Dynasti 0 in Ancient Egypt
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Ancient Egyptian Chronology.Pdf
Ancient Egyptian Chronology HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES SECTION ONE THE NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST Ancient Near East Editor-in-Chief W. H. van Soldt Editors G. Beckman • C. Leitz • B. A. Levine P. Michalowski • P. Miglus Middle East R. S. O’Fahey • C. H. M. Versteegh VOLUME EIGHTY-THREE Ancient Egyptian Chronology Edited by Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, and David A. Warburton BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2006 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ancient Egyptian chronology / edited by Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, and David A. Warburton; with the assistance of Marianne Eaton-Krauss. p. cm. — (Handbook of Oriental studies. Section 1, The Near and Middle East ; v. 83) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-90-04-11385-5 ISBN-10: 90-04-11385-1 1. Egypt—History—To 332 B.C.—Chronology. 2. Chronology, Egyptian. 3. Egypt—Antiquities. I. Hornung, Erik. II. Krauss, Rolf. III. Warburton, David. IV. Eaton-Krauss, Marianne. DT83.A6564 2006 932.002'02—dc22 2006049915 ISSN 0169-9423 ISBN-10 90 04 11385 1 ISBN-13 978 90 04 11385 5 © Copyright 2006 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. -
Chronique De L'egypte Ancienne
OK Chronique égypte ancienne 21/03/08 12:07 Page 1 Riche de ses trois mille ans d’histoire, l’Égypte pharaonique a vu se suc- MICHEL DESSOUDEIX céder quelque trois cent quarante-cinq souverains. Si certains sont pas- MICHEL DESSOUDEIX sés à la postérité, notamment les rois des périodes prospères – les trois grands Empires –, d’autres ne sont plus que de simples noms pour les archéologues. Les époques troublées – dites Périodes Intermédiaires – CHRONIQUE compliquent la tâche des scientifiques dans la reconstitution de la DE L’ÉGYPTE chronologie royale. Ce livre, qui représente avant tout un outil didactique, fournit un ANCIENNE état des lieux des connaissances actuelles, en regroupant tous les rensei- LES PHARAONS, LEUR RÈGNE, gnements fondamentaux sur chacun des pharaons attestés. Ceux-ci LEURS CONTEMPORAINS CHRONIQUE sont présentés de manière systématique, sous forme de fiche incluant : dates d’intronisation et de mort, famille (parents, épouses et enfants), lieu de sépulture, événements marquants du règne, sites où le pharaon a mené une activité architecturale, titulature complète, contemporains du règne accompagnés de leurs titres, bibliographie. Suivent des DE L’ÉGYPTE tableaux donnant la possibilité de retrouver un roi à partir d’un élé- ment de sa titulature et, pour aller directement à l’information recher- chée, des index croisés recoupant les données intégrées dans l’ensemble des fiches. Cette étude ne serait pas complète sans une liste des nomes ANCIENNE – les divisions administratives de l’Egypte – avec leur nom en hiérogly- phes, une liste des principales villes classées en fonction de ces nomes, LES PHARAONS, LEUR RÈGNE, LEURS CONTEMPORAINS en tenant compte de leur évolution dans le temps, et un ensemble de cartes permettant de situer rapidement les divers éléments utilisés dans le corps de l’ouvrage. -
Des Égyptiens Portant Un Baudrier Libyen ? Jennifer Romion
Institut d’égyptologie François Daumas UMR 5140 « Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes » Cnrs – Université Paul Valéry (Montpellier III) Des Égyptiens portant un baudrier libyen ? Jennifer Romion Citer cet article : J. Romion, « Des Égyptiens portant un baudrier libyen ? », ENIM 4, 2011, p. 91-102. ENiM – Une revue d’égyptologie sur internet est librement téléchargeable depuis le site internet de l’équipe « Égypte nilotique et méditerranéenne » de l’UMR 5140, « Archéologie des sociétés méditerranéennes » : http://recherche.univ-montp3.fr/egyptologie/enim/ Des Égyptiens portant un baudrier libyen ? Jennifer Romion Institut d’égyptologie François Daumas UMR 5140 (CNRS - Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier III) ÉTUDE MÊME succincte des textes et des reliefs égyptiens montre que bien des traditions pharaoniques sont héritées de contacts avec les cultures voisines. On peut L’bien sûr