VOL. 28 • NO. 2 • JUNE 2013

THE OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER OF THE WORLD FEDERATION OF NEUROLOGY

World Congress of Neurology: Vienna in September INSIDE

By Donna Bergen, MD features he 21st World Congress of Neurology WFN Elections 2013 (WCN 2013) will be held Sept. 21-26 Nominating committee recommendations in Vienna, in conjunction with the T and candidate statements. page 4 European Federation of Neurological Societies and the Austrian Society of The International Working Neurology. The theme of the congress will Group of Young Neurologists be Neurology in the Age of Globalization. and Trainees (IWGYNT) The first World Congress in Vienna IWGYNT seeks to represent the was the eighth in 1965, with Sir Gordon interests of junior neurologists within Holmes among the honorary presidents. the World Federation of Neurology The president was Hans Hoff, the vice pres- (WFN). page 12 ident was Franz Seifelberger, the scientific Building Local secretary was Helmut Tschabitscher and Networks of Expertise the general secretary was Franz Gersten- Establishing international scientific brandt, who also will take part in the 21st relations among physicians and basic World Congress of Neurology. The presi- scientists, holding teaching courses and dent of the World Congress of Neurology providing research groups a common Vienna 2013 is Professor Eduard Auff, from basis to work together. page 12 the Austrian Neurological Society. The World Congress of Neurology in The success of Vienna is likely to be particularly well at- Haoua Ousseini Sidibe, MD tended, since both the European Federation This is the story of the first female P lan your travel now to Vienna in the fall for World Congress of Neurology Sept. 21-26, 2013. of Neurological Societies (EFNS) and the neurologist trained for Niger. pag3 e 1 Austrian Neurological Society have agreed NIRVE: A Tale of Five Continents to combine their annual meetings with the worldwide. The Scientific and Educa- neurology societies will also be represent- The Neurology International Residents World Congress of Neurology. The broad tional courses of WCN2013 will include ed on the program. Videoconference and Exchange activities and vision of the upcoming WFN contributions by the World Federation of Spend time with the WCN2013 promotes international collaboration Congress will help to shape the future of Neurosurgical Societies and the World program to learn more about the congress beyond political or geographical borders neurology in the age of globalization. Psychiatric Associations, on subjects of session and to plan your travel and and health care infrastructures. page 15 The congress reflects the global interest to neurologists. Many subspecialty accommodations. • membership of the World Federation of Neurology, its member societies repre- senting neurologists from 113 countries. SEE PAGE 4 FOR INFORMATION ABOUT CANDIDATES FOR WFN ELECTIONS 2013 This congress, as others, will represent the scientific and clinical interests of neuro- scientists around the world, with a special emphasis on European and Austrian neu- rology. Highlights include a plenary lec- Early Neurological Films at Medical Congresses ture by Nobel prize winner Eric Kandel, By Peter J. Koehler Negro), Bologna (Vincenzo Neri), London in 1895, the same year that Wilhelm whose recent book, “The Age of Insight,” uring the past decade, historical (S.A. Kinnier Wilson), Utrecht (Magnus) Conrad Röntgen discovered X-rays. explores the neural phenomena behind neurological films gained popular- and Leiden (Rademaker); many surfaced However, it also was accompanied by a the artistic innovations of Viennese D ity in the neurological community. during the past decades. scandal, when films made by the Paris painters Egon Schiele and Gustav Klimpt, Early films were made by neuroscien- The educational program of the Amer- surgeon Eugène Louis Doyen were ille- and the theories of the subconscious of tists in several cities, including Leuven ican Academy of Neurology meetings gally sold by his cameramen and shown Sigmund Freud, who was also Viennese. (Van Gehuchten), Paris (Paul Sainton), included a session on archival neurological at fairs and coffee houses. Not everyone Over the past several years, the WFN Berlin (Paul Schuster and Arthur Si- films for years. In fact, the use of cinema- realizes that neurology took interest in and other global neuroscience organiza- mons), Bucharest (Georges Marinesco), tography for medical purposes started photography and photochronography tions have begun joint discussions and Philadelphia (Theodore Weisenburg), soon after the Lumière brothers demon- for recording gait and movement disor- projects designed to provide a strong Boston (Denny-Brown), Turin (Camillo strated their first film for paying audience see FILMS, page 11 voice for the promotion of brain health 2 www.wfneurology.org • june 2013

From the Editor-in-Chief

WORLD FEDERATION OF NEUROLOGY Editor in Chief Dr. Donald H. Silberberg

WFN OFFICERS President Dr. Vladimir Hachinski (Canada) Advancing Our Goals First Vice President Professor Werner Hacke (Germany) Secretary-Treasurer General Dr. Raad Shakir (United ow can we help individuals A New Force Neurology will publish the description of a Kingdom) with neurological problems obtain A truly promising development is the developing network in the United States. ELECTED TRUSTEES the best possible care in every coun- entry of our most recent trainees who can Readers will want to see descriptions of sim- Dr. Wolfgang Grisold (Austria) H Dr. Ryuji Kaji (Japan) try? The World Federation of Neurology, play a unique role. They are networking ilar developments in their countries. I invite Dr. Gustavo Roman (USA) representing about 27,000 neurologists intensively around the globe, taking full those involved to send me their accounts. CO-OPTED TRUSTEES from 113 coun- advantage of electronic communication, Donna Bergen (USA) tries, plays a developing exchanges and building bridges An Invitation to All Readers Stephen Sergay (USA) potentially criti- that were so difficult to do just a few years Your descriptions of neurologic education, REGIONAL DIRECTORS cal role in this ago. The reports in this issue — “Neurolo- services, needs or relevant history in your Dr. Ahmed Khalifa (Pan Arab) Dr Bruce Sigsbee (North America) effort. Through gy International Residents Videoconference country or region may be interesting to Professor Richard Hughes (Europe) its officers, 15 and Exchange: A Tale of Five Continents,” your colleagues in many other countries. Dr Riadh Gouider (Pan Africa) Professor Marco Tulio Medina (Latin America) committees by Mary Jane Lim Fat and colleagues, and I welcome notes or articles; please send Professor Man Mohan Mehndiratta (Asia-Oceania) and over 20 the report from The International Working them to me at [email protected]. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR working groups, Group of Young Neurologists and Trainees upenn.edu. Keith Newton the WFN seeks (IWGYNT) — are excellent examples of Also, recent articles of interest are World Federation of Neurology Hill House Heron Square Richmond to educate, what is happening and what is possible. sometimes published in journals that Surrey, TW9 1EP, UK Donald H. advocate and Their increasing involvement and are not indexed internationally, or may Tel: +44 (0) 208 439 9556/9557 Silberberg Fax: +44 (0) 208 439 9499 support research potential leadership is most welcome. otherwise escape notice. Please send me [email protected] and clinical care As they move into EDITOR OF THE JOURNAL in many parts residency train- OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES of the world. A particular focus is to bring ing and begin to Dr. John England (USA) improved services to areas that are under- provide neurologi- A truly promising development resourced. cal services, many A major function of the World seek opportunities is the entry of our most recent Congress of Neurology, which is to contribute to WORLD NEUROLOGY, an official publication of the World Federation of Neurology, provides reports from held every other year, is to work toward education, research trainees who can play a unique role. the leadership of the WFN, its member societies, these goals, not only by formal and clinical care neurologists around the globe and news from the cutting-edge of clinical neurology. Content for World presentations, but by the informal beyond their own Neurology is provided by the World Federation of contacts that lead to collaborative countries. This will Neurology and Ascend Integrated Media. work. Appropriately, a major theme lead to increased sharing of information, citations that you think should be seen by Disclaimer: The ideas and opinions expressed in World Neurology do not necessarily reflect those of this year will be “Making the Case for experiences and ways to improve care. readers of World Neurology. the World Federation of Neurology or the publisher. Neurology,” addressing how neurologists Part of this groundswell is networking I look forward to meeting you in The World Federation of Neurology and Ascend Integrated Media will not assume responsibility for can influence public policy toward these that is taking place among residents and September in Vienna and to discussing the damages, loss or claims of any kind arising from or aims. See story on page 1 for more infor- fellows in order to share and develop op- ways in which we can work together to related to the information contained in this publica- tion, including any claims related to the products, mation about the World Congress 2013. portunities abroad. In its next issue, World advance these goals. • drugs or services mentioned herein. Editorial Correspondence: Send editorial correspon- dence to World Neurology, Dr. Donald H. Silberberg at [email protected]. vania. During his years in Philadelphia (1962- both his enthusiasm and knowledge. In Memoriam World Neurology, ISSN: 0899-9465, is published 1967), I greatly valued Goldensohn’s friend- His efforts were invaluable for people bimonthly by Ascend Integrated Media, 7015 College ship and his gentle but expert guidance for a with epilepsy in every country. He was Blvd., Suite 600, Overland Park, KS, 66211. Phone +1-913-344-1300; Fax: +1-913-344-1497. newly minted member of the Penn faculty. delighted to accept invitations to visit for- Eli S. Goldensohn ©2013 World Federation of Neurology His understanding of clinical epilepsy was mer trainees in many countries, including By Donald Silberberg, MD amazingly complete, ranging from concepts Belgium, Peru and Taiwan. Goldensohn li S. Gold- of causation to the best possible treatments served as president of the American Clini- ensohn, for individuals with epilepsy. cal Neurophysiology Society, American Publishing Partner E a pioneer It was during those years that he EEG Society, the Eastern EEG Society Ascend Integrated Media in the develop- pioneered the development of video-EEG and of the American Epilepsy Society and President and CEO ment of video- monitoring at a time when the available chair of the Professional Advisory Board Cameron Bishop EEG monitor- equipment was rudimentary. Goldensohn of the Epilepsy Foundation of America. Vice President of Business Development ing, passed carried out key laboratory studies to The AES William G. Lennox Award was Tim Nass away March understand the pathophysiology of the among his many honors. Vice President of Content 22, 2013, at epileptic focus in animals, and from that Goldensohn was particularly proud Rhonda Wickham the age of 97. the possible substrates of an epileptic of having assembled and published his Vice President of eMedia During his discharge in patients. He was doing “trans- late brother Leon Goldensohn’s inter- Scott Harold long career, he was on the faculties of lational research” before the term was views of Nazi defendants and witnesses Vice President of Sales the University of Colorado, University invented. His warmth and modesty were at the Nuremberg Trials (“The Nurem- Darren Sextro of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, the inspiring. He never lost those qualities. berg Interviews,” 2004, Knopf ). Project Manager College of Physicians & Surgeons at Co- As he supervised many residents and epi- Goldensohn will be sorely missed Amanda Marriott lumbia University, and after retiring from lepsy fellows, he consistently emphasized the by his many friends and colleagues, and Art Director Columbia, he spent more than a decade at importance of interpreting EEGs based on un- most of all by his loving family, Betty, Lorel Brown the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. derlying physiological mechanisms rather than his wife of 75 years, his children Ellen Editorial Offices Trained as a neurophysiologist, he was relying on pattern recognition alone, which and Marty, his grandchildren, Ben, 7015 College Blvd., Suite 600 recruited into neurology by G. Milton was the general approach at the time. During Sasha, Rosie and Emma, and two great- Overland Park, KS 66211 +1-913-469-1110 Shy during their Colorado days. Shy later his career, Goldensohn had a major impact grandchildren, Sophie and Theo. Eli brought him to the University of Pennsyl- on many clinicians and scientists, transmitting and Betty’s son Richard died in 1985. • International Advertising Darren Sextro www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 3

