sign in sign up
<<
Home , Neurology, Neuropathology, Otto Marburg, Paul Bucy, Percival Bailey

ABPN 75th Anniversary Celebration

Giants of

Mark L Dyken, MD Professor Emeritus of Neurology Indiana University

September 26, 2009

ABPN “NEUROLOGY GIANTS” (American Neurological Association & American Academy of Neurology” ANA Presidents 1. Lewis J. Pollock 1942 2. Edwin G. Zabriskie 1944 3. Henry W. Woltman 1950 4. Hans H. Reese 1953 5. Roland P . Mackay 1954 6. 1955 7. Johannes M. Nielsen 1956 8. H. Houston Merritt 1957 AAN Presidents 9. Bernard J. Alpers 1959 1. Abe B. Baker* 1948-1951 10.RllDJRussell DeJong 1965 2. FiMFtFrancis M. Forster 1957-1959 11.Adolph L. Sahs 1968 3. Augustus S. Rose* 1959-1961 12.Augustus S. Rose 1969 4. Adolph L. Sahs* 1961-1963 13.Melvin D. Yahr 1970 5. Sidney Carter 1969-1971 14.Abe B. Baker 1971 *Also ANA

ANA Vice Presidents 1. Louis Casamajor 1939 2. Frederich P. Moersch 1952 3. Alphonse Vonderahe 1955 4. Paul I. Yakovlev 1959 5. Charles Rupp 1960 6. Knox Finley 1963 7. Alexander T. Ross 1967

•M.D. 1906 College of and Surgeons •1909 -1948 Neurological Institute . Assistant Attending to Professor Emeritus . •Early interest in Child Neurology followed and was followed by Sidney Carter and then Darryl DeVivo •President of several psychiatric societies, but defensive about N before P in ABPN, •“Neurologists, you know, have much more reverence for the alphabet than have.” •"Personally I don't give a damn …” One of most colorful and the most controversial of all ABPN directors. ((yThe Lobotomist: by Jack El-Hai , Last Resort: Psychosurgery and Limits of by Pressman JD. )

“Aside from the Nazi doctor Josef Mengele, WlWalter F reeman rank s as th e most scorned of the twentieth century.” Jack El- Hai

•1916 AB Yale University •1920 MD University of Pennsylvania •1921-1923 at U. of Pennsylvania •1923-1924 Neurology/ in Paris, Rome, and Vienna . •PhD in 1931 Georgetown University 1924 to 1933 Director of laboratories St. Elizabeth’s Hosppgital, in Washington, D.C. •1926 to 1954, Professor and Chairman of Neurology at George Washington University. •1927 Secretary of AMA’s Section on Nervous and Mental , chair 1931. •1944-1945 President of American Assoc. of Neuropathologists •Almost first president of the AAN Walter Jackson Freeman

ABPN •Longest serving director (15 years), secretary (13 years), president in 1947 •Only one of the original neurology directors to serve as an officer. •As secretary of the board, set up examinations first given in 1935. He visited sites ensuring facilities and testing materials ready and recruiting examiners.. •“Wa lter. You are t he Amer ican Son o f a Bitc h o f Psyc hiatry and N eurol ogy, Emeritus.” Transorbital (Early) •1936 Freeman and Watts performed first lobotomy in U. S. •Many responded to point they could function outside institution. •Most of the leaders in field were early supporters, including Adolph Meyer. •1949 Egas Moniz. Portuguese neurologist, received Nobel Prize Transorbital Lobotomy (Late) •1954 Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) introduced. •Freeman continued flamboyantly. Two handed, stepping back for pictures •Zabriskie fainted after viewing a demonstration. •When stopped in 1967 he had performed 3,439 procedures •Stories about Frances Farmer are not true. Those about Rosemary Kennedy are. Jack El-Hai Summary and Title “…a maverick medical genius and his tragic quest to rid the world of mental illness” •1886 Born in Moscow, Russia •MD University of . Age 20 • Montefiore Hospital NY, Chicago State Hospital and Kankakee State Hospital in Illinois. •1916 Faculty of •1926 Professor and Chair of Dept. of Nervous and Mental Northwestern •WW I in France obtained material for classic, "Peripheral Injuries,“ with Loyal Davis in 1933. •Onl y ABPN direct or never certified. •1942 President of the ANA •MD 1897 L on g I sl an d Coll ege Hospital •Neurology in Paris and Berlin •1909 -1959 New York Neurological Institute. •World War I Battles of Chateau- Thierry, St. Mihiel, and Meuse- Argonne. Rank of Lieutenant Colonel •Early proponent of lobotomy until Freeman demonstration. •1946-1948 Acting director of Neurology •1944 President of ANA

