Armenian Folia Anglistika Is the Reviewed International Academic Journal of the Armenian Association for the Study of English
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Armenian Folia Anglistika is the reviewed international academic journal of the Armenian Association for the Study of English. Its aim is to foster research of the English Language, Literature and Culture in Armenia and elsewhere, facilitate intel- lectual cooperation between high school teachers and scholars. Armenian Folia Anglistika is intended to be published twice a year. Articles of interest to university-level teachers and scholars in English Studies are warmly wel- comed by the multi-national Editorial Board of the Journal. Articles should be directed to the Editor-in-Chief. The Editorial Board of Armenian Folia Anglistika announces the opening of a new section in the Journal-Armenological Studies, which invites valuable and innovative contributions from such fields as Linguistics, Literary Criticism, Ethnic Studies, Cultural History, Gender Studies and a wide range of adjacant disciplines. Editor-in-Chief: Editorial Board: Dr. Seda Gasparyan, Prof. Yelena Mkhitaryan, Prof. (Armenia) Yerevan State University Dr. Svetlana Ter-Minasova, Prof. (Russia) Alex Manoogian 1 Dr. Olga Alexandrova, Prof. (Russia) Yerevan 0025 Dr. Angela Locatelli, Prof. (Italy) Armenia Tel: (3741) 571660 Peter Sutton, Editor (England) Fax: +(3741) 571660 Dr. Shoushan Paronyan, Associate Prof. (Armenia) E-mail: [email protected] Gayane Muradyan, Associate Prof. (Armenia) Guest editor: Lili Karapetyan, Assistant Prof. (Armenia) ÐÇÙݳ¹Çñ ¨ ·É˳íáñ ËÙμ³·Çñ` Computer Design: 꺸² ¶²êä²ðÚ²Ü Heghine Gasparyan гٳñÇ ÃáÕ³ñÏÙ³Ý å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ` ÈÆÈÆ Î²ð²äºîÚ²Ü Èñ³ïí³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝáÕ §²Ü¶ÈºðºÜÆ àôêàôØܲêÆðàôÂÚ²Ü Lezvakan Horizon вÚÎ²Î²Ü ²êàòƲòƲ¦ ÐÎ http:www.aase.ysu.am 1 Alex Manoogyan,Yerevan Tel.: 57-16-60 ìϳ۳ϳÝ` 03² 065183 îñí³Í` 28.06.2004Ã. E-mail: [email protected] ²Ý·É»ñ»ÝÇ áõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ³ëáódzódz (²Ý·É»ñ»ÝÇ áõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÛ³Ý »íñáå³Ï³Ý ý»¹»ñ³ódzÛÇ ³Ý¹³Ù) ²Ü¶ÈƲ¶Æî²Î²Ü кàîàôÂÚàôÜܺðÆ Ð²ÚÎ²Î²Ü Ð²Ü¸ºê ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ·ñ³ËáëíáÕ ³Ùë³·Çñ ѳٳ·áñͳÏóáõÃÛ³Ùμ` ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ (г۳ëï³Ý) ºñ¨³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý É»½í³μ³Ý³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ (г۳ëï³Ý) ØáëÏí³ÛÇ Ø.ÈáÙáÝáëáíÇ ³Ýí. å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ (èáõë³ëï³Ý) Îñ³ÏáíÇ Ú³·Ç»ÉáÝÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ (Ȼѳëï³Ý) ê³ñ³·áë³ÛÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ (Æëå³Ýdz) ØáÝï»Ý»·ñáÛÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ ºðºì²Ü - 2012 2 Armenian Association for the Study of English (Member Association of the European Society for the Study of English) ARMENIAN FOLIA ANGLISTIKA Reviewed International Journal in cooperation with: Yerevan State University, Armenia Yerevan State Linguistic University, Armenia Moscow State Lomonosov University, Russia Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland University of Zaragoza, Spain University of Montenegro YEREVAN- 2012 3 Armenian Folia Anglistika Linguistics C O N T E N T S Linguistics Gender and Positive Politeness in Facebook Communication .............................................................................................................. 7 Marta Dąbrowska I-Narration: Revealing Narrator’s Selfhood .............................................................. 21 Marika Tonyan Text (Context) Comprehension and Structuring via Different Types of Presuppositions ........................................................................................................ 26 Hranush Tovmasyan The Introduction of Academic Articles on Civil Engineering and Its Linguostylistic Analysis ................................................................................... 35 Minoo Khamesian Syntactic Variability in Spoken English Discourse through Age Dimensions ............................................................................................................ 43 Karen Velyan On Some Aspects of Linguistic Economy in English Academic Discourse .............. 49 Astghik Chubaryan, Ruzan Karapetyan Polysemy in Context ..................................................................................................... 53 Diana Movsisyan On Psychological, Semantic and Structural Aspects of English Colour Terms .................................................................................................. 60 Naira Avakyan, Naira Nersissyan Lexicalization Patterns of English and Armenian Verbs of Speech Activity ................................................................................................ 65 Lilit Badalyan 4 Linguistics Armenian Folia Anglistika On Some Effects of Communication Barriers on the Quality of Candidate Performance and Examiner Judgements ................................................................... 