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START-/ Wittgenstein Broschüre 2001 markus arndt michael buchmeiser wolfgang drexler wilfried ellmeier clemens sedmak meinrad busslinger heribert hirt wolfgang heiss michael jursa georg schett dieter schmalstieg joachim schöberl ferenc krausz georg 2001–2005 kresse hanns- christoph nägerl andreas villunger renee schroeder michael kunzinger vassil palankovski gerhard schütz thomas bachner walter pohl thomas prohaska michael moser alexandra lusser matthias horn norbert zimmermannstart*wittgenstein michael hintermüller barry j. dickson rudolf grimm markus arndt michael buchmeiser wolfgang drexler wilfried ellmeier clemens sedmak meinrad busslinger heribert hirt wolfgang heiss michael jursa georg schett dieter schmalstieg joachim schöberl ferenc krausz georg kresse hanns-christoph nägerl andreas villunger renee schroeder michael kunzinger vassil palankovski gerhard schütz thomas bachner walter pohl thomas prohaska michael moser alexandra lusser matthias horn norbert zimmermann michael hintermüller barry j. dickson rudolf grimm markus arndt michael buchmeiser wolfgang drexler wilfried ellmeier clemens sedmak meinrad busslinger heribert hirt wolfgang heiss michael jursa georg START- und Wittgenstein-Preise 2001–2005 2001–2005 START and Wittenstein Prizes 2001–2005 Eine Publikation anlässlich des zehnjährigen Bestehens der Forschungsförderungspreise, herausgegeben vom Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Kultur und dem Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF). A publication on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the research promotion prizes published by the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF). Juni 2006/June 2006 start*wittgenstein START und Wittgenstein 2001–2005 1 EDITORIAL SEHR GEEHRTE LESERIN, SEHR GEEHRTER LESER! Dass Forschung ein Schwerpunkt der Bundesregierung ist, zeigt die Entwicklung der Investitionen in Forschung und Entwicklung der letzten Jahre. Österreich ist damit unter die TOP-5-Forschungsländer der Europäischen Union aufgestiegen und unsere F&E-Quote liegt deutlich über dem EU-Durchschnitt. Ermöglicht wurde dies durch zwei große Forschungsoffensivprogramme, der Einrichtung einer Nationalstiftung für Forschung und die Schaffung von steuerlichen Anreizen für Unternehmen, in For- schung zu investieren. Zudem wurde eine Forschungsmilliarde bis 2010 fixiert und die Erhöhung des FWF-Bewilligungsvolumens um 30 Mio. Euro auf insgesamt 150 Mio. Euro für 2006 beschlossen. Mit der Errichtung des „Institute of Science and Technolo- gy – Austria“ soll die Forschungslandschaft in Österreich weiter gestärkt werden. Die START- und Wittgenstein-Preise sind ein gutes Beispiel für Exzellenzförderung. Vor zehn Jahren wurden diese Preise mit dem Ziel eingerichtet, exzellente Grundla- genforschung österreichischer WissenschafterInnen gezielt und nachhaltig zu fördern. Während das START-Programm dem aufstrebenden wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs die Möglichkeit gibt, mehrere Jahre hindurch finanziell abgesichert Projekte voranzu- Elisabeth Gehrer treiben, zeichnet der Wittgenstein-Preis arrivierte SpitzenforscherInnen für ihre Leis- Bundesministerin für Bildung, Wissen- tungen aus und versetzt sie gleichzeitig in die Lage, ihre Forschungsarbeit intensiver schaft und Kultur, Federal Minister for und mit mehr Ressourcen fortsetzen zu können. Seit 1996 wurden 49 ForscherInnen Education, Science and Culture im Rahmen des START-Programms gefördert, der Wittgenstein-Preis wurde 17 Mal vergeben. Das Wissenschaftsministerium hat dafür insgesamt rund 70 Mio. Euro aufgewendet. Mit dieser Förderung können die PreisträgerInnen neue Forschungs- projekte starten. Der Großteil der Gelder wird für die Anstellung junger Forscherinnen und Forscher verwendet. Die vorliegende Broschüre stellt die bisherigen START- und Wittgenstein-Preisträge- rInnen mit ihrer Forschungsarbeit vor. Sie bietet damit einen eindrucksvollen Einblick in die vielfältige österreichische Forschungslandschaft und zeigt die Menschen, die hinter diesen Spitzenleistungen stehen. Ihnen gilt mein besonderer Dank und meine Anerkennung. DEAR READER, Research is a priority of the Austrian government as clearly demonstrated by the trend in investment in research and development over the past years. Austria has now risen to a position in the top five research countries in the European Union and our R&D quota is significantly above the EU average. This has been brought about by two large initiatives to promote research: the creation of a national foundation for research and the introduction of tax advantages for companies that invest in research. In addition, a “research billion” has been allocated until the year 2010 and the FWF’s budget for 2006 has been raised by 30 million Euro to a total of 150 million Euro. The research