From the president JNS: New Editor, New Face, New Content he Journal of Neurological Sciences (JNS) of Neuroscience and head of the Depart- is the official journal of the World ment of Neurology, Louisiana State Uni- T Federation of Neurology (WFN). versity Health Sciences Center School of The journal will have a new face, i.e. cover, to Under the leadership of Robert Lisak and Medicine in New Orleans as the editor-in- his team, the journal has grown steadily in chief beginning July 1, 2013. The trustees reflect its expanding role and content. In ad- its impact factor, approved this selection enthusiastically. circulation and England graduated in medicine from dition to a distinguished international board, income for the the West Virginia University School WFN. We are of Medicine. He did his residency in the journal will have six associate editors most grateful medicine and neurology at the Medical to Lisak, his University of South Carolina followed team and his by research and neuromuscular fellow- indispensable ships at the Hospital of the University and an associate editor of Neurology and C. and Yvette C. Villere endowed chair manager, Susan of Pennsylvania. Subsequently, he held Clinical Neurophysiology. of Retinal Degenerations, professor of Hutton, for full-time faculty positions at the University The journal will have a new face, i.e. Ophthalmology, Biochemistry, Molecu- their dedication of Colorado School of Medicine and the cover, to reflect its expanding role and lar Biology and Neurology and director and accomplish- Vladimir Louisiana State University Health Sci- content. In addition to a distinguished of the Neuroscience Center of Excel- ments. Hachinski ences Center School of Medicine in New international board, the journal will have lence at the Louisiana State University The Publica- Orleans, where he has been chair of the six associate editors: Health Sciences Center, New Orleans: tions Commit- Department of Neurology since 2007. • Carmel Armon, chair, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences tee of the WFN under the chairmanship In addition to his distinguished career Neurology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Cen- • Bruce Ovbiagele, Admiral Paul E. Pihl of Professor Christopher Kennard after an as an investigator in neuromuscular disor- ter/Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty endowed chair of Neurosciences, professor extensive and thorough search, recom- ders, he also has held many relevant edito- of Medicine: Best Practices, a feature of Neurosciences and co-chair, Depart- mended to the WFN Trustees the ap- rial positions, including being an editorial aimed at physicians doing neurological ment of Neurosciences, Medical University pointment of John D. England, The Grace consultant for several journals, a member work in differently resourced settings. of South Carolina: Outcomes Research Benson professor of Neurology, professor of the editorial board of Muscle and Nerve • Nicolas Bazan, Boyd professor, Ernest • Donald Silberberg, professor of Neurol- ogy, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and past senior associate dean for International Medical Programs: Third International Conference on EFNS-ENS Joint Congress, Istanbul World Neurology. He is also the editor of Neurology and Epidemiology (ICNE 2013) 2014 World Neurology, our online news publica- 2013 Nov. 21-23, 2013 May 31-June 3, 2014 tion, which puts him in an ideal position Abu Dhabi, UAE Istanbul Second SFCNS Congress: Swiss to highlight contributions in the journal. http://www.icne2013.com http://www.efns.org/EFNS-ENS-Joint-Congress- Federation of Clinical Neuro-Societies • Daniel Truong, director, The Parkin- Istanbul-2014.877.0.html son’s and Movement Disorder Institute, June 5-7, 2013 Society of Neuro-Oncology Annual Fountain Valley, Calif.: Reviews, Commen- Montreux, Switzerland Meeting Movement Disorder Society Annual tary and Editorials. http://kongress2.imk.ch/sfcns2013/ Nov. 21-24, 2013 Congress 2014 • Nicole Villemarette-Pittman, assistant San Francisco, USA June 8-12, 2014 Fifth Asian-Oceania Congress of professor of Neurology, Louisiana http://www.soc-neuro-onc.org/ Stockholm Clinical Neurophysiology (5-AOCCN) State University Health Sciences Center http://www.movementdisorders.org/congress/ Aug. 28-31, 2013 School of Medicine in New Orleans: past_and_future.php Bali, Indonesia Managing Editor in New Orleans We look forward to JNS’ continuing http://aoccnbali2013.com/ Congress of the European Committee growth in excellence, circulation and reach for Treatment and Research in Multiple 2014 and its increasing role in addressing issues XXI World Congress of Neurology Sclerosis 2014 and offering solutions in global neurology. • Sept. 21-26, 2013 Eighth Symposium on Neuroprotection Sept. 10-13, 2014 Vienna and Neurorepair — 2014 Boston, USA http://www2.kenes.com/wcn/Pages/Home.aspx April 9-12, 2014 http://www.ectrims.eu/conferences-and-meetings Mark Your Calendars Mark Your Magdeburg, Germany WFN Headquarters European Paediatric Neurological http://www.neurorepair-2014.de/ Ninth World Stroke Congress Society (EPNS) Congress Oct. 22-25, 2014 Office is Moving Sept. 25-28, 2013 Alzheimer’s Disease International Istanbul Brussels fter five years in Richmond- Annual Conference 2014 http://www.world-stroke.org/meetings/world-stroke-congress upon-Thames, WFN Headquar- http://www.epns2013.be/ May 1-4, 2014 ters Office is relocating to new San Juan, Puerto Rico A Congress of the European Committee premises in London. The new address http://www.adi2014.org/ for Treatment and Research in Multiple is in Hammersmith at 1 Lyric Square, London W6 0NB. The new telephone Sclerosis International Child Neurology Congress and fax numbers are: Oct. 2-5, 2013 2014 • Telephone: +44 (0) 203 542 7857/7858 Copenhagen May 4-9, 2014 • Fax: +44 (0) 203 008 6161 http://www.ectrims-congress.eu/ Igazu Falls, Brazil All of the attractions and features http://www.icnapedia.org/ XVI World Neurosonology Meeting of central London will remain at hand Oct. 17-20, 2013 for any members and visitors, and the Sofia, Bulgaria office is easily accessible to and from http://www.nsrg2013.net/ Heathrow Airport on the London underground via the Piccadilly Line. • 4 www.wfneurology.org • june 2013

hree officers and one trustee are to be elected at the Council of Delegates Annual WFN Elections 2013: Nominating General Meeting (AGM) in September during the World Congress of Neurology in T Vienna. The nominating committee of the World Federation of Neurology now recommends to the membership those listed here as candidates in accordance with the Committee Recommendations Federation’s Memorandum and Articles of Association.

Recommended candidates One Elected Trustee President (to take office WEF, Jan. 1, 2014) (to take office WEF, September 2013) Werner Hacke, Germany Donna Bergen, USA Raad Shakir, UK Amadou Gallo Diop., Senegal Additional Candidate Marco Medina, Honduras Nominated under Article 6.3 of the constitution Ching Piao Tsai, Taiwan (http://www.wfneurology.org/cache/ downloads/9zf2tk7klb4k8ccsskgswoso8/ Candidates’ biographical details mem_ArticlesOfAssoc.pdf) and statements of their goals and Gustavo C. Roman, USA objectives for the organization are on Schonbrunn First Vice President pages 4-10 Palace (to take office WEF, Jan. 1, 2014) To nominate another individual: in Vienna, Austria. William Carroll, Australia • Obtain the supporting signatures of five Ryuji Kaji, Japan or more authorized WFN delegates. Secretary-Treasurer General • Submit the name(s) of the individual(s) (to take office WEF, Jan. 1, 2015) in question to the Secretary-Treasurer Stanley Fahn, USA General, c/o the WFN headquarters Wolfgang Grisold, Austria office, by Aug. 15, 2013. •

candidate statement: president Tbilisi, Georgia and of the Universidad My Main Objectives los Andes, Santiago the Chile, Chile Partnership and Education I plan to further develop the coopera- Werner Hacke, MD, PhD, DSc (hon), FESC International Activities tion with our sister societies and the During the past 25 years, I have devoted much specialty groups to improve and coordi- eurology is changing rapidly! Klaus Poeck, a former vice president of time to international teaching activities. Many nate educational activities throughout The spectrum of neuro- the World Federation of Neurology. I also delegates will know me from their national or the world, cooperate in conferences N logical diseases is undergoing spend time in Bern, Switzerland, with Pro- regional neurology and stroke conferences, at and projects, and make brain health and major changes in incidence, spectrum fessor Marco Mummenthaler. In 1986-1987, which I have had the honor to speak. Under care for neurological diseases a high and therapeutic options. There is an I was a visiting professor at the Scripps my leadership the Department of Neurol- priority within the WHO and within increase of Clinic and Research Foundation in La Jolla, ogy in Heidelberg has hosted more than 200 the health systems of all our member- neurological San Diego, Calif. When I was 38 years old, fellows and exchange scientists from all parts ship countries. I also wish to convince diseases in an I was elected chair of the Department of of the world, some of them now in leading more colleagues to actively participate unprecedent- Neurology at the University of Heidelberg, positions in their home countries. As the chair in WFN committees and tasks. ed manner a position that I have held since 1987. I of the conference Supervising Committees Research and Implementation all over the have been on the editorial board of several of both WFN and WSO, I have prepared the Neurological research is of highest qual- world. While neurology journals including the Journal of biannual sequence of the World Conferences ity. We must continue to support science, infectious Neurological Sciences and European editor of Neurology (WCN) and helped with the but we also need to facilitate translation diseases of the Journal Stroke for five years. In addi- organization of the WCNs in Marrakesh and high level of the new finding in clinical are still a tion, to highlight the fact that I represent Vienna, and the World Stroke Conferences in practice, knowing that differences in major health neurology beyond cerebrovascular diseases, Cape Town, Vienna, Seoul and Brazil. financial resources are a huge obstacle. problem in I am the sole author of the leading German The implementation of progress in diag- low and middle income countries, all neurology textbook “Neurologie,” now WFN Activities nosis and therapy of neurological diseas- societies are facing a massive increase in its 13th edition, which I took over from My first WFN activity was connected with es has been suboptimal even in relatively of noncommunicable diseases linked to my mentor Professor Klaus Poeck 12 years the WCN 1985, when I was the assistant to rich societies. We need to improve our risk factors and aging population. ago. This has kept me in close touch with the conference president for the Hamburg standard of care on all levels and in all Neurological services all over the general neurology. World Congress of Neurology. societies. We have to continue research world need to be expanded and health Shortly thereafter, in 1987, I became the for better treatment, but we also have to systems have to be prepared for the forth- Honors founding chair of the Research Group of make available cheap evidence-based ap- coming challenges. We need to combine • MD thesis at the Technical University in Critical Care Neurology. I became an elected proaches for our patients in countries, in our efforts with our friends and colleagues Aachen (Dr. med.) trustee of the WFN in 2006 and I was elected which modern medicine can not yet be in the World Brain Alliance, neurosur- • Master of Science in Psychology from first vice president of WFN in 2009. I have financed. Custom-made implementation geons, psychiatrists, neuroradiologists and the Technical University Aachen (Dipl.- served as the chair of the Conference Su- of scientific progress may be achieved child neurologists, to name a few, and our Psych.) pervising Committee, and in this function, I by exchange and teaching programs for peers in the large neurology specialty soci- • PhD in Neurology from the Technical was involved in the creation of the guidelines scientists and physicians. eties. Together we can make a difference, University of Aachen for conference site selection and bidding Advocacy and Public Awareness and the WFN is the ideal partner for the • President of the German Society of procedures. I am also chair of the Fundraising We must raise the profile of neurology. WHO to lead these efforts. Neurology 2001-2003 Committee of the WFN. I support the work Neurology and brain health has never • Doctor honoris causa from the Georgia of the Brain Alliance with the World Federa- received the attention in the public that Background State University (DSc (hon)) tion of Neurosurgery and Psychiatry and the it deserves. Considering the amount of I was born in post-war Germany in • Honorary Member of several inter- International Brain Research Organization. funding and public interest that is given 1948. I received my university training in national and national Neurology and I have started the Neurology Specialty Net- to cancer, AIDS and heart disease, we both psychology and medicine from the Stroke Societies work in which we try to coordinate the activi- have a long way to go. I will strive to RWTH (Technical University) Aachen, • President of the European Stroke Orga- ties of WFN and several large international put neurology to the forefront of public Germany. I took my neurology train- nization (ESO) 2008-2010 specialty societies such as the World Stroke awareness and convince decision mak- ing at the Department of Neurology at • Honorary President of the European Organization, the Movement Disorders Soci- ers all over that brain health is the most the Aachen Medical School under the Stroke Organization (2012) ety, the international league against epilepsy, important one, and there is no decent guidance and leadership of Professor • Honorary Professor of the University of child neurology and others. human living without a healthy brain. • www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 5

