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Rules of the House : Family Law and Domestic Disputes in Colonial Korea / Sungyun Lim

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Rules of the House : Family Law and Domestic Disputes in Colonial Korea / Sungyun Lim LIM | RULES OF THE HOUSE RULES OF THE HOUSE Family Law and Domestic Disputes in Colonial Korea SUNGYUN LIM Luminos is the Open Access monograph publishing program from UC Press. Luminos provides a framework for preserving and reinvigorating monograph publishing for the future and increases the reach and visibility of important scholarly work. Titles published in the UC Press Luminos model are published with the same high standards for selection, peer review, production, and marketing as those in our traditional program. www.luminosoa.org Rules of the House GLOBAL KOREA Series Editor: John Lie, University of California, Berkeley Editorial Board: Eun-Su Cho, Seoul National University Hyaeweol Choi, Australian National University Theodore Hughes, Columbia University Eun-jeung Lee, Free University of Berlin Laura Nelson, University of California, Berkeley Andre Schmid, University of Toronto Jun Yoo, Yonsei University 1. Jinsoo An, Parameters of Disavowal: Colonial Representation in South Korean Cinema 2. Sungyun Lim, Rules of the House: Family Law and Domestic Disputes in Colonial Korea Rules of the House Family Law and Domestic Disputes in Colonial Korea Sungyun Lim UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS The publisher and the University of California Press Foundation gratefully acknowledge the generous support of the Philip E. Lilienthal Imprint in Asian Studies, established by a major gift from Sally Lilienthal. The publisher and the University of California Press Foundation also gratefully acknowledge the generous support of the Association for Asian Studies in making this book possible. University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Oakland, California © 2019 by Sungyun Lim Suggested citation: Lim, S. Rules of the House: Family Law and Domestic Disputes in Colonial Korea. Oakland: University of California Press, 2019. DOI: https://doi. org/10.1525/luminos.60 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND license. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Lim, Sungyun, 1977–author. Title: Rules of the house : family law and domestic disputes in colonial Korea / Sungyun Lim. Description: Oakland, California : University of California Press, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index. | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND license. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses. | Identifiers: LCCN 2018030657 (print) | LCCN 2018032111 (ebook) | ISBN 9780520972506 (ebook) | ISBN 9780520302525 (pbk. : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Women—Legal status, laws, etc.—Korea—20th century. | Domestic relations—Korea—20th century. | Korea—History—Japanese occupation, 1910–1945. Classification: LCC KPA2467.W65 (ebook) | LCC KPA2467.W65 L56 2018 (print) | DDC 346.51901/509041—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018030657 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents List of Illustrations vii Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 1. Widows on the Margins of the Family 16 2. Widowed Household Heads and the New Boundary of the Family 30 3. Arguing for Daughters’ Inheritance Rights 54 4. Conjugal Love and Conjugal Family on Trial 76 5. Consolidating the Household across the 1945 Divide 95 Conclusion 118 Chronology 123 Glossary 127 Notes 131 Bibliography 157 Index 169 Illustrations 1. Household register with a wife and a concubine 41 2. Household register with a concubine and daughter 42 3. Household register with a widow, daughter, and son-in-law 43 4. Diagram of the Yi Se-sŏn case 44 5. Diagram of the case where the widow refused to adopt an heir 51 6. Diagram of son-in-law adoption 62 7. Properly moderate wedding ceremony 70 8. Diagram of the Yi Sun-bong case 100 9. Example of name-change documentation 101 10. Example of name-change documentation 102 vii Acknowledgments In the long time it took me to complete this book, I have incurred intellectual and material debts to many. I am happy to acknowledge some of them here. I have benefited greatly from scholars who have generously provided academic guidance along the long trajectory of this project. First of all, I thank my teachers at Berkeley, whose teachings and influences I have come to appreciate more and more over the years. Andrew Barshay had the insight to see a project even before there was one and provided patient guidance. Irwin Scheiner taught me how to think with precision, while Wen-hsin Yeh inspired me to explore with imagination. Mizuno Naoki, formerly of the Center for Humanities at Kyoto University, was a generous and resourceful adviser during my research in Japan and provided criti- cal guidance in archival research. Lee Seung-yup supplied crucial help in gather- ing archival