users. The Center can be accessed online centralized server. at url: http://wwfenvis.nic.in.

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A management information system (MIS) demonstrated how to use the MIS software module for spatial interface with GIS modules, enter the spatial information in application in the ISBEID software has been the input forms and generate various developed by NIC. The major objectives of reports from the ISBEID software database. the software are to (i) develop an internet The team also received the suggestions based GIS application, (ii) provide one-stop to improve the interface from the information source to the users, (iii) interactive participants. Discussions were also held maps capable of handling operations like on various aspects including how to zoom in/out, pan, print, measure etc. and (iv) strengthen the ENVIS Scheme. querying the database interactively. State of Environment Reporting Initially the database, consisting of 23 (SoER) Scheme modules in various environmental fields, was – During the 10th Plan period, Ministry tested on pilot basis by eight states with 12 launched SoER scheme for which 100% modules in two phases. During the two phases central assistance was provided to the of the programme, it was observed that there States/UTs to prepare their State of were some practical problems in collecting Environment Reports. The scheme for the data and filling the database software. preparation of State of Environment Report 11 After deliberations it was decided that the with the objective of highlighting the existing 23 modules will be revisited and upstream and downstream linkages with revised in consultation with all the State/UT environmental issues besides creating a ENVIS Centers and to extend the ISBEID baseline document in the form of SoE project for all the States/UTs. Accordingly, Report in each State/UTs continued during the database modules were revised in the 11th Five Year Plan. During the Year consultation with the state ENVIS Centers in 2011-12, the SoE Reports for the states a workshop organized for this purpose at of Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Hyderabad during 7-8 June, 2010 and finally Hyderabad city have been printed. The the number of modules has been reduced to SoE Reports for the states of Arunachal 17. Simultaneously, the ISBEID programme is Pradesh, Karnataka, Tripura, Jammu & being extended to all the State/UT ENVIS Kashmir, Union Territory of Lakshadweep Centers throughout the country in collaboration and metro city of Chennai are in progress. with NIC. The database software for the Statistical Cell revised 17 modules is complete and has been given to the State/UT ENVIS Centers for – The role of Statistical Cell in the Ministry entering data in the MIS software. The inter alia includes assistance to different development of the GIS interface software is Divisions of the Ministry in providing in progress. Statistical inputs and also to liaison with other Central Ministries/ Organizations/ – A two-day user workshop of ISBEID was other national and international agencies organized in collaboration with NIC at in the matter of environment and forestry New Delhi during 12-13 May, 2011 statistics. During the year the Cell provided with all State ENVIS Centers and officials inputs for various publications of Central from Ministry, NIC and other experts. Statistical Organizations on environment The objective of the workshop was to and forests. familiarize the ENVIS Centers staff with the use of MIS and GIS modules of – Environmental Information Division has ISBEID software. The NIC team been representing the Ministry and providing inputs in various Committees of

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the Government, especially those – IFC also helps in receiving the RTI constituted by Ministry of Statistics and applications from applicants under the Programme Implementation such as ‘in-person’ option. ‘Development of Database on Climate NGO Cell Change’, ‘Issues in the Estimation of GDP of Forestry Sector’ etc. It also provided A Non-Governmental Organization necessary information for publication of (NGO) Cell has been set up in the Ministry Compendium of Environmental Statistics, to handle various matters relating to NGO’s Statistical Abstracts, etc., periodically as working in diverse fields of environment. The per the recommendation of the National basic functions of the Cell are: Statistical Commission. – Collection and dissemination of – Statistical Advisor has been nominated information to various NGOs. by the Ministry to act as Nodal Officer – Liaison with different Ministries/ for the Development Information System Departments and other Government (DevInfo), a database system for agencies on various issues including monitoring human development. It is a creating a database relating to NGOs tool for organizing, storing and presenting working in the field of environment and data in a uniform way to facilitate data its associated areas.’ sharing at the country, regional and Besides replying to Parliament Questions/ global levels across government Assurances, the NGO Cell also disposed of departments, UN organizations, civil 12 number of RTI applications. society organizations and development partners. It is funded by eight UN National/International Conventions/ organizations. Meetings/Seminars Information and Facilitation Counter EI Division has been actively associated (IFC) with the Fifth Global Environment Outlook (GEO) Programme of UNEP. The Statistical – The Information & Facilitation Counter at Advisor attended the following multi- Paryavaran Bhawan has been functioning stakeholder Consultations/High-Level for over 6 years with the assistance of Intergovernmental Advisory Panel meetings. Center for Environment Education, a Center of Excellence supported under – The Statistical Advisor was nominated by this Ministry. The IFC is equipped with the Ministry of Environment & Forests to a helpdesk, touch screen computer and attend the Global Intergovernmental and open display area to guide the visitors. Multi-stakeholder Consultations at Nairobi st – IFC continued to disseminate the Ministry’s from 29-31 March, 2010. The purpose publications such as Annual Reports, of the Consultations was to initiate Global Brochures, Journals, Newsletters, Research Environmental Outlook-5 (GEO-5) Guidelines, Awards Guidelines, and process. Funding Schemes etc. It is also providing – The Statistical Advisor attended the Second guidance regarding application procedure High-Level Intergovernmental Advisory for various schemes of the Ministry along Panel at Geneva during 15-17th June, with the information about the status of 2011. The purpose of the panel was to various applications submitted to the advise on the key message for inclusion Ministry. The priced publications of the into the Summary of Policy Makers (SPM), Ministry are available at the IFC. a publication of GEO-5 process.

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11

Fig-68. Innauguration of Sub-Regional Capacity-Building Workshop for South Asia on the Clearing House Mechanism from 12-16th December, 2011, at Forest Survey of India, Dehradun

– The Statistical Advisor also participated a good understanding of the situation in the Joint Meeting of Coordinating Lead and challenges in a particular national Authors (CLA) of the SPM Drafting Group context. The Advisor presented the and the GEO-5 High-Level environmental information system of India Intergovernmental Advisory Group acting as the National CHM. The ENVIS organized by UNEP during 28-29th has been designated as National CHM November, 2011 at Geneva. for Bio-diversity on behalf of the MoEF. – CBD’s Sub-regional Capacity Building – Intergovernmental Meeting on GEO-5 Workshop for South Asia on the Clearing- Report of the Summary for Policy Makers House Mechanism (CHM) was held at was held at Gwangju, Republic of Korea Forest Survey of India, Dehradun during during 28-31st January, 2012 to negotiate 12-16th December, 2011. The Workshop the document “Summary for Policy was attended by Statistical Advisor Shri Makers” under GEO-5 process. The Nilkanth Ghosh and Dr. P.S. Rawat Statistical Advisor attended the said Deputy Director among other dignitaries. Meeting. The purpose of the workshop was to – SACEP organized “Inception and Training share experience and vision related to Workshop on Establishment of the development of national clearing- Environmental Data and Information house mechanism of the participating Management System for South Asia in countries and enable participants to have Colombo, Sri Lanka on 9-10th February,

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2012. A team of Statistical Advisor and – For IGPP-2009, two awardees under Deputy Secretary (IC) was represented organization category have been selected on behalf of the Ministry. A presentation in the meeting of the Prize Committee on Environmental Information System of under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Vice India was given by the Statistical Advisor. President of India held on 29th June, 2011. Decision regarding selection of Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar awardees under Individual category is (IGPP) under process. The nominations received – In reverential memory of the late Prime for IGPP-2010 have been processed. Minister, Smt. Indira Gandhi, The Ministry Short-listing of the nomination is being of Environment and Forests in the year carried out by the three experts selected 1987, instituted an award called Indira by PMO. Advertisements for inviting the Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar (IGPP). As nominations for IGPP, 2011 were issued per existing regulations two prizes of in national dailies with regional coverage Rs.5.0 lakh each under the Organisation on 15th July, 2011. The nominations for category, and three prizes of Rs.5.0 IGPP-2011 under both the individual and lakh, Rs.3.0 lakh and Rs.2.0 lakh each organization category have been received to individuals in the Individual category and various activities as per the are being given annually along with a regulations applicable for IGPP-2011 silver lotus trophy and a citation. are under process.

274 CHAPTER-12 LEGISLATION AND INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT Ministry of Environment & Forests

Policy and Law for disposal of applications or appeals finally within six months of filing of the same. The Introduction NGT is proposed to have five places of sitting and will follow circuit procedure for making The Policy and Law Division of the itself more accessible. New Delhi is the Ministry is partly implementing the Schemes Principal place of sitting of the Tribunal and “Assistance for Abatement of Pollution, Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata and Chennai are the Environment Policy and Law” and other places of sitting of the Tribunal. “Establishment of Environment Commissions and Tribunals “ and providing legislative and Presently, the NGT is operating from Institutional support to other thematic divisions its temporary office at Van Vigyan Bhawan, whenever needed for any amendment to R.K. Puram, New Delhi and Bhikaji Cama Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or Place, Trikoot House, Ring Road, New Delhi. implementation of the National Environment The Tribunal has commenced its hearings from Policy 2006, National Green Tribunal Act, July, 2011. The applicants can file 2010, Ecomark Scheme and work relating applications/ petitions before the Tribunal at to setting up of National Environment Delhi till other benches of the Tribunal become Assessment and Monitoring Authority functional. The first hearing of the Circuit (NEAMA). Court at Bhopal was held on 17th November, 2011, 10th February, 2011, 17th February, The National Green Tribunal Act, 2011 and 24th February, 2011, respectively. 2010 At present, the Tribunal consists of a The National Green Tribunal (NGT) Chairperson and four Expert Members and has been established under the National two Judicial Members. The Expert Members th Green Tribunal Act, 2010 on 18 October, are experts in physical and life sciences, 2010 for the effective and expeditious disposal engineering and law including persons having of cases related to environmental protection practical knowledge and administrative and conservation of forests and other natural experience in the field of environment policy resources including enforcement of any legal and regulation. NGT Act, 2010 provides for right relating to environment and giving relief a minimum of 10 Expert Members and equal and compensation for damages to persons Judicial Members. The Ministry is in the and property and for matters connected process of filling up the remaining vacancies therewith or incidental thereto. It is a of Members in the Tribunal. specialized body equipped with the necessary expertise to handle environmental disputes NGT has been a landmark achievement involving multidisciplinary issues. The Tribunal of the Government in the field of environment shall not be bound by the procedure laid adjudication. down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, but shall be guided by principles of National Environment Assessment natural justice. and Monitoring Authority (NEAMA)

The Tribunal’s dedicated jurisdiction in The Ministry has taken active steps to environmental matters shall provide speedy establish a National Environment Assessment environmental justice and help reduce the and Monitoring Authority (NEAMA) earlier burden of litigation in the higher Courts. The envisaged as National Environment Protection Tribunal is mandated to make an endeavor Authority (NEPA) with a view to strengthen the

276 Annual Report 2011-2012 regulatory framework and to improve the – Implementation of the ongoing Project on environmental governance in the country, Trade and Environment. particularly in the fields of environment impact assessment and coastal zone management. – To act as export promotion cell in the Ministry. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi was awarded a consultancy by the Ministry to prepare a project report on the establishment Activities undertaken during the year of NEPA. Following the recommendation in During the year 2011-12, the Trade and the report of IIT, Delhi on the project titled Environment Cell of the Ministry examined “Scope Structure and Processes of NEAMA”, and furnished inputs to the Department of a discussion paper on “Reforms in Commerce (DoC) on the environment and Environmental Governance with special reference to establishment of NEAMA” was forestry point of view for facilitating uploaded on MOEF’s website on 26th participation in the ongoing negotiation under November, 2010 for comments. The final World Trade Organization (WTO). Inputs report of IIT, Delhi has also been uploaded regarding in the area of the Environmental on the Ministry’s website. Goods and Services were also provided as 12 and when required by the Department of When established, NEAMA would be Commerce (DoC). In addition to the above, a part of the larger environmental regulatory T&E Cell examined a number of Regional reform agenda which the Ministry proposes Trade Agreements (RTA), Bilateral Investment to undertake which shall, inter alia include Protection Agreements or Investments Treaties, innovative systems of environmental regulation. Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreements (CECA) and Free Trade Trade and Environment Agreements (FTA) from the environment and forestry point of view. Agreements from Israel, Trade and Environment Cell Belarus, China, Finland and Russia etc were examined and comments furnished. Inputs to Trade and Environment (T&E) Cell of the the DoC were also provided on REACH as Ministry undertakes the following items of a Non-Tariff Barrier on chemicals by European work : Union and China. Inputs/Background Note was also provided to DoC on International – Provide technical inputs to the preparatory Maritime Organization (IMO) Negotiations process in the area of Trade and on Market Based Measures (MBMs) to control Environment. Green House Gas Emissions from ships. – Formulation of MoEF’s views on trade Information/Inputs were also provided to the related matters referred to the Ministry by Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion other Ministries including views on issues on issues related to the Intellectual Property relating to Regional/Bilateral/Multilateral Rights (IPRs), Transfer of Technology etc. Trade Agreements and other trade related Prepared detailed information on behalf of issues. MoEF to the Department of Commerce for recently concluded India’s Fifth Trade Policy – Act as nodal division within the Ministry Review (TPR) at the WTO Secretariat, Geneva. to deal with references received from the As a follow up action to TPR, questionnaires/ Ministry of Commerce and Industry. clarifications by various countries were replied

277 Ministry of Environment & Forests to under strict time limits. Proposals for Comprehensive Economic Cooperation opening up of liasioning offices in India by Agreements, Free Trade Agreements and Trade developed countries were also processed. & Environment Issues of WTO. Proposals for ongoing India EFTA (Iceland, Norway, Switzerland) Negotiation in Trade Budget allocation of the scheme and Investment Agreement are also being during the year and progress of examined in the Ministry. expenditure

The consultancy project, ‘Programme on The budget allocation for the Trade and Trade and Environment’ continued during the Environment Cell for the Financial Year is year. The dedicated website – http: / Rs.14 lakhs, out of which Rs.5,54,455/- was www.mse.ac.in/Trade/index.asp – functions sanctioned to Madras School of Economics as one-stop resource for Trade and Environment (MSE), Chennai on 4th March, 2011. Further, related issues in India with comprehensive Rs.6,60,409/- was also sanctioned to MSE coverage of Regional Trade Agreement, on 27th September, 2011.

278 CHAPTER-13 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sustainable Development Division Chair’s Summary are available on MoEF Website. Sustainable Development is one of the thrust areas of the Ministry of Environment and International Events Forests and International Cooperation and – United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development Division (IC&SD) is Sustainable Development responsible for interacting with the various (Rio+20), in August, 2011 at UN Agencies, International Bodies and foreign Itamaraty Palace, in Rio de countries for the cause of developing concerns Janeiro of sustainable development in the various Indian Delegation consisting of officers of national programmes and policies. IC&SD is this Ministry and Ministry of External the nodal point within Ministry to co-ordinate Affairs attended the Informal Consultation all International Environmental Cooperation Meeting concerning the topics of the and Sustainable Development issues. UNCSD on 21st August and BASIC The United Nations Conference on meeting on 24th-25th August, 2011. Environment and Development (UNCED), also – High Level Conference Sharing known at Earth Summit or Rio Summit, was Green Economy based practices held at Rio-de-Janeiro, Brazil in 1992, had towards Rio+20, Warsaw, Poland adopted the Agenda 21, which is a blue print Indian Delegation consisting of officers of for a global plan of action for achieving this Ministry and Ministry of External sustainable development. The Commission on Affairs attended the High Level Conference Sustainable Development (CSD) was set up titled “Sharing Green Economy based in 1993 under United Nations Economics practices towards Rio+20” held in Social Council (UN ECOSOC) for the purpose Warsaw, Poland on 11th-12th October, of review of progress of implementation of the 2011. Agenda 21. The Commission meets annually – Asia pacific Preparatory Meeting in New York, USA. for the UNCSD, Seoul, Republic of The major activities taken up during the Korea year 2011-12 is summarized as under: Indian Delegation consisting of officers of Delhi Ministerial Dialogue held on 3rd- this Ministry and Ministry of External 4th October, 2011 Affairs attended the Asia Pacific Preparatory Meeting for the UNCSD – The Ministry organized the Delhi held in Seoul, Republic of Korea from Ministerial Dialogue on 3rd-4th October, 19th-20th October, 2011. 2011 at Hotel ‘The Ashok’, New Delhi. – Second Inter-sessional Meeting – The representatives of around 41 countries of the United Nations Conference (including India) and 9 UN and other on Sustainable Development important organizations participated in (UNCSD), New York, USA the meeting Indian Delegation consisting of officers of – The title of the Dialogue was ‘Green this Ministry and Ministry of External Economy & Inclusive Growth. The focus Affairs attended the 2nd Inter-sessional of the Dialogue was on integrating green Meeting of The United Nations Conference economy architecture and poverty on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) eradication, food security and energy was held on 15th-16th December, 2011 security. in New York, USA. – All the relevant documents including

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– The United Nations Conference of UNCSD on or before 1st November, 2011. on Sustainable Development Accordingly, India has submitted its National (UNCSD), or Rio+20, will take Inputs to UNCSD, which are available on place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in ‘www.uncsd2012.org’ website along with June, 2012 to commensurate the inputs of other countries as well. completion of twenty years of Delhi Sustainable Development 1992 Earth Summit. Summit (DSDS) Publication on “Sustainable The 2012 edition of DSDS has been Development in India: stocktaking in scheduled on 2-4 February, with the “Protecting the run up to Rio+20” the global commons: 20 years post Rio”. A publication on “Sustainable Industry leaders, opinion makers, and climate Development in India: Stocktaking in the run change experts will gather to create a uniform up to Rio+20” was released on 3rd October, level of understanding among all stakeholders 2011 by Hon’ble Minister of Environment and formulate meaningful policy options for and Forests during Delhi Ministerial Dialogue. a constructive dialogue on climate change As the global community prepares for the and try to arrive at an agreement. United Nations Conference on Sustainable Commission on Sustainable 13 Development (UNCSD), also popularly known Development (CSD) as the Rio+20 that will be held in Rio de th Janeiro in 2012, taking stock of national The 19 Session of the UN Commission initiatives in addressing sustainability concerns on Sustainable Development (CSD-19) was is important. With this rational, the Ministry held at the UN Headquarters in New York nd th of Environment and Forests (MoEF), Government from 2 -13 May, 2011. The Commission on of India undertook a study to track key Sustainable Development was created as an initiatives in India towards the promotion of outcome of the Rio Earth Summit in 1992, sustainable development in the years following and its mandate reaffirmed and expanded in the 1992 United Nations Conference on the 2002 Johannesburg Plan of Environment and Development (UNCED). The Implementation. In its eleventh session, it was book discusses key policies, programmes, decided that the CSD’s multi-year programme legal, financial provisioning, institutional of work beyond 2003 would be organized mechanisms, and engagement with major on the basis of seven two-year cycles, with groups that contribute to the objective of each cycle focusing on selected thematic sustainable development. The document also clusters of issues. CSD-19 was the final year th assesses gaps and challenges faced by India of the 4 cycle, and its thematic focus areas as a developing country. were transport, mining, chemicals, waste management, and a 10 year framework of Submission of India’s National Inputs programmes on sustainable consumption and for Rio+20 production patterns. Inter-linkages and cross The UNCSD/Rio+20 to be held at Rio cutting issues were also on the agenda. Indian de Janeiro in June 2012 have two themes Delegation headed by Secretary (E&F) viz., Green Economy in the context of comprising of officers from Ministry of Sustainable Development & Poverty Environment and Forests & Ministry of External Eradication (GESDPE) and Institutional Affairs participated in the meeting. There was Framework for Sustainable Development no agreed outcome at CSD-19 because of (IFSD). Member states of UN were required logjam over issues like human right in occupied to submit their National Inputs to Secretariat territories and means of implementation.

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International Centre for Integrated management of rangeland activities in Ladakh, Mountain Development (ICIMOD) through Chang Tang Foundation. ICIMOD The interaction and collaboration between with its partners in India and other countries ICIMOD and the Government of India and operationalized a landscape management among the national partners took place project in Kailash Sacred Landscape area. through the Strategic Programmes and Action Expert consultations and Yatras are organized Areas of ICIMOD, being within the ambit of in India and Nepal under the planning phase the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) of the project. Other initiatives in the landscape signed by the GBPIHED, on behalf of the conservation efforts include Namdapha Ministry of Environment and Forests, National Park (Tiger Reserve), Mouling Government of India, with ICIMOD, National Park and the surrounding areas in Kathmandu, on the 25th September, 2008. Arunachal Pradesh and Brahmaputra-Salween The major highlight of 2011 collaboration Landscape. For learning from developments in was the organization of ‘India ICIMOD Day’ other parts of the globe, a river basins on 30th September, 2011 at New Delhi, twinning project was initiated. It comprised of which acted as a boost by providing an dissemination of results of the case studies opportunity for the eminent experts, G.B.Pant conducted in the Upper Danube and Upper Institute of Himalayan Environment and Brahmaputra river basins. Development (GBPIHED) and other partner United Nations Convention to Combat Institutions and ICIMOD professionals to Desertification interact and share their experiences. Hon’ble Brief Objectives Minister of State (I/C) for Environment and Forests, Government of India inaugurated the The objective of the division is twofold: day’s program and Hon’ble Minister for – To implement policies and promote policy Science and Technology, Government of India initiatives related to minimize land presided over the function. Both the Ministers degradation in dryland areas. provided directions & set priorities for future – To facilitate planning and implementation collaboration. ICIMOD participated in of programmes and projects to address celebrating World Environment Day with the desertification, land degradation and theme: ‘Forests: Nature at Your Service’. A drought (DLDD) in the dryland areas, regional event in celebration of World specially through sustainable land & Environment Day, ‘Voices of School Children ecosystem management (SLEM). – Children’s Discussion and Expression Sessions’ was organised by ICIMOD in Activities undertaken so far partnership with the GB Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Policy Initiatives (GBPIHED) on 5th June, 2011. School children – A 3-member delegation led by Joint from mountain areas in different age groups Secretary, MoEF (and National Focal were brought together to discuss on various Point for UNCCD) and comprising of mountain issues. Science and Technology Correspondent Other major programs include developing and Programme Director – SLEM entrepreneurship in value-chains of programme attended the UNCCD COP th st Cinnamomum tamala (Indian Bay Leaf); linking 10 meeting from 10 -21 October at poor producers to markets for essential oils Changwon, Republic of Korea. and which is completed. Efforts are – On 20th September, 2011, a one-day being made to obtain support for co- high-level meeting on the theme

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“Addressing desertification, land Point for UNCCD) and comprising of degradation and drought in the context Science and Technology Correspondent of sustainable development and poverty and Programme Director- SLEM eradication” was held and statement by programme attended the UNCCD COP India was delivered by Mr. Dilip Sinha, 10 meeting from 10th-21st October at Additional Secretary, at the 66th session Changwon, Republic of Korea. of the United Nations General Assembly. – A Brainstorming workshop on – Meeting of the Asia-Pacific (Annex II) “Desertification Mapping and Reporting was held in Bali Indonesia, September on Impact Indicators” on 27th July, 2011 2011 to firm up the regional position in with a focus on harmonisation of data preparation for COP 10. using existing assessment tools for – Preparatory meeting to the COP 10 at reporting on the Impact Indicators and the national level was held on 22nd strengthening the proposal for GEF 5. September, 2011 to firm India’s position. – The National Steering Committee for the – Director and Science and Technology Sustainable Land and Ecosystem Correspondent for India attended “Experts Management (SLEM) programme was meeting on combating desertification in constituted on 31st March, 2010 with the th 13 Asia” at Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia from 6 - mandate to endorse the work plans of the 7th September, 2011. SLEM projects and review progress. Programme Initiatives Accordingly, the first NSC meeting was held on 26th May, 2010 and the second – Proposal submitted on “Enhancing meeting was held on 19th April, 2011. capacity for alignment of National Action – World Day to Combat Desertification on Programme to 10 year Strategy of 17th June, 2011 was observed and a UNCCD & for National Reporting to workshop was organized at Indian UNCCD Secretariat” for funding to GEF Council of Forestry Research and secretariat under cycle 5. Education, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. The Progress/achievements made during workshop was inaugurated by Padma the year Bhushan Shri Chandi Prasad Bhatt and The following were important milestones Dr. R.V. Singh Former DG, Indian Council achieved: of Forestry Research and Education was the Guest of Honour. The UNCCD theme th – The 4 National Report was submitted to for this year, the workshop theme was th the UNCCD secretariat on-line on 26 “SLEM: Role of Forest in Dryland Areas”. October, 2010 using the Performance Comparison of progress Review and Assessment of Implementation System (PRAIS). The Elucidation report – Brainstorming workshop on Desertification was printed and disseminated widely, mapping and on Impact Indicators was including UNCCD COP 10 at Republic organized on 27th July, 2011 in of Korea in October 2011. The final preparation for Reporting on Impact submitted report is available on the Indicators in 2012. ministry website and can be downloaded – A three (3) member Delegation lead by at http://moef.nic.in/modules/divisions/ Joint Secretary, MoEF attended the desertification-cell/?f=report2010 UNCCD COP 10 from 10th to 21st – A 3 member delegation led by Joint October, 2011 at Changwon, Republic Secretary, MoEF (and National Focal of Korea.

