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Geo-Polymer Concrete by Using Fly Ash and Quarry Dust” Submitted To

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Geo-Polymer Concrete by Using Fly Ash and Quarry Dust” Submitted To A PROJECT REPORT ON “STRENGTH STUDIES ON GEO-POLYMER CONCRETE BY USING FLY ASH AND QUARRY DUST” SUBMITTED TO JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING BY SHAIK USMAN (15KQ1D8714) Under The Esteemed Guidance Of M.RAJESH KUMAR, M.TECH ASST.PROFESSOR, DEPT OF CE. DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, VALLUR (AFFLIATED TO JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY KAKINADA & ACCRIDATED BY NAAC ‘A’ GRADE & AN ISO 9001-2008 CERTIFIED INSTITUTION) VALLUR, PRAKASAM(Dt). 2015-2017 PACE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCES, VALLUR DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the project work “STRENGTH STUDIES ON GEO- POLYMER CONCRETE BY USING FLY ASH AND QUARRY DUST’’ Submitted by SHAIK USMAN, is examined and adjusted as sufficient as a partial requirement for the MASTER DEGREE IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING at Jawaharlal Nehru Technological university, Kakinada is a bonafide record of the work done by student under my guidance and supervision. Project Guide Head of the Department M.Rajeshkumar ,M.Tech G.GaneshNaidu, M.Tech,(Ph.d) Asst. Professor Asst. Professor,HOD DEPARTMENT OF CE DEPARTMENT OF CE Principal Dr. C.V.SUBBA RAO, M.Tech ,Phd. PROJECT EXTERNAL EXAMINER ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartiest concern of words to all those people who have helped me in various ways to complete my project. I express my profound gratitude to my Project guide M.RAJESH KUMAR, M.Tech, Asst.Professor, Department of CE for his valuable and inspiring guidance, comments, and encouragements throughout the course of this project. We are highly indebted to G.GANESH NAIDU, M.Tech,(Ph.d), Assistant Professor and Head of Civil Engineering Department. He has been a constant source of encouragement and has inspired me in completing the project and helped us at various stages of project work. First and foremost I express my heartfelt gratitude to our principal Dr.C.V.SUBBA RAO, M.Tech,Ph.d,Department of Mechanical Engineering of our institution for forecasting an excellent academic environment which made my projectwork possible. Sincerely thanks to our Secretary and Correspondent Sri.M.SRIDHAR,M.Tech, for his kind support and encouragement. I extend my sincere thanks to our faculty members and lab technicians for their help in completing the project work. (SHAIK USMAN) (15KQ1D8714 ) DECLARATION I, hereby declare that the work which is being presented in this dissertation entitled “STRENGTH STUDIES ON GEO-POLYMER CONCRETE BY USING FLY ASH AND QUARRY DUST”submitted towards the partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Technology in STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING at Pace institute of technology and sciences, Vallur is an authentic record of my work carried out under the supervision of your guide name M.RAESH KUMAR, M.Tech Assistant Professor Department of C.E,. at Pace institute of technology and sciences, Vallur The matter embodied in this dissertation report has not been submitted by me for the award of any other degree. Further the technical details furnished in the various chapters in this report are purely relevant to the above project and there is no deviation from the theoretical point of view for design, development and implementation. (SHAIK USMAN) ( 15KQ1D8714 ) CONTENTS Pg No Index i List of tables & figures iii Abstract Chapter 1. Introduction 01 1.1 General 01 1.2 Need of geo polymer concrete 02 1.3 Geo polymer 03 1.3.1 Terminology and chemistry 04 1.4 Fly ash 1.4.1 Production and classification of fly ash 05 1.4.2 Applications of fly ash 06 1.5 Quarry dust 07 1.6 Objective of the study 08 Chapter2. Review of literature 09 2.1 General 09 2.2 Geo polymers 10 2.3 Alkaline liquids 11 2.4 Geo polymer concrete 12 Chapter 3. Properties of materials used for the study 13 3.1 Quarry dust 13 3.2 Coarse aggregate 14 3.3 Fly ash 15 3.4 Alkaline solutions 16 3.5 Super plasticizer 17 Chapter 4. Experimental work 18 4.1 General 19 4.2 Mix design 20 4.3 Preparation of alkaline solutions 21 4.4 Manfacturing and casting of geo polymer concrete 22 4.5 Curing of geo polymer concrete 23 4.6 Compressive strength 24 Chapter 5. Results and discussions 25 5.1 General 25 5.2 Results of strength tests 26 5.2.1 Compressive strength 27 Chapter 6. Conclusions 28 Chapter 7. Scope for future work 29 Chapter 8. References 30 LIST OF TABLES Tables Pg no. Table 1 Applications of geo polymers 1 Table 2 Physical properties of quarry dust 2 Table 2 Chemical composition of quarry dust 3 Table 4 Properties of coarse aggregate 4 Table 5 Properties of fly ash 5 Table 6 Mixing proportions of geo polymer concrete 6 Table 