•1913 MD, 1917 PhD University of Minnesota •1917- 1964 Mayo •1930 Chair Section Neurology & ,1946 separated sections. • Many contributions included: •Neurology of Pernicious •Kernohan or Kernohan- Woltman notch •Moersch-Woltman (stiff-man) syndrome •Woltman’s sign of myxedema •ElEarlyadtftllbtdvocate frontal lobotomy •1948 President of ARNMD •1950 President of ANA •Member Advisory Council of the NINDB

The Leggyacy of Trac y J. Putnam and H. Houston Merritt: Modern Neurology in the United States

By Lewis P . Rowland •1920 MD •Pathology (Johns Hopkins), (), Neurology/Psychiatry (). •1924-1925 Moseleyyg Traveling Fellow in Holland •1934 Director Neurological Unit and Professor of Neurology Harvard Medical School. •1939 Director Neurological Institute of New York and Professor of Neurology & Neurosurggyery Columbia Universit y •1947 Director of Neurological Service at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital in Los Angeles •Best known for work with H. Houston Merritt •Methods testing antiepileptic agents and Dippyyhenylhydantoin, 1st new anticonvulsant (1938) of the 20th century Tracy J Putnam

•Significant studies on •Physiology of pituitary •Surgical treatment of hydrocephalus and •Invented several laboratory and neurosurgical instruments •Further defined chronic , hydrocephalus and LdLeadershi hiRlp Roles •1949 Testimony with others before Congress resulted in establishment of NINDB in 1950 •Editor-in-chief of the Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry (1935-1955) •A Founder and President (1941-1942) of the Cushing Society •First president (1943) of American Society for •Chair (()1947) of Medical Advisor y Board to the National Society •1924 MD Johns Hopkins at age 24 •1928-1931 Neurology Boston City Hospital •1930-1931 Neuropathology at the DthFDeutsche Forsc hungsans tltiMihtalt in Munich •1931-1944 Faculty Harvard Medical School •1938 With Putnam introduced Phenytoin •1944-1948 Chief of Service at MtfiHMontefiore Hosp itl&Pfital & Professor of Clinical Neurology . •1948-1968 Chair Department of Neurology at the College of Physicians and Surgeons and Director, Neurological Institute •1959-1970 Dean of the Faculty of Medicine H. Houston Merritt

•At least 30 of his residents became Academic chairs •Wrote the classic Textbook of Neurology •Norms and deviations of •Correlation of clinical and CSF changes in . •National Recognition and Honors (Selected examples) •National Advisory Council of the NINDB •Boards of numerous volunteer groups •Honorary memberships in medical societies around the world •Highest awards given by at least 10 professional societies and agencies •Honorary degrees from Harvard, New York Medical College, and Columbia. •President of the ABPN (1959), ANA (1957), ARNMD •Editor-in-Chief Archives of Neurology from 1962 to 1971. •Born Bordesholm, Holstein, •1914-1917 Imperial German Navy WW I •1917 MD University of Kiel •1917-1919 Pathology & Int. Medicine U. of Hamburg •1919-1923 Neurology under Max Nonne •1924 Interest in Neurosyphilis led to Asst. Prof U . Wisconsin (Noguchi & Sachs) •1940 Chair of •1956 First Chair Department of Neurology •MlMalar ia trea tment of neurosyphilis •Other research interests included: multiple sclerosis, subacute combined degeneration of the cord , and insulin •President of ANA 1953 •Testified before Congress 1949 for NINDB