climate in Austria should be further strengthened by the establishment of the “Institute of Science and Technology – Austria”. The START and Wittgenstein Prizes represent a good example of the promotion of top quality science. These Prizes were introduced ten years ago with the aim of providing Austrian scientists with funding for first-class basic research in a directed and sustain- able manner. While the START programme provides first-rate young scientists with the financial security to pursue research projects for several years, the Wittgenstein Prize both recognizes the achievements of established scientists and at the same time enables them to continue their work more intensely and with increased resources. Since 1996, 49 scientists and scholars have been supported by START projects and 17 Wittgenstein Prizes have been awarded. The Ministry of Science has allocated a total of around 70 million Euro to the programme. This money has enabled prizewinners to embark on new research projects; the majority of the money has been spent on hiring young researchers. This brochure presents the START and Wittgenstein prizewinners and their research. It thereby offers an impressive perspective on research performed in Austria and describes the people that are responsible for the top-quality science carried out in our country. I should like to express my special thanks and recognition to each of them. editorial 2 START und Wittgenstein 2001–2005 START und Wittgenstein 2001–2005 SEHR GEEHRTE LESERIN, SEHR GEEHRTER LESER! Seit nunmehr zehn Jahren vergibt der FWF im Auftrag des Wissenschaftsministeri- ums die START- und Wittgenstein-Preise. Durch dieses personenbezogene Förderpro- gramm wird einerseits hervorragenden jungen WissenschafterInnen und andererseits bereits arrivierten Persönlichkeiten von Forscherinnen und Forschern durch Bereit- stellung entsprechender Mittel ermöglicht, sich über mehrere Jahre ganz auf ihre Forschungsvorhaben zu konzentrieren. Die hoch dotierten Preise, die aufgrund bereits erbrachter außergewöhnlicher wissenschaftlicher Leistungen für die Realisierung viel versprechender neuer Projekte verliehen werden, sind inzwischen international als eines der innovativsten Förderprogramme anerkannt. Eine international zusammengesetzte, unabhängige Jury von 14 anerkannten For- scherpersönlichkeiten garantiert die Einhaltung objektiver und äußerst anspruchsvol- ler Vergabekriterien. In den letzten zehn Jahren hat die START- Wittgenstein-Jury über die Vergabe von knapp 70 Mio. Euro entschieden. Dass mit diesem Förderprogramm außerordentlich hoch qualifi zierte Personen identifi ziert und gefördert werden, kommt auch dadurch zum Ausdruck, dass von den bisherigen 17 Wittgenstein-PreisträgerInnen vier und von den 49 START-Preisträge- Christoph Kratky rInnen neun ins Ausland berufen wurden. Das zeigt zum einen, dass wir hochkarätige Präsident des FWF, President of the Wissenschafter und Wissenschafterinnen im Land haben. Zum anderen aber ebenso Austrian Science Fund das Problem, sehr gute Leute, die in Österreich Karriere gemacht haben, in diesem Land auch zu halten. Der FWF arbeitet mit allen Kräften daran, die Forschungsbe- dingungen für WissenschafterInnen zu verbessern, damit es für diese Leute auch in Österreich eine Perspektive gibt. Die Bedeutung dieser Förderung zeigt weiters die Tatsache, dass ein/e Wittgenstein- PreisträgerIn durchschnittlich 15 MitarbeiterInnen beschäftigt. Und damit fördert der FWF mit diesem Programm auch die nächste Generation heranwachsender Spitzen- forscherinnen und Spitzenforscher. DEAR READER, For the past ten years the FWF was been awarding the START and Wittgenstein Prizes on behalf of the Ministry of Science. This funding programme is addressed to indi- vidual scientists and provides on the one hand excellent young scientists and on the other hand established players in the fi eld with the support required to concentrate fully on their research for several years. The generously funded prizes are awarded on the basis of previous scientifi c achievements of the highest quality and enable the recipients to implement promising new projects. In the meantime, the programme has been recognized as one of the most innovative ways of supporting research. An impartial and international jury made up of 14 scientists and scholars of world renown guarantees that Prizes are awarded fairly and that extremely high standards are observed. In the past ten years the Jury has taken the decisions behind the award of about 70 million Euro to prizewinners. The START and Wittgenstein programme identifi es and supports extremely highly qualifi ed scientists and scholars. This point is demonstrated by the fact that four of the 17 Wittgenstein prizewinners and nine of the 49 START prizewinners to date have taken up chairs abroad.
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