Index

Numerics Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), 1052–1053 admin password, SOHO network, 16-bit Windows applications, 771–776, 985, 1011–1012 900, 902 Administrative Tools window, 1081–1083, 32-bit (x86) architecture, 124, 562, 769 1175–1176 64-bit (x64) architecture, 124, 562, 770–771 administrative tools, Windows, 610 administrator account, 1169–1170 A Administrators group, 1171 ADSL (Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Absolute Software LoJack feature, 206 Line), 1120 AC (alternating current), 40 Advanced Attributes window, NTFS AC adapters, 311–312, 461, 468–469 partitions, 692 Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP), 58 Advanced Computing Environment (ACE) accelerated video cards (graphics initiative, 724 accelerator cards), 388 Advanced Confi guration and Power access points, wireless, 996, 1121 Interface (ACPI) standard, 465 access time, hard drive, 226 Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) card, access tokens, 1146–1147 391–392 Account Operators group, 1172 Advanced Graphics Port (AGP) port, 105 ACE (Advanced Computing Environment) Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI), initiative, 724 212–213 ACPI (Advanced Confi guration and Power Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), 141–144 Interface) standard, 465 Advanced Packaging Tool (APT), 572 Action Center, 1191–1192 Advanced Power Management (APM) Active Directory Database, 1145–1146, 1183 standard, 465 active heat sink, 150 Advanced Programmable Interrupt active matrix display, LCD (thin-fi lm Controller (APIC), 374 transistor (TFT) display), 470 Advanced RISC Computing Specifi cation active partition, 267, 269 (ARC), 724–725 Active Server Pages (ASP), 1097 Advanced Sharing Settings, Network and actuator arm (head positioning Sharing Center, 1078–1079 mechanism), hard drive, 223 Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA), ad hoc mode, 997, 998 51–52 adapter cards, 54 COPYRIGHTEDadware, MATERIAL 1140–1141 adapter unit interface (AUI) port, 962 Aero Desktop, 568, 607, 826 adaptive format exams, 10–11 AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port), 58 Ad-Aware, 1207 AGP (Advanced Graphics Port) card, Add Printer Wizard, 421–423, 427–428, 391–392 1073–1074 AGP (Advanced Graphics Port) port, 105 add-ons, IE, 1114 AGP bus architecture, 105–106 address bus, CPU, 119–120

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12351235 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1236 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

AHCI (Advanced Host Controller Interface), installing, 763–765 212–213 multitasking, 767–768 AIK (Automated Installation Kit), 619 versus programs, 762 airfl ow, 509–512 removing, 765–767 Alerter service, 821 troubleshooting, 791 alkaline battery, 462 Windows compatibility modes for, allocation unit (storage unit), 786–788 fi le system, 261 XP Mode in Windows 7, 788–791 alphanumeric keys, keyboard, 350 APT (Advanced Packaging Tool), 572 alternate IP address, 1042 ARC (Advanced RISC Computing alternating current (AC), 40 Specifi cation), 724–725 AMD (Advanced Micro Devices), 141–144 architectures. See also bus architectures amps (amperes), 300 for networking, 967–970 AMR (Audio/Modem Riser) bus of Windows, 585–586 architecture, 107–108 archive bit, 1154–1155 analog audio connector, 342 Archive fi le attribute, 679–680 analog display, 394 ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), analog multimeter, 528–529 1052–1053 Andreessen, Marc, 1105 ARPANET, 1093–1094 Android OS, 492 artifacts, visual, 398 antimalware software, 1215 ASP (Active Server Pages), 1097 antistatic mat, 530 ASP (application service providers), 1097 antivirus software, 494, 1194, 1203–1205, ASR (Automatic System Recovery) in 1211, 1215 Windows, 931–933 API (application programming associations, 665 interface), 608 Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line APIC (Advanced Programmable Interrupt (ADSL), 1120 Controller), 374 asynchronous modem, 59 APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing), AT connector (DIN keyboard connector), 1042–1044, 1062 82, 351 APM (Advanced Power Management) ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment), standard, 465 51–52 Apple iOS, 492 ATA (EIDE/Advanced Technology Apple Macintosh HyperCard, 1105 Attachment)-2 standard, 230–231 application layer protocols, 1098 ATAPI (ATA Packet Interface), 231 Application log, Event Viewer, 854 Athlon 64/Athlon 64 X2 processors, 143 application programming interface Athlon processors, 142 (API), 608 Athlon XP processors, 142–143 application service providers (ASP), 1097 attachments, e-mail, 1099 application source, mobile device, 492 attrib command, 689–691 applications. See also MS-DOS–based attrib.exe command, 689–691, 713–714 applications attributes, fi le 16-bit Windows, 771–776 setting, 688–692 32-bit Windows, 769 storage of, 677–678 64-bit Windows, 770–771 Windows NTFS extended attributes, errors, 901–903 680–688

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12361236 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1237

ATX main power connector, 304–306 bar code reader, 365 ATX motherboards, 97–99 bare listing, 702 ATX power connectors, 87–88 barrel connectors, 340–341 ATX power supply, 302 BartPE, 939–940 audio port, 68 baseband transmission, 967 Audio/Modem Riser (AMR), 107–108 basic disks, Windows, 270–272, 624 audio/video-editing system, 576–577 basic input-output system. See BIOS auditing, 1183–1185, 1194 Basic Service Set Identifi er (BSSID), 998 AUI (adapter unit interface) port, 962 basic-rate ISDN, 1120 authentication, 1144–1148 batteries, disposing of, 42 authorization, 1149–1150 batteries, laptop autodetect mode, network cards, 1080 alkaline, 462 autoexec.nt fi le, 780 changing, 464 Automated Installation Kit (AIK), 619 CMOS, 462 Automated System Recovery Wizard, handling, 463 932–933 lithium-ion (Li-Ion), 462 Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA), on motherboards, 76–77 1042–1044, 1062 nickel-cadmium (NiCad), 462 automatic switching, 301 nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), 462 Automatic System Recovery (ASR) in overview, 460, 520–521 Windows, 931–933 performance of, 463 power-management features for, 464–468 B types of, 462 Battery Act in 1996, 42 See Baby AT motherboards, 95–96 baud rate. speed background printing, 425 Baudot, Jean Maurice Emile, 548 background services, 1108 Bayonet-Neill-Concelman (BNC) connector, back-probing connectors, 552 334–335, 960–961 BackTrack, 1019 BCD (Boot Confi guration Database), Backup Job Information window, 923 730, 877 Backup Operators group, 1172 BD-R (Blu-ray disc recordable), 254 backup selections (BKS) fi le, 923 BD-RE (Blu-ray disc recordable Backup utility, 921–927 erasable), 254 backups BD-Rs (Blu-ray disc recordables), 254 ASR, 931 BEDO (burst extended data output) for disaster recovery, 921–926 memory, 164 overview, 1154–1155 beep codes, POST, 536–537 tape rotation and offsite storage, 1156 Berners-Lee, Tim, 1104, 1106 testing, 1156 best-effort delivery services, 1098 before troubleshooting, 20–21 bidirectional communication, 322 backward compatibility, 770 biometric device, 365 bad memory, 895 biometrics, 1144–1145 badges, authentication, 1147 BIOS Balanced Technology eXtended (BTX) backing up, 20–21 motherboard form factor, 100 BIOS chip, 75 chip on motherboards, 75–76

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12371237 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1238 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

BIOS (continued) boot manager, 729, 876 CMOS settings for, 208 boot order, 1159 component information, 195 Boot order setting, BIOS, 618 overview, 55–56 boot partition, 722 and physical security, 1142 boot process purpose of, 189–191 CMOS settings for, 202–203 ROM and, 159 and memory management, 730–733 security with, 1167–1168 Windows 7, 729–730 troubleshooting, 539 Windows Vista, 729–730 upgrading, 191–193 for Windows XP, 722–729 BIOS chip, 75, 190 bootable CD/DVD, installing Windows Bit Locker, 1157 using, 618 BitLocker drive encryption, 607 bootable Windows PE disc, 620–621 Bitmap fonts, 780 booting errors BKS (backup selections) fi le, 923 auto-restart errors, 893–896 BlackBerry Desktop Manager, 497 blank screen on boot, 898–899 BlackBerry OS, 492 blue screen errors, 896–898 black-hat hackers, 1132 hangs, with no error, 881–882 blackout, 312 incorrect boot device, 874 blanking plate, 480 missing boot fi les, 874–879 blowhole, 511 no operating system found, 874 blue screen of death (BSOD), 289, 399, SCSI issues, 874 896–898 system lockup, 899–900 Bluetooth, 477, 497, 1016–1017 boot.ini fi le Blu-ray disc recordable (BD-R), 254 ARC pathnames, 724–726 Blu-ray disc recordable erasable error messages involving, 874 (BD-RE), 254 missing boot fi les, 876 Blu-ray disc recordables (BD-Rs), 254 bootmgr, 729, 876 Blu-ray discs, 253–254 boot/rescue disk, 535 BM POST codes, 536–537 bridges, 976–977 BNC (Bayonet-Neill-Concelman) connector, British Naval Connector (BNC) connector, 334–335, 960–961 960, 961 BNC (British Naval Connector) connector, broadcasting, SSID, 1195. See also SSID 960, 961 broadcasting BNC-T connector, 961–962 brownout, 313 body, network packet, 1186 browse master, 1084 Boot Confi guration Database (BCD), browser, web, 1045, 1105 730, 877 brute force attacks, 1135 boot devices BSD sockets, 1098 controlling in CMOS, 1168 BSD Unix, 572 disabling, 1143 BSOD (blue screen of death), 289, 399, boot disks 896–898 creating, 875 BSSID (Basic Service Set Identifi er), 998 for disaster recovery, 909–910 BTX (Balanced Technology eXtended) Boot from network setting, BIOS, 618 motherboard form factor, 100

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12381238 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1239

buffer overfl ow attacks, 1139 cache memory burst extended data output (BEDO) for CPUs, 120–121 memory, 164 disabling, 210–211 bus architectures Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) and, AGP, 105–106 229 AMR, 107–108 levels, 174–176 CNR, 107–108 on motherboards, 71–72 EISA, 102–103 motherboard’s performance and, 109 ISA, 101–102 static RAM (SRAM), 161 MCA, 102 viewing with CPU-Z, 176 miniPCI, 108 Cacti tool, 519 miniPCI Express, 108 camcorders, 455 PCI, 104 cameras PCI Express, 106–107 codecs and, 452 PCI-X, 106 resolution for, 448 PCMCIA, 104–105 uploading pictures from, 449–450 VESA, 103 video, 451–452 Bus Enumerator, Plug and Play process, web, 450–451 752–753 zooming with, 448–449 bus mastering, 102 capacitive keyboard, 350 bus slots, 77–78, 100 card readers, laptop, 481 bus topology, 951–953 carriage-and-belt system, printer, 415 buses, 52, 57 Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Business edition, Windows Vista, 564 Avoidance (CSMA/CA) network access method, 965–966 C cases, preventive maintenance for, 515–516 categories, UTP, 958 cable Internet, 1119–1120 cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor, 40, 43, cable testers, 534, 964, 981 385, 392–393 cables CCD (charge-coupled device), 444–445 adapters for, 340–342 CD (compact disc), 251–253 coaxial, 327–328, 959–962 CD Recordable (CDR), 252 and EMI, 965 CD ReWritable (CD-RW), 252 fi ber optic, 328, 963–964, 1121 CDFS (Compact Disc File System), 626 for IDE devices, 233–234 CDR (CD Recordable), 252 lockdown, 521, 1143–1144 CD-ROM drives, 484, 519, 543, 1068 null modem cable, 339–340 CD-RW (CD ReWritable), 252 orientation of, 328–330 Celeron processors, 135–136 parallel cable, 338–339 cellular Internet, 1122 See and plenum, 965 central processing unit. CPU ribbon, 325 centralized administration model, 948–949 for SCSI devices, 242–243 Centronics connectors, 332–333 serial cable, 339 CERN (Conseil Européen pour la standards for, 958–959 Recherche Nucléaire [European twisted pair, 326–327, 957–958 Council for Nuclear Research]), 1095 CF (CompactFlash) cards, 255–256