Story Book Life •1912, World Champion German Soccer Team and Olympic Gold •Medical School interrupted by WW I •Battle of Jutland (Iron & Hanseatic Cross) •During World War II, U.S. Army & Navy cited his work as Combat Scientist •In 1963, German Cross of Merit for promoting German- American relations •First non-Japanese awarded an honorary degree byU. of Kyushu • DRDr. Reese ’b’s bravery was no tliitdtt limited to war an dthltid athletics •Forster describes 1954 ANA past president remarks •McCarthyism as a form of Nazism •Born in Aarslev, Denmark •U.S. at age 5 years. Father soon died •Worked through grade school •Not considered high school material •Apprenticed as a carpenter and at 17 was master carpenter, a construction foreman and expert in advanced mathematics •Passed high school examinations (expert in mathematics and fluent in 6 languages) •Pre-meddd dur ing n ig ht sc hoo l wor ke d during day •1919 MD with honors (Junior AOA) at despite •retinitis with macular involvement •Teaching mathematics and English at private school at night Johannes Nielsen

•Residency Battle Creek Sanitarium and U. of Vienna with . •1929 Private ppgypyyractice of neurology/psychiatry in Los Angeles •1931 Assoc. Professor of Neurology & Psychiatry at USC Chair 1945-1952, resigned opposed separation of psychiatry from neurology. •Numerous publications. Agg„p,pnosia„ , .: Their Value in Cerebral Localization (1936 & 1946) •A founder Society of , President (1947-1948) •Fellow of the ACP, the APA and the AAN •President of ANA in 1955. •1919 MD & 1921 PhD at U. of Minnesota •1921 1st full time faculty in neurology at U. Minn. •1928 Neuropa tho logy /neuro logy Breslau and Munich •1929 Professor Nervous & MtlDiMental Diseases •1934-1943 Head Dept. Medicine •1943-1946 Head Dept. of Neuropsychiatry •Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) , 1st Ed.1942 with Hathaway • Disabling at 55 years. Textbook of Neurology . Later completed by A.B. Baker Up From Little Egypt bPby Perc iva lBill Bailey •Deprived early life. Left home at 14 •Southern Illinois State Teachers College •BS 1912. PhD 1918 University of Chicago •1918 MD Northwestern University •Applied for residencies: •Harvey Cushing (Neurosurgery) accepted immediately •Adolf Meyer (Psychiatry) 3 months too late. Percival Bailey

•Relationship with Cushing a life-long, love -hate relationship •Cushing 1919-1920, 1922-1925, and 1926-1928. •1921-1922 Salpêtrière in Paris. •1925-1926 St. Anne’ s hospital in Paris •Professor of (1929-1939) & Neurology (1933-1939) at U. Chicago. •1939-1948 Di sti ngu is he d Pro f. Neuro logy an d Neuro log ica l Surgery, University of Illinois •1951-1967 Professor of Psychiatry University of Illinois •Over 260 publications in neuropathology, , , neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry including: •Tumors of the Group with Cushing. •Challenged scientific basis for . Sigmund the Unserene: A Tragedy in Three Acts. •HFllfthAPAHonorary Fellow of the APA. Percival Bailey

