VISIT WEBSITE & READ DAILY NEWS DECEMBER 21, 2015 N 4 yovelkvireuli orenovani gazeTi saqarTveloSi

WEEKLY BILINGUAL NEWSPAPER IN GEORGIA

2 EUROPEAN COMISSION SAAKASHVILI: THEN AND NOW P. ISSUED THE FINAL AND POSITIVE Now, it’s time for Ukraine to experience this style of REPORT ON EU-GEORGIA politician. They claim that if he can implement suc- VISA LIBERALIZATION cessful reforms in Odessa (where he is governor) he can eventually rule Ukraine from the higher echelons. But first, Saakashvili needs PR. It’s important for him GEORGIA OPENS that Ukrainian society watches him on TV; presuma- bly, the debate with Minister of Interior of Ukraine Ar- NEGOTIATIONS ON FREE TRADE seny Avakov on December 14 served this mission. The AGREEMENT WITH CHINA P. 8 topic discussed was privatization of the Odessa Portside Plant (OPZ), and the debate ended with the now-famous glass being thrown. “SEED FORUM” OFFERS INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES CONSUL GENERAL DIANA ZHGENTI TO START-UPS EXCLUSIVE P.9 SUMS UP CONSULAR WORK EXCLUSIVE P.4

In general, the work we perform at our office is di- WORLD-CLASS OPERA STAR NINO verse, as it includes the cultural, economic and political SURGULADZE DISCUSSES HER promotion of Georgia to our friends in the United FUTURE PLANS EXCLUSIVE P.14 States. We are also entitled to ensure that the rights and lawful interests of Georgian citizens are protected in accordance with local laws and international treaties. Additionally, the agenda of the Consulate General ena- THE DAUGHTER OF A FORMER bles us to promote tourism as well as investment op- DIPLOMAT HELD EXHIBITION portunities in Georgia, enhance cultural cooperation EXCLUSIVE 17 between the nations, and deepen scientific and tech- ABOUT BORDERS P. nical partnerships.

2 DECEMBER 21, 2015 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE POLITICS SAAKASHVILI: THEN AND NOW

NINO SHARASHIDZE (BELGIUM)

welve years ago, Mikheil Saakashvili was a "peace- ful protester." Now, he has T to protect himself from being pummelled with glasses filled with water at governmental meet- ings in Ukraine. He can provoke Ukrainian ministers easily. In Geor- gia, the ministers of Eduard Shvar- dnadze’s government either were afraid of him or didn’t take him seriously. Saakashvili never lacked charis- ma. In politics he is definitely a fish in water. It seems the ex-President of Georgia missed being the center of attention. Even when he was unemployed and living in the U.S., he appeared quite often in Georgian or international media: sometimes he attended international meetings, where current president Giorgi Margvelashvili and PM Irakli Gharibashvili were also present, other times he appeared on his favorite TV channel Rustavi 2 with books in hand that he selected from his own library. In Georgia people often discuss both Saakashvili’s good and bad sides. Public opinion is split, with some mentioning successful re- forms while others remembering being used as an ‘attack dog’ for in the 1990, is motivated by his fear PM Yatsenyk and President Po- includes Avakov’s deputy, Eka only façade renovations. Now, it’s Poroshenko, who has fallen out of Putin. But by this logic, Putin roshenko. Zghuladze, an important pillar of time for Ukraine to experience this with his prime minister.” does not like Yatsenyuk either and Regarding irritating the govern- support for Saakashvili. style of politician. They claim that This opinion is shared by some is not happy with the fact that ment, we could consider the atti- Finally, it’s interesting that the if he can implement successful members of the Ukrainian Parlia- Georgian ex-officials hold high tude of Saakashvili toward corrup- relationship between Saakashvili reforms in Odessa (where he is ment, who think the President uses positions in Poroshenko’s govern- tion. This politician, who became and Poroshenko is very similar to governor) he can eventually rule Saakashvili for his own intentions ment. Financial Times: “Mr Saa- famous in Georgia during the rule the relationship between Saakash- Ukraine from the higher echelons. and that the Prime Minister, who kashvili, through increasingly out- of Shevardnadze by accusing vili and Eduard Shevardnadze, with But first, Saakashvili needs PR. has an approval rating of near-zero, spoken accusations of top-level ministers of corruption, does not Georgia’s former president having It’s important for him that Ukraini- is afraid of him. Apparently, the corruption, is emerging both as a feel comfortable in an environment enjoyed the trust of both. Pre- an society watches him on TV; problem lies with President Po- player on Ukraine’s national poli- where corruption is flourishing. sumably, like Pornoshenko, She- presumably, the debate with Minis- roshenko, who cannot decide which tical stage and a significant irritant Despite the lack of time since vardnadze was using Saakashvili to ter of Interior of Ukraine Arseny one he needs more: Yatsenyuk or to the government.” his appointment, Saakashvili has make similar speeches during the Avakov on December 14 served Saakashvili. A governor can’t acuse It is true that Saakashvili plays a already made significant reforms in 1990s. Recalling the scenario that this mission. The topic discussed the Prime Minister of corruption significant role on the political Odessa by copying what he did in developed with Shevardnadze in was privatization of the Odessa and keep his post. If he does, it stage in Ukraine, but according to Georgia. It is also worth mention- 2003 (the Rose Revolution), the Portside Plant (OPZ), and the means either he is telling the truth, recent polls, ex-President Viktor ing that Saakashvili is not alone in President of Ukraine should be debate ended with the now-famous people are afraid of him, or some- Yanukovich’s favorability rating Ukraine’s government; he has cautious. Saakashvili’s roses still glass being thrown. one very powerful is using him. currently tops40 percent. This is people behind him who enjoy the have thorns, and the ambitions of The footage clearly shows that Maybe Poroshenko, who studied alarming for a government that significant trust of the former the now citizen of Ukraine are Avakov accused Saakashvili of a with Saakashvili in Kiyv University Saakashvili represents together with President of Georgia. The list increasing day by day. relationship with a Russian oli- garch. In response, Saakashvili called him a thief and corrupt minister, and claiming that while he might not have millions, he is honest. Then, Avakov shouted “get the hell out of my country!” before he lost control threw in the glass at the Odessa governor’s face. In this conflict, Ukrainian Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk also intervened, calling Saakashvili a “clown” and asking him to leave the country. To that proposal, the governor of Odessa responded that he is a citizen of Ukraine, like Yatsenyuk, with the difference being that he has not plundered the country. Everything happened in the pres- ence of President Poroshenko, who tried to calm down both sides and close the session. Politicians and international media have made different assess- ments of the incident. UNM’s office stated that Saakashvili has a high degree of popularity in Ukraine, something which irritates Ukrainian officials. This explains Avakov and Yatsenyuk’s reactions. UNM also claims that Saakashvili has increasing favorability and expect more conflicts with Ukraini- an officials. The Guardian: “There has been speculation both that Saakashvili is after the PM’s job, and that he is

, 2015 DECEMBER 21 3 POLITICS WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE WHO GETS WHAT, WHEN AND HOW?

TEIMURAZ SHA

he non-governmental or- GEL). ary school accommodations and ganization Institute of We now live in a capitalist facilities in the mountainous Development of Freedom country, where the government regions of Georgia or to the rein- T of Information published does not build and operate mills forcement of the learning of state an analytical blog on December 16 and factories as it did during the language in the ethnic minority summarizing the bonuses and Soviet period, nor will it manage regions, or for the funding of salary supplements of Georgian the market and industrial sphere; scholarships for successful students high officials during the first six though it is possible to spread at and scientists to take part in student months of 2015. Only the Ministry least a part of those generous exchange programs or research – of Internal Affairs, and the Ministry government bonuses to benefit these could all bring great benefits of Economy and Sustainable ordinary citizens. to the state. Development of Georgia deviated For instance, if the half of While the Ministry of Regional from the publication of documents bonuses and supplements issued by Development and Infrastructure containing information about the Ministry of Culture and Monu- issues bonuses and supplements in salaries and bonuses; the other ment Protection were directed the amount of 358 348 GEL, we governmental ministries provided toward the rehabilitation of histori- lack safe roads in mountainous factual information to the IDFI. cal monuments in the regions or in regions, the population of the According to that information, towns, it could create income for Kiziki historical region has huge in the first half (6 months) of 2015, locals as well as potentially attract problems with water delivery, and all ministers, their deputies and tourists. neither local officials, nor the other officials received summary Or, if the first half of bonuses central government takes care of total of 5,477,391 GEL as bonuses and supplements issued by the these or other problems. The or/and salary supplements. Particu- Ministry of Education and Science millions of Laris spent on bonuses larly, less than 1 million GEL have (415,000 GEL) were oriented on supplements do not appear to be been given as bonuses, and about toward the rehabilitation of second- money well spent. 4.5 million GEL as salary supple- ments. of Georgia for Reconciliation and who live on less than the living The leading position in the Civic Equality and the State wage of 160 GEL. The remaining issuing of bonuses and supplements Minister of Georgia for Diaspora 88.4 percent do not constitute the is held by the Ministry of Defense Issues, respectively. middle or wealthy classes, howev- (730,301 GEL), in second place is It should be mentioned that the er. The share of the population the Ministry of Internal Affairs average salary in Georgia for the living on less than 60 percent of the (551,155 GEL), and the bronze first quarter of 2015 was 921 GEL median income is21.4 percent, prize in this golden trinity goes to with the living wage being160 meaning that at least 798,113of the Ministry of Culture and Monu- GEL. According to the GeoStat Georgia’s citizens are poor. ment Protection (504,830 GEL). database, 12 percent of the Geor- Georgia external debt increases Other notable ministries are the gian workforce is unemployed. each year. On July 1, 2015, it was ministries of Agriculture (495,105 According to the same depart- $13.4 billion, or 32 billion GEL at GEL), Justice (431,097 GEL), mental database, for the data of the current rate of exchange. Education and Science (415,090 2014, 432,487 persons are regis- According to official budget GEL) and Regional Development tered as living under the poverty projections for 2015 income is and Infrastructure (358,348 GEL). line. This number accounts for11.6 more than 8.048 billion GEL and Less than100,000 Lari have been percent of Georgia’s population. expenditures more than 8.110 issued as bonuses and supplements The impoverished population is billion GEL, with a small amount by the Offices of the State Minister defined as the number of people of red ink (a deficit of 61,000

