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Implementasi Protokol Transit Antara Nepal Dan Republik Rakyat China Pada Masa Pemerintahan Perdana Menteri Sharma Oli Tahun 2016-2018

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Implementasi Protokol Transit Antara Nepal Dan Republik Rakyat China Pada Masa Pemerintahan Perdana Menteri Sharma Oli Tahun 2016-2018 IMPLEMENTASI PROTOKOL TRANSIT ANTARA NEPAL DAN REPUBLIK RAKYAT CHINA PADA MASA PEMERINTAHAN PERDANA MENTERI SHARMA OLI TAHUN 2016-2018 SKRIPSI Diajukan Kepada Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sosial (S.Sos) dalam Bidang Hubungan Internasional Oleh : Thareq Kamal Taufik NIM. I72215020 PROGRAM STUDI HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA DESEMBER 2019 ii iii iv ABSTRACT Thareq Kamal Taufik, 2020. The Implementation of the Transit Protocol between Nepal and the People's Republic of China during the Government of Prime Minister Sharma Oli in 2016-2018.Under-graduate Thesis of the departement of International Relations, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, State Islamic University (UIN) of Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Keywords: Implimentation; Effect; Transit Protocol; Export-Import This research illustrates the implimentation and effect of the transit protocol between Nepal and the People's Republic of China during the Government of Prime Minister Sharma Oli in 2016-2018. The approach in this research is a qualitative approach. To collect the data, the researcher utilized documentary technique. To conduct analysis, the researcher employed Milles and Huberman’s descriptive analysis technique. This study founded that the Transit Protocol was implementented in four fields, namely: in export-import trading; Chinese port access for Nepal; and also Chinese provided rail and cargo services for Nepal. There were two effects of the Transit Protocol; firstly, the increasing of Nepal’s export and import value to People's Republic of China from 2016 until 2018; secondly, the increasing of transit points for Nepal in People's Republic of China ports; the establishment of new train routes from Nepal to People's Republic of China; and special treatment for Nepal cargos in People's Republic of China’s ports. ABSTRAK Thareq Kamal Taufik, 2020. Implementasi Protokol Transit antara Nepal dan Republik Rakyat China pada masa Pemerintahan Perdana Menteri Sharma Oli Tahun 2016-2018. Skripsi Program Studi Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Ampel Surabaya. Kata Kunci: Implementasi; Dampak; Protokol Transit; Ekspor-Impor Penelitian ini menggambarkan implementasi dan dampak protokol transit antara Nepal dan Republik Rakyat China pada masa Pemerintah Perdana Menteri Sharma Oli pada 2016-2018. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Untuk mengumpulkan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik dokumenter. Untuk melakukan analisis, peneliti menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif Milles dan Huberman. Studi ini menemukan bahwa Protokol Transit diimplementasikan dalam empat bidang, yaitu: dalam perdagangan ekspor-impor; Akses pelabuhan China untuk Nepal; dan juga China menyediakan layanan kereta api dan kargo untuk Nepal. Ada dua dampak Protokol Transit; pertama, peningkatan nilai ekspor dan impor Nepal ke Republik Rakyat China dari 2016 hingga 2018; kedua, meningkatnya titik transit untuk Nepal di pelabuhan Republik Rakyat China; pendirian rute kereta baru dari Nepal ke Republik Rakyat China; dan perlakuan khusus untuk kargo Nepal di pelabuhan Republik Rakyat China. vi digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL .................................................................................................... i PERNYATAAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PENULIS ....................................... ii PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING ...............................................................................iii PENGESAHAN .......................................................................................................... iv MOTTO ....................................................................................................................... v ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. vi KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................... vii DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................viii DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................................ x DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................. xi DAFTAR DIAGRAM ................................................................................................ xii BAB I: PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................... 1 A. Latar Belakang Masalah .................................................................................... 1 B. Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................. 8 C. Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................................... 8 D. Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................................... 8 E. Tinjauan Pustaka .............................................................................................. 9 F. Argumentasi Utama .......................................................................................... 13 G. Sistematika Penulisan Skripsi .......................................................................... 14 BAB II: KERANGKA KONSEPTUAL .................................................................... 17 A. Implementasi ................................................................................................... 17 B. Protokol Transit Nepal .................................................................................... 19 C. Ekspor-Impor................................................................................................... 22 BAB III: METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................................... 29 A. Pendekatan dan Jenis Penelitian...................................................................... 29 B. Subjek dan Objek Penelitian ........................................................................... 29 C. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................................. 30 D. Teknik Analisis Data ....................................................................................... 30 E. Teknik Pemeriksaan Keabsahan Data ............................................................. 33 F. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ........................................................................... 36 G. Tahap Penelitian .............................................................................................. 37 BAB IV: PENYAJIAN DAN ANALISIS DATA ..................................................... 40 A. Perubahan Sistem Pemerintahan Nepal pada Tahun 1960-2015 .................... 40 B. Kerjasama Protokol Transit Nepal-China pada masa Pemerintahan Perdana Menteri Sharma OliTahun 2016-2018 .......................................... .. 43 C. Implementasi Protokol Transit antara Nepal dengan Republik Rakyat China pada masa Pemerintahan Perdana Menteri Sharma Oli Tahun 2016-2018 ........................................................................................... 46 1. Kegiatan Perdagangan Ekspor-Impor antara Nepal dengan viii digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id Republik Rakyat China .............................................................................. 46 2. Pemberian Akses Pelabuhan Republik Rakyat China ke Nepal ................ 49 3. Menyediakan Jalur Layanan Kereta Api yang Menghubungkan Republik Rakyat China ke Nepal ............................................................... 55 4. Penambahan Layanan Kargo Kemas ......................................................... 63 D. Dampak Protokol Transit antara Nepal dan Republik Rakyat China pada masa Pemerintahan Perdana Menteri Sharma Oli Tahun 2016-2018 ............ 67 1. Peningkatan Perdagangan Ekspor-Impor Nepal dengan Republik Rakyat China ............................................................................................ 67 2. Penambahan 7 Poin Transit Pelabuhan bagi Nepal di Republik Rakyat China ............................................................................................ 73 3. Penambahan Jalur Kereta Api .................................................................... 75 4. Pelayanan Khusus Kargo Kemas Nepal di Republik Rakyat China .......... 79 BAB V: PENUTUP ................................................................................................... 83 A. Kesimpulan ..................................................................................................... 83 B. Saran ................................................................................................................ 85 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................ 87 ix digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id DAFTAR TABEL 1. Rekapitulasi Perdagangan Ekspor-Impor Nepal dengan Republik Rakyat China Tahun 2016-2018
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