Contributions Recognized During his Lifetime •Honorary member of societies in at least 17 countries. •45 international distinguished scholastic and professional honors •President •American Neurological Association (1955), •Cen tra l Neuropsyc hia tr ic Assoc ia tion (1940), •Soc.Neurological Surgeons (1948), •Society of Biological Psychiatry (1948), •Illinois Psychiatric Society (1954), and •Chicago Literary Club ((1954) •MD Cincinnati College of Medicine (1921) •Residencies at Cincinnati General Hospital & . •1924-1969 Private practice and DttfAtUCiitiDepartment of Anatomy U. Cincinnati •1926-1948 Neuropathologist Cincinnati General •NtltifldNeuroanatomy lectures influenced Forster’s interest in neurology •Described changes in hypothalamus in various disease and comparative electrophysiology of the vertebrate •Chair Section on Nervous and Mental Diseases of AMA •First research grants committee NINDB •Vice president of ANA (1955) •Member all major societies representing neurology, psychiatry, neuropathology, anatomy and EEG •1925 MD U.Toronto, 2nd to Charles Best, the co-discoverer of insulin •Neurology residency •Neuropathology at Eppendorfer Krankenhaus in Hamburg •1929-1934 Assistant Professor at Rush Medical College. •1934-1962 University of Illinois •1962-1968 Professor Neurology Northwestern University •President : ABPN (1953), ANA (1954), Amer. Epilepsy Soc. (1958), Society Biological Psychiatry (1950- 1951), National Multiple Sclerosis Society (1960 -1962) •Member of the Advisory Council of NINDB 1953-1957 •1958 AMA established Archives of Neurology official organ of the ANA •1923 MD Harvard University •1930 Doctor of Science U. Pennsylvania •1923 t o 1925 Phil a de lp hia Or thope dic hosp ita l and Infirmary for Nervous Disease •1925 to 1928 Fellow in Neuropsychiatry at the U. of Pennsyyplvania and at the Philadelphia General Hospital •1928-1929 Studied at Queens Square, Madrid with del Rio Hortega and Hamburg- Friedrichsberg with Alfons Jakob “Alpers Disease” in Jakob’s laboratory • 1929-1939 Director Neuropathology U. Penn • 1939-1966 Chairman Dept. of Nervous and Mental Disease at Jefferson Medical College •. Over 160 scientific articles •First 4 on CSF as a medical student •Clinical Neurology , six editions 1943 to 1971. Single author on all but the sixth edition (with Elliott Mancall) •President: ABPN (1955), ANA (1959), and American Association of Neuropathologists •1913 MD University of Minnesota •1917 U.S. Army training Neuroppysychiatr y at U. Michi gan. •Following WW I Assistant in Neuropsychiatry U. of Michigan. •1920-1956 Mayo Clin ic •1956 Moersch-Woltman Stiff- Man Syndrome •1951 Chairman Section Nervous and Mental Diseases of the AMA. •1952 Vice President ANA •1956 President ABPN

•BA (1928), BS (1929), MB (1930), and his MD (1931) by age 23. Then MS (1932) and PhD (1934) in neuropa tho logy a t U. o f Minnesota. •1931-1934 Pathology and 1934-1937 Neurology residency under Dr. McKinley •1937-1977 Instructor in neurology and pathology to Professor and Director of Neurology in 1946. •1977-1983 Chief of Neurology at Mt Sinai Hospital in Minneapolis. •President •ABPN 1963, AAN 1948-1951, ANA 1979-1971, Epilepsy Foundation of America 1971-1973 •Fulbright Teaching Professorship at the University of Oslo (1959) •Election to Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (youngest foreign member ever) •Honorary member of neurological societies of Chile and Argentina Abe Baker Accomplishments Brilliant, tenacious bull dog without false modesty. Accomplished what he set out to do •Most important? •Role in founding the AAN in 1948 •Leader of the 4 horsemen •Organizational meeting in Chicago, chaired by Baker, WltWalter F reeman el ect tded presid ent , ltlater BkBaker was first president (1948-1951) •1st scientific meeting French Lick, IN 1948 •National activity for establishment of NINDB 1950 •Lobbying congressmen and leading active committees. •Served on all the early supervisory committees • Over 200 publications in many areas, most prominent •Neuro-pathology of poliomyelitis (early) •Organized the International Study of Cerebral Atherosc lerosi s •1955, 1st edition of Clinical Neurology •1932 MD University of Michigan. •1932-1936 Intern and residency U. Michigan. •1936 Master’s degree in neurology •1936-1976 Instructor to Professor & Chairman of Neurology in 1950 •1976-1990 Professor Emeritus •Trained over 100 residents •1954-1955 Fulbright Research Fellow at the National Hospital, Queen Square in London •Over 200 publications . Broad clinical interest •1971-1972 ABPN Interim Exec. Secretary •AAN • 1st of 4 horsemen on ABPN.. • 1st Vice President 1961-1963 •1950-1976 1st Editor-in-Chief Neurology Russell DeJong