EU COMMISSION TBILISI HOSTS PUTIN OPENS PUBLISHED A POSITIVE 25TH OSCE BOARDER FOR SESSION ON REPORT ON VISA-FREE GEORGIANS REGIME JULY 1-5, 2016

uropean Commission has ry, "- the Prime Minister declared. ussia is ready to abolish about the August war. issued the report on Geor- Garibashvili congratulated the visa regime with Geor- According to him, Georgia's gia’s visa-free regime. European visa-free regime to the gia. The Russian Presi- current government shows signs of E Citizens owning biometric government members and ex- R dent Vladimir Putin cooperation and Russia is open to passports will be able to travel pressed his gratitude for the work made a statement at the annual it. Trade turnover has increased Schengen area without visa. they have fulfilled on the way to press conference. between the two countries, Geor- "This is the people's appreciation European integration. "We are not the cause of tension gian wine exports to Russia are for such a long wait and a step for- EC report does not automatically and military intervention in Geor- accounted for 2/3. ward to strengthen the country and mean visa-free regime. European gia, the former government and the Georgia’s Prime Minister, this is our victory. EU and the mod- Parliament will receive the issue for former president Saakashvili are Irakli Garibashvili commented on ern civilized world confirmed their consideration to make additional responsible for their impulsive Putin's offer and assessed it as trust to Georgians. This day is very recommendations for country's visa decisions, which led the country in "one step forward in the right di- important in country's recent histo- policy. territorial separation",- Putin said rection".

he 25th annual session of the OSCE Parliamentary Assem- bly will bring together 57 T country's parliamentary dele- gation and 700 politicians; the world current affairs will be under discussion at the meeting. According to the Prime Minister, the event is unprecedented taking into account the scale of the political level; therefore, the Government and Parlia- ment should conduct efficient and co- ordinated cooperation in order to en- sure the high standards of the event. Last OSCE Parliamentary Assembly was held in Helsinki on the 24th of July.

4 DECEMBER 21, 2015 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE POLITICS CONSUL GENERAL DIANA ZHGENTI SUMS UP CONSULAR WORK EXCLUSIVE ANNA LOMTADZE (USA)

ppointed by the Ministry get consular protection in case they around forty-five movies were extremely important and we always City is working hard on the issues of Foreign Affairs of get into trouble, need special screened. Considering the fact that encourage them to be proactive in of illegal migrants, and just a year Georgia, Consul General medical care, or any other emergen- screened films are not blockbusters, bringing their needs to us. Most ago they issued ID cards which A Hon. Diana Zhgenti has cy- we are happy to assist. but artworks that are usually recently, we had an opportunity to allow everyone, including illegal had a long and prominent career In general, the work we perform derived from large audiences, the visit the Georgian Sunday School residents, to enjoy numerous social serving in diplomatic missions. On at our office is diverse, as it in- MOMA retrospective event gained in California, where we had an services. Any information available July 15, 2013, she returned to the cludes the cultural, economic and pleasantly enormous interest and opportunity to attend a Georgian through these ID cards will not be Ministry of Foreign Affairs and political promotion of Georgia to appreciation from New Yorkers. language class. In the beginning of used against their status during was appointed as a Consul General our friends in the United States. We This event was covered by well- the year, the Office of the State judicial hearings. of Georgia in New York. She spoke are also entitled to ensure that the known media outlets such as The Minister of Diaspora Issues of We are more than happy to about her work in an exclusive rights and lawful interests of Wall Street Journal and New York Georgia donated Georgian books to provide necessary information and interview with The Observer. Georgian citizens are protected in Times. several diaspora organizations. consultation to any Georgian In her office, one notices a rich accordance with local laws and As for now, we were honourably On December 12, the Consulate citizens on the above-mentioned collection of perfumes, books, international treaties.Additionally, invited to join the tenth round of General of Georgia in New York,in issues and beyond. They can write journals and a valuable collection the agenda of the Consulate Gen- the Romanian Film Festival in New collaboration with the Ministry of us on our Facebook page, visit us at of paintings from New York-based eral enables us to promote tourism York, along with Moldova. We will Foreign Affairs of Georgia, plans to our office, or simply make a call. Georgian artists of different time as well as investment opportunities be represented by the famous “Corn collect Christmas gifts for children Observer: What kind of periods. Consul General Mrs. in Georgia, enhance cultural coop- Island.” Screening will be followed living in the villages along the programs do you have to attract Zhgenti indeed collects the artwork eration between the nations, and by an open discussion on recent occupation line in Shida Kartli, foreign investment to Georgia of Georgian-American public deepen scientific and technical developments in Georgian cinema- Georgia. The idea is that children through your office? figures that best reflect the soul and partnerships. tography. from the Georgian diaspora will Mrs. Diana Zhgenti: On culture of Georgia, the country she Observer: Many people note Recently, a Georgian book send Christmas presents to their September 25-27, 2015,the Minis- represents. that the Consulate in New York has corner was opened at the Queen’s peers. While encouraging the link try of Economy and Sustainable Observer: Mrs. Consul Gen- exceptional experience in popular- library. We plan to start cooperat- with the home country, we will use Development of Georgia, in collab- eral, First of all, thank you very izing Georgian culture as well as ing with New York’s Central this opportunity to promote Geor- oration with the Consulate General much for this opportunity. I’d like retaining Georgian culture among Library, which is third in the world gian language and literature to the in New York, hosted a three-day to dive right into it. You have been our own citizens. I know there are in its significance, in order to youth living in the USA. event “Discover Georgia” in in charge of the General Consulate many, but please tell us about some promote modern and historic Observer: It should be noted Chelsea Market. This was a good in New York from 2013. What are of the main events and projects that Georgian literature. that a large number of Georgians opportunity for us to represent not the main issues that you and your on which you have worked or plan Observer: Third and fourth living in United States are undocu- only Georgian culture, but also to team deal with on an everyday to introduce in the future. generation migrants struggle to mented inhabitants. What kind of promote tourism opportunities, as basis? Mrs. Diana Zhgenti: It is true retain roots and identity, especially support are you able to provide for well as different products produced Mrs. Diana Zhgenti: To begin that the Consulate General exten- children (some of whom are not them within the framework of your in Georgia. Over 15,000 customers with, Georgia has two representa- sively oversees and coordinates even able to speak in Georgian). I Consular work? visited the exhibition daily, which tions in the United States of Ameri- cultural programming. We are am sure you have come across this Mrs. Diana Zhgenti: Fortu- clearly demonstrates the success of ca –the Embassy of Georgia in proud to present young, emerging issue, and I was wondering if the nately, there are a lot of Georgians, the project. Washington DC and the Consulate and more established artists special- Consulate has certain projects that previously “undocumented irregu- Within the framework of en- General of Georgia in New York. izing in the performing, literary, would encourage recovering of the lar immigrants”, who managed to couraging business investments in Furthermore, there is a Permanent and cinematic arts who, through “roots” and not losing that linkage legalize their documents satisfying Georgia, we often hold round-table Mission of Georgia to the United their work, weave a vibrant tapestry with the home country. all the requirements to stay, and talks and arrange various meetings Nations, which represents Geor- that celebrates Georgian culture and Mrs. Diana Zhgenti: We are thus are able to enjoy all the bene- as a chance to give information to gia’s interests to the UN. Consulate style. It is our mission to bring such fortunate that the duties of our fits provided by the US govern- potential investors about reforms in General encompasses all of the work to cultural institutions consulate enable us not only to ment. However, many of our Georgia, on the easiness of doing issues that consulates are required throughout the United States. promote Georgian culture in the citizens still remain in the United business in Georgia or any other to fulfil according to the Vienna We had an honour to work with US, but also to work directly with States with illegal status. Regretta- details that could encourage our Convention on Consular Relations, the New York Museum of Modern our citizens. Especially in modern bly, we cannot assist them in their partners to start their business in 1963. Consulate General provides Art (MOMA) in 2013, to organize times, when parents have to be at search for work since we have to our country. different services for Georgian the retrospective of Georgian work most of the time, children respect the laws of the hosting … citizens residing in the United cinema. The scale of the event only have not enough exposure to nation, but there are still legal ways After kindly answering my States (the Consular District of the comes second in the world to the Georgian culture, which makes that allow our consulate to provide questions, Mrs. Diana Zhgenti Consulate General covers 42 one in Paris held in the beginning them lose that bond with their home consular protection for those in rushed to yet another project that states.); Georgian citizens can of the 1990s. Starting from silent country. In that regard, our work need. the Consulate will organize in request all kinds of documents and films to modern cinematography, with the diaspora organizations is The mayor’s office of New York preparation for the New Year.

