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ÜSKÜDAR turizm rehberi ÜSKÜDAR tourism guide Yay›nlayan Üsküdar Belediyesi Bas›n Yay›n ve Halkla ‹liflkiler Müdürlü¤ü Municipality of Uskudar Press and Public Relation Office Publications Editörler - Edited by Ali Yeflildal Elif Uzun Aynur Altunbafl Sanat Yönetmeni - Art Director Yusuf Gör Tashih - Proofread Enes Acar Yap›m - Production ART Radikal Tan›t›m Foto¤raflar - Photograph Kenan Koca Üsküdar Arflivi sunufl presentation Y›lmaz Bayat ÜSKÜDAR BELED‹YE BAfiKANI The Mayor of Uskudar sunufl Üsküdar tarihiyle, do¤as›yla ve dünyaya mal olmufl eserleriyle, geçmifli nice as›rlara uzanan bir flehir. Dünyan›n gözde flehri ‹stanbul'un içinde bir inci k›ymetinde olan ve dünyaca tan›nan ender yerlerden biri olan Üsküdar, tan›nm›fll›¤›n›n ötesinde, sahip oldu¤u tarihi ve do¤al miras›n zenginli¤i ile de gelecek zamanlara daha modern daha ça¤dafl bir flehir halinde ilerleyecek.Tarihiyle, do¤as›yla, insanlar›yla geçmiflten bugüne bir çok medeniyete befliklik etmifl olan bu güzel beldenin do¤al miras›na sahip ç›karak gelece¤imize en güzel miras› b›rakma çabas› içindeyiz. Üsküdar'›n ad› her zaman hoflgörü ve cömertlikle an›lm›flt›r. Bunu sa¤layan geçmiflimizin duyarl›l›¤›n› bugün de gösterebilmek için hizmetlerimizde yard›mlaflmay› ve kaliteyi esas al›yoruz. K›zkulesinden Çaml›ca Tepesine, III. Ahmet Çeflmesinden Aziz Mahmut Hüdayi Dergah›na kadar, ‹stanbul'un en güzel seyredildi¤i yer olma özelli¤ini tafl›yan sahilinden, yeflilin her tonunu bünyesinde bar›nd›ran korular›na, park ve bahçelerine kadar, içinde bulundurdu¤u an›t a¤açlar›ndan e¤itim ve kültür merkezlerine kadar daha ad›n› sayamayaca¤›m›z bir çok eseri bünyesinde bar›nd›ran bir güzelli¤e ev sahipli¤i yapmaktan gurur duyuyoruz. ‹stanbul'un ihtiflam›n› içinde bar›nd›ran bu güzel beldenin keflfedilmesi gereken o kadar çok gizli hazineleri var ki. Hem maddi hem manevi aç›dan turizmin en do¤al olarak yaflanabildi¤i insanlara huzur veren bir flehrin baflkanl›¤›n› yapmak gerçekten büyük sorumluluk isteyen bir görevdir. On y›ld›r arkam›zda duran halk›m›z sayesinde flehrimize bir çok kal›c› eser yapma u¤rafl›nda bulunduk. fiairin Üsküdar'da yaflamay›, Üsküdar'da ölmeyi en hofl ve en uzun bir rüya olarak nitelendirdi¤i bu güzide flehir, her fleyin en iyisine ve en güzeline lay›k. Bu rehberin sayfalar›nda dolafl›rken sanat ve esteti¤in en güzel örneklerini bulabilece¤iniz kimilerine göre alt›n flehir, kimilerine göre hayal flehir olarak nitelendirilen Üsküdar'›n gezilmeye ve görülmeye de¤er bir çok eseri bünyesinde toplad›¤›n› göreceksiniz. Üsküdar'›m›z› dünya çap›nda bir marka yapmak için var gücümüzle çal›fl›yoruz. Hep en önde olmay› kendimize bir görev addettik. Bu duygular içerisinde hepinizi sevgi ve muhabbetle selaml›yorum. En güzel yar›nlar sizin olsun. presentation Üsküdar is a city which goes way back in centuries with its history, nature and works of art. Üsküdar which is valuable as a pearl in ‹stanbul and which has a global reputation, will advance into the future with its past and natural heritage as a more modern and more contemporary city. We make all the efforts to pass on the natural heritage of this beautiful area which has been the center of many civilizations with its history, nature and people. The name of Üsküdar has always been called upon with tolerance and generosity. Help and quality in our services are essential for us to demonstrate our sensitivity to our past. We are proud to be the hosts of this beauty which has, K›zkulesi, Çaml›ca Hill, the Fountain of Ahmet III, the Aziz Mahmut Hüdayi Dervish Lodge, its coast with the best views of ‹stanbul, its forests with all the shades of green, its parks and gardens, its monumental trees of centuries