• 1950, 1st of 4 editions of, The Neurologic Examination •President of ANA (1965) •President of Am. Epilepsy Society (1955-1956) •Member training grant committee for neurology •National Institute of Mental Health (1950-1952) •Then NINDB (1952-1956) •1956-1963, NINDB research grant committee •Honorary membership in neurological societies of several countries •Gutmann “In Memoriam” Neurology •1937 MD University of Cincinnati College of Medicine •Neurology residency Boston City Hospital Putnam and Merritt •Psychiatry residency Pennsylvania Hospital •1940-1941 Rockefeller Research Fellow Physi ol ogy i n F ult on ’s La b a t Ya le •1941 Instructor in Neurology Boston University School of Medicine •1943 Facu lty a t Je fferson M edi ca l College in Philadelphia •1950-1958 1st Prof. & Chair Department Neurology, Georgetown University 1953-1958 Dean, Georgetown School of Medicine 1958-1978 Prof. & Chair Dept Neurology U Wisconsin 1978-1982 Emeritus Professor Francis Forster •More than 200 publications •Most on with ppyrimary interest in epppyilepsy •Trained over 100 residents and 16 academic chairs •President •AAN 1957-1959, ABPN 1960, Pavlovian Society, American Epilepsy Society •Consultant to the Surgeons General of USPHS, U.S. Navy, and U.S. Air Force •Member of many professional organizations including NIH and AMA •Honors •1955 Honorary LLD degree Xavier University •1982 Honorary DSc degree Georgetown University. •Distinguished Service Award AAN •William G. Lennox Award from the American Epilepsy Society •Consulting physician to President Dwight Eisenhower, President Quirino & Archbishop Reyes of the Philippines, President LLonardi’onardi of Argentina , & Cardinal Albert Meyer of Chicago •1964, Dr. Forster’s testimony Jack Ruby’s acts inconsistent with epileptic •Plaque at my birthplace •Univ. Varsity first baseman. Chose medicine over a professional baseball. •M.D. degree in 1931 •1932-1935 Neurology Univ. of Iowa •1936-1986 Faculty •1947-1974 Professor and Head of Department in 1947 until 1974 •1974-1986 Continued practice until death •1938-1939, Rockefeller Foundation Fellow to study with Tracy Putnam and at Boston City Hospital and John Fulton at New Haven • One of four horsemen •All phases of the NINDB •With revised and rewrote 5th & 6th editions of Grinker’s Neurology. Adolph Sahs