candidate statement: president have to look at the list of former WFN from the developed countries in all WFN presidents to be humbled by the talent and activities. This will be done by enhancing achievements of each and every one of educational programs, grants, symposia, Raad Shakir and go home after meetings, having made them. Can I do something different? After CME, traveling fellowships, accreditation friends and learned from others. They also alot of soul searching, I have decided that and postgraduate training programs. All present their experiences in neurological I can. My plan I think is simple. Global in- of these activities can only be accom- he WFN has been part of my life practice and research and create new ideas volvement through regional empowerment. plished with a sound financial founda- for 32 years. It all started when I and relationships. It has been my role to work with my tion. I feel that as secretary-treasurer, I T presented a paper at the 1981 World The WFN is necessary as a conduit for trustee colleagues to try to involve as have proved that the WFN is a financial Congress in Kyoto. I soon realized that channeling activities whether scientific, many neurologists as we can in various success and will continue to be so in the neurology is an international fraternity clinical or therapeutic, as well as social activities. We have sometimes succeeded, future. of like-mind- interactions with like-minded individuals. and at other times have not. If every International organizations need ed people Although one hears from various col- neurological society is to have its say, the dedicated and hard-working individu- who strive to leagues across the world about the overall WFN must have the mechanisms to listen als who can give their time and commit understand value and usefulness of the WFN, when and fulfill as many of those wishes and themselves to the greater good. The and advise it comes to world congresses, there can requests as possible. Regional organiza- vision comes from many people, but it is each other. be no doubt that every neurologist from tions are there to bridge the gap. They are then vital to listen, assimilate and discuss This was all corners of the globe will endeavor to at various stages of evolution, some are if we are to come up with cohesive solu- made more attend and present his or her work. Many mature and very much involved, while tions to issues, which however problem- poignant as I from the more developed parts of the others may not be at that level but are still atic, are solvable. was already world feel privileged to be asked to speak trying their best to move ahead and may The WFN is an organization run by an émigré in scientific sessions and teaching courses request WFN advice and guidance. One six elected trustees. They are answer- from my own to impart their experiences to colleagues has to say that as much as the WFN thinks able to the highest authority in the country of birth, Iraq. After finishing who may not have the same access to it represents the views of member societ- organization, the Council of Delegates. my undergraduate medical degree at technological advances. ies, they are the ones who really know If elected as president, I will adhere Baghdad University, I headed to the U.K. The WFN matters because it brings to- better and should be listened to. strictly to this principle and decisions to train in neurology. Thereafter I could gether national, regional and international If elected, it will be my goal to intro- will be made only by consensus of the not go back to Iraq because of war. organizations in an egalitarian and friendly duce a mechanism of organized devolu- trustees with full participation of re- Neurology came to my aid, and I went manner. At the WCN, all participants feel tion, both administrative and financial, gional directors who know their regions to work in neighboring Kuwait. At that they are part of a global umbrella organi- from the center to the regions and individ- better than anyone else. time, a new medical school was being zation, and this is what gives the meetings ual societies in order to ensure benefits for So, to answer the second question, established, and I ended up as academic their importance and uniqueness, as this all. This needs to be made more tangible, yes, I can make a difference. vice dean. After another war in the may not happen in national or regional so that all stakeholders feel they are a real With your help, I sincerely hope we region, my family and I had to leave with meetings. During my tenure as WFN part of the process. The WFN should foster can achieve these goals. • few possessions. After a period of being secretary-treasurer general, and coming and encourage the burgeoning expansion Footnote jobless and stateless, we were fortunate from my background, I have always tried of neurology in developing countries, 1. President’s column, World Neurology 1991, to be able to come back to the U.K. This to make sure that the whole world is rep- while at the same time maintaining interest Vol 6, Number 2. was only possible because of the WFN resented and actively interacting. and my friends and colleagues. I am The role of the WFN as a repre- greatly indebted to Lord Walton, then- sentative of neurology in international president of the WFN, for his support forums is crucial. The WHO recently and that of many WFN colleagues from recognized neurology as a speciality, across the world who enabled me to re- and it is now part of the section of establish my career as a neurologist.1 mental health and noncommunicable I have been a WFN delegate since diseases. This culminated, in 2009, in Hamburg 1985, a member of various com- the formation of the Topic Advisory mittees (Education, Public Relations and Group (TAG) on neurosciences to Finance), and chair of a WFN Research review ICD 10 and come up with ICD Group (Tropical Neurology). I have been 11 in 2015. I am privileged to chair this involved in the organization of four World group, which includes neurology and Congresses (London, Bangkok, Marrakesh neurosurgery. With the help of many and Vienna). As secretary-treasurer general colleagues from across the world, this since January 2007, I was subsequently project is going well. re-elected for a second and final term. I can The WFN has donated a substan- say with confidence that I probably know tial grant to the project, and we have the WFN intimately. At least I thought I did already made important changes in the until I asked a close neurology friend for way neurology is categorized in the advice on whether I should run for presi- WHO. As everyone knows, Ministries dent. The answer made me think hard and of Health report health statistics to the search deeply for a reply. The two ques- WHO. Stroke, the most devastating and tions posed were: Why is there a WFN, common neurological condition, was and can you really make a difference? They classified under cardiovascular disease. made me think hard, searching for a reply. With the efforts of many in the TAG, es- pecially the World Stroke Organization, Why Is There a WFN? and with full agreement of our cardiol- Does It Matter? ogy colleagues, the WHO has agreed to As we all know, international bodies move stroke to neurology in ICD11. have their admirers, beneficiaries and All these activities would not have been critics. I dare say the latter group is not possible without the WFN. So to answer the insubstantial. To state the obvious, the first question, yes the WFN does matter. WFN is a forum for all to see what is happening in their region and across Can I Really Make a Difference? the world. Neurologists meet, interact This is a more difficult question. I just 6 www.wfneurology.org • june 2013

in turn critical to the third. to the stable growth of the WFN, the candidate statement: first vice president The development of a constantly fulfillment of its mission and the achieve- growing and maintained e-mail registry ment of the stated goals. Listed are some William M. Carroll, Mb, Bs, Md, Fracp, Frcp(E) of individual neurologists will provide a of the positions that I have held, or cur- modern communication platform that rently occupy, supporting my candidacy. he Australian and New Zealand ganization to fulfill the role as a global fed- should facilitate rapid interaction with General Association of Neurologists eration and embark on sustained endeavors neurologists directly or through their 1988-1996, 2001-present T (ANZAN) and the Neurological in education and advocacy of which there national and regional organizations build- Head, Department of Neurology, Society of Thailand together with the have been some notable examples. The ing the strength of the WFN. Improved Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Chinese Neurological Society have hon- first is the Africa initiative, which aims to communication will complement the Australia ored me by improve the accessibility to and quality of earlier modernizing initiatives and lead to 1992-2000 nominating neurological care for all Africans, especially a greater sense of commitment, contribu- President and Councilor, ANZAN me for this those in sub-Saharan Africa. The second tion and benefit from WFN membership. 1996-2004 important is the Asia initiative, which together with In 2009, as chair of the Membership Com- Neurology Editor, Journal of Internal position. regional assistance of ANZAN and drive mittee, I was tasked to address the issues Medicine My as- from its current executive and membership, of dues and weighted voting based on size 1998-present sociation with has seen the AOAN move toward self- of membership and dues. The resulting Chair, Multiple Sclerosis Australia the WFN sufficiency and to have confidence to hold “Fairness in the WFN” paper addressed Research Management Council began as biennial congresses. The WHO also has mainly the value of contribution. Now, I 2003-present president of recognized the growth and standing of the believe we need to address the benefit to Editor (Asia and Pacific) of Multiple the ANZAN WFN in a number of areas. members so that all members should feel Sclerosis Journal when, at the The WFN continues to face challenges they are both contributing to and benefit- 2007-present London World Congress of Neurology to its goal of fostering quality neurology ing from WFN membership. Direct and Vice President, Pan-Asian Commit- (WCN) in 2001, I presented the success- and brain health worldwide. timely communication will undoubtedly tee for the Treatment, Research and ful bid to host the XVIII WCN in Sydney Foremost among these are: assist our progress to a more cohesive and Investigation of Multiple Sclerosis in 2005. In 2001, I was also elected as a • To maintain and grow sustainable fund- effective global organization. (PACTRIMS) WFN trustee and served two terms. As ing for the WFN, 2008-2012 president of the 2005 World Congress of • To protect and grow the WFN visibility Goals Vice President, Asian and Oceanian Neurology in Sydney, I was proud of its and accessibility and • To protect and grow the visibility of the Association of Neurologists educational, social and financial success. • To promote and sponsor initiatives that WFN brand 2012 I chaired the WFN Fundraising can “leverage” growth in neurological in • To continue to modernize WFN com- Western Australian of the Year — Committee subsequently, served as a regions of need such as Africa, Central munication and processes Business and Professions member of the Membership Committee, Asia, parts of Eastern Europe and South- • To reach more areas in need of neuro- WFN which I now chair, the Publication and east Asia. logical care and expertise and to review 2001-2006 Website Committee the editorial board In these difficult political and finan- and expand existing regional initiatives Elected Trustee of the World Federa- of World Neurology, the Task and Advi- cial times, it is the internal strength of • To reach, communicate and partner with tion of Neurology sory Force for Neurology in Africa, the the WFN that will determine its ability others to assist the WFN achieve its goals 2004-2008 Asia initiative and the World Congress to meet these challenges. Through its • To ensure the optimum balance of WFN Director of the World Neurologi- Supervisory Committee. During this structure based on inclusivity and a leader- contribution and benefit for members of cal Foundation time, I have met and worked with many ship that recognizes the need to adapt, the WFN 2005 leading national and international figures the WFN has this internal strength. The • For the WFN to be the point of first President, XVIII World Congress of associated with the WFN and have come electronic reformatting of World Neurol- call for national member societies and Neurology in Sydney, Australia to appreciate the contribution made by ogy, the modernization of the website and individuals requiring assistance on edu- 2005-2009 them and the advantages the WFN offers the move to a biennial World Congress cational issues. Chair Fundraising Committee as a global organization. rotating successively through the WFN re- 2009-present gional organizations are evidence of this. Personal Qualities and Experience Chair Membership Committee Reasons for Candidacy This adaptive process needs to con- The role of first vice president requires a 2009-present For 12 years, I have observed the WFN tinue in order to address the first two of balance of experience, energy and team- Member Congress Supervisory expand its activities and modernize its or- the challenges referred to above, which are work. I believe I will contribute effectively Committee •

strongly pushed me to become a neurolo- endemic dystonia-parkinsonism in her candidate statement: first vice president gist. I chose my field as EMG and hometown. Collaborating with Filipino clinical neurophysiology, and after being neurologists, we could clarify the Ryuji Kaji trained in the U.S., I returned to Kyoto causative gene, the pathology and University with Professor Jun Kimura, treatments. We could not make it without fter serving as an elected nate information in neuroscience, who became the new chair of Neurol- dedication of the local experts, and trustee for six years and as the to foster international collaboration ogy after his carrier in Iowa. I am glad he were fortunate to return the achievements A chair of the Asia Initiative for in research and to help neurologists initiated me into WFN as I like this line back to patients. The lesson we learned three years, I would like to introduce in developing nations provide of work very much indeed. We for the was that the collaboration has to be myself as a neurological services.” The Japanese first time discovered IVIg as effective in bilateral rather than unilateral. Working candidate for Society of Neurology was founded in treating multifocal motor neuropathy, a with our colleagues in neurogenetics, the first vice 1960, being encouraged by WFN. mimic of ALS. I also became interested we discovered new genes causing ALS president. Per request from WFN, the Japanese in treating dystonia with botulinum toxin such as OPTN and TFG. Society hosted the first Asian Oceanian using EMG skills, entering into the field of Background Congress of Neurology (AOCN) in 1962 movement disorders. International Activities When WFN in Tokyo. When I took the chair in Tokushima During 2000-2006, I served as an was launched As a young medical intern in Kyoto University in 2000, I organized a team executive member of the International in 1957, its in 1981, I attended the World Congress accepting fellows from Asian countries. Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology aims were of Neurology held there. The exposure Among these, a Filipino neurologist (IFCN). I planned and led an expert “to dissemi- to the distinguished neurologists drew our attention to lubag disease, an meeting for setting new electrophysiologi- www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 7

