The History and Heritage of Gedling Borough
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Gedling Borough Brought Alive The history and heritage of Gedling Borough Gedling Borough Brought Alive The history and heritage of Gedling Borough Compiled and edited by Stephen Walker Abstract: The Borough of Gedling, formed in 1974, is an administrative district in Nottinghamshire. The area has a long history of human occupation. During the industrial revolution, in the 18th and 19th centuries, it was an important centre for textiles, brickmaking and coal mining. In the 20th century it became one of the suburbs of Nottingham. Since the decline of manufacturing and mining in the late 20th century the district has become important as a residential area, with a thriving economy based increasingly on tourism and the service sector. Historically the borough was within the medieval Sherwood Forest and the partially wooded farmland, containing several country parks, still provides an attractive location for leisure and recreation. First published 2019 ISBN 978-1-5272-3774-2 3 | www.gedlingheritage.co.uk Acknowledgements Gedling Borough Council acknowledge the research and input into the project of the following contributors: Mike Chapman (Woodborough Local History Group) Denis Hill (Heritage consultant) Philip Jones Bob Massey (Arnold Local History Group) Nick Molyneux (Nottingham CAMRA) Christopher Peck (Calverton Preservation Society) Mary Rose Hatcliffe John Smith (Lambley Historical Society) Keith Stone (Friends of Bestwood Country Park) Stephen Walker (Heritage consultant) Ann Whitfield Richard Wilson (Gedling Village Preservation Society) Steve Wright (Burton Joyce & Bulcote Local Heritage Society) The Heritage Lottery Fund The staff at Gedling Borough Council … and other volunteers who assisted in the production of this book. Illustrations The maps and images are copyright to Dr Stephen Walker, except image 4: © Trustees of the British Museum image 7: Copyright and permission of Phillip Orme image 16: Reproduced by permission of Arnold Local History Group images 18, 52 & 80: Reproduced by permission of the National Portrait Gallery images 60 & 64a: Copyright and permission of Mrs E. S. Yardley image 65: Reproduced by permission of Keith Stone image 67: Copyright and permission of Dr David Amos image 68: Copyright and permission of Mr S. E. Taylor image 69: Reproduced by permission of Denis Hill images 70 & 73: Reproduced by permission of Inspire Culture image 72: Reproduced by permission of Historic England images 78 & 79: Reproduced by permission of Chris & Teresa Shaw Publication Date: March 2019 copyright © Gedling Borough Council 2019 4 | www.gedlingheritage.co.uk Index Themes Mining Welfare Textiles Water & Water Religion changes & supply Post-war Windmills Landscape Settlement Rebellion & Rebellion World Wars World Chruches & Green Space Green Early History Early Brick making Metal working Beer & brewing Water treatment Water Transport: Water, Roads & Railways Roads Places Page Numbers Arnold 64, 80 45, 47 12 14 8 76, 77 74 20, 28 59 50 75 71 65 Bestwood 63 60 46, 47 12 15, 56 8, 9 59 56 77 74 20, 30 59 53 75 70 65 20, 24 Burton Joyce 80 46, 47 12 8 76 50, 72 75 30 31, 57, 20, 25 Calverton 81 60, 75 46, 47 12 15 8, 9 76, 77 59 53 75 58 31 20, 25 Carlton 64, 81 61, 62 46, 47 12 75 8 76, 77 50, 52 75 32 37, 50, Colwick 12 9 76, 77 33 52 Daybrook 63,64 46, 48 8 77 24, 33 60 50, 52 Gedling 81 47 12 16, 77 8 34, 58 77 20, 34 51, 52 Village Lambley 81 46, 47 10 10 20, 35 75 65 Linby 64, 80 60 47 12 16 9 57 77 74 20, 35 59 52, 53 76 65, 68 Netherfield 48 12 17 10 76 36 60 52 75 Newstead 80 44 12 17, 18 8 59 56, 57 77 74 20, 37 52 Papplewick 64, 80 46, 47 12 17 9 57 74 20, 37 59 75 38, 70 65 Porchester & 24, 32, Mapperley 61, 62 9 76 74 50, 53 75 65 Top 39 Ravenshead 80 46, 48 12 9 76, 77 25, 39 Redhill 64, 80 14 74 29 50 65 Stoke 81 46 12 18 10 20, 40 50 72 Bardolph 41, 46, 20, 24, Woodborough 64, 81 60 12 9 75 48 40 24, 29, Woodthorpe 46, 47 76 53 42 www.gedlingheritage.co.uk | 5 Introduction For several decades diligent local historians and dedicated societies across Gedling Borough in Nottinghamshire have been researching the history of their communities and have consequently produced fascinating works, including books, films, websites and leaflets. Some have created and led heritage walks, given talks, held exhibitions and installed plaques to help us remember the people and events of our borough. However, in recent times it was realised that nowhere could we find a collective history of the Borough of Gedling, which was formed in 1974. To this end Gedling Borough Council, working with local history groups, developed a project and successfully applied for a grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund to produce that