•General Chair, Joint Committee Stroke Facilities (1969-1978) •ANA & Regional Medical Programs •Defined risk factors, epidemiology, diagnosis, diagnostic workup, manag ement , and s pecific treatment for the time. •International Cooperative Study of Aneurysms & •Over 3000 •First multiple-institution, prospective and later randomized study of neurological disease •Defined the natural history of intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations •Later a random controlled study of treatment •Resu lts important, bu t as important w as early championing of trial methodology for evidence based medicine •Many honors and appointments, include •PidtPresident ABPN (1967), AAN (1961-1963), an d ANA (1967- 1968) •Born Honolulu, Hawaii •1928 AB in bacteriology Stanford •1932 MD University of Oregon •1937 MS University of Michigan •1932-1935 Residency Neuropsychiatry Hans Reese U. of Wisconsin •1935-1937 Instructor U. Michigan •1940-1941 Asst. Professor Dept Neurology and Psychiatry, Indiana U. •September of 1941, Active duty WW II •Only EEG lab. in European theater •1995,45, Chi ef of N eur ology fo r U .S . a rm y Discharged as Lt. Colonel •1948-1952, Prof. & Chair, Dept. Neurology & Psychiatry Indiana U. •1952-1971 CfChaired Dept. of Neurology •Publications include progressive selective sudomotor denervation, Ross’s syndrome •Vice President: ANA, AAN, ABPN •Advisor to NIH and VA Alexander Ross WHY INCLUDED? Ross Low key completely altruist and not aggrandizing . He did not seek praise usually chuckle and change the subject. UNDERCOVER 5TH HORSEMAN? •In 1972 among hundreds of letters to Indiana University at Ross’s retirement, 4 were from each of the “Four Horsemen”. Each commented on his role in the formation of the AAN. Three excerpts: •Baker (the leader): “…Dr. Ross had the vision to realize the importance of this phase of medicine and joined us in the formation of the American Academy of Neurology and in the gradual expansion and activation of this specialty.” •Forster “…American Academy of Neurology…His valiant efforts and its inception had much to do with bringing this Society into being…” •ShSahs “…numerous contttacts with ithhidi him during th thfe foundi ng and dth the earl y days of the American Academy of Neurology. …carry out effectively a number of administrative assignments in the fledging Academy.” Direct contribution probably will never be known, if not a horseman, he must have played a large role as a groom. •Born in Touretz, Russia 1894 Military family •Orphaned age 9 years •1919 MD with high honors, Military Medical Academy St. Petersburg; Bekhterev, Flechsig, Maximow, Pavlov •Escape Finland, England to Paris. •1925 MD, U. of Paris, Pierre and Babinski •Research Fellow with Stanley Cobb •1931 Research fellow Minkowski in Switzerland 1st •1928-1947 Many positions at Harvard and affiliated hospitals •1947-1951 Associate Professor at Yale •1951-1961 Returned to Harvard, Assoc. Prof. Neurology (1955), Prof. Neuropathology (1957 Paul Yakovlev

•Developed giant microtome to serially section whole •Major studies of epilepsy, mental retardation, neurocutaneous syndromes, frontal , the limbic cortex, schizencephaly, atlases of the human brain, development of the h uman bra in, an d many o thers • >900 and 250,000 slides housed at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology as a national resource