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CFX v1.3 (compact form factor) form installing Windows, 626 factor, 309 memory, 198–199 CGA (Color Graphics Adapter), 324, 387 onboard cache, 210–211 Change permission, 1067 optical drive, 197 charge-coupled device (CCD), 444–445 overview, 56, 193–195 chdir command, 704–705 parallel port, 199–201 Check Disk utility, 292–293, 837–839, 941 passwords, 203–205, 1143 checksum information, 1186 physically securing systems, 1167–1168 chemicals, cleaning, 508 Plug and Play BIOS, 206 chip extractor, 34 reserve resources, 213 chip inserter, 35 Save & Restore utility, 205 chip packaging, 125–128 serial ports, 201 chipset, motherboard, 72–75 troubleshooting, 539 Chkdsk command, 289 USB, 208–209 chkdsk.exe command, 711–712 virtualization support, 211 cipher.exe command, 684–685 virus protection, 209–210 classes, IP address, 1036–1038 CMOS RAM (complementary metal-oxide classes of devices on Bluetooth semiconductor RAM), 161 networks, 1016 CNR (Communication and Network Riser) clean memory location, RAM, 732 bus architecture, 107–108 cleaning blade, laser printer, 409 codec (compression/ decompression) cleaning computer, 41, 508 software, 451 cleartext transfer protocol. See HTTP codecs, 452 client access protocols, e-mail, 1101 cold boot, 68 Client for Microsoft Networks, 1031–1032 cold swapping, 753 client isolation, wireless networks, 1008 collision detection, 966 Client Service for NetWare, 1031 Color Graphics Adapter (CGA), 324, 387 clients, 26–30, 947, 996, 1108, 1110 color inkjet printers, 413 client-server (server-based) networks, color LCD, 470 949–950 colors, video adapter, 389–390 Cloud connection, 497 combo card, 363 clusters, 224, 262, 264 command line cmd.exe, 697–699 attrib.exe command, 713–714 CMOS chdir command, 704–705 AHCI settings, 212–213 chkdsk.exe command, 711–712 battery, 462 copy command, 706 BIOS date, 208 defrag.exe command, 711 boot sequence, 202–203 del command, 709 built-in diagnostics and monitoring, 212 dir command, 699–704 built-in network adapter, 209 diskcomp.com command, 710 CPU clock speeds, 198 diskcopy.com command, 710 date and time, 202 diskpart.exe command, 714–715 drive encryption support, 206 fc.exe command, 710 fl oppy disk drive, 197–198 format.com command, 715 GUID, 207 help command, 716 hard drive, 196–197

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12401240 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1241

mkdir command, 704 computer browser, 1084 move command, 709 Computer Browser service, 821 ren command, 709 Computer Management, 850–851 rmdir command, 705 Computer Management console, robocopy.exe command, 707–708 1168–1169, 1172–1173 setting attributes via, 688–691 computer name, 623, 1075 shutdown.exe command, 712–713 config.nt fi le, 780 using cmd.exe, 697–699 connectors using command.com, 697–699 BNC, 334–335 ver command, 716 Centronics, 332–333 for Windows, 596–597 coaxial cabling, 960–962 xcopy command, 706 DB-15, 332 commit charge memory, 799 DB-25, 332 Communication and Network Riser DB-9, 331 (CNR), 108 fi ber optic cabling, 964 communications (COM) port (serial IBM Type 1, 330–331 ports), 78–79 IEEE 1394, 337–338 compact disc (CD), 251–253 keyboard/mouse, 81–82 Compact Disc File System (CDFS), 626 for memory, 178 compact disc–read-only memory. See multimedia, 342–344 CD-ROM drives power supply, 304–309 compact form factor (CFX v1.3) form printer, 415–419 factor, 309 PS/2, or mini-DIN 6, 335 CompactFlash (CF) cards, 255–256 RJ-11, 333 Compatibility Mode, 609, 786–788 RJ-45, 334 complementary metal-oxide troubleshooting, 537 semiconductor. See CMOS twisted pair cabling, 958 complementary metal-oxide USB, 335–337 semiconductor RAM (CMOS RAM), 161 for video adapters, 387–388 compliance, data, 1158 Conseil Européen pour la Recherche compliance failures, 902–903 Nucléaire [European Council for Component Object Model (COM) Nuclear Research] (CERN), 1095 components, 851 Content Advisor, 1113 Component Services, 851–852 continuous form feeders, printer, 408 components. See specifi c component by Contributor permission level, 1069 name Control Panel, Windows, 597–601, 610–611, Compress attribute, NTFS, 680–682 1171 compression/ decompression (codec) conventional memory, 781–782 software, 451 cookies, 1112–1113 compression utilities, fi le extensions for, cooling fan, processor, 149 673–674 cooling systems, CPU, 54–55, 148–149 CompTIA A+ Exam 220-801, 11 cooperative multitasking, 767–768 CompTIA A+ Exam 220-802, 11–12 Co-owner permission level, 1069 Computer (My Computer), Windows, copying fi les, 1181 593–595 counters, System Monitor, 803–805

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CPU cursor keys, keyboard, 350 32-bit architecture, 124 cylinders, 224–225 64-bit architecture, 124 CYMK ink cartridges, inkjet printer, 413 address bus, 119–120 cache memory, 120–121 D chip packaging, 125–128 CMOS settings for, 198 DAC (digital-to-analog converter), 386 cooling, 148–150 daemons, 1108 data bus, 118 daily backups, 925 defi ned, 68 daisy chaining, 84, 200, 246, 402 hyperthreading, 122–123 DARPA (Defense Advanced Research installing, 144–148 Projects Agency), 1093–1094 integrated GPU, 124 DAT (Digital Audio Tape) drive, 257 Intel chips, 131–141 data bus, CPU, 118 math co-processor, 121 data encryption, 1157 MMX, 122 data skew, 416 on motherboards, 68–70 Data Sources, 864–866 multicore, 123–124 daughter board, 53 non-Intel chips, 141–144 DB (D-shell connector), 338 overclocking, 125 DB-9 connectors, 331 overview, 50–51 DB-15 connectors, 332 performance of, 150 DB-25 connectors, 332 protected-mode, 122 DB25-female (parallel port) port, 80 real-mode, 122 DB25-male serial port, 79 registers, 120 DB9-male serial port, 79 socket type, 128–131, 144–145 DC (direct current), 40 speed, 118 DC adapters, 312 system requirements for Microsoft DDR (double data rate) memory, 165–166 Windows, 566 DDS (Digital Data Storage) standard, 257 throttling, 125 DD-WRT, 1008 troubleshooting, 540 default gateway, 1039, 1057 virtualization support, 124 Defense Advanced Research Projects voltage for, 145 Agency (DARPA), 1093–1094 VRM, 125 defi nitions, virus, 1205–1206 CPU-Z, viewing memory type with, 166, 176 defrag.exe command, 711, 835–837 crash dump fi les, 857, 883 defragmenting, 836–837 Create a Homegroup Wizard, 1077 degaussing (discoloration), 399 crimper, 534 degaussing tool, destroying hard drive cross-linked fi le, 839 with, 1153 crosstalk, 326, 416 del command, 705, 709, 919 CRT (cathode ray tube) monitor, 40, 43, deleting damaged shortcuts, 901 385, 392–393 Demilitarized Zone (DMZ ), 1007–1008, cscript.exe fi le, 862 1015, 1188 CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/ demodulation, 59 Collision Avoidance) network access denial of service (DoS) attacks, 1135–1136 method, 965–966

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12421242 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1243

deny permission, 1181 digital versatile discs (DVD), 253 Department of Defense (DoD), 1093 digital video (DV) format, 452 desktop PCs, installing memory on, digital video interface (DVI) connectors, 179–180 344, 388–389 destroying data, 1152–1154 digital visual interface (DVI) port, 324 DET (Directory Entry Table), 275–276 digital zoom (virtual zoom), camera, 449 Details view, Windows, 594 digital-to-analog converter (DAC), 386 device drivers dim image, 399 installing, 754–755 DIMMs (dual inline memory modules), keyboard, 351 70–71, 168–169 loading, 739–746 DIN keyboard connector (AT connector), 82 removing, 749–750 DIN-5 keyboard connector, 324, 352–353 troubleshooting, 900–901 DIP (dual inline package) chip, 72, 93, 126 Device Manager DIP switches, 92–93 accessing in Windows 7, 747 dir command, 699–704 accessing resource settings, 745 direct current (DC), 40 Computer Management, 850 direct memory access (DMA), 376–378 installing network adapter, 1027–1028 Directory Entry Table (DET), 275–276 removing device drivers, 749–750 DirectX Diagnostic Tool, 860 removing devices referenced to in dirty memory location, RAM, 732 startup, 879–880 disable command, Recovery Console, 920 Device Manager (devmgmt.msc), 848–849 disabled accounts, 1170 dfrg.msc command, 835–837 disaster recovery DHCP ASR in Windows, 931–933 overview, 1041–1042 backing up for, 921–926 planning TCP/IP settings, 1053 boot disks for, 909–910 purpose of, 1055 Emergency Repair Process, 917–919 service in Windows, 1083 ERD, 916–917 for SOHO networks, 1010–1011 F8 options during boot-up, 910–916 for wireless networks, 1008 following improper shutdown, 914–916 diagnostics, 212 and preventative maintenance, 941 dialup connection, 1081 recovery CDs, 933–934 dial-up Internet, 1119 Recovery Console for, 919–920 dictionary attacks, 1134–1135 recovery images, 934 differential backups, 924, 1155 recovery partitions, 933–934 digital audio connector, 343 rescue CDs, 934–940 Digital Audio Tape (DAT) drive, 257 rescue installations, 940 digital certifi cates, SSL, 1150 rescue partitions, 940 Digital Data Storage (DDS) standard, 257 restore points in Windows, 927–931 digital display, 394 restoring from backup, 926–927 digital infrared thermometers, 532 discoloration (degaussing), 399 digital multimeter, 528–529 Disk Cleanup utility, 293–294, 820 digital security, 1159–1160 disk component, ARC, 725 Digital Signal Processor (DSP), 357 Disk Defragmenter utility, 290–292, 850 Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) Internet, 1120 disk drives, 222–225, 420

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12431243 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1244 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

disk duplexing, 282 double data rate (DDR) memory, 165–166 Disk Management tool, 269–270, 276–277, double sided memory, 174 833–835, 850 DPI (dots per inch), 819 disk mirroring, 282 DPMI (DOS protected-mode interface) disk quotas, NTFS, 265 memory, 783 disk striping, 281 Dr. Watson program, 856–857, 882–883 diskcomp.com command, 710 draft-quality printers, 414 diskcopy.com command, 710 DRAM diskpart command line utility, 269, BEDO, 164 294–295 DDR, 165 diskpart.exe command, 294–295, DDR2 and DDR3, 165–166 714–715, 833–835 EDO, 164 DisplayPort, 343 FPM, 163–164 displays. See monitors RDRAM, 165 disposing of components, 42–43 SDRAM, 164–165 distributed administration model, 949 standard DRAM, 162–163 Distributed Transaction Coordinator (DTC) drive activity light, 68 components, 851 drive connectors, 88–92 distribution point, 652 drive imaging, installing Windows with, distributions, Linux OS, 571 619–620 DivX compression standard, 452 drive letters, assigning, 278–280 DLL (Dynamic Link Library) fi les, 857 Driver setting, printer, 425 DMA (direct memory access), 376–378 driver signing, 750 DMA modes, 232 drivers DMZ (Demilitarized Zone), 1007–1008, booting in Safe Mode, 880–881 1015, 1188 changing, 746–748 DNS failure of, 756–757 IP address of server, 1040 installing for devices, 904 nslookup command, 1060–1061 loading, 739–746 overview, 1050–1051 network card, 1026–1027 planning TCP/IP settings, 1053 for network cards, 1026–1030 port number of, 1054 permissions for installing, 754–755 purpose of, 1055 Plug and Play, 751–754 docking stations, laptop, 478 removing, 749–750 Document Type Defi nitions (DTDs), 1106 signed, 750–751 DoD (Department of Defense), 1093 Stop errors caused by, 897 domain controller, 1145–1146, 1183 unsigned, 750–751 Domain Name System (DNS). See DNS updating, 748–749 domain names, in URLs, 1116–1118 verifying installation of, 755–756 DoS (denial of service) attacks, 1135–1136 drives, preventive maintenance for, 518–519 DOS protected-mode interface (DPMI) drive-wiping programs, 1153 memory, 783 drum scanner, 444 “dot dot” attack, 1209 D-shell connector (DB), 338 dot matrix printers, 408, 413–414, 432 DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) Internet, 1120 dots per inch (DPI), 819 DSP (Digital Signal Processor), 357

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12441244 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1245

DTC (Distributed Transaction EGA (Enhanced Graphics Adapter), 387 Coordinator) components, 851 EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive DTDs (Document Type Defi nitions), 1106 Electronics), 229–230, 329 dual channel memory, 172 EIDE/Advanced Technology Attachment dual inline memory modules (DIMMs), (ATA)-2 standard, 230–231 70–71, 168–169 EISA (Extended Industry Standard dual inline package (DIP) chip, 72, 93, 126 Architecture)bus architecture, 102–103 dual ported memory, 391 electrical tape, 534 dual voltage power supplies, 301 electrically erasable programmable ROM dual-boot system, 263, 651–652 (EEPROM), 75, 159, 190 dual-core processor, 124 electromagnetic hard drive destruction, duplexing assembly, printer, 415 1153 duplicate IP addresses, 1063 electromagnetic interference (EMI), Duron processors, 143 38, 514, 965 DV (digital video) format, 452 electrostatic discharge (ESD), 36–38, 512–513 DVD (digital versatile discs), 253 Elevate Without Prompting setting, User DVD-ROM drive, 484, 519, 543 Account Control, 1177 DVI (digital video interface) connectors, e-mail 344, 388–389 antivirus software scanning, 1205 DVI (digital visual interface) port, 324 confi guring clients for, 1101–1104 Dynamic Disk, Windows, 624, 834–835 hijacked, as sign of infected system, 1215 dynamic disks, 272–275 hoaxes, 1209 dynamic execution, Pentium Pro IMAP, 1101 processor, 134 overview, 1099–1100 Dynamic Host Confi guration Protocol. POP3, 1101 See DHCP SMTP, 1100 Dynamic Link Library (DLL) fi les, 857 social engineering attacks through, 1133 Dynamic RAM. See DRAM spoofi ng, 1136 Embedded edition, Windows XP, 564 E Emergency Repair Disk (ERD), 916–917 Emergency Repair Process, 874, 917–919 eavesdropping attacks, 1137 EMI (electromagnetic interference), 38, ECC (error-checking and correction) 514, 965 memory, 172 EMS (expanded) memory, 782 ECHS (Extended Cylinder/Head/Sector), enable command, Recovery Console, 920 227–228 Enable VGA (Video Graphics Array) Mode, ECP (Extended Capabilities Port), 911 200, 322, 403 Encrypt attribute, NTFS, 682–685 EDO (extended data output) memory, 164 Encrypt fi le attribute, 680 See EEPROM (electrically erasable encrypted transfer protocol. HTTPS programmable ROM), 75, 159, 190 Encrypting File System (EFS), 265, 683, 1157 EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface), 730 encryption EFS (Encrypting File System), CMOS settings for, 206 265, 683, 1157 for data, 1157 EFS Recovery Agent, 683 defi ned, 1150–1151