material used in this book. Jung Ji Young of Ewha Womans University has been the de facto mentor of the project from its inception and introduced me to relevant scholarship in Korea. John Duncan graciously hosted me at the UCLA Center for Korean Studies during my year as the Korea Foundation postdoctoral fellow. Namhee Lee, Chris Hanscom, and Jennifer Jung-Kim were generous to welcome me into their vibrant intellectual community. I presented earlier versions of the manuscript at various venues and received many invaluable comments. For this I thank the Center for Korean Studies at UC Berkeley, the Research Institute of Korean Studies at Korea University, the Nam Center for Korean Studies at the University of Michigan, the Center for East Asian Studies at the University of Chicago, the UCLA Center for Korean Studies, the Department of Women’s Studies at the University of Maryland–College Park, the Research Institute of Comparative History and Culture at Hanyang University, ix x Acknowledgments the Center for East Asian Studies at Stanford University, and multiple annual meetings of the Association for Asian Studies. I thank all who were present at these events, especially the panel organizers and discussants: Mike Shapiro, Jun Uchida, Kyu Hyun Kim, Ken Wells, Jun Yoo, Seung-kyung Kim, the late Nancy Abelmann, Sinwoo Lee, Hannah Lim, Tadashi Ishikawa, Susan Burns, Kyeong-hee Choi, Jooyeon Hahm, David Ambaras, Hong Yang-hee, and Yoshikawa Ayako. The History Department at the University of Colorado Boulder has been a warm and invigorating intellectual community to develop this project in, and its generous help and guidance has been crucial in completing the book. Marcia Yonemoto has been a wise mentor and a generous colleague and has answered many desperate calls for help in all matters personal and professional with utmost generosity. She has read and commented on multiple versions of this manuscript since its roughest stage and made it infinitely better. Many colleagues also kindly read and commented on earlier versions of the manuscript, many of them on numerous occasions. For this I thank Marjorie McIntosh; Mithi Mukherjee; John Willis; Céline Dauverd; Miriam Kingsberg Kadia; Fredy González; Liora Halperin, now of the University of Washington; Martha Hanna; Myles Osbourne; Samanthis Smalls; Henry Lovejoy; Lil Fenn; Peter Wood; and Vilja Hulden. Elissa Guralnick provided expert editing advice through three writing workshops that I was fortu- nate to be part of. I received helpful advice on earlier versions of the manuscript during the long revision process. First of all, I thank the faculty advisers and participants at the SSRC Korean Studies Junior Faculty Workshop for their helpful advice: the late Nancy Abelmann, Nicole Constable, Hae Yeon Choo, Jiyeon Kang, Jaeeun Kim, Seo Young Park, Deborah Solomon, Dafna Zur, and Maria Gillombardo. A manu- script workshop with the Global Korea series at the University of California Press also gave me the opportunity to receive timely advice during the last stage of the revision process. I thank the Academy of Korean Studies for funding the work- shop. I thank Barbara Molony and Jun Yoo for their invaluable comments. I thank John Lie for accepting this book to be part of his series. I also thank two anony- mous reviewers of the manuscript, whose insightful comments saved me from many errors. Any remaining errors are, of course, solely mine. Kathryn Ragsdale generously shared her talent through multiple revisions of the manuscript. Reed Malcolm, Archna Patel, and Francisco Reinking are credited for deftly moving the book through the publishing process. The Center for Korean Studies at the University of California, Berkeley, has provided a subsidy for this book to be included in the Luminos program, for which I am very thankful. The Japan Foundation Doctoral Research Fellowship funded the initial part of the research for this book. The Korea Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship and the Center for Humanities and the Arts Faculty Fellowship at the University of Colorado Boulder funded valuable time away from teaching, which was crucial to completing the book. Acknowledgments xi My friend Yi Soojung of the National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art in Korea generously shared her expertise in obtaining permission to use the cover image of this book. I also thank the copyright holders represented by Woonwoo Art Gallery for their permission to use this image. Chapter 4 of this book is a modified version of a previously published arti- cle, “Affection and Assimilation: Concubinage and the Ideal of Conjugal Love in Colonial Korea, 1922–1938,” Gender and History 28, no. 2 (2016): 461–79, and it is included here with the permission of the publisher. Lastly, my most heartfelt thanks go to my family. My late father has taught me the joy not only of intellectual pursuit but also of hiking, which has been a source of great joy and sanity.
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