•ABPN Director 1951-1958, Vice President 1957-1958. •President American Assoc. Neuropathologists (1951) •Vice President ANA (1959) •1955 Max Weinstein Award, United Association •1930 MD Yale • 1930-1931 Pathology, New Haven Hospital (1930-1931) •1931-1932 Fellow neurophysiology Harvard Medical School •1934-1935 Neuropathology under Dr. W. Spielmeyer at Kaiser Wilhelm Institute Munich and University of Amsterdam •1936-1940 Resident at MGH and Boston Psychopathic Hospital •1942-1944 Assoc. Prof. Neuropsychiatry UiUnivers ity o fOf Oregon •1946 California Pacific Medical Center •1959 1st Chair of Dept. Neurology •Founded Research Institute •Vice President ANA (1963) •President San Francisco Neurological Soc. (1954 -1955) *Major research & open heart surgery •Jack Whisnant •1932 MD Rush Medical College •Fellow Medicine & Neurology Mayo Clin. •1938 MS Mayo Graduate School •1936-1958 Mayo Clinic •1950 Prof., 1954 Chair Neurology •1958. Died 2 nd year on the ABPN . •1958 President ARNMD. Died few weeks before annual meeting •50 papers •Popularized the term “polymyositis” •Eaton-Lambert syndrome •Impressive clinician and teacher •Jack Whisnant, switched to neurology in 2nd year of medicine residency. Pioneers of Child Neurology •1938 M.D. from Boston University •1939-1940 Psychiatry resident Westboro State Hospital •1940-1943 Neurology residency at Boston City Hospital. Merritt’s last chief resident and Denny-Brown’s first •December of 1943, WW II European theater. •1945 Resppgonsible neurological care of war criminals. •1946 Merritt at the Montefiore Hospital •1948 With Merritt to Neurol. Institute •1951 Merritt asked him to follow Casamajor as chief of the Pediatric Neurology Service. •1962-1978 Dwight David Eisenhower United Cerebral Palsy Professor •1978 Professor Emeritus of Neurology and . 1978-1989 Chief of neurology Blythedale Children’s Hospital, Valhalla, New York •CHILD NEUROLOGY •Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center a prototype for child neurology. •Establishing Training Programs in Child Neurology •1957 leadership role in negotiations with the NINDB to obtain support for child neurology training programs. •Establishing Child Neurology as Recognized •With Francis Forster and considerable dialogue, the American Board of Pediatrics agreed to accept Neurology as the parent. • As the fi rst id entifi ed child neuro log is t direc tor (1959-1966 o f the ABPN, guided the development of “Special Competence in Child Neurology” certification by the ABPN (1967) •Recognition •President of 3 major organizations representing neurology •ABPN (1965), AAN (1969-1971), ANA (1978-1979) •Sidneyygyyy Carter Award in Child Neurology awarded biannually by AAN •Hower Award, Child Neurology Society 1976. •Sidney Carter Professorship in Pediatric Neurology at the College of Phyygsicians and Surgeons of Columbia Universit y •1939 PhD in Anatomy U. Chicago •1946 MD Universityyg of Chicago •1947-1950 Neurology residency . •1950-1951 Fulbright National Hospital at Q’SQueen’s Square •1951-1965 Instructor to Assoc. Prof Johns Hopkins •1965-1979 1st Professor & Chair Dept. of Neurology U. of Kentucky •Participant in negotiations with American Board of Pediatrics on Child Neurology •1959 Carter’s asst. first child examinations •1969 ABPN director 1st year of “Special Qualification in Child Neurol.” •Many international honorary lectureships •1979 Child Neurol.Soc Hower Award.

