In the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
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Case: 11-3277 Document: 003110974892 Page: 1 Date Filed: 08/01/2012 IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT CASE NO. 11-3277 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. MARK A. CIAVARELLA, JR., Appellant APPEAL FROM THE JUDGMENT OF CONVICTION ENTERED ON AUGUST 11, 2011, IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE MIDDLE DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA BY THE HONORABLE EDWIN M. KOSIK, AT CRIMINAL NO. 3:09-CR-272-02 BRIEF OF APPELLEE PETER J. SMITH UNITED STATES ATTORNEY By: GORDON A.D. ZUBROD MICHAEL A. CONSIGLIO WILLIAM S. HOUSER ASSISTANT U.S. ATTORNEYS Ronald Reagan Federal Building 228 Walnut Street P.O. Box 11754 Harrisburg, PA 17108-1754 717-221-4482 Case: 11-3277 Document: 003110974892 Page: 2 Date Filed: 08/01/2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES . iii STATEMENT OF JURISDICTION. 1 STATEMENT OF ISSUES AND STANDARDS OF REVIEW.. 2 STATEMENT OF THE CASE. 4 STATEMENT OF FACTS. 6 STATEMENT OF RELATED CASES.. 18 SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT.. 19 ARGUMENT.. 24 THE DISTRICT COURT PROPERLY DENIED CIAVARELLA’S MOTION FOR RECUSAL. 24 THE COURT DID NOT ABUSE ITS DISCRETION BY EXCLUDING EVIDENCE OF A PURPORTED ADMISSION BY GOVERNMENT COUNSEL. 37 THE DISTRICT COURT DID NOT ABUSE ITS DISCRETION BY LIMITING CROSS- EXAMINATION. 43 THE COURT DID NOT ABUSE ITS DISCRETION BY ADMITTING EVIDENCE OF CIAVARELLA’S FAILURE TO RECUSE HIMSELF FROM CASES INVOLVING MERICLE AND POWELL.. 47 i Case: 11-3277 Document: 003110974892 Page: 3 Date Filed: 08/01/2012 CIAVARELLA’S MAILINGS OF FRAUDULENT STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL INTEREST WERE EXECUTIONS OF AN HONEST SERVICES MAIL FRAUD SCHEME. 49 THE EVIDENCE WAS SUFFICIENT TO SUPPORT THE GUILTY VERDICTS ON RACKETEERING, RACKETEERING CONSPIRACY, HONEST SERVICES MAIL FRAUD AND MONEY LAUNDERING CONSPIRACY. 51 THE RACKETEERING, HONEST SERVICES MAIL FRAUD (COUNT 7), RACKETEERING CONSPIRACY AND MONEY LAUNDERING CONSPIRACY CHARGES ARE NOT TIME-BARRED. 56 THE DISTRICT COURT SUFFICIENTLY WEIGHED THE CREDIBILITY OF TRIAL WITNESSES AND EVIDENCE AT SENTENCING AND THE COURT’S FINDINGS RESULTED IN A SUBSTANTIVELY REASONABLE SENTENCE.. 61 CONCLUSION. 66 CERTIFICATE OF COUNSEL CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE IDENTICAL PDF & HARD COPY CERTIFICATE VIRUS SCAN CERTIFICATE CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE ii Case: 11-3277 Document: 003110974892 Page: 4 Date Filed: 08/01/2012 TABLE OF AUTHORITIES FEDERAL CASES Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000). 61 Cheney v. United States District Court for the District of Columbia, 541 U.S. 913 (2004). 36 Community Bank of Northern Virginia, 418 F.3d 277 (3d Cir. 2005). 25 Davis v. C.I.R., 734 F.2d 1302 (8th Cir. 1984). 26 Delaware v. Fernsterer, 474 U.S. 15 (1985). 46, 47 Delaware v. Fensterer, 474 U.S. 15 (1985). 47 Delaware v. VanArsdall, 475 U.S. 673 (1986). 44, 47 Fiswick v. United States, 329 U.S. 211 (1946). 57 Gall v. United States, 552 U.S. 38 (2007). 65 Glasser v. United States, 315 U.S. 60 (1942). 3 Hoots v. Pennsylvania, 703 F.2d 722 (3d Cir. 1983). 63 iii Case: 11-3277 Document: 003110974892 Page: 5 Date Filed: 08/01/2012 Johnson v. Trueblood, 629 F.2d 287 (3d Cir. 1980). 