mentionner l’utilisation du char et du cheval, innovation due à la présence des Hyksôs lors de la Deuxième Période intermédiaire. Le domaine des textiles ne fait pas exception et les Textes des Pyramides apparaissent comme une source privilégiée pour l’étude de ces premiers emprunts. Citons en premier lieu les vêtements j©“, b“, ≈sƒƒ 1 et swÌ, sortes de manteaux ou de capes dont le modèle commun à l’ensemble des civilisations du Proche- Orient ancien est étroitement associé par les Égyptiens aux étrangers venus de l’est comme de l’ouest. Les formules funéraires mentionnent aussi un devanteau ‡sm.t, ornement caractéristique du dieu Sopdou, seigneur des marges désertiques orientales, dont le roi se pare lorsqu’il parcourt « son pays tout entier » 2. Un habit doit encore être cité en exemple. -
Origins5-Programme.Pdf
Origins5 © Béatrix Midant-Reynes and Yann Tristant 2014, on behalf of The Fifth International Conference of Predynastic and Early Dynastic studies Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale, Cairo Fifth international conference of Predynastic and Early Dynastic Studies Origins5 | Cairo, 13-18 April 2014 Organised by the Institut français d’archéologie orientale (IFAO) in cooperation with the Ministry of State for Antiquities (MSA) and the Institut Français d’Égypte (IFE) Presentation The fifth international conference of Predynastic and Early Dynastic Studies marks the continuation of the previous successful conferences which happens every three years: Kraków 2002, Toulouse 2005, London 2008 and New York 2011. This five-day international event will gather in Cairo a network of experts from different countries. They will present and discuss their respective research relating a significant range of themes within the broader subject of the origins of the Egyptian State (from the Predynastic period to the beginning of the Old Kingdom). This Fifth international conference marks a new stage in the momentum acquired by Predynastic and Early Dynastic studies. Topics Topics developed during the conference concern all aspects of Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt. Papers and posters will be organised around the following themes: 4Craft specialisation, technology and material culture 4Upper-Lower Egypt interactions 4Deserts-Nile Valley interactions 4Egypt and its neighbours (Levant, Nubia, Sahara) 4Birth of writing 4Absolute and relative chronology 4Cult, ideology and social complexity 4Results of recent fieldwork 3 COMMITTEES Organisation Committee Béatrix Midant-Reynes, Institut français d’archéologie orientale, Cairo, Egypt Yann Tristant, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia Scientific Committee Matthew DouglasAdams , Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, New York, USA Nathalie Buchez, INRAP, Amiens/TRACES-UMR 5608, CNRS, Toulouse, France Krzysztof M. -
1279 PROTO, EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT, and EARLY BRONZE I-II of the SOUTHERN LEVANT: SOME UNEASY 14C CORRELATIONS Eliot Braun The
PROTO, EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT, AND EARLY BRONZE I-II OF THE SOUTHERN LEVANT: SOME UNEASY 14C CORRELATIONS Eliot Braun Israel Antiquities Authority, P.O. Box 21, Jerusalem 91004. Email: [email protected]. ABSTRACT. A number of recent radiocarbon determinations from several sites in Israel suggest advancing, by some con- siderable period of time, both the onset of the cultural horizon known as Early Bronze I and the appearance of its latest phases. The logical outcome of the acceptance of these new dates puts such a strain on chronological correlations between the 14C data and the archaeological record that the entire system would no longer be tenable if they were accepted. This paper examines in detail the problematic nature of these “uneasy correlations.” INTRODUCTION The later prehistory (from Upper Paleolithic through Early Bronze) of the southern Levant (the land mass covered by the modern polities of Israel, Jordan, the Palestinian Autonomous Authority, and Egyptian Sinai) is represented by a well known sequence of cultural facies, for which archaeologists have determined a basic relative chronology (Mazar 1990:30). For most of these periods radiocar- bon