•1932 MD Harvard •1932-1934 Resident MGH •1934 Assoc. Prof. of Anat. U. No. Carolina •1937-1951 MGH & Boston PhthiHitlPsychopathic Hospital. •1951-1970 Professor & Chair Division of Neurology at UCLA •1970-1974 Chairman of Neurology Department •1974- VA Distinguished Physician. . • Directed the collaborative study evaluating the effects of ACTH in multiple sclerosis •President of AAN (1959-1961) and ANA (1969) •Council of NINDS •Boards of many volunteer organizations •Honorary Member Association of British Neurologists (1972) •1933 MD Harvard •1933- Training in Neurology and Psychiatry at Orthopaedic Hospital and Infirmary for Nervous Disease, New York Hospital, Pennsylvania Hosp ita l, Rho de Is lan d Sta te Hosp ita l •Entire career private practice with voluntary academic appointments •1963-67 Ch a irman Dep t. Neuro logy Philadelphia General Hospital •1964-1970 Chair of Dept. Neurology and Psychiatry at Lankenau Hospital •ANA Assistant Secretary (1948- 1955), Secretary-treasurer (1955- 1959), Vice President ( 1960) •ABPN As Chair of Examinations Committee, major contributor to introduction (1967) of the written examination •BA (1932) MA (1934) USC •1939 MD University of Oregon •1940-1942 Neurology resident Los Angeles County Hospital •1942-1943 Boston Psychopathic Hospital. •1943-1944 Fellow in neurology at Harvard •1944-1973 Instructor to Professor (1967) College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University •1947-1973 Established and directed HdhCliitMtfiHHeadache Clinic at Montefiore Hosp itlital •1973-1986 Prof. Neurology U. of Arizona •International Authority on •Chaired many committees including NINDB Ad Hoc Committee on Classification and World Commission for the Study of Hea dac he (1958. •Honorary chief of the Kiowa Indians (1958) Explanation??. •Morgantown High School & West Virginia University •1948 MD Harvard Medical School •1949-1951 Neurology with Alpers at Jefferson •1953-1956 Completed training and chief resident Neurological Institute of New York •1956-1988 Ass t. Pro fessor Dep t o f Neurology and Psychiatry U. of Virginia •1958 named Neurologist-in-Chief •1964 Professor of Neurology •1967 1st Chair Dept of Neurology •1972 Alumni Professor •1996 Robley Dunglison Teaching Award •Primary interest and myasthenia •Residency program and Indiana 1943 MD New York University 1943-1944 Residency neuropsychiatry under Foster Kennedy 1947 Completed residency Montefiore 1948 Moved with Merritt to the New York NlilItittNeurological Institute 1950-1973 Promoted to Merritt Professor of Neurology & Assoc. Dean 1973-1992 Chair Dept. Neurol Mount Sinai . 1992-2004 Aidekman Chair Neurol Research •Over 300 publications.: Most Parkinson’s Disease •Hoehn-Yahr scale •1968, Yahr et al confirmed high oral doses L-Dopa effective •Consultant •NINDS, the National Research Council •National Academy of Sciences, •Honors include President ABPN (1981) and ANA (1970) •1855 MD University of Oregon •1956-1957 Neurology residency U. Iowa. 1957-1960 Neurology Mayo Clinic •1963-2004 U. Texas - Galveston Asst. Prof. Department of Psychiatry. •1970 Professor of Division of Neurol. •1973-2002 1st Chair Dept. Neurology •Four Golden Apple awards •2004 John P. McGovern, M.D. Award in Oslerian Medicine •President of Association of University PfProfessors of fN Neurol ogy •Chairman of ACGME Residency Review Committee for Neurology •2004 Texas Neuro log ic Soc ie ty ’s Life time Achievement Ward. •2004 AAN Foundation established John R. Calverley Education & Research Fund for a research training •1943 enrolled accelerated pre-med program Washington University. •1945 Interest in neurology stimulated by neuroanatomy class by James O'Leary •1949 MD Washington University at age 21 •1950-1951 Neurology residency at Barnes Hospital •1951-1953 Resident in neurology at the Neurological Institute in New York •1953-1955 One of the first postdoctoral fellows at Clinical Center of NIH •1955-1989 Private practice in St. Louis •Declined full-time faculty position at Washington University. Feared would not be successful in research •volunteer faculty member promoted to Clinical Professor. •Special interest in Alzheimer’s disease stimulated research ideas and led to major research programs. Leonard Berg

•1989-1998 Distinguished Academic •Professor of Neurology •Team developed clinical staging instrument, Clinical Rating (CDR) to distinguish healthy aging from very mild dementia •1979 NIH awarded four-year grant to study these groups •1985 NIH grant to establish Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (ADRC) •Director until 1997 •National Leadership and Honors •1991-1995 Chairman National Alzheimer’s Association’s Medical and Scientific Advisory Council •Member of the Scientific Advisory Council of the American Federation for Aging Research •Congressional Advisory Panel on Alzheimer’s Disease (1993-1995). •Lifetime Achievement Award and the Public Service Awards from the Alzheimer's Association. •1998 Became Emeritus Professor. Cerebral hemorrhage assoc. with amyloid angithiopathy •2007 Final hemorrhage and death

Photographs ABPN Files except:

Leonard Berg (Photo Courtesy of daughter Nancy Berg and Dr. William Landau)

Johannes Maargaard Nielsen and Henry William Woltman (Photo Courtesy of the American Neurological Association) Hicks, R, Centennial Anniversary Volume of the American Neurological Association 1875-1975, edited by D. Denny-Brown, A.S. Rose, and A.L. Sahs, Springer, New York.

Tracy Jackson Putnam and Percival Bailey (Photo Courtesy of Society of Neurological Surgeons) Patterson, Jr. RH. The Societyygg of Neurological Surgeons 80th Anniversar y Volume. Winston-Salem, NC: Wake Forest University Press – Scientific Division. 2001.