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Regulatory Acts/Rules governing the environment, and to create a new, programme and promulagation of revitalized common ground for all new Acts UNCCD stakeholders. The Strategy – The United Nations Convention to Combat contains the “strategic objectives” to be Desertification (UNCCD) is one of the achieved over the 10 years, and the three Rio Conventions that focuses on “operational objectives” that guide the Desertification, Land Degradation and actions of short and medium-term effects. Drought (DLDD). ‘Desertification’ as The strategy can be downloaded at defined in the UNCCD refers to land http://www.unccd.int/Lists/ degradation in the drylands (arid, semi SiteDocumentLibrary/Publications/ arid and dry sub humid regions) resulting The%20Strategy%20leaflet-english.pdf from various factors and does not connote – India became a signatory to the United spread or expansion of deserts. Nations Convention to Combat Desertification on 14th October, 1994 – UNCCD with 194 Parties recognizes and ratified it on 17th December, 1996. land degradation as an important factor With about 32% of its land being affecting some of the most vulnerable affected by land degradation, India has people and ecosystems in the world. The high stakes and stands strongly committed convention aims at adaption and can, on to implementing the UNCCD. The Ministry implementation, significantly contribute of Environment and Forests is the nodal to achieving the Millennium Development Ministry in the Government of India for Goals (MDGs), as well as sustainable the UNCCD, and Desertification cell is development and poverty reduction by the nodal point within the Ministry to co- means of arresting and reversing land ordinate all issues pertaining to the degradation. convention. Additionally, India is also – The convention promotes Sustainable Land the Chair of the Asia Group of countries Management (SLM) as solution to global party to UNCCD. challenges. Land degradation is long- – Though India does not have a specific term loss of ecosystem function and policy or legislative framework for productivity caused by disturbances from combating desertification as such, the which the land cannot recover unaided. concern for arresting and reversing land While Sustainable Land Management is degradation and desertification gets focused on changes in land cover/land reflected in many of our national policies use in order to maintain and enhance which have enabling provisions for ecosystems functions and services. addressing these problems. It is also – As the Convention enters its second implicit in the goals of Sustainable Forest decade, the Parties unanimously adopted Management (SFM), sustainable the 10-year strategic plan and framework agriculture, Sustainable Land to enhance the implementation of the Management (SLM) and the overarching Convention for 2008-2018 (The Strategy) goal of sustainable development which at COPS, held in Madrid in September the country has been pursuing. The 2007. The Strategy provides a unique subject has in fact been engaging the opportunity to address some of the attention of our planners and policy Convention’s key challenges, to capitalize makers since the inception of planning. on its strengths, to seize opportunities The first five year plan (1951-1956) had provided by the new policy and financing ‘land rehabilitation’ as one of the thrust

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areas. In the subsequent plans too, high Environmental Facility (GEF), under the priority has been consistently attached to latter’s Country Partnership Programme development of the drylands. (CPP). The objective of SLEM – As per the Desertification and Land Programmatic Approach is to “promote Degradation Atlas of India published by sustainable land management and use of the Space Application Centre in 2007 biodiversity as well as maintain the about 32.07% of the land is undergoing capacity of ecosystems to deliver goods various forms of degradation and 25% and services”. Under this SLEM of the geographical area is affected by Programmatic Approach, seven projects desertification. About 69% of the country’s have been formulated, and are under lands are drylands and degradation of various stages of implementation. these lands has severe implications for Climate Change the livelihood and food security of millions. Introduction – It is worth noting that India occupies only 2.4% of the world’s geographical area, Climate change is a global phenomenon yet supports about 16.7% of the world’s but adversely affects developing countries human population; it has only 0.5% of particularly as their capacity and resources to deal with the challenge is limited. India is 13 the world’s grazing land but supports 18% of the world’s cattle population. already vulnerable to a large degree of Thus there is tremendous pressure on our climate variability. Studies indicate that climate land- based natural resources, and change may exacerbate the problem of sustainable land management is crucial existing climate variability in India. It is st for sustainable development and also our projected that, by the end of 21 century, progress towards attaining the MDG rainfall in India may increase by 15-40% with goals including poverty alleviation. high regional variability. Warming may be more pronounced over land areas with northern – India formulated and submitted in 2001 India experiencing maximum increase. The a National Action Programme (NAP) to warming could be relatively greater in winter combat desertification, in accordance and post-monsoon seasons. The annual mean with the Convention (UNCCD). A broad temperature could increase by 3°C to 6°C roadmap to combating desertification, over the century. NAP recognizes the multi-sectoral nature of the task, in view of the fact that many The likely impacts of climate change on of the drivers of desertification have cross different regions and sectors have been studied cutting dimensions. As for instance, poverty and assessed from time to time. Initial of the masses has long been known to assessments were carried out in National be a key driver of desertification and Communications in 2004. Recently, this land degradation, which needs to Ministry carried out a major assessment for addressed. four sectors – water resources, agriculture, – To address the issues of DLDD and build forests and human health – in four critical synergy with other RIO conventions regions of India – the Himalayan region, (UNFCCC & CBD), the Sustainable Land North-East, Western Ghats and coastal and Ecosystem Management Country prepared by INCCA. The report ‘Climate Partnership Program (SLEM CPP) was Change and India: 4×4 assessment’ provides developed. The SLEM Programme is a a comprehensive, long-term assessment of joint initiative between the Government impact of climate change in 2030s. The of India (GOI) and the Global assessment will be further deepened and

285 Ministry of Environment & Forests refined through a comprehensive exercise of preparation of National Communications (NATCOM) that is due in 2012.

International regime for climate change A consensus-based international regime for addressing climate change exists in form of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Fig-69. Indian delegates lead by Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Minister Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol of the of Environment and Forests (I/C) Convention sets legally binding targets for GHG reductions by industrialized countries Durban outcomes are notable as the (5.2% below their aggregate 1990 second commitment period of the Kyoto emissions) during the “first commitment Protocol was established and some of the key period”, 2008-2012. The Convention is agreements related to Green Climate Fund, premised on the principle of “common but Technology Mechanism and the Adaptation differentiated responsibilities and respective Framework were operationalized. The capabilities” and recognizes the transparency arrangements agreed at Cancun responsibilities of developed countries in were also finalized with the adoption of MRV reducing the global emissions of greenhouse guidelines for both the developed and gases. The implementation of the Convention developing countries. It was ensured that the is reviewed by the Conference of Parties guidelines for the developing countries are not (CoP) at its annual meetings. more onerous than for the developed countries. Currently, the international community is Durban outcomes also opened a window engaged in negotiating and implementing for discussions on the post-2020 arrangements enhanced actions for achieving the objectives for addressing global climate change for of the Convention and its Kyoto Protocol, which a Durban Platform has been launched. under a mandate known as the Bali Road India took lead in ensuring that the new Map, in accordance with which the parties arrangements are created under the Convention have taken certain decisions at Cancun in so that the principles of Equity and Common 2010 and in Durban in 2011. But Differentiated Responsibilities fully apply to the arrangements. Durban Platform will Durban Outcomes at CoP-17 explore options for a range of actions that The seventeenth Conference of Parties can close the ambition gap in accordance (COP-17) to UNFCCC held at Durban during with these principles. 28th November – 9th December, 2011 took several important decisions on the issues Though the Durban decisions are a under negotiations. The Indian delegation that significant step forward, there are other participated in the Conference was led by concerns of developing countries which are Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Minister of yet to be fully addressed. The foremost issue Environment & Forests (I/C). India played an is that of equitable burden sharing with regard important role in reaching the agreements at to mitigation actions between the developing Durban. and developed countries in the post 2020

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emissions are about 4% only of

total global CO2 emissions, India has been conscious of the global challenge of climate change. In fulfillment of the international obligations under the UNFCCC, India prepares a National Communication (NATCOM) which gives an inventory of the greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions in India, and assesses the vulnerability and impacts. First NATCOM was presented in 2004. The Government is engaged in preparing NATCOM II, which will be presented to the UNFCCC in 2012. Preparation Fig-70. Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan (MEF) in discussion with other delegates of NATCOM II is an exercise 13 based on an extensive network arrangements. This is necessary to ensure that of research and scientific institutions in India and the goal of social and economic development draws upon expertise and assistance from and poverty eradication in developing countries different institutions. is not compromised. Besides the issues of unilateral measures and technology related Steps have also been taken to increase intellectual property rights (IPRs) continue to capacity at the institutional level for conducting be the dominant concern in the run up to research into climate change science and Doha. making necessary assessments. The Ministry has set up a network, namely the Indian In the ensuing negotiations, urgent work Network for Climate Change Assessment is needed on (i) defining equity making it, (INCCA) comprising of 127 research together with the CBDR, the bed rock of post- institutions tasked with undertaking research 2020 arrangements, (ii) implementing the on the science of climate change and its decision on the second commitment period impacts on different sectors of economy under the Kyoto Protocol (KP) and across various regions of India. The Ministry strengthening the Clean Development released, in May 2010, India’s Green House Mechanism (CDM), (iii) ensuring comparability Gas (GHG) Emissions Inventory for 2007 of targets between Kyoto Protocol and Non- prepared by INCCA. The 2007 inventory Kyoto Protocol parties, (iv) preventing unilateral was brought out in order to increase trade actions in the name of climate change, transparency of estimates of the GHG emissions (v) initiating a dialogue on Intellectual Property in India. With this publication, India became Rights as part of technology development and the first ‘non Annex I’ (i.e., developing) transfer efforts, and (vi) capitalizing the Green country to publish such updated numbers. Climate Fund and raising resources in the This constitutes a major step forward to long run. improving the frequency of the preparation of Climate change and India’s actions NATCOMs and emissions inventory in India. Although India’s contribution to global India’s strategy for addressing climate climate change is minimal and its total CO2 change is also reflected in many of its social

287 Ministry of Environment & Forests and economic development programmes. The the 12th Five year Plan. To be launched from National Action Plan on Climate Change the year 2012-13, the new scheme aims at (NAPCC) coordinated by the Ministry of advancing scientific research into and Environment & Forests is being implemented assessment of the phenomenon of climate through the Nodal Ministries in specific change, building an institutional and analytical sectors/areas. Eight national missions in the capacity for research and studies in the area area of solar energy, enhanced energy of climate change, and supporting domestic efficiency, sustainable agriculture, sustainable actions to address climate change through habitat, water, Himalayan eco-system, specific programmes and actions at the national increasing the forest cover and strategic and state level. The activities under the knowledge for climate change form the core Scheme will continue to be amplified and of National Action Plan. All national missions developed in later years. have been approved by the Prime Minister’s In 2011, Ministry launched an ambitious Council on Climate Change and are at project on assessment of ‘black carbon’ and different stages of implementation. State its impact on environment in consultation with Governments are also preparing, under advice other agencies of the Government. The project of the Central Government, State Action Plans has been launched with support of Indian on Climate Change aimed at creating Space Research Organization (ISRO). institutional and programme oriented capacities to address climate change. India’s participation in CDM projects continued to see an upward trend during the Government has announced a domestic year. By the end of 2011, the total number mitigation goal of reducing emissions intensity of approved projects in India had risen to of GDP by 20-25% by 2020 in comparison 2160 out of which 776 had been registered with 2005 level. This is in line with the by the CDM Executive Board (EB) of the projections of the energy intensity of India’s UNFCCC. The total investment potential of output that has shown a declining trend owing the approved projects is Rs.3,64,034 crores. to improvements in energy efficiency, The Certified Emission Reduction certificates autonomous technological changes and (CERs) for the projects approved by the EB economical use of energy. This domestic are 124 million. At a nominal value of US goal and the objectives of the National $ 10 per CER, this represents a likely flow Action Plan on Climate Change are proposed of around US $ 1,240 million. India to be achieved through a sustainable continues to occupy the second position development strategy that will be outlined in globally in terms of projects approved by the course of the XIIth Five Year Plan. EB as also in terms of the value of CERs Initiatives taken in 2011-12 earned by the approved projects. Besides following a pro-active policy of Sixteen State Governments and domestic actions, India took several other Governments of Union Territories have prepared initiatives during the year to advance domestic State Action Plans on Climate Change and international actions on climate change. (SAPCC) in accordance with the template prepared by the Central Government. A At the initiative of the Ministry, Planning Steering Committee at the Central level will Commission has recognized climate change examine the Plans following which the as a major area of environmental intervention. modalities for financing and implementing the ‘Climate Change Action Programme’, a new SAPCCs will be considered in the 12th Five thematic/umbrella Scheme has been approved Year Plan. by the Planning Commission for inclusion in

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13

Fig-71. Alpine meadow in Western Himalaya India hosted the sixth BASIC Ministers 2011 in New Delhi during which the bilateral meeting on 26th-27th January, 2011 in New and multilateral issues related to climate Delhi during which the Environment Ministers change were discussed. Bilateral discussions of India, Brazil, China and South Africa met with European Union were held ahead of to discuss the climate change issues in the run India-EU Summit in 2012. During these up to the seventeenth Conference of Parties. meetings, the issues of EU’s decision to In line with the BASIC plus approach, Ministers include aviation in its Emissions Trading from Algeria, Maldives and Chair of the Scheme and the Joint Work Programme on Group of 77 & China were also invited to Energy, Clean Development and Climate the meeting. India attended the BASIC meetings Change were discussed. India also held hosted by South Africa in Zimbali (28th-29th bilateral meetings including a stakeholder’s May, 2011), Brazil in Inhotim (26th-27th meeting in New Delhi in September 2011 to August, 2011), and China in Beijing (31st discuss the Bilateral Credit Mechanism October -1st November, 2011). India also proposed by Japan. participated in the meetings of Major During the year, India joined the World Economies Forum organized by the US and Bank’s Partnership for Market Readiness (PMR), Petersberg Dialogue on climate change with a view to take forward market related organized by Germany. initiatives in the field of mitigation and to The Ministry held bilateral dialogues provide capacity building to developing with several countries on climate change countries in creating enabling environment for related issues. An India-USA bilateral climate domestic carbon markets. India’s investment dialogue has hosted by India on 18th July, Plan for Clean Technology Fund (CTF) for

289 Ministry of Environment & Forests accessing the resources of Clean Technology climate system. The Convention enjoins Parties Fund was also cleared by the World Bank. is to communicate information about the At the sub-regional level, India partnered implementation of the Convention, taking into with Bhutan, Nepal and Bangladesh for account the common but differentiated cooperation to address adverse effects of responsibilities and respective capabilities and climate change through adaptation actions in their specific regional and national the four thematic areas of Food, Water, development priorities, objectives and Energy and Biodiversity. This initiative culminated in a Minister level Bhutan Climate circumstances. Article 12 of the Convention Summit held on November 19, 2011. relates to the communication of information Some other schemes under Climate pertaining to implementation in accordance Change areas are as follows: with Article 4 (1) of the Convention, whereby each Party is required to communicate to the – India’s National Communication to United Nations Framework Convention on Conference of the Parties. The elements of Climate Change (UNFCCC) information in the communication are provided – Climate Change Science Programme in the context of national circumstances and – Inter Governmental Panel on Climate include: Change (IPCC) – A national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by Brief Objectives sinks of all greenhouse gases not – To meet the obligations under Article 12 controlled by the Montreal Protocol, to of UNFCCC the extent its capacities permit, using comparable methodologies to be – To conduct studies to assess the impact promoted and agreed upon by the of climate change Conference of Parties; – To prepare scientific assessments related – A general description of steps taken to to climate change at global level implement the Convention including an Under the aegis of Indian Network for assessment of impacts, vulnerability due Climate Change Assessment (INCCA), three to climate change and associated new scientific programmes, namely, National adaptation needs, and Carbonaceous Aerosols Programme (NCAP), – Any other information that the Party Long-term ecological observatories, Centre considers relevant to the achievement of for Advanced Studies in North East Regions the objective of the Convention and of India have been initiated by this Ministry. suitable for inclusion in its communication, India’s National Communication to including, if feasible, material relevant United Nations Framework for calculations of global emission trends. Convention on Climate Change Towards fulfilment of obligation under the (UNFCCC) UNFCCC, India submitted its Initial National India is a Party to the United Nations Communication to the UNFCCC Secretariat in June 2004, within three years of receipt Framework Convention on Climate Change of financial support from the Global (UNFCCC), the objective of which is to achieve Environment Facility (GEF). The second stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations National Communication has been prepared in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent in association with a wide range of institutions dangerous anthropogenic interference with the covering research organizations, universities,

290 Annual Report 2011-2012 industry associations and non-governmental and chemical properties of aerosols, their organizations spread all over India and the temporal heterogeneities, spectral relevant ministries and their departments. The characteristics and size distribution have been Document is now in the process of approval carried out extensively since the 1980s at for submission to the UNFCCC for the next different distinct geographical regions as part Conference of Parties. The Ministry of of different national programmes such as the Environment & Forests is both executing and I-MAP (Indian Middle Atmosphere the implementing agency. The UNDP, New Programme), and later under the ISRO-GBP Delhi is the GEF implementing agency. (Indian Space Research Organization’s Indian Network of Climate Change Geosphere Biosphere Programme). The ISRO- Assessment (INCCA) GBP annual review meeting in 1998 recognized the importance of Black Carbon With a view to enhance knowledge aerosols on the climate system and it was about the impacts of climate change at the decided to pursue studies of Black Carbon in national and sub-national level, Indian Network subsequent years. of Climate Change Assessment (INCCA) on October 14, 2009 has been launched. In view of this, a multi-institutional and INCCA has been conceptualized as a network- multi-agency Science Plan has been launched 13 based scientific programme designed to (a) in this Ministry in association with Ministry of Assess the drivers and implications of climate Earth Sciences, Indian Space Research change through scientific research; (b) Prepare Organization, Ministry of Science and climate change assessments once every two Technology and other associated agencies, to years (greenhouse gas estimations and impact monitor aerosols and assess its impacts through of climate change, associated vulnerabilities various modeling techniques. and adaptation); (c) Develop decision support Ecosystem Monitoring: Network on systems and (d) Build capacity towards Long Term Ecological Observatories management of climate-change related risks (LTEO) and opportunities. The programmes envisaged Records of the geological past shows under INCCA can diagrammatically be shown that ecosystems have some capacity to adapt in Fig-72. naturally to climate change but this resilience Black Carbon Research Initiative: has never been challenged by a large global National Carbonaceous Aerosols human population and its multi-faceted Programme Aerosol is a system of colloidal particles dispersed in the atmospheric gases. It may be of natural or anthropogenic origin. It may have influence on climate directly through scattering and absorbing radiation, and indirectly through acting as cloud condensation nuclei or modifying the optical properties and lifetime of clouds. In India, systematic investigations of the physical Fig-72. Programmes envisaged under INCCA

291 Ministry of Environment & Forests demands and pressures on ecosystems. The further studies on observational impacts on resilience of many ecosystems is likely to be forest, biodiversity, water, agriculture, human exceeded by 2100 by an unprecedented settlement, and to identify vulnerability, develop combination of change in climate, associated adaptation and mitigation options for having disturbances (e.g., flooding, drought, wildfire, climate benefits in the North eastern regions. insects, ocean acidification), and other global Considering the special features, natural change drivers (e.g., land-use change, resources and its susceptibility to threats of pollution, over-exploitation of resources). climate change, it is contemplated to undertake In view of the above, Ministry of coordinated studies on Climate Change for Environment and Forests in association with North-East India under the aegis of INCCA. other Ministries, State Government, Private The research activities will be organised in a sectors and Non Governmental Organisations, coordinated manner in the existing centres has proposed to develop and implement a located in the area and institutions having programme on “long-term ecological expertise elsewhere. The objectives of the observatories” which will include activities for studies are as follows: experimental research in ecology. Centre for – To collect data, information and Ecological Sciences is proposed to act as knowledge regarding all aspects of coordinating agency for the scientific climate change, ecosystem functioning, programme and the overall management of socio-economic aspects of the region. the project at the National level. The broad topics of research would include climate, – To undertake activities to collect, collate geology and soil science, hydrology, and synthesis of the data and prepare biodiversity, population ecology, community report. ecology, ecosystem and landscape-level – To undertake research activities (Short, dynamics, carbon fluxes, landuse change, Medium and Long term) in areas such as and human ecology which will help in water, agriculture, health etc. in respect understanding ecology of fire and invasive of climate change in the region. plants, sustainable use of non-timber forest Other Programmes under INCCA products etc. Impact Assessments Coordinated Studies in the North Eastern Region Climate change has enormous implications to the natural resources and livelihoods of the Climate Change is one of the biggest people. The available knowledge suggests environmental threats in the world as well as adverse implications to key sectors of the in the Indian sub-continent. Potentially, impact economy. Accordingly, a “Climate Change in is seen on food production and security, water India: 4×4 Assessment” has been devised to supply, bio-diversity, fisheries, health and ascertain the impacts in 2030’s. The choice settlements. In order to have adequate of the sectors and regions is in conformity with information about different regions under the the significance and importance of the climate aegis of INCCA, a sectoral and regional sensitive sectors of the economy that cover the climate change assessment have been made. well- being and livelihoods of the large The sectoral analysis for North-Eastern region population residing in these regions. The has also been outlined in the report that present assessment attempts to bring together reveals the significant projected changes in what is known as four major regions in India, precipitation pattern, temperature change, namely, Himalayan region, the North-Eastern agriculture, biodiversity and human health. region, the Western Ghats and the Coastal The key results encourages to undertake

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Region in regard to observed climate and established by the United Nations Environment climate change projections for the year 2030s Programme and World Meteorological on 4 key sectors such as the agriculture, Organization mandated to prepare scientific water, natural ecosystem, biodiversity and assessments on various aspects of climate health. change. IPCC has published its 4th Assessment Indo-UK Collaborative Research Report in the year 2007 and has been Programme on Climate Change – entrusted with the task of preparing its Fifth Impact and Adaptation - Phase II Assessment Report on Climate Change, inter- alia, the physical science basis; impacts, A joint collaborative research programme vulnerability and adaptation; and mitigation between the Government of United Kingdom, of climate change based on the published Department of Energy and Climate Change peer-reviewed literature worldwide. As a and the Ministry of Environment and Forests, nodal ministry in the Government it undertakes Government of India, is currently operational. and facilitates implementation of various Research is being undertaken on various activities of the IPCC at both international and components viz., climate change scenarios, national level. national level study on impacts and IPCC published two special reports namely, vulnerability, socio-economic impact and 13 “Special Report on Managing the risk of extreme events and adaptation response to extreme events and disasters to advance climate change in the States of Odisha and climate change adaptation (SREX)” and Madhya Pradesh. Some of the key findings “Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources of the project are as follows: and Climate Change Modelling results have estimated more severe/deficit towards the 2080s Mitigation (SRREN)”. Summary for Policy for the two study states. This project also makers is available in the IPCC official assessed the link between water and website (http://www.ipcc.ch/). agriculture in the major river basins i.e. Ozone Layer Protection Ganga basin and the Mahanadi basin of Madhya Pradesh and Odisha which indicates Introduction and Objectives greater water loss due to evapo-transpiration – Ozone, a tri-atomic molecule is formed whereas floods in the Ganga are expected naturally in the upper level of the Earth’s to be more intense in mid-century, increasing atmosphere by high-energy Ultraviolet further by the end of the century. The study (UV) radiation from the Sun. About 90 also projects a 10-40% decline in crop per cent of Ozone formed in this way lies production over the coming century. The state- between 15 and 55 kilometers above specific assessment for Madhya Pradesh the Earth’s surface, called the suggested an uncontrolled drop in wheat Stratosphere. yields which may cause mass scale migration – The stratospheric Ozone Layer absorbs to urban centres whereas crop vulnerability of all the harmful UV-B radiations emanating Odisha indicates a decrease in the Below from the Sun. It protects plant and animal Poverty Level population by 10.3 percent by life from UV radiation. The UV radiation 2020. has the potential to cause skin cancer, Intergovernmental panel on Climate eye cataract, suppress body’s immune Change (IPCC) system, decrease crop yield etc., which The Intergovernmental panel on Climate led to the adoption of the Vienna Change (IPCC) is a specialized body jointly Convention for the Protection of the

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Ozone Layer in 1985 and the Montreal of the Montreal Protocol provisions, review Protocol on Substances that Deplete the of various policy and implementation Ozone Layer in 1987. India ratified the options, project approval and monitoring. Montreal Protocol and its London Regulatory Measures Amendment on 19th June, 1992. India also ratified the Copenhagen Amendment – The Ozone Depleting Substances (1992), the Montreal Amendment (1997) (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 and the Beijing Amendment (1999) on under the Environment (Protection) Act, 3rd March, 2003. 1986 has been notified in the Gazette of India on 19th July, 2000. These Rules – India was mainly producing and using set the deadlines for phasing out of nine of the 96 Ozone Depleting various ODSs, besides regulating Substances (ODSs) controlled under the production, consumption, trade, import Montreal Protocol. These are CFC-11, and export of ODSs and the products CFC-12, CFC-113, Carbontetrachloride containing ODSs. The ODS Rules were (CTC), Hydrochlorofluorocarbons-22 amended in 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005 (HCFC-22), Halon-1211, Halon-1301, and 2007 to facilitate implementation of Methyl Chloroform and Methyl Bromide. ODS phase-out by the enterprises in – The Government of India has entrusted various sectors. the work relating to Ozone layer – These Rules prohibit the production and protection and implementation of the consumption of CFCs, CTC and Halons Montreal Protocol on substances that beyond 1st January, 2010 except use of deplete the Ozone Layer to the Ministry. pharmaceutical grade CFCs in – A detailed India Country Program for manufacturing of Metered Dose Inhalers phase out of ODSs was prepared in (MDIs). Further, the use of methyl bromide 1993 to ensure the phase out of ODS has been allowed upto 1st January, according to the National Industrial 2015. Since, HCFCs are used as interim Development Strategy, without undue substitute to replace CFCs, their burden to both consumers and industry production and consumption is allowed by accessing the Protocol’s Financial upto 1st January, 2030. Mechanism in accordance with the – The ODS rules will further be amended requirements stipulated in the Montreal to cater the needs of accelerated phase- Protocol. The Country Program was out of next category of ODSs, the updated in 2006. HCFCs. – The Ministry has set up the Ozone Cell as a National Ozone Unit to render Fiscal Measures necessary services for effective and timely – Customs and Excise duty exemption have implementation of the Protocol and its been extended for Multilateral Fund (MLF) ODS phase-out program in India. The assisted ODS phase-out projects or Ministry has also established an expansion of capacity with non-ODS Empowered Steering Committee (ESC) technology during the financial year Chaired by the Secretary (E&F) which is 2011-2012. supported by two Standing Committees, Technology and Finance Standing Activities undertaken so far Committee (TFSC) and Standing – India has taken a series of fiscal and Committee on Monitoring. The ESC is regulatory measures to facilitate ODS overall responsible for the implementation phase-out in the country. Among fiscal