, DECEMBER 21 5 FACT-ANALYSIS SANAKOEV: ISIS IS MOBILIZING IN PANKISI GORGE GIORGI CHAPIDZE (BULGARIA)

eeting was held in Committee of the Red Cross Sanakoev’s statement may serve should not be excluded, whereas Ergneti on December (ICRC) auspices to clarify the fate the following goals. Firstly, we Moscow endeavours to discredit 16 in the framework of missing people. The mechanism should draw attention to the con- Georgia and conceptualize it as a M of the Incident Pre- operated until 2013 when it was text, whereas Georgia is entering volatile county. Recently intensi- vention and Reaction Mechanism abolished due to the will of the the final phase of visa liberalization fied Russian military instructions (IPRM). Representatives of Office separatist regime. procedures and the European and the appearance of combat of the State Minister of Georgia for The renewal of this kind of Commission published its fourth aircrafts means we can assume the Reconciliation and Civic Equality negotiation platform was welcomed and final positive progress report possibility of Russian provocation. and the Ministry of Internal Affairs by both sides. Within this frame- on Georgia’s implementation of the Maybe Sanakoev’s statement is of Georgia met with Davit work, the following significant action plan (VLAP) on December intended to advocate a complete Sanakoev – the so-called foreign problems will be discussed floor – 18.This statement serves to create shutdown of Akhalgori region’s affairs minister of Russian- the issue of citizens abducted by tension in the political climate. entrance during the New Year occupied South Ossetia. the de facto regime from territory The representative of occupied holidays; however, the separatists The main topics of negotiation under Georgian control and prob- Tskhinvali Region did not specify have never intended to back their were incidents that occurred since lems connected with missing his statement’s source, albeit, it’s previous decisions yet. This makes the previous meeting. The Georgian persons, as the pre-2013 agenda of content conflates with Russian us deduce that his announcement delegation raised the issue of a a similar framework was com- and South Ossetian border guards foreign policy toward the occupied was predetermined to serve wider violation of Georgian-controlled prised. and combat troops located in territories. The Kremlin is strug- intentions; for example, to back the airspace by Russian military In line with the State Minister Tskhinvali region. He added that gling to diminish EU influence over installation of barbed wires with the aircraft on December 10. Accord- for Reconciliation and Civil Equali- this is a threat not only for them but the region while a visa free regime intention of protecting separatists ing to a statement from the Office ty document “Action Plan for also for Georgian police officers with Georgia is expected to be put from imaginary terrorists. of the State Minister for Reconcili- Engagement”, the existence of a and members of the EU monitoring into operation in the ensuing It is important to note that the ation and Civil Equality, corre- status-neutral liaison mechanism is mission. He anticipated a tense months. Russian Federation unilaterally sponding photo and video docu- part of Georgia’s strategy toward situation on the Georgia-Russia Creating a culture of destabiliza- terminated its visa free regime with mentation were presented during conflict resolution. It involves border due to Moscow’s active tion by means of provocations its southern neighbour in 2000, the meeting. communication facilitation and engagement in military operations initiated by Russia supposedly appealing to the existence of Georgian representatives spoke coordination between Tbilisi and in Syria. serves e following practical goal- to military entities operating in out against the installation of the authorities in control of the The information given by the de force the EU authorities think twice Georgia. According to Kremlin barbed wires and fences. Issues of occupied regions. facto Ministry of Foreign Affairs of before bringing visa liberalization rhetoric, these organizations assist- the safety of locals during the Despite already-mentioned con- South Ossetia was deemed an into existence. In its progress report ed Chechen terrorists and threat- winter period and reestablishment cerns, Sanakoev’s statement was intentional deception by the chief the European Commission argues ened Russia’s state security. Con- of a “Coordination mechanism of the most surprising. According to of the analytical department of the that it will continue “active moni- sidering this historical experience, three sides” were also discussed. A him, militants from Islamic State Special State Protection Service of toring on Georgia’s continuous the Georgian government should coordination mechanism consisting are assembling in Pankisi Gorge. Georgia Irakli Beraia, who argued implementation of all benchmarks not turn a deaf ear to Sanakoev’s of a Georgian delegation and He emphasized that the entry of that the situation in Pankisi George under the VLAP through the statement that Islamic State mili- separatists’ representatives was set jihadist terrorists onto Georgian is under Georgian police officers’ existing association structures.” tants are gathering in Pankisi up in 2010 under International territory is hazardous for Russian absolute control. The possibility of such outcome Gorge.

6 DECEMBER 21, 2015 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE FACT-ANALYSIS EU EXTENDS SANCTIONS AGAINST RUSSIA GURAM PTSKIALADZE (BULGARIA)

he European Union plans to prolong economic sanctions against Russia. T At a summit in Brussels, officials announced that the EU is set to agree a six-month extension of economic sanctions until July 2016. If no last-minute objections are raised in the bloc’s capitals this weekend, the decision will become official on Monday afternoon, EU officials said. Sanctions would then be extended from late January to late July. EU ambassadors had been on the verge of approving sanctions extension last week, but Italy blocked the move saying it wanted a deeper discussion of the issue. On Monday, EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini and Italian Foreign Minister Paolo Gentiloni both said they expected the issue to come up at Thursday’s leaders’ summit. Both alleged they saw little resistance to approving the extension. European Council President Donald Tusk said that he had asked ambassadors of EU governments to meet later this week to debate the proposal to extend sanctions or Russia for another six months. It is notable that Tusk is one of the sturdies supporters of sustaining pressure on Moscow and had dual-use goods to Russia, as well as of whether the sanctions work, but expansion, coming up to Russia’s Russia was the EU’s third-largest already signalled publicly that advanced armaments. The agree- even more importantly – what are border. NATO promised the Krem- trading partner (representing 8.4 measures should be maintained ment marks the most recent exten- they actually supposed to achieve? lin that it would not do so, but percent of total trade) and the EU because of Russia`s failure to sion of sanctions. Does the EU want Russia to leave when they changed their mind, Russia’s biggest trading partner completely implement the Minsk The targeted sanctions focus on the Donbas? Give back Crimea? Russia started behaving more (with 48 percent of total Russian agreement. well-defined core sectors and Does the EU expect a regime strictly and ‘defending’ its sphere foreign trade). The West anticipat- Diplomats said they were companies in the Russian economy, change in Moscow? Or does EU of influence. ed that economic sanctions Russia confident the decision would go in contrast to overall trade embar- want Russia to start behaving “as a Russia thinks in terms of would weaken it to a point that it through, but there are some doubts goes that have broad effects which normal European country”, i.e. one ‘spheres of influence’ and wants would give up its intentions in over how long the bloc’s consensus are difficult to control and maintain that bases its influence on attraction not just to lay a claim to what it Ukraine and rethink its foreign regarding sanctions can last. over longer periods. The energy rather than coercion? considers its own sphere, but, more policy. Reaching an agreement of “Yes” sanctions are aimed at the oil We can divide the aim of sanc- importantly, to re-legitimize the The main conclusion is that by all member countries is crucial sector, Russia’s main export earner. tions into the three types of short, concept of spheres of influence as economic sanctions have achieved for diplomatic efforts to make Gas production and delivery are not mid and long-term goals. A short an organizing principle in the results contributing to Russia’s Russia uphold the stipulations of directly restricted by EU sanctions, term goal might be described as international arena. What makes the economic decline, but significant the Minsk peace deal. The logic of but Gazprom is targeted by US weakening the Russian economy current standoff so tense and economic costs alone have not been the sanctions policy is that it leads sanctions. This reflects the EU’s and, in fact, sanctions play a role in dangerous is not the reach of enough to persuade the regime to to the ultimate goal of forcing the dependence on Russian gas. Oil is a doing so. A mid-term goal is to Russia’s territorial ambitions, as back off and change its policy Putin administration to rethink its homogeneous good available on the make Russia rethink its policy many suggest, but vice versa – the towards Ukraine, at least not in the strategy toward sending military world market at a market price and towards Ukraine (especially its limited nature of them, and there year since sanctions were first equipment to Ukraine. can easily be replaced. Yet coun- eastern part) and Crimea, but we psychological implications. imposed. The main debate at the summit tries that are still highly dependent can see that sanctions are not A good example of the above- Pressure on the economy can be concerned the Nord stream gas on Russian pipeline oil have prob- effective in this regard, not to mentioned viewpoint is Georgia. kept up with economic sanctions, pipeline, which would ship gas via lems, as well as those that are mention the long-term goal: chang- As it became keen on joining the but the mainly political threats and the Baltic Sea to northern Germa- highly dependent on pipeline gas – ing Russian government through EU and especially NATO, Russia weaknesses in the Western project ny, adding an extra 55 billion cubic with or without LNG terminals – putting pressure on its economy. saw the West posing a danger, and must be addressed by political meters of gas to the European and cannot easily change gas Assuming that sanctions led to conducting a war against its small means. So far the EU and the US supply. Officials in Brussels, suppliers in the short and medium regime change in Russia, does the neighbour was intended to make have shown great certainty in Washington and Kiev each have terms. EU believe that this giant country clear their position: ‘you stay here’ keeping up sanctions. However, accused Moscow of using the Generally speaking, sanctions will change its policy and turn and ‘I will not let you join them.’ less attention appears to have been project to deprive Ukraine of much are an indicator that the West toward democracy? If so, the The west did nothing except take given to the political problems of its remaining political leverage regards Russia as part of the mili- problem is not just Putin and his pity on Georgia’ they had no highly hindering the success of sanctions. and revenues from transit fees. tary conflict in Ukraine, while government, as it is widely be- effective response for Russia. They As long as Kremlin propaganda The EU as well as the US began Russia denies involvement. The lieved that Russia’s political culture made a mistake by not answering controls the domestic scene and implementing sanctions on Russia sanctions, in combination with is not the result of just one govern- Russia properly. promotes misperceptions about the due to its immersion in the conflict diplomatic efforts, are non-military ment’s policy, but rather Russia`s After that, Putin assumed that if West’s intentions among the in eastern Ukraine in July 2014.At responses to Russian military nature. the West swept the Georgian case Russian population, there will be first, sanctions were targeted at aggression in Ukraine. Neither the In order to wholly understand under the carpet, Russia could go no pressure from within Russia to individuals and entities involved in US nor the EU has so far viewed the situation, we should return to further. Russia felt powerful, resolve the conflict. As time goes the invasion and annexation of direct military response as an the1990’s. In the aftermath of the assuming it could do anything it by, economic hardship will grow Crimea, and subsequently re- option. The EU has succeeded in Cold War, Moscow saw itself as wished for. And then there was the and people may become more open strictions on trade with Crimea keeping together sanctions progres- having given up everything: it left Ukrainian case. Hardly did Ukraine to listening to voices other than were introduced. These sanctions sion, and the Commission has Central Europe and the Baltic turn an eye on the West when a red those emanating from the Kremlin. restrict the ability of banks and boosted facilitation and cohesion of States, not to mention Cuba, Africa line appeared for Russia. Realizing This may open an opportunity for publicly-listed companies to raise different members’ needs and and the Middle East, and now the the West made a mistake in the the West to be heard. But before it credit on EU and US capital mar- views. This in itself is a great West seems intent on ‘taking’ the Georgian case, they decided that happens, the EU should maintain kets. On top of the financial sanc- accomplishment for the EU as a last little bit left – ‘brotherly’ now it was high time they showed its strict policy of economic sanc- tions, the EU and the US have multi-state union. Ukraine. The tension between the what they could to stop Russia. tions despite the fact that by these imposed targeted sectoral sanctions Still, a great deal of uncertainty West and Russia was dramatized By the time the EU opted to take sanctions impose pain on its mem- that prohibit the export of arms and remains not only over the question when NATO began its eastward measures against the Kremlin, ber countries as well.