old and its educational and cultural centers. There are so many hidden treasures that need to be explored in this beautiful area which houses all the splendor of ‹stanbul. It is a very demanding duty with a lot of responsibilities to be the mayor of this city which makes people feel comfortable and offers moral and material tourism alternatives. We have tried to carry out various permanent works within the last ten years thanks to our citizens. This beautiful city, which the poet describes to live and die here as the nicest and longest dream, deserves the best and the most beautiful of everything. When you glance through the pages this guide, you will note that a lot of works of art which are the best examples of arts and aesthetics and worthy of visiting in Üsküdar, which is a dreamland for some, and golden city for others. We are doing our best to make our Üsküdar a world class brand. It is our mission to be ahead forever. I salute all of you with love and affection. May the best of future be yours. 6 tarihçe history Üsküdar ad›n› bir rivayete göre M.Ö.Vll. as›rda flehri kurmufl olan kahin Khryses’in k›z› Krhyseis’ten alm›flt›r. Di¤er bir rivayete göre ise Pers hakimiyeti zaman›nda Khrysos olarak isimlendirilen “alt›n” paradan alm›fl olmal›d›r.Bu isim Bizans tesiriyle Khrysopolis halini alm›flt›r. Antik Ça¤’da, imparatorlar›n deri kalkanl› muhaf›z flehirde yafl›yor olmas›nan dolay› “ham veya tabaklanm›fl deri” manas›na gelen “Scutari”isminin kullan›ld›¤› da bir baflka görüfltür Baflka bir rivayete göre de, Üsküdar ismi “Ulak” manas›na gelmekte olup, Farsça kökenli (Esküdar) olmas›na ra¤men “Scutari”ile tesadüfi bir ses uyumuna sahiptir.. M.Ö.410 tarihinden beri önemli bir yerleflim yeri olan flehir,Bizans döneminde Kad›köy’ün bir varoflu olarak kalm›fl olup, Müslüman Araplar›n ‹stanbul muhasaras›nda stratejik bir öneme kavuflmufltur. Hz. Peygamber (S.A.V.)”Kostantiniyye(‹stanbul), muhakkak feth olunacakt›r.Onun emiri ne güzel emirdir, askeri ne güzel askerdir.” Buyurmufltur. Bu hadis ilk halifeler zaman›ndan itibaren müslümanlar› ‹stanbul’u almaya teflvik etmifltir. Bu müjdenin iflaret etti¤i kumandan olma yar›fl›na giren ünlü ‹slam halifeleri ve kumandanlar›n›n haz›rlad›¤› ordulardan birine 672 tarihinde kat›lan Ebu Eyyüb el-Ensari de ‹stanbul muhasaras› s›ras›nda bir süre Üsküdar’da kalm›flt›r. Yine ayn› maksatlarla ‹slam ordusuyla flehre gelen Harun el-Reflit 806 tarihinde bir müddet burada konaklam›flt›r. Evliya Çelebi, Battal Gazi’nin Üsküdar’›n K›zkulesi’ne hakim biryerine çad›r›n› kurdu¤unu, 7sene burada kald›¤›n› ve ba¤ bahçe yetifltirdi¤ini kaydetmektedir. Osmanl› hükümdar› Orhan Gazi, muhtemelen 1352 tarihinde Venedikliler karfl›s›nda bozguna u¤rayan Cenevizlilerin yard›m istemesi üzerine Bizans’›n elinde bulunan flehri zaptetmifltir. ‹flte bu fetih bölgenin kal›c› bir flekilde Müslümanl›kla tan›flmas›na vesile olmufltur. Osmanl› devrinde bir liman ve yerleflme yeri olarak geliflen flehir, Asya taraf›na sevk edilen ordular›n teçhizat ve mühimmat ikmali yapt›¤› ilk konak yeridir. Fatih Sultan Mehmet, Akkoyunlu hükümdar› Uzun Hasan üzerine sefer düzenlerken, Yavuz Sultan Selim M›s›r seferine giderken ve Kanuni Sultan Süleyman da, Do¤u Seferine ç›karken bu gelene¤e uyarak ordugahlar›n› hep burada kurmufllard›. IV.Murat, Revan Seferi’ne ç›kt›¤› zaman burada konaklam›fl oldu¤u gibi,bu sefer dönüflünde de Üsküdar Saray›nda ikamet emifltir.