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measures taken, the Government has – Data on production, consumption, export, accorded customs and excise duty import of ODSs is being submitted to the exemptions on goods required for ODS Ozone Secretariat by end of September phase-out projects and new investment every year. and expansion of established industries – Organization of TFSC meetings for with non-ODS technologies. recommending ODSs phase-out projects – The UN General Assembly on 23rd for submission to the MLF Secretariat and January, 1995 adopted a resolution recommending projects for fiscal 49/114 which proclaims 16th September incentives. In the year 2011, two meetings as the International Day for the of TFSC were held and duty exemption Preservation of the Ozone Layer, to certificate were issued to 7 enterprises. commemorate the signing of the Montreal – No Objection certificates for 115 Protocol on Substances that Deplete the enterprises were issued to DGFT for th Ozone Layer which was signed on 16 import and export of ODSs and ODS September, 1987. The International Day based equipments. for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer is celebrated at national and state levels – Project Management Unit (PMU) was set up in 2002 to implement the CFC and 13 since 1995. CTC National Phase-out Plans. – Awareness activities at the national and state levels were organized to sensitize – The phase-out of HCFCs was accelerated the stakeholders to phase-out the ODS in by 10 years with certain reduction th various sectors. The International Ozone schedule vide decision XIX/6 of the 19 Day function is being organized every MOP in 2007. year in the country on 16th September. – A Roadmap for phasing-out of HCFCs – “Montreal Protocol: India’s Success was developed describing the long term Story”, posters, stickers are brought out vision and action plan including the every year on the occasion of policy instruments for phasing out of International Ozone Day giving latest production and consumption of HCFCs in information on ODS phase-out in the India. country and technologies adopted. – An Action Plan for implementation of the – A bi-monthly newsletter viz. ‘VATIS Roadmap for phasing out of HCFCs in UPDATE-Ozone Layer Protection’ is being India has been developed indicating the published giving latest information on the responsibilities of agencies/organizations science of Ozone and technical options and timelines for its smooth and effective evolved and used in various sectors all implementation. over the globe. – The HCFC Phase-out Management Plan – Participation in the Meetings of the (HPMP) on Refrigeration and Air Executive Committee (Ex-Com), Open Conditioning (RAC) manufacturing and Ended Working Group (OEWG), South foam manufacturing sectoral strategy has Asia Network meeting and joint meeting been prepared in close cooperation with of Regional Ozone Networks, Multilateral industry associations. Environmental Agreement Regional – The RAC servicing sector strategy has Enforcement Network Meeting (MEA- been prepared by the servicing sector REN), Meeting of the Parties (MOP) and group of the industry under the guidance other Montreal Protocol related meetings. of GIZ, Govt. of Germany as

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implementing agency in close cooperation with the Ozone Cell, MoEF. – HPMP Stage-I, to comply with the 2013 and 2015 targets, has been prepared in close cooperation with the lead implementing agency and the associated agencies and has been submitted to the MLF Secretariat after the approval of the MoEF. Achievements made – India has met the following compliance targets as per Fig-73. Chief Guest Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, the control schedule of the (MEF) on Ozone Day celebration Montreal Protocol:- – Phase out of production of CFCs with effect from – Training, workshops were organized for 1st August, 2008, 17 months prior service technicians on good servicing to the Montreal Protocol schedule. practices and retrofitting of CFC based refrigeration appliances to non-CFCs. – Complete phase-out of production More than 10,000 technicians have and consumption of CFCs, CTC and been trained under the National CFC halons with effect from 1st January, Consumption Phase-out Plan (NCCoPP). 2010. – The 17th International Day for the – The National Strategy for transition Preservation of the Ozone Layer was to non-CFC MDIs and plan for celebrated in Delhi on 16th September, phase-out of CFCs in the manufacture 2011. The theme of this year’s of pharmaceutical MDIs in India has International Ozone Day was “HCFC been successfully implemented. phase-out: a unique opportunity”. – India in consultation with the MDI Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan, Hon’ble Minister manufacturers has withdrawn the of State for Environment & Forests EUN for 2011 and also committed (Independent Charge) was the Chief not to seek any EUN for Guest. Around 650 school children, pharmaceutical grade CFCs in future. policy makers, technocrats and This was one of the commendable Government officials attended the achievements in the MDI sector. function. – The Ex-Com of the MLF so far has – On this occasion poster, painting, model approved a total of 301 projects involving making, slogan writing, quiz, skit MLF funding of US $257,427,713 to competitions were organized among the Indian industry for phase-out of school children. Prizes for the best 3 in production and consumption of 58,638 each competition were given. The ODP tones of the ODSs in India. publication “Montreal Protocol: India’s

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Success Story” was released and in cooperation with like minded countries. distributed to the participants on this India played a vital role in generating occasion. consensus and based on India’s intervention, decisions were taken in the – India took an initiative to understand the Conference to ensure that the interest of issues related to the production and the country and Indian industry are consumption of Hydrofluoro-carbons protected. (HFCs) which are widely adopted as alternative to CFCs as well as HCFCs. – India has been elected as a Member of An Indo-US workshop was organized in the Ex-Com of the MLF for the February, 2011. As a follow up of the implementation of the Montreal Protocol workshop an India-US Task force was for the year 2012. established under the Co-Chairmanship – The following workshops were conducted of Mr. J.M. Mauskar, Special Secretary, during this year: MoEF, Govt. of India and Mr. Daniel A. Reifsnyder, Deputy Assistant Secretary, – A one day “Indo-US Workshop on th US Department of State. The first meeting HFCs” was organized on 18 of the Task Force was held in June, February 2011 in Delhi to 13 2011. A draft report of the task Force understand the issues related to the on HFCs has been prepared which would production and consumption of HFCs. be finalized in consultation with India – A stakeholder workshop on CTC and USA. was organized in close cooperation with UNEP on 21st and 22nd – The combined 9th Meeting of the September, 2011. Conference of the Parties (COP) to the Vienna Convention for Protection of the – The first meeting of the India-US Task Ozone Layer and 23rd MOP to the Force on HFCs was convened on nd Montreal Protocol was held from 21st to 22 June 2011 at New Delhi to 25th November, 2011 in Bali, Indonesia. discuss various issues relating to The issues discussed during the above HFCs especially the availability of meeting including proposed amendments transfer of technologies and to the Montreal Protocol to bring phase- implications of phase-down of HFCs. down of HFCs under the ambit of the – A “Stakeholders Workshop on Montreal Protocol, phase-out of HFC-23 HPMP” was organized on 21st and by-product emissions, sustained mitigation 22nd October, 2011 in New Delhi of ODS emissions from feedstock, process with concerned industry stakeholders agent uses, additional information on including members from IPUA, alternatives to ODSs and potential areas RAMA, Refrigerant Gas of focus for the 2014 quadrennial report Manufacturers Association of the Scientific Assessment Panel (SAP), (REGMA), implementing agencies the Environmental Effects Assessment and bilateral agencies to finalise the Panel (EEAP) and the Technology and HPMP. Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP). A – In addition to these, Workshops and number of ideas introduced in the Seminars are also being organised Conference aimed at selectively on a regular basis for interaction advancing the agenda of developed with industry, Government bodies countries were firmly opposed by India etc.

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Awards & Appreciations received so Cell by the United States Environmental far Protection Agency (USEPA), Washington – The Ozone Cell of India was conferred DC for “Leadership in Ozone Layer Protection” at a special ceremony on “The Montreal Protocol Implementers th Award, 2007” by the Montreal Protocol, 19 May, 2008 at the Kennedy Center Ozone Secretariat, UNEP, on the for the Performing Arts in Washington occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the DC, U.S.A. Montreal Protocol held on 16th – The 22nd MOP of the Montreal Protocol September, 2007 at Montreal, for its held from 8th to 12th November, 2010 extraordinary contributions in effective at Bangkok, Thailand congratulated implementation of the Montreal Protocol Ozone Cell of India for its outstanding and the global effort to protect the achievements for not seeking any CFCs Ozone Layer. for manufacturing of MDIs under the – The Ozone Cell of India was conferred EUN provisions of the Montreal Protocol “The Montreal Protocol Exemplary Project for the year 2011 and beyond. Recognition Award”, for India’s – The 22nd MOP of the Montreal Protocol contribution to the project “Foam Sector held from 8th to 12th November 2010 at Umbrella Project for conversion to CFC Bangkok, Thailand appreciated the role free technology”. Projects on Ecological of Indian delegation for raising the issue Refrigeration (ECOFRIG), Human and of pre-blended polyols as a controlled Institutional Development for Ecology substance and arriving at the decision to Refrigeration (HIDECOR) and National provide funding to the enterprises in CFC Consumption Phase-out Plan Article-5 Parties for conversion from pre- (NCCoPP) were conferred “The Montreal blended polyols with HCFC-141b to non- Protocol Exemplary Project Recognition ODS technologies. Award” by the Montreal Protocol, Ozone Secretariat, UNEP, on the occasion of – The Montreal Protocol Certificate of the 20th Anniversary of the Montreal Recognition was awarded to Ozone Cell Protocol held on 16th September, 2007 of India on 7th October, 2011, for at Montreal. compliance with 2010 obligations to the – The Stratospheric Ozone Protection phase out of Annexure-A, Group-I, Group- Award, 2008: In recognition of II and Annexure-B, Group-I, Group-II exceptional contributions to global Ozone Depleting Substances, by the environmental protection, was conferred Ozone Secretariat for the Vienna on Dr. A. Duraisamy, Director, Ozone Convention and the Montreal Protocol.

298 CHAPTER-14 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Ministry of Environment & Forests

Introduction Progress/Achievements during the year The Ministry of Environment and Forests is the nodal Ministry in the Government of United Nations Environment India for all Multilateral Environmental Programme (UNEP) Agreements. These include Vienna Convention – The United Nations Environment for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, Montreal Programme (UNEP) established in 1972, Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone is the principle entity within the UN Layer, Conventions on Biological Diversity, System to assist the developing countries UN Framework Convention on Climate in building scientific and technical Change, UN Convention to Combat capacity, fostering partnership and Desertification, Kyoto Protocol, the Basel knowledge development to promote Convention on Trans-boundary Movement of environment for sustainable development. Based in Nairobi, Kenya, UNEP activities Hazardous Substances, Stockholm Convention range from assessment of environmental on Persistent Organic Pollutants, Rotterdam trends, especially early warning systems Convention, Ramsar Convention etc. to deal with the environmental disasters International Co-operation Division is the and emergencies to the promotion of nodal point within the Ministry to coordinate environmental science and information. all international environmental cooperation – One of the main responsibilities of the and sustainable development issues. It is the UNEP is to keep under review the world nodal Division for United Nations Environment environmental situation and ensure that Programme (UNEP), United Nations emerging environmental problems of wide Development Programme (UNDP), the World international significance are prioritized and receive appropriate and adequate Bank, UNIDO, Global Environment Facility consideration by the Governments. UNEP (GEF) and regional bodies like Economic & has six priority areas viz: (i) climate Social Commission for Asia & Pacific (ESCAP), change (ii) ecosystem management (iii) South Asian Association for Regional disasters and conflicts (iv) resource Cooperation (SAARC), South Asia Cooperative efficiency (v) harmful substances and Environment Programme (SACEP), Asian hazardous waste and (vi) environment Development Bank and European Union (EU), governance. India Brazil South Africa (IBSA) Summit on – The Governing Council/Global Environment, etc. The Division also handles Ministerial Environment Forum of the bilateral country to country co-operation in UNEP is a high level environment policy the areas of environment protection. This forum which brings the world’s environment Division also provides funds for deputation of ministers together to review the important officers for participation in meetings organized and emerging policy issues in the field by UNEP, UNDESA, GEF and other UN of the environment. The Council/Forum Agencies and international organizations. meets annually at Nairobi, Kenya in general sessions and outside Kenya in The division supports annual contribution special sessions in alternate years. to International Organizations such as ASEAN – The UNEP Council/Forum had organized Green Fund, United Nations Convention to its 26th Session at Nairobi, Kenya from Combat Desertification, Integrated Mountain 21-24 February, 2011. The Council/ Development (ICIMOD), SAARC, SACEP etc. Forum had focused on the overarching

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theme of “Contribution of UNEP to the and coherent funds and ensuring a preparatory process of the United Nations responsive approach including technology Conference on Sustainable Development”. transfer and capacity building. Under this theme, two interlinked topics – The proceedings of the 26th GC/GMEF were discussed : may be seen at UNEP website at http:/ (i) Green Economy—benefits, /www.unep.org/gc/gc26/docs/ challenges and risks associated with Proceedings/K1170817_E-GC26- a green economy transition, and 19_Proceedings.pdf . (ii) International environmental – Government of India provides contribution governance. to the UNEP Environment Fund annually – India being a member of the Governing at the rate of US $ 100,000. Council, participated in the 26th Session Contributions upto the calendar year of the Council/Forum at Nairobi from 2011 has been transmitted to the UNEP 21-24 February, 2011. Indian Secretariat. Delegation was led by Secretary (E&F). UNEP’s International Resource Panel India reiterated its commitment to provide and Steering Committee leadership and partnership in our – Constituted in 2007 by the UNEP, the 14 collective quest for sustainable future. International Resource Panel (IRP) is a India also recalled the gains made at the scientific panel of experts that supports 10th Meeting of the Conference of Parties science-based policy making on resource (CoP) to the Convention of Biological use and green economy strategies for Diversity at Nagoya, Japan and called providing scientific assessments and expert upon the countries to come forward and advice viz: ratify the Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) Protocol at the earliest. The (i) Scientific assessments of policy protocol contributes to conservation of relevant on sustainable use of natural biodiversity and equitable sharing of resources and in particular, their benefits. environmental impacts over the full life cycle; and – India had also highlighted several initiatives taken for greening of the (ii) Contribute a better understanding economy, which is seen as an opportunity on how to decouple economic growth to further growth. Simultaneously, it also from environmental degradation. drew caution to the possibility that the – The International Resource Panel consists discourse of Green Economy may become of 25 experts from leading institutions a stumbling block in the way of other around the world involved with all aspects overriding priorities of developing of resource use and management. The economies. The scope of green economy panel is co-chaired by Prof. Ernst Ulrich should be clearly defined and universally von Weizsacker, former Chairman of the accepted. Bundestag Environment Committee – As regards International Environment (Germany) and Dr. Ashok Khosla, Governance, India would support President of the International Union for initiatives on creating a strong and Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and credible interface on science policy and Founder of the Development Alternatives, market development, achieving New Delhi, India. The panel is supported effectiveness and coherence within the by a Steering Committee made up of UN System, securing sufficient, predictable representatives of many governments, the

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European Commission and other the United Nations Environment intergovernmental and civil society Programme (UNEP) and the Development organizations. India is the member of the Alternatives, New Delhi. Steering Committee. – The meeting of the International Resource – The themes covered by the IRP’s scientific Panel (IRP) was held on 18th & 20th assessments are: November, 2011 to discuss selected – Decoupling to provide a scientific issues like Decoupling (cities and water), understanding of resource Impacts (Clean Technology & Trade), productivity and decoupling Metals reports etc. A joint meeting of economic growth from environmental the International Resource Panel and harm, alongwith related policies and Steering Committee was held on 21st & methodologies. 22nd November, 2011. The joint meeting – Environmental impacts to produce was inaugurated by Secretary (E&F), authoritative, coherent, policy- Ministry of Environment and Forests relevant assessments outlining those participated in the meeting of the Steering product groups and materials that Committee. The Indian delegation made are most responsible for several important suggestions on the environmental impacts and resource reports as well as on the operational scarcity, and providing options for procedures of the IRP. The Steering decreasing their impacts. Committee considered revision of the operational procedures like appointment – Global metals flows to help reuse of Co-chairs, tenure of appointment, and recycling activities of metals increase in the number of members of the and establish the concept of International Resource Panel from present ‘material-cycles’ within international 25 to 40, etc. society by providing scientific and authoritative assessments on the Global Environment Facility (GEF) global extraction and use of metals. – India is a founder member of GEF – Water efficiency to assess the status (www.gefweb.org), the largest multilateral and options for decoupling economic funding mechanism providing incremental growth from water usage, pollution project grant to the developing countries and contamination by improving on global environmental issues with local efficiency in water harvesting, benefits. Set up in 1991, 182 demand and supply, and recycling governments are its members. India is in selected sectors. both a donor and recipient of GEF grant. – Land and soil to assess global land We chair and represent the GEF South use and soil management, exploring Asia Constituency (comprising of how these two dimensions of Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Maldives agriculture are connected and and Sri Lanka) in the GEF Council promoting sustainable management meetings twice a year. The 4th GEF South of land globally. Asia Constituency meeting was hosted – The Ministry of Environment & Forests by the Government of Sri Lanka in has co-hosted the 9th Meeting of UNEP’s Colombo focusing on GEF 5 operational International Resource Panel and Steering and programming issues. Committee in New Delhi from 18-22 – The Ministry of Environment and Forests November, 2011 in collaboration with (MoEF) is the GEF Operational Focal

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Point for India for coordination and the program started in 1997 and Centre operational matters. Department of for Environment Education was selected Economic Affairs (DEA) in Ministry of as the National Host Institution (NHI) by Finance is the GEF Political Focal Point the Ministry in 2000 for this program. for India dealing with policy and United Nations Development Programme governance issues. The GEF Empowered (UNDP) is the GEF Implementing Agency Committee chaired by Secretary (E&F) for SGP. Till date, nearly 331 projects guides, approves and overlooks GEF awarded worth USD 7.1 million of GEF operations in the country. grant while generated USD 8.9 million – Since 1991, India has accessed USD of co-financing. 326 million as GEF grant and leveraged – This year, four projects were national USD 2 billion of co-financing for climate and internationally recognized and change, biodiversity, land degradation, awarded for a) Earth Care Award 2011 international waters and chemicals was conferred to Energy Research projects while contributing USD 51 million Applications for promoting smokeless to the GEF Trust Fund (1991 - June fuel from biomass waste and its impact 2014). India has received an indicative on climate change mitigation and allocation of USD 129 million under adaptation; b) NGO partner IBTADA’s 14 GEF 5 cycle (July 2010 – June 2014) project on animal husbandry practices and in consultation with the concerned as sustainable livelihoods, empowering stakeholders, the Ministry has identified women through credit, self-help and and prioritized concepts for GEF 5 alternative fuels/energy sources was the programming. The detail project first ‘Runners Up’ for Outstanding Annual documents are under preparation. Report in medium category (50 lakhs to – The Ministry organized GEF National 5 crores) by CSO partners Forum in Dialogue Workshop along with GEF India; c) Maldhari Rural Action Group Secretariat at Goa in September 2011 (MARAG)’s project on institutionalizing to review its current project portfolio as organic approach in land up- gradation well as to program for the current GEF to optimize livelihood options of poor 5 cycle. The Dialogue underscored the families found space in UN Permanent fact that GEF India project portfolio is Forum of Indigenous issues at New York vibrant and strong not only in terms of and received tremendous response; and, the type/ nature of projects but also in d) SAMBANDH’s project on promoting terms of showcasing positive impacts. indigenous knowledge for bio-diversity This trend needs to be strengthened. GEF conservation and its applications for India brochure and project flyers were health and livelihood security among released and are available at Ministry. tribal communities in India recognized by World Banks India Development GEF Small Grants Program (SGP) India Maketplace competition. – GEF Small Grants Program (SGP) – SGP grant applications can be submitted provides project grant of USD 50,000 year round. For more details visit, to NGOs and local communities to www.sgpindia.org address environmental and livelihood New GEF-SGP OP 5 Project challenges. SGP is operational in 122 countries and more than 12,000 grants – The GEF Operational Phase (OP) 5 have been awarded worldwide. In India, cycle is proposed to be operational for the period from 2012-2016 and the

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proposal has been submitted to UNDP South Asian Association for Regional for onward submission to GEF for CEO Cooperation (SAARC) endorsement and operationalization. The – The South Asian Association for Regional GEF Grant for the entire project duration Cooperation (SAARC), which is an is 5,000,000 USD, the details of which intergovernmental body, was established are as follows: in 1985 with the aim to provide a Year Amount Amount in INR platform for the people of South Asia to in USD (1 USD= Rs. 47) work together in a spirit of friendship, trust and understanding so that the process 2012-13 1,800,000 Rs. 8,46,00,000 of economic and social development in 2013-14 1,500,000 Rs. 7,05,00,000 Member States could be accelerated. 2014-15 1,200,000 Rs. 5,64,00,000 The SAARC has eight countries as its 2015-16 500,000 Rs. 2,35,00,000 members, viz., Afghanistan, Bangladesh, – The objectives of the GEF OP 5 project Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, are targeted to the Biodiversity (BD), Sri Lanka. Climate Change Mitigation (CCM) and – With a view to provide directives and Land Degradation (LD) Focal Areas. The mandate for regional co-operation under project also supports the objectives of the the SAARC, the SAARC Secretariat 5th Operational Phase of the global SGP. organizes meeting of the Heads of State or Government once a year or more – Under the Biodiversity Focal Area, the often as and when considered necessary project will support mainstreaming the by the Member States known as SAARC biodiversity and seeks to increase the Summit. So far 17 Summits had been number of hectares of sustainably held. managed landscapes and seascapes that – The 17th SAARC Summit was held on 10- integrate biodiversity conservation and 11 of November 2011 in Addu City, incorporate measures to conserve Maldives. Three areas of cooperation biodiversity into local level policy and were highlighted in the 17th Summit viz: planning framework. trade, transport and economic integration; – Under the Climate Change Mitigation security issues such piracy and climate (CCM) focal area, the project will provide change; and good governance in which grants to promote the demonstration, progress should be made. The Member development and transfer of innovative States were called on to establish a low carbon solutions and low carbon commission to address issues of gender practices at the community level, such as inequalities in South Asia. The following micro-solar power and fuel-efficient stoves, four agreements were signed in the which would also lead to investments in Summit : renewable energy and reduced GHG (i) SAARC Agreement on Rapid emissions. Response to Natural Disasters – The Land Degradation focal area includes: (ii) SAARC Agreement on Multilateral Agricultural and rangeland systems; and Arrangement on Recognition of Forest landscapes. The project will seek Conformity Assessment to maintain or improve the flow of agro- (iii) SAARC Agreement on ecosystem and forest ecosystem services Implementation of Regional to sustain community livelihoods. Standards

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(iv) SAARC Seed Bank Agreement groups engaged in such co-operation – So far, nine Environment Ministers’ and conservation efforts. Conferences of SAARC countries have – Secretary, Ministry of Environment and been held. The 9th Meeting of the Forests is the SACEP Focal Point for SAARC Environment Ministers was held India. The SACEP holds its Governing in Thimphu, Bhutan on 29th September, Council (GC) meetings, which concentrate 2011. Prior to this, 4th meeting of the on current regional issues as well as SAARC Technical Committee on global concerns. Environment and Forestry was held at – This Ministry provides Government of Thimphu, Bhutan on 27-28 September India’s annual contribution to the SACEP. 2011. Additional Secretary in-charge of During the financial year 2011-12, the IC Division led the Indian Delegation in Ministry has released Rs.14,34,686/- both the meetings. (US$ 31,850) as annual contribution to – During the 8th meeting of the SAARC the SACEP. Environment Ministers held in New Delhi, The World Bank India from 19-20 October, 2009, Minister for Environment and Forests had – International Cooperation Division is nodal division for the overall World Bank 14 announced a one-time grant of one million US dollar each for capacity portfolio in environmental projects. It building and strengthening of SAARC coordinates the initial tying up of activities Forestry Center in Bhutan and SAARC including crucial negotiations before the Coastal Management Center in Maldives projects are actually started by the equivalent to Rs.10.00 crore. The Ministry concerned thematic divisions. has released the entire amount to the Bilateral Cooperation SAARC Secretariat, Kathmandu for Ministry of Environment and Forests onward transmission to the SAARC has bilateral cooperation agreements with a Forestry Center, Bhutan and SAARC number of countries such as the USA, UK, Coastal Management Center, Maldives Canada, China, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, respectively. Norway, Finland etc. Most of these agreements South Asia Cooperative Environment are operated through the Joint Working Groups. Programme (SACEP) These agreements provide mechanism for – The South Asia Cooperative Environment international interactions and consultation in Programme (SACEP) was set up in 1982 the field of environment. with headquarters in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The main activities during the year It aims to promote regional Co-operation Action Plan Support Facility in South Asia in the field of environment, both natural and human, in the context Action Plan Support Facility (APSF) was of sustainable development and on issues a programme designed to implement the of economic and social development India-EU Joint Action Plan. The Plan outlined which also impinge on the environment cooperation initiatives in the field of and vice versa. It supports conservation environment/ climate in particular to develop and management of natural resources of dialogues on global environmental issues with the region by working closely with all a view to building mutual understanding on national, regional, and international multilateral environmental agreements. institutions, governmental and The total EC contribution of eight million nongovernmental, as well as experts and Euro (to APSF) was divided between separate

305 Ministry of Environment & Forests components of environment, energy, academic and fauna and studying the impacts of cooperation and business and industry climate change. A working Group would cooperation. The APSF environment be set up to implement the activities component focused on the priority sectors of under MoU. The MoU is valid for an (a) Waste, (b) Climate Change, (c) Air initial period of five years which can be Pollution, (d) Water and (e) Chemicals. extended further through mutual consent. Two Study Tours under EU-India Action – A Protocol between the Government of Plan Support Facility ( APSF) were organized the Republic of India and the Government by Economic Cooperation Section of European of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh Union. The Study Tour on River Basin on Conservation of the Royal Bengal Management was held during 15-21 May, Tiger of the Sunderban was signed on 6th 2011 and Study Tour on ‘Management of E- September, 2011. Wastes’ was held during 22-29 May, 2011. The Protocol on Conservation of the Officers from the Ministry, CPCB and also Royal of the Sunderban from State Governments participated in it. The provides for bilateral cooperation in APSF programme has been concluded on undertaking scientific research, knowledge 16th June, 2011. sharing and patroling of the Sunderban waterways on their respective sides to Joint Working Group Meeting with prevent poaching or smuggling of France derivatives from wildlife and bilateral Second meeting of Joint Working Group initiatives to ensure survival and on Environment has been held between India conservation of the Royal Bengal Tiger and France on 5th July, 2011 in Paris. The in the unique ecosystem of the Sunderban. inter ministerial Indian Delegation in this The Protocol also provides for cooperation meeting was led by Secretary ( E & F) and to promote understanding and knowledge besides JS(IC), the representatives of Ministry of Royal Bengal Tigers, exchange of of Power, Ministry of Small and Medium personnel for training and promotion of Enterprises (MSME) as also representatives of education. business groups also participated in the – A MoU on cooperation in the field of meeting. The issues pertaining to Climate environment has been signed on 4th Change, Bio-diversity, Energy Efficiency, New March, 2012 between Government of and Renewable Energy were discussed in the Republic of India and the Government of meeting. Arab Republic of Egypt. Agreements signed during the year The main areas of cooperation are Waste Management including Agricultural – A Memorandum of Understanding Waste, Electronic waste, Tackling the between the Government of the Republic impact of climate change, the use of bio of India and the Government of the fuels, Marine environment protection and People’s Republic of Bangladesh on integrated coastal zone management, Conservation of the Sunderban was Air quality and water quality, the signed in September, 2011. protection of wetlands & water The MoU seeks to facilitate cooperation conservation, Biological Diversity and in the areas of conservation of biodiversity, nature conservation, Environmental joint management of resources, livelihood information systems, Waste water generation for poverty alleviation and management and reuse of treated effluents, development, cataloging of local flora Afforestation in arid areas etc.

