Analyzing Census Data for , District

Thet Thet Zin University of Computer Studies (Thaton) [email protected]

Abstract different occupations and industries, about new jobs and training policies; investment decisions are also made on the basis of the census. The Data analysis is the process of evaluating government of the republic of the union of data using analytical and statistical tools to conducted its latest census in April discover useful information and aid in many 2014, after three decades without a population and decision making sectors. There are several data housing census. In the post-independence period, analysis methods including data mining, text comprehensive population and housing censuses analytics, business intelligence and data were only successfully undertaken in 1973, 1983 visualization. The goal is to transform raw data and most recently in April 2014. The census main into understandable useful information. For results were launched in May 2015. These developing country, data analysis is strongly included The Union Report, Highlights of the needed to support useful information to decision Main Results, and reports of each of the 15 States maker. The census is most definitely important. and Regions. The reports on Occupation and The census helps us to see how our country is Industry and Religion were launched in March changing over the periodic. Census data are 2016 and July 2016 respectively. We only focus useful to lawmakers, marketing companies, on report of Mon state. Mon state has two political groups and even nosy neighbors curious districts: district and . about the family next door. In this paper, the 2014 has eight townships: Myanmar population and housing census Mon Mawlamyine, , Kyaikemaraw, state, Thaton district report is used to compare , , Lamine (Sub-Tsp), Ye, and analysis in three sectors demographic (Sub-Tsp). Thaton district has four characteristics, literacy rate and economic townships: , Bilin, Thaton and characteristic. Manual and REDATAM on-line Township. The area of Mon state is 12,287 km2. process tool provided by department of Points of interest are , population from ministry of labour, immigration Thanbyuzayat War Cemetery. There are three and population is used for analysis. This analysis universities: Mawlamyine University, intends to know education and economic Technological University, Mawlamyaing and conditions of people and highlight some issues in Computer University, Thaton. this region. In this paper, we will compare and analysis

data for four townships in Thaton district in three 1. Introduction sectors: demographic characteristics, Literacy rate and economic characteristics. The importance of The census is a periodic activity and must be demography lies in its contribution to helping conducted regularly because it carries lot of government and society better prepare to deal for benefits of the country. It allows us to compare the issues and demands of population growth, different groups of people across the country. It aging and migration. The statistics and provides information regarding parts of the predications resulting from demographic studies country the government needs to develop policies can aid in the development of adequate school for, plan and run public services in and allocate systems, estimate the required funding for senior funding to. It tells us how many people work in 57 services and develop workable healthcare system. and housing census in May, 2015. Department of A wide variety of social outcomes are impacted Population, Ministry of Immigration and by demographic processes and distributions. Population did research on population density Moreover, demographics are important in from 1995 to 2000 for , Myanmar, Laos, marketing and planning product lines and end Vietname and Cambodia and announced users. The analysis of human fertility is of central summary of the provisional results based on the importance in demographic analysis. The need to census of Myanmar, 2014. According to my monitor efforts to reduce population growth by knowledge, rarely use Myanmar census data for reducing fertility highlights the importance of research work at the present time. In this paper, being able to measure fertility, fertility change and we analysis census report for Thaton district by the sources of that change. For this work, we use manually and using web tool. 2014 census data and REDATAM online webserver tool published by Department of 3. Census Analysis on Thaton District Population, Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population. 3.1. Data

2. Related Work For this analysis, the 2014 Myanmar

population and housing census data from Many researchers do research on census data department of population, ministry of labour, in most countries. Minnesota population center, immigration and population, is used. The data can University of Minnesota did harmonized census be downloaded from dop.gov.mm website. The geography and spatio-temporal analysis: gender reports can get with two languages: Myanmar and equality and empowerment of women in Africa English. Census information on each township [1]. From their analysis, they have shown that includes demographic characteristics, religion, there are several constraints that related to education, economic characteristics, identity analysis of outcomes with respect to space and cards, disability, housing conditions and time. They have demonstrated the utility of using household amenities and fertility and mortality a combination of year specific geographic data categories. Analysis will be done on three and harmonized data, rather than either of them, categories already mentioned above. in order to increase accuracy in interpreting observed results. Another one is that University of 3.2. Demographic Analysis Cape Town-center for actuarial research proposed monitoring the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) by means of the census [2]. They Demographic characteristics includes males demonstrated that there is a need to develop and females population, sex ration, percentage of methods for integrating and harmonizing data urban population, population density, number of from a multiplicity of sources. Integrating and wards and village tracts, population in harmonizing these data offers the hope of a conventional households and number of resolution to many of the issues raised. United conventional households. Total population and States census released teacher version statistics sex population of four townships in Thaton census analysis report with the title “what role district are shown in figure1. Among four does geography play in the census?” [3].The townships, Kyaiko has the high number of wards report includes a selection of geographic area although its area is smaller than other townships. choices for data user’s topic. This topic supported The highest population density in Kyaikto is194.9 2 for geographic analysis in census data. persons per km and the lowest is in Bilin 83.7 2 In Myanmar, The United Nations Population persons per km . The population density of an Fund (UNFPA) Myanmar released highlights of area can be one of the most important determining the main results of the 2014 Myanmar population factors for business and marketing planning. It is not enough to know how many consumers live in 58 a specific state or city. Planner has to know how many people live in a particle radius. This will Demographic Characteristics allow us to choose a location for a business that is 300000 accessible to the largest amount of people. Total population According to population density for Thaton 250000 males district, Kyaikto is nice place for business men females among four townships. Especially, Kyaikto also 200000 has famous the golden rock “Kyaiktiyo” pagoda. Thus, kyaikto is the best place for business. To 150000 identify the type of business for this place, we should need to consider basic information such as 100000 age, race and family status. Bilin has lowest population density. Person of Noumber 50000 There are some factors for this condition: first, region with few natural resources such as 0 lack of famous places or natural resources for Kyaikto Bilin Thaton Paung business, second region with extreme climates of hot or cold or flooding or something, third limited Township in Thaton District in job opportunities for people. Bilin has these three conditions mentioned above. Raining season Figure 1. Total population and sex population of every year, Bilin suffers heavy flooding rather of four townships in Thaton district than other township. Bilin is the lowest developing region in Thaton district. 3.2. Education Analysis Government should support more fund for natural disaster in Bilin. To develop business in Literacy is critical to economic development this region, economic characteristic should be as well as individual and community well-being. considered. The size of the urban community is Economy of the region is enhanced when learners much larger than that of a rural community. In have higher literacy levels. Effective literacy percentage of urban population characteristic, skills open the doors to more educational and Thaton has highest percentage 23.1 % and Bilin employment opportunities. Thus, people are able has lowest percentage 10.2%. to pull themselves out of poverty. At the present According to data, most people in Thaton time, increasingly complex and rapidly changing district live in rural area. Thus, rural development technological world, it is important that have to do in this district such as support and individuals continuously expand their knowledge promote efforts to harmonize modern and learn new skills in order to keep up with the technologies with traditional and indigenous pace of change. knowledge, built the resilience of rural In our country