WFN on a sound financial background, candidate statement: secretary-treasurer general but encourage spending on future projects and also co-sponsorship with Wolfgang Grisold, MD International organizations such other institutions or scientific or na- as the WFN need a strong organizational tional societies. This will need a regular want to apply for the position of with regional societies. structure to support and service the budget update, which should inform secretary-treasurer general for the It has regional initiatives in Africa, efforts of the organization. The on the current financial activities as I upcoming election at the WCN 2013 Asia and South America, collaborates present organizational structure has well as enable budget planning in larger in Vienna. with global institutions, such as the been overwhelmed by the increasing dimensions. I have been a member of the WFN WHO, and sponsors several projects, range of WFN activities and needs to be The WFN’s bylaws and Education including grants, exchange programs, adapted. The organization is a U.K. charity organizational guidelines have served Committee a website and educational activities and will need to internationalize to meet it well over its history, but no longer for more than structured as exchange programs, the growing support needs of its officers seem to fulfill its present-day needs. 10 years, have teaching centers and also teaching and committees. For example, the continued change chaired this courses jointly with the EFNS. The This cannot only be achieved by in leadership throughout the committee WFN has an official journal, The Journal an increase of human ressources, but organization can result in a loss of and am now of the Neurological Sciences and a regular also the increased implementation of continuity. By contrast, many societies co-chairing. magazine, World Neurology, that is further “virtual offices,” such as the elect their presidents one year earlier I am chair of available online and will be vital for adoption of Google technology, which than the elected term, keeping the the Teaching the future activities of the WFN. is just the beginning. The continuing past president in place for some time Course Com- A successful cooperation with the aim should be to implement an in order to exploit that person’s mittee. Since AAN making Continuum available in organization structure capable of knowledge and achievements Bangkok 2009, I am an elected trustee low income countries is a permanent meeting the many needs of the during the turnover of command. of the WFN, and was re-elected in 2012 educational success. WFN while increasingly exploiting This model might be a solution for for a second term. This profusion of activities and modern media. key WFN committees, where the I was responsible for organizing offices has had an impact on the No society can work without adequate current rapid transition can be the educational program in Marrakech, WFN’s organizational and financial funding, and previous management disruptive and are not acceptable in and currently for the WCN 2013, structures, and it will fall to the decisions have prudently positioned the a society of the duties and dimensions where I am also the congress secre- secretary-treasurer general to provide WFN with adequate funds to endure as the WFN. tary. Being an active part in the new the platform for improving the efficiency one or two years without income, The same refers to the portfolios organizational tasks, which have been of both. which could result from the cancellation of the elected trustees of the WFN, introduced into the WFN in the past of a congress or a major financial crisis. which need to be defined in more detail years, I have experience and structural Application Scheme The sources of finances for the WFN in regard to duties and responsibilities. knowledge of the WFN’s organization, The position of the secretary-treasurer include not only membership dues but In the context of a large organization, which is necessary for this important general is an important position of trust also income from congresses and this will help to use resources more position. situated between the president and the publications. Additional sources of effectively. The World Federation of Neurology elected trustees, the secretariat and its revenue are more difficult to realize, In summary, my goals as is comprised of 114 international mem- 114 member societies. especially as worldwide support from secretary-treasurer general for the ber societies in 113 countries that aim The role of the secretary-treasurer industry has significantly diminished. WFN will be the “to foster quality neurology and brain general should, on one hand, involve This is a loss on one hand and an • adaptation and improvement of the health around the world.” This mission collaboration with the president and opportunity on the other to seek new society’s organization, is ultimately intended to improve the trustees in promoting and resolving means of fundraising. Over time, the • transparency and communication, and outcome of patients with neurological important issues, offer suggestions WFN has experienced increased operating • a sound financial concept. disease. and solutions and improve an develop expenses, in particular through its Due to the insights and impression The WFN has undertaken many administrative tasks, and on the other worldwide initiatives, grants and spending I have gathered both as a member as opportunities to promote its mission hand, develop a service-oriented on member activities that help to well as a trustee of the WFN, I am internationally through its world communication with our members in realize its main goals as a global scientific convinced that I can fulfill this function congresses, which are carried out order to improve the needs of this global society. to the satisfaction of the WFN and its biannually in joint cooperation society. The future aim will be to keep the members. •

cal criteria for ALS, which became well Association of Neurology (AOAN) to pro- Asian countries including Japan and China Goals and Objectives known as IFCN Awaji criteria. As a mote the meeting. It was a great success have a steep surge of the aged during • To further develop the regional initia- member of International Executive not only in science and education but also 2000-2030. In future years, other develop- tives including Africa, Asia, and Latin Committee of the Movement Disorder in financial aspects. Its surplus and WFN ing countries should join. The number of America, newly forming Pan-Arab Society since 2009, I engaged in vari- educational grants for Asia now form the stroke patients in Japan increased by Initiative, all represented by the local ous educational activities on movement firm basis of the new AOAN administra- more than one million over the last neurologists, disorders. tion. We decided to have the meeting decade. The expenses of care exceed • To create and promote regional meet- every two years rather than four years in $50 billion (U.S.) per year, causing ings that will compare to EFNS meet- WFN Activities the past. downturn of the Japanese economy. ing in the long run, Under the presidency of Professor The next AOCN is hosted by our We urgently need to increase awareness • To increase the travel grant for devel- Aarli, I worked as the chair of the colleagues in Hong Kong in 2014, of stroke prevention among people in oping nations to join the delegates membership committee, welcoming and promises success because a large Asia and other regions, for coping with meeting, and Albania, Algeria and Kazafstan as new number of Chinese neurologists are neurological diseases in the aged is a • To work in concert with the new members. In 2010, President Vladimir expected to attend. These activities major issue of the mankind. president to create a new world help- Hachinski appointed me to chair the succeeded in revitalizing AOAN along Through my experience in Asia, I ing each other in neurology. newly formed Asia Initiative, which covers the cause of WFN. believe that the same approach should I will work hard for the cause of the region of more than 60 percent of the Asia is exploding in population, be effective for other parts of the world: WFN, regardless of the outcome of this global population. AOCN was going to be and the accelerated aging brings All of the efforts have to be bilateral, election. held in Melbourne, Australia, in 2012, and neurological disorders such as stroke respecting developing regions and their But, if I am elected first vice presi- I helped conveners and Asian Oceanian and Alzheimer’s disease to the forefront. neurologists. dent, I will work even harder. • 8 www.wfneurology.org • june 2013

candidate statement: secretary-treasurer general candidate statement : trustee Stanley Fahn, MD with health professionals in both organiz- advancing better treatments. Much of this ing the meeting and speaking in it. goal is achieved by the combination of edu- cite some of my leadership and in- With the American Academy of Neurol- cation and research. My vision of the WFN Professor novative past activities as an example ogy (AAN), in my stint on the Science Com- is that it should serve as a major vehicle to Iof my qualifications for the position as mittee, I came up with the arrangement enable the entire world community of neu- Ching-Piao Tsai secretary-treasurer general of the WFN. for adding Poster Sessions to the annual rologists to better achieve this goal. The I am the H. Houston Merritt professor meeting before any such sessions had been WFN is especially vital for neurologist who am section chief of the Neurological of Neurology carried out at any neurology meeting. In are not members of a subspecialty society Institute at Taipei Veterans General and director my chairmanship of the AAN’s Education and are located in parts of the world where I Hospital and National Yang-Ming Uni- of the Center Committee, I created the concept of evening there is no strong national neurological versity, Taipei, Taiwan. I am also clinical for Parkin- seminar case presentations, starting with the society to assist in their education. professor at the National Defense Medical son’s Disease establishment of the Unusual Movement The WFN has been the sponsor of School, and Other Disorder Seminars and co-chaired these the World Congresses of Neurology Taiwan. Movement with Marsden; these were so popular that (WCN). In fact, the WFN is probably I gradu- Disorders at we conducted two seminars at each of the best known by neurologists for these ated with a Columbia annual meetings. I co-chaired these sessions congresses, rather than for its other MD degree University for 20 years. Based on our success, other activities, such as its journals. If I am from China Medical Cen- subspecialists began their own evening case elected secretary-treasurer general, I Medical ter in New presentation seminars. These continue to would learn about all the federation’s University, York. I remain active in patient care and remain an excellent method of teaching. activities, and help make the WFN Taichung, teaching, having trained more than 130 I co-founded the Parkinson Study Group become better known by neurologists Taiwan. movement disorder fellows over the with Ira Shoulson; this group organizes and around the world. We can assist isolated After suc- years. Throughout my career, I have been conducts clinical trials on Parkinson disease. neurologists by not only having them cessfully involved in clinical research, and earlier in I served as co-chair for its first 10 years. attend our congresses but by sending completing my internship and resi- basic science research. As examples of my leadership roles, I superior educators to visit them in areas dency, I went on to pursue my aca- I consider myself to be innovative and was elected president of the AAN, having where education has been weak. demic research interests as a research creative in that I came up with the idea previously served in other officer levels. I am pleased to say that I have attended fellow in leading institutions overseas of uniting movement disorder specialists I also served as first vice president of the almost all of the WCNs since I was neurol- including: the University of Sydney, by organizing an international society, American Neurological Association (ANA). I ogy resident in the early 1960s. The WCN Australia, where I obtained my and was able to successfully execute this was the first president of the Movement Dis- should be promoted to serve as a forum for Master of Medicine degree; Virginia activity. For this task, I asked C. David order Society. In my own academic depart- neurologists, particularly those from parts University, USA; and Utano National Marsden to join me in co-founding the ment at Columbia University, I organized of the world where no major neurological Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. Movement Disorder Society (a member and developed the Movement Disorder Divi- meetings are held and where no strong so- To date, I have contributed more society of the WFN). One purpose for sion. I organized numerous international ciety promotes the interests and education than 50 peer-review papers in the field that formation was to create a journal conferences on dystonia, myoclonus and of neurologists. For these neurologists, of neuroscience to the international for the subspecialty and for it to contain Parkinson disease, and actively managed the the WCN should be a magnet for a place scientific and medical community. I videotapes of patients being described. publication of those proceedings. to meet one another and learn about the am editor-in-chief of Acta Neurologica Five leaders in the field were invited to I have received several honors and prizes. latest advances in neurology. Taiwanica and serve on the editorial meet in my hotel room in Hamburg in I was elected a member of the Institute of With the AAN, I have just finished serv- and review committees for the Journal the fall of 1985 during the meeting of Medicine of the U.S. National Academies. ing four years as the chair of the Meeting of Pediatric Neurology, Journal of Pediat- the World Congress of Neurology, and From the AAN, I received the Robert Management Committee. My experience ric Infectious Disease, and the Journal of together we laid out the plans for the Wartenberg Award for Outstanding Clinical in planning AAN meetings could be useful Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. society’s founding and establishing its Research, the A.B.Baker Award for Excel- in helping the planning and execution of I am an office-bearer and member journal. Marsden and I became the first lence in Neurological Education, and was future WCNs. The WCN must not only of many distinguished professional so- co-editors of Movement Disorders. the first recipient of the Movement Disorder be strong financially, but also must inspire cieties and organizations. I am former In another creative mode, I organized Award. From the ANA, I was the recipient neurologists from around the world to president of the Asian and Oceanian the World Parkinson Coalition in 2004 of the First Soriano Award. From the Parkin- attend and obtain a valuable educational Association of Neurology, as well as for the purpose of sponsoring a World son’s Disease Foundation, I was awarded the experience. Raising funds for travel grants past president of the Taiwan Neuro- Parkinson Congress, in which the par- James Parkinson Medal given once a decade. for young neurologists, especially those logical Society, where I am currently ticipants would not only be neurologists, From the American Parkinson Disease Asso- in training from financially troubled parts chief supervisor and national delegate. but would include patients, families and ciation, I received the Fred Springer Award. of the world should be a tactical goal. I also hold prestigious leadership ap- care providers, as well as health profes- I also devote some of my time to assist Having these neurologists experience the pointments, including serving on the sionals (including non-neurologist physi- patient organizations. I am the scientific WCN would introduce them to the value Boards of Directors for the Internation- cians, nurses, physiotherapists, speech director of the Parkinson’s Disease Founda- of these meetings, and hopefully instill in al Alliance of Motor Neuron Disease therapists, etc.) and neuroscientists. tion. I serve on the Board of Trustees of them the knowledge as to how useful the and for the Orphan Drug Committee, The first World Parkinson Congress the Dystonia Medical Research Foundation. WCN can be for educational and scientific Department of Health, Taiwan. was held in 2006 in Washington, the advancement. Asia-Pacific is an emerging region second in 2010 in Glasgow, Scotland, Vision Statement If I am elected secretary-treasurer in the world with a growing population and third will be held this October in Although I have attended many World Con- general, I will serve an active role and try as well as increasing neurologists. Thus, Montreal. The congress has gathered gresses of Neurology sponsored by the WFN, to benefit the organization in whatever a trustee elected from the Asia-Pacific professional societies and lay organi- I have not been engaged at any executive means I am capable of. Since national region is crucial. I would like to express zations as partners in sponsoring the level with the organization. Thus, if elected, neurological societies are the actual my gratitude for the support during my congresses. More than 3,000 attendees I would come to the WFN with “fresh eyes,” members of the WFN, the WFN should AOAN presidency between year 2012 participated in each of the first two and no preconceived notions. Instead, I could reach out to these societies, and through and 2016. I am devoted in the bilateral congresses. The scientific program of use my skills and knowledge from working them, to their members, to exchange relationship between Asia-Pacific region the congress holds the interest for all with other organizations on how to make ideas, on what each society’s role should and WFN. He is the best candidate for of these disparate groups and has them the WFN more meaningful to the lives of be and how each can be helpful to the the running of the trustee of WFN. This talking to each other. This is the only the international community of neurologists. others. Harmony, cooperation, engage- nomination is fully supported by the Parkinson meeting in which patients The primary goal of neurologists is to im- ment and joint participations should be Taiwan Neurological Society and your and care providers play an equal role prove neurologic health by providing care and encouraged for the benefit of all. • support will be much appreciated. • www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 9