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5th Meeting of India- EU Environment Diversity (CBD) to be hosted by India at Forum Hyderabad during 1st-19th October, 2012. 5th Meeting of India- EU Environment Activities Scheduled Forum was held on 29th September, 2011 in Joint Working Group meetings with New Delhi. The theme of the meeting was Norway, Sweden, Finland and Canada are “Securing Biodiversity”. The meeting was co- proposed in the upcoming year viz. 2012. chaired by Mr. Hem Pande, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Environment & Forests and Mr. Externally Aided Projects (EAPs) / Timo Makela, Director for International Affairs, North-East Cell Directorate General Environment, European The Externally Aided Projects (EAP) Commission. The main items of discussion in Division deals with the appraisals, approvals the meeting were : and monitoring of Forestry Projects being – The policies and measures on biodiversity implemented in the States with assistance from in India external donors. These projects are implemented in the States with assistance from – The 2011 European Union strategy on external funding agencies viz. Japan biodiversity International Cooperation Agency (JICA), AFD 14 (French Development Agency), World Bank – Indo-German project and study on (WB), etc. biodiversity and livelihoods The funds are utilized for promoting – Indo-UK projects on rural livelihood afforestation, rehabilitation of degraded forest areas, water and soil conservation measures, – Biodiversity conservation and farm forestry, agro forestry with the aim to management: Experience from GEF India increase forest and tree cover as well as to – EU-China cooperation on biodiversity: augment availability of fuel wood and fodder, Capacity building as a key tool. improve the livelihood opportunities and quality of life of the villagers adjoining forests, – Coastal and marine biodiversity in India strengthening joint forest management – Coastal ecosystems and climate change institutions to ensure people’s participation, 7th Meeting of India-EU Joint Working besides encouraging tree growing on private Group on Environment land as well as greening of the urban areas in accordance to the objectives envisaged in 7th Meeting of India-EU Joint Working th various projects under implementation. These Group on Environment was held on 30 projects inter-alia also aim at low-key economic September, 2011 in New Delhi. The meeting activities with a view to augment the income was presided over by Mr. Hem Pande, Joint of the people, employment generation as well secretary from Indian side and Mr. Timo as addressing the sustainability in perpetuity Makela, Director for International Affairs, once the funding ceases to flow due to Directorate General Environment, European completion of the project. These projects are Commission. The meeting, inter-alia, discussed reimbursed their actual expenditure as per the follow-up to the Environment Forum on loan agreements. Chemicals, Rio+20 preparation of positions on both sides, Preparation for Durban United At present, Eleven State Sector Forestry Nation Framework Convention on Climate Projects with an investment of about Rs. 6453 Change (UNFCCC) and 11th Conference of Crores are being implemented in Ten States Parties ( CoP 11) to Convention on Biological and another one project under Central Sector

307 Ministry of Environment & Forests titled “Capacity Building for Frontline Staff in Details of projects under implementation, their Forestry Sector” with an outlay of Rs. 225 components, Project objectives, project cost, crores is being implemented in 11 States. project period etc. are given in the Table-50.

Table-50. Details of ongoing projects through financial assistance from external funding agencies

S. Name of Implementi Cost Funding Project Objectives Components Project No. the Project ng Agency/ (Rs. Agency Period State Crores) 1. Rajasthan Rajasthan 1152 JICA To enhance forest (i) Afforestation 2011-12 Forestry and area and livelihood (ii) Agro Forestry Biodiversity opportunities of the (iii) Water conservation to Project forest dependent Structures (Phase-II) people and to (iv) Biodiversity Conservation 2018-19 conserve biodiversity (v) Community Mobilization by undertaking (vi) Poverty Alleviation and afforestation and Livelihood Improvement biodiversity (vii) Capacity Building, conservation Training & Research measures through JFM (viii) Monitoring and Evaluation approach, thereby (ix) Consulting Services contributing to environmental conservation and socio-economic development of Rajasthan. 2. Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu 686 JICA To strengthen (i) Biodiversity Conservation 2011-12 Biodiversity biodiversity (ii) Increasing the Natural Conservation conservation by Resources base to and improving ecosystem (iii) Institutional Capacity Greening and the management Development 2018-19 Project capacity as well as (iv) Consulting Services undertaking tree planting outside the recorded forest areas, thereby contributing to environmental conservation and harmonized socio- economic development of Tamil Nadu.

3. Sikkim Sikkim 330 JICA To strengthen (i) Forest and biodiversity 2010-11 Biodiversity biodiversity conservation Conservation conservation activities (ii) Eco –tourism to and Forest and forest (iii) Joint Forest Management Management management (iv) Supporting Activities 2019-20 Project capacity, and improve (v) Consulting Services livelihood for local people who are dependent on forests by promoting sustainable biodiversity conservation, afforestation and income generation

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S. Name of Implementi Cost Funding Project Objectives Components Project No. the Project ng Agency/ (Rs. Agency Period State Crores) activities including eco-tourism for the community development, thereby contributing environment conservation and harmonized socio- economic development of Sikkim. 4. Capacity Central Sector 225 JICA To improve training (i) To improve training 2008-09 Development Project environment for environment for frontline for Forest frontline staff through staff through the to Management the rehabilitation of rehabilitation of States and Training State Forest Training (ii) Forest Training Institutes 2013-14 of Personnel Institutes and through and through capacity capacity building of building of frontline forestry (5 years frontline forestry staff staff putting emphasis on and 3 putting emphasis on Joint Forest Management months) Joint Forest (JFM), thereby 14 Management (JFM), strengthening human thereby strengthening resource human resource development for development for sustainable forest sustainable forest management. management. 5. Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh 575 JICA To restore degraded (i) Plantations, regeneration of 2008-09 Participatory forests, to augment forests, etc. to Forest forest resources and (ii) Institutional Strengthening 2015-16 Management to improve livelihood of PMU/DMUs/FMUs and Poverty and empower the (iii) Rehabilitation of Forest Alleviation local people who are Training Institute at Project dependent on forests Lucknow. by promoting (iv) Communication and sustainable forest Publication. management including JFM (v) Monitoring and Evaluation. plantation and (vi) Physical Contingency community (vii) Consulting Services development, thereby improving environment and alleviating poverty 6. Gujarat Gujarat 830 JICA To restore degraded (i) Preparatory works 2007-08 Forestry forests and improve to (ii) Departmental Forest Development the livelihoods for 2014-15 Development and Project – and empower the Management Phase II local people who are dependent on forests (iii) JFM Forest Development by promoting and Management sustainable forest (iv) Social Forestry management Development and including JFM Management plantation and (v) Forest Research community/ tribal Communication and development, thereby (vi) Publication improving (vii) Wildlife Conservation and

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S. Name of Implementi Cost Funding Project Objectives Components Project No. the Project ng Agency/ (Rs. Agency Period State Crores) environment and Management alleviating poverty. (viii)(i) Monitoring and Evaluation (ix)(ii) Phase-out works (x)(iii) Consulting Services (including price and physical cont.) 7. Tripura Tripura 460 JICA To restore degraded (i) Rehabilitation of degraded 2007-08 Forest forests and improve land. to Environmenta the livelihood aspects (ii) Rehabilitation of degraded 2014-15 l of villagers, including and available non forest Improvement tribal families land. and Poverty engaged in traditional (iii) Farm forestry in Private Alleviation shifting cultivation and holding. Project promoting sustainable (iv) Eco-Development. forest management through JFM, thereby (v) Service Support. improving (vi) Rehabilitation of families environment and engaged in shifting alleviating poverty cultivation. (vii) Interface forestry Development. (viii) Supporting Works. 8. Swan River Himachal 162 JICA To regenerate the (i) Afforestation 2006-07 Integrated Pradesh forests, protect the to (ii) Civil Work for Soil & River Watershed agricultural land, and 2013-14 Management Management enhance agricultural Project and forestry (iii) Soil Protection & Land production in the Reclamation catchment area of the (iv) Livelihood Improvement Swan River, Himachal (v) Institutional Development Pradesh State, by carrying out the integrated watershed management activities including afforestation, civil works for soil and river management, soil protection and land reclamation, and livelihood improvement activities, thereby improving living conditions of people including the poor in the catchment area.

9. Orissa Orissa 660 JICA To restore degraded (i) Protection and 2006-07 Forestry forests and improve Conservation of to Sector the income level of Biodiversity of forests 2012-13 Development villagers by promoting (ii) Improving productivity of Project sustainable forest natural forests. management including JFM (iii) Providing livelihood plantation and options for the people Community/tribal (Support to VSS) development, thereby (iv) Eco-development and

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S. Name of Implementi Cost Funding Project Objectives Components Project No. the Project ng Agency/ (Rs. Agency Period State Crores) improving ecotourism activities environment and (v) Catering to commercial alleviating poverty. and industrial demands.

(vi) Capacity building of the Forest Department. 10. Karnataka Karnataka 745 JICA To restore forests to (i) Afforestation 2005-06 Sustainable bring about (ii) Income Generation Forests ecological restoration Activities for Poverty to Management and also to facilitate Alleviation & Bio- livelihood 2012-13 (iii) Biodiversity Conservation diversity improvement of the (iv) Provision of Basic Conservation inhabitants of the Infrastructure Support for Project. project villages by Field work. afforestation through Joint Forest Planning (v) Supporting Activities for and Management Forest Management (JFPM) in the State of (Research and Training, Karnataka, which Consultancy, and further contributes to Enhancement of reducing poverty and Geographic Information 14 preserving biodiversity System (GIS) and conservation of the Management Information area. System (MIS)

11. Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu 567 JICA To restore forests to (i) Integrated Watershed 2005-06 Afforestation bring about Development to project ecological restoration 2012-13 (ii) Integrated Tribal phase-II and also to facilitate Development livelihood improvement of the (iii) Forestry Extension inhabitants of the (iv) Urban Forestry project villages by (v) Capacity Building Research afforestation through Support Joint Forest (vi) Human Resources Management in the Development State of Tamil Nadu, which further (vii) Establishment of Modern contributes to Nurseries reducing poverty in (viii) Improving the the area. infrastructural facilities (ix) Administration (x) Monitoring and Evaluation 12. Integrated Haryana 286 JICA A. To rehabilitate (i) Soil and Water 2004-05 Natural forest lands in an Conservation Resources ecologically (ii) Plantation model and to Management sustainable manner. nursery development and Poverty 2010-11 (iii) Poverty reduction and Reduction B. To improve the institution building Project in quality of life of the (iv) Technical assistance Haryana villagers and adjoining forests (v) Supporting activities (vi) Administration Staff. TOTAL 6678

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Projects finalized for external Uttarakhand. assistance – Non Timber Forests Produce (NTFP) – The following forestry projects have been Livelihood possibilities for local rural finalized for external funding: communities in the State of Madhya Pradesh. Integrated Forestry Development and Bio- diversity Conservation through People’s EAP Division also acts as a nodal point, North-East Cell, Participation in West Bengal (Minutes of being the in respect of Discussion signed on 18th October, 2011. North Eastern States for forestry related matters and following activities: Projects under consideration for external assistance: – Forest based industrial estates, – Transportation of forest produce, The following forestry projects have been included for consideration under the Rolling – Court cases in apex court, etc. Plan for FY 2010-12 for external funding: Case studies of JICA assisted Forestry Projects: I. ‘Mangroves the Protector and Under consideration by Japan – Provider’ – A Success Story, International Cooperation Mohanpur Village, Bhadrak Agency (JICA) Division (Odisha Forestry Sector – Integrated Forest Resources Development Project Management Project in Jammu & Mohanpur is one of the villages chosen Kashmir for intervention under the Odisha Forestry – Nagaland Afforestation and Eco- Sector Development Project (OFSDP). development project Mangroves had been lost from this village and – Under consideration by AFD the villagers were feeling unsafe. Under (French Development Agency) OFSDP 220 ha of mangrove plantation was – Assam Project on Forest and Bio- raised in this village through active people’s diversity Conservation participation. Last year, during October, 2010 Projects under appraisal/ clearance when the Odisha coast experienced cyclonic stage for external assistance The following projects are proposed to be forwarded to external agencies for consideration in 2010- 11: – Simultaneous Treatment of Fringe Forest and Adjoining Non- forestlands for Conservation of Water, Bio-diversity, Sustainability of JFM and Poverty Alleviation (Central Sector Project). – Andhra Pradesh Forest Productivity Enhancement Project – Non Timber Forests Produce – Livelihood Possibilities in Fig-74. Fodder grass for stall feeding

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The villagers have now resolved to protect the mangrove plantation areas, as a result of which natural regeneration is coming up as well. Thus, the three years old mangrove plantation has shown great promise not only to act as a bio-shield, but also providing livelihood securities to the coastal communities. II.Broom Grass Initiative of the Tripura JICA Project – Centre of Excellence set up under the Fig-75. Mangrove plantation at Mohanpur village, Odisha Tripura Forest Environmental improvement low pressure, the three years old Mangrove and Poverty Alleviation Project had taken Plantation played a very crucial role in saving up harvesting, processing, value addition 800 acres of mature standing paddy crops and marketing of the broom grass in one from saline water intrusion. Mangrove of the Forest Ranges i.e. Pecharthal.. 14 plantation reduced the six ft. height fast tidal – The 14 Joint Forest Management waves to three ft. height slow waves. Thus the Committees (JFMC) had collected 522 saline water could not enter the agriculture Tonnes of broom grass in Pechartal field and paddy crop was saved. The Range in Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) villagers are also getting the following benefits mode. The collectors got the collection due to the mangrove plantations: charges @ Rs.33/- per Kilogram and the – Mangrove plantations are acting like a breeding ground for crabs since they are free from crab and fish collection. Fishing folk get four to five kg crab catch from long line net where there was no crab catch earlier. – The fishing communities are also getting fish and crab catch in the fish bone channels made for raising plantations, which are very near to the village. – Fodder grasses are available in plenty and the villages have voluntarily banned open grazing and started stall feeding. Milk production has increased from four to six ltrs to eight to twelve ltrs per day. Fig-76. Broom grass initiative of the Tripura JICA Project

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14 JFMCs received Rs. 1.72 Crores in Rs.500/- per day. The activity could just four months from December to March, generate employment to the participating 2011. forest dependent communities all through – The grass was partly sold and partly kept the year. for value addition and selling as brooms. – The participating members of the JFMCs 26 Self Help Groups (SHGs) are involved have voluntarily contributed Rs.50,000/ in making of brooms. From the value - to the Government as royalty which is addition every family is getting upto one of the unique instances of this kind.

314 CHAPTER-15 ADMINISTRATION AND CIVIL CONSTRUATION Ministry of Environment & Forests

Personnel Administration National Museum 01 post of of Natural History Scientist ‘C’on Staff Position DR basis The staff strength of the Ministry including Botanical Survey 01 Post of Director NAEB, NRCD is given in Table-51. of India (Scientist ‘G’) on DR basis The Ministry have outsourced some 06 posts of Scientist ‘C’ on DR basis clerical/office support jobs to tide over the Indian Forest Service (IFS) Cadre shortage of the staff during the year. Management Review and Promotion under FCS Mandate The screening/interviews of Scientists, – The Indian Forest Service (IFS) Cadre conducted during the current year under the Management Division is enjoined upon Flexible Complementing Scheme (FCS), to handle the business of the Ministry as involving a two-tier system of evaluation for the Cadre Controlling Authority for the review/assessment of the Scientists for their Indian Forest Service (one of the three All promotion (Table-52). India Service). – The total authorized cadre strength of the Recruitment Indian Forest Service as on 1st January, During the current year, the following 2011 is 3079 (three thousand seventy posts of Scientists were filled by way of Direct nine) which includes 2146 Direct Recruits Recruitment/Deputation: and 933 Promotion posts. The Total Ministry 06 posts of Senior Duty Posts (SDP) in the Indian (Proper) Scientist ‘C’ on DR basis Forest Service are 1881 and remaining 01 post of under various reserves. Besides serving Scientist ‘E’ on DR basis the 31 Forest Departments in the States 01 post of Scientist ‘F’ and Union Territories managing the on DR basis country’s natural resources, a good number of the IFS officers are in various Table-51. Number of employees in various groups and with reservation positions.

Group Sanctioned Number in Scheduled Scheduled OBCs Physically of Post Strength position Caste Tribes Handicapped

A 191 178 13 3 9 2 B 285 230 29 7 9 4 C 392 272 89 15 11 4 Total 868 680 131 25 29 10

Table-52. The screening/interviews of Scientists, conducted during the year under the Flexible Complementing Scheme (FCS) Organisation No. of Scientists No. of Scientists screened for successful in the Interview Interview Ministry (Proper) including Regional Offices 04 04 National River Conservation Directorate 02 02

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Ministries and institutions both in the – Allocation of IFS Probationers to various State and at the Central Deputation. State cadres. Main Activities of the IFS Cadre – Up-to-date Civil List of IFS officers is Management are: available on the website of this Ministry – Determination of vacancies and framing at www.ifs.nic.in besides, vacancy of rules for Direct Recruitment and circulars, training programme circulars, allocation of cadres to IFS probationers. Rules and Regulations concerning IFS, ACR availability status of IFS officers are – Determination of vacancies for induction also hosted on this site for the benefit of of State Forest Service Officers by the members of the Service. Each and promotion into Indian Forest Service, every member of Service has been coordination of Selection Committee provided facility to have his unique Email Meeting, Determination of Year of account through NIC on this site and Allotments Seniority. members of Service have been provided – Cadre of Review of revision in the facility to update data relating to their composition and strength of IFS in various posting details online for periodical cadres. upgradation. – Selection/ appointment of IFS officers to 15 – Eighty five Direct Recruit Officers on the various posts under Central Staffing basis of IFS Examination, 2009 were Scheme of the Ministry and to various included into the Service. autonomous bodies including Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education, – Thirty-six State Forest Service officers Dehradun; Indian Institute of Forest were included into the Indian Forest Management, Bhopal and Wildlife Institute – Service under IFS (Appointment by of India, Dehradun Promotion) Regulations, during the year – Facilitation of Selection/Appointment of 2009. IFS officers against the Central Staffing – About 21 IFS officers joined at various Scheme of Department of Personnel & levels under the Central Staffing Scheme Training (DoPT). of the Ministry and about 10 IFS officers – Finalization of various service matters joined under the Central Staffing Scheme like inter-cadre transfers, inter-cadre of the Department of Personnel & Training. deputations, cadre clearance for – Meeting of the Cadre Review Committee placements/trainings and post retirement were held to review the strength and benefits to the officers. composition of four cadres, namely – Management of AGMUT cadre including Jharkhand, West Bengal, Himachal promotions, transfers, postings and other Pradesh and Karnataka. service matters. – Around 80 Court Cases pending in Progress/Achievements during the various Courts across the Country were year liquidated. Around 450 Court Cases – The IFS Cadre Management Division of relating to the issues of IFS Cadre are the Ministry deals with the broad items pending in various Tribunals/Courts all of work relating to the Indian Forest over the Country. Service. – For the first time, online system for filling – Direct Recruitment to the Indian Forest up of the deputational posts under CSS Service. was introduced.

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– A Committee under the Chairmanship of During the year, 24 Disciplinary Shri J.C. Kala, Director General of Forests Proceedings cases, 12 Appeal cases and 16 (retired) was established to map Annual Prosecution cases were processed in the Recruitment Plan for Indian Forest Service Vigilance Division. Court cases were pursued for the next 20 years. The report of the in the respective court/CAT Bench. Counter Committee was received and follow up Reply was filed in about seven cases. 10 action on the same in consultation with complaints were finally disposed of after the various stake holders has been obtaining and considering the investigation initiated. reports. 56 applications received under RTI Vigilance Act were also processed and replies sent to the applicants. The progress on the disposal The Vigilance Division is responsible for of DP, Appeal, Prosecution, Court cases and all vigilance/disciplinary matters relating to RTI cases as well as complaints is reviewed the Indian Forest Service officers in the by JS&CVO from time to time. Ministry and its attached and subordinate offices including autonomous organizations/ About 900 Annual Property Returns as st PSUs and IFS officers posted in the State on 1 January, 2011 were received from Governments. The Vigilance Division functions Group ‘A’ & ‘B’ officers of the Ministry, under the direct control of Joint Secretary & including organizations under it, as well as Chief Vigilance Officer (CVO) with overall State Governments of which 700 APRs were supervision by Secretary, Environment & placed on the website of the Ministry till the Forests. end of December, 2011. The Vigilance Division is responsible for Based on the sensitive posts already examination and processing of disciplinary identified in the Ministry, rotational transfers cases, appeals, reviews and memorials of of officers and staff, who have put in three Indian Forest Service Officers of all States/ years or more in a sensitive post, are made. Union Territories, Investigation of Complaints, Sensitive posts have also been identified in Obtaining & Maintenance of Annual various field organizations and rotational Immovable Property Returns, (APRs) placing transfer from sensitive posts are effected in the APRs in public domain i.e. on the website these organizations as and when required. of the MoEF etc. Cases filed in various Vigilance Awareness Week was observed Benches of Central Administrative Tribunal in the Ministry during the period from 31st and Courts in India in connection with the October, 2011 to 5th November, 2011 and disciplinary matters are also handled in a pledge was administered by Secretary Vigilance Division. The prosecution cases (E&F) to the officers & staff to bring about launched against IFS Officers by Central integrity and transparency in all spheres of Bureau of Investigation (CBI) and various activities and to work unstintingly for States/Union Territories and also other eradication of corruption in all spheres of life. Officers/Staff of the Ministry are also dealt with in Vigilance Division. Parliament The Division requires frequent consultation Introduction with the Central Vigilance Commission, Union The Parliament Division in the Ministry is Public Service Commission (UPSC), Central responsible for co-ordination of all parliament Bureau of Investigation & Department of matters related to the Ministry. During the Personnel and Training (DoPT) as per rules year 2011-12, a total number of 833 and procedures laid down on the matter. Parliament Questions pertaining to various

318 Annual Report 2011-2012 aspects of environment were answered by the 250 215 Ministry (467 questions 200 in the Lok Sabha, out of 200 154 which 34 were starred 142 150 and 433 were un-starred. 91 98 A total of 366 questions 100

were asked in the Rajya questions of No. Sabha, out of which 44 50 15 12 were starred and 302 7 were un-starred). The 0 Budget Monsoon Winter questions covered a wide Sessions range of issues with which the Ministry is concerned, Starred Unstarred Total prominent among them being questions related Fig-77. Number of questions replied by the Ministry in all sessions of Lok Sabha to Forest Conservation, during 2011-2012 Wildlife Management, 15 Pollution, EIA, Freshwater replied by MoEF and other Ministries pertaining and Marine Conservation, Environmental to various environmental issues. Graphical Conservation, Climate Change and representation of the Parliament Questions Meteorology, Environment Education, NGOs replied by the Ministry during 2011-12 both and Media, Environment and Forest Trade, in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha in various Health and Sanitation, Water Management & sessions are given in Fig-77 and Fig-78. Energy Studies etc. Every Question/Answer is classified under The ENVIS Centre at WWF-India, under various sub heads of environment as per the ENVIS scheme of the Ministry compiles the subject list available with the ENVIS Centre, above mentioned Parliament Questions as WWF-India. This year subject-wise classified questions in Lok 180 162 Sabha and Rajya 160 145 Sabha sums up at 140 903 and 629 120 respectively. After 99 105 100 88 89 classification, the 80 total no. of questions 60 in both Lok Sabha No. of questions 40 and Rajya Sabha 17 16 20 11 rises in comparison to the unclassified 0 data, because of the Budget Monsoon Winter fact that a single Sessions question can attribute Starred Unstarred Total to more than one subject sub-head.

Fig-78. Number of questions replied by the Ministry in all sessions of Rajya Sabha Statistical during 2011-12 representation

319 Ministry of Environment & Forests

8, 1% 6, 1% The centre is currently 120, 13% working on the 15, 2% 38, 4% 7, 1% 27, 3% 19, 2% compendium of 28, 3% Environment in the Indian Parliament: An Analysis 88, 10% 149, 17% 2011 with the joint consensus of Parliament 37, 4% 1, 0% Section, MoEF. The 35, 4% preparation of the Trends 101, 11% & Analysis of the above- 91, 10% 133, 15% mentioned Parliamentary questions replied by the Agriculture Alternative Technologies Ministry of Environment & Biosafety Climate Change and Meteorology Disaster Management Energy Studies Forests and other Ministries Environment and Forest Trade Environmental Conservation related to Environment is Environmental Education, NGOs and Media EIA Forest Conservation Freshwater and Marine Conservation available with the ENVIS Health and Sanitation Medicinal Plants Pollution Water Management Centre at WWF-India. Wildlife Management Online accessibility is also there with the Centre’s Fig-79. Subject-wise depiction of questions replied by the Ministry in Lok Sabha website: http:// during 2011-2012 www.wwfenvis.nic.in.