DECEMBER 21, 2015 7 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE

, 2015 8 DECEMBER 21 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE ECONOMICS GEORGIA OPENS NEGOTIATIONS ON FREE TRADE AGREEMENT WITH CHINA

EKA PKHOVELISHVILI (POLAND)

inister of Economy recent years, China has dramatical- Russia maintains staunch relations and Sustainable Deve- ly increased its investments in with China up to now, but it would lopment of Georgia Georgia, especially in the roads and be problematic for Georgia’s M Dimitry Kumsiashvili infrastructure, construction and northern neighbour to tolerate its paid an official visit to the People’s energy sectors. Chinese companies privileged interests being violated Republic of China on December 9- have successfully operated in by an outside actor. 10. During the meeting, he signed a Georgia for almost 25 years. At the Evidently, it is not in the Krem- memorandum with China as a basis same time, China is the third largest lin’s strategic interests for an East- for conducting negotiations on a trade partner for Georgia after West road to be completed. It will bilateral free trade agreement Turkey and Azerbaijan. Since weaken its influence over the (FTA). The Memorandum of 2014, trade circulation between region. Understanding serves as the open- these two countries increased by 28 The New Silk Road initiative is ing document for negotiations. percent. Whether exports after expected to make significant Within this framework, the parties Georgia and China abolish tariff changes in regional geopolitics and elaborated the issue of cargo duties and the FTA is implemented boost the region’s economic devel- shipments through the Georgian remains an open question. Howev- opment. The geostrategic situation transport corridor. er, in the meantime the Govern- makes it possible for Georgia Georgia will be the first country going to implement several large- Baku-Tbilisi-Kars Railway Project, ment of Georgia should make to become a hub for transcontinen- in the Caucasus region to sign such scale projects in Georgia. Primari- which will be completed in 2016, efforts to stimulate local produc- tal shipments. Georgia would an agreement. The decision to start ly, a new locomotive factory and also increases the route’s efficien- tion. demonstrate itself as a trust- negotiations between China and construction of the New Silk Road cy. The deepening of economic worthy transit state in terms of Georgia was made by the Georgian Project are being discussed. It is The Silk Road is a transconti- relations between Georgia and energy resources and goods trans- delegation headed by the Prime also notable that Chinese officials nental trade route linking China to China is a very progressive step. portation. Minister Irakli Garibashvili during expressed interest in the deep water the Mediterranean and Black Sea Additionally, in case of the New This is a historical opportunity a visit to the People’s Republic on port construction project in Anaklia regions. The New Silk Road aims Silk Road development, Georgia to advance a regional infrastructure. September 9-13. on the Black Sea coast. at creating a free trade zone through would be regarded as a key transit The very fact that the energy sector It worth noting that both parties On November 29, a train loaded cooperation and public diplomacy. route. In this context, Georgia will and transcontinental transport expressed their readiness to com- with 21 electric freight containers The revival of the Silk Road meaningfully increase its geopoliti- systems represent the basis for the plete negotiations imminently, left China’s port terminal Lianungi- enables Georgia to restore its cal role. New Silk Road enhances its signifi- hence the private sector would have an and arrived in Tbilisi on Decem- historical mission that it had for In addition to deepening economic cance. This road still remains of the opportunity to increase business ber 13.The train from port Lianung- centuries. The idea is for Georgia to relations between Georgia and vital importance for Georgia. and trade. During the meeting, ian moved through Kazakhstan, stress its transportation function China, it is important to keep in Its advantageous location across Georgia and China underlined the from where it was then delivered to and become part of the sphere of mind the probability of political the Europe-Asia transportation significance of the “Tbilisi Silk Azerbaijan through the Caspian Sea European strategic interests. It will difficulties that may occur after the corridor increases Georgia’s strate- Road Forum” for future coopera- and to Georgia by railway. From make it possible to ship goods New Silk Road begins operating. gic role, whereas international tion between the two countries. Georgia, it would be shipped by faster and cheaper from China to Since Russia has political concerns, pipelines (Baku - Tbilisi - Ceyhan, The first round of negotiations, cargo carrier to Turkey. PM Gari- Georgia. This is a reasonable, further problems are expected to Baku - Supsa, Baku - Tbilisi- which will extend throughout the bashili praised this event as “a pragmatic policy which will make arise. The New Silk Road countries Erzurum), situated on the same year, is expected be held in January historical day.” Through this the region attractive for foreign are deemed by Moscow to be route are considered core 2016. Georgia and China reached transportation route cargo needs investment and cooperation. within the Kremlin’s sphere of components of European energy an agreement on the formation of a approximately 15 days to be deliv- Bilateral relations between influence. It is obvious that the security. These circumstances are working group dedicated to intense ered, which is 25dayss faster than Georgia and China are developing emergence of a new initiative in the crucially important for Georgian bilateral cooperation. China is by an alternative sea route. The dynamically in many ways. In region is not welcomed by Russia. statehood.

