BOOK REVIEWS 407

Nor are the theories of Drs Garson and Mitchell xxxvi) of a memoir in English, The : universally accepted, as can be seen from the an active volcanic arc in the Mediterranean Sea, comments on their previous work by that other under the general editorship of Professor L. Villari pundit on metallogeny Professor Routhier in his of the International Institute of Volcanology at memoir 'Oti sent les m6taux pour l'avenir?' (itself Catania_ This latter comprises also a new series of reviewed by Sir Kingsley Dunham in Mineral. Macd. handsomely coiour printed geological maps, of 44, 239-40, 1981), not 'Ou sent les Metause pour which Professor Pichler provides simplified un- l'arenir?' as this reference list suggests. Unfortun- coloured versions of the relevant islands in his ately, there are typesetting, proof readers', and guide: he was himself responsible for the coioured editorial errors in what, at this price, should be a map and the account of incorporated in the technically perfect book. Besides those mentioned Italian publication. above, these mistakes include three words missing There is not too much overlap between the two from the sub-title of Professor Routhier's book and publications; the one under review is a detailed 'Robinson' substituted for 'Robertson' in two field guidebook, and less of a geological and papers by Fleet and R. (1979 and 1980). petrological memoir, although Pichler manages to One of the biggest difficulties in the application incorporate a very great deal of such information. of plate theory in mineral exploration is recognition It follows the now familiar pattern of its pre- of plate enviroments in the fossil state--particularly decessors in the series, which the reviewer and in Precambrian rocks. Indeed there is still con- others have found in practice admirably to fulfil siderable dispute about the fundamental nature of their intended purpose. The volume opens with Precambrian crustal processes. These problems a preface giving useful logistic details: travel by bus, inevitably hamper the testing of Drs Mitchell and boat, etc., and a suggested itinerary; and (as in Garson's ideas in practical situations. previous volumes) a brief review of the Streckeisen- Nevertheless, this book should follow the several IUGS system of rock nomenclature. Next follows anthologies of collected papers, conference pro- a substantial review (70 pp.) of the regional and ceedings, and the very few textbooks on this subject structural geology of the Tyrrhenian region and on the library shelves of those concerned with the petrogenesis is of the recent volcanism in the global metallogeny. It contains a thought-provoking Tyrrhenian Sea. This is excellently done (a slight series of hypotheses which will undoubtedly stimu- shock, in the review copy, to find a boat timetable late researchers and may encourage company destined for p. 92 bound in at p. 68 amidst a geologists to re-consider the dominantly empirical discussion of submarine volcanicity). philosophy on which much mineral exploration is The following sixty pages are devoted to Lipari: traditionally based. a concise general account of its volcanological J. McM. MOORE history, structure, and petrology followed by thirty- seven pages describing in detail the best exposures and itineraries for excursions, with much loglsitic Pichler, Hans. ltalienische Vulkan-Gebiete III as well as geological detail. We are told (p. 104) (Sammlung Geologischer Fiihrer Bd. 69). Berlin that the beginning of the pathway up Mte. Pilate and Stuttgart (G-ebr. Borntraeger), 1981. xix + 270 is difficult to find, so we are thoughtfully provided pp., 53 figs., 12 tables, 4 folded sheets of maps with the correct Italian phrase in which to ask the and tables. Price DM 48. way. Having followed the detailed route around This admirable pocket-sized guidebook follows the well-described exposures we eventually regain some distance in the wake of previous members of the coast at Canneto--where we are assured the series which began in 1970 with Parts I and II that the Miramare bar will provide much-needed (Mineral. Mag. 38, 537). Volume III of Professor iced Kronenbourg lager. Similar treatment is Pichler's guides to the Italian volcanic districts accorded (pp. 130-88) and covers the Aeolian Islands of Lipari, Vulcano, and (pp. 189-231). An enormous amount of detailed Stromboli, together with an account of the vul- geological information is given, and every kind of canism of the Tyrrhenian Sea; the author predicts reader from the professional volcanologlst to the in his preface that a fourth volume will deal with interested holiday-maker can extract what he or Etna, Monti Iblei, Cape Passero, and Pantelleria, she requires with little difficulty. The German text and a fifth with the other Aeolian Islands (Salina, is straightforward and lucidly written; the line , , , Basiluzzo), Ustica, illustrations and occasional half-tones are legible Linosa, and Mte. Vulture. and clearly reproduced; there is a comprehensive The present volume is to be considered alongside bibliography, and subject and locality indexes. the publication in 1980 by the Societfi Italiana di Black and white maps of Vulcano, Lipari, Mineralogia e Petrologia (Rendiconti S.I.M.P., vol. Stromboli, and the Tyrrhenian Sea