(l635) Zorba isyan› s›ras›nda, Kand›ral› Zorba Mehmet bir ara Üsküdar’› ele geçirmifl olup,flehrin ya¤malanmas›na sebep olmufltur(1808).Bu isyan s›ras›nda Selimiye K›fllas›da y›k›lm›flt›r. Üsküdar’›n zaman içinde bugünkü iskele civar›ndan bafllayarak s›rtlara do¤ru geliflme gösterdi¤i Rum Mehmet Pafla, Kaptan Pafla ve Davut Pafla Camilerinden anlafl›lmaktad›r. Camilerin infla tarihlerine bakarak flehrin mahallelerinin kurulufl devrelerini k›smen de olsa tespit etmek mümkündür. Mesela, Mihrimah Sultan Külliyesi’nin 1547 tarihlerinde tamamlanm›fl olmas›, bu tarihlerde iskele civar›n›n flenlik bir yer oldu¤unu göstermektedir. Ekrem Hakk› Ayverdi’nin verdi¤i rakamlara göre XV.yüzy›l›n son çeyre¤inde Üsküdar ve çevresinde yaklafl›k 10.000 nüfus yaflamaktayd›. Barkan’›n XVI.yüzy›l›n ilk çeyre¤i için verdi¤i rakamlara göre ise 28.000 ila 40.000 aras›nda bir nüfus yaflamaktayd›. Bu yüzy›lda ‹stanbul Bo¤az› k›y›lar›ndan Karadeniz k›y›s›ndaki Yoros Kale’ye, Hereke’den ‹zmit’in güneyine kadar uzanan bir alana yay›lm›fl olan Üsküdar’›n toplam 27 köyü ve 15 mahallesi vard›. > Üsküdar Turizm Rehberi 7 Üsküdar got its name from soothsayer Khryses’s daughter Krhyseis according to a legend. According to another legend it should have taken it from the ‘’gold’’ coin named Khrysos during the Persian rule. This name transformed into Khrysopolis with the Byzantinian influence. Another view is that the name ‘’Scutari’’ was used meaning ‘’raw or tanned leather’’ since the emperors lived in cities protected with leather shields in the Antique Era. According t another view is that the name Üsküdar means ‘’Messenger’’, and although it is [Esküdar] in the Persian language, it has a coincidental rhyme with ‘’Scutari.’’ The city has been an important dwelling ¤lace since 410 BC, it was a suburb of Kad›köy in the Byzantinian era, and became strategically important during the siege of ‹stanbul by Muslim Arabs. The Prophet Mohammad said ‘’Kostantiniyye will be conquered. How beautiful is its ruler, how beautiful is its soldier.’’ This saying of His encouraged all the muslims to conquer ‹stanbul since the era of the first chalifs. In 672, Abu-Eyyub al-Ensari joined one of the armies of reputable Muslim chalifas and commanders who desired to be the commander designated in this saying and stayed for a while in Üsküdar during the siege of the city.
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    AN OTTOMAN GLOBAL MOMENT: WAR OF SECOND COALITION IN THE LEVANT A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In History By Kahraman Sakul, M.A Washington, DC November, 18, 2009 Copyright 2009 by Kahraman Sakul All Rights Reserved ii AN OTTOMAN GLOBAL MOMENT: WAR OF SECOND COALITION IN THE LEVANT Kahraman Sakul, M.A. Dissertation Advisor: Gabor Agoston, Ph.D. ABSTRACT This dissertation aims to place the Ottoman Empire within its proper context in the Napoleonic Age and calls for a recognition of the crucial role of the Sublime Porte in the War of Second Coalition (1798-1802). The Ottoman-Russian joint naval expedition (1798-1800) to the Ionian Islands under the French occupation provides the framework for an examination of the Ottoman willingness to join the European system of alliance in the Napoleonic age which brought the victory against France in the Levant in the War of Second Coalition (1798-1802). Collections of the Ottoman Archives and Topkapı Palace Archives in Istanbul as well as various chronicles and treatises in Turkish supply most of the primary sources for this dissertation. Appendices, charts and maps are provided to make the findings on the expedition, finance and logistics more readable. The body of the dissertation is divided into nine chapters discussing in order the global setting and domestic situation prior to the forming of the second coalition, the Adriatic expedition, its financial and logistical aspects with the ensuing socio-economic problems in the Morea, the Sublime Porte’s relations with its protectorate – The Republic of Seven United Islands, and finally the post-war diplomacy.