7 weight of NAOH flakes 7 Table 8 Compressive strength of specimens’ 9 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Pg no. Fig.1 Generalpolymeric structures from polymerization of monomers 12 Fig.2 Chemical structures of polysialates 13 Fig.3 Sodium hydroxide in pellets form 14 Fig.4 Sodium hydroxide in flakes form 15 Fig.5 Adding sodium silicate solution to dry mix 16 Fig.6 Fresh geo polymer concrete 17 Fig.7 casting of geo polymer cubes 18 Fig.8 Polymer cubes after compression test 19 Fig.9 compressive strength of sun light curing of cubes at 7 days age 20 ABSTRACT The major problem the world is facing today is the environmental pollution. In the construction industry mainly the production of Portland cement will causes the emission of pollutants results in environmental pollution. We can reduce the pollution effect on environment, by increasing the usage of industrial by-products in our construction industry. Geopolymer concrete is such a one and in the present study, to produce the geo-polymer concrete the Portland cement is fully replaced with fly ash and the fine aggregate is replaced with quarry dust and alkaline liquids are used for the binding of materials. The alkaline liquids used in this study for the polymerization are the solutions of Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2Sio3). Different molarities of sodium hydroxide solution i.e. 8M, 10M and 12M are taken to prepare different mixes. And the compressive strength is calculated for each of the mix. The cube specimens are taken of size 150mm x 150mm x 150mm.The Geopolymer concrete specimens are tested for their compressive strength at the age of 7days,mixes of varying sodium hydroxide molarities i.e.8M,10M and 12M are prepared and they are cured by direct sun-light and strengths are calculated for 7 days . The result shows that the strength of Geopolymer concrete is increasing with the increase of the molarity of sodium hydroxide. CHAPTER - 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1GENERAL For the construction of any structure, Concrete is the main material. Concrete usage around the world is second only to water. The main ingredient to produce concrete is Portland cement. On the other side global warming and environmental pollution are the biggest menace to the human race on this planet today. The production of cement means the production of pollution because of the emission of CO2 during its production. There are two different sources of CO2 emission during cement production. Combustion of fossil fuels to operate the rotary kiln is the largest source and other one is the chemical process of calcining limestone into lime in the cement kiln also produces CO2.In India about 2,069,738 thousands of metric tons of CO2 is emitted in the year of 2010. The cement industry contributes about 5% of total global carbon dioxide emissions. And also, the cement is manufactured by using the raw materials such as lime stone, clay and other minerals. Quarrying of these raw materials is also causes environmental degradation. To produce 1 ton of cement, about 1.6 tons of raw materials are required and the time taken to form the lime stone is much longer than the rate at which humans use it. But the demand of concrete is increasing day by day for its ease of preparing and fabricating in all sorts of convenient shapes. So to overcome this problem, the concrete to be used should be environmental friendly. 1.2 NEED OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE To produce environmental friendly concrete, we have to replace the cement with some other binders which should not create any bad effect on environment. The use of industrial by products as binders can reduce the problem. In this respect, the new technology geo-polymer concrete is a promising technique. In terms of reducing the global warming, the geo-polymer technology could reduce the CO2 emission to the atmosphere caused by cement and aggregates industries by about 80% (Davidovits, 1994c). And also the proper usage of industrial wastes can reduce the problem of disposing the waste products into the atmosphere. 1.3 GEOPOLYMER 1.3.1 TERMINOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY The term geo-polymer was first coined by Davidovits in 1978 to represent a broad range of materials characterized by chains or networks of inorganic molecules. Geo-polymers are chains or networks of mineral molecules linked with co-valent bonds. Geopolymer is produced by a polymeric reaction of alkaline liquid with source material of geological origin or by product material such as fly ash, rice husk ash, GGBS etc. Because the chemical reaction that takes place in this case is a polymerization process, Davidovitscoined the term ‘Geopolymer’ to represent these binders.Geo-polymers have the chemical composition similar to Zeolites but they can be formed an amorphous structure.
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