are enclosed in 408 BOOK REVIEWS a flimsy paper band inside the back cover. Other- tures and there is often evidence that the plutons wise the volume is well-produced, in a soft linen enlarge with depth--stoping only becomes possible cloth cover of (large) pocket dimensions. after some space has been provided by a mechanism This is a real guidebook, in that it not only covers that remains obscure. In this part there are chapters the geology with great thoroughness but also gives on the basic plutons, the Caledonian granites and tips on travel and accommodation, cultural monu- diorites of England and Wales, and the alkaline ments, history, geography, climate, and much else. intrusions of northwestern Scotland, but in many It is indispensable for anyone visiting these ways the most interesting and innovative chapter delectable islands with geological ends in view. is that on the granites and diorites of Scotland (by E. A. VINCENT R. J. Pankhurst and D. S. Sutherland, with con- tributions by G. C. Brown and W. S. Pitcher). The now classic grouping suggested by Read into 'Older Granites' and Migmatites is followed, but the Sutherland, D. S., Ed. Igneous Rocks of the British 'Newer Granites' are placed in three groups, Isles. Chichester and New York (John Wiley and according to their time of emplacement; this and Sons). xvi+ 645 pp., 176 figs., 37 photos., 80 geol. Sr isotopic ratios lead to the suggestion that there sketch-maps, 1982. Price s are affinities between the Older and Group I Newer This book gathers together a systematic modern Granites, which may be S-type granites, and account of the major occurrences of igneous rocks between Group II and Group III Newer Granites, in Britain and Ireland. Its thirty-four chapters on which conform more to the 1-type of Chappell and rocks ranging from those of the Precambrian to White. the Tertiary have been written by thirty-seven Devonian and Carboniferous volcanism con- authors. There are also a substantial and well- stitutes Part 4 of the book, with consideration not illustrated 65-page appendix on the petrography only of the widespread volcanism of Scotland and of British igneous rocks, twenty-four tables of SW England but also of the Late Carboniferous selected chemical analyses, and an up-to-date intrusions (Whin, Lugar and Midland Valley sills compilation of geochronological data. and associated dykes). The possible derivation of The work is arranged in seven parts in chrono- tholeiitic magmas by ,--40~o partial melting of logical order, each with an introductory chapter lherzolite mantle is proposed by P. A. Floyd, who which aims to place the igneous activity within the also suggests that alkali-basalt parent magmas only wider context of tectonics and plate movements. require 15-20~ melting of the same source. The Much attention has been given to the provision of chapters on the various aspects of the Hercynian a useful bibliography: some 1900 references are granites (their geological setting, petrology, late- placed together at the end of the book but are stage alteration and petrogenesis) are virtually all divided into seven sections corresponding with the by C. S. Exley and M. Stone. Particular attention part of the volume in which they are quoted, is paid to the interpretation of textures and order together with an indication of with which chapter of crystallization and to the chemical variations or appendix the reference is linked. shown by the exposed granite cupolas before The Precambrian igneous rocks of the Lewisian considering the origin of the granites. The complex are of necessity given rather brief treat- structural and tectonic environment of the Permian ment, later deformation and metamorphism having and Mesozoic igneous rocks is discussed by Sir obscured or destroyed their original relationship Peter Kent. In the Jurassic there was a basaltic with other rocks. The scattered outcrops of Pre- volcanic centre in the North Sea and the widespread cambrian in England, Wales, and Ireland include fullers' earth of southern England is essentially a variety of igneous rocks, as do those of the a vitric tuff; the clayey partings known in the Channel Islands. The Lower Palaeozoic volcanic Chalk can be interpreted as ashfalls. rocks are well covered with individual chapters on As the Director of the Institute of Geological volcanism in the Dalradian, Ordovician volcanism Sciences reminds us in his introduction to Part 7 in Scotland, Lower Palaeozoic volcanism in Wales dealing with the British Tertiary Province, genera- and the Welsh Borderland, Ordovician volcanicity tions of British petrologists have learned the in the English Lake District, and Lower Palaeozoic fundamentals of their subject by early introduction volcanism in Ireland. to this young, well exposed, and dramatically In the introductory chapter to the Caledonian complex assemblage of igneous rocks. And in their intrusive rocks, B. C. King points out that the turn these rocks have probably provided more mode of emplacement of the common transgressive information per unit volume than any other such granites is still far from explained: there are only districts of the world. Here we have chapters on local indications of displacement of adjacent struc- the eruptive volcanism, the central complexes, the