determinations are the backbone of an absolute chronology that has become more and more pre- cise with the honing of scientific methodology that allows for calibration of raw data expressed as calendric dates. They are, indeed, our only source of absolute chronology for all these millennia until the end of a cultural horizon known as EB I,1 and the beginning of the succeeding cultural phase EB II. Initial phases of EB I are conventionally believed to follow the collapse of the Late Chalcolithic cul- ture (Braun 1989; Joffe and Dessel 1995:512; Gilead 1994:10), though just when this event took place has been subject to debate (cf. -
Cwiek, Andrzej. Relief Decoration in the Royal
Andrzej Ćwiek RELIEF DECORATION IN THE ROYAL FUNERARY COMPLEXES OF THE OLD KINGDOM STUDIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT, SCENE CONTENT AND ICONOGRAPHY PhD THESIS WRITTEN UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROF. KAROL MYŚLIWIEC INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY FACULTY OF HISTORY WARSAW UNIVERSITY 2003 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work would have never appeared without help, support, advice and kindness of many people. I would like to express my sincerest thanks to: Professor Karol Myśliwiec, the supervisor of this thesis, for his incredible patience. Professor Zbigniew Szafrański, my first teacher of Egyptian archaeology and subsequently my boss at Deir el-Bahari, colleague and friend. It was his attitude towards science that influenced my decision to become an Egyptologist. Professor Lech Krzyżaniak, who offered to me really enormous possibilities of work in Poznań and helped me to survive during difficult years. It is due to him I have finished my thesis at last; he asked me about it every time he saw me. Professor Dietrich Wildung who encouraged me and kindly opened for me the inventories and photographic archives of the Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung, and Dr. Karla Kroeper who enabled my work in Berlin in perfect conditions. Professors and colleagues who offered to me their knowledge, unpublished material, and helped me in various ways. Many scholars contributed to this work, sometimes unconsciously, and I owe to them much, albeit all the mistakes and misinterpretations are certainly by myself. Let me list them in an alphabetical order, pleno titulo: Hartwig -
Before the Pyramids Oi.Uchicago.Edu
oi.uchicago.edu Before the pyramids oi.uchicago.edu before the pyramids baked clay, squat, round-bottomed, ledge rim jar. 12.3 x 14.9 cm. Naqada iiC. oim e26239 (photo by anna ressman) 2 oi.uchicago.edu Before the pyramids the origins of egyptian civilization edited by emily teeter oriental institute museum puBlications 33 the oriental institute of the university of chicago oi.uchicago.edu Library of Congress Control Number: 2011922920 ISBN-10: 1-885923-82-1 ISBN-13: 978-1-885923-82-0 © 2011 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published 2011. Printed in the United States of America. The Oriental Institute, Chicago This volume has been published in conjunction with the exhibition Before the Pyramids: The Origins of Egyptian Civilization March 28–December 31, 2011 Oriental Institute Museum Publications 33 Series Editors Leslie Schramer and Thomas G. Urban Rebecca Cain and Michael Lavoie assisted in the production of this volume. Published by The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago 1155 East 58th Street Chicago, Illinois 60637 USA oi.uchicago.edu For Tom and Linda Illustration Credits Front cover illustration: Painted vessel (Catalog No. 2). Cover design by Brian Zimerle Catalog Nos. 1–79, 82–129: Photos by Anna Ressman Catalog Nos. 80–81: Courtesy of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford Printed by M&G Graphics, Chicago, Illinois. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Service — Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984 ∞ oi.uchicago.edu book title TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword. Gil J. -
Menes, La Memoire Monarchique Et La Chronologie Du Iue Millenaire