6, 1% 8, 1% Internal Work Study 10, 2% 32, 5% 93, 15% 7, 1% Unit (IWSU) 12, 2% 16, 3% 26, 4% Activities relating to Internal Work Study are 79, 13% 52, 8% coordinated by IWS Unit of the Ministry. This is to 1, 0% insure timely action by 14, 2% 26, 4% various sections on proper 91, 14% 54, 9% record management and 102, 16% strict compliance of various provisions of the manual Agriculture Alternative Technologies Biosafety Climate Change and Meteorology of office procedure. Disaster Management Energy Studies Environment and Forest Trade Environmental Conservation Environmental Education, NGOs and Media EIA Progress/ Forest Conservation Freshwater and Marine Conservation Health and Sanitation Medicinal Plants Achievements Pollution Water Management Wildlife Management During the year 2011- 12 (as on 23rd February, Fig-80. Subject-wise depiction of questions replied by the Ministry in Rajya Sabha during 2011-2012 2012), Seven hundred forty seven files were depicting the subject-wise coverage of total recorded in Departmental Records Room no. of questions asked in both the houses of (DRR). Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) during the year 2011-12 is given in Fig-79 A proposal for Work Management Study and Fig-80. (WMS) of scientific and technical posts in

320 Annual Report 2011-2012

Ministry including NAEB and NRCD, by the for establishment of Video Conferencing work management committee with a core facility with all the states. member from Staff Inspection Unit (SIU), – Strengthened the website of the Ministry. Department of Expenditure, is under process. RTI Cell O&M inspections of the organizations The Ministry received one thousand five under the Ministry and Sections/Divisions of hundred seventy applications and one hundred the Ministry is a continuous process. O&M forty two appeals under RTI Act, 2005 during Inspection Reports of five subordinate/ the year 2011-12 (upto 21st February, 2012) autonomous Institutions under the Ministry as per RTI-MIS software. rd have been received during the year upto 23 Central Public Information Officers (CPIOs) February, 2012. and Appellate Authority (AAs) have been designated for effective implementation of RTI Information Technology and e- Act, 2005. The notification designating CPIOs/ Governance AAs is revised periodically. The Government has recognized A training programme for training of Information Technology (IT) as a major tool CPIOs in RTI matters was organized in 15 for speedy implementation and monitoring of September 2011, in collaboration with DoP&T various schemes and decisions in public and ISTM. Compliance with Section 4(1)b of interest. Accordingly, Ministry has embarked the RTI Act, was ensured. on a comprehensive exercise to implement various e-Governance activities / projects Protocol Section with the objective of transforming the functioning The Protocol Section deals with following of the Ministry, and also to transform the way activities: the Ministry serves its various stakeholders. – Providing comprehensive protocol Progress/Achievements Made During arrangement for the Minister/Minister of State of Environment and Forests and – The IT infrastructure of the Ministry, senior officers of this Ministry. This includes Botanical Survey of India and Zoological working out the itinerary, booking of Survey of India was strengthened. passage, baggage handling, customs/ – Photographic digitization of 4850 Nos. immigration/ security checks both at the Illustrations in the Old Archival Documents time of Departure/Arrival of VIPs as well at Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata as Security Passes for Airport and were completed. Reserved/Ceremonial Lounge for MEF. – Implemented a comprehensive application – To receive and see off foreign delegations of Comprehensive DDO Package VIPs who visits Paryavaran Bhavan to (CompDDO) designed and developed meet Minister/Minister of State/ by NIC specifically to meet the Secretary. requirements of Drawing & Disbursement – To handle issue/ revalidation of Officers (DDOs). Diplomatic/ Official Passports and getting – GIS based Project Monitoring System for note verbal and arranging visas from MoEF Projects is under implementation. Embassies. – Strengthened the network of BSI, Kolkata – To arrange passes for Independence and ZSI, Kolkata Day/ Republic Day for under Secretary – Installed Video Conferencing equipment and above officers of this Ministry,

321 Ministry of Environment & Forests

– To arrange Domestic/ International ticketing public regarding forestry, environmental matters of Minister/ Secretary (E&F)/ Spl. etc. Shri Atul Kaushik, Joint Secretary (PG) Secretary/DGF and various officers of the has been nominated as Public Grievance Ministry and payment of Bills thereof. Officer of the Ministry. – Handling of work relating to Receptions The general public can meet the Public at Rashtrapati Bhawan for VIPs upto Grievance Officer every Wednesday from Addl. Secretary levels. 10.00 AM to 1.00 PM. The main function – Examining /Passing of canteen bills on of the Cell is to ensure timely redressal of hospitality of US & above officers, ITDC, public grievances by taking up the matter with Ashoka at IGI Airport, Parliament House the concerned authorities such as District (N.Rly Catering), Tea Board/Coffee Board Magistrates, Municipal Corporations, Pollution and VIP Guests of Hon’ble Minister/ Control Boards, State Governments, etc. Most Minister of State/ Secretary. of the complaints related to: – Protocol division provided 905 Air tickets – Unauthorised industries located in for domestic & International Sectors and residential areas discharging harmful arranged visas & visa notes for around gases and hazardous effluents in the 232 of different countries during the immediate neighbourhood. period. – Environmental degradation due to General Administration mismanagement of civic amenities like The General Administration (GA) Division location of waste dump, water logging of the Ministry is entrusted with the responsibility etc. of procurement of stationery, stores, equipments – Poor maintenance of open areas and and providing logistics and support services parks; and to the officials of the Ministry including – Commercial establishments operating transport, communication, general upkeep illegally in the residential buildings causing etc. Some of the major initiative/activities of nuisance to people living in the immediate the Division during the year 2011-2012 are vicinity. (i) the Ministry has acquired 9565 sq. mtr. – Non-settlement of payment of salary dues of land at Aliganj, Jorbagh Road, New Delhi and retirement dues, benefits like pension for construction of its own office building. The etc. to staff. GA Division is working in tandem with various The Public Grievance cases are thus agencies involved in the project to complete monitored regularly at specified time intervals the building by the end of 2012; (ii) the in MoEF and the replies are sent to the Division has hired 9754.78 sq. ft office space complainants as early as possible. Once the from NDMC at Palika Bhavan to decongest final replies are sent, the petition is treated the office space at Paryavaran Bhavan. Some as closed and the same is indicated in the Divisions/Sections of the Ministry are expected statements prepared in respect of Public to be shifted to Palika Bhavan soon; (iii) Bio- Grievances. metric attendance system including face detection facility has been installed in the The staff of various Divisions/Sections Ministry to ensure proper attendance. have been trained by holding one-day video conferencing at Paryavaran Bhavan with the Public Grievance Cell assistance of officials of the Department of the A Grievance Cell has been functioning Administrative reforms & Public Grievances to in the Ministry to attend to the complaints of dispose off the complaints online through

322 Annual Report 2011-2012

Centralized Public Grievance Redress and Hindi Salahkar Samiti Monitoring Mechanism (CPGRAMS). To run Actions were taken on the decisions the Centralized Public Grievances portal the taken in the meeting of Hindi Salahkar Samiti Ids have been provided to the concerned was organised under the Chairmanship of sections/Divisions in the Ministry for quick Hon’ble Minister of State (Independent disposal of grievances/monitoring and issuing Charge). reminders on-line. Currently out of a total of 1625 Progress of Activities undertaken grievances on Centralized Public Grievance Official Language Implementation Redress and Monitoring System (CPGFRAMS), Committee 717 are pending. The disposal rate is 56% Under the Chairmanship of Joint Secretary which is a marked improvement from the rate (OL), the meetings of Official Language of 32% in March, 2011. The PG Cell has Implementation Committee were organised in envisaged a target of 80% in the year 2012- every quarter, wherein position of 13 with extra efforts. So far as the postal implementation of Official Language Policy in Grievances are concerned 25 out of 54 the Divisions/Sections of the Ministry was reviewed. 15 grievances have been disposed off and steps are being taken to dispose off the remaining Hindi Workshop grievances. Hindi Workshop was organised for the Attention of concerned sections/ divisions Officers and Staff in every quarter to enable concerned is drawn from time to time at the them to carry out their day to day transaction level of Divisional Head to expedite redressal in Hindi. of grievances. Some of the sections like FPD,CPA, FE, NAEB have done commendable Incentive Schemes work in this regard. Incentive schemes were implemented in Implementation of Official the Ministry to encourage and motivate the Language Policy employees to increase the use of Hindi. Introduction Publication of Hindi Magazine “Paryavaran” Sustained efforts were made to ensure proper compliance of the Official Language Publication of Hindi Magazine Policy of the Union as enshrined in the “Paryavaran” Special issues of “Paryavaran” Constitution of India, the Official Languages Magazine on Bio-diversity was brought out. Act, the Official Languages Rules, the Annual Inspections Programme and orders issued from time to time. High Powered Committee of Parliament on Official Language inspected our Attached/ All documents coming under the purview Subordinate Offices and PSU namely ZSI, of Sec. 3(3) of the O.L. Act were issued in Solan, ZSI, Pune, A & N I FDCO, Port Blair Hindi and English bilingual form. The letters and WLCCB, New Delhi. In addition to these received in Hindi and representations/appeals inspections, eleven Attached/Subordinate Offices signed in Hindi were replied to in Hindi were also inspected by Joint Secretary/Director ensuring 100% compliance of Rule 5 and (OL) to review the position of implementing Rule 7 (2) of the O.L. Rules. Official Language Policy of the Union.

323 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Hindi Fortnight executed by CPWD. The management of Hindi Fortnight was organised from 06th budget also rests with CCU. to 20th September, 2011 during which various Some of the important works in progress Hindi competitions aimed at increasing during the year 2011-2012 are: progressive use of Official Language Hindi – Construction of museum and auditorium were organised. Employees of the Ministry, blocks for Rajiv Gandhi Regional Museum NAEB, NRCD and CCU participated in these of Natural History at Sawai Madhopur. competitions. The sanctioned cost of the project is Rs. Civil Construction Unit (CCU) 4100 lakhs. The Civil Construction Unit (CCU) was – Construction of buildings for girls hostel, established in March 1987 for execution of stores, car garages, car-cum-bus garages civil works in the Ministry. This unit undertakes and reception centre for Govind Ballabh construction works for all the attached and Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment subordinate offices of the Ministry such as & Development at Kosi Katarmal, Almora. BSI, ZSI, FSI, NMNH, IGNFA and autonomous The work is complete. The sanctioned bodies like IIFM, IPIRTI, WII, ICFRE and cost of the project is Rs. 240 lakh. GBPIHED. The CCU has constructed a number – Development of botanic garden of Indian of office buildings, laboratories, museums and Republic at Noida. Sub Head: Entrance residential accommodation at various places gate, security hut and parking. The such as Almora, Dehradun, Bhopal, Delhi, sanctioned cost of the project is Rs. Bangalore, Jabalpur, Coimbatore, Hyderabad 153.05 lakh. and Kozhikode. – Development of botanic garden of Indian There are three divisions looking after Republic at Noida. Sub Head: construction activities throughout India. Two Development of water bodies. The divisions are located at Delhi for works in sanctioned cost of the project is Rs. Northern Region and the third division is 297.63 lakh. located at Bengaluru for works in Southern – Upgradation, improvement, and Region. maintenance of National Zoological Park, New Delhi. Civil works of the Ministry are executed by CPWD where CCU does not have its own – Construction of Indira Paryavaran Bhawan unit. CCU provides necessary inputs for at Aliganj, New Delhi. The sanctioned planning and coordinates works being cost of the project is Rs. 131.68 crores.

324 CHAPTER-16 PLAN COORDINATION AND BUDGET Ministry of Environment & Forests

Introduction amounted to Rs. 1349.73 crores. The Annual th The Plan Coordination Division is Plan 2008-09, second year of the 11 Plan responsible for the coordination of all plan had an approved outlay of Rs. 1500.00 schemes and programmes of the Ministry in crores against which the actual utilization close association with the Planning amounted to Rs. 1483.02 crores. The Annual th Plan had Commission. This involves preparation, Plan 2009-10, third year of the 11 an approved outlay of Rs. 1880.00 crores, monitoring and review of Five Year Plans, which had been reduced to Rs. 1650.00 Annual Plans and the Annual Action Plans of crores in RE stage, against which the actual the Ministry. The Division also looks after the utilization amounted to Rs. 1630.69 crores. monitoring of progress reports and reports The Annual Plan 2010-11, fourth year of 11th under the 20-Point Programme (Point XV item Plan had an approved outlay of Rs 2200.00 No. 52 & 53). crore, against which the actual expenditure th XI Five Year Plan (2007-2012) amounted to Rs. 2180.36 crore. Current Ministry of Environment & Forests has an financial year 2011-12, terminal year of 11th approved outlay of Rs. 10000.00 crore for Five Year Plan, the Ministry has been allocated its 11th Five Year Plan, 2007-12. It was an outlay of Rs.2300.00 crore, which was allocated an outlay of Rs. 1351.00 crore in reduced to Rs.1902.00 crore at RE stage. 2007-08, against which the actual utilization Sector wise details are given in Table-53.

Table-53. XIth Plan Outlays / Expenditure (Rs. crores) Sl. Sector XI Plan 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 No Outlay Outlay Exp. Outlay Exp. Outlay Exp. Outlay Exp Outlay Likely Exp.* 1 Environment 1246.01 259.16 224.22 261.38 240.42 291.42 253.03 480.17 465.63 621.21 504.94 2 National River 2540.00 340.00 320.94 340.00 326.12 577.33 426.69 751.71 754..95 751.71 468.32 Conservation Directorate 3 Forestry & 2943.99 371.61 361.73 475.00 520.87 599.63 572.00 592.12 582.77 573.08 566.74 Wildlife 4 National 3150.00 359.23 422.05 398.62 370.71 386.62 354.97 352.00 353.17 330.00 340.00 Afforestation and Eco- development Board 5 Animal 120.00 21.00 20.79 25.00 24.90 25.00 24.00 24.00 23.84 24.00 24.00 Welfare Total 10000.00 1351.00 1349.73 1500.00 1483.02 1880.00 1630.69 2200.00 2180.36 2300.00 1902.00 * RE are likely to be utilized fully.

326 Annual Report 2011-2012

The progress of plan schemes are Annual Plan 2012-13 reviewed regularly in the Ministry and An outlay of Rs 2430.00 crores has necessary corrective action is taken to ensure been allocated for the Annual Plan 2012-13 proper and meaningful deployment of resources of the Ministry. The approved outlay comprises with a view to build up the capacities of the of Rs.1352.22 crores in Environment and State Governments in Forestry and Ecology Sector and Rs.1077.78 crores in the Environment Sector, for the programmatic Forestry and Wildlife Sector. The sectoral variegated Centrally Sponsored and Central details of approved outlay are given in Table- Sector Schemes. 54.

Table-54. Annual Plan 2012-13: Approved Outlay (Rs. crores) Sector Outlay 2012-13 1. Environment 592.92 16 2. National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) 759.30 3. Forests & Wildlife 606.09 4. National Afforestation and Eco-development Board (NAEB) 446.49 5. Animal Welfare 25.20 Total (1-5) 2430.00

327 Ministry of Environment & Forests Annual Report 2011-2012

328 329 Ministry of Environment & Forests Annual Report 2011-2012

330 331 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-II A

Regional Offices of the Ministry

S. Regional Office Phone and Jurisdiction of the No. Fax Number Regional Offices

1. Shri K.S Reddy, IFS Ph. No. 080-25635901 Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 080-25537184 Karnataka, Kerala, Conservator of Forest (Central), Tamil Nadu, Puducherry Ministry of Environment and Forests, and Lakshadweep Regional Office (SZ), Kendriya Sadan, IVth Floor, E&F Wings, 17th Main Road, Koramangala II Block, Bangalore-560034 (Karnataka) Email: [email protected]

2. Shri J.K. Tewari, IFS Ph. No. 0674-2301213 Odisha, Andaman & Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0674-2302432 Nicobar, Island, Bihar, Conservator of Forest (Central), Jharkhand and Ministry of Environment and Forests, West Bengal Regional Office (EZ), A/3, Chandersekharpur, Bhubaneshwar-751023 Email: [email protected]

3. Shri J.K. Tewari, IFS Ph. No. 0755-2466525 Madhya Pradesh, (Additional charge) Fax No. 0755-2463102 Chhattisgarh, Additional Principal Chief Maharashtra, Gujarat, Conservator of Forest (Central), Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Daman & Diu Regional Office (WZ), E-5, Kendriya Paryavaran Bhawan, Arera Colony, Link Road-3, Ravishankar Nagar, Bhopal-462016 Email: [email protected]

4. Shri B.N. Jha, IFS Ph. No. 0364-2537609 Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0364-2536041 Manipur, Meghalaya, Conservator of Forest (Central), Tripura, Nagaland, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Mizoram and Sikkim Regional Office (NEZ), Law-U-Sib, Lumbatngen, Near MTC Workshop, Shillong 793021 Email: [email protected]

332 Annual Report 2011-2012

S. Regional Office Phone and Jurisdiction of the No. Fax Number Regional Offices

5. Shri Azam Zaidi, IFS Ph. No. 0522-2326696 Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand Additional Principal Chief Fax No.0522-2324340 and Rajasthan Conservator of Forest (Central), Ministry of Environment and Forests, Regional Office (CZ), Kendriya Bhawan, 5th Floor, Sector "H", Aliganj, Lucknow-226020 http://moefrolko.org Email: [email protected]

6. Shri S.K. Sehrawat, IFS, Ph No. 0172-2638135 Haryana, Himachal I/c Additional Principal Chief Fax No. 0172-2638061 Pradesh, Punjab, J&K, Conservator of Forest (Central), Chandigarh and Delhi Ministry of Environment and Forests, Regional Office (NZ), Bays No. 24-25, Sector 31 A, Dakshin Marg, Chandigarh-160030 http://nromoef.gov.in Email: [email protected]

333 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-II B

Regional Centres of National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board

S. Name & Address of Regional Centre State/UTs covered as per MOU No.

1. Regional Centre for NAEB Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Agriculture Finance Corporation Ltd. Uttarakhand and UT of Delhi B-1/9, Community Centre, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058

2. Regional Centre for NAEB Maharashtra, Gujarat, Goa and Agriculture Finance Corporation Ltd. UTs of Daman & Diu, Dadar & Dhanraj Mahal, Ist Floor, CSM Marg, Nagar Haveli Mumbai-400001

3. Regional Centre for NAEB Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, North Eastern Hill University, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland Shillong - 793 014 and Tripura

4. Regional Centre for NAEB Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, University of Agricultural Sciences, Tamil Nadu and UTs of Puducherry GKVK Campus, Bengaluru-560065 and Lakshadweep

5. Regional Centre for NAEB Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Indian Institute of Forest Management, Orissa Nehru Nagar, Post Box no. 357, Bhopal-462003

6. Regional Centre for NAEB Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Kashmir, Punjab and UT of Chandigarh Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230

7. Regional Centre for NAEB Bihar, Jharkhand, Sikkim, West Bengal Jadavpur University, and UT of Andaman & Nicobar Islands Kolkata-700032

334 Annual Report 2011-2012

Annexure-II C Centres of Excellence / Autonomous / Associated Agencies etc. of Ministry of Environment and Forests

Sl.No. Centres of Excellence Contact Details

1. Centre for Environment Education (CEE), Tel : 079-26858002-05, 26844745 Nehru Foundation for Development, Thaltej Fax : 91-079-26858010 Tekra, Ahmedabad – 380 054 email: [email protected]

2. C.P.R Environmental Education Centre Tel : 044-24346526, 24338470 (CPREEC),1 A, Eldams Road, Fax : 91-44-24320756 Chennai – 600 018, Tamil Nadu email: [email protected]

3. Centre for Ecological Sciences (CES), Tel:080-23600985 Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Fax:080-23601428 Bengaluru – 560 012, Karnataka email: [email protected]

4. Centre for Mining Environment (CME), Indian Tel : 0326-2296624, 2202486 School of Mines, Fax : 0326-2296563, 2296624 Dhanbad – 826 004, Jharkhand email:[email protected]

5. Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural Tel: 0422-2657101-105, 2657086 History (SACON), Anaikatty, Coimbatore – Fax : 0422 2657088 641 108 email:[email protected]

6. Centre for Environmental Management of Telefax: 011-27666237, 27667125 Degraded Ecosystems (CEMDE), email : [email protected] School of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi – 110 007

7. Madras School of Economics (MSE), Telefax: 044-22300304, 22354847 Gandhi Mandampam Road, Kottur, Fax. : 044-22352155 Chennai – 600 025, Tamil Nadu email: [email protected], [email protected]

8. Foundation for Revitalization of Tel.: 080-28568007, 28568000 Extn 205, Local Health Traditions (FRLHT), Fax.: 080-28567926 74/2, Jarakbande Kaval, Yelahanka, email : [email protected] Attur P.O., Bengaluru – 560106

9. Jawaharlal Nahru Tropical Botanic Garden Tel : 0472 - 2869246 and Research Institute (JNTBGRI), Fax : 0472-2869646 Pacha Palode, Thiruvananthapuram – email: [email protected] 695562, Kerala

10. Centre for Animals and Environment, Tel.: 080-25530121, 25530304 CARTMAN, Koramangala, 6th Block, email: [email protected] Bengaluru – 560 095, Karnataka

Autonomous Agencies a) Environment Wing

1 Central Pollution Control Board, Tel : (011) 22308902, 22301932 Parivesh Bhawan CBD-cum-Office Complex, Fax: (011) 22307233, 22304948 East Arjun Nagar, Delhi - 110 032 email: [email protected]

335 Ministry of Environment & Forests

2 Gobind Ballabh Pant Institute of Himalayan Tel : 05962-241015 Environment and Development, Kosi - Fax : 05962-241014 Katarmal,Almora - 263 643, Uttarakhand email: [email protected]

b) Forest Wing

1 Indian Institute of Forest Tel : (0755) 2775716, 2773799 Management, P.B. No. 357, Fax: (0755)2772878, 2775988 Nehru Nagar, Bhopal - 462 003 email:[email protected]

2 Indian Plywood Industries Tel : (080) 8394231, 8394232/33 Research and Training Institute, Fax : 91-80-8396361 P.B. No. 2273, Tumkur Road, email: [email protected] Bengaluru - 560 022

3 Indian Council of Forestry Tel : (0135) 2758614 Research and Education Fax: (0135) 2755353 P.O. New Forests email: [email protected] Dehradun - 248 006

Research Institutes

1 Forest Research Institute Tel : (0135) 2755277 P.O. New Forests, Fax: (0135) 2756865 Dehradun - 248 006 email : [email protected]

2 Institute of Forest Genetics Tel : (0422) 2484100, 2484101 and Tree Breeding, Fax : (0422) 2430549 Forest College Campus email: [email protected] P.B. No.1061, R.S. Puram P.O. Coimbatore - 641 002

3 Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Tel : (080) 22190102, 22190100 18th Cross, Malleswaram, Fax : (080) 23340529 Bengaluru - 560 003 email:[email protected]

4 Arid Forest Research Institute, P.O. Krishi Tel: (0291) 2722549 Upaj Mandi, Basni, New Pali Road, Fax: (0291)2722764 Jodhpur – 342 005, Rajasthan email: [email protected]

5 Tropical Forest Research Institute Tel : (0761) 2840482 P.O. RFRC, Mandla Road, Fax: (0761) 2840484 Jabalpur - 482 021 Rajasthan email: [email protected]

6 Rain Forest Research Institute Tel : (0376) 2350273/74 ‘Deovan’ P.B. No. 136, A.T. Road (East) Fax: (0376) 2350274 Jorhat - 785 001, Assam email : [email protected]

7 Himalayan Forests Research Institute Tel : (0177) 2626778 Conifer Campus, Panthaghati, Fax: (0177) 2626779 Shimla - 171 009, email : [email protected] Himachal Pradesh

8 Institute of Forest Productivity Tel : (0651) 2948505, 2948515 Ranchi - 834 001, Jharkhand email : [email protected]

336 Annual Report 2011-2012

Centres

1 Centre for Social Forestry & Tel : (0532) 2440795 Eco-rehabilitation email : [email protected] Allahabad - 211 002, Uttar Pradesh

2 Centre for Forestry Research & Human Tel: (07162) 282444 Resource Development, Nagpur Road, Fax: (07162) 254473 Chhindwara-480001 email: [email protected]

3 Forest Research Centre Tel: 040-23194188 Dulapally, Kakimpet (P.O.), Fax: 040-23095926 Hyderabad-500014 email: [email protected]

4 Advanced Centre for Bamboo and Rattan Tel: 0389-2301159, 2301157 Aizawl, Mizoram email : [email protected]

c) Wildlife Wing

1 Wildlife Institute of India, Tel: 0135-2640111-15 P.B. No. 18, Chandrabani, Fax: 0135-2640117 Dehradun - 248 001, Uttarakhand email : [email protected]

2 Central Zoo Authority Tel : 011-23381585 Bikaner House, Annexe VI Fax : 011-23386012 Shahjahan Road , New Delhi - 110011 email : [email protected]

Subordinate Offices a) Environment Wing

1 Botanical Survey of India Tel : 033-23346040/4963 CGO Complex, 3rd MSO Building, Fax : 033-23215631, 23346040 Block F, (5th & 6th floor) Sector 1, Salt Lake City, Kolkata – 700 064

2 Zoological Survey of India Tel : (033) 24986820 Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M-Block, Fax : (033) 24006893 New Alipur, Kolkata - 700 053 email: [email protected]

3 National Museum of Natural History, Tel : (011) 23314849 FICCI Building, Barakhamba Road, Fax : (011) 23314932 New Delhi - 110 001 URL: www.nmnh.org

Regional Centres of ZSI

1 Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0364-2223638 North Eastern Regional Centre Fax: 0364- 2226495 Fruit Garden, Risa Colony, Shillong - 793003, Email: [email protected] Meghalaya

2. Zoological Survey of India, Tel: 020-27655213/27651927 Western Regional Centre, Fax: 020- 27652564 Vidyanagar, Sector-29, Email: [email protected] PCNT Post, Rawet Road, Akurdi, Pune-411 044. Maharashtra.

337 Ministry of Environment & Forests

3. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0135-2756349, 2754939, Northern Regional Centre 2755279 218, Kaulagarh Road, Dehradun - 248195, Telefax: 0135 2758362 Uttarakhand Email: [email protected]

4. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0761-2641792/2641421 Central Zone Regional Centre Fax: 0761- 2641421 168-169, Vijay Nagar Jabalpur, 482 002 Email: [email protected] Madhya Pradesh

5. The Officer-in-Charge Tel: 0291 - 2728551, 2726213 Zoological Survey of India Email: [email protected] Desert Regional Centre Jhalamand, Pali Road, Jodhpur - 342005

6. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 044-24642898, 24643255, Southern Regional Centre 24643378 130 Santhome High Road, Chennai 600 028, Email: [email protected]

7. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0360 - 2203652, 2203689 Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre Email: [email protected] Senki Valley, Itanagar - 791113, Arunachal Pradesh

8. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0612 - 2670686, 2664049 Gangetic Plains Regional Centre Email: [email protected] 11 - D, Rajendra Nagar, Patna - 800016, Bihar

9. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 03220-266310,266311, 266312 Marine Aquarium & Research Center, Fax: 03220-266310 Foreshore Road, Digha- 721428 Email: [email protected] East Midnapore, West Bengal.

10. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 01792-221060, 225721, 220413, High Altitude Regional Centre 224483 Saproon, Solan - 173211, Himachal Pradesh Fax - 01792-221060, Email: [email protected]

11. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 044 - 24642680/24643191 Marine Biology Regional Centre Fax: 044 - 24642680 130, Santhome High Road, Email: [email protected] Chennai - 600 028.

12. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 03192 - 230115/237582/ 11, Horticulture Road, Haddo, 233148 Port Blair - 744 102 Fax: 03192 - 230115 Andaman & Nicobar Islands Email: [email protected]

338 Annual Report 2011-2012

13. Freshwater Biology Regional Centre Tel: 040-2400 2251, 2400 2250 Zoological Survey of India Email: [email protected] Plot No 366/1, Attapur (V), Near O/o DFO Flying Squad, Hyderguda (P.O.) Ring Road, Hyderabad - 500 048, Andhra Pradesh.