collective history. From the commencement of The purpose of this book is redeveloped, demolished or the project, in January 2018, to introduce the reader to disappeared are not generally volunteers from across the the historical features and discussed. However, a visit borough have worked hard, exciting heritage of Gedling to our extensive local studies alongside council officers, Borough, which is not just libraries would soon provide to celebrate our heritage another corner of England the reader with more in- through a variety of ways, but possesses a wealth of depth information. Scattered such as the borough’s first world-class heritage and throughoout the text are ever heritage festival, writing takes the visitor from city postcodes and website and producing interpretation suburbs into the iconic details that will allow you to boards, mosaics, a large English countryside. Gedling find the attractions. wall mural depicting a Borough has previously been thousand years of history, little known outside its own As the Leader of Gedling guide leaflets, a web site and community, but this book Borough Council I am proud heritage films designed to will bring it out of obscurity of our heritage and invite you immortalise our heritage and and into the limelight; we to read this book and then encourage people to become have a great story to tell. This enjoy many exciting days more engaged with our book will whet your appetite discovering our heritage and fascinating past. Residents to learn more about our our natural beauty. You will have been engaged by borough and its personalities. not be disappointed. entering several heritage- based competitions, joining The book concentrates on Councillor John Clarke walks or attending a talk providing the framework of Leader of Gedling or local heritage film show. a general history, and only Borough Council However, this book has discusses places in more become its flagship project, detail if they can be visited available for decades to and seen, thus enabling come, to enthral its readers it to be a guide to tourists with our exciting past. visiting the area, or indeed to our own residents. Features which have been www.gedlingheritage.co.uk | 7 Map 1 - Position of Gedling within Nottinghamshire The Borough of Gedling is one of seven districts in the county of Nottinghamshire. The city of Nottingham is a separate unitary authority. (see map 1 ) 8 | www.gedlingheritage.co.uk 1. Geology and Landscape > www.gedlingheritage.co.uk1. | 9 Map 2 - Geology 10 | www.gedlingheritage.co.uk Over the years, the rocks and the landscape have influenced the lives of people in the borough. The underlying geology is shown on map 2. The oldest surface rock, the Magnesian Limestone strata (also known as the Cadeby Formation), occurs around the village of Linby. This honey-coloured, sandy limestone has been widely used as a building stone in the north-west of the borough. (1) The clay-rich Permian Red Marl (also known as the 1: Stone cottages in Papplewick Edlington Formation) is found in the Leen valley between Papplewick and Bestwood and was once used to make bricks and tiles. After the 18th century Mercian Mudstone (formerly known as Keuper Marl), which forms the ridge between Mapperley and Dorket Head, was also used for brick-making. The highest point in the borough of Gedling is on the ridge close to Dorket Head, in Ramsdale hunting forest was created. Sherwood Sandstone is also Park near Calverton, where The land here was so dry quarried near Ravenshead to the surface is 157m above that it was traditionally used provide builders’ sand. sea-level. The clay soils and only for rough grazing. In the One of the main influences open valleys in the east last century, these dry, sandy of geology after the middle of the borough provided soils have increasingly been of the 19th century was fertile farmland. (2) The used for growing root crops the development of coal villages here are traditionally such as potatoes and carrots. mining. In the west of characterised by buildings However, a more important Nottinghamshire coal constructed of brick. use of the porous Sherwood occurred near the surface, Sandstone beds was as an so the earliest mines were The dry soil developed on underground source of water. located west of Nottingham the soft red sandstones in Bestwood and Papplewick and along the border with the north of the borough pumping stations were both Derbyshire, where the coal naturally supports heath and constructed over deep wells was easy to extract. Within open oak woodland. This which collected pure water the borough of Gedling, was the area where the royal from under the ground. coal occurs in seams deep 2: The landscape at Woodborough www.gedlingheritage.co.uk | 11 beneath the surface, so the elsewhere in the borough.