DECEMBER 21, 2015 9 BUSINESS WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE “SEED FORUM” OFFERS INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES TO START-UPS

EXCLUSIVE

NINO SHARASHIDZE (BELGIUM)

he innovation field is needy, but also a necessary process. It should be noted that six appoint the manager and allocate In parallel to opening the techno getting more popular, both The Seed Forum network is giving winner companies in the forum will operating funds. The rest, he fully park in the near future, we need to around the world and in global companies seeking capital a go to different countries, where trusts to the working team in the open IHUB Tbilisi (a business T Georgia. Start-up compa- unique opportunity to pitch their they will present their businesses to country. At this point, we do not accelerator on the basis of which nies enjoy big support and growing investment proposal concepts to foreign investors. It is important need more support, because we we will hold our activities), but interest globally. investors by facilitating global, that all costs are covered by the have very good cooperation with before that we will start the con- The President of Seed Forum national and local investor match- Seed Forum. the Innovation and Technology struction of the eco-system. We Global, Steinar Hoel Korsmo, held making forums. The companies Ukraine has a relatively long Agency of Georgia and the Minis- would like to unite all the people training sessions for 17pre-selected pitching to investors are nominated, operating Seed Forum. What try of Economy and therefore, the working on innovations and to companies in Georgia at Geolab on trained and selected in the Seed similarities and differences do operation is much easier for us. show the maximum of our abilities. December 14. The meeting was Forum process to ensure that you see? Also we get support from the We will hold popular events in diverse and productive. Each companies are investor-ready when First of all, the main similarity is Embassy of Norway, whether it is Georgia (haka tones, training, etc.), participant presented their own they pitch to investors. The Seed that both in Ukraine and in Georgia for any project funding, or other which we would like to transfer to a company and received helpful tips Forum process is very important for there is a low activity of investors support new level, and we will offer users a for growing their businesses. As a reducing risk on investments in financing new businesses, despite What are your future plans? new, non-standard approach. result, 10 companies had an oppor- start-ups. The mission of Seed the fact that, for example, in tunity to present and get funding Forum is to provide investor-ready Ukraine there is a considerable for their projects at the Seed Fo- global companies to investors and amount of resources in this regard. rum. to educate companies in fundrais- As for the differences, first of all, it The event was attended by the ing and reduce risks for investors. is the complexity of the process. Ambassador of Norway to Georgia, What was the purpose of the The thing is that in Ukraine the representatives of the diplomatic Forum? legislation is very complicated, corps, the head of Georgian Inno- The main objective of the forum which is influenced both by inves- vation and Technology Center, the was to discover innovative ideas in tors as well as young businessmen. heads of Seed Forum Global and Georgia and to share them with In Georgia, the situation is com- Seed Forum Eastern Europe and the local and foreign investors. pletely reversed. Our legislation is representatives of leading compa- Which companies were pre- much more flexible and convenient, nies in Georgia. sented at the forum? and there is the correct approach to The Country Manager at Seed On the one hand there were start-up this issue, aimed at the promotion Forum Georgia, Ilia Ghlonti, companies like In Gloves, Taxi of entrepreneurship organized this event and discussed Tube, WeHelp.ge and Next Mart. The second, is that in Ukraine the project’s importance in an Potential investors on the other the level of innovative start-up interview with Observer. included Adjara Group, Wissol companies in terms of experience is Why was it necessary to Group and the Big Four (EY, higher than in Georgia. And, organize the Seed Forum in KMPG, etc.). therefore, a lot of work is required. Georgia? What results are you expect- In the end, despite the similarities, Innovations field requires high ing from this event? we have to analyse our problems, to investment not only in Georgia, but The most important thing for us is set priorities and start working on also around the world, especially if to involve start-up companies and them. we are talking about global pro- to interest investors in Seed Forum How much is the Seed Forum jects. In Georgia, as we expected, Georgia, which will lead to more head office in the UK involved in there are dozens of this kind of successful forums in the future. the successful implementation of projects. Seed Forum is a place Also, we would like to focus on the the project in Georgia? where new companies can meet other members of our society to be The Central Office is involved with potential investors. Accord- able to maximize the promotion of on the level of fundamental deci- ingly, Seed Forum is not only Georgian economy and business. sion-making. In particular, they

10 DECEMBER 21, 2015 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE LAW GEORGIA’S PENITENTIARY SYSTEM PLANS TO EMPLOY PRISONERS TEONA KHMALADZE

eorgia’s Department of the chance to sell them, this prob- income at the end of a month to Penitentiary is launching lem will now be solved under the provide to their families. This fact a new project for em- supervision of the Ministry. will encourage the prevention of G ploying prisoners. Based Former prisoners also will recidivism. They have gone on changes in the Prisoners Code,’ receive attention; the Minister's through several months of working the penal institution will set up office, in cooperation with the with a social worker and are al- enterprises in which inmates enter International Organization for ready on the path toward integra- into individual employment con- Migration is implementing the tion in the public. With the motto - tracts. project “Social Enterprise for "change scenery" this social enter- Repair works in the Ministry of Crime prevention.” prise will be fully justified“, said Corrections facility are currently "The former prisoners’ rehabili- the Minister of Justice at the being bid for. According to the new tation and re-socialization program" opening of the cafeteria. project, inmates with craft skills has been implemented in Georgia From 2012-2015,1,271 of former will be able to get a job and appro- since 2013. The program aim is to prisoners benefited from the pro- priate compensation. promote the rehabilitation and re- gram. Twenty-two former prisoners “[There] will be created a socialization of persons released received funding for implementing working enterprise, where inmates from prison. Social Enterprise for their business ideas, and 192 enter individual contracts, in our Crime Prevention is financed by the inmates were employed. facilities for repairing works. We Government of Switzerland with In addition to these programs, will lead prisoners from one institu- 87,500 Swiss francs. prisoners are involved in different tion to another to work and in The program has been already social activities: educational and return they will be paid, as it overseen the opening of a cafeteria psycho-social projects, trainings, but I have to say that we can learn cordance of its own legislation with usually happens in the civil sector. in the House of Justice, the “Social intellectual competition and a from you as well. For example, the EU law. This would facilitate the growth of Enterprise Cafeteria”, where 13 variety of training courses and former prisoners re-socialization On the one hand, penitentiary their re-socialization’”, said Kakha people are employed. The opening handicrafts. Inmates also are and rehabilitation program, about reforms are important for prisoners Kakhishvili. of a car wash is also planned, involved in a program for the what you talked, is exemplary”, and former prisoners, because they On the basis of planned changes which will employ former drug elimination of hepatitis C, which said Gerard Adrian van der Steur have the opportunity to do a useful in the penal system, prisoners will users. provides free treatment. during his visit in Georgia. job and earn income with which to also be able to sell their works via “We continue to strengthen the The rehabilitation program for The main reason for implemen- help their families. On the other online stores. Since individual program, which was launched in prisoners received positive reviews tation of programs within the hand, the implementation of this defendants create various types of November 2012, titled ‘change from the Netherlands Minister of penitentiary system is the EU program improves social safety hand-made items, paintings, enamel scenery’, the program helps former Justice. “You want to share best Association Agreement, with which mechanisms and helps reduce paintings and icons and do not have prisoners to have an amount of practices from European countries, Georgia has an obligation in ac- recidivism.

, 2015 DECEMBER 21 11 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE

12 DECEMBER 21, 2015 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE SOCIETY GEORGIAN CITIZENS LIVING IN MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS WOULD BENEFIT FROM IMPROVED FACILITIES

TAMAR CHAPIDZE

he Mountain Development Council's first session, chaired by the Prime T Minister, was held on December 14. It granted the status of “mountainous settlement” to 16,000 villages in Georgia. Granting of such status is defined by hypsometric parameters; as well as the principle of historical and geographical area, populated areas at an altitude of 1,500 meters above sea level were automatically considered mountainous settle- ments. Historical and geographical regions such as Svaneti, mountain- ous Racha, Guria, Mtiuleti, Khevsureti, Tusheti, Pshavi and Pankisi are also recognized as mountainous. Parliament adopted the “Development of Mountainous Regions” law on July16, 2015, which is to be launched in 2016. Its purpose is to reduce emigration from mountainous regions by promoting socio-economic devel- opment. Legislation concerning Geor- gia’s mountain population will ensure a number of benefits ac- counting for 40 million GEL from the national budget. In particular, certified teachers will receive a monthly salary increase of 275 and implemented greenhouse law, an entrepreneur starting a caused by the lack of job opportuni- to the country's limited budget the GEL and a pension increase of 56 applications are included among the business in the mountain regions ties and very law salaries, and on initiative didn’t get farther than GEL to re-ach 216 GEL. A rural benefits. The electricity bill for who uses local resources and the other hand, the absence of basic political debate. doctor’s income will be increased household customers will be provides job opportunities for living conditions; poorly managed It is worth noting that a similar to1010 GEL. reimbursed by 50 percent for no locals, will be exempted from taxes water systems, road access to the law titled “The Law of the moun- In order to improve demograph- more than 100 kilowatts of electric- for 5 years. villages, electricity supplement, un- tainous region socio-economic and ic conditions of mountainous ity consumption. The adoption of the new law is repaired schools and transportation cultural development” was adopted regions, every first and second new “We are going to monthly to develop the mountainous regions are problems, as well. As a result, in 1999, but its practical implemen- born baby will receive 100 GEL reimburse half of electricity con- to slow internal migration. A the population of villages is drain- tation never occurred. (about 44.2 USD) during the first sumption bills, the public school UNDP survey showed that 73 ing through migration to the cities. The Mountain Area Develop- year, and the third and subsequent teachers’ basic salaries will be percent of vulnerable households Citizens living in mountainous ment Program has been developed child will receive 200 GEL (about increased by 35 percent, teachers are located in mountainous regions, villages, often express frustration at with the assistance of the United 88.4 USD) over the first two years. participating in special programs and socio-economic and demo- the necessity to leave their ancestral Nations Development Program Furthermore, the government is will get remuneration increased by graphic development trends are homes in order to give children a (UNDP), the Swiss Agency for concerned with marriage encour- 50 percent; salary augmentations negative. The new legislation better future and create a basic Development and Cooperation agement in mountainous regions. are provided for doctors with the maintains the returning of residents living environment. If the state (SDC) and the Austrian Agency The state will provide a variety of double amount of the pension, and to the mountains and ensures the helps them solve social-economic (ADA). A special National Council allowances such as housing, one- nurses the amount of the state welfare of the population by im- problems, migration will decrease of Mountains headed by the Prime time cash assistance and the promo- pension. We also have other bene- proving living standards, employ- and people will gradually return to Minister will work on project tion of small business for couples. fits for the development phase, ment and economic and social their abandoned homes. implementation. The most important initiative is to which will be imposed upon enact- conditions. The development of mountain- The mountain law will remain help newly-established families ment of the law”, Garibashvili The necessity of attention from ous areas represents apriority for in force for the next 10 years and start small agricultural businesses stated. the state regarding mountainous the government. While working on benefits will be maintained ac- through either low-interest loans or The Mountain Region Develop- regions is a must, as there are many this project, Georgian Dream cordingly. Justification for the new with direct help to develop small ment Program contributes to small abandoned villages due to migra- requested creating the post of law will be demonstrated with farms. Allowances for electricity enterprises. According to the new tion. On one hand, the situation is “mountain minister”, however, due mountainous areas full of residents. Amira restaurant Lebanese kitchen & more