2 Kensington International Ltd., 353 F.3d 211 (3d Cir. 2003). 25 Kimbrough v. United States, 552 U.S. 85 (2007). 65 Liteky v. United States, 510 U.S. 540 (1994). 24, 25, 32, 30 Microsoft Corp. v. United States, 530 U.S. 1301 (2000). 36 Pivirotto v. Innovative Systems, Inc., 191 F.3d 344 (3d Cir. 1999). 38 Rhoades, Inc. v. United Air Lines, Inc., 340 F.2d 481 (3d Cir. 1965). 38 Salinas v. United States, 522 U.S. 52 (1997). 55 Skilling v. United States, 130 S. Ct. 2896 (2010). 49, 50 United States v. Bansal, 663 F.3d 634 (3d Cir. 2011). 2 United States v. Bertoli, 40 F.3d 1384 (3d Cir. 1994). 24 United States v. Bethancourt, 65 F.3d 1074 (3d Cir. 1995). 63 iv Case: 11-3277 Document: 003110974892 Page: 6 Date Filed: 08/01/2012 United States v. Bobb, 471 F.3d 491 (3d Cir. 2006). 2, 3 United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220 (2005). 62 United States v. Cooper, 437 F.3d 324 (3d Cir. 2006). 65 United States v. Covert, 45 Fed. Appx. 100, 101 (3d Cir. 2002).. 26 United States v. Grier, 475 F.3d 556 (3d Cir. 2007). 3, 62 United States v. Grinnell Corp., 384 U.S. 563 (1966).. 25 United States v. Jake, 281 F.3d 123 (3d Cir. 2002). 57 United States v. Johnson, 165 F.2d 42 (3d Cir. 1947). 57 United States v. Karlin, 785 F.2d 90 (3d Cir. 1986). 3, 56 United States v. Kole, 164 F.3d 164 (3d Cir. 1998). 63 United States v. Matthews, 773 F.2d 48 (3d Cir. 1985). 64 United States v. McKeon, 738 F.2d 26 (2d Cir. 1984). 38 v Case: 11-3277 Document: 003110974892 Page: 7 Date Filed: 08/01/2012 United States v. Oliva, 46 F.3d 320 (3d Cir.1995).. 3, 56 United States v. Pearlstein, 576 F.2d 531 (3d Cir. 1978). 48 United States v. Salerno, 937 F.2d 797 (2d Cir. 1991). 38 United States v. Silveus, 542 F.3d 993 (3d Cir.2008).. 2 United States v. Vampire Nation, 451 F.3d 189 (3d Cir. 2006). 25 United States v. Watts, 519 U.S. 148 (1997). 63 FEDERAL STATUTES 26 U.S.C. § 7206(1).. 5 28 U.S.C. § 1291. 1 18 U.S.C. §§ 1341. 5 18 U.S.C. § 1346. 4, 50 18 U.S.C. § 1956(h).. 5 18 U.S.C. § 1962(c).. 5 18 U.S.C. § 1962(d).. 5 18 U.S.C. §3231. 1 18 U.S.C. § 371. 5 vi Case: 11-3277 Document: 003110974892 Page: 8 Date Filed: 08/01/2012 STATEMENT OF JURISDICTION The District Court had subject matter jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3231. This Court has appellate jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291. Case: 11-3277 Document: 003110974892 Page: 9 Date Filed: 08/01/2012 STATEMENT OF ISSUES AND STANDARDS OF REVIEW Appellant’s issues I, II, III, and IV relating to whether the district court erred when it denied Ciavarella’s motion for recusal, when it excluded evidence of a purported admission by government counsel, when it limited his cross- examination, and when it admitted evidence of Ciavarella’s failure to recuse himself from cases involving Mericle and Powell, are reviewed for abuse of discretion. See Johnson v. Trueblood, 629 F.2d 287, 290 (3d Cir. 1980)(recusal motion); United States v. Bobb, 471 F.3d 491, 497 (3d Cir. 2006)(evidentiary rulings); United States v. Silveus, 542 F.3d 993, 1005 (3d Cir.2008)(limitation on cross-examination). Issue V, whether Ciavarella’s mailings of fraudulent Statements of Financial Interest were executions of an honest services mail fraud scheme, a challenge to sufficiency of the indictment, is subject to plenary review. United States v. Bansal, 663 F.3d 634, 656 (3d.