14. Sunderbans Regional Centre Tel: 03218-255211, 256721 Zoological Survey of India, Canning- 743 329, 24 Pargana(s) West Bengal

15. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0680-2243995, 2243996 Estuarine Biology Regional Centre Fax: 0680- 2243996 Hilltop, Gopalpur-on-Sea, Ganjam District, Email: [email protected] Odisha -761002

16. Zoological Survey of India Tel: 0495-2771929, 2771324 Jafer Khan Colony, Eranhipalam (P.O), Fax: 0495-2771929 Kozhikode (Calicut) -673 006 Email: [email protected]

Regional Centres of BSI

1. Botanical Survey of India, Phone: (0532) 2441192. Central Regional Centre, 10 Chatham Lines, Fax No.: (0532) 2250179 2 Allahabad - 211 002, Uttar Pradesh

2. Botanical Survey of India, Fax: (0135) 2757951, Northern Regional Centre, Phone: (0135) 2753433, 2755478; 192, Kaulagarh Road, E-mail: [email protected] Dehradun–248195, Uttarakhand.

3. Botanical Survey of India, Fax: (0291) 2741736, Arid Zone Regional Centre, Phone: (0291) 2740415, 2747163. Near Khema Ka Kuan, E-mail: [email protected] Pal-Basni Canal Link Road, P.O. Nandan Van, Jodhpur- 342 008, Rajasthan.

4. Botanical Survey of India, Tel/Fax: (020) 2612 4139 Western Regional Centre Phone: (020) 26122125, 26139512 7,Koregaon Road,Pune-411 001 E-mail: [email protected]

5. Botanical Survey of India, Phone:(0422)2432123, 2432788, 2432487 Southern Regional Centre, Fax:(0422) 2432835 T.N.A.U. Campus, Lawley Road, E-mail: [email protected]. in Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu.

6. Botanical Survey of India, Fax: (0364) 2224119 Eastern Regional Centre, Phone: (0364) 2223971 Woodlands, Laitumkhrah, E-mail: [email protected], Shillong - 793 003, Meghalaya. [email protected]

339 Ministry of Environment & Forests

7. Botanical Survey of India, Phone: 2212405 Arunachal Field Station, Fax: (0360) 2211713 Post Box No. 127, Sankie View, E-mail: [email protected], Itanagar - 791111, Arunachal Pradesh. [email protected]

8. Botanical Survey of India, Phone: (03192) 233224 Andaman & Nicobar Regional Centre. Fax: (03192) 230120 P.O. No.: 692, Haddo, Port Blair - 744102 E-mail: [email protected]

9. Botanical Survey of India, Phone: (03592) 202789 Sikkim Himalayan Regional Centre Fax: (03592) 204717, Below Rajbhawan Campus,P.O. - Rajbhawan, E-mail: [email protected], Gangtok – 737103, Sikkim. [email protected]

10. Botanical Survey of India, Tel:(040)-2002 0666 Deccan Regional Centre, Fax: (040) - 2400 2287, In Zoological Survay of India Campus, Email : [email protected] Plot No. 366/1, Attapur (v), Hyderguda (P.O.), Inner ring road, Hyderabad - 500 048, Andhra Pradesh.

b) Forest Wing

1. Forest Survey of India, Telefax:(0135) 2756139, 2755037 Kaulagarh Road, P.O. IPE, email: [email protected] Dehradun-248195, Uttarakhand URL: www.fsi.nic.in

2. Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy Tel : (0135)2757316 P.O. New Forest, Fax: (0135) 2757314 Dehradun - 248 006, Uttarakhand email: [email protected]

3. Directorate of Forest Education Tel: 0135-2757326 P.O. New Forest, Dehradun - 248 006, Fax : 0135-2750125 Uttarakhand

Regional Offices of Forest Survey of India

1. Regional Director (Central Zone) Tel : 0172-2510194 Forest Survey of India, Central Zone email: [email protected] C.G.O. Complex, Block ‘A’, Ground floor, East Wing, Seminary Hills, Nagpur-440006

2. Regional Director (Eastern Zone) Telfax : 033-23355904 Forest Survey of India, 1B-198, email: [email protected] Sec. 3, Salt Lake City, Kolkata – 700106

3. Regional Director (Southern Zone) Tel : 080-25520136 Forest Survey of India, 8th Floor, B-Wing, Fax : 080-25520136 Kendriya Sadan, Koramangala, email: [email protected] Bengaluru - 560034

340 Annual Report 2011-2012

4. Regional Director (North Zone) Tel : 0177-2658285 Forest Survey of India, North Zone, Fax : 0177-2655572, 2657517 1st Floor, Himlok Parisar, “Shivalik Khand”, Batsley Longwood, Shimla - 171001, Himachal Pradesh

c) Wildlife Wing

1. Director, Tel : (011) 24359825, 24358500 National Zoological Park, Fax : (011) 24352408 Mathura Road, New Delhi - 110 003

Regional Offices

1. Regional Dy. Director(SR) Tel : 044-24916747 Wildlife Crime Control Bureau Fax: 044-24463477 C2A,Rajaji Bhavan,Besant Nagar, email: [email protected] Chennai-600 090.

2. Regional Dy. Director(ER) Telefax:033-22878698 Wildlife Crime Control Bureau email: [email protected] Nizam Palace, 2nd MSO Building, 6th Floor, A.J.C Bose Road, Kolkata-700020.

3. Regional Dy. Director(WR) Telefax:022-26828184 Wildlife Crime Control Bureau email: [email protected] 11, Air Cargo Complex, Sahar, Mumbai-400099.

4. Regional Dy. Director(CR) Telefax:0761-2840689 Wildlife Crime Control Bureau email: [email protected] R.F.R.C, Mandla Road, T.F.R.I. Campus, Jabalpur-482021.

5. Regional Dy. Director(NR) Telefax:011-23384556 Wildlife Crime Control Bureau email: [email protected] Bikaner House, Shahjahan Road, New Delhi-110 011.

Public Sector Undertaking

1. Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forests and Tel: 03192-232869 Plantation Development Corporation Ltd. Fax: 03192-233254 Van Vikas Bhawan, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands.

341 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-III

List of Projects Sanctioned during 2011-12

Environment Research Programme (ERP)

Sl. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & No. Institute

1. Evaluation of effects of environment Dr. Dinesh Kumar Department of Anatomy pollutants in the pathogenesis of various Maulana Azad Medical College, New cardio respiratory diseases in traffic Delhi-110002. police personals.

2. Microbial detoxification of toxic variety Dr. D. Somashekar, Fermentation Technology & of Jatropa curcas seed cake for meal Bioengineering Department, Central feed. Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore-570013.

3. Development of Titania based Materials Dr. R. Sakthivel, Materials Characterization for water disinfection. Department, Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, (Formerly Regional Research Laboratory) CSIR, Bhubaneswar-751 013, Orissa.

4. Phytoextraction and Phytostabilization Dr. (Mrs.) Chitra Pande, Department of Chemistry, of heavy metal contaminated soils using Kumaun University, Nainital-263001, Foeniculum and Coriandrum species". Uttaranchal.

5. Monitoring of bidi workers occupationally Dr. K. Rudrama Devi, Professor and Head, exposed to tobacco dust. Department of Zoology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad- 500007

6. Recovery of value added products of Dr. C. Rose, Central Leather Research, Institute, medical importance from the solid wastes Chennai of meat industry.

7. Screening of Citrullus lanatus proteome Mrs. Savita Yadav, Department of Biophysics, to isolate and purify anti-fungal protins: a All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari step towards formulation of Bio-fungicides Nagar, New Delhi-110029 to aid reduction of environment pollution.

8. Nanopesticide formulation, Dr. N. Chandrasekaran, School of Bioscience characterization and chemo dynamics and Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632014, in rice model ecosystem. Tamil Nadu

9. High Performance compatibilized Dr. R.R.N.Sailaja Bhattacharya, Fellow, The composites from recycled commingled Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), 4th main, plastic waste reinforced with halogen 2nd cross, Domlur, Umroi Road, Meghalaya- free nanosized flame retardants. 793103

342 Annual Report 2011-2012

10. Assessment of habitat specific Dr. Dwipendra Thakuria, School of Natural environmental mycobacterial pollution Resources Management, College of Postgraduate in North East India. Studies, Central Agricultural University, Umiam, Umroi Road, Meghalaya-793103

11. Effective utilization of winery and Dr. Mukund Vinayak Deshpande, National vineyard waste: An eco-friendly Chemical Laboratory, Homi Bhabha Road, Pune- approach for value addition in wine 411008 industry.

Ecosystem Research Scheme (ERS)

Sl. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & No. Institute

1. Taxonomy and Ecology of the Himalayan Dr. L.B. Chaudhary, Genus Oxytropis DC (Leguminioseae) in NBRI, Lucknow India

2 Habitat Ecology and Species Diversity of Dr. Chandra Singh Negi Cordyceps in district Pithoragarh, Central Asstt, Professor, Department of Zoology, LSM Himalayas Government Post Graduate College, Pithoragarh (Uttarakhand), Pithoragarh-262502

3 Studies on Ecology and Diversity of Dr. A.A. Shah Nematodes of Pir Panjal Range in Jammu CBS School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, & Kashmir Baba Gulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu & Kashmir

4 Studies on Abundance, Diversity and Dr. M. Naseer Eco-biology of Parasitic Hymenoptera of Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Rice ecosystems in Kerala. Calicut-673635, Kerala

5 Ecosystem components, functioning and Dr. D. Kanan management of selected ponds of Department of Botany, Thigarajar College, , Tamil Nadu with -625009, Tamil Nadu varying utilization and conservation

Eastern and Western Ghats Research Programme (E&WGRP)

Sl. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & No. Institute

1. Inventory of Vegetation with special Dr. V.S. Ramachandran, reference to medicinal and aromatic Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, , PO plants and documentation of traditional Coimbatore-641 105 knowledge in the Walyar Valley, Western Ghats

343 Ministry of Environment & Forests

2. Butterfly diversity in relation to landscape Dr. K.R. Sasidharan changes in the Walayar valley at Institute of Forest Genetics & Tree Breeding, Gap in the Western ghats Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu

3. Diversity of Acridoidea (Orthopetra) in Dr. Mohd. Kamil Usmani different parts of Western Ghats of India Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh

4. Ecological investigation of woody Dr. P. Balasubramanian vegetation and Nest Tree use by birds Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural in the riverine forest of Athikkadavu History (SACON), Anaikatty PO, Coimbatore, Valley Tamil Nadu

National Wetland Conservation Programme (NWCP)

S. Title of Project Name of P.I Duration Amount sanctioned No. and released (1st installment)

1 Ecological studies on the Ranjit Dr Onkar Singh 3 years Rs 22.40 lakhs Sagar wetland and special Brraich, Lecturer, Released Rs 10.40 reference to fish community Deptt of Zoology, lakhs as first structure Punjabi University, year's grant Patiala

2 Ecological Status Survey of the SACON, 6 months Rs 3.35 lakhs Wetlands of Srikakulam District Coimbatore of Andhra Pradesh

National Lake Conservation Plan (as on 31st December, 2011)

S. Lake State Sanctioned cost No. (in $ crore)

1. Three lakes of Bangalore namely Vengaiahkere, Nagavara and Jarganahalli Karnataka 11.48 2. Bellandur lake, Bangalore -do- 5.54 3. Kotekere lake, -do- 5.64 4. Bhishma lake, Gadag -do- 2.50 5. , Bangalore -do- 1.66 6. Channapatna lake, Hasan -do- 4.97 7. Sharanbhasveshwara lake, Gulbarga -do- 4.89 8. Akkamahadevi lake, Haveri -do- 2.64 9. Kundawada lake, Davangere -do- 3.41 10. Kote Tavarekere lake, Chikmagalur -do- 3.64 11. Tripuranthkeshwar lake, Bidar -do- 4.67 12. Gowramma & Hambalmba -do- 4.77 13. Amanikere -do- 13.37 14. Banjara lake, Hyderabad Andhra Pradesh 4.30

344 Annual Report 2011-2012

15. Powai lake, Mumbai Maharashtra 6.62 16. Nine lakes in Thane -do- 2.53 17. Mahalaxmi lake, Vadagaon -do- 1.85 18. Rankala lake, Kolhapur -do- 8.65 19. Varhala Devi lake, Bhiwandi -do- 4.60 20. Sidheshwar -do- 4.32 21. Mansagar lake, Jaipur Rajasthan 24.72 22. Anasagar lake, Ajmer -do- 15.28 23. Pushkar -do- 48.37 24. Fatehsagar -do- 41.86 25. Pichola Lake, System, Udaipur Rajasthan 84.75 26. Tamilnadu 1.75 27. , Dindigul -do- 10.42 28. 3 lakes of Agartala Tripura 2.02 29. 4 lakes in Nainital Uttranchal 16.85 30. Nainital lake, Nainital -do- 47.97 31. Rabindra Sarovar West Bengal 6.96 32. Mirik lake, Darjeeling -do- 4.01 33. Adi Ganga -do- 24.94 34. Dal lake, Sri Nagar J&K 298.76 35. Veli Akkulum lake, Thiruvananthpuram Kerala 24.56 36. Bindu Sagar lake, Bhubaneshwar Orissa 3.50 37. Rani talab, Rewa Madhya Pradesh 3.31 38. Sagar lake, Sagar -do- 21.33 39. Shivpuri Lakes (Jadav Sagar, Chandpatha), Shivpuri -do- 51.99 40. Mansi Ganga lake, Govardhan, Mathura Uttar Pradesh 22.71 41. Twin Lakes in Mokokchung Nagaland 25.83 42. Ramgarh Tal Uttar Pradesh 124.32 43. Nakki Lake Rajasthan 7.33 44. Sahib Bandh Lake West Bengal 12.57 Total 1028.16

345 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-IV

List of Projects completed during 2011-12

Environment Research Programme (ERP)

Sl. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & No. Institute

1. A Sequential biological treatment to handle Dr. Saswati Chakraborty, Department of Civil complex waste waters containing phenol, Engineering, IIT Guwahati. thiocyanate and ammonia-nitrogen.

2. Development of Bipolar Membrane Dr. Vinod K. Shahi, Central Salt & Marine Technology for water purification and salt Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar- recovery as their corresponding acid and 364002, Gujarat. base from industrial effluent.

3. Development of Luminescence-based Dr. Arif Ali, Department of Biosciences Faculty Biosensors for Detection of Mercury Ions of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, in Water Bodies. Maulana Mohammed Ali Jauhar Marg, New Delhi-110025, Delhi.

4. Development of a reporter strain to monitor Dr. T.K.Datta, Department of Microbiology, Bose toxic and or Carcinogenic polycyclic Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkatta- aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the 700054, West Bengal. environment.

5. Pesticide degradation using cultural and Dr. Anjana Srivastava, Department of Chemistry, biological tools to minimize ground water College of Basic Science & Humanaties, G.B. pollution. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar -263145, Uttarakhand.

6. Assessment of environmental quality with Dr. P S Khillare, School of Environmental Sciences, respect of chemical and radiological Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067. contamination in the vicinity of thermal power plants in Delhi.

7. Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic Dr. Sunita Suneja, Department of Microbiology, hydrocarbons (Pyrene). CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar- 125004, Haryana.

8. Controlled catalytic systems: A Viable Dr. Subratnath Koner, Department of Chemistry, option for development of cleaner chemical Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, West process. Bengal.

9. Removal of multimetal pollution from Dr. V.Alexander, Department of Chemistry, Loyola industrial waste streams and natural aquifer College, Chennai-600034, Tamil Nadu. system by macrocycle functionalized dendrimers n the presence of organophilic coligands.

346 Annual Report 2011-2012

10. Noble metal capped semiconductor Dr. T. Shivakumar, Department of Chemical nanoparticles in the photocatalytic Engineering, Anna University, Chennai-600025, treatment of textile waste water. Tamil Nadu.

11. Studies on synthesis of valuable chemicals Dr. S.Muthusamy, School of Chemistry, via an environment friendly route using Bharathidasan University, - ionic liquids and enzymes. 620024, Tamil Nadu.

12. Impact assessment of environmental Prof. Tapan Kumar Ghosh, Department of Animal hazards caused by slaughterhouse wastes Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal & and control of pollution by recycling the Fishery Sciences, 37, Kshudiram Bose Sarani, wastes as animal feed. Kolkata - 700037, West Bengal.

13. Isolation and characterization of Dr. Rup Lal, Department of Zoology, Delhi Actinomycetes and analysis of their University, Delhi-110007, Delhi. antibacterial potential.

14. Effect of coastal water quality on the Dr. G. Subramanian, Scientist corrosion and bio fouling characteristics Central Electrochemical Research Institute of marine engineering alloys. Karaikudi-630006, Tamil Nadu.

15. Destruction of volatile organic compounds Dr. K.M.Parida, Institute of Minerals & Materials (vocs) over perovskite-type compounds: Technology, Bhubaneshwar -751013, Odisha. Development of a catalytic oxidation device.

16. Effects of 03 on selected crop plants Dr. S.B.Agarwal, Department of Botany, Banaras under ambient and elevated condition Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, U.P. using ethylene diurea (EDU).

17. Isolation and identification of microbes Dr. S.B.Gupta, Department of Microbiology, for composting of degradable plastic Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidalaya, Raipur - waste. 492006, Chhattisgarh.

Eastern and Western Ghats Research Programme (E&WGRP)

Sl. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & No. Institute

1. Ecology of Plant Galls in the Shola Forests Dr. S. Amerjothy, Deptt. of Plant Biology and of Eastern and Western Ghats of Tamil Plant Biotechnology, Presidency College, Nadu Chennai- 600 005

National Natural Resource Management System (NNRMS) Programme

Sl. Title of the Project Name of Principal Investigator (PI) & No. Institute

1. National Wetland Inventory & Assessment Dr. (Mrs.) Sushma Panigrahy, Space Application Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Ahmedabad-380015.

347 Ministry of Environment & Forests

2. Assessment and Evaluation of Seagrass Dr. T. Thanngaradjou, Centre of Advanced Resources of India in two Oceanic Island Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, group (Andaman and Nicobar and Parangipettai, TamilNadu-608502. Lakshdweep), through conventional ground surveys and Satellite Remote Sensing

3. To Develop A Protected Area Management Dr. G. Areendran, Director, Indira Gandhi Information Management in Namdapha Conservation Monitoring Center, WWF - India, National park, Mouling National Park, 172-B Lodhi Estate, New Delhi- 110003. Mehao Sanctuary and D'Ering Memorial Wildlife Sanctuary - Arunachal Pradesh using Remote Sensing & GIS Technology

4. Exploration, diversity, and mapping of Dr. Subrat Sharma, Centre for Remote Sensing vegetation in the urban forests of Kumaun and Geo-informatics, G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan towns using Remote Sensing & Himalayan Environment & Development, Kosi- GIS Katarmal, Almora - 263643, Uttarakhand.

Biosphere Reserves

Sl. Title of the Project Name of Organization No.

1. Studies on Floral Diversity of Nokrek Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Biosphere Reserve, Meghalaya. Centre, Woodlands, Laitumkhrah, Shillong, Meghalaya.

2. Integrating Marine Ornamental Fish Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu. conservation and sustainable Development, Captive Breeding, Technology Popularization and Sea Ranching in Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve.

348 Annual Report 2011-2012

Annexure-V

National River Conservation Plan States

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

1. Andhra Pradesh Secretary, Engineer-in Chief, Municipal Administration & Public Health Engg. Department, A.C.Guards, U.D. Development, Hyderabad-500004 Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, Phone: 040-23391208 A.P. Secretariat, Hyderabad-500 022 Fax: 040-23393371 Tel+Fax- 040-23450622 Managing Director, Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply & Sewerage Board, Khairtabad, Hyderabad -500 004 Phone: 040-23442844 Fax: 23442855

2. Bihar Principal Secretary, Managing Director, Deptt. of Urban Development, Bihar Urban Infrastructure Govt. of Bihar, Vikas Bhawan, Dev. Corp. (BUIDCO) Patna-800 015. 303, 3rd Floor, Maurya Tower, Phone: 0612-2223580(O) Maurya Lok Complex, Fax: 2223059 Budh Marg, Patna, Bihar-800 001 Fax- 0612-2210103, 2210100

3. Goa Director/Joint Secretary, Deptt. Of Science, Technology & Environment, Govt of Goa, opp. Saligao Seminary, P.O-Saligao Bardez, Panaji-403 511 Tel./Fax.- 0832-24152201(O)

4. Gujarat Principal Secretary, Municipal Commissioner, U.D. & Urban Housing Department, Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, Sachivalaya, 9th floor, Block no-14 Ahmedabad-380 001. Gandhi Nagar, Gujarat-382 010 Phone: 079- 25352828 Phone : 079-23251001 Fax: 079-25354638 Fax: 079-23251005

349 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

5. Haryana Fin. Commissioner & Pr. Secretary, Engineer-in-Chief Public Health Engineering Deptt, Public Health Engineering Deptt, Govt. of Haryana Civil Sectt., Govt. of Haryana Chandigarh. Bay No. 13-18 Sector-4, Panchkula, Haryana Tel./Fax.- 0172-2704453 (O) Fax: 0172-2561673, 2560270 Tel. 0172-2561672

6. Jharkhand Managing Director, Secretary, Greater Ranchi Development Agency, Deptt. Of Urban Development, 3rd Floor, Pragati Sadan (RRDA Building) Govt. of Jharkhand, Katchery Chowk, Project Building, Dhurwa, 4th floor, Ranchi-834001 Ranchi.-834004 Tel: 0651-2200280/2200599/2200192 Phone: 0651-2403961(O) Fax: 0651-2200212 Fax: 0651-2400966

Director Municipal Administration Govt of Jharkhand 3rd Floor, Project Building Dhurwa, Ranchi-834004 Fax- 0651-2400966/2400961

7. Karnataka For Core Scheme: Principal Secretary (Env) i) Chairman & Managing Director, Govt. of Karnataka Bangalore Water Supply & Bangalore Drainage Board, KHB Complex, Cauvery Bhawan, K.G. Road, Bangalore-560 009. Fax: 080-2217743(O)/6686855 (R) Phone: 080-2217743/2230080

For Non-core Scheme: ii) Member Secretary, Kr S.P.C.B., 6, 7, 8 & 9th floor, Public Utility Building, M.G. Road, Bangalore-560 001 Karnataka.

The Managing Director Karnataka Urban Water Supply & Drainage Board, Jalbhavan 1st stage, 1st phase, BTM Layout, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore-560029 Phone: 080-41106504 Fax: 080-26539206

350 Annual Report 2011-2012

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

8. Kerala Principal Secretary Water Resources (Irrigation) Deptt, Public Officer Building Government of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram- 695033 Tel: 0471-2324394 Fax: 0471-2324394

9. Madhya Pradesh Principal Secretary, i) Member Secretary, Housing and Environment Department, M.P. Pollution Control Board, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh, Paryavaran Parisar, Vallabh Bhawan, E-5, Arera Colony, Bhopal-462 004 Bhopal-462 013 Phone: 564428 Fax: 0755-2463742, 0755-2462136

Chief Secretary, ii) E-N-C, PHED, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh Govt. of M.P. Bhopal Satpura Bhawan Bhopal. Phone: 2561260, 2566990

Principal Secretary, iii) Executive Director, Environment Planning Housing and Environment Deptt. & Coordination Organization (EPCO) Govt. of Madhya Pradesh, Paryavaran Bhawan, Paryavaran Parisar, E-5, Area Colony, E-5, Arera Colony Bhopal-462016 Bhopal-462016 Fax: 0755-2462136 Phone: 0755-466859/2460189/ 2427004 Fax: 0755-2462136

10. Maharastra Principal Secretary, Member Secretary, 15th Floor, New Admn Building, Maharashtra Jeevan Pradhikaran (MJP) Environment Department, 4th floor, Express Tower, Nariman Point, Govt. of Maharashtra, Maharashtra Mantralaya, Madam Cama Road, Phone: 022-22025354(O) Mumbai-400 032 Fax: 022-22029348 Phone: 022-22793132 Fax : 022-22813947

351 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

Municipal Commissioner, Nasik Municipal Corporation Nasik, Maharashtra Phone: 0253-2578206 (O) Fax: 2577936

11. Nagaland Addl. Chief Secretary, Environment Department Govt. of Nagaland, Govt. of Manipur Kohima, Fax: 0370-2290470 Imphal, No. 09862050668

12. NCT of Delhi Chief Secretary Chief Executive Officer, Govt. of NCT of Delhi Delhi Jal Board, Delhi Secretariat Varunalaya Phase-II, IP Estate, Jhandewalan, Delhi-110 005. New Delhi-1100 02 Phone: 23511658 Fax: 23516182

Principal Secretary(UD), Additional Commissioner (Eng. DEMS&IT) Govt. of NCT of Delhi, Municipal Corporation of Delhi, Delhi Secretariat I.P. Estate, New Delhi-110 002 IP Estate, Phone: 23370571,23379983(O) New Delhi.-110 002 Fax: 23370965/23370281 Phone: 23392167 Fax: 23392253

Secretary (Environment), Commissioner, Govt. of NCT of Delhi, Municipal Corporation of Delhi Delhi Secretariat, IP Estate Town Hall Chandni Chowk New Delhi. Delhi-110 006 Fax: 23392034/23392102 Phone: 23961012, 23967315 Fax: 23965016/23392102

Adviser (E&F) Planning Commission, Yojna Bhawan, New Delhi - 110 001. Phone: 23096536, 23096666/2300

Chairman, Central Pollution Control Board, Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar, CBD Shahadra, Delhi - 110 032 Phone: 22304948 (O)

352 Annual Report 2011-2012

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

Member Secretary, Central Pollution Control Borad, Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar, CBD Shahadra, Delhi- 110032 Phone: 22307078(O)

13. Odisha Commissioner cum Secretary, Member Secretary Housing & Urban Development, Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board, Govt. of Orissa, Civil Secretariat, Satya Nagar, Bhubaneshwar. Bhubaneshwar-751 001. Phone: 0674-2571185 (O) Phone: 2536903 Fax: 2394984 Fax: 2571348

14. Punjab Principal Secretary, Managing Director, Department of Local Govt. Punjab Water Supply & Sewerage Board, Govt. of Punjab, Plot I-B, Sector-27A, Madhya Marg Punjab Civil Secretariat, Chandigarh Chandigarh Phone: 0172-2651164(O) Telefax: 0172-2656526 E-mail: [email protected]

15. Rajasthan Secretary, (i) Chief Engineer (SP) Local Self Govt. Deptt., Public Health Engg. Department, Govt. of Rajasthan, Secretariat, Govt. of Rajasthan, Jaipur-5 F-18, New Building, Ist Floor, Fax: 0141-2227744 2, Civil Lines, Jaipur-302006 Fax: 0141-2222585 / 2220553

(ii) Project Director, RUIDP Govt. of Rajasthan, AVS Building, Jawahar Circle, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur-17 Fax: 0141-2721919