27 Mosashvili Str. Tbilisi T: +995 322 90 77 01 M: +995 599 17 96 99 [email protected] www.amira.tbb.ge

, 2015 DECEMBER 21 13 SOCIETY WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE EUROPE IS READY FOR CHRISTMAS WITH LIGHT SHOWS, POLICEMEN AND GLÜHWEIN

he Christmas holidays are Dutch National Opera & Ballet celebrated in Europe on until December 29. December 6 until the New This year marks the fourth T Year. The kick-off festivi- edition of the Amsterdam Light ties are given by Saint Nicolas, who Festival that will run until January with his gifts begins to bring the 17, celebrating a theme of joy to all children. The children 'Friendship'. A whole host of prepare for the coming of Saint international artists are contributing Nicolas by hanging their stockings to this edition, such as Swedish by the fireplace, and they do not light artist Aleksandra Stratimiro- forget to leave carrots for his vic, whose 'Northern Lights' sculp- donkey. Children get lots of treats ture will cross the River Amstel. and chocolate that morning. The World Christmas Circus is Many cities of Europe organize one of the most acclaimed circus "Christmas markets” this tradition festivals in the world and features has been originated in Germany countless top stars of the ring in and the Alsace in 1990s, since then Amsterdam for more than 25 years. it has spread throughout Europe, Visitors can see this beautiful where the smells of baking and hot Royal Theatre once again, trans- wine spread everywhere. On formed into a circus theatre until Christmas Eve, we find almost January 3 – as it was originally everywhere the custom of eating designed to be. Christmas turkey or a goose. Berlin Even though, all cities in Europe Christmas is a special time have similar traditions of celebrat- in Berlin and music is very much a ing this festive time, in 2016 each part of this city’s Christmas cele- of them offers something very cancellations for the holiday Restaurants keep the festive spirit The Oxford Street Christmas lights brations. special. season. Big French companies as alive all the way into the New switch-on will see 1778 snowball- On December 25, Violinist Yuri Brussels well as small businesses and Year, with special menus for an like decorations (and their 750,000 Revich joins the German National Each year in Brussels sound and artisans are struggling to cope with unforgettable New Year’s Eve LED lightbulbs) lit up once again Chamber Orchestra and the Phil- light shows take place at the Grand- the dip in demand. celebration. for what is the fifty-sixth year the harmonic Chamber Orchestra Place during Winter Wonders. A However, Paris is transformed Little by little, Christmas mar- road has been decorated for the Berlin in three consecutive concerts work of art with 1,600 rails and for the festive season. The city’s kets have become an essential festive period. In a subtle upgrade that take the audience on a journey LED spots illuminates the square, most beautiful monuments are festive event during the Christmas from last year's display, 445 new through the seasons with Vivaldi’s and the show covers all seasons and illuminated, Christmas decorations season in Paris. They are held all golden baubles will twinkle among “The Four Seasons” and Piazzolla’s Christmas. the existing silver lights. “The Four Seasons of Buenos Winter Wonders includes a It wouldn't be Christmas without Aires”. Each work gives an impres- Christmas market with more than 'The Nutcracker' and this year, it's sion of the passing of the year in 200 chalets; fairground attractions going to be more festive than ever the composer’s home country. (Ferris wheel, merry-go-rounds, because this year on December 21 Far from the everyday rush at and slalom track), an ice skating you can see it on ice! See a troupe Christmas time, amazing things can rink, a Christmas tree and sound of critically-acclaimed ice skaters be experienced at the Sony Center and light show on the Grand-Place. perform the ageless tale on a 4,000 at Potsdamer Platz at the end of this New at Winter Wonders this square foot ice stage in the Royal year. Luminous ensemble of year is Tunisia as guest of honor Albert Hall. mythical beings, graceful dance with a Tunisian village (crafts, Amsterdam show and fascinating light art can music and culinary specialties) There is no shortage of festive be experienced there. from 27 November to 28 December events going on in Amsterdam. In the midst of this unique at the Boulevard Anspach (at the Christmas markets, winter festivals, architecture directly below its Anspach Gallery). classical concerts, ice skating, even world-famous roof is a floating, It should be also noted that the circus has come to town. oversized chandelier with thou- after the army operations The Dutch National Opera sands of sapphire and golden against terrorists in Paris and the adorn the streets, and department over the capital and are a great presents a new production of highlights. Glittering stars on the security will be tightened by the store windows are filled with success with passers-by. Engelbert Humperdinck’s fairy-tale façades and fairy lights on the police and the organizers. animated displays. Markets, Nativi- These markets made up of opera Hänsel und Gretel. The Christmas trees complete the Paris ty scenes, open-air ice rinks, merry- wooden chalets create a warm and spectacle will be performed at the atmospheric lighting concept. Following the shocking terror go-rounds and a host of other magical Christmassy atmos- attacks in November, Paris has activities and events take over the phere and are the perfect place to seen an unprecedented number of city, offering fun for all the family. pick up Christmas decorations, festive objects, regional products and arts & crafts. London There's nothing more festive as London at Christmas time. Even if you’re not a big fan of living statues or fire-eaters, Covent Garden’s cobbled piazza and market buildings are irresistible at this time of year. The decorations take on a mistletoe theme for 2015, with 50 new arrangements of lights hanging over the area's streets and in the pretty market buildings.

14 DECEMBER 21, 2015 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE CULTURE WORLD-CLASS OPERA STAR NINO SURGULADZE DISCUSSES HER FUTURE PLANS