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12451245 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1246 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

encryption (continued) exam day, 13–16 enabling, 1195 preparing for, 13–16 in HTTPS, 1107 scheduling, 12–13 for SOHO networks, 1012–1013 exceptions, fi rewall, 1187, 1189–1191 TPM, 1142 Exchange Server, Microsoft, 1103 Energy Star, 301 executables, fi le extensions for, 672 Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA), 387 Executive Services, Windows, 585–586 Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics exFAT fi le system, 590 (EIDE), 229–230, 329 exit rollers, laser printer, 409 enhanced keyboard, 351 expanded (EMS) memory, 782 Enterprise edition Expanded Memory Manager, 782 Windows 7, 565 expand.exe utility, 863 Windows Vista, 565 expansion buses, 1026 environmental controls, 509–515 expansion cards, 366–367 EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port), 200, 322, 403 expansion slots (bus slots), 77–78, 100 EPROM (erasable programmable ROM), 159 explorer.exe program, 596 ERD (Emergency Repair Disk), 916–917 ExpressCards, 480–481 ergonomic keyboard, 351–352 Extend Volume command, Disk ergonomics, 43–45 Management tool, 278 error codes, printer, 429 Extended (XMS) memory, 782–783 Error Reporting service (Windows Error extended attributes, NTFS, 680–688 Reporting Service), 821 Extended Capabilities Port (ECP), error-checking (ECC) memory, 171–172, 178 200, 322, 403 errors Extended Cylinder/Head/Sector (ECHS), booting, 874–879, 881–882 227–228 device referenced in system fi le not extended data output (EDO) memory, 164 found, 879–880 Extended Graphics Array (XGA), 387 diagnostic tools for, 882–886 Extended Industry Standard Architecture illegal operation, 903–904 (EISA), 102–103 installation, 902–903 extended partition, 267–269, 278, 624, 834 memory, 902 Extended Service Set Identifi er (ESSID), 998 missing fi le, 902 Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI), 730 paging fi le, 881 Extensible HyperText Markup Language POST, 536–537 (XHTML), 1107 Registry corruption, 880 Extensible Markup Language (XML), 1107 and Safe Mode, 880–881 external hard drives, 256 eSATA (external Serial ATA), 52, 91, 249–250 external modem, 358 ESD (electrostatic discharge), 36–38, external Serial ATA (eSATA), 52, 91, 249–250 512–513 Extreme Digital (xD) card, 256 ESSID (Extended Service Set Identifi er), 998 Ethernet, 967–969 F Event Viewer, 610, 853–856, 885–886, 1184–1185, 1216 F8 options during boot-up, 911–914 exams fans CompTIA A+ Exam 220-801, 11 for CPUs, 149–150 CompTIA A+ Exam 220-802, 11–12 overview, 54–55

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12461246 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1247

power connectors for, 88 fi le systems. See also partitions ventilation, 510–511 drive status, 280–281 fast page mode (FPM) DRAM, 163–164 FAT, 261–263 Fast SCSI-2 technology, 244 FAT32, 264–265 Fast User Switching Compatibility service, HPFS, 266 821 installing Windows, 625–626 Fast Wide SCSI-2 technology, 245 journal-based, 573 FAT fi le system NTFS, 265–266 fi le-naming conventions, 662 RAID, 281–288 formatting partitions and volumes, troubleshooting, 288–295 275–276 for Windows, 589–591 overview, 261–263 File Transfer Protocol (FTP), FAT 16 fi le system, 664 1054, 1108–1109 FAT 32 fi le system, 264–265, 590, 625, 664 fi le viruses, 1202 FAU (Forensics Acquisition Utilities), 1153 fi les. See also attributes, fi le fax machines, 408 fi le associations, 665–671 fc.exe command, 710 fi le extensions, 671–677 F-connector, 960 long and short fi lenames, 663–665 FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface), missing fi le errors, 902 970 sharing, 1063–1072 Fdisk tool, 290 signs of infected system, 1215 feeder, printer, 415 FilterKeys feature, keyboard, 355 female connector, 328 fi lters, privacy, 1148 female port, 80 fi ngerprint readers, 1144–1145 Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), 970 Firefox, Mozilla, 1110–1111 fi ber local connector (LC), 964 fi rewall software, 1159 File Allocation Table fi le system. See FAT fi rewalls fi le system Action Center, 1192 File Allocation Table 16 fi le system, 664 best practices for, 1193 File Allocation Table 32 fi le system. See defi ned, 1140 FAT 32 fi le system DMZ, 1188 File and Printer Sharing in Windows, hardware, 1189 1064–1065 home routers, 985 File and Settings Transfer Wizard, overview, 1186–1187 Windows, 609 port security and exceptions, 1189–1191 fi le associations, 665–671 Security Center, 1191–1192 fi le extensions software, 1189 for compression utilities, 673–674 SOHO networks, 985, 1015 for executables, 672 in Windows 7, 1079–1080 for graphic fi les, 675–676 FireWire (IEEE 1394), 85–86, 323–324, for offi ce applications, 672 337–338, 419 for system fi les, 674–675 FireWire card, 366 fi le management tools, Recovery Console, fi rmware, 55, 158, 351, 420, 1008 919 fixboot command, Recovery Console, File recovery software, 290 919–920 fi le sharing services, 1035 fi xed focus camera, 449

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12471247 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1248 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

fixmbr command, Recovery Console, G 919–920 fl ash drives, 51, 254 gadgets fl ash memory, 481 optimizing, 828 fl ashlight, 532 in Windows, 607 fl at memory model, 723 Windows 7, 569 fl atbed scanner, 444 gaming system, 577 FlexATX motherboards, 99 gateways, 978 fl exible magnetic media, 520 gender changers, 341 fl ickering image, 399 General Protection Fault (GPF), 582, 903 fl oppy disk drives geotracking, mobile device, 493 CMOS settings for, 197–198 GFI LANguard network security scanner, connectors for, 92, 306–307 1213 overview, 251 GHz (gigahertz), 118 preventive maintenance for, 519 Gigabit Ethernet standards, 968 troubleshooting, 541 Globally Unique Identifi er (GUID), 207 fonts, Windows, 606 Gmail, 1104 Forensics Acquisition Utilities (FAU), 1153 GNOME desktop environment, 573–574 form factors Gopher protocol, 1104 casing and, 57 GPF (General Protection Fault), 582, 903 for power supply, 309–310 GPS, mobile device, 493 Format command, 289 GPT (GUID Partition Table), 267 format command, Recovery Console, 919 GPU (graphics processing unit), 124 format.com command, 715 grades, UTP, 958 formatting graphical disk defragmenter, 837 low-level format, 1152 graphical user interface (GUI), 561, 826–828 partitions, 275–278 graphics accelerator cards, 388 standard format, 1152 graphics processing unit (GPU), 124 4MP camera resolution, 448 graphics/CAD/CAM workstation, 576 14MP camera resolution, 448 grayware, 1141 FPM (fast page mode) DRAM, 163–164 ground connectors, 514 F-PROT antivirus software, 1204 grounding, self, 38, 145, 530 FQDN (fully qualifi ed domain name), groups 1050–1053 creating, 1171–1174 fragmented fi les, 711 WSUS, 1211 friction feeders, printer, 408 GUI (graphical user interface), 561, 826–828 FSB (front side bus), Pentium 4 processor, GUID (Globally Unique Identifi er), 207 138 GUID Partition Table (GPT), 267 FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 1054, 1108–1109 full AT motherboards, 94–95 H full backups, 1155 fully qualifi ed domain name (FQDN), hackers, attacks by, 1131–1141 1050–1053 hal.dll fi le, 876, 878 function keys, keyboard, 350, 473 handheld scanner, 444 fuser rollers, laser printer, 409 handles, 798

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12481248 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1249

hard disks. See hard drives HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and hard drives Accountability Act), 1158 CMOS settings for, 196–197 HLF (high-level format), 1152 destroying, 1153 Hoaxbusters, 1209 No operating system found error, hoaxes, 1208–1209 874 Home Basic edition optimizing, 818 Windows 7, 565 preventive maintenance for, 518–519 Windows Vista, 564 recycling, 1153–1154 Home edition, Windows XP, 563 sanitation of, 1152–1153 Home Premium edition sharing, 1068 Windows 7, 565 troubleshooting, 541–543 Windows Vista, 564 upgrading for laptops, 483–484 home server PC, 578 hardening system, 1192 Homegroup, Windows 7, 1076–1078 hardware host adapter, SCSI devices, 239–240 defi ned, 55 Host Bus Adapter (HBA), 552 fi rewalls, 1189 host ID, IP address, 1036 for networking, 1025–1026 host name resolution, 1050–1053 tools for, 34–35 host system, 211 hardware address, 974 hostile remote networks, 1007 Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), 623 HOSTS fi le, 1052 hardware fi rewalls, 1123 hot fi xes, 585 hardware print server, 419 Hotmail, 1104 HBA (Host Bus Adapter), 552 hot-swappable technology HCL (Hardware Compatibility List), 623 defi ned, 403 HD (higher density) pin arrangement, 332 PCMCIA cards, 104–105, 480 HDMI (High-Defi nition Multimedia power supplies, 310 Interface) connectors, 343, 388–389 serial ATA (SATA), 248 header, network packets, 1186 USB connectors, 335–336 Health Insurance Portability and HPFS (High Performance File System), 266 Accountability Act (HIPAA), 1158 HTML (HyperText Markup Language), heat pipe, processor, 149 1095, 1106–1107 heat sinks, CPU, 54–55, 149 HTT (hyperthreading technology), 122–123 Help and Support service, 821 HTTP help command, 716 HTML, 1106–1107 hertz, 118 HTTPS, 1107–1108 HGC (Hercules Graphics Card), 324 SSL, 1107–1108 Hibernate mode, Windows, 600 HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Hidden fi le attribute, 679–680 Secure), 1107–1108 hidden shares, 1070 hubs, 953, 978–979, 1194 High Performance File System (HPFS), 266 Hybrid Sleep mode, Windows 7, 600 High-Defi nition Multimedia Interface hybrid topology, 955–956 (HDMI) connectors, 343, 388–389 HyperCard, Apple Macintosh, 1105 higher density (HD) pin arrangement, 332 HyperText Markup Language (HTML), high-voltage equipment, 40–41 1095, 1106–1107

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12491249 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1250 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure impact printers, 413–414 (HTTPS), 1107–1108 improper shutdown, 914–916 HyperText Transport Protocol. See HTTP incident response hyperthreading technology (HTT), chain of custody, 1162–1163 122–123 documentation, 1162 hypervisors, 211, 611 fi rst response, 1161–1162 incompatibilities I for 16-bit Windows applications, 776 for MS-DOS–based applications, 786 IAB (Internet Architecture Board), 1094 incremental backups, 924, 1155 IBM Type 1 connectors, 330–331 Index attribute, NTFS, 685–688 IBM-type data connector (IDC), 969, 970 Index fi le attribute, 680 ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned indexing fi les, 828–829 Names and Numbers), 1118 Indexing service (Windows Search), 822 See ICS (Windows Firewall/ Internet Connection Industry Standard Architecture. ISA Sharing) service, 822 infected systems ID, hard drive platters, 223 protecting against, 1215 IDC (IBM-type data connector), 969, 970 removing infections, 1216–1217 IDE devices, 228–237 symptoms of, 1214–1215 ATAPI specifi cation, 231 infrared connections connections for, 88–90 on laptops, 477 EIDE/Advanced Technology Attachment networking computers using, 984 -2 standard, 230–231 overview, 995–996 installing, 232–237 for printers, 418–419 performance of, 232 infrastructure mode, 997, 998 standard for, 230 INI fi les, 591–592 Ultra DMA, 231–232 ink cartridges, disposing of, 43 IDE technology inkjet printers ATA controller and, 51 overview, 412–413 cable connectors, 329 troubleshooting, 432–433 SCSI technology advantages over, 238 inline (online) UPS, 313 IE input devices confi guring, 1110–1115 keyboards, 349–355 proxy server, 1045 mice, 356–357 IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics modems, 358–361 Engineers), 970–972 network adapters, 361–364 IEEE 1394 (FireWire), 85–86, 323–324, and system resources, 367–380 337–338, 419 input supply voltage, 301 IEEE 1394b standard, 85. See also FireWire input/output (I/O) devices, 402 ifconfig command, 1056 input/output (I/O) ports, 78 input-under voltage, 301 ImageX.exe program, 621–622 installing IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol), applications, 763–765, 902–903 1054, 1100, 1101 CPUs, 144–148, 149–150 IMAP Server (incoming server), 1102 device drivers, 754–755 IMAPI CD-Burning COM service, 821 IDE devices, 232–237