16. Sikkim PCE-cum-Secretary, Govt. of Sikkim, Water Security & PHED, Nirman Bhawan, Gangtok-737101 Tele/Fax: 03592-202671

353 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

17. Tamil Nadu Principal Secretary (Env. & Forests), Member Secretary (EMAT), Govt. of Tamil Nadu, G F, Panagal Building, Secretariat, No.1 Jeenis Road, Fort St. George, Chennai-600 009 Saidapet, Chennai-600 015. Phone: 044-25671511 Phone: 044-24336421(O) Fax: 044-25670560 Fax: 044-24336594 ®

Principal Secretary Managing Director, CMWSSB, M.A. & W.S. Department No-1, Pumping Station Road, Chintadripet, Govt. of Tamil Nadu, Chennai-600 002 Secretariat, Fort St. George, Phone: 044-28549000 Chennai-600 009 Fax: 044-28419643 Phone: 044-25670491 Fax: 044-25679866

Managing Director, TWAD Board No. 32, Kamarajar, Chepauk, Chennai-600 005 Phone: 044-25670491(O) Fax: 044-25679866

Commissioner of Municipal Administration, Ezhilagam, Annexe Building, VIth Floor, Chepauk, Chennai -600 005 Phone: 044-28513259 Fax: 044-28518079

18. Uttar Pradesh Principal Secretary, Managing Director, Department of Urban Development, U.P. Jal Nigam, Govt. of U.P., Bapu Bhawan, 6, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow (UP) Secretariat, Lucknow - 226 001 Phone: 0522-2626497 Phone: 0522-2237314(O) Fax: 0522-2622389, 2626360 Fax: 0522-2235241

Chief Secretary, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Bhawan, Lucknow, UP

354 Annual Report 2011-2012

Nodal Department Nodal Implementing Agency

19. Uttarakhand Principal Secretary, (Peyjal) Managing Director Govt. of Uttarakhand, Dehradun Uttaranchal Peyjal Sansadhan Vikas Secretariat, 4 Subhash Road, Evam Nirman Nigam, Uttarakhand 11, Mohini Road, Dehradun Fax: 0135- 2712114/2712922 Phone: 0135-2676812 (O) Fax: 0135-2672337

20. West Bengal For NRCP Principal Secretary Chief Executive Officer, Department of Environment KMDA, Prashasan Bhawan, Writers Building DD-I, Sector-I, G-Block, 2nd Floor, Kolkata-700 064 Kolkata-700001 Phone: 033-23597915/7988 Phone: 033-22145592 (O) Fax: 033-23597881/23593563 Fax: 22141271

For CETP Addl. Chief Secretary, Director of Industries, Commerce & Industries Department, Commerce & Industries Dept. Govt. of West Bengal, Govt. of West Bengal, Kolkata-700 006 4 Camac Street, Phone: 033-22820791 Kolkata - 700 016 Fax: 033-22820790 Fax: 033 - 22820790

21. Jammu & Kashmir Smt. Naseem Lanker Shri Irfan Yaseen Secretary Vice Chairman, Housing & Urban Development J&K Lakes and Waterways Authority Govt. of J&K Development Sri Nagar Wali's House, Braine Nishant, Srinagar (J&K) Fax: 0194-2464015/16

355 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-VI A

List of wetlands of International Importance from India under Ramsar Convention

S.No. Name of Wetland State Date of declaration

1. Chandratal H.P. 08/11/05

2. Renuka H.P. 08/11/05

3. Rudrasagar Tripura 08/11/05

4. Uppar Ganga U.P. 08/11/05

5. Hokarsar J&K 08/11/05

6. Surinsar - Mansar J&K 08/11/05

7. Bhitarkanika Mangroves Orissa 19/08/02

8. Bhoj Wetland Madhya Pradesh 19/08/02

9. Deepor Beel Assam 19/08/02

10. East Calcutta Wetlands West Bengal 19/08/02

11. Kolleru Lake Andhra Pradesh 19/08/02

12. Sasthamkotta Lake Kerala 19/08/02

13. Ashtamudi Kerala 19/08/02

14. Tsomorari Jammu & Kashmir 19/08/02

15. Vembanad-Kol Wetland Kerala 19/08/02

16. Point Calimere Sanctuary Tamil Nadu 19/08/02

17. Pong Dam Lake Himachal Pradesh 19/08/02

18. Kanjli Punjab 22/01/02

19. Ropar Punjab 22/01/02

20. Harike Lake Punjab 23/03/90

21. Loktak Lake MR Manipur 23/03/90

22. Sambhar Lake Rajasthan 23/03/90

23. Wular Lake Jammu & Kashmir 23/03/90

24. Chilika Lake Orissa 01/10/81

25. Keoladeo National Park MR Rajasthan 01/10/81

MR - Montreux Record

356 Annual Report 2011-2012

Annexure-VI B

List of Wetlands Identified under National Wetland Conservation Programme

S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands

1. Andhra Pradesh 1. Kolleru

2. Assam 2. Deepar Beel

3. Urpad Beel

4. Sone Beel

3. Bihar 5. Kabar

6. Barilla

7. Kusheshwar Asthan

4. Gujarat 8. Nalsarovar

9. Great Rann of Kachh

10. Thol Bird Sanctuary

11. Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary

12. Little Rann of Kachh

13. Pariej

14. Wadhwana

15. Nanikakrad

5. Haryana 16. Sultanpur

17. Bhindawas

6. Himachal Pradesh 18. Renuka

19. Pong Dam

20. Chandratal

21. Rewalsar

22. Khajjiar

7. Jammu & Kashmir 23. Wullar

24. Tso Morari

25. Tisgul Tso & Chisul Marshes

26.

357 Ministry of Environment & Forests

S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands 27. Mansar-Surinsar 28. Ranjitsagar 29. Pangong Tsar 30. Gharana 31. Hygam 32. Mirgund 33. Shalbugh 34. Chushul & Hanley 8. Jharkhand 35. Udhwa 36. Tilaiya Dam 9. Karnataka 37. Magadhi 38. Gudavi Bird Sanctuary 39. Bonal 40. Hidkal & Ghataprabha 41. Heggeri 42. Ranganthittu 43. K.G. Koppa wetland 10. Kerala 44. Ashtamudi 45. Sasthamkotta 46. Kottuli 47. Kadulandi 48. Vembnad Kol 11 Madhya Pradesh 49. Barna 50. Yashwant Sagar 51. Wetland of Ken River 52. National Chambal Sanctuary 53. Ghatigaon 54. Ratapani 55. Denwa Tawa wetland 56.

358 Annual Report 2011-2012

S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands 57. 58. Sakhyasagar 59. Dihaila 60. Govindsagar 61. Sirpur 12. Maharashtra 62. Ujni 63. Jayakawadi 64. Nalganga wetland 13. Manipur 65. Loktak 14. Mizoram 66. Tamdil 67. Palak 15. Orissa 68. Chilka 69. Kuanria wetland 70. Kanjia wetland 71. Daha wetland 72. Anusupa 16. Puducherry 73. Ousteri lake 17. Punjab 74. Harike 75. Ropar 76. Kanjli 77. Nangal 18. Rajasthan 78. Sambhar 19. Sikkim 79. Khechuperi Holy Lake 80. Tamze Wetland 81. Tembao Wetland Complex 82. Phendang Wetland Complex 83. Gurudokmar Wetland 84. Tsomgo wetland 20. Tamil Nadu 85. Point Calimer 86. Kaliveli

359 Ministry of Environment & Forests

S.No. State/UT S.No. Name of Wetlands 87. Pallaikarni 21. Tripura 88. Rudrasagar 89. Gumti reservoir 22. Uttar Pradesh. 90. Nawabganj 91. Sandi 92. Lakh Bahoshi 93. Samaspur 94. Alwara Wetland 95. Semarai Lake 96. Nagaria lake 97. Keetham Lake 98. Shekha wetland 99. Saman Bird Sanctuary 100. Sarsai Nawar 101. Patna Bird Sanctuary 102. Chandotal 103. Tal Bhaghel 104. Taal Ganbhirvan & Taal Salona 105. Aadi Jal Jeev Jheel 23. Uttarakhand 106. Ban Ganga Jhilmil Tal 107. Asan 24. West Bengal 108. East Calcutta Wetland 109. Sunderbans 110. Ahiron Beel 111. Rasik Beel 112. Santragachi 113. Patlakhawa- Rasomati 25. Meghalaya 114. Umiam lake 26. UT (Chandigarh) 115. Sukhna lake

360 Annual Report 2011-2012

Annexure-VII

Names of Nodal Agencies of NGC Programme

S.No. State/UT State Nodal Agency

1 Andhra Pradesh Directorate of NGC, Deptt. of Environment, Forests, Science & Tech., Govt. of A.P., No. 18, A-Block, Buddha Bhavan Complex, MG Road, Hyderabad - 500 003

2 Andaman & Nicobar (U.T.) H. Q. Circle, Department of Forests, Vansadan, Haddo, Port Blair - 741002

3 Arunachal Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Pollution Control Board, Department of Environment & Forests, PCCF's Office 'Zero Point' Tiniali, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh-791111.

4 Assam Assam Science, Technology and Environment Council, Vigyan Bhawan, G. S. Road, Guwahati - 781 005

5 Bihar Bihar State Poll. Control Board, Beltron Bhawan, 2nd floor, Lal Bahadur Shastri Nagar, Patna - 800 023

6 Chandigarh (UT) Department of Environment, Chandigarh Administration, Additional Town Hall Building, llnd Floor, Sector -17-, Chandigarh -160 017

7 Chhattisgarh Chhattisgarh Environment Conservation Board, Nanak Niwas, Civil Lines, Raipur - 492 001

8 Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT) Pollution Control Committee (PCC), DNH, Silvasa - 396230

9 Daman& Diu (UT) Pollution Control Committee, Fort Area, Daman & Diu, Moti Daman - 396 220

10 Delhi (NCT) Eco Club Society of Delhi, Department of Environment, Govt. of NCT of Delhi, Level -6, C-Wing, Delhi Secretariat, I.P Estate, New Delhi - 110 002

11 Goa Goa State Council of Science, Technology & Environment, Opp. Saligao Seminary, Saligao, Barcez, Goa - 403 511

12 Gujarat Gujarat Ecological Education and Research Foundation (GEER), Near Indroda Nature Park, Sec. - 9, Gandhi Nagar - 382 009

13 Haryana Haryana State Pollution Control Board, Plot No. C-11, Sector -6, Panchkula -134 101

361 Ministry of Environment & Forests

S.No. State/UT State Nodal Agency

14 Himachal Pradesh State Council for Science, Technology & Environment, 34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Shimla -171 009

15 Jammu & Kashmir (May to Oct) Srinagar- Sheikh-ul Alam Campus, Rajbagh behind Govt Silk Factory,Srinagar- Kashmir (Nov to April) J & K State Pollution Control Board Jammu- Parivesh Bhawan, Glandni Transport Nagar (Narwal) Jammu

16 Jharkhand Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board, T. A. Division Building, Ground Floor, H. E. C., Dhurwa, Ranchi - 834 004

17 Karnataka Environmental Management & Policy Research Institute, Department of Forests, Ecology and Environment, Government of Karnataka, "Hasiru Bhavana", Doresanipalya Forest Campus, Vinayakanagar Circle, J. P. Nagar, 5th Phase, Bangalore - 560 078

18 Kerala Kerala State Council for Science, Tech. & Environment, Shashtra Bhawan, Pattom, Thiruvannthapuram-695 004

19 Lakshadweep (UT) Deptt. of Environment and Forests, UT Administration of Lakshadweep, - 682555

20 Madhya Pradesh Environment Planning and Coordination Organisation (EPCO), Kachnar, Parayavaran Parisar, E-5, Sector, Arera Colony, Bhopal - 462 106

21 Maharashtra Maharashtra Ekatmik Padik Jamin Vikas Yantrana, Directorate of Social Forestory, Maharastra State, Central Administrative Building, Ground Floor, Pune - 411 001

22 Manipur Manipur Pollution Control Board, Lamphelpat, Near Imphal West D.C. Office Complex, Imphal-795004

23 Meghalaya Forests & Environment Department, Sylvan House, Lower Lauchumere, Shillong - 793 001

24 Mizoram Mizoram State Pollution Control Board, MG Road, Khatla, Aizawl - 796 001

25 Nagaland Nagaland Pollution Control Board, Signal Point, Dimapur -797112

26 Orissa Centre for Environmental Studies (CES), Forests & Environment Department, Govt. of Orissa, N-1/247, IRC Village, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar - 751 015

362 Annual Report 2011-2012

S.No. State/UT State Nodal Agency

27 Pudducherry (UT) Environment Education Cell, State Training Centre, Perunthalivar Kamaraj Education Complex, 'B' Block, IV Floor, Anna Nagar, Puducherry - 605 005

28 Punjab Punjab State Council for Science and Technology, Adjacent Sacred Heart School, Sector - 26, Post Box No. 727, Chandigarh - 160019

29 Rajasthan Rajasthan Rajya Bharat Scouts & Guides, Rajya Mukhyalaya, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, Bajaj Nagar, Jaipur - 302 015

30 Sikkim Department of Forests, Environment & Wildlife Management, Deorali, Gangtok -737 101, Sikkim

31 Tamil Nadu Environment Management Agency of Tamil Nadu (EMAT), Govt. of Tamil Nadu, Ground Floor, Panagal Building, No. 1, Jeenis Road, Saidapet, Chennai - 600 015

32 Tripura Tripura State Pollution Control Board, Vigyan Bhawan, Pt. Nehru Complex, Gorkha Basti, P.O. Kunjaban, Agartala, Tripura (W) - 799 006

33 Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board, PICUP Bhawan, 3rd Floor, B-Block, Gomati Nagar, Vibhuti Khand, Lucknow-226010

34 Uttarakhand Uttarakhand Sabhi Ke Liye Shiksha Parishad (SSA), State Project Office, Nanoor Kheda, Tapovan Marg, Dehradun - 248 001

35 West Bengal West Bengal Pollution Control Board, Department of Environment, Government of West Bengal, Paribesh Bhawan, 10A, Block - LA, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata - 700 098.

363 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Annexure-VIII

List of RRAs under NEAC

S.No. Name of Organisations Area of Jurisdiction

1. Sri Swarupa Nistha Ashrama, Philosophical Andhra Pradesh (South) Welfare Society, H.No. 1-1189-99,1st Floor, N.G.O. Colony, Kadiri-515591, Anathapur Distt. Andhra Pradesh

2. Deccan Development Society, 101, Kishan Residency Andhra Pradesh (North) House No.1-11-242/1, Street No.5, Begum Pet, Hyderabad- 500 016

3. Assam Science Society, P.B.No.78, Lamb Road, Assam Latasil, Guwahati-781 001

4. Rural Youth Coordination Centre, Bihar Camp Office: House No. 210,Indira Nagar Rajapur, Post-Patna G.P.O., Distt-Patna-800 001 Head Office: At. Po. Distt. Saran, Bihar Pin-841401

5. Jan Kalyan Parishad, Moh. Namana Kala Ring Road, Chhattisgarh (Near Comel School), Ambikapur, Distt. -Surguja, Chattisgarh-497001

6. Indian Environmental Society, Delhi & Western U.P. U-112, Vidhata House, 3rd Floor, Vikas Marg, Shakarpur, Delhi- 110 092 Branch Office: Building, Ground Floor Sanjay Palace, Agra

7. Vikram Sarabhai Centre for Development Gujarat & Daman Diu Interaction (VIKSAT), Nehru Foundation for Development, Taltej Tekra, Vastrapur Road, Ahmedabad- 380 054

8. Haryana Nav Yuvak Kala Sangam (HNYKS) 46, Haryana Sector-I, Rohtak-124001, Haryana

9. State Council for Science, Technology & Environment Himachal Pradesh H.P. 34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Shimla-171 009

10. World Wide Fund for Nature-India, Jammu & Jammu Kashmir State Office, C/O Centre for Environment Education & Training, New University campus, Jammu-180006

11. The NGOs Co-ordination Federation (J&K), Kashmir including Ladakh Usman Complex Solina, Srinagar-190009 (J&K)

364 Annual Report 2011-2012

S.No. Name of Organisations Area of Jurisdiction

12. Gram Vikas Kendra, K-3/57, Hans Stoehr Road, Jharkhand TELCO Colony, Jamshedpur-831 004

13. Karnataka Rajya Vijnana Parishat, Vijnana Bhawan, Karnataka No. 24 /2 &24/3, 21st Main Road, Banashankari-II Stage, Bangalore- 560 070

14. Centre for Environment & Development, Kerala, Lakshadweep & Thozhuvancode, Vattiyoorkavu P.O., Island Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala -695013

15. Bhartiya Agro-Industries Foundation (BAIF), Maharashtra, Goa & Development Research Foundation, BAIF Bhawan, Dadar Nagar Haveli Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National Highway No. 4, Warje, Pune- 411 058

16. Environment & Ecology Wing, Deptt. of Environment Manipur and Forests, Government of Manipur, Porompat, Near D.C. Officer, Imphal (east)-795 001

17. Environmental Planning & Coordination Madhya Pradesh Organisation (EPCO), 'Kachnar' Paryavaran Parisar, E-5, Arera Colony, Bhopal- 462 016

18. Center for Environment Protection (CEP), Mizoram B-27/1,Tuikual South, Aizwal-796001, Mizoram

19. Nagaland Pollution Control Board, Signal Point, Nagaland Dimapur, Nagaland-797112

20. Centre for Environment Studies, Forests and South Orissa Environment Department, Government of Orissa, N-3/56 I.R.C. Village, Bhubaneshwar- 751015

21. Animal Welfare Society of Orissa, North Orissa Branch Office: At/Po- Bhandaripokhari, Distt-Bhadrak, Orissa Head Office: Qr. No. 4R-2, Unit-8 Gopbandhu Square, Bhubaneshwar - 751012

22. Punjab State Council for Science & Technology, Punjab & Chandigarh MG SIPA Building, Near Sacred Heart Public School, Sector-26, Chandigarh-160 019

23. Consumer Unity & Trust Society (CUTS), Rajasthan D-217, Bhaskar Marg, Bani Park, Jaipur-302016, Rajasthan

365 Ministry of Environment & Forests

S.No. Name of Organisations Area of Jurisdiction

24. C.P. Ramaswamy Aiyer Foundation, Tamilnadu (North) & The grove, 1-Eldmas Road, Alwerpet, Andaman Nicobar Chennai- 600 018

25. C.P. Ramaswamy Environment Education Centre, Pondicherry No. 1-A, Eldams Road, Chennai- 600 018

26. PEACE Trust, Near Police Colony, Trichy Road, Tamilnadu (South) Dindigul, Tamil Nadu-624005

27. Tripura State Pollution Control Board, Tripura Pandit Nehru Complex, Gorkhabasti, Agartala-799 006

28. Devoted Organization for Reforming Uttaranchal Environment (DORE), 196-B, Khari Bazar, Ranikhet-263645, Uttranchal

29. Shohratgarh Environmental Society, Uttar Pradesh (East) Prem Kunj, 9, Adarsh Colony, Shohratgarh, Siddharth Nagar Distt. 272 205 (U.P.)

30. School of Fundamental Research, 29, West Bengal Pratapaditya Road, Kolkata- 700 026 Except Darjeeling Hilly Areas and Siliguri

31. Federation of Societies for Environmental Darjeeling Hilly Area & Siliguri Protection (FOSEP), Darjeeling, Dr. S.M. Das Road, Red Cross Building, Darjelling-734101, West Bengal

32. Department of Environment& Forests, Arunachal Pradesh Office of the PCCF & Prinl. Secry., 'P'-Sector, Government of Arunachal Pradesh, Itanagar-791111

33. Department of Environment, Meghalaya Government of Meghalaya, Shillong-793 001.

34. State Environment Agency Forest, Environment and Sikkim Wildlife Management Department, Government of Sikkim, Gangtok-737 101

366 Annual Report 2011-2012

Annexure-IX

List of ENVIS Centres

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject Area No. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

ENVIS Institutional Centres (Subject Specific)

1. Central Pollution Control Shri G. Ganesh, ENVIS Coordinator Control of Board (CPCB), Delhi Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar, Pollution (Water, Delhi-110 032, Delhi Air and Noise) Phone: 011-22301932, 43102258 Fax: 011-22304948, 22301932, 43102258 Email: [email protected] URL: www.cpcbenvis.nic.in

2. Industrial Toxicological Dr. K.C. Gupta, Director Toxic Chemicals Research Centre (ITRC), Shri Shailendra Kumar Gupta, Lucknow ENVIS Coordinator Post Box No.80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow-226 001, Uttar Pradesh Phone:+91 522 2620206 (Ext. 308), 2620207 (Ext. 308), 2284591 Fax: +91 522 2628227,2628227,2611547 Email:[email protected],[email protected], [email protected] URL: url: www.itrcenvis.nic.in

3. National Institute of Dr. P.K. Nag, Director Environmental Occupational Health Dr. Sunil Kumar, Scientist 'G' & and (NIOH), Ahmedabad ENVIS Coordinator Occupational Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Health Gujarat-380016 Phone: 079-22686351,22686259, 22682868, 22688842 Coordinator : 09426395738 Fax: 079-22686361,22686110 Email: [email protected],[email protected] URL: www.niohenvis.nic.in

4. Centre for Ecological Prof. R. Sukumar, Chairman Western Ghats Sciences - Indian Dr. T.V. Ramachandran, ENVIS Coordinator Ecology and Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, Karnataka-560 012, Bengaluru Biodiversity Bengaluru Phone: 91-080-22933099/23600985/ 91-080-22932506/23601428/23600085/ 91-080-23600683 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/biodiversity

367 Ministry of Environment & Forests

Sl. ENVIS Centre/ Communication Linkage Subject Area No. Organisation (Head of Organisation/Coordinator/Address)

5. Centre for Advanced Prof. Dr. T. Balasubramanian, Mangroves, Study in Marine Biology Dean & Director and ENVIS In-Charge Estuaries, (CASMB), Parangipettai Annamalai University, Parangipettai-608502, Lagoons, Coral Tamil Nadu Reefs Phone: 04144-243223, 243533, 253089, 09443330214 Fax: 04144- 243555/243641 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: casmbenvis.nic.in

6. Zoological Survey of Dr. K. Venkataraman, Director Faunal Bio India (ZSI), Kolkata Dr. Achintya Chattopadhyay, diversity ENVIS Coordinator Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal Phone: 033-24008595, 24006893, 24003925, 24002360 (Extn. 292) Fax: 033-24006893, 24006893 Coordinator: 09339382386 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: zsienvis.nic.in

7. Centre for Mining Prof. D. C. Panigrahi, Director Environmental Environment (CME), Dr. Asim Kumar Pal, Problems of Indian School of Mines, Prof & ENVIS Coordinator Mining Dhanbad Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826004, Jharkhand Phone: 0326-2296624/25, Coordinator: 09939160256 Fax: 0326-2296624, 2296603 Email: [email protected], [email protected]

8. National Environmental Shri Prakash Kumbhare, ENVIS Coordinator Hazardous Engineering Research Nehru Marg, Nagpur-440020, Maharashtra Waste Institute (NEERI), Nagpur Phone: 0712-2226026,2226071, 2249885 Fax: 0712-2225191, 2249782, 2249900 Email: [email protected] URL: neerienvis.nic.in

9. G.B. Pant Institute of Dr. L.M.S. Palni, Director Himalayan Himalayan Environment Dr. P.P. Dhyani, ENVIS Coordinator Ecology and Development Kosi - Katarmal, Almora-263643, (GBPIHED), Almora Uttarakhand, Phone: 05962-241041, 241153 (Extn.54), 241015 Coordinator: 09412092189, 09412092188, 09720335427

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Fax: 05962-241014/15, 241150, 241153 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: gbpihed.nic.in

10. Botanical Survey of Dr. Paramjit Singh, Director, BSI Floral India (BSI), Kolkata Dr.P.Lakshminarasimhan, Project In-Charge, Biodiversity ENVIS CENTRE ENVIS Centre on Floral Diversity CNH Building, 3rd Floor, AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden, P.O. Botanic garden, Howrah-711103, Kolkata, West Bengal Phone: 033-26683235, 26680667 Fax: 033-26686226 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: bsienvis.nic.in

11. Forest Research Institute Dr. S.S. Negi, IFS, Director Forestry (FRI), Dehradun Shri Shailendra Kaushik, ENVIS Coordinator National Forest Library & Information Centre, Indian Council of Forestry Research Education New forest - P.O., Dehradun-248006, Uttarakhand Phone: 0135-2756414 Fax: 0135-2756865 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: frienvis.nic.in

12. Wildlife Institute of India Dr. P.R. Sinha Director Wildlife and (WII), Dehradun Dr. V.B. Mathur, ENVIS Coordinator Protected Area PO Box NO. 18, Chandrabani, Management Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand Phone: 0135-2040111-15 (Extn.202) Coordinator: 09412054648 Fax: 0135-2640117 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: wiienvis.nic.in

13. State Council of Science Shri A.K. Srivastava, IAS, Secretary, Eco-Tourism and Technology for Dept. of Science & Technology Sikkim (SCSTS), Gangtok Shri Dorji Thinlay Bhutia, ENVIS Coordinator Deorali, Gangtok-737 102, Sikkim

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Phone: 03592-208940, 205551, Coordinator : 09434188242 Fax: 0359-2208764, 2228764 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: scstsenvis.nic.in

14. Central Arid Zone Dr. M.M. Roy, Director Desertification Research Institute Shri Tirth Das, ENVIS Coordinator (CAZRI), Jodhpur Dr. Raheja Library, Jodhpur-342 003, Rajasthan Phone: 291- 2786931 Coordinator: 09829586846 Fax: 291-788706 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: cazrienvis.nic.in

15. Department of Zoology - Prof. N. Munuswamy, Hon. Director and Micro-organisms University of Madras, ENVIS Coordinator and Chennai Life Science Building, Guindy Campus, environmental Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu management Phone: 044-22300899 Mobile: 09884171947, 09444895145 Fax: 044-22300899 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: dzumenvis.nic.in

16. Institute for Ocean Prof. R. Ramesh, Director and Coastal Management (IOM), ENVIS Coordinator Regulation Zone Chennai Koodal Building, Anna University, Management Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu and Coastal Phone: 044-22330108, 22200159, Shelter Belts 22203408 Mobile: 9840966299 Fax: 044-22200158 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: iomenvis.nic.in