capacity building, such as medical Not only for sympathy, but because candidate statement: trustee education in mass media, epilepsy, it would have a tremendous impact poliomyelitis and measles eradication in on projects of implementing Amadou Gallo, DIOP, MD, PhD Africa. world-class neurology in developing As WHO consultant, I have countries. It also would strengthen am professor of Neurology, training in neurology and neurosciences, gathered patients, families and health the health policies for Epileptology and Neurosciences collaborative researches and and social professionals to set up the noncommunicable diseases, which I at the University Hospital of initiatives for improving the availability Senegalese League Against Epilepsy are dramatically increasing in terms Dakar, Senegal. I am 54 years old; and quality of care for neglected (ILEA). In my roles as founder and of morbidity and mortality in the graduated MD in 1988 in Dakar and populations. Since 2000, I have been current president, I have contributed “South.” The rainbow light must touch specialized responsible for post-graduate education to raise awareness among the general the WFN. As a WFN Trustee, my in neurology of junior medical staff and trainees population, and community leaders. mission statement is to bring into (Universities coming from 14 African countries, This league is a recognized leader action my years of diverse and rich of Toulouse, by setting up training and specialization by WHO, (ILAE) and International experience, enforced by an ability to France and certificate in neurology in the Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE), which overcome any kind of obstacles. I Dakar, University of Dakar. This academic awarded me in 2001 the title of will share with the member societies, Senegal). course enrolls 25 students from Africa Ambassador for Epilepsy. We have particularly from the developing world, I obtained annually. We are proud that over 12 years, contributed in setting up and chairing concrete success stories and facts. My my PhD we have many graduates who are now the first Commission on African Affairs origins are from the South, namely in neurobiol- serving as neurology specialists in their of the ILAE. Africa, but I will be dedicated to the ogy in countries, including, for some of them, I have played a key role in world. Limoges, the first neurologist ever. In 2010, I set the Global Campaign against I am running for a position of WFN France, in 1995 and served as up, at Dakar, the first University Diploma Epilepsy organizing in Senegal the Trustee and in order to contribute in assistant professor of Michel Dumas, of Epileptology in Sub-Saharan Africa. first Demonstration Project in reaching these goals, my main and only at the University Hospital of Twenty-nine trainees from eight African Africa. I have been the coordinator concerns are: Limoges, for four years. I also have countries have completed this brand and main author of the first WHO • A world where neurology contributes expertise in public health and health new course. I am the past-chairman advocacy report on “Epilepsy in to human health management and promotion (University of Nancy, of the Society of Neuroscientists of the WHO African Region: Bridging sustainable improvement in every France). Africa, which aims to promote clinical the Gap.” This advocacy and policy country I was promoted to the position and basic neurosciences across the document for Africa intends to raise • Clear-cut, efficient cooperation and of professor of Medicine in 1996 continent. awareness, fight against taboos exchanges between developed and after a continental contest and was Before deciding on priorities, one and discrimination toward people developing countries ranked first. I have co-chaired with has to know facts. I set about doing this with epilepsy and reduce the burden • Strengthen training opportunities for Professor Johan Aarli, father of the by creating the Neuro-Staff Africa of their condition. We train doctors doctors and paramedics all over the “Africa Initiative” of the World Directory, which is contributing to and paramedics in Dakar and in world, with diversified international Federation of Neurology. I am chairing improve our communication with the the region to better diagnose seizures partnerships it currently. world. The data are open to all, for the and treat them. Schoolteachers also • Make an impact on policies that will The participation in several scientific first time, an opportunity to have the have been trained on this common take into account raising the burden conventions in 53 countries across contact of any individual working in disorder among the young, which leads of noncommunicable diseases all the world and having grown in a Africa in clinical, surgical and basic to many cases of school withdrawal around the world. multicultural, multilingual environment neurosciences and psychiatry (names, due to ignorance. We have set up a The African member states of make me a real citizen of the world. telephones, e-mails as well as fields of Cheap Drug Bank as in the model I the WFN are not a majority, therefore All of these experiences have given interest). visited in Chile. my eventual election as a trustee, me an international open vision and In terms of clinical care, I continue I also have been the convener of would and should be global. Every approach for global health care and to carry a large clinical load by several international scientific meetings in voice in my favor, coming from education. consulting 4,000 patients per year, Dakar and elsewhere. One of the major Europe, Middle-East and Maghreb, My feet are deeply rooted in the soil from Senegal, international institutions outcomes has been the African Declara- Americas, Asia and Oceania should of the African continent with its enrich- located in Dakar and neighboring tion against Epilepsy, which has been reflect the world in its diversity and ing young and promising environment. countries. Very often and in very difficult proclaimed in May 2000. its ambition to see WFN survive My brain is dedicated to always try situations, my team and I travel to rural Author of more than 300 scientific sustainably, with full understanding and reach the excellence. My hands are areas for care delivery and training via communications and publications, I of its future, and its balanced, generous widely open to the world’s diversity and two innovative initiatives: Neuro-Caravans have been honored to be a co-author of vision. infinite opportunities. and Caravans for Epilepsy. I have WFN Handbooks on Public Health and My achievements, if ever Son of a teacher, I am convinced created these concepts, which entail WFN Education Committee’s Seminars consecrated, by a WFN trustee that education and training are the a two-day session of consulting and also Pedley and Engel’s Epilepsy position, should give courage to the keys for bridging any gap and go on a large number of people, training Textbook. new generation of neurologists from beyond the borders raised by economic, health staff, meeting community leaders I keep abreast with the latest everywhere to go beyond any environmental and human factors. and caring for patients residing far from developments in my fields by undertaking intellectual border and make the A specific characteristic of my capital cities in resources-limited areas. study and professional visits to world more open with confidence personality is to gather people around Since May 2005, we have applied these worldwide renowned institutions and and commitment. important goals; try to obtain innovative public health methodologies was able to build partnerships with consensus when there are antagonisms. for contributing and reducing the neurodi- medical services such as: UCLA, McGill, Summary of my Vision However, when the time comes for agnostic and treatment gap. And it works. Heemstede, Tokushima, and several • Ambition for a first-class neurology making a decision, I am able do so in Every year, I lecture for 450 institutions in France, Pan-Arab Union worldwide a gentle and balanced way. With medical students, postgraduate trainees and in Africa. • Friendship and partnership between these qualities and your support, and nurses. The fact that I have member societies I will carry out the WFN’s vision: intervened on local and international What Would I Contribute? • Reinforce regional management “fostering quality neurology and brain media for health education and counseling As I see it, the way the WFN • Integrity in governance health worldwide.” requires a sense of public responsibility should operate is through mobility • Commitment to youth in and dedication. The fields I have and partnership. Time has really neurosciences Achievements emphasized over the years is how to come for the “South,” particularly • Attention to any need, especially for Over two decades, I have been better help people with neurological Africa, to reach that level of responsibility low- and middle-income developing closely involved in promoting diseases, raise awareness and develop in World Neurology governance. countries. • 10 www.wfneurology.org • june 2013

• Its cordial liaisons with the most influ- research grants. Deepening our relation- candidate statement: trustee ential international subspecialty neurol- ship with WHO will place neurological ogy organizations can promote efficient disorders more vividly onto the global Donna C. Bergen, MD of the Scientific Program Committee for collaborations in education, research and health care agenda. Attracting more young the next World Congress of Neurology advocacy in a time of shrinking resources. neurologists into the WFN will ensure the ver the past decade, the WFN has in Vienna, and membership on the World • The formation of the Global Brain Alli- growth of the organization. Reaching our evolved into a more ambitious, Health Organization’s (WHO) neuro- ance offers an opportunity to internation- goal of helping establish more neurology O dynamic organization, with a logical advisory panel to revise the ICD-10 al neurology, neurosurgery and psychiatry training programs in Africa will allow the clear mission and an energetic leader- diagnostic codes. During those years, the to speak with a single, powerful voice on WFN to identify other regions where ship. My goal as a trustee is to ensure global burden of neurological disorders behalf of those with brain disorders. neurologists are scarce and where support the continu- has grown and aging populations have • Collaborative projects with the World would be useful. Increasing the number ation of this expanded in all parts of the world, requir- Health Organization can focus attention of the WFN’s member societies, or of growth and ing an increased allocation of health care on global neurological disorders and associate members from countries where to expand the resources to provide for those with stroke, identify the need for training more neu- neurologists are scarce and no society influence and dementia, epilepsy and other chronic neu- rologists in many parts of the world. exists, should bring new perspectives and effectiveness rological disorders. Methods of prevention • WFN educational projects aimed at neurol- energy into the WFN. of the WFN. or reducing the incidence of many of these ogists, primary care physicians and others International neurology as an area I have disorders exist, but also require greater pub- demonstrate the many ways the neurology of research, education and training has worked in lic health attention and implementation. “knowledge gap” can be reduced. only recently attracted wide attention. the WFN The WFN’s mission is the ambitious As an elected trustee, my working experi- As this field grows, the WFN should for more one of “fostering neurology and brain ence with WFN leadership, familiarity with its continue to be at its center, a source of than 20 years health worldwide.” It is uniquely able to committees and task forces, and commitment expertise, collaboration and experience. in a number of leadership positions, promote this mission: to the public health aspects of neurology will Its new slate of officers and trustees including membership on the executive • Through its global membership, it can help the WFN use its alliances and resources should be in a position to advance this committee of the Education Committee, and does enlist the energies and abilities to achieve specific goals. Expanding its part- agenda, to maintain the momentum of co-opted trustee, chairman of the Ap- of some of the most able neurologists nerships with other global organizations will ongoing programs and to devise new plied Research Committee, co-chairman and neuroscientists in the world. provide more funding for educational and ways to promote brain health. •