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12501250 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1251

keyboards, 352–353 Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, 141 memory, 177–182 internal modem, 358 mice, 357 internal SCSI connectors, 242 modems, 359–360 internal support professional, 25 network adapters, 362–363 internal ventilation, 510–512 network clients, 1031–1032 Internet printers, 421–428 accessing, 1119–1122 SCSI devices, 246–247 ASP, 1097 sound cards, 400–401 e-mail, 1099–1104 video adapters, 391–392 fi rewalls for, 1122–1123 Windows, 32-bit, 626 FTP, 1108–1109 Windows, 64-bit, 626 HTTP, 1104–1108 Windows, CMOS settings, 626 Internet Options in Windows, 1110–1115 Windows, computer name, 623 ISPs, 1096–1097 Windows, fi le systems for, 625–626 overview, 1093–1095 Windows, partitions for, 624–625 ssh, 1110 Windows, requirements for, 622–623 and TCP/IP, 1098–1099 Windows, troubleshooting, 645–646 telnet, 1109 Windows, using bootable CD/DVD, 618 URLs, 1115–1118 Windows, using drive imaging, 619–620 Internet appliances, 981 Windows, using network, 619 Internet Architecture Board (IAB), 1094 Windows, using PXE, 618 Internet Connection Wizard, 1102–1103 Windows, using USB, 618 Internet Corporation for Assigned Names Windows, using Windows AIK, 620–622 and Numbers (ICANN), 1118 Windows 7, 635–642, 645 Internet Explorer (IE). See IE Windows components, 649–651 Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), Windows Server 2003, 642–644 1054, 1100, 1101 Windows Vista, 635–642, 645 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec), Windows XP, 628–635, 642–644 1150–1151 workgroup/domain, 624 Internet service provider (ISP), 1096–1097 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Internet Zone, 1112 Engineers (IEEE), 970–972 interrupt requests (IRQs), 93, 371–376 instruction pipeline, processor, 132–133 intrusion detection, 1142, 1168 integrated cache, 72 I/O (input/output) devices, 402 Integrated Drive Electronics devices. See I/O (input/output) ports, 78 IDE devices I/O addresses, 367–371 Integrated Drive Electronics technology. IP addresses See IDE technology Address Resolution Protocol, 1052–1053 integrated GPU, 124 DHCP, 1041 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) of DNS server, 1040 Internet, 1120 domain name system, 1116–1118 integrated sound card, 82–83, 399–400 duplicate, 1063 Intel Atom processors, 140–141 name resolution, 1047–1048, 1050–1051 Intel Core 2 processors, 140 Network Address Translation, 1044 Intel Core i3/i5/i7 processors, 141 overview, 1035–1037

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12511251 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1252 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

IP addresses (continued) overview, 349–351 pinging, 1057 ports, 324 static, 1040, 1042 preventive maintenance for, 517–518 subnet masks, 1038 troubleshooting, 543–545 in Windows 7, 1075–1076 types of, 351–352 ipconfig utility, 1044, 1056, 1058 keycode, 350 IPSec (Internet Protocol Security), keyed connectors, 87 1150–1151 keypad, numeric, 1141 IPv4 addresses, 1045–1046 keyswitch, 350 IPv6 addresses, 1045–1046 Knoppix, 934–937 IRQs (interrupt requests), 93, 371–376 KVM (Keyboard, Video, and Mouse) ISA switch, 341, 366 monitors, 57 non–Plug and Play devices, 213 L overview, 101–102 sound card, 400 labeling optical media, 520 ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) LAN (local area network), 951, 1029 Internet, 1120 land grid array (LGA), 126 ISP (Internet service provider), 1096–1097 LANguard network security scanner, GFI, Itanium/Itanium II processors, 139–140 1213 ITX motherboards, 100 laplink cable, 983 laptops. See also batteries, laptop J AC adapters for, 468–469 Bluetooth, 477 jacket, cable, 957 card readers for, 481 journal-based fi le systems, 573 components of, 460–461 jumpers, 92–93, 193, 204, 236–237 disassembling, 489–490 docking stations, 478 K ExpressCards, 480–481 infrared, 477 K6 processors, 141 installing memory on, 180–182 K6-2 processors, 142 keyboard, 472–473 K6-III processors, 142 LCD panels for, 469–472 kernel, Linux OS, 570–571 modem, 476 kernel memory, 798 network card, 476 kernel mode, Windows, 585–586 PCMCIA, 478–480 Keyboard, Video, and Mouse (KVM) pointing devices, 474–476 switch, 341, 366 preventive maintenance for, 520–521 keyboard port, 60 troubleshooting, 484–489 keyboards upgrading, 481–484 confi guring, 353–355 WAN-cellular, 477 connectors on motherboards, 81–82 wireless network card, 476–477 ergonomic, 44 laser printers, 408–412, 433, 437 installing, 352–353 Last Known Good Confi guration option, laptop, 461, 472–473 757, 896, 913–914

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12521252 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1253

latency, hard drive, 226 local area connection, 1028–1030 LBA (Logical Block Addressing), 227–228 local area network (LAN), 951, 1029 LC (fi ber local connector), 964 Local Intranet zone, 1112 LC4 password-cracking tool, 1135 local security policies LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor, 393, changing, 1175–1176 461, 469–472 enabling auditing, 1183–1184 LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access password policies, 1193 Protocol), 1055 Local Security Policy application, Least Recently Used (LRU) algorithm, Administrative Tools, 755 RAM, 732 local server, DNS, 1117–1118 LED (light-emitting diode) monitor, 393, 470 Local Users and Groups utility, Computer legacy devices, 213 Management, 850 LFX v1.1 (low profi le form factor) form locator applications, mobile device, 494 factor, 309 log fi les, 645–646, 885 LGA (land grid array), 126 logic bomb, 1140 light-emitting diode (LED) monitor, 393, 470 logic operations, 124 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Logical Block Addressing (LBA), 227–228 (LDAP), 1055 Logical Disk Manager service, 822 Li-Ion (lithium-ion) battery, 462, 520–521 logical drives, 267–268, 624 Lindner, Paul, 1104 logon name. See username line conditioners, 313 LoJack feature, 206 line of sight, infrared technology, 419, 477 long fi lenames, 663–665 line print terminal (LTP) port, 200 loopback address linear format exams, 10 defi ned, 1037 line-of-sight technology, 995, 1122 pinging, 1057 Linux TCP/IP protocol, 1042–1043 command shells, 1109 loopback plugs, 533, 981 comparing versions of, 570–572 low profi le form factor (LFX v1.1) form fi rewalls, 1123 factor, 309 GUI elements in, 573–574 low-level format, 1152 system requirements for, 572–573 LPT1 port (parallel port), 79–80 Linux Live CDs, 934–937 LPX motherboards, 96–97 Li-Poly (lithium-ion polymer) battery, LRU (Least Recently Used) algorithm, 520–521 RAM, 732 liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor, 393, LTP (line print terminal) port, 200 461, 469–472 lumens (brightness), monitor, 394 List Folder Contents permission, 1178 LVD (Ultra2 SCSI) technology, 245 listening skills, 26 listsvc command, Recovery Console, 920 M lithium-ion (Li-Ion) battery, 462, 520–521 lithium-ion polymer (Li-Poly) battery, MAC address, 1052–1053, 1195 520–521 MAC address fi ltering Live CD, 36, 934–937 for SOHO networks, 1013–1014 LMHOSTS fi le, 1049–1050 for wireless networks, 1005 loadstate executable, 655

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12531253 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1254 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

Mac OS Master Boot Record (MBR), 209, 226–227, comparing versions of, 574–575 267 GUI elements in, 575–576 Master File Table (MFT), 662 system requirements for, 575 master/slave confi guration, IDE devices, MAC spoofi ng, 1136 235–237 macro viruses, 1202 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), 43 Magic Packet, 468 math co-processor, CPU, 121 magnetic pickup tools, 531 mathematical calculations, 124 magnetic tape drives, 51 MBR (Master Boot Record), 209, 226–227, maintenance 267 for case, 515–516 MBSA (Microsoft Baseline Security CD/DVD drives, 519 Analyzer), 1212–1213 for components, 515–516 MCA (Micro Channel Architecture), 102 and disaster recovery, 941 MCA bus architecture, 102 environmental controls, 509–515 McAfee antivirus software, 1204 fl oppy drives, 519 MDA (Monochrome Display Adapter), hard drives, 290, 518–519 324, 386 for keyboards, 517–518 MDRAM (Multibank DRAM), 391 for laptop keyboards, 472 Mean Time Before Failure (MTBF), 515 for laptops, 520–521 mechanical mice, 356, 518 for mice, 517–518 mechanical pickup tools, 531 for monitors, 517 mechanical transfer-registered jack overview, 505–507 (MT-RJ), 964 for power supplies, 516 Media Access Control (MAC) address for printers, 434, 437–438, 521–522 fi ltering for scanners, 521–522 for SOHO networks, 1013–1014 for storage media, 519–520 for wireless networks, 1005 tape drives, 519 Media Center edition, Windows XP, 564 tools for, 507–509 megahertz (MHz), 50, 118 male connector, 328 megapixels (MP), camera resolution, 448 male port, 80 membrane (capacitive) keyboard, 350 malware (malicious software) memory. See also RAM; virtual memory adware, 1140–1141, 1207–1208 for boot process, 730–733 hoaxes, 1208–1209 cache, 109, 161, 229 logic bomb, 1140 cache memory, 174–176 phishing, 1208 CD-ROM, 251–252 pop-ups, 1208 CMOS settings for, 198–199 rootkit, 1140 commit charge, 799 spyware, 1140–1141, 1207–1208 conventional, 781–782 Trojan horse, 1139–1140, 1206 corrupted errors, 902 viruses, 1139 DDR, 165 worm, 1140, 1206–1207 DIMMs, 168–169 MAN (metropolitan area network), 951 double sided, 174 man-in-middle attacks, 1137 DRAM, 162–166 mantraps, 1141 dual ported, 391 mapping, network drives, 1071–1072

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12541254 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1255

ECC, 172 troubleshooting, 543–545 EDO, 164 types of, 356–357 error-checking memory, 170–172 Micro Channel Architecture (MCA), 102 expanded (EMS), 782 microATX motherboards, 99 Extended (XMS), 782–783 MicroDIMM (micro dual inline memory fl ash, 481 module), 170 and input devices, 378–380 microphones, 453–454 installing, 177–182 Micro-SD memory card, 256 kernel, 798 Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer laptop, 461 (MBSA), 1212–1213 MicroDIMM, 170 Microsoft Exchange Server, 1103 multichannel memory architecture, Microsoft Management Console, 601 172–173 Microsoft Network Monitor, 1137 nonpaged, 798 Microsoft Windows. See Windows in OSes, 582 Microsoft Windows Defender, 1207–1208 overview, 52–53 Microsoft Windows Update, 1209–1210 paged, 798 Microsoft Wireless Zero Confi guration, physical, 798 1004 for printers, 420 MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital problems causing auto-restart, 895 Interface), 342, 454 purpose of, 157–158 millions of instructions per second RAM, 159–162 (MIPS), 50 ROM, 158–159 MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail SIMMs, 167–168 Extensions), 1099 single ported, 391 MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output), single sided, 174 1003 SODIMM, 170 Mini-ITX motherboard form factor, 100 system, 158 miniPCI bus architecture, 108 system requirements for Microsoft miniPCI Express bus architecture, 108 Windows, 566 Mini–PCI Express (PCIe) cards, 482 troubleshooting, 540 Mini-SD card, 256 upgrading for laptops, 481–482 MIPS (millions of instructions per and video adapters, 390–391 second), 50 viewing type with CPU-Z, 166 mirrored volumes, 1156 virtual, 122, 582 mirrors, 532 memory sticks, 51, 254 MJPEG compression standard, 452 mesh topology, 955 mkdir command, 704 Messenger service, 822, 1083 MMC (multimedia cards), 402 metropolitan area network (MAN), 951 MMF (Multi-mode fi ber), 963 MFT (Master File Table), 662 MMX (MultiMedia eXtensions), 122 MHz (megahertz), 50, 118 Mobile-ITX motherboard form factor, 100 mice modem card, 367 connectors on motherboards, 81–82 modems installing, 357 characteristics of, 358 ports for, 324 AT commands for, 358–359 preventive maintenance for, 517–518 confi guring, 360–361