ArcIJeo-Nilno9 - 1999 Menes, la memoire monarchique et la chronologie du IUe millenaire NE LOXGUE TRADITION H1STORIQUE EG\1'Tffi\XE FAIT DE ME,\'Es LE PREMIER Dl= et, scIon Herodote, le fondateur de Memphis. Derriere cette figure legendalre, dont le nom n'est pas atteste sous une forme royale dans les sources archalques, se cacherait soit Narmer, soit son Usuccesseur Aha (pour un etat de la question, cf. Midant-Reynes 1992 : 231-234 ; Ver- coutter 1992 : 207-209; wilkinson 1999 : 66-68). En faveur du second, on invoque l'installation de la necropole de Saqqara-Nord, temoin indirect de la fondation de la capitale (EmelY 1961 : 36-37). Une seule tombe etant concernee par un materieI coherent date de Aha (S 3357), l'argument reste fragile, d'autant que la necropole de la I" dyn. n'a pas encore ete fouillee exhaustivement, pa11icu lierement dans sa pa11ie sud (Jefii'eys & Tavares 1994 : 147), comme le confirment des decouvertes recentes du CSA (ibid. etJeffreys 1996 : 3). r.e lien avcre de la necropole de Hclouan avec la (future?) capitale montre, par ailleurs, en raison de l'attestation d'un roi anterieur a Narmer, I'Horus Ka (Naqada lIIB, selon la terminologie rm11e par Hendrickx 1996), que la fondation du site urbain est au Illoins contemporaine de la fin de la dynastie 0 (Wilkinson 1996: 347-348). L'analyse recente d'un sceau-cylindre en relation avec le palais royal (1), date de Naqada IlIA1-B, pourrait bien confir mer a la fois l'anciennete de la fondation de la ville et son statut de capitale (Kohler 1999). -
Cyberscribe 165-May 2009
Cyberscribe 165 1 CyberScribe 165 - May 2009 Perhaps the most interesting…accompanied by the most silly…news item this past month is the story about CAT scanning the famous bust of Nefertiti. A wonderful article appeared in ‘Radiology’: Volume 251: Number 1—April 2009, pp 233-240, the paper entitled: ‘Nondestructive Insights into Composition of the Sculpture of Egyptian Queen Nefertiti with CT’ by Alexander Huppertz, Dietrich Wildung, Barry J. Kemp, Tanja Nentwig, Patrick Asbach, Franz Maximilian Rasche, Bernd Hamm. The CyberScribe regrets that he cannot reprint the main article, but the abstract data below give the gist of the study: “Purpose: To assess the conservation status of, to gain information on the creation of, and to provide surface reformations of the core and the surface of the bust of the pharaoh-queen Nefertiti, considered to be one of the greatest treasures of ancient Egyptian art, with computed tomography (CT). “Materials and Methods: Multisection CT was performed with 0.6-mm section thickness. Two- and three-dimensional reformations were made to depict the core and the surface separately. “Results: The stucco layer on the face and the ears was very thin, a maximum of 1–2 mm thick. The rear part of the reconstructed crown showed two thick stucco layers of different attenuation values, indicating that a multistep process was used to create the sculpture. Within the stucco, a great number of air- Equivalent hypoattenuating areas, filamentous fissures parallel to the surface, and an inhomogeneous bonding between the layers were delineated. Nefertiti’ s inner face was not anonymous, but rather delicately sculpted by the royal sculptor Thutmose. -
Ancient Egyptian Herbal Wines
Ancient Egyptian herbal wines Patrick E. McGoverna,1, Armen Mirzoianb, and Gretchen R. Halla aMuseum Applied Science Center for Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and bScientific Services Division, Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, U.S. Treasury, Beltsville, MD 20705 Edited by Ofer Bar-Yosef, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, and approved February 23, 2009 (received for review November 17, 2008) Chemical analyses of ancient organics absorbed into pottery jars these properties by preparing ‘‘medicinal wines’’ and external salves in from the beginning of advanced ancient Egyptian culture, ca. 3150 which the plant products were dissolved or decocted in alcoholic media. B.C., and continuing for millennia have revealed that a range of At present, the earliest biomolecular archaeological evidence for natural products—specifically, herbs and tree resins—were dis- plant additives in fermented beverages dates from the early Neo- pensed by grape wine. These findings provide chemical evidence lithic period in China (8) and the Middle