  • Bozyazı (Mersin) Ve Kuzey Kesiminin Tektono-Stratigrafisi 99

    Bozyazı (Mersin) Ve Kuzey Kesiminin Tektono-Stratigrafisi 99

    S.Ü. Müh.-Mim. Fak. Derg., c.23, s.1-2, 2007 J. Fac.Eng.Arch. Selcuk Univ., v.23, n.1-2, 2007 BOZYAZI (MERSİN) VE KUZEY KESİMİNİN TEKTONO-STRATİGRAFİSİ Ahmet TURAN, Selçuk Üniv, Müh.-Mim. Fakültesi, Jeoloji Müh. Böl., KONYA ÖZET: Toros kuşağında ‘’Alanya metamorfitleri’’ veya ‘’Alanya Birliği’’ olarak tanınan şistik kayalar, Bozyazı ve yakın çevresinin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu metamorfiklerin alt bölümünde, yüksek basınç metamorfizması gösteren Sugözü Napı yer alır. Oluşumunu Geç Kretase’de tamamlayan Sugözü birimi, metakuvarsit ve mermer ara katkılı granatlı mikaşistler, amfibolit şistler, fillitler ile mermer- rekristalize kireçtaşı, metagabro, metadiyabaz ve metaserpantinit bloklarını kapsar. Bölgenin üst metamorfik dilimi ise, yeşil şist fasiyesinde metamorfizma geçiren Yumrudağı Napı’dır. Kalkşist- mikaşist ara katkılı mermerler ile rekristalize karbonatlardan yapılmış Permiyen yaşlı Cebelireis formasyonu, Yumrudağı Napı’nın çalışma alanında yüzeyleyen alt bölümüne karşılık gelmektedir. Bu metamorfik naplar ise bölgede çok silik başkalaşım izleri taşıyan flişoitler tarafından, açılı uyumsuzlukla örtülürler. Geç Paleosen-Eosen yaşlı bu flişoidler; çakıltaşı, kumtaşı, çamurtaşı, marn ve killi kireçtaşlarından oluşmaktadırlar. Yukarıda özetlenen Alanya Birliği kayaları üzerine, önemli bir tektonik dokanaktan sonra, Toroslar’da ‘’Hadim Napı’’ veya ‘’Aladağ Birliği’’ olarak bilinen tektono-stratigrafik dilim gelir. Hadim Napı en altta resifal kireçtaşı mercekleri kapsayan kuvarsit ve şeyllerden ibaret olan Üst Devoniyen istifi ile
  • Identification of Banana Accessions Sampled from Subtropical Region of Turkey Using Srap Markers

    Identification of Banana Accessions Sampled from Subtropical Region of Turkey Using Srap Markers

    270 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 21 (No 2) 2015, 270–276 Agricultural Academy IDENTIFICATION OF BANANA ACCESSIONS SAMPLED FROM SUBTROPICAL REGION OF TURKEY USING SRAP MARKERS H. PINAR,1 A. UZUN2*, M. UNLU1, M. BIRCAN1, O. GULSEN2, C. YILMAZ3 and H. GUBBUK4 1 Alata Horticultural Research Station, Mersin, Turkey 2 Erciyes University Department of Horticulture, Kayseri, Turkey 3 Osmangazi University Department of Horticulture, Eskisehir, Turkey 4 Akdeniz University Department of Horticulture, Antalya, Turkey Abstract PINAR, H., A. UZUN, M. UNLU, M. BIRCAN, O. GULSEN, C. YILMAZ and H. GUBBUK, 2015. Identifi cation of banana accessions sampled from subtropical region of Turkey using srap markers. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 21: 270–276 This study was conducted to estimate genetic relationships and natural somatic mutations among selected banana geno- types from different region of Turkey via SRAP molecular markers. Ninety-six banana genotypes including 39 ‘Dwarf Caven- dish’, 18 ‘Grande Nain’, 28 ‘Azman’ and 11 other bananas were evaluated. A total of 102 bands were obtained from 19 SRAP primer combinations and 86 (85.5%) of them were polymorphic. Number of bands per primer combination was 5.3 whereas polymorphic bands per primer combinations were 4.5. Genetic similarity of 96 accessions varied between 0.63–1.00. It was determined genetic variation among the accessions which may allow new selections for breeding programs. Considerable variation was also found among genotypes within the same banana cultivar and it was very important for banana breeding and germplasm evaluation. It can be concluded that SRAP markers could readily be used to estimate genetic relationhips among banana genotypes and natural somatic mutations.