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12551255 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1256 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

modems (continued) DIP switches, 92–93 installing, 359–360 drive connectors, 88–92 overview, 59 expansion slots, 77–78 troubleshooting, 547 FlexATX, 99 Modify permission, 1179 and front panel, 67–68 modulation, 59 full AT, 94–95 Molex connectors, 329 ITX, 100 Molex-type power connectors, 553 jumpers, 92–93 monitoring tools LPX, 96–97 Performance Monitor, 803–810 microATX, 99 Task Manager, 796–803 NLX, 96–97 taskkill.exe, 814–815 performance of, 109 tasklist.exe, 814–815 ports and connectors, 78–86 Windows Resource Monitor, 810–814 SIMM/DIMM sockets, 70–71 monitors troubleshooting, 539–540 CRT, 40, 43, 385, 392–393 motion sensor, laptop, 521 display settings for, 395–396 mount points, 278–280 features of, 394–395 mounting kit/adapter, 534 LCD, 393 mouse port, 60 LED, 393 move command, 709 multidisplay support, 396–398 moving fi les, 1181 OLED, 393 Mozilla Firefox, 1110–1111 plasma, 393 MP (megapixels), camera resolution, 448 ports for, 324 MS-DOS–based applications. See also PIF preventive maintenance for, 517 fi le-naming conventions, 662 projector, 394 incompatibilities for, 786 troubleshooting, 398–399, 545–547 MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet), 43 types of, 57–59 MSI fi les, 762 video adapters and, 385–386 MTBF (Mean Time Before Failure), 515 voltage of, 40–41 MT-RJ (mechanical transfer-registered Monochrome Display Adapter (MDA), jack), 964 324, 386 multi component, ARC, 725 monochrome LCD, 470 Multibank DRAM (MDRAM), 391 Moore’s Law, 1000 multicore CPUs, 123–124 motherboard form factor, 93–94 multidisplay support, 396–398 motherboards multimedia cards (MMC), 402 ATX, 97–99 multimedia devices Baby AT, 95–96 camcorders, 455 battery, 76–77 cameras, 447–452 BIOS chip, 75–76 connectors for, 342–344 bus architectures of, 100–108 microphones, 453–454 cache memory, 71–72 MIDI, 454 chipset for, 72–75 scanners, 443–447 CPU on, 68–70 TV tuners, 455 defi ned, 53 video capture cards, 455

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12561256 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1257

MultiMedia eXtensions (MMX), 122 Netscape Navigator, 1110 multimeters, 35, 528–529, 981 netstat utility, 1059–1060 Multi-mode fi ber (MMF), 963 Network Address Translation (NAT), multiple shares, 1070 985, 1043–1044 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO), Network and Sharing Center, 999–1000, 1003 1075–1076, 1078–1079 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions network attached storage (NAS), 222, 980 (MIME), 1099 Network Basic Input/Output System multitasking (NetBIOS) computer names, cooperative, 767–768 663, 1046–1050 preemptive, 768 network card, 361 Musical Instrument Digital Interface Network Connections service, 822 (MIDI), 342, 454 Network Connections window, 1029 My Network Places, Windows, 596 Network Diagnostics tool, 856 network discovery, 1078 N network drives, 1062, 1071–1072 network ID, in IP address, 1036, 1038 See name resolution network interface card. NIC defi ned, 1047 network operating system (NOS), 949 FQDNs, 1050–1053 network printer, 421, 426, 1073–1074 NetBIOS names, 1046–1050 Network Stumbler, 1019 ping command, 1058 networking Nano-ITX motherboard form factor, 100 access methods for, 965–966 NAS (network attached storage), 222, 980 adapters for, 362–364 NAT (Network Address Translation), architectures for, 967–970 985, 1043–1044 cabling, 957–965 natural (ergonomic) keyboard, 351–352 clients for, 1030–1032 Navigation pane, Windows Explorer, 595 communication methods for, 981–982 nbtstat utility, 1058–1059 connectors for, 416–417 NCSA Mosaic, 1105 devices for, 973–981 installing Windows using, 619 net localgroup command, 1061 name resolution, 1046–1053 net use command, 1062 network protocols, 1098 net user command, 1061 ports, 1053–1055 net view command, 1061–1062 protocols for, 970–973, 1053–1055 NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User sharing fi les, 1063–1072 Interface), 1033 sharing printers, 1072–1074 NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output software components for, 1025–1035 System) computer names, 663, SOHO networks, 984–987 1046–1050 TCP/IP protocol, 1035–1046 NetBIOS Extended User Interface terminology for, 951 (NetBEUI), 1033 tools for, 981 Netbooks, 140 topologies for, 951–956 NetBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP), 1098 troubleshooting, 1055–1063 NetBus Trojan horse, 1139–1140, 1206 types of, 947–951

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12571257 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1258 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

networking (continued) null modem cable, 339–340, 983 using infrared port, 984 numeric keypad, keyboard, 350, 1141 using network card, 983 numeric processing unit (NPU), 121 using serial and parallel ports, 983 in Windows 7, 1075–1081 O Windows services, 1081–1084 New Technology File System (NTFS), Object Access Auditing, 1183 265–266, 589, 626, 680–688, 1181–1182 OC (Optical Carrier) standards, 1121 NIC octets, IP address, 1036–1037 CMOS settings for, 209 Offi ce macro security settings, 1202–1203 drivers for, 1026–1030 offl ine fi les, Windows, 606 for laptops, 476 offsite storage, 1156 on motherboards, 83 ohms, 300 networking computers using, 983 Ohm’s Law, 300 overview, 974–975 OLED (organic light-emitting diode) properties for in Windows 7, 1080 monitor, 393, 471 NiCad (nickel-cadmium) battery, 462, 520 OLGA (organic land grid array), 139 Nimda virus, 1206–1207 one-letter codes, fi le attribute, 688–689 NiMH (nickel-metal hydride) battery, one-way satellite Internet services, 1121 462, 520 online (inline) UPS, 313 NLX, 96–97 Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model, nonpaged memory, 798 972–973 nonparity memory, 171, 178 openSUSE Linux, 572 nonreentrant programming code, 772 operating systems. See OSes nonroutable protocols, 1033 Opteron processors, 143 nonterminated end, 953 Optical Carrier (OC) standards, 1121 nonunicast traffi c, 800 optical drives, 51, 197 normal backups, 924 optical mice, 357, 518 North Bridge chip, 73–75 optical zoom, camera, 449 Norton AntiVirus, 1204, 1205–1206 optimizing NOS (network operating system), 949 hard drive, 818 notifi cation area, Windows, 601–602 indexing, 828–829 Novell IPX/SPX protocol, 1098 Performance Monitor, 803–810 NPU (numeric processing unit), 121 printers, 818–819 nslookup utility, 1060–1061 scanners, 819 ntbackup.exe utility, 921–927 Services Administrative Tool, 820–825 ntbootdd.sys fi le, 723, 875, 878–879 startup applications, 825 ntbtlog.txt log fi le, 912–913 and system bottlenecks, 795–796 ntdetect.com command, 726, 876 Task Manager, 796–803 NTFS (New Technology File System), taskkill.exe utility, 814–815 265–266, 589, 626, 680–688, 1181–1182 tasklist.exe utility, 814–815 ntldr boot loader, 722–723, 875 temporary fi les, 819–820 ntoskrnl.exe command, 726–727 virtual memory, 816–817 ntoskrnl.exe fi le, 876, 878 Windows GUI, 826–828 ntuser.dat fi le, 847 Windows Resource Monitor, 810–814 NTVDM environment, 698, 772–773, 900 opto-mechanical mice, 356

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12581258 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1259

organic land grid array (OLGA), 139 paging fi le organic light-emitting diode (OLED) changing location of, 818 monitor, 393, 471 defi ned, 782, 817 orientation, cable, 328–330 errors for, 881 OSes. See also specifi c operating system in Windows, 586–589 by name pairing, 1017 32-bit, 562 PAN (personal area network), 951, 1016 64-bit, 562 Panda Security antivirus software, 1204 choosing system for, 576–578 paper feeder mechanism, laser printer, 409 defi ned, 561–562 paper feeder mechanisms, printer, 407–408 for handheld devices, 491–493 paper jams, printer, 429, 432–433 Linux, 570–574 paper shredders, 1154 Mac OS, 574–576 parallel ports memory management in, 582 cables for, 338–339 Windows, 562–570 CMOS settings for, 199–201 OSI (Open Systems Interconnect) model, networking computers using, 983 972–973 overview, 79–80, 322–323 OTA (over-the-air) backup, 491, 494 for printers, 415–416 Outlook Express, 1102 troubleshooting, 547–548 output devices parallel processing, 133 monitors, 392–398 parallel technology (PATA), 248 sound cards, 399–402 parity memory, 171, 178 video adapters, 385–392 partition component, ARC, 725 overclocking, CPU, 125 partitions over-current protection, 301 assigning drive letters, 278–280 overheating, 398 creating in Windows, 269–275 over-the-air (OTA) backup, 491, 494 defi ned, 224 extended, 267–269 P extending and splitting, 278 FAT system, 262 P2P (peer-to-peer) networks, 947–949 FAT32 system, 264 PAC (pin array cartridge), Itanium formatting, 275–278 processor, 139 for installing Windows, 624–625 Packet Internet Groper (ping) utility, mount points for, 278–280 1057–1058 permissions when copying and moving packet sniffers, 1137 fi les, 1181 packets primary partition, 267 network, 1185–1186 recovery, 933–934 in spoofi ng, 1136 rescue, 940 page faults, 801 status in Disk Management, 281 page pool, 798 pass-though connector, 550 page printer (laser printer), 408–409 passwords paged memory, 798 admin, 1168 PageDefrag tool, 818 attacks using, 1134–1135 authentication, 1144–1145

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12591259 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1260 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

passwords (continued) performance best practices for, 1193 CPUs, 150 CMOS, 1143 hard drives, 225–226 CMOS settings for, 203–205 IDE devices, 232 drive lock, 1142 laptop batteries, 463 e-mail, 1101 motherboards, 109 homegroups, 1077 wireless networks, 1018 Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer, Performance Logs and Alerts or Reliability 1213 and Performance utility, Computer power-on, 1142, 1168 Management, 850 screen saver, 1161 Performance Logs and Alerts service, 822 for SOHO networks, 985, 1011–1012 Performance Monitor, 803–810 strong, 1148, 1159–1160 Peripheral Component Interconnect Express for user accounts, 1170 (PCIe) card, 57, 106–107, 391–392 user education regarding, 1160 Peripheral Component Interconnect weak, 1213 Extended (PCI-X), 57, 106 for wireless networks, 1004 Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), for wireless router, 1195 57, 104, 400 for workstations, 1160–1161 permissions writing on paper, 1154 and authorization, 1149 PATA (parallel technology), 248 changing fi le attributes, 1182 PATA Emulation mode, 212 digital security, 1160 patch.exe fi le, 1139–1140, 1206 for installing device drivers, 754–755 patching systems, 1192 NTFS, 1181–1182 pathping utility, 1060 overview, 1178–1182 paths, dir command, 701–704 share permissions, 1181–1182 PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect), for shares, 1066–1067 57, 104, 400 signs of infected system, 1215 PCI bus architecture, 104 for workstations, 1161 PCI Express bus architecture, 106–107 personal area network (PAN), 951, 1016 PCI Express (PCIe) connector, 308–309 Personal Computer Memory Card Industry PCIe (Mini–PCI Express) cards, 482 Association (PCMCIA), 104, 461, PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect 478–480 Express) card, 57, 106–107, 308–309, personal digital assistants (PDAs), 459 391–392 PF (Power Factor), 314 PCI-X (Peripheral Component Interconnect PGA (pin grid array) chip, 126 Extended), 57, 106 Phenom/Phenom II processors, 144 PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card phishing attacks, 1133–1134 Industry Association), 104–105, 461, phone interference with wireless 478–480 networking, 1003 PDAs (personal digital assistants), 459 photocopiers, 408 PE (Preinstallation Environment) disc, photomultiplier tube (PMT), 444 620, 635 physical memory, 798 peer servers, 949 physical security, 1015, 1141–1144, 1159, peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, 947–949 1167–1168 Pentium processors, 131–140 physically destroying hard drives, 1153

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12601260 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1261

pickup rollers, printer, 521 port address, 1053–1054 pickup tools, 530–531 ports PIF e-mail client, 1103 Font tab, 780–781 FireWire, 85–86, 323–324 General tab, 779 keyboard, 324 Memory tab, 781–783 modems, 83 Misc tab, 784–786 monitor, 324 Program tab, 779–780 mouse, 324 Screen tab, 783 NIC, 83 Summary tab, 786 overview, 60 pin array cartridge (PAC), Itanium parallel, 79–80, 322–323 processor, 139 protocols and, 1053–1055 pin confi guration, 306–308 securing, 1189–1191 pin connections, 339–340 serial, 78–79, 322–323 pin grid array (PGA) chip, 126 sound, 82–83 pin-1 rule, 90 USB, 83–84, 323 ping (Packet Internet Groper) utility, used by scanner, 445 1057–1058 video adapter, 80–81, 386 ping of death, 1136 ports on SOHO networks, disabling, 1015 PIO (Programmed I/O) mode, 232 positive attitude, 27 PIV Xeon, 138 POST (Power-on Self-Test), 75, 191, PIV Xeon MP, 138 536–537, 721–722 pixels, 398, 546 Post Offi ce Protocol version 3 (POP3), PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) system, 682 1054, 1100–1102 plasma monitors, 393, 470 posture, working, 44 platen, fl atbed scanner, 444 power conditioning, 514–515 platters, 222–223 power connectors, 86–88 plenum, 965 power converters, 299 Plug and Play BIOS (PnP BIOS), 206 Power Factor (PF), 314 Plug-and-Play technology. See PNP power light, 68 technology Power over Ethernet (PoE), 1080 PMT (photomultiplier tube), 444 power supplies PnP BIOS (Plug and Play BIOS), 206 AC adapters, 311–312 PNP technology auto-restart caused by problems with, allocating resources, 380 894–895 for device drivers, 751–754 connectors, 304–309 locating devices on computer, 743 form factors, 309–310 USB connections, 417 laser printers, 410 PoE (Power over Ethernet), 1080 overview, 54 Point and Print feature, 1074 preventive maintenance, 516 pointing devices, laptop, 474–476 purpose of, 300–301 polarity base plugs, 514 terminology, 299–300 policy changes, auditing, 1183 troubleshooting, 550–554 POP3 (Post Offi ce Protocol version 3), types of, 302–304 1054, 1100–1102 UPS, 312–314 pop-ups, 1112–1113, 1208, 1214 voltage of, 40