countries in providing meaningful Recent Literature candidate statement: trustee education for its neurologic health care providers and thus improve the neuro- Global Burden of Disease Study Professor Marco T. Medina logic health of its citizens. 2010 (GBD 2010) • One of the major barriers to the provi- Murray C. Disability-adjusted life years t is a great honor to participate as a demiology and vascular endothelium. We sion of quality care for patients with (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 candidate for a World Federation of have co-discovered the EFHC1 juvenile neurological disorders in developing regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis I Neurology (WFN) elected trustee. I myoclonic epilepsy gene and the GABRB3 countries is a low ratio of neurologists for the Global Burden of Disease Study am professor of Neurology, dean of the childhood absence epilepsy gene, and per inhabitants. The World Health 2010. The Lancet, Volume 380, Issue 9859, School of Medical Sciences at the National we established a community epilepsy Organization recommends one neu- Pages 2197 - 2223, 15 December 2012 Autonomous intervention program in Salama, Hondu- rologist per 100,000. To counteract the Vos T. Years lived with disability (YLDs) University ras, where we reduced the rate of epilepsy effects of the emigration of neuro- for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and inju- of Honduras from neurocysticercosis (NCC). I have scientists to countries with more re- ries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for (UNAH) and published more the 111 peer-reviewed sources (“brain drain”), I will support the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. WFN regional publications, 30 book chapters and served the principle of training neurologists Lancet. 2012, Dec 15;380(9859):2163-96. director for as editor of five books. I am editorial in their native countries. The primary Latin America. member/ reviewer of several journals (In- strategy is to help countries develop Report of the Formal Meeting of I got my MD ternational Stroke Journal, Neurociencias, their own training programs. Member States to Conclude the Work degree at the Revista Neurologia, Epilepsia, Journal of • Neurology education must be tailored on the Comprehensive Global Moni- UNAH, I made Neurological Sciences, etc). for each country or region. The edu- toring Framework, Including Indica- my neurology In the last 14 years, I served as member cational needs of developing coun- tors and a Set of Voluntary Global training at the of the WFN Education Committee, and tries are not satisfied with programs Targets for the Prevention and Control National Institute of Neurology in Mexico, in March 2012, I was elected the WFN established for industrialized nations, of Noncommunicable Diseases and the pediatric and adult epileptology/ regional director for Latin America. We and education programs must be orga- http://apps.who.int/gb/ncds/pdf/A_ neurophysiology training at the Saint Paul are working with Gustavo Roman and nized around the individual epidemio- NCD_2-en.pdf Center and the Aix-Marseille University, Ana Robles on the Latin America Initiative logical profile. We can promote the http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/ France, and later at the University of Cali- as well as on the organization and founda- south-to-south educational approach notes/2012/ncd_20121109/en/index.html fornia, Los Angeles (UCLA). tion of the Pan American Federation of to train neurology experts, subregion- We founded with the support Neurological Societies (PAFNS), and on al educational activities and virtual Epilepsy Care Challenges of the WFN the Honduras Neurol- March 20, 2013, national delegates from educational activities among others. in Developing Countries ogy Training program, a WFN pilot the continent evaluated the PAFNS consti- • To develop and promote regional Kvalsund MP and Birbeck GL. Current program. By 2012, the program has tution and bylaws in San Diego. neurology academies and regional Opinions in Neurology 2012; 25:179-186 resulted in a 50 percent increase in the The WFN is the international body federations of neurological societies. http://lwwpartnerships.com/assets/files/ national neurologist ratio per inhabit- representing the specialty of neurology in • Neurological disorders are the great- Neurology%202012/Epilepsy_care_ ant, significantly improved the quality more than 100 countries/regions of the est threats to public health; we need to challenges_in_developing_countries.13.pdf of patient care and promoted research globe. My main goals and objectives for promote the public awareness. in the neurosciences. This program has the WFN are: • To improve the collaboration with the Neurology in Zambia provided a valuable model for other • Neurology education in developing World Health Organization and other Omar K Siddiql1,2, Masharip Atadzha- developing countries with similar needs countries represents a challenge due to international neurological organiza- nov2, Neurological letter from Zambia. for neurological care the myriad socio-economic and structural tions such as ILAE, WSO, etc. Practical Neurology. My main research activities are re- problems these countries are facing. My • Promote research: It is crucial to develop http://pn.bmj.com/content/early/2013/ lated to the epilepsy genetic, neuro-epi- primary goal will be to assist low-resource basic and clinical research worldwide. • 04/03/practneurol-2013-000558.extract www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 11 FILMS continued from page 1 ders before the early days of cinematog- raphy. Working at the Salpêtrière in Paris, Charcot’s photographer Albert Londe experimented with a 12-lens camera for this purpose. (See Figure 1.) Neurological films were used for educational as well as scientific purposes. Scientists wished to show and prove their results at medical and physiological con- gresses, even though Doyen’s films were excluded during early French meetings (but demonstrated for the British Medical Association in Edinburg, including a film on craniotomy). One of the persons who used cinema- tography for that purpose was Rudolf Magnus (1873-1927). Of German descent, he became professor of pharmacol- ogy (including physiology) at Utrecht (Netherlands) in 1908. Following a visit to Sherrington in Liverpool, he continued working on attitudinal reflexes, results of which he published in his Körperstellung (1924; “Body Posture”). He was nominat- ed for a Nobel Prize, but died unexpect- edly in 1927. Figure 1. Albert Londe at the Salpêtrière. The sitting person is physiologist Etienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904), a pioneer in the development of In the prestigious Croonian Lec- motion picture. source: société française de photographie, paris ture of 1925 (London), he said: “Many masterpieces of painting or sculpture representing human beings are consistent with the laws of attitudinal reflexes. But under pathological conditions … they are released, and are now used frequently by neurologists for diagnostic purposes.” In cooperation with De Kleyn, he found that tonic labyrinth reflexes should be distinguished from tonic neck reflexes, and with Rademaker, he discovered that the cerebellum does not play a role in body posture. (See Figure 2.) Among the first congresses where cinematography was used was the Eighth International Congress of Physiology in Vienna (1910). Comments on the congress can be found in the diaries of Magnus. He was not only a great physiologist but also an average attendee, writing that he drank a beer after the opening dinner with the English delegates including Sherrington, whom he admired and who had recently published the famous Integrative Action of the Nervous System (1906). Magnus reported about interesting lectures he attended and was stressed about his own lecture the following day. The official Figure 2. Still from a film showing young Rademaker and his teacher Magnus in Utrecht Figure 3. From Magnus’ Körperstellung, turning in free fall; (early 1920s). source: institute of sound & vision, hilversum, netherlands. the reaction follows with extraordinary rapidity and security. report of the congress describes remark- able technical aspects, including the fact that lecturers were using cinematography strate his work on body postures. The use hydrocephalus, diagnosed by ventriculog- The length of the films was indicated in more frequently. Magnus’ lecture on of cinematography had increased at this raphy and improving following treatment meters, not in minutes. Neurologists were movement control by the central nervous congress and now included microscopic by X-rays. Kinnier Wilson himself was not only early using photography but also system was mentioned as an example. images and slow-motion films. also present and lectured about disorders cinematography. • Apparently, his film was so interesting What about the first International of tone. In a session on investigative that he was asked to show it twice, and Congress of Neurology in Bern (Swit- neurology, chaired by the Portuguese Further Reading in his diary, we read that the cinemato- zerland, 1931)? Looking at the names in neurologist Egas Moniz, physiologist Aubert G. From photography to cinematography: graphical projection went well and that the Proceedings, it is obvious that many Walter Rudolf Hess of Zürich showed recording movement and gait in a neurological the attendees were satisfied. In 1913, the well known neurologists, some of whose a film on localized stimulation of the context J Hist Neurosci 2002;11:255-64. Congress of Physiology was organized names became eponyms, attended the brainstem, caudate nucleus, thalamus and in Groningen (Netherlands). The official congress and indeed several films were hypothalamus. In a session on clinical and Koehler is a neurologist in the department of neurol- report mentions the highlights including shown. biological issues, the Swiss surgeon Fritz ogy at the Atrium Medical Centre, Heerlen, the Neth- a lecture by Ivan Pavlov, but also Magnus Otto Marburg of Vienna demonstrated de Quervain (of Bern) showed a film on erlands. He serves as senior co-editor of the J Hist and his use of cinematography to demon- a case of Wilson’s disease and a case of movement disorders of the lower limbs. Neurosci. Visit his website at www.neurohistory.nl. 12 www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 The International Working Group of Young Neurologists and Trainees (IWGYNT)

By Johann Sellner and Walter Struhal The founding members in 2009 were junior he International Working Group of neurologist organizations from different Young Neurologists and Trainees (IW- continents including the European Associa- T GYNT) was initiated in 2009 and held its tion of Young Neurologists and Trainees inaugural meeting at the World Congress of (EAYNT), the Pan-African Association of Neurology in Bangkok. IWGYNT’s vision is Neurological Sciences (PAANS) and the to advocate young neurologists interests on a Asian Neurological Society (ASNA), Asia- worldwide basis within the World Federation Pacific Association of Young Neurologists of Neurology. IWGYNT is represented by one and Trainees (APAYNET), Australian and member (Walter Struhal) within the Education New Zealand Association of Neurologists Committee of the World Federation of Neu- (ANZAN). In 2012, the IWGYNT was rology. (See World Neurology, April 2010.) pleased to welcome the Consortium of Our mission is to: Neurology Residents and Fellows (CNRF) • Represent residents and young neurologists of the American Academy of Neurology interests and initiatives with a single voice, (AAN) as an additional member. • Establish networking between young At the AAN annual meeting in San neurologists, and Diego, the CNRF organized various events • Support international training exchange. called “the experience for junior members The group is organized as a delegate and residents.” The international roundtable International roundtable participants at the 2013 AAN meeting. From left: Johann Sellner, Tissa Wijeratne, Justin Jordan, Rachel Marin de Carvalho, David R. Mayans and David Avila. panel consisting of two delegates from discussion featured CNRF chair-elect Justin each continent. Only a national or inter- Jordan (Dallas) and national neurological body representing president David R. relevance. Additional The IWGYNT is a dynamic and growing young neurologists in that area may send Mayans (Winston topics discussed were group of enthusiastic residents, trainees and delegates. Currently, Africa, Asia, Austra- Salem, N.C.) as well The IWGYNT seeks exchange programs fellows. Major activities are regularly reported lia, Europe, New Zealand and the U.S. are as Johann Sellner to gain cross-cultural on Facebook and Twitter. The events of inter- represented within IWGYNT. (Salzburg, Austria) to represent the experience and im- est for junior colleagues during the World Within the last years, we managed to es- for the EAYNT and prove clinical practice. Congress of Neurology Oct. 21-26 in Vienna, tablish a network between young neurolo- Tissa Wijeratne (Mel- interests of junior As the EAYNT is include the IWGYNT session, a visit to the gists of five continents. This network serves bourne, Australia) maintaining a Pan- University hospital of Vienna and get-togeth- as strong platform for young neurologists for the APAYNET. neurologists within European exchange er events; these are covered in an recent article initiatives in the future. We have started to Further delegates in- program with 106 in the European Journal of Neurology.2 • employ this network to collect ideas and es- cluded Rachel Marin the World Federation departments across References tablish initiatives on training improvement De Carvalho (Sao Europe, this could 1. Sellner J, Schirmer L, Gilhus NE, Grisold W, within young neurologists worldwide. Paolo) and David of Neurology. serve as a basis for Struhal W. The Open Facilities for Training in IWGYNT actively promotes topics of Avila (Ecuador). exchange within the European Neurology (OFTEN): an emerging pan- interests online employing WFN’s website A variety of topics IWGYNT.1 In addi- European exchange programme for junior neu- and social media channels. relevant for residents tion, the participants rologists. Eur J Neurol. 2012 Jun;19(6):e54-5. and trainees were addressed and ideas for agreed to launch an international survey 2. Macerollo A, Varga ET, Györfi O, Kobeleva X, Pa- IWGYNT Roundtable at AAN 2013 future joint projects were collected. These in- on different aspects of residency training terson RW, Sellner J. The European Association The IWGYNT seeks to represent the cluded the spectrum of residency training in worldwide and assemble a practical guide of Young Neurologists and Trainees in 2013: interests of junior neurologists within the different countries and continents and emerg- on residency training and terminology of striking a blow for European junior neurologists. World Federation of Neurology (WFN). ing educational initiatives with worldwide neurology in the United States. Eur J Neurol. 2013 Apr;20(4):e54-8.

Four days later, an educational course also was held in Ulaanbaatar, Mongo- Building Local Networks of Expertise lia. It was supported by our Mongolian colleagues and friends; the program was By Albert C. Ludolph and Thomas Bak on ALS and MND collaboratively orga- Neurology, Facundo Manes, Thomas Bak, attended by more than 200 Mongolian n June 2011, the World Federation of nized workshops on amyotrophic lateral Suvarna Alladi, John Ravits and Albert neurologists. In the meantime, we have Neurology Research Group on Aphasia sclerosis and frontotemporal dementias in Ludolph held lectures on the relationship decided to also establish a local network of I and Cognitive Disorders and the World China and Mongolia. of these two diseases, both on the neuro- expertise in Ulaanbaatar, which mirrors the Federation of Neurology Research Group Financed by the World Federation of pathological and clinical levels. They were networks in Scotland and Germany. The lo- supported by colleagues from China and cal network of expertise in Ulaanbaatar was Mongolia, respectively. established on Jan. 1, 2013, and the World In China, more than 200 professionals Federation of Neurology will make every attended the meeting, the program raised effort to support this project financially. a lot of interest and finally the two groups These most successful meetings show together with their Chinese colleagues that the concept of the WFN to establish started to organize a local network of international scientific relations among expertise. This includes the buildup of a physicians and basic scientists, to hold registry for ALS/MND in Beijing (Profes- teaching courses, to provide research sor Liying Cui) which is mirrored by a groups a common bases and work togeth- registry for ALS/MND in Germany and er and finally establish local networks of potentially in Scotland. Currently, financial expertise is a most interesting future direc- support is requested by the Chinese and tion of clinical and basic research which is German governments. doable and relevant for many fields. • www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 13