17. Indian Institute of Prof. B.N. Goswami, Director Acid Rain and Tropical Meteorology Dr. Gufran Beig , Scientist F & Atmospheric (IITM), Pune ENVIS Coordinator Pollution Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan,

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Pune-411 008, Maharashtra Phone: 020-25904200, 25893825 (Extn. 261, 212) Mobile: 09423018580 Fax: 020-25893825 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: iitmenvis.nic.in, envis.tropmet.res.in

18. Indian Institute of Dr. J.S. Yadav, Director Bioinformatics - Chemical Technology Dr. U.Suryanarayana Murthy, Vector Control (IICT), Hyderabad ENVIS Coordinator Habsiguda, Uppal Road, Hyderabad-500007, Andhra Pradesh Phone: 040-27193134 Fax: 040-27193227 Coordinator: +91-9440802794 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: iictenvis.nic.in

19. Central Building Prof. S.K. Bhattacharya, Director Fly Ash Research Institute (CBRI), Dr. L.P. Singh, ENVIS Coordinator Roorkee Roorkee-247 667, Uttarakhand Phone: 01332-283442, 272391, 2722432 Mobile: Coordinator : 09837031050 Fax: 01332-272272, 272543 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: cbrienvis.nic.in

20. National Botanical Dr. C.S. Nautiyal - Director Indicators of Research Institute (NBRI), Dr. Nandita Singh, ENVIS Coordinator Plant Pollution Lucknow Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226 001, Uttar Pradesh Phone: 0522-2205847, 2205839, 2297931 Coordinator : 09415110314 Fax: 0522-2205847 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: nbrienvis.nic.in

21. Gujarat Cleaner Shri Bharat P. Jain, Member Secretary Cleaner Production Centre Ms. Neerja Desai, Coordinator Production & (GCPC), Gandhi Nagar Block No.4, 3rd Floor, Udyog Bhawan, Technology Sector-11, Gandhi Nagar-382 017, Gujarat Phone: 079- 23244147 Fax: 079-23244306

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Coordinator : 09879277018 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: gcpcgujarat.org/envis

22. Department of Prof. Alok Kumar Banerjee Environmental Environmental Sciences Prof. S.C. Santra, ENVIS Coordinator Biotechnology (DES), University of University of Kalyani, Kalyani Distt. Nadia Kalyani, West Bengal West Bengal - 741235 Phone: 033-25808749 Fax: 033-25828282 Coordinator: 09433215100 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: deskuenvis.nic.in

23. School of Planning and Prof. A. K. Sharma, Director Human Architecture (SPA), Prof. Meenakshi Dhote, ENVIS Coordinator Settlement Delhi 4 B, Block, Indraprastha Estate, New Delhi-110002 Phone: 011-23702393 Coordinator: 09313508547 Fax: 011-23702383 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: spaenvis.nic.in

24. School of Shri Sandeep Chatterjee, Registrar Biogeochemistry Environmental Sciences Prof. Sudha Bhattacharya, Dean, Jawaharlal Nehru School of Environmental Sciences, University (JNU), Delhi JNU & ENVIS Coordinator New Delhi-110 067, India Phone: 011-26704315 Fax: 26741502 Email: [email protected] URL: jnuenvis.nic.in

ENVIS NGO Centres (Subject Specific)

25. The Energy Resources Dr. R.K. Pachauri, Director General Renewable Institute (TERI), Delhi Shri P.K. Bhattacharya, ENVIS Coordinator Energy and Darbari Seth Block, Habitat Centre, Environment Lodi Road, New Delhi-110 003 Phone: 011-24682100,24682111,41504900 Coordinator: 9811873580 Fax: 011-246821 44/45 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: terienvis.nic.in

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26. World Wide Fund for Shri Ravi Singh, Secretary General and CEO NGOs and Nature - India (WWF), Shri G. Areendran, ENVIS Coordinator Parliament Delhi Indira Gandhi Conservation Monitoring Centre (IGCMC), 172-B, Lodhi Estate, New Delhi-110 003 Phone: 011-41504791, 41504793 Coordinator: 9968061056 Fax: 011-41504779, 24691226 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: wwfenvis.nic.in

27. Centre for Environment Shri Kartikeya V. Sarabhai, Director Environmental Education (CEE), Rajeswari N. Gorana, ENVIS Coordinator Education Ahmedabad Nehru Foundation for Development, Taltej Tekra, Ahmedabad-380 054, Gujarat Phone: 079-26844795, 26858002-05, 26858011 Coordinator: 9825647784 Fax: 079-26858010 Email: [email protected] [email protected], [email protected] URL: greenteacher.org

28. Environment Protection Shri Indrajit Pal, IAS, Director General Ecology of Training and Research Dr. Razia Sultana, Director and Eastern Ghats Institute (EPTRI), ENVIS Coordinator Hyderabad 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, Andhra Pradesh Phone: 040-2323180103, 23180114 Coordinator: 9848475506 Fax: 040-23180135 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: eptrienvis.nic.in

29. Centre for Media Dr. N. Baskara Rao, Chairman Communication Studies (CMS), Delhi Shri Rohit Singh, ENVIS Coordinator and Electronic Research House, B-34, Community Centre, Media Saket, New Delhi-110 017, Delhi Phone: 011-26851660, 26522255, 26522244 26856429 Coordinator: 09899979158 Fax: 011-26968282, 26968282 Email:[email protected],[email protected] URL: cmsenvis.nic.in

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30. Bombay Natural History Dr. Asad R. Rahmani, Director Avian Ecology Society (BNHS), Mumbai Hornbill House, Dr. Salim Ali Chowk, Saheed Bhagat Singh Road, Mumbai-400 001, Maharashtra Phone: 022-22821811 Fax: 022-22837615 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: bnhsenvis.nic.in

31. Consumer Education Shri Kalyan Bose, Hon. Director (Admn.) Eco-Labeling and and Research Centre Ms Gauri Wagenaar, ENVIS Coordinator Eco-Friendly (CERC), Ahmedabad Suraksha Sankool, Thaltej, Products Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad-380 054, Gujarat Phone: 079-27489945-46, 27450528, 27451097 Fax: 079-27489947 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: enviscerc.org

32. CPR Environmental Dr.(Mrs.) Nanditha C, Krishna, Hon. Director Conservation of Education Centre Shri P.Sudhakar, ENVIS Coordinator Ecological (CPREEC), Chennai 1, Eldams Road, Alwarpet, Heritage and Chennai-600 018, Tamil Nadu Sacred Sites Phone: 044-24346526, 24337023, in India 24341778 Coordinator: 094442 54831 Fax: 044-24320756 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: cpreecenvis.nic.in

33. Foundation for Dr. Padma Venkat, Director Conservation of Revitalization of Local Ms. Suma TS, ENVIS Coordinator Medicinal Plants Health Traditions (FRLHT), 74/2, Jarakbande Kaval, Yelahanka, Bengaluru via Attu PO, Bengaluru-560 064, Karnataka Phone: 080-28565847, 28568007, 28565873, 28568000 Coordinator: 09448937066 Fax: 080-28565895, 28567926 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: frlhtenvis.nic.in

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34. National Solid Waste Dr. Amiya Kumar Sahu, President and Municipal Solid Association of India ENVIS Coordinator, Waste (NSWAI), Mumbai B-703, Customs Colony A, Marol, Management Military Road, Andheri (E), Mumbai - 400 059 Phone: 022-24375363, 29207577 Telefax: 022-29202951, 29202951 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: nswai.com

35. International Institute of Dr. Namita Mathur, Head & Hygiene, Health and Hygiene, ENVIS Coordinator Sanitation, Delhi Sulabh Bhawan, Mahavir Enclave, Sewage New Delhi-110 045, Delhi Treatment Phone: 011-25058941 Systems and Coordinator: 9810055105 Technology Fax: 011-25034014 Email: [email protected] URL: sulabhenvis.nic.in

36. Indian Centre for Plastic Shri K.G. Ramanathan, President Management of in the Environment Shri T.K. Bandopadhyay, ENVIS Coordinator Plastic, Polymers (ICPE), Mumbai OLYMPUS House, 2nd Floor, 25, and Biopolymers Raghunath Dadaji Street, (Near Fort House - Formerly Handloom House), Fort, Mumbai - 400 001 Phone: 022-22617137, 22617165, 40022491 Fax: 022-22617168, 09323296499 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: icpeenvis.nic.in

37. Salim Ali Centre for Dr. P.A. Azeez, Director Wetland Ornithology and Dr. Goldin Quadros, ENVIS Coordinator Ecosystem Natural History Anaikatty P.O., Coimbatore-641 108, (including inland (SACON), Coimbatore Tamil Nadu wetlands) Phone: 0422-2657101-102 Coordinator: 09869183412 Fax: 0422-2657088 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: wetlandsofindia.org

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38. International Institute for Dr. F. Ram, Director Population, Population Sciences Dr. R.B. Bhagat, ENVIS Coordinator Human (IIPS), Mumbai Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Settlement and Mumbai-400 088, Maharashtra Environment Phone: 022-42372412, 42372473 Coordinator : 09869947264 Fax: 022-25563257 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: iipsenvis.nic.in

39. Indian Environmental Dr. Desh Bandhu, President and Role of Society (IES), Delhi ENVIS Coordinator Panchayats in Vidhata House, Vikas Marg, Environment Shakarpur, Delhi-110092 Phone: 011-22046823,22450749 Coordinator: 9810180133 Fax: 011-22523311 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: iesenvis.nic.in

ENVIS Government Centres (State Government)

40. Environment Protection Shri Indrajit Pal, IAS, Director General Status of Training and Research Dr. Razia Sultana, Director and Environment and Institute (EPTRI), ENVIS Coordinator Related Issues Hyderabad 91/4, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500 032, Andhra Pradesh Phone: 040-23180103, 23180114 Coordinator: 9848475506 Fax: 040-23180135 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: apenvis.nic.in

41. Assam Science, Dr. Satyendra Kumar Choudhury, Director Status of Technology and Shri Jaideep Baruah, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Environmental Council, Bigyan Bhawan, G.S. Road, Related Issues Guwahati Guwahati-781005, Assam Phone: 0361-2464621/2464619 Mobile: 09435032706, 09435102089 Telefax: 0361-2464617 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: asmenvis.nic.in

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42. Bihar State Pollution Prof. Subhash Chandra Singh, Chairman Status of Control Board, Shri Anil Kumar, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Patna Beltron Bhawan, 2nd Floor, Lal Bhadur Related Issues Shastri Nagar, Patna-800 023, Bihar Phone: 0612-2281250, 2291709, 2281050 Fax: 0612-2291709, 2281050 Email: [email protected] URL: bhenvis.nic.in

43. Chhattisgarh Environment Shri Anil Kumar Sharma, Member Secretary Status of Conservation Board, Shri A.P. Savant, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Raipur Nanak Niwas, Civil Lines, Related Issues Raipur-492 001, Chhattisgarh Phone: 0771-2443934, 2425523 Fax: 0771-2443924, 2425585 Email: [email protected] URL: enviscecb.org/links.htm

44. Department of Science, Dr. N.P.S. Varde, Director/Jt. Secy. (STE) Status of Technology and Dr. Mohan R. Girap, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Environment, Goa Saligao Plateau, Saligao,Bardez-403511,Goa Related Issues Phone: 0832-2407186, Fax: 0832-2407186 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: goaenvis.nic.in

45. Gujarat Ecology Shri C.H. Pandya, Director Status of Commission (GEC), Shri Nischal Joshi, Sr. Project Manager Environment and Gandhinagar Block No.18/1, Udyog Bhavan, Sector-11, Related Issues Gandhinagar-382017, Gujarat Phone: 079-23257658, 23257659 Coordinator: 09825030698 Fax: 079-23257656 Email:[email protected],[email protected] URL: gujenvfor.gswan.gov.in

46. State Council for Shri E. Vikram, IFS, Jt. Member Secretary(EC) Status of Science, Technology Dr. Alka Sharma, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and and Environment B-34, SDA Complex, Kasumpti, Related Issues (SCSTE), Shimla Shimla-171 009, Himachal Pradesh Phone: 0177-2622490,2620998, 2622923, 2633923 Coordinator - 09816462200 Fax: 0177-2620998 Email: [email protected] URL: hpenvis.nic.in

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47. Directorate of Shri Ravi Kumar Kesar (IFS), Director Status of Environment and Mrs. Mutaharra A W Deva, Environment and Remote Sensing, ENVIS Coordinator Related Issues Srinagar (J&K) SDA Complex, Bemina, Srinagar Phone: 0194-2490823 Gladni Narwal Jammu May-Oct Phone: 0194-2490823, 2454847 Nov-Apr 0191-2490020 TeleFax: 0194-2490823 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: jkenvis.nic.in

48. Department of Forests, Shri A. K. Singhi IFS, Principal Chief Status of Jharkhand Conservator of Forests, Environment and Forests & Environment Department Related Issues Shri A. K. Mishra, IFS. Addl. Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, Working Plan and Research Council,Doranda, Ranchi-834 002, Jharkhand Phone: 0651- 2482294 Coordinator: 9431140743, 9431707214 Fax: 0651-2480655 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: jharenvis.nic.in

49. Environment Management Shri R.M.N. Sahai, IFS, Director General Status of & Policy Institute (EMPRI), Shri K.H. Vinaya Kumar, IFS, Environment and Bangaluru ENVIS Coordinator Related Issues Department of Forests, Environment and Ecology, Govt. of Karnataka, Hasiru Bhawan, Doresanipalya, Forest Campus, Vinayaka Nagar Circle, J.P. Nagar, 5th Phase, Bangaluru-560078, Karnataka Phone: 080-26490746, 26490747, 22254377, 22092445 Fax: 080-26490745, 22254377 Coordinator: 9611135140, 9916131360 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: parisaramahiti.kar.nic.in

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50. Kerala State Council for Prof. V N Rajasekharan Pillai, Status of Science, Technology Ex. Vice President, (KSCSTE), Environment and and Environment Dr. Kamalakshan Kokkal, Principal Scientific Related Issues (KSCSTE), Officer & ENVIS Coordinator Thiruvananthapuram Sasthra Bhawan, Pattom P.O., Thiruvananthapuram-695 004, Kerala Phone: 0471-2548210, 2543701-05 Coordinator: 09447489587, 0471-2548213 Fax: 0471-2543558, 2540085 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] [email protected] URL: kerenvis.nic.in

51. Disaster Management Shri Manohar Dubey, Executive Director Status of Institute (DMI), Bhopal Dr. Rakesh Dubey, ENVIS Coordinator and Environment and Director DMI Related Issues Housing and Environment Department, Paryavaran Parisar, E-5, Arera Colony, P.B.No.563, Bhopal-462 016, Madhya Pradesh Phone: 0755-2466715, 2461538, 2461348, 5293592 Fax: 0755-2466653 Coordinator- 09893250923 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: mpenvis.nic.in

52. State Environment Dr. B.N. Patil, ENVIS Coordinator Status of Department-Maharashtra, New Administrative Building, 15th Floor, Environment and Mumbai Madam Cama Marg, Mantralaya, Related Issues Mumbai-400 032, Maharashtra Phone: 022-22854707, 22855082 Coordinator: 9869942395 Fax: 022-22025946 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: mahenvis.nic.in

53. Dept. of Environment Dr. M. Homeshowor Singh, Chairman, Status of and Forests, Imphal Project Implementation Committee, Environment and Senior Scientific Officer Related Issues Dr. Y. Nabachandra Singh, ENVIS Coordinator Porompat (Near DC Imphal-East), Imphal (East)-795 010, Manipur Phone: 0385-2227625

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Coordinator: 09436035880, 09436038970 Fax: 0385-2227625, 2446670 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: manenvis.nic.in

54. Mizoram Pollution Shri C.Lalduhawma, Member Secretary & Status of Control Board, Aizwal ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Silver House, Tuikhuahtlang, Related Issues Aizwal-796 001, Mizoram Phone: 0389-2316591, 2326173, 231184, 09436142012 Fax: 0389-2316591, 2316590 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: mizenvis.nic.in

55. Nagaland Institute of Mrs. P. Lotha, Director Status of Health, Environment Dr. Inakhe Sumi, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and and Social Welfare Opposite to Commissioner's Office, Related Issues (NIHESW), Kohima Old Secretariat Complex, Kohima-797 001, Nagaland Phone: 0370-2292086 Fax: 0370-2240626, 2245615, 2240180 Mob: 09436010783 Coordinator 09436001470 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: nagenvis.nic.in

56. Centre for Environmental Ms Sailabala Padhi, Director & Status of Studies (CES), Forest & ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Environment Department, Forest & Environment Department, Related Issues Bhubaneswar Government of Odisha, N-1/247, IRC Village, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar-751 015, Odisha Phone: 0674-2551853, 2551853 Coordinator: 09437011837, 09937095353 Fax: 0674-2553182 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: orienvis.nic.in

57. Punjab State Council for Ms. Neelima Jerath, Executive Director Status of Science and Technology Shri Gurharminder Singh, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and (PSCST), Chandigarh MGSIPA Complex, Second Floor, Related Issues

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Adj. Sacred Heart School, Sector-26, Chandigarh-160 019, Punjab Phone: 0172- 2793600, 2792325, 2793300, Ext. 140 Fax: 0172-2793143 Coordinator: 9815655801 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: punenvis.nic.in

58. Rajasthan State Pollution Dr. V. S.Singh, Chairman Status of Control Board, Jaipur Shri Vijai Singhal, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and 4, Institutional Area, Jhalana Doongari, Related Issues Jaipur-302 004, Rajasthan Phone: 0141-2705731, 2707285,2711263 Fax: 0141-2709980 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: rajenvis.nic.in

59. Forests, Environment & Shri N.T. Bhutia, IFS, PCCF-cum-Secretary Status of Wildlife Management Shri Y.P. Gurung, IFS and ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Department, Gangtok ENVIS Centre Sikkim, Related Issues Forest Secretariat Annex-II, Ground Floor, Room No.1101/1102, Deorali, Gangtok-737 102, Sikkim (East) Phone: 03592-280381, 281778, 281145 Fax: 03592-280381, 281778, 09434077006, 09434109635, Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: sikenvis.nic.in

60. Department of Thiru T.S. Srinivasamurthy, I.F.S, Status of Environment, Chennai Director of Environment Environment and Shri J.D. Marcus Knight, ENVIS Coordinator Related Issues #1, Jeenis Road, 4th Floor Down, Panagal Building, Saidapet, Chennai-600 015, Tamil Nadu Phone: 044-24331243, 24336421 Coordinator: 09884338406 Fax: 044-24336594 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: tnenvis.nic.in

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61. Tripura State Pollution Prof. Mihir Deb, Chairman Status of Control Board, Shri Sumonta Chakraborti, Environment and Agartala Environmental Engineer Related Issues Parivesh Bhawan, Pandit Nehru Complex, Gorkhabasti, P.O. Kunjaban, Agartala-799 006, Tripura Phone: 0381-2322462, 2306233 Coordinator: 09436122197 Fax: 0381-2225421 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: trpenvis.nic.in

62. Environment Directorate - Shri O.P. Verma, Director(I/C) Status of Lucknow Shri R.K. Sardana, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Vinit Khand-1, Gomti Nagar, Related Issues Lucknow-226 020, Uttar Pradesh Phone: 0522-2300541 Coordinator: 09450777908 Fax: 0522-2300543 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: upenvis.nic.in

63. Uttarakhand Environment Dr. Ajay Gairola, Member Secretary Status of Protection & Pollution Shri Amarjeet Singh Oberai, Environment and Control Board (UEPPCB), ENVIS Coordinator Related Issues Dehradun E-115, Nehru Colony, Hardwar Road, Dehradun-248 011, Uttarakhand Phone: 0135-2668922 Coordinator: 09412085568 Fax: 0135-2668092 Email: [email protected], [email protected] [email protected], [email protected] URL: utrenvis.nic.in

64. Department of Shri S.S. Chaudhary, PCCF Status of Environment and Shri George Jacob, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Forest, Port Blair Van Sadan, Haddo P.O., Port Blair-744 102, Related Issues Andaman and Nicobar Phone: 03192-233233, 234430 Fax: 03192-230113, 244664 Email: [email protected] URL: as.and.nic.in/envis

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65. Forest Department Shri Richard D'Souza, Chairman Status of (Wildlife Division), Shri Birendra Chaudhary, IFS, Environment and Silvasa, Union Territories Deputy Conservator of Forests (WL) / Related Issues of Dadra & Nagar ENVIS Coordinator Haveli and Daman & Van Bhavan, Opp. Gujarat Industrial Bank, Diu Silvassa, Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Pin - 396 230 Phone: 0260 - 2643048, 02638-2230963, 2230524, 9825515965 Fax: 02638-2230804 Email: [email protected], [email protected]

66. Department of Shri. Ishwar Singh, Director, Status of Environment - Shri P.J.S. Dadhwal, ENVIS Coordinator Environment and Chandigarh Chandigarh Administration, Addl. Town Hall Related Issues Building, 2nd Floor, Sector 17-C, Chandigarh-160 001, Punjab Phone: 0172-2700065, 0172- 2700311, 9646712399 (SPO) Fax: 0172- 2700149 Email: [email protected], [email protected] URL: chenvis.nic.in

67. Puducherry Pollution Dr.N.Ramesh, ENVIS Coordinator Status of Control Committee, IIIrd Floor, Housing Board Building, Environment and Anna Nagar Anna Nagar, Puducherry-605 005, Related Issues Puducherry Phone: 0413-2201256 Mobile: 09443329141, 09443716026, 09442524264 Fax: 0413-2203494 Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] URL: dstepuducherry.gov.in/envis1.htm

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Annexure-X

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FOREST PERFORMANCE AUDIT OF WATER POLLUTION IN INDIA (REPORT NO 21 OF 2011-12) FOR THE YEAR ENDING MARCH 2011 PRESENTED IN PARLIAMENT ON 16-12-2011 Legislative and Policy framework Water pollution has not been adequately addressed in any policy in India, both at the central and the State level. In the absence of a specific water pollution policy which would also incorporate prevention of pollution, treatment of polluted water and ecological restoration of polluted water bodies, government efforts in these areas would not get the required emphasis and thrust. (Paragraph 2.1, 2.3) Planning for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water It was observed that MoEF and a number of States: – did not undertake complete inventorisation of rivers/lakes and keystone species associated with them. (Paragraph 3.1) – did not carry out identification of existing pollution levels in rivers and lakes in terms of biological indicators. (Paragraph 3.2) – had not identified and quantified contaminants in rivers, lakes and ground water. (Paragraph 3.3) – were yet to identify and quantify human activities that impact water quality. (Paragraph 3.4) – had not assessed the risks of polluted water to health and environment. (Paragraph 3.5) – had not adopted the basin level approach for control of pollution. (Paragraph 3.6) – had not developed water quality goals, corresponding parameters for each river/lake and failed to enforce these. (Paragraph 3.7) As such, overall planning for the control of pollution on part of MoEF and the States falls short of an ideal situation. This would have repercussions on implementation of programmes for control of pollution and their outcomes. Implementation of programmes for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water With regard to implementation of programmes for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water, it was observed that: – Current programmes for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water were insufficient. (Paragraph 4.1)

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– Institutional set-up to manage programmes for control of pollution in rivers, lakes and ground water was inadequate. (Paragraph 4.2) – Inclusion of rivers and lakes into National River Conservation Plan and National Lake Conservation Plan, respectively, was flawed. (Paragraph 4.2 & 4.3) – Performance of projects undertaken under NRCP was unsatisfactory. 82 per cent of the projects were completed after the scheduled date of completion. 28 projects costing Rs.251.27 crore were constructed but not utilised as yet. States implementing the projects faced problems in land acquisition, getting requisite permissions, especially forest clearances, technical problems, problems from contractors etc. (Paragraph 4.4) – NLCP as a programme has been ineffective in achieving the objective of conservation and restoration of lakes in India. Only two of the sampled 22 projects had been completed and the rest were either continuing beyond the sanction date of completion or had been abandoned. Problems like resistance from locals over proposed construction of STPs etc., dispute over site, inability to arrest sewage flow, non-availability of land etc., have contributed to non- completion of the projects. (Paragraph 4.5) Thus, programmes to control pollution of rivers and lakes in India have not had the desired results. Monitoring of programmes for control of pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water Inspection and monitoring of projects being implemented under NRCP and NLCP was inadequate at all three levels, i.e., local level, State level and Central level. (Paragraph 5.1) There was paucity of network for tracking pollution of rivers, lakes and ground water as there were inadequate number of monitoring stations, no real- time monitoring of water quality was taking place and the data on water quality had not been disseminated adequately. (Paragraph 5.2) As such, monitoring of programmes was inadequate which points to weak internal controls existing at all levels of government. Results of programmes for control of pollution in India River cleaning and control of pollution programmes for our polluted rivers are being implemented since 1985. The programmes seek to address pollution from point and non-point sources through construction of Sewage Treatment Plants, low cost sanitation, electric crematoria etc. However, the data on the results of these programmes are not very encouraging. Ganga in certain stretches, Yamuna, Gomti, Godavari, Musi, Cauvery, Cooum, Mahananda, Khan, Kshipra, Vaigai, Chambal, Rani Chu, Mandovi, Sabarmati, Subarnarekha, Bhadra/Tungabhadra, Pennar, Pamba, Betwa, Krishna, Sutlej etc., continue to be plagued by high levels of organic pollution, low level of oxygen availability for aquatic organisms and bacteria, protozoa and viruses which have faecal-origin and which cause illnesses. (Paragraph 6.1)

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Most lakes in India are under threat from nutrient overloading which is causing their eutrophication and their eventual choking up from the weeds proliferating in the nutrient-rich water. Implementation of NLCP in conserving these lakes has had no discernible effect. Pichola, Pushkar, Dimsagar, Banjara, Kotekere, Bellandur, Veli Akkulam, Shivpuri, Powai, Rankala, Twin lakes, Bindusagar, Mansagar, Mansiganga, Rabindra Sarovar, Mink, Kodaikanal lake, Dal lake, Durgabari lake, Laxminarayanbari Lake, Dimsagar Lake etc., have shown poor water quality. However, there have been some success stories like Nainital lake, Kotekere lake, Sharanabasaveshwara lake and Mansagar where water quality has improved after completion of conservation programmes. (Paragraph 6.2) Resources and Utilisation of Funds – Funds available for control and prevention of water pollution and restoration of wholesomeness of water were not adequate. (Paragraph 7.1)

Published by Environmental Information System (ENVIS), Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi-110003 and Printed at VIBA Press Pvt. Ltd., C-66/3, Okhla Indl. Area, Phase-II, New Delhi-110020 Tel. : 41611300 Mobile : 9810049515

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