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12611261 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1262 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

power supply unit (PSU), 40, 299 privacy power surges, 312 fi lters, 1148 Power Users group, 1172 monitors (displays), 395 power-management features, laptop Privacy Act, 1158 battery, 464–468 private IP addresses, 1043, 1044 power-on passwords, 203, 1142, 1168 private keys, PKI, 682 Power-on Self-Test (POST), 75, 191, problem-solving documentation systems, 536–537, 721–722 1162 preboot execution environment (PXE), 618 process tracking, auditing, 1184 preemptive multitasking, 768 processor card, Itanium processor, 139 Preinstallation Environment (PE) disc, processors, 566, 797. See also CPU 620, 635 Professional edition preparing for exams, 13–16 Windows 7, 565 primary corona wire, laser printer, 410 Windows XP, 564 primary partition, 267, 624 professionalism, with clients, 27–30 primary-rate ISDN, 1120 Program Files, Windows, 606 principle of least privilege, 1160 program information fi le (PIF) print device, 421 Font tab, 780–781 print drum (imaging drum), laser printers, General tab, 779 409–411 Memory tab, 781–783 print head, printer, 414–415, 521 Misc tab, 784–786 Print Spooler service, Windows, 430–431, Program tab, 779–780 434, 822, 891–893, 1083 Screen tab, 783 Print Test Page setting, printer, 425 Summary tab, 786 Printer Operators group, 1172 Programmed I/O (PIO) mode, 232 printer sharing services, 1035 programs. See applications printers Project 802 LAN Standards, 971 connectors for, 415–419 protected-mode, 122 dot matrix, 413–414 protocols inkjet, 412–413 Internet, 1094–1095 installing in Windows, 421–428 NetBEUI, 1033 laser, 408–412 for networking, 970–973, 1053–1055 optimizing, 818–819 overview, 1032–1034 as output devices, 402 TCP/IP, 1033–1034 paper feeder mechanisms, 407–408 proxy servers, 1113–1114 preventive maintenance, 437–438, proxy settings, TCP/IP protocol, 1044–1045 521–522 P/S2 (or mini-DIN 6) keyboard connector, versus print device, 421 324 safety precautions, 436–437 PS/2 connector, 81–82, 335, 352–353, 357 sharing, 1072–1074 PSU (power supply unit), 40, 299 thermal, 414 public IP addresses, 1043, 1044 troubleshooting, 428–436 Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) system, 682 upgrading, 420 public keys, PKI, 682 Priority setting, printer, 424 punch-down tool, 534, 981 PXE (preboot execution environment), 618

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12621262 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1263

Q read/write head, hard drive, 223 ReadyBoost feature, Windows, 570, 608 real-mode, 122 QIC (quarter-inch cartridge) tape drive, 256 recovery agent, EFS, 265 quad-core processor, 124 recovery CDs, 933–934 quadruple channel memory, 173 Recovery Console, 882, 918–920, 1216 quarter-inch cartridge (QIC) tape drive, 256 recovery images, 934 querying the modem, 360–361 recovery partitions, 933–934 Red Hat Package Manager (RPM), 572 R Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks. See RAID radio frequency ID (RFID) badges, 1147 reference computer, 619 radio frequency interference (RFI), 514 refl ective infrared device, 419 radio grade (RG), 960 refresh rate, monitor, 392, 394 radio power levels, setting, 1015 REG fi les, 845–846 RAID regedit.exe utility, 841–847 overview, 1156–1157 registered jack (RJ)-11 connector, 333 RAID 0, 281 registered jack (RJ)-45 connector, 334 RAID 1, 282–285 registers, CPU, 120 RAID 5, 285–288 registration rollers, laser printer, 409 RAID 10, 288–295 Registry RAID mode, SATA, 249 corruption errors for, 880 RAM defi ned, 665 CMOS RAM, 161 device and service settings in, 727–728 DRAM, 160 Emergency Repair Process, 918 overview, 52–53 removing devices referenced to in Shadow RAM, 162 startup, 879–880 SRAM, 160–161 subtrees, 841 VRAM, 162 UnInstall key, 766 rambus DRAM (RDRAM), 165 in Windows, 591–592 rambus inline memory module (RIMM), 165 Registry Editor, 842–843 random access memory. See RAM regsvr32.exe utility, 848 rdisk component, ARC, 725 Reliability and Performance tool, Windows rdisk.exe utility, 917 Vista, 803 RDP technology Remote Assistance, Windows, 604–605 port number of, 1054 Remote Desktop Connection, Windows, Remote Assistance, 604 602–603 Remote Desktop Connection, 602–603 Remote Desktop Protocol technology. RDRAM (rambus DRAM), 165 See RDP technology Read and Execute permission, 1178 remote logon, 1175 Read permissions, 1067, 1178 remote management command shells, Reader permission level, 1069 1109–1110 Read-only fi le attribute, 679–680 remote wipes, mobile device, 494 read-only fi les, 1182 removable storage, 251–257 read-only memory (ROM), 158–159 ren command, 709, 919

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12631263 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1264 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

repeaters, 975–976 RPM (Red Hat Package Manager), 572 repetitive strain injury (RSI), 43–44 RS-232 ports, 78–79. See also serial ports Request for Comments (RFC) documents, RSA tokens, 1148 1094 RSI (repetitive strain injury), 43–44 rescue CDs, 934–940 rubber mouse ball, 475 rescue installations, 940 rescue partitions, 940 S resolution camera, 448 Safe Mode monitors (displays), 394 F8 options during boot-up, 911–912 video adapter, 388–389 overview, 880–881 Resource Arbitrator, Plug and Play resolving driver errors, 757 process, 753 using to fi x GUI startup errors, 882 resource confl ict, 368–369 safety Resource Monitor, 799 high-voltage equipment, 39–41 resources personal safety, 39 reserve, 213 printers, 436–437 for troubleshooting, 24–25 protecting computer components, 41–42 restoring Samba Network Neighborhood, 937 from backup, 926–927 Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 1158 from restore points in Windows, 930–931 SAS (Serial Attached SCSI), 51–52 RFC (Request for Comments) documents, SATA (Serial Advanced Technology 1094 Attachment) devices, 51–52, 90–91, RFI (radio frequency interference), 514 248–250, 308 RFID (radio frequency ID) badges, 1147 satellite Internet, 1121 RG (radio grade), 960 SC (subscriber connector) connector, 964 rights, 1149–1150, 1174–1176 ScanDisk utility, 292 rigid magnetic media, 520 scanners RIMM (rambus inline memory module), 165 connecting, 445 ring topology, 954 as input device, 365 riser card, 367 optimizing, 819 RJ-11 connector, 333, 958–959 preventive maintenance for, 521–522 RJ-45 connector, 334, 958–959 scanning image, 445–447 rmdir command, 705 scanning process, 444–445 robocopy.exe command, 707–708 scanstate executable, 655 rogue antivirus programs, 1215 scatter infrared device, 419 rollers, printer, 415 Schedule setting, printer, 425 ROM (read-only memory), 158–159 scheduled virus scans, 1204, 1217 root directories, 699 scheduling exams, 12–13 root server, DNS, 1117 SCP (Secure Copy Protocol), 1109 rootkit, 1140 scratches, optical media, 519–520 routers SCSI adapter, 238 default gateway, 1039 SCSI chain. See daisy chaining Network Address Translation, 1044 SCSI devices overview, 977 addressing, 240–242 SOHO networks, 984–985 booting errors for, 874 wireless, 979–980, 985

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12641264 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1265

cabling for, 242–243 fi rewalls, 1185–1192 host adapter for, 239–240 groups, 1171–1174 installing, 246–247 on handheld devices, 493–494 overview, 91 incident response, 1161–1163 printers, 419 IP version 4, 1045 termination for, 243–244 IP version 6, 1046 types of, 244–245 malicious software, 1139–1141 SD (Secure Digital) cards, 255–256 network-based attacks, 1134–1138 SDHC (Secure Digital High Capacity) permissions, 1178–1182 format, 256 permissions to install drivers, 754–755 SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM), 164–165 phishing attacks, 1133–1134 SDXC (Secure Digital Extended Capacity) physical security, 1141–1144, 1159 card, 256 principle of least privilege, 1160 seamless window, 789–790 RAID, 1156–1157 SEC (Single Edge Contact) chip, 70, 127 rights, 1174–1176 secondary corona wire (transfer corona security alerts, 1214 wire), laser printer, 410, 412 server-based networking model, 950 Secondary Logon service, 822 shoulder surfi ng, 1134 sector translation, BIOS, 227 social engineering attacks, 1132–1133 Secure Copy Protocol (SCP), 1109 software-based attacks, 1138–1139 Secure Digital Extended Capacity (SDXC) for SOHO networks, 986–987 card, 256 for transmissions, 1150–1151 Secure Digital High Capacity (SDHC) and UAC, 1177 format, 256 updating software, 1211–1214 Secure Digital (SD) cards, 255–256 user accounts, 1168–1171 Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP), and user education, 1160 1055, 1109 for wireless networks, 1003–1008 Secure Shell (SSH) protocol, 1055, 1110 for workstations, 1160–1161 Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), 1103, Security Center, 609–610, 822, 1191–1192 1107–1108, 1150 seek time, hard drive, 225–226, 608 Secure Wipe program, FAU, 1153 self-tests, hard drive, 535 security Serial Advanced Technology Attachment auditing, 1182–1185 (SATA) devices, 51–52, 90–91, authentication, 1144–1148 248–250, 308 authorization, 1149–1150 Serial Attached SCSI (SAS), 51–52 backing up data, 1154–1156 serial ports best practices for, 1192–1195 cables for, 339 with BIOS, 1167–1168 CMOS settings for, 201 Bluetooth, 1017 defi ned, 60 classifi cation, data, 1158 networking computers using, 983 compliance, data, 1158 overview, 78–79, 322–323 data encryption, 1157 for printers, 416 destroying data, 1152–1154 troubleshooting, 547–548 digital, 1159–1160 Server Core Installation, 1109 FAT system, 263 Server Message Blocks (SMB) protocol, 1055 FAT32 system, 265 Server service, Windows, 822, 1083

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12651265 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1266 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

server-based (client-server) networks, shortcuts, corrupted, 901 949–950 shorting probe, 41 servers shoulder surfi ng attacks, 1134 defi ned, 947 shredding applications, 1153 DHCP, 984 shredding hard drives, 1153 DNS, 1117–1118 shredding papers, 1154 net view command, 1062 Shrink Volume command, Disk peer, 949 Management tool, 278 proxy, 1113–1114 shutdown SOHO networks, 985 command for, 712–713 WINS, 1053 options following improper, 914–916 Service Packs, 652–653 Sidebar Service Set Identifi er (SSID), 998, 1195 optimizing, 828 services in Windows, 607 auto-restart caused by, 894 Signature component, ARC, 725 in boot process for Windows XP, 728 signed drivers, 750–751 failure to load, 900–901 SIMD (single instruction multiple data), 135 for networking, 1034–1035 SIMMs (single inline memory modules), restarting, 891–893 70–71, 165–166, 167–168 Windows, 1081–1084, 1108 Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP), Services Administrative Tool, 823–825 1054, 1100 Services console, 1082 Simple Network Management Protocol Services MMC management tool, 802 (SNMP) tool, 518–519, 1055 Services utility, Computer Management, 850 simple volume, dynamic disk, 272 Setup Manager, Microsoft Windows, 643–644 simplex communication, 981 SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol), Single Edge Contact (SEC) chip, 70, 127 1055, 1109 single inline memory modules (SIMMs), SFX specifi cations (microATX power 70–71, 165–166, 167–168 supplies), 302 single instruction multiple data (SIMD), 135 SFX v3.1 (small form factor) form factor, 310 single ported memory, 391 SGML (Standard Generalized Markup single sided memory, 174 Language), 1106 single sign-on (SSO), 1148 SGRAM (Synchronous Graphics RAM), 391 single threaded environment, 768, 798 Shadow RAM, 162 single-channel memory confi guration, 172 share names, 1066 Single-mode fi ber (SMF), 963 Shared Folders utility, Computer 16-bit Windows applications, 771–776, Management, 850 900, 902 share-level access control, 1063–1064 64-bit (x64) architecture, 124, 562, 770–771 sharing Sleep mode, Windows, 600 fi les, 1063–1072 slipstreaming, 652–653 printers, 1072–1074 slot covers, 534 Sharing setting, printer, 425 Small Computer System Interface devices. sheetfeed scanner, 444 See SCSI devices shielded twisted pair (STP) cable, 326, Small Computer System Interface-1 957–958 (SCSI-1), 244 short fi lenames, 663–665 small form factor (SFX v3.1) form factor, 310

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12661266 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1267