The Success of Haoua Ousseini Sidibe, MD: From Niamey to Neurology Worldwide

am from Niger, the country where teaching of Neurosciences and participate of Neurology in Marrakech. ization, I expect to be assigned to the I grew up, until earning my high in the improvement of this practice in my The key items to success in my special- National Hospital of Niamey in internal I school diploma. Thereafter, I country. ization are the good atmosphere among medicine. My short and medium term pursued my doctoral cycle of general To achieve these goals, I decided to trainees in neurology and accessibility of projects would be to organize a medical medicine at the University Hassan II do my training in Senegal at Cheikh Anta our teachers. neurology department in Niger with in Casablanca (Morocco). Returning Diop University, well known in French- However, the low level of literacy a clinical neurophysiology unit. I wish to Niger, I worked as a general speaking Africa for its quality and serious among patients is a limit for a good clini- to promote information and educa- practitioner at the National Hospital background in the training of qualified cal examination. Moreover, the lack of tion of the population on the major of Niamey. Then I decided to specialize medical practitioners. Senegal has an financial resources is a problem for achiev- neurological diseases (epilepsy, stroke, in Neurology, epidemiological framework quite similar ing explorations. headaches). My ideal in the long term a subject to the Niger. For my final year of specialization I is to have diagnostic procedures avail- that attracted The initial training based on core did an internship at Rabat’s Hospital able (imaging, electrophysiology) and me for its subjects (neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, (Morocco) in the Department of therapeutic capabilities (stroke unit, rigor and neurobiology, neuropathology and Clinical Neurophysiology, where I had functional rehabilitation). In addition, finesse during semiology) was of great interest to the opportunity to see heritable genetic I intend to encourage and facilitate the my medical the rest of the program. Subsequently, diseases (Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropa- orientation in neurology for younger training. neurological pathology and explorations thy, progressive spinal atrophy, sarcogly- generations of doctors. Finally, it is im- Moreover, (electrophysiology, neuroimaging) was canopathy), which are much more rare in portant to encourage the creation and the critical easier to assimilate. The planning of these Senegal. / or enhancement of activities against shortage of various teachings is based on continuous My experiences in Morocco and chronic neurological disorders such as neurologists Haoua Ousseini programming, seminars, visits and hospi- Senegal have allowed me to meet many epilepsy. in Niger (a Sidibe, MD tal meetings. colleagues from various backgrounds All these ambitions would be more neurolo- In addition, participation in various including Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal, successful in an exchange framework gist to 15 Congress: Regional Teaching Courses Cameroon, Tunisia, Gabon, Madagascar, beyond borders. That’s the whole point million inhabitants) and the frequency in Cameroon in 2011, the 20th World Mauritania, Congo, Benin, Morocco, Co- of having sub-regional training centers of neurological disorders have further Congress of Neurology in Marrakech moros, and the Central African Republic. involving various nationalities. strengthened my desire to study the (Morocco) and the 1st African Epilepsy Talking to people from different countries On a cultural point of view such a Neurosciences. Congress in Kenya has been very has helped me to gain a broader socio- challenge for a woman (because in my My ambition and motivation rewarding. The event that impressed cultural and scientific vision and is a key country we don’t usually have leading are even larger as I would like to me most was our participation in the point for the organization and the rooting roles), appears to be one of the biggest get involved in teaching and research. semifinals of the “Tournament of of Neurosciences in Africa. challenges. But with will, nothing is This could help to improve the Minds” during the World Congress On my return to Niger after special- impossible. •

left Warsaw in December 1939, a few cine was published in 1952, years before member of the Rockefeller Foundation In Memoriam months after the Nazis invaded Poland. any papers on polio vaccine development who specialized in rabies, provided Ko- During the war years, Koprowski were published by Jonas Salk and Albert prowski with a strain of rabies of human Hilary Koprowski, MD worked with Ed Lennette, an outstanding Sabin. origin, which he attenuated by continuous virologist at the Rockefeller Foundation Koprowski progressed rapidly passage in developing chick embryo. This Dec. 5, 1916 - in Rio de Janeiro. Together they pub- with his vaccination studies and organized led to the Flury strain vaccine, which was lished classic papers on the pathogenesis multiple large clinical trials. By 1957, eventually used in dogs for life-long immu- April 11, 2013 of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. the efficacy of his vaccine was sufficiently nity after a single inoculation. Koprowski By Don Gilden, MD After the War, the Koprowskis moved to well established to justify the first mass also used anti-rabies antibody in concert ilary Koprowski, MD, a distin- the U.S. Koprowski was hired by Lederle trial of the oral polio vaccine. In 1958, with vaccine, which successfully protected guished and highly respected Laboratories in Pearl River, N.Y. where he at the invitation of an official of the Persian peasants who were bitten by a H biomedical researcher, died on April began the most important studies of his Belgian Congo, Koprowski’s polio rabid wolf. 11, 2013, at the age of 96. Koprowski was scientific career. virus vaccine was used to immunize In 1957, Koprowski became director recognized for many achievements, most During the 1940s, Koprowski was 250,000 children in six weeks. None of The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and notably develop- the first scientist to produce attenuated of the children developed polio or any Biology in Philadelphia where he served ment of the poliovirus by repeated intracerebral neurological disease, and all produced for 35 years. He was also professor of first oral polio passage of poliovirus in cotton rats. His antibodies to poliovirus. Between1959 Microbiology at the University of Pennsyl- vaccine, but also attenuated virus produced immunity in and 1960, nine million children in Poland vania. While conducting his own scientific the generation monkeys. He was so convinced that the were immunized with Koprowski’s polio studies, Koprowski provided remarkable of the oral virus was sufficiently attenuated that he vaccine, virtually halting a polio epidemic leadership of The Wistar Institute, recruit- rabies vaccine fed it to himself. Afterward, he gave the there. Among those who recognized the ing outstanding scientists, many from currently used first live, attenuated poliovirus vaccine to significance of outside the U.S. worldwide and one child in February 1950 and then to 19 Koprowski’s achievement was Albert In the 1970s, I remember commenting for his pioneer- more children. Remarkably, none showed Sabin, who publicly acknowledged to Stanley Plotkin that I felt privileged to ing work in any side effects after vaccination, and Koprowski as the first to develop a live, be a “token American” among such developing all of them developed antibodies to the attenuated oral polio vaccine. talent. The Wistar Institute never monoclonal antibodies to detect and treat poliovirus. In 1944, Koprowski first became had a large budget, and like many cancer. In 1951, Koprowski reported his re- engaged with the rabies problem in the biomedical research institutions (and A native of Poland, Koprowski re- markable findings at a meeting organized Americas. Joseph Pawan, an eminent academic research departments today), ceived his MD from Warsaw University. by the National Foundation for Infantile pathologist in Trinidad, told Koprowski endured a “soft money” arrangement. During medical school, he married Irena Paralysis. Afterward, Howard Howe, a se- about the fight between a vampire bat Yet Koprowski kept scientists afloat when Grasberg, a physician who achieved scien- nior polio researcher, remarked: “I think (a carrier of rabies virus in the Southern their funding lapsed, particularly those tific eminence for her pioneering work on that Dr. Koprowski’s data is extremely Hemisphere) and a fruit-eating bat later who worked hard — he always knew what the development of the Pap test. Although valuable in giving us a bridge which up to found to be rabid. This was almost a everyone was doing — and pushed them not raised religiously, Koprowski was of now we have not really had.” The manu- prophetic observation of the origin of to eventual success. Jewish heritage. Knowing his likely fate script reporting Koprowski’s development bat rabies in the U.S. and Canada During his directorship, Koprowski had he stayed in Poland, he and his wife of the first live, attenuated poliovirus vac- decades later. Harold Johnson, a staff see koprowski, page 16 14 www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 ACTION Report 2013

By Bernard Yan e are grateful for WFN’s endorsement of the Australia W China Training Initiative of Neurology (ACTION). The course is an intensive training of up-to-date neurological treatments. through the course. ACTION is the collaboration of The structure of ACTION is run over academic partners in China and Australia. a two-week intensive learning environ- It is between the University of Melbourne, ment. The first week is in Shanghai in July Jiatong University affiliated with and the second week is in Melbourne in First People’s Hospital in Shanghai, November annually. Fudan University affiliated Huashan ACTION is a lecture- and Hospital in Shanghai, Melbourne Brain workshop-based course. We teach a Center at Royal Melbourne Hospital in spectrum of neurological subspecialties Melbourne. including stroke, epilepsy, multiple It is run by an academic faculty sclerosis, movement disorders, consisting of Professor Terence O’Brien, neuromuscular, neuropsychiatry, Professor Stephen Davis, Professor Qiang neurogenetics, etc. Dong, Professor Wang Shaoshi, Associ- The final week of the training course ate Professor Bernard Yan and Professor in Melbourne is completed with a formal Trevor Kilpatrick. examination on the course’s teaching ACTION started in 2010, and we are material and the Chinese neurologists now in our fourth year of operation. So are then awarded by the University of far, we have had 108 Chinese neurologists Melbourne. •

a five-minute presentation with slides Update: England Named Editor-in-Chief (Powerpoint or PDF) and voice-over JNS recordings of their work. AutoSlides t the annual editorial board Neurological Sciences, beginning in July. He about the research; graphical abstract — will appear on ScienceDirect next to the meeting in San Diego, Vladimir will succeed Robert P. Lisak, MD, FRCP, a concise, pictorial and visual summary online article. A Hachinski, WFN president, and FAAN, FANA, who has served as editor-in- of the main findings of the article, Finally, Elsevier is working to Peter F. Bakker, executive publisher, chief since 1997. which could either be the concluding simplify formatting references. The Global Medi- During the last 16 years, the journal figure from the article or a figure that new strategy is to focus on accurate, cal Research has experienced enormous growth. Its is specially designed for the purpose consistent data more than strict Division for expanding global presence and impact fac- and Google maps — a tool enabling formatting of references. References Elsevier intro- tor continue to be reflected in the evolving authors to enrich and extend their article may be in any style or format as long duced John dynamics of its editorial board, authors by adding interactive maps to highlight as they are consistent and accurate. England, MD, and reviewers. their findings in a visual and easily The reference style used by the journal professor and Elsevier has announced that it accessible manner. Highlights will be will be applied by Elsevier to the head of the will be initiating several new features a mandatory element in the submission accepted article. Authors will be Department for JNS in 2013 to allow readers a quick process but graphical design and Google required to correct all incorrect or of Neurol- understanding of online articles. These maps will be optional. missing data at the proof stage. ogy, LSUHSC features will include highlights — a AutoSlides is another new optional, Elsevier will continue to analyze the School of John England, MD short collection of bullet points that complimentary service available to submission and production process in Medicine, convey the core findings and provide authors whose papers have been an effort to provide the best technology New Orleans, who will serve as the readers with a quick textual overview of accepted for publication. This service and editorial support for the journal’s next editor-in-chief for the Journal of the the article highlighting what is distinctive offers authors the opportunity to create editors, authors and ad hoc reviewers. • www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 15 NIRVE: A Tale of Five Continents