EXCLUSIVE

NINI MACHAVARIANI

ast week, world-class singer Nino Surguladze was awarded the Order of L the Italian Star Cavalry. In anexclusive interview with Observ- er, Surguladze mentioned that she is very happy and is aware of the increased responsibility. The award is given to a citizen of any country for their role in promoting the relationship between Italy and another country. "I was very happy and I think that it is quite an honorable award. It was awarded to me to do even more work in the future both in the relationship of these two countries, as well as charity and in terms of my personal activities,” said Sur- guladze. Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Italy to Geor- gia, Antonio Enrico Bartoli, gave this award to the Georgian singer together with President of Georgia Giorgi Margvelashvili. The ceremony was held at the Italian ambassador's residence. According to the ambassador, Nino Surguladze is an envoy of Georgia in Italy and, at the same time, a cultural envoy to the world. Ac- cording to him, Nino Surguladze’s work is important because it pro- motes largescale charitable activi- ties around the world. The event was also attended by the Minister of Culture and the Minister of Health of Georgia as well as the Italian delegation of cardiac surgeons, led by Professor Vittorio Vanini, which arrives once a month and provides free opera- to perform “Requiem”by Dvorak in for over a year and a half. Its first of individual people. musical evening”, said Surguladze. tions for Georgian children. Berlin and Verdi's “Requiem” in large-scale event was held in the “We introduce our beneficiaries According to the singer, her friends Nino Surguladze was born in Bari. summer of 2014. There will soon to the audience during the concert. will take part in the gala concert. Tbilisiin 1977. She studied at the It should be noted that the be the fourth event. The foundation The coming event is planned on They are: Alessandro Safina - School of Art and participated in famous mezzo-soprano successfully has helped many young people with January 9, 2016 at Tbilisi Philhar- famous pop opera singer (known musicals and concerts both in runs the Charity Foundation Natvris the help of the Ministry of Health, monic Hall. We are waiting for the for the hit“ Luna TU”); Angel Blue Georgia and abroad. She also tried Khe, which has been in existence various sponsors and the goodwill audience and offer a wonderful – singer at La Scala and other her hand in the cinema. Nino leading opera theatres who sings appeared in several films, and at the not only classics but also gospel Geneva Film Festival she received and soul; Ana Rucner – a Croatian a special prize for the main role in cellist who will present Bosnia- the film The Waltz on the Pechora. Herzegovina at next year's Euro- Before starting a career as a vision Song Contest; Oliver Poole - mezzo-soprano, she was a famous pianist from London; and Carlo pop singer in Georgia. Later, she Ponti - conductor, who has his own entered the Tbilisi State Conserva- orchestra in Los Angeles. He is the tory and became a winner of son of well-known Italian- various prestigious international American producer Carlo Ponti and vocal music competitions. actress Sophia Loren. In 2001 she enrolled at La Scala At the end of the interview, the academic studio. Since then, she star said there is no formula for has performed in many operas. She success. She believes that the met with Riccardo Muti in 2003 at musician, first of all, should dedi- a Christmas concert where Muti cate his or her whole heart and was a conductor. Nino Surguladze spirit to the work. However, fortune performs successful roles on opera is also very important. “I advise stages throughout the world: young musicians to never stop Genoa, Tokyo, Barcelona, Milan, working on themselves and trust Hamburg, Parma, Nepal, Graz, their intuition. I would also recom- Verona, Chicago, Tel Aviv, Frank- mend them to research more infor- furt and Turin, among others. mation in the books and internet. Last season, Nino Surguladze Never be satisfied with the achieve- had a debut in Rome (Santa Cecil- ments and not to forget the classics, ia), performing Beethoven's 9th as it is the basis for the art of any Symphony. Next season, she plans sector”, - added Surguladze.

, 2015 DECEMBER 21 15 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE

16 DECEMBER 21, 2015 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE CULTURE THE DAUGHTER OF A FORMER DIPLOMAT HELD EXHIBITION ABOUT BORDERS

EXCLUSIVE

NINO SHARASHIDZE (BELGIUM)

n December 17, Elene people from different countries Mikaberidze, graduate of including her friends, representa- political sciences and tives of Georgian Embassy, stu- O cinematography, held dents, academic circles and etc. photo exhibition about borders. The They were happy to see another photos were taken in Tbilisi, view of Georgia, not the classic one Sokhumi, Nikozi and etc. With this with mountains and churches. exhibition Elene wanted to show After looking at the photos, unusual Georgia illustrating the people had mixed fillings and multiplicity of this country. emotions. Some of them felt sad “The topic of the border and and nostalgic others happy and how it affects daily life of the optimistic. people always fascinated me, so I “I am going to Georgia on the decided to write a screenplay about January 5 and will stay there until it. I am writing it with a researcher summer, in order to work on the from Université Libre de Bruxelles. movie”, - said Elene. (ULB) The screenplay will be soon This film tells the story of a finalized”, - said Elene in her village that sees a white line ap- exclusive interview with Observer. pearing on its soil one day. This Elene moved to Brussels in 1993. new frontier will shake the lives of Her father is a former diplomat, its inhabitants who will use tricks to who was working in the first circumvent absurd. Although the Georgian embassy in the Benelux. story is fiction, it is quite close to The exhibition was attended by the real situation in Georgia. MISS WORLD 2015: SPAIN WINS AND GEORGIA DOESN’T MAKE THE TOP 20

he beauty of Mireia green eyes, despite the vast experi- University and won the Miss Lalaguna Rozo of Spain ence in the modelling field, could Russia title in 2015. captured the Jury and a 23 not hit the record of Irina Onash- One of the oldest beauty con- T -years old model became vili, Miss Georgia 2003 the only tests, the Miss World pageant was the winner of Miss World Grand one who made the top 20 with the held for the first time in the UK Final. help of talent show. in 1951. Russia was represented The 65th edition of Miss World To win Miss World you must in the contest for the first time was held in Sanya, the People’s score the highest points, awarded in 1992, by Yulia Kurochkina, who Republic of China, culminating for a range of activities and events won. Ksenia Sukhinova won the with the Grand Final on Saturday which take place from the moment crown in 2008, making Russia one 19 December at the Beauty Crown the contestants arrive at the compe- of only three countries to win more Grand Theatre. The participants tition. FIVE challenge events take than once since the post-Soviet arrived from 117 countries; among place in the run up to the final; rebirth of the nation. them was Georgia, represented by Beauty with a Purpose, Multimedia, Regard the winner of the con- Nino (Nuka) Karalashvili (179cm). Sports, Talent, and Top Model. test, Spanish beauty with blond hair Experienced model that works in These offer the chance for the came from Barcelona, where she this field from the age of 16 was contestants to shine, giving them studies pharmacy. Her dream is to not lucky enough to make the top the opportunity to win important further her studies with Nutrition, 20. Although she was quite well points. Top five of this year’s Miss before setting up a business in prepared on the stage, jury ignored World is: Indonesia, Jamaica, nutrition and dietics to find alterna- her Georgian beauty. Lebanon, Russia and a winner tive health solutions to orthodox 24 years old Nuka lives in Spain. medicines. Mireia says that music Tbilisi with her close-knit family. Sofia Nikitchuk of Russia was and travelling are the pillars of her An International Tourism Graduate, the runner-up. This 22-years old happiness. A skilled pianist she Nino has aspirations of getting a model with brown hair met the studied up to grade 8 in Musical masters in the field, before working expectations of her fans and took Language, Harmony and Piano at her way through the industry to the second place. the Conservatory of the Lyceum of become a successful professional. Nikitchuk was born in the Russian Barcelona, and she has travelled It should be noted that Georgian city of Yekaterinburg, less than 20 extensively over Europe and the society observed and supported her kilometres to the east of the border Far East. way to Miss World significantly. between Europe and Asia. She South Korea will host Miss Miss Georgia with brown hair and graduated from Ural Federal World next year.

qeiteringi, kafeteriis menejmenti, furSeti

Сatering, Cafeteria Management, Furshet

www.fmgroup.ge [email protected] +995 577 20 10 31

, 2015 DECEMBER 21 17 CULTURE WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE DISCOVERY OF THE YEAR – DADIANI CROSS PALACE NINI MACHAVARIANI

ore than ten thousand people visit Dadiani Palace in Zugdidi each M year. This year a new discovery – Dadiani Cross Palace has joined to the museum complex, which already includes two palaces, botanic garden and a church, all of them have a status of cultural heritage since 2006. Archeological works were carried out in the framework of the state program. Experts claim that the ruined palace is identical to the Cross Palace mentioned in histori- cal sources. Nika Antidze, The Gen- eral Director of the National Agen- cy for Cultural Heritage Preserva- tion of Georgia visited the place, where the palace was discovered. According to him, this monument is even bigger than Niko Dadiani Palace. Archeologists discovered foundation, floor, fireplaces, door arch and various fragments. The palace has been cleaned and we see perfectly constructed building. Archeologist Revaz Papuashvili claims that Cross Palace is de- scribed in the memoirs of the famous French qartvelologist, Mari Brosset, who spent eastern night at Dadiani Palace. According to him in the centre of the palace there was a table where 32 people can sit. This palace was mostly used for banquets, but about its evidence, not much was known. The runoff of the water from the works are over, the cement has been the basement walls and restored ical Garden. These two new discov- Excavations are also being held roof posed a particular problem to removed; basement and the wooden historic ventilation channels; For eries will become a tourist space, at the main entrance of the botani- the building, as well as the vicinity floor are cleaned from land and the new arrangement was brick there is an option to cover them cal garden where archaeologists of the accumulated rain water, construction waste; the restaura- floors are prepared. with the glass, this will protect have found the remains of the which is directly flowing into the teurs removed the land around the Nikoloz Antidze said that the monuments from damage. The palace of Dadiani another. They basement and damaged founda- building and made air channel for discovery will lead to changes in rehabilitation of the botanical found a building that was not even tions. At present, the cleaning the foundation. They have cleaned the rehabilitation of Zugdidi Botan- garden will begin in 2016. mentioned at the topo-maps of the Botanical Garden. For centuries, the Principality of Dadianis were ruled from Zugdidi and the residencies are one of the most impressive example of the royal architecture. In the period of Levan II Dadi- ani’s reign (1611-1657), Roman Catholic missionary. Cristoforo font Castelli who travelled in Sa- mgerelo, described the palace in his writings and drawings that dates back to 1628-1654. According to them, the palace was massive, three storey building with double roofing, 17 windows of different shapes and sizes, two balconies and a tower. A high wall with a courtyard, towers and gates;. Belfry and court church was concluding the whole part of this view. In 19-th century the building of this complex reached its heyday with construction and landscaping, resulting in many of the most beautiful and historical building: David Dadiani's palace, Queen Catherine Palace, the palace of the Murats, the Botanical Garden and others. Although the structures were new, wars, fire and the Soviet regime made some of them to disappear. Niko Dadiani Palace, which was built in the 80ies of 19th century by the architect I. Vasiliev is contigu- ous with the botanical garden. The palace has a large-scale structure of the symmetrical facades that giver original view to this composition.