Small Offi ce/Home Offi ce networks. solid state drives (SSDs), 51, 254–256, 481 See SOHO networks Sony/Philips Digital Interface Format small outline dual inline memory modules (S/PDIF) connection, 545 (SODIMMs), 170, 181, 481–482 sound cards smart battery, 462 confi guring, 401–402 SMB (Server Message Blocks) protocol, installing, 400–401 1055 on motherboards, 82–83 SMF (Single-mode fi ber), 963 troubleshooting, 545 SMTP (Simple Mail Transport Protocol), types of, 400 1054, 1100 South Bridge chip, 73–75 smurf attack, 1136 spam, 1215 SNMP (Simple Network Management spanned volume, dynamic disk, 272 Protocol) tool, 518–519, 1055 S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface social engineering attacks, 1132–1133 Format) connection, 545 socket services, PCMCIA cards, 480 speakers, 402 socket type, CPU, 144–145 spectrum analysis tools, 1019 socket-based session interface, 1098 speculative execution stage, dynamic socks setting, 1114 execution, 134 SODIMMs (small outline dual inline speed memory modules), 170, 181, 481–482 Blu-ray discs, 253 soft power support, ATX motherboard, 98 CD-ROM, 252 software. See also malware (malicious CPU, 118 software) DMA drives, 231 antivirus, 1194, 1203–1205, 1211 DVDs, 253 codec, 451 memory, 177–178 defi ned, 55 network cards, 1080 File recovery, 290 serial ports and modems, 548 fi rewalls, 1189 SpeedFan tool, 518 malicious, 1159 speeds of UTP cabling, 958 for networking, 1026–1035 spikes, power, 312 for preventive maintenance, 508–509 spin speed, hard drive, 226 tools, 36 spinner, 241 updating, 1211–1214 splitting partitions, 278 Software Update Service (SUS), 1210–1211 spoofi ng attacks, 1136 SOHO networks Spool settings, printer, 425 admin password, 985, 1011–1012 spooler service, 1081, 1083 DHCP settings, 1010–1011 SPP (Standard Parallel Port), 200, 403 encryption for, 1012–1013 Spybot Search & Destroy, 1207 MAC address fi ltering, 1013–1014 spyware router for, 984–985 attacks using, 1140–1141 security for, 986–987 removing, 1207–1208 server for, 985 SQL injection attacks, 1138 SSID settings for, 1009–1010 SRAM (static RAM), 121, 160–161 wireless networking for, 986 SSDs (solid state drives), 51, 254–256, 481 solenoids, dot matrix printer, 414 SSH (Secure Shell) protocol, 1055, 1110

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12671267 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1268 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

SSID (Service Set Identifi er), 998, 1195 stylus, 476 SSID broadcasting subnet mask, 1038–1039 for SOHO networks, 1009–1010 subscriber connector (SC) connector, 964 for wireless networks, 1004–1005 subtrees, Windows Registry, 841 SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), 1103, summary logs for backups, 925 1107–1108, 1150 Super Video Graphics Array (SVGA), SSO (single sign-on), 1148 324, 387 ST (straight tip) connector, 964 Super XGA+ video standard, 387 Standard Generalized Markup Language superscalar design, Pentium processor, 133 (SGML), 1106 surge suppressors, 313 Standard Parallel Port (SPP), 200, 403 SUS (Software Update Service), 1210–1211 standard thick client computer, 577 SVGA (Super Video Graphics Array), standard users, 1172 324, 387 standards swap fi les, 782, 881 for cabling, 958–959 switch-based keyboard, 350 Internet, 1094 switches for wireless networking, 1000–1003 compact.exe command, 681–682 standby (offl ine) UPS, 313 defi ned, 979 Standby mode, Windows XP, 600 nbtstat command, 1059 star topology, 953–954 netstat command, 1060 star-bus topology, 956 star topology, 953 Start menu, Windows, 602 supported by ipconfig, 1056 Starter edition, Windows 7, 565 using instead of hubs, 1194 startup applications, 825 winnt32.exe program, 629–630 static IP address, 1015, 1040, 1042 winnt.exe program, 629 static RAM (SRAM), 121, 160–161 Symantec antivirus software, 1204 StickyKeys feature, keyboard, 355 synchronizing data, 496–497 stopping Windows services, 1081–1082 Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), 164–165 storage card, 367 Synchronous Graphics RAM (SGRAM), 391 storage devices synchronous modem, 59 disk geometry, 222–225 SysInternals tools, 818 eSATA devices, 249–250 system board (motherboard), 67 hard drive terminology, 225–228 system boards, 53. See also motherboards IDE devices, 228–237 system bottlenecks, 795–796 overview, 51–52 System Confi guration utility, 839–841 preventive maintenance for, 519–520 System Control Panel, Windows, 583 removable storage, 251–257 system events, auditing, 1184 SATA devices, 248–250 System fi le attribute, 679–680 SCSI devices, 238–247 System File Checker, 857–858 STP (shielded twisted pair) cable, system fi le extensions, 674–675 326, 957–958 system fi les, 606, 674–675, 918 straight tip (ST) connector, 964 System Information tool, Windows, striped volume, dynamic disk, 272 583–584, 852–853 striped volumes, 1156 system memory, 158 strong passwords, 1134–1135, System Monitor, 803–810 1159–1160, 1193

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12681268 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1269

system partition, 722 loopback address, 1042–1043 system portion of Registry, 880 name resolution, 1046–1053 System Recovery Options screen, 918 NAT, 1044 system resources overview, 1033–1034 DMA, 376–378 planning settings, 1053 I/O addresses, 367–371 private IP addresses, 1043 IRQs, 371–376 proxy settings, 1044–1045 memory addresses, 378–380 public addresses, 1043 System Restore, 608, 1216–1217 subnet mask, 1038–1039 using DHCP, 1041–1042 T TCPView, 895 TDIMon, 895 T1/T3 Internet, 1120–1121 Tefl on-covered cable, 965 tailgaiting, 1141 Telnet, 1054, 1109 tape backups, 256–257, 1156 temperature sensors, processor, 148 Task Manager Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Applications tab, 802 1006 Networking tab, 799–800 temporary fi les, 606, 819–820 Performance tab, 796–799 10 Gigabit Ethernet standards, 969 Processes tab, 800–802 10 megabit Ethernet standards, 967–968 Services tab, 802 Terminal services (Remote Desktop terminating 16-bit Windows environment, services), 822 902 Terminate Stay Resident (TSR) application, unresponsive systems, dealing with, 781 899–900 testing Users tab, 803 backups, 1156 Task Scheduler service, 822, 850, 861–862, when troubleshooting, 21 923 themes, Windows, 827 taskbar, Windows, 601–602 Themes service, 822 taskkill command, 1060 thermal compound, processor, 148 thermal printers, 414 taskkill.exe program, 814–815 thermal sensor, processor, 125 tasklist command, 1060 Thicknet network, 327, 959–960, 962 tasklist.exe program, 814–815 thin client computer, 577 TCP/IP thin-fi lm transistor (TFT) display, 470 alternate IP address, 1042 Thinnet network, 328, 959–960, 961–962 APIPA, 1043–1044 third-party cookies, 1113 changing settings in Windows 7, 1075 third-party encryption software, 1157 confi guring in Windows, 1039–1040 30-pin SIMMs, 166 default gateway, 1039 32-bit (x86) architecture, 124, 562, 769 history of, 1094 32-bit command prompt, 698–699 and Internet, 1098–1099 threads, 122 IP addresses, 1035–1037 throttling feature, 125 IPv4, 1045–1046 thumb drives, 51, 254 IPv6, 1045–1046

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12691269 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1270 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

Thumbnails view, Windows, 594 CD/DVD-ROM, 543 TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), CMOS, 539 1006 connectors, 537 TLDs (top-level domains), DNS, 1117–1118 corrupted memory space, 902 TLS (Transport Layer Security), 1107 corrupted shortcuts, 901 ToggleKeys feature, keyboard, 355 damaged setting, 901 token passing, 966 device drivers, 900–901 token ring, 969–970 device not functioning, 904 tools. See also specifi c tool by name documenting results, 23–24 for diagnosing errors, 882–886 escalating problem, 22 hardware, 34–35 evaluating results, 23 for networking, 981 failure to install, 902–903 for preventive maintenance, 507–509 fi le systems, 288–295 software, 36 fl oppy drive, 541 for troubleshooting, 527–535 GPFs, 903 top-level domains (TLDs), DNS, 1117–1118 hard drives, 541–543 topologies, networking, 951–956 identifying problem, 18–19 Torvalds, Linus, 570 illegal operation error, 903–904 touch pad, 474–475 installing Windows, 645–646 touch stick, 475 keyboard, 543–545 TPM (Trusted Platform Module), 206, 1142 laptop keyboards, 472–473 tracert utility, 1058 laptops, 484–489 tracks, hard drive, 223 memory, 540 Transact SQL statements, 1138 mice, 543–545 transfer corona wire (secondary corona missing fi les, 902 wire), laser printer, 410, 412 modem, 547 transfer rate. See speed monitors, 398–399, 545–547 transistors, 148 motherboard, 539–540 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet networks, 1055–1063 Protocol. See TCP/IP obvious possibilities, 21 transmissions, security for, 1150–1151 parallel ports, 547–548 Transport Layer Security (TLS), 1107 physical environment for, 536 transport protocols, 1098 POST errors, 536–537 Travan tape drive, 257 power supplies, 550–554 triple channel memory, 173 preventing recurrences, 23 triple-core processor, 124 printers, 428–436 Trojan horses, 1139–1140, 1206 prioritizing potential fi xes, 22 troubleshooting. See also utilities, processors, 540 troubleshooting researching potential fi xes, 21–22 AC adapters, 468–469 resources for, 24–25 analyzing problem, 19–20 serial ports, 547–548 applications, 791 services, 891–893, 900–901 backing up settings and fi les, 20–21 sound cards, 545 BIOS, 539 sounds from system, 538 booting errors, 893–900 testing changes, 21, 536

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12701270 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1271

testing related components, 22 unicast network traffi c, 800 tools for, 527–535 Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) USB, 549–550 access methods, 1116 using senses, 538–539 domain names, 1116–1118 ventilation, 537 overview, 1115–1116 video, 545–547 UnInstall key, Registry, 766 warning lights, 537–538 uninterruptable power supply (UPS), wireless networks, 1018–1019 299, 312–314, 895 TrueCrypt, 1157 universal data connector (UDC), 969 TrueType fonts, 780 universal naming convention (UNC) path, Trust Center window, 1203 426–427, 1071 Trusted Platform Module (TPM), 206, 1142 Universal Serial Bus. See USB Trusted Sites zone, 1112 Universally Unique Identifi er (UUID), 207 TSR (Terminate Stay Resident) application, Unix 781 command shells, 1109 Turion 64 processors, 144 socket-based session interface, 1098 TV tuners, 455 unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable, two-way satellite Internet services, 1121 326, 957–958 Update Driver Wizard, 1027–1028 U updating antivirus software, 1211 UAC (User Account Control), 568, 607, 1177 device drivers, 748–749 UDC (universal data connector), 969 security software, 1211–1214 UDMA (Ultra Direct Memory Access) SUS, 1210–1211 standard, 231–232, 329 virus defi nitions, 1205–1206 UDP (User Datagram Protocol), 895, 1054, Windows installation fi les, 652–653 1098, 1190 Windows Update, 1209–1210 UI (user interface), 561 WSUS, 1210–1211 Ultimate edition Upgrade Advisor, Microsoft Windows, Windows 7, 566 647–649 Windows Vista, 565 upgrading Ultra Direct Memory Access (UDMA) BIOS, 191–193 standard, 231–232, 329 laptops, 481–484 Ultra SCSI technology, 245 printers, 420 Ultra Wide SCSI technology, 245 to Windows 7, 649 Ultra XGA video standard, 387 to Windows Vista, 648–649 Ultra2 SCSI (LVD) technology, 245 to Windows XP, 647–648 unattended installation uploading pictures, 449–450 Windows 7, 645 UPS (uninterruptable power supply), Windows Server 2003, 642–644 299, 312–314, 895 Windows Vista, 645 URLs Windows XP, 642–644 access methods, 1116 UNC (universal naming convention) path, domain names, 1116–1118 426–427, 1071 overview, 1115–1116

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12711271 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1272 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), 1093 System Information tool, 852–853 USB Task Scheduler, 861–862 CMOS settings for, 208–209 Windows Memory Diagnostics, 858–860 connectors, 335–337 Windows Script Host, 862–863 installing Windows using, 618 UTP (unshielded twisted pair) cable, on motherboards, 83–84 326, 957–958 ports, 323 UUID (Universally Unique Identifi er), 207 for printers, 417–418 troubleshooting, 549–550 V USB network adapters, 1026 USB sound card, 400 VA (volt-amps), UPSes, 314 User Account Control (UAC), 568, 607, 1177 vampire tap, 962 user accounts, 1061, 1168–1171 VBA (Visual Basic for Applications), 1202 User Datagram Protocol (UDP), 895, 1054, VBScript (Visual Basic Script), 862 1098, 1190 ventilation user fi les, Windows, 605–606 auto-restart caused by problems with, user interface (UI), 561 894 User State Migration Tool (USMT) feature, external, 509–510 Windows XP, 653 internal, 510–512 username monitors, 517 authentication, 1144–1145 troubleshooting, 537 e-mail, 1101 ver command, 716 for user accounts, 1170 version numbers, Windows, 584–585 for workstations, 1161 VESA bus architecture, 103 USMT (User State Migration Tool) feature, VGA (Video Graphics Array), 324, 387 Windows XP, 653 video adapters utilities, troubleshooting built-in coprocessors, 388 Check Disk, 837–839 installing, 391–392 Component Services, 851–852 laptop, 461 Computer Management, 850–851 on motherboards, 80–81 Data Sources, 864–866 resolution, 388–389 defrag.exe, 835–837 special connectors, 387–388 Device Manager, 848–849 supported colors, 389–390 dfrg.msc, 835–837 troubleshooting, 545–547 DirectX Diagnostic Tool, 860 video memory, 390–391 Disk Management, 833–835 video standards, 386–387 diskpart.exe, 833–835 video cameras, 451–452 Dr. Watson, 856–857 video capture cards, 455 Event Viewer, 853–856 video cards, 58–59. See also video adapters expand.exe, 863 video controller. See video adapters Network Diagnostics, 856 Video Electronics Standard Association regedit.exe, 841–847 (VESA), 103 regsvr32, 848 Video Graphics Array (Enable VGA) System Confi guration utility, 839–841 Mode, 911 System File Checker, 857–858 Video Graphics Array (VGA), 324, 387

