THE STUDY of SPEECH ACT on MOVIE CITY of EMBER Nur
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THE STUDY OF SPEECH ACT ON MOVIE CITY OF EMBER Nur Nikmah Putri Pamungkas English Language Education Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Slamet Riyadi University, Surakarta. Abstract The aims in this study were (1) to describe the representative acts employed by the character’s in City of Ember movie. And (2) To describe the Locution, Illocution, and Perlocution of the representative acts uttered by the character’s City of Ember movie. The method of the study was descriptive qualitative method, by using this method researcher can classifying and analyzing the utterance on City of Ember movie. The data was collected through primary data and secondary data. In collecting data, the primary data was used from quota conversation in the script of City of Ember movie and the secondary data was used to complete and support the primary data were taken from books and articles. The result of this study shows that Representative was expressed in the form of informing, stating, refusing, concluding, and Agreeing. On this research representative only found five types they were stating (28, 5%), informing (28, 5%), refusing(23,8%), agreeing(9,5%), concluding(9,5%). Based on Searle’s category, researcher also find those utterance into Locutionary act, Illocutionary act, and the last Perlocutionary act. In this research the researcher hope that when studying about speech act, people can understand and decrease misunderstanding about speaker’s meaning. 1 Key words: Speech act, City of Ember movie, Representative act, Descriptive qualitative method, Linguistic Study. INTRODUCTION nor said because pragmatics is about invisible meaning. So, learning When someone wants to language is actually learning about interact in their environment they the meaning uttered or written by should build communication. Yule speakers. The study about meaning in (1994:47) states when someone is pragmatics have Speech Act to study trying to express himself he will show further. some actions to deliver the meaning and not only uttering sentences. Speech act is one of pragmatic Talking about language, there are study related with the meaning in some studies that focus on it. One of everyday conversation. Based on them is pragmatics. Pragmatics is the Searle (1979:12), Speech act have study about speaker meaning. Based three types, Locutionary act, on Levinson (1983) pragmatics is the Illocutionary act, and Perlocutionary study of language usage and context. act. Furthermore Yule(1996:47) states Moreover Yule (2010:128) said that Speech act is the action using pragmatics is about understanding utterance to performed, and have and recognizing what people three basic as follow: Locution, meanings even when it is not written Illocution, and Perlocution. The 2 locution is the utterances itself, for boasting. Other example is someone example “you can’t do that” say “It’s raining” this is also (Levinson, 1983:237). He said that representative because the meaning is speaker is doing something by stated the truth that is actually raining. uttering words called Illocutions, such Talking about speech act as commanding, offering, promising, focusing on representatives, the and thanking. Another expert, Peccei, researchers use Movie City of Ember. (1999:44), said that there are consequent effect by the hearer from Movies are known as films and film hearing utterances by the speaker. is kind of visual communication use Speech acts itself have classification picture that can move and the music to learn. Based on Yule (1996), one or soundtrack. Many people like general classification performed on watching movie because it is more speaking or utterance by speech acts interesting, and the imagination is are Declaration, Representative, already on the movie. People using Commisives, Directive, and movie to entertain them self. a movie Expressive. This study only focuses camera or video camera can take on the Representatives speech act pictures very quickly, and movie has because learn representative act can visual elements which give some avoid misunderstanding in the way motion pictures and visual effect and communicated. The kinds of speech music. The movie or film considered act that stated from speaker’s to be as art form, to entertain also became a believes or not is called source of education for people or representative, this type have action citizen. Graham (2005:117) states that to perform such as stating, informing, film has advantages as method of concluding, describing, agreeing, recording real people and historical boasting. For example some people events, and largely values as such. So, make statement “no one can make a movie is important to us, because it better cake than me”. This utterance is can be tool of entertain and education. one of representatives because the The Creator of City of Ember meaning on the sentence is to is Jeanne Du Prau. The movie called 3 City of Ember was released in describe the locution, illocution, October 2008. City of Ember was and perlocution speech acts found filmed in Belfast, Northern Ireland in City of Ember movie. The and stars Bill Murray as the Mayor in researcher find some steps the City of Ember Movie, then conducting a study City of Ember Saoirse Ronan, Harry Treadaway, movie that called the type of Tim Robbins and Martin Landau. In study, objective of the study, data this story was take placein sunless, source, technique of data monless city where the only one light collection, and technique of data comes from electric lamps. Then after analysis. Descriptive qualitative long years the supplies run low and research is about explanations of electrical system starts to fail, and the social problem with the city headed for disaster. Two understanding in social life. children, Lina Mayfleet and Doon According to Patton and Cochran Harrow, take on the task of finding (2002:2) he said that research is the way out together. about characterized by the aims and it related with understanding This article is written based on in social life, and the method is a research that focuses on a research words not numbers to analysis. that focuses on describing the The object of this research was representative acts on City of Ember speech act especially in movie and to describe the locution, representative act in City of illocution and perlocution acts on the Ember movie and the character’s City of Ember movie. utterance to analyzing for the detail. The data consisted of RESEARCH METHOD primary and secondary data. The primary data were representative This study was a acts uttered by characters City of descriptive qualitative. It was to Ember movie. It is information describe representatives acts. To that correlated toward the research 4 and was taken from the quota DISCUSSION coversation in the script of City of This research focuses on Ember movie. The secondary data describings representative act and is used to complete and support describings the locution, illocution, the primary data were taken from and perlocution acts. Representative books and articles. act is one kinds of speech act that Technique of data stated about the speaker believes or collection, the researcher used not. Locution is about every word the some techniques for getting the speaker said or called the speaker’s answer of the problem to gather utterance. Illocution is about the the data as follows: watched the meaning of the speaker said or what movie several times, reading and speaker is doing by uttering words. cheking the movie script, taking Perlocution is about the consequence notes which related the data, effect by the hearer from the speaker organizing the data into several uttered something. Representative has part based on classification, several types, this types of collecting and classifying the representative act show some the relevan data related to the movie. action as follow: stating, informing, refusing, agreeing, describing, convincing, predicting, reporting, concluding. On this research representative only found five types, stating, informing, refusing, agreeing, concluding. Below were the example of representative acts with the description of locution, illocution and perlocution acts. A. Stating Datum 05 5 05/CE/00:18:25 Lina : I have a message for the mayor. Lina : Clary! It's me. Barton : Right this way, if you please. Clary : Look at you. Roner told me. These pictures are of all the mayors Lina : You're my first message. of Ember. Lina : I'm related to him. He was Clary : That's great. I'm ready. my great-great- I don't know how Clary : Let me have it many "greats" grandfather. Barton : "Podd Morethwart, Seventh Based dialogue above, when Mayor of Ember". Lina met Clary and she stated with Based the dialogue above, Lina went “It’s me”she speak with showing to to the office to give a message to Clary that she is now a messenger, mayor from Looper, then she met that it have the mark representative Barton, on the way they come in to as stating . corridor there some picture from the The locution was the words last mayor. The utterance in the lina say “Clary! It's me” because dialogue stated by Barton includes in locution is what the speaker said,and representative act, and it is the illocution is also that sentence representative act are kind of because Lina state that she is now a informing because Barton’s utterance messenger.Then the perlocution is gives information to Lina that the Clary sentence as the hearer replay pictures on the wall are of all the with showing her excitedment say mayor of Ember. “Look at you. Roner told me” that is the locution was what Borton the perlocution. said“These pictures are of all the B. Informing mayors of Ember” because locution is Datum 01 what the speaker said, and the 01/CE/00:30:52 illocution act is also in that sentences Barton : Good day, Messenger.