18 DECEMBER 21, 2015 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE EDUCATION HARVARD ESTABLISHES CONNECTIONS WITH GEORGIA

arvard Summer Program introductory module on Georgian starts in Tbilisi to politics, history, and culture. These provide language studies modules will provide a larger con- H and immersion in Geor- text for Georgia-US relations as gian and Russian topics. Those well as Georgia-Russia relations interested to apply can send their and will make use of Tbilisi as a documents by January 28, 2016. laboratory, including meetings with The Harvard Summer Program writers, politicians, and NGOs. All in Tbilisi will provide students with modules and topics will be accom- a hands-on experience living and panied by excursions and trips studying in the capital of the Re- within Tbilisi and throughout Geo- public of Georgia along with a full rgia. Despite the course is mainly course in intermediate Russian lan- for international students who are guage meeting daily. Additional interested in Georgia, students from lectures with Harvard faculty and Georgia and Caucasus region might other experts include Russian and be interested in this program. Georgian culture, history, literature, The course starts in the second film, and urban studies will be week of June and will last until Au- provided in topic modules meeting gust 12; the program fee is $8000. 2-3 times each week. However, the links with Harvard Prof. Julie Buckler will teach a does not end with this program. module on Tbilisi as a city, Prof. They are willing to establish stron- Stephanie Sandler will teach on ger connections with Georgia; here Georgian and Russian film and Tbilisi State University gets in- Prof. Justin Weir will present a mo- volved. dule on topics in pre-revolutionary It turns out that the TSU is an Russian literary works dealing with affiliated University of Harvard, the Caucasus and their cultural and its business and economics fa- mythology (Pushkin, Lermontov, culty will teach a new program analogy to Professor Michael Por- establish the Research Center on held in English. The methodology, Tolstoy). Prof. Stephen Jones (Har- introduced by the Harvard Business ter's proven "Microeconomics of Competitiveness of the Economy literature and case-studies of this vard Davis Center and Mount School Strategy and Competitive- Competitiveness" and Harvard Uni- (in cooperation with other Univer- course will be the same as it is in Holyoke College) will conduct an ness Institute. The course will be an versity will help TSU to gradually sities in Georgia). Classes will be Harvard. NEW PORTAL OFFERS THE ACCESS TO EDUCATIONAL DOCUMENTS ew electronic service for thousand students in Georgia. Programme (UNDP) and Govern- cember 2015, while presenting a system of education. Most im- educational institutions The information management ment of Sweden. new service to the Government, portantly, it increases quality of and citizens brings portal and system of digital records “Georgia introduces a techno- educational institutions and interna- education and benefits hundreds of N together educational have been developed by the Minis- logically advanced and customer- tional organizations. thousands of students and teachers records from universities, colleges try of Education and Science of friendly system of educational Niels Scott, Head of UNDP in in Georgia,” he said. and schools to simplify access and Georgia through its National Centre information management to easily Georgia, stressed the importance of The information management improve educational information for Educational Quality Enhance- exchange information between a new service for promoting ongo- portal will become fully operational management. The service will ment (NCEQE) and Education different educational institutions ing reforms in the system of educa- in 2016 after re-training the educa- benefit 73 institutions of higher Management Information System and reduce bureaucracy in the tion. tion system staff and digitalising education, 92 professional colleges, (EMIS), with assistance from the system of education,” Minister “New technology brings the the existing educational records 2,334 schools, and up to 150 United Nations Development Tamar Sanikidze said on 18 De- principles of e-governance into the (diplomas, certificates, etc.).

, 2015 DECEMBER 21 19 SPORT WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE

airBaltic flights from Tbilisi via Riga to Oslo, Helsinki, RIGA - TBILISI BT 722 5,7 RIX TBS 23:05 04:35 +1 735 03:30 Copenhagen, Amsterdam, London, Milan, Paris, Ber- lin, Munich, Vilnius, Tallinn and Warsaw have mini- TBILISI - RIGA BT 723 1,6 TBS RIX 05:20 06:55 735 03:55 mum connection time 25-30 minutes in Riga airport GEORGIAN CUP SEMI-FINALISTS ARE KNOWN VVAKO KIPIANI

he David Kipiani Cup half of the match, none of the teams quarter-final repeat were able to use the goal opportuni- matches were held on ties. Eighteen minutes before the T December 16. All four end of the match, the guests seized matches were tense, with stiff their chance, with Dekanoidze competition to win the tournament. scoring the goal. In 12 minutes, Sioni hosted Samtredia at Shukura equalized the score with Bolnisi Tamaz Stephania Stadi- the help of Lobjanidze, but they um.Like the first match, the second could not do more and Chikura won match was tense. Both teams had the match. moments, but none was able to The public’s great interest made make good and the main time possible the match between Dina- ended with a draw 0: 0. Nothing mo Tbilisi and Kutaisi Torpedo. changed in the extra time of 30 The game called a “Georgian minutes and the game went to an 11 classic” two weeks ago was fol- meter shootout. The lucky ticket lowed up with a draw 1:1, meeting was given to Sioni as they won the the audience’s expectations. The game by a score of 2:0. Goals were score was opened by Giorgi Kvili- scoredby Isiani and Manjgaladze. taiain the eighteenth minute . On Sioni advances to the semi-finals the fiftieth minute,Torpedo 'made a and the apprentices of Varlam draw with the head goal of Sagrish- Kilasonia have a good chance to vili. On the sixty-ninth minute, the reach the final. main referee Silagava sent off The crowd saw a dramatic Chichinadze and declared an 11 match at Mtskheta Park. WIT meter shootout, which Mate Georgia hosted Zugdidi and defeat- Tsintsadze scored to send Dinamo ed them by a score of 1: 0 with 13 to the semi-final. yellow cards and 4 red cards shown Four teams are left to fight for by the referees. The only goal was 90 minutes later, the score was 1:0 (Zugdidi). Here too, the fate of the The assembled crowd at the David Kipiani Cup. At this scored by Kurdgelashvili at 43. In and the teams were given extra semi-finalist was decided by an 11 Kobuleti Chele Arena was disap- stage, the main favorite is Dinamo. the second half of the game at the time. After 30 minutes, the referee meter shootout. WIT Georgia won pointed. The first match ended with Chikhura and Sioni have equal sixty-fourth minute Sherozia (WIT) dismissed another two players: the game 5:3 and advances to the Kobuleti , Shukura beating Sach- chances to win, and regarding WIT and Bulia (Zugdidi) were expelled. Gakharia (WIT) and Lashkhia next level. khere2:0 respectively. In the first Georgia, only time will tell.

WEEKLY SPORT NEWS

VVAKO KIPIANI

4 points, 12 rebounds and 3 steals. He lost ball 5 times. Zaza threw 3 two-point field goals and two of them fell in the basket. Rugby: Young member of national rugby team, Vasil Lobjani- dze (19) has signed 3-years contract with Brive, French Top 14’s inhab- itant. According to the official web -page of Rugby Union, Georgian National Rugby Team will play against Scotland on November 26, 2016. It is the first time since 2011 World Cup when Georgia meets Scotland. Presumably, in November Basketball: Tornike Shengelia out of 5, 1 two- points and 2 penal- Test series Georgian team will meet showed brilliant game in the last, ty. In total Shengelia scored 16 with the Scottish National Team at 10th round of the first phase of the points. BT Murrayfield Stadium, one of the the Golden League was the time for Papinashvili (66kg), Nugzar Tata- basketball Euro league competition, Basketball: Zaza Pachulia’s most famous in the world. new winners. Fighters Tbilisi, who lashvili, Shalva Kardava (73kg), in Group B where Cedevita was Dallas won another match on Judo: Georgia’s Paralympian won the ECC 2014, showed their Avtandil Chrikishvili, Zebeda Re- defeated 92-70 in a match against December 15 in the regular season judoka, Zviad Gogochuri ended the amazing team spirit also this year. khviashvili (90kg), Valeri Lipar- Laboral Kutxa in Vitoria. of the NBA. Phoenix was defeated continental championship in Portu- They beat the record winner TSV teliani, Zviad Gogochuri (90kg), Georgian forward was in line-up 104:94. Pachulia as usual played in gal. Gogochuri won gold medal in Abensberg in the final with 3:2. Adam Okruashvili, Vakhtang Ok- and spent 20 minutes on the field, the starting five fro 28:25 minutes. the category of 90kg. The line-up of the Fighters was: ruashvili and Guram Tushishvili he scored 4 three-point field goals In this time Georgian center scored Judo: The second edition of Vazha Margvelashvili, Amiran (+90kg).

Managing Director: Nino Sharashidze 15 Shio Mghvimeli Str. [email protected] 0179, Tbilisi, Georgia Chief Editor: Tamar Chapidze [email protected] E: [email protected]

Subscription & Advertising: [email protected] T: +995 557 68 36 53

DECEMBER 21, 2015 20 WWW.OBSERVER.COM.GE