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12721272 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1273

video operations, 124 W video port, 60, 386 Video RAM (VRAM), 162, 391 wait time, processor, 174 video standards, 386–387 Wake on LAN (WoL), 468 virtual local area network (VLAN), 1194 WAN (wide area network), 951 virtual machine (VM), 124, 211, 263 WAN cellular, 477, 1017 virtual memory, 122, 582, 816–817 WAP (wireless access point), 956, 979–980 Virtual Memory Manager (VMM), war driving, 1195 587, 730–732 warm boot, 68 virtual memory page pool, 586–587 warm swappable components, 753 Virtual Private Network (VPN), 1007–1008, warning lights, 537–538 1081, 1151 watts, 300 virtualization support weak passwords, MBSA, 1213 CMOS settings for, 211 web browser, 1045, 1105 for CPUs, 124 web cameras, 450–451 in Windows, 611–612 Web site fi lters, 985 virtualization workstation, 577 Webcams, 450–451 viruses, 1201–1206 WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), 1005– Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), 1202 1006 Visual Basic Script (VBScript), 862 white-hat hackers, 1132 visual effects, Windows, 827–828 wide area network (WAN), 951 VLAN (virtual local area network), 1194 Wide SCSI-2 technology, 244 VM (virtual machine), 124, 211, 263 Widescreen Ultra Extended Graphics Array VMM (Virtual Memory Manager), (WUXGA), 387 587, 730–732 Wi-Fi networks, 1121 VoIP (Voice over IP), 973 Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), 1006 voltage, 145, 299 Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS), 1016 voltage regulator module (VRM), 125 wildcards, dir command, 699–700 volt-amps (VA), UPSes, 314 WiMax Internet, 1122 Volume fi le attribute, 679 Win modems (software modems), 547 Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS), Win16Mutex fl ag, 772 608, 822, 923 Window RAM (WRAM), 162, 391 volumes Windows. See also installing; Registry; dynamic disk, 272 Windows 7; Windows Vista; status in Disk Management, 281 Windows XP VPN (Virtual Private Network), 1007–1008, architecture of, 585–586 1081, 1151 command line for, 596–597 VRAM (Video RAM), 162, 391 comparing versions of, 562–563 VRM (voltage regulator module), 125 compatibility modes, 786–788 VSS (Volume Shadow Copy Service), Computer in, 593–595 608, 822, 923 computer name, changing, 1046–1047 vulnerability assessment software, Control Panel, 597–601 1212–1213 dual-boot with, 651–652 vulnerability checks, Windows, 1212 fi le systems, 589–591

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12731273 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1274 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

Windows (continued) confi guring TCP/IP, 1039–1040 fi les, 605–606 connecting to wireless networks on, fi nding version of, 582–585 999–1000 GUI elements, 567–570 Control Panel, 601, 610–611 Microsoft Management Console, 601 creating alerts, 806–807 My Network Places in, 596 creating counter log, 808–809 network cards, 1027–1028 DHCP, 1041–1042 network printers, 1073–1074 disabling Aero desktop, 826 networking services, 1081–1084 displaying fi le extensions within, 671 notifi cation area, 601–602 DNS, confi guring, 1051 paging memory, 586–589 e-mail clients, confi guring, 1102 Registry, 591–592 enabling fi rewall, 1187 Remote Assistance, 604–605 Event Viewer, 610, 885 Remote Desktop Connection, 602–603 failure to boot recovery message, 916 removing components, 649–651 File and Printer Sharing, 1064–1065 restoring user data fi les, 653–656 File and Settings Transfer Wizard, 609 sharing printers in, 1072–1073 gadgets in, 607 Start menu in, 602 GUI elements in, 569–570 system requirements for, 566–567 hardware requirements, 623 taskbar in, 601–602 Hybrid Sleep mode, 600 updating, 652–653, 1209–1210 installing, 635–642, 645 upgrading, 646–649 installing network printer, 428, 1074 virtualization, 611–612 installing printer, 423–424 Windows Explorer, 595–596 local security policies, changing, 1176 Windows XP, 563–564 locating and installing device drivers, Windows 2000, 917 740–741 Windows 7 networking in, 1075–1081 accessing Device Manager, 747 Programs Control Panel applet, 764 administrative tools, 610 ReadyBoost, 608 Aero Desktop in, 607 scanning image in, 447 archive bit, 1154–1155 Security Center, 609–610 Backup process, 926 sharing fi les in, 1069 BitLocker drive encryption, 607 sidebar in, 607 boot disks for, 910 System Confi guration utility, 840 boot process for, 729–730 system requirements for, 566 changing default spool folder, 432 System Restore, 608 changing desktop theme, 827 UAC, 607 changing sleep timers in, 466 updating network adapter driver in, 1028 color support, video card, 390 upgrading to, 649 Compatibility Mode, 609, 787 uploading pictures to computer, 449–450 confi guring audio devices in, 454 VSS, 608 confi guring display settings, 396 WINS client, confi guring, 1048 confi guring exceptions to fi rewall, XP Mode, 609, 788–791 1189, 1191 Windows AIK, installing Windows using, confi guring multidisplay support, 397 620–622 confi guring printer properties, 426 Windows boot disk, 36

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12741274 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1275

Windows CD, 36 Backup process, 925 Windows Components Wizard, 650 boot disks for, 910 Windows Defender, 609, 1207–1208 boot process for, 729–730 Windows Error Recovery for improper browsing network resources, 1071 shutdown, 914–915 Compatibility Mode, 609 Windows error reporting, 884–885 Compatibility Mode section, 787 Windows fi rewall, 610, 1079–1080, 1187, connecting to wireless networks on, 1189–1191, 1193 999–1000 Windows Firewall/ Internet Connection Control Panel, 600, 610–611 Sharing (ICS) service, 822 counter log, creating, 808–809 Windows Installer service, 822 desktop theme, changing, 827 Windows Internet Naming System (WINS), DHCP, 1041–1042 1047–1049 disabling Aero desktop, 826 Windows keyboard, 351 display settings, confi guring, 396 Windows Memory Diagnostics, 858–860 DNS, confi guring, 1051 Windows Mobile/Phone OS, 492 enabling fi rewall, 1187 Windows NT, 917 Event Viewer, 610, 885 Windows on Windows (WoW) failure to boot recovery message, 915 environment, 770–771, 773 File and Printer Sharing, 1064–1065 Windows PE, 1216 File and Settings Transfer Wizard, 609 Windows Registry, 841. See also Registry fi rewall, confi guring exceptions to, Windows Resource Monitor, 811–814 1189–1191 Windows Script Host, 862–863 gadgets in, 607 Windows Server 2003, 642–644 GUI elements in, 568–569 confi guring TCP/IP, 1039–1040 hardware requirements, 623 DHCP, 1041–1042 installing, 635–642, 645 DNS, confi guring, 1051 installing network printer, 428, 1074 File and Printer Sharing, 1064–1065 installing printer, 423–424 planning network components, 1034 local security policies, changing, 1176 sharing printer, 1072 locating and installing device drivers, WINS client, confi guring, 1048 740–741 Windows Server 2008, 1109 multidisplay support, confi guring, 397 Windows services, 1108 printer properties, confi guring, 426 Windows Sockets (Winsock), 1098 Programs Control Panel applet, 764–765 Windows Software Update Services ReadyBoost, 608 (WSUS), 1210–1211 Reliability and Performance tool, 803 Windows Tablet PC edition, 564 scanning image in, 447 Windows Update, 609, 1192, 1215 Security Center, 609–610 Windows Vista services, 1082 adding or removing Windows sharing fi les in, 1069 components from, 651 sharing printer, 1073 administrative tools, 610 sidebar in, 607 Aero Desktop in, 607 sleep timers in, changing, 466 alerts, creating, 806–807 spool folder, changing default, 432 audio devices, confi guring, 454 System Confi guration utility, 840

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12751275 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM 1276 CompTIA A+ Certification All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition

Windows Vista (continued) setting microphone as recording source system requirements for, 566 in, 453 System Restore, 608 sharing fi les in, 1067–1069 TCP/IP, confi guring, 1039–1040 sharing printer, 1072 UAC, 607 sleep timers in, changing, 467 updating network adapter driver in, 1028 spool folder, changing default, 431–432 upgrading to, 648–649 Standby mode, 600 uploading pictures to computer, 449–450 System Confi guration utility, 839–840 User Account Control, 1177 system requirements for, 566 viewing LAN connections in, 1029 TCP/IP, confi guring, 1039–1040 VSS, 608 updating network adapter driver in, WINS client, confi guring, 1048 1027–1028 Windows XP upgrading to, 647–648 archive bit, 1154–1155 uploading pictures to computer, 449–450 Backup utility, 922–925 User State Migration Tool (USMT) boot disks for, 875, 909–910 feature, 653 boot process for, 722–729 verifying that Indexing Service is running browsing network resources, 1071 on, 686 color support, video card, 390 viewing LAN connections in, 1029 Compatibility Mode section, 787 WINS client, confi guring, 1048–1049 connecting to wireless networks on, 999 winload.exe command, 730, 877–878 counter log, creating, 808 WinMSD.exe tool, 852 desktop theme, changing, 827 winnt32.exe program, 628–630 DHCP, 1041–1042 winnt.exe program, 628–629 display settings, confi guring, 395–396 WINS (Windows Internet Naming System), DNS, confi guring, 1051 1047–1049 e-mail clients, confi guring, 1102–1103 WINS server, 1053 enabling fi rewall, 1186–1187 Winsock (Windows Sockets), 1098 Event Viewer, 885 wire cutters, 533 File and Printer Sharing, 1064–1065 wire strippers, 533 fi rewall, confi guring exceptions to, 1191 wired connection, 1081 hardware requirements, 623 Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), 1005–1006 i386 folder, 619 wireless access point (WAP), 956, 979–980 installing, 628–635, 642–644 wireless attacks, 1138 installing device drivers, 742 wireless connections, 417, 1081 installing network printer, 427, 1073–1074 wireless cut-off switch, laptop, 487–488 installing new program, 763–764 wireless Internet, 1121 installing printer, 421–422 Wireless Locator icon, Windows 7, 1080 local security policies, changing, wireless network auditing tools, 1019 1175–1176 wireless network card, laptop, 476–477 multidisplay support, confi guring, 397 wireless networking planning network components, 1034 best practices for, 1194–1195 printing test page, 429–430 Bluetooth, 1016–1017 Recovery Console, 919 components of, 997–998 scanning image in, 446–447 connecting to networks, 998–1000 services, 1081–1082 infrared devices, 995–996

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12761276 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Index 1277

performance of, 1018 wscript.exe fi le, 862 security, 1003–1008 WSUS (Windows Software Update SOHO networks, 986, 1008–1016 Services), 1210–1211 standards, 1000–1003 WUXGA (Widescreen Ultra Extended troubleshooting, 1018–1019 Graphics Array), 387 WAN cellular, 1017 WWAN (wireless wide area network), wireless routers, 979–980, 985 1017, 1081 wireless security, SOHO networks, 985 wireless topology, 956 X wireless wide area network (WWAN), 1017, 1081 xcopy command, 706 Wireless Zero Confi guration service, 822 xD (Extreme Digital) card, 256 wireless/cellular card, 367 Xeon processors, 137–138 WLAN AutoConfi g, 1004 XGA (Extended Graphics Array), 387 WoL (Wake on LAN), 468 XHTML (Extensible HyperText Markup workgroup, 1047 Language), 1107 Workstation service, 822, 1083 XML (Extensible Markup Language), 1107 workstations, 1142, 1160–1161 XMS (Extended) memory, 782–783 World Wide Web, 1095, 1107, 1118 XP Mode WORM (write once read many) disc, 252 Windows, 609 worms, 1140, 1206–1207 Windows 7, 569, 788–791 WoW (Windows on Windows) XT keyboard, 351 environment, 770–771, 773 WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access), 1006 WPA2, 1006 Z WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup), 1016 WRAM (Window RAM), 162, 391 ZIF (zero insertion force) socket, 69, writable optical media, 520 126–127, 148 write once read many (WORM) disc, 252 Zip drives, 251 Write permission, 1179 zooming, with camera, 448–449

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12771277 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM Notes ______

553_9781118098790-bindex.indd3_9781118098790-bindex.indd 12781278 88/22/12/22/12 22:17:17 PMPM