74 Lilit Bekaryan, Irena Gyulazyan Falsehood in Speech and Some Means of its Expression ........................................... 79 Lusine Mnatsakanyan Pragmatic Aspects of Derivatives Functioning in Fiction ......................................... 85 Alla Minasyan Lexical Causatives in Modern English: On Classification of Kill-Verbs .................. 91 Robert Khachatryan Methodology Emotions in the Teaching/Learning Process .............................................................. 99 Gayane Shmavonyan, Lili Karapetyan The Cooperative Learning Method in Teaching EFL to Armenian Students ................................................................................................ 104 Arus Markaryan, Naira Avakyan Culture Studies On Foreigner Talk ...................................................................................................... 109 Ruzanna Arakelyan The Problem of Mutual Understanding across Regional Varieties of English ..................................................................................... 114 Mariana Sargsyan Whimperatives across English, Armenian and Russian Cultures ................................................................................................. 119 Lusine Madoyan On the Proverbial Conceptualization of the World ................................................ 127 Hasmik Baghdasaryan 5 Armenian Folia Anglistika Literature The Peculiarities of Chronotope in Don DeLillo’s Novel “Falling Man” ............................................................................................................. 131 Ella Asatryan The Characteristic Features of the Academic Fiction Genre .................................. 138 Syuzanna Poghosyan Armenological Studies The Third-Generation Armenian American Writers Echo the Quest for Self-Identity with the Genocide at Its Core ........................................................ 149 Rubina Peroomian The Azerbaijani Version of History of National Literature: A Critical Review ......................................................................................................... 162 Hrachik Mirzoyan, Natalia Gonchar 6 Linguistics Armenian Folia Anglistika Gender and Positive Politeness in Facebook Communication Marta Dąbrowska Jagiellonian University he current paper is a contribution to the discussion in progress for about forty T years which concerns the existence of possible differences in the speaking styles of women and men, initiated on a more global scale by the publication of a semi- nal paper by R. Lakoff (1975). The main thesis of her paper could be summed up in brief by a statement that women’s language is deficient, as it is (according to the author) cha- racterised by a number of features indicating that women speak from a position of power- less persons. More specifically, they tend to be excessively polite (which manifests itself through a large number of standard language forms, hedges, question tags, and questions), they show lack of confidence in what they are saying due to a frequent use of the hesitant, rising intonation. What is more, their language is overly affective as they often “speak in italics”, and what they say lacks substance, which is visible in the high frequency of the so called “empty” adjectives, as e.g. cute, lovely, etc. The above statements have proved quite controversial to both men and women, which has led to extensive research into male-female linguistic differences (more than similari- ties, for obvious reasons). This, in turn, has generated a wealth of data and has been able to bring in new perspectives, especially as far as the language used by women is concer- ned, moreover, in many cases it has disproved Lakoff’s original claims. A fairly long list of differences in terms of male and female speaking styles could be drafted as a result, especially as regards the use of language in interaction, e.g., a much greater tendency to interrupt their interlocutors, to occupy a longer speaking time, and to initiate the subjects of conversation on the part of men, a different meaning and frequency of the use of back- channel noises in the speech of the two genders, the character and the meaning of hed- ges and question tags, the male preference for generalisation as opposed to the female personalisation, and indeed, among others, a greater tendency to resort to polite forms of language on the part of women (cf. Swann 2000; Stockwell 2002). The latter feature, among others, has particularly been singled out by feminist researchers who have ana- lysed single-sex interactions (viz. Coates 1993; Cameron 1995), as a result of which a new approach towards specifically the female style of speaking has been proposed follo- wing the assumption that when interacting women employ a cooperative style of com- munication and support each other. This goal can indeed be achieved by means of the above-mentioned features of the female genderlect, and the polite style of speaking occu- pies a prominent position among them. The above processes