During exchange visits, residents from both hosting and visiting sites participate in various lectures and discussions. In June 2012, five Toronto residents visited St. Petersburg, Russia, here seen accom- By Mary Jane Lim Fat, MD; Jenny P. Tsai, these rounds. Rotstein envisioned NIRVE residents and faculty members. Through panied by Russian residents and Natalya Shuleshova, coordinator of the NIRVE pro- MD; Tim Patterson, BA; Mark Kinach, BA; as an opportunity for international dia- NIRVE, they developed skills to become gram at the State Pavlov Medical University and Morris Freedman, MD, FRCPC logue while complementing local educa- educators in their own right. in St. Petersburg. he Neurology International Resi- tional and professional development goals. Currently in its third year, NIRVE dents Videoconference and Exchange NIRVE started in October 2009. Its continues to expand as an active inter- T (NIRVE) is a resident initiative first members included ABC Founda- national forum and to welcome new interested in learning more about NIRVE, funded by the Peter A. Silverman Global tion School of Medicine, San André, connections. Though Jordan and Chile contact [email protected]. • e-Health Program, Canada International Brazil; State Pavlov Medical University, have had to bid farewell to NIRVE, it Scientific Exchange Program (CISEPO) St. Petersburg, Russia; Jordan University recently welcomed Ethiopia’s Addis Ababa Mary JaneLim Fat is a first-year resident in the adult and Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care, To- of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; University, Canada’s Memorial University neurology residency program of the University of ronto. NIRVE promotes international col- and University of Toronto, Canada. With and France’s Centre Hospitalier Univer- Toronto. Jenny P. Tsai is a fourth-year resident in the laboration beyond political or geographi- continuous member feedback, NIRVE sitaire de Grenoble. Rounds continue on adult neurology residency program of the University cal borders and health care infrastructures. grew and succeeded in strengthening its the first Thursday of each month, with of Toronto. Tim Patterson is in the Department of Hosted by the Division of Neurology, audience’s education. a case presentation by a resident from a Telehealth, Baycrest, Toronto; vice chair, Canada University of Toronto and St. Michael’s NIRVE not only aims to facilitate participating country. Audience members International Scientific Exchange Program; adjunct Hospital, Toronto, NIRVE unites residents exchange of medical knowledge, but to answer knowledge-testing questions as professor, Al Quds University, Abu Deis, West Bank around the world through videoconfer- dissipate biases toward foreign cultures the case unfolds. A short “Image Chal- and York University; and telehealth consultant, Jordan ence, forging strong professional relation- and allow understanding of the practice lenge” section follows, with discussion of University of Science and Technology. Mark Kinach is ships and friendships. and delivery of medicine in different a neuroradiology or neuropathology case in the Department of Telemedicine, St. Michael’s Hos- In 2008, Toronto’s Dalia Rotstein socio-economical systems. In June 2011, distributed prior to rounds. pital, Toronto. Morris Freedman is in the Department founded NIRVE. As a neurology resident, an exchange visit program was initiated. Jenny Tsai took over NIRVE’s lead- of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Baycrest, Mt. Sinai she modeled NIRVE after the interna- Residents from Brazil, Jordan and Russia ership in 2011. She was assisted in this Hospital, and University of Toronto, at the Rotman tional behavioral neurology rounds, which traveled to Toronto for a one-week elec- capacity by her resident colleague, Olga Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Canada, and a are sponsored by University of Toronto’s tive. In 2012, Toronto residents visited St. Finlayson, who was succeeded by Mary member of the WFN Education Committee (co-chair, Division of Neurology, under the auspices Petersburg, Russia. These rich experiences Jane Lim Fat in 2012. As current leaders eLearning Task Force), Jenny Tsai and Mary Jane Lim of the Peter A. Silverman Global e-Health allowed hosts and guests to further appre- of NIRVE, Tsai and Lim Fat incorporate Fat would like to acknowledge the continuing mentor- Program, CISEPO and Canadian Neuro- ciate health care delivery in the societies a global and public health component to ship from Marika Hohol and Morris Freedman, Division logical Sciences Federation. American, they serve. its curriculum. NIRVE continues to enrich of Neurology, University of Toronto and the tireless Argentinean, Brazilian, Canadian, Chilean, NIRVE provided a platform for the education of future neurologists and assistance of NIRVE’s technical team led by Tim Pat- Cuban, Israeli, Jordanian, Palestinian, mentorship opportunities and leadership bridges distances for better knowledge terson from Toronto’s Baycrest Hospital, Mark Kinach Russian, South African, Spanish and Swiss development. Many residents acting as transfer in the world of neurology. from Toronto’s St. Michael’s Hospital and Simon Fortin (WHO) hospitals have participated in local NIRVE coordinators became chief If your neurology residency program is from Resolve Collaboration.

31, 2013. You can download an applica- tion form on the foundation homepage NCL Research Award: Call for Proposals at www.ncl-foundation.com. he NCL Foundation aims to helplessness. extend the NCL research commu- Please send your application find a cure against the deadly We invite medical and basic science nity in move more efficiently towards a solely via email to: Research@ncl- T children’s disease Neuronal Ceroid researchers worldwide to submit innova- cure for NCL. foundation.com. Lipofuscinosis (NCL), also called Bat- tive clinical oriented or translational basic Grant monies (100,000 euros) are to If you have questions, please contact: ten disease. This metabolic disorder is science projects, which can contribute to be used for a postdoctoral fellowship in Dr. Frank Stehr the most common neurodegenerative finding a cure for juvenile NCL. Scientists order to undertake the research project. Board and Head of Research disease of childhood and is inevitably from related areas of science including In this fashion our goal is to promote the NCL Foundation fatal. The gradual stages of the suffer- Alzheimer’s disease, aging and other next generation of young NCL research Holstenwall 10 ing are blindness, dementia, epilepsy, lysosomal storage disorders, are particu- scientists. 20355 Hamburg, Germany loss of speech, paralysis and complete larly encouraged to apply with the aim to The deadline for applications is Oct. Phone: +49 40 696 66 74-0 • 16 www.wfneurology.org • june 2013 koprowski antibodies directed against rabies and of his favorite expressions was “no certain ence, musical performance and composi- continued from page 13 cancer antigen in tobacco. In collabora- doubt.” When considering alternative tion, art, literature and language. In the tion with Polish scientists, he conducted possibilities in the discussion section of a fullest sense of the word, Koprowski was continued studies on rabies virus that successful clinical trials with hepatitis B paper, he preferred “contrariwise” to “on the true embodiment of the “cultivated” led to a new vaccine for both humans vaccine generated in lettuce. the other hand.” man. His creativity and work ethic were and animals. With Tadeusz Wiktor and Koprowski was the author or Koprowski was always loyal to his extraordinary. Stanley Plotkin, Koprowski developed co-author of more than 900 scientific colleagues and associates. His assistant Thomas Mann said that “genius” the first true modification of the Pasteur publications, reviews, chapters and Suzanne Jones, who worked with him is “great intellect” or “hard work.” vaccine that required only three to four books. He was elected to the National for more than 40 years and to whom Hilary Koprowski exhibited both. His inoculations instead of the 14-21 needed Academy of Sciences and the American he referred as the “Boss,” had the same scientific contributions truly left the for the standard Pasteur vaccine. The Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was respect and genuine affection for world a better place than it was before Koprowski tissue culture rabies vaccine a fellow of the College of Physicians of Koprowski as did his professional he entered it. We mourn the passing of is still used today. Koprowski and Wiktor Philadelphia, which in 1959 awarded colleagues. He enjoyed people, good a mentor, colleague and dear friend. We also developed a bait vaccine for foxes him its Alvarenga Prize. He served as a meals and wine and always offered his will miss him dearly. • based on fusion between rabies antigen consultant to the World Health Orga- guests a fine Cuban cigar after dinner. and live vaccinia virus that resulted in nization and the Pan American Health At his home, various sweets and fruits an almost total eradication of rabies in Organization. He held foreign member- followed the entree, and just when you Update France and Belgium. ship in the Yugoslav Academy of Arts and thought dessert was finished, he brought From 1970-1980, Koprowski and col- Sciences, the Polish Academy of Sciences, out the chocolate because “no meal is Research Group leagues conducted groundbreaking work the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, complete without chocolate.” on fusion of somatic cells and unfertil- the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of Koprowski was also an accomplished ized mouse eggs, including uptake of the America and the Finnish Society of pianist. He began private lessons at the on Neuroethics heterologous genome by mammalian Sciences and Letters. age of 6, and continued at the Warsaw By Professor Franz Gerstenbrand spermatozoa and transfer to ova through He received honorary degrees from nu- Conservatory of Music, even during thics in neurology are the fertilization. From 1978-1980, Koprowski merous universities and was the recipient medical school at the University of basis of all practical work and associates developed functional of many honors, including: The Order of Warsaw. In 1940, he graduated from the E as well as for research monoclonal antibodies directed against the Lion from the King of Belgium, the St. Cecilia Conservatory in Rome, as a activities. In a critical analysis of colorectal and pancreatic cancer antigens. French Order of Merit for Research and student of Carlo Zecchi. When he lived the used ethical principles, it has to After years of vaccine work on Invention, a Fulbright Scholarship and an in Rio de Janeiro, he gave solo concerts be stated that the contemporary polio and rabies, Koprowski was intrigued appointment as Alexander von Humboldt and taught piano before finding laboratory ethical laws are missing different by the possibility of a viral cause of professor at the Max Planck Institute in work with the Rockefeller Foundation. religious, traditional and cultural multiple sclerosis (MS). From 1971-1985, Munich. When he moved to Lederle Laboratories, requirements. The contemporary he supervised the Wistar Institute In 1989, he received both the San he continued to study piano for four hands ethics are based on the philosophy component of a large program project Marino Award for Medicine and the at the Turtle Bay Conservatory in New of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, grant at the University of Pennsylvania Nicolaus Copernicus Medal of The York. with the incorporation of the on the etiopathogenesis of MS, jointly Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. During his tenure at The Wistar Christian philosophy of Saint supported by NINDS and the National Koprowski also received many honors Institute, he gave annual concerts just Augustine and Thomas Aquinas MS Society. Attempts to isolate a virus in Philadelphia, including the Philadelphia before the Christmas holidays for the and should be called Western Ethics. involved propagation of cells obtained Cancer Research Award, the John Scott staff and guests, performing difficult But Western Ethics must not be from more than 24 MS brains and Award, and in 1990, the most prestigious works by Brahms, Schubert, Mendels- acceptable worldwide. cocultivation, cell fusion and inoculation honor of his home city, the Philadelphia sohn, Mozart and Bach in a manner both The ARG Neuroethics decided of multiple rodent species and primates. Award. In 1995, Koprowski was awarded beautiful and expressive. At the age to found a task force with the aim to MS brain cells were also “superinfected” the title of Commander of the Order of 77, he began composing music. He harmonize the ethical principles in with vesicular stomatitis virus to identify of the Lion of Finland by the President took composition lessons with Richard neurology, including transcultural a pseudotype virus. Timely examination of the Republic of Finland. In1997, he Wernick at the University of Pennsylvania considerations. Members of the of cells in these cultures by the was awarded the Legion d’Honneur and with Pozzi Escot, professor at the task force include representatives of neuropathologist, Yuzo Iwasaki, was Award from the French government. New England Conservatory of Music. He Buddhism and Hinduism, the Islamic problematic then, since many Wistar In 1998, Koprowski was presented with composed pieces for several instruments and Mosaic religions and the different scientists also required access to the single the Great Order of Merit by the and voice, frequently related to poems Christian communities. electron microscope. The suggestion to President of Poland, for his polio and/or stories. He produced five CDs of As a continuous activity of purchase a second instrument was met research. In 2000, Koprowski was honored music, with some pieces performed by a the ARG Neuroethics, the with Koprowski’s “practical” solution with a reception at Thomas Jefferson Parisian orchestra and some by members organization of teaching courses of having Iwasaki simply work at night University to celebrate the 50th of the Philadelphia orchestra at his 85th and informative workshops has to and sleep during the day. (“Does the anniversary of the first feeding of the birthday party and again five years later. be mentioned. The organizers of electron microscope know what time it oral polio vaccine; at this reception, he His compositions were also performed neurological congresses and is?”) Another example of Koprowski’s received commendations from the U.S. on special occasions at private concerts in symposia are asked to include special practical nature was the building of an Senate, the Pennsylvania Senate and Philadelphia and abroad. Several of his lectures and training courses in the autopsy room at Ingliss House (a chronic Governor Tom Ridge. compositions have already been published. program. The great lack of ethical care facility in Philadelphia for patients In addition to outstanding professional Among my most cherished possessions knowledge in scientific reports about with advanced MS and other neurologi- achievements, there are other memorable is the birthday gift of his composition for new treatment programs or research cal diseases that would not improve) for aspects of Koprowski. Wikipedia unaccompanied violin of well developed projects is a shameful fact and has timely access to MS brain tissue without defines him as “cheerful” or “merry,” variations of “Hava Nagila.” to be strictly changed. A continuing the need for placement in formaldehyde, descriptors eminently evident in his Besides music, Koprowski’s knowledge ethical education is necessary. which otherwise would virtually obviate persona at all times. When he discussed of art, literature and language was amaz- The ARG Neuroethics is asking virus isolation. important scientific issues or needed ing. His home contained a “gallery” room for more active cooperation and for After leaving the Wistar Institute, to make decisive financial or other filled primarily with Flemish paintings, helpful support to follow the educa- Koprowski became head of the Center administrative decisions, “HK” or the and other rooms with more than 1,000 tion for a better knowledge in ethical for Neurovirology at Thomas Jefferson “Czar,” or the “Baron” or merely the books, ranging from the classics to detec- thinking and moral responsibility. University in Philadelphia and eventually “Boss,” as many of us affectionately tive novels. The aim for a worldwide acceptable president of Biotechnology Foundation called him, never seemed stressed. A true Irena, Koprowski’s wife of 74 years, basis for ethical principles in modern Laboratories, Inc. In the decade before polyglot with a sophisticated sense of died in 2012. He is survived by two sons, neurology needs great knowledge his death, Koprowski directed his efforts humor, he answered my question about five grandchildren and three great-grand- and an intensive preparatory work toward the development of biomedi- the number of languages he spoke with: children. in philosophical, moral and ethical cal products in plants. He succeeded in “seven, none perfect.” This helped to ex- I have never met another person who issues. • producing rabies vaccine in spinach and plain why, when a fact became clear, one was equally at home with medicine, sci-