East (9), when the first for ancient Egyptian organic medicinal remedies, previously only plants and animals were taken into domestication and provided the ambiguously documented in medical papyri dating back to ca. 1850 basis for complex society and permanent settlement. Possibilities B.C. They illustrate how humans around the world, probably for for extending the evidential base back into the Paleolithic period are millions of years, have exploited their natural environments for limited by the lack of containers, which were probably made from effective plant remedies, whose active compounds have recently perishable materials, such as wood, leather, or woven textiles. -
Mostafa Elshamy © 2015 All Rights Reserved
Ancient Egypt: The Primal Age of Divine Revelation Volume I: Genesis Revised Edition A Research by: Mostafa Elshamy © 2015 All Rights Reserved Library of Congress United States Copyright Office Registration Number TXu 1-932-870 Author: Mostafa Elshamy Copyright Claimant and Certification: Mostafa Elshamy This volume, coinciding with momentous happenings in Egypt, is dedicated to: Al-Sisi: Horus of Truth and Lord of the Two Lands and The Egyptians who are writing an unprecedented chapter in the modern history of humanity Table of Contents Introduction ………………………………………………………………………. i-ii Chapter I Our Knowledge of the Ancient Egyptian Thoughts of the Spiritual Constituents of Man ……………………………………… 1 Chapter II The Doctrine of the Spirit …………………………………………. 16 - Texts embracing the Breath of Life ………………………………. 16 - Texts comprising Breathing Nostrils ……………………………… 18 - Texts substantiating Lifetime ……………………………………… 19 - The Breath of life: as a Metaphor ……………………………….. 20 - A Long-term Perplexity …………………………………………… 25 - The Tripartite Nature of Human ………………………………….. 27 - The Genuine Book of Genesis of Man …………………………..... 28 - Neith: the Holy Spirit ……………………………………………… 29 - Seshat and the Shen ……………………………………………….. 37 - The Egyptian Conception of "Sahu" ……………………………… 43 - Isolating the hieroglyph of Spirit ………………………………..... 49 Chapter III The Doctrine of the Soul ……………………………………………. 50 - The Louvre Palette ………………………………………………… 54 - The Oxford Palette ………………………………………………… 57 - The Hunters Palette ………………………………………………... 58 - The Battlefield Palette ……………………………………………. -
Mechanical Engineering in Ancient Egypt, Part 54: Bread, Beer, Wine and Perfume Industries
International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology Volume 5, Issue 6, 2017, PP 1-13 ISSN 2349-4395 (Print) & ISSN 2349-4409 (Online) Mechanical Engineering in Ancient Egypt, Part 54: Bread, Beer, Wine and Perfume Industries Galal Ali Hassaan Emeritus Professor ,Department of Mechanical Design & Production, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt (Emeritus Professor) Corresponding Author: Galal Ali Hassaan, Emeritus Professor, Department of Mechanical Design & Production, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt Received Date: 26-08-2017 Accepted Date: 11-09-2017 Published Date: 09-10-2017 ABSTRACT The evolution of mechanical engineering in ancient Egypt is investigated in this research paper through studying the production of bread, beer, wine and perfume. Examples from historical eras between the 1st and 20th Dynasties are presented, analysed and aspects of quality and innovation are outlined in each one. The leadership of the ancient Egyptians in the four industries studied in the paper was pointed out and illustrated. The application of remarkable mechanical technology is focused in the production of bread, wine and perfume. Keywords: Mechanical engineering, ancient Egypt, bread production, beer production, wine production, perfume production INTRODUCTION flour from raw grain but sometimes also with malt and with yeast [3]. This is the 54th paper in a scientific research aiming at presenting a deep insight into the McGovern et. al. (1997) presented an Early history of mechanical engineering during the Dynastic wine jar from the Royal tomb of Den, ancient Egyptian civilization. The paper handles the 7th King of the 1st Dynasty. They presented the production of bread, beer and wine during also some designs of wine jars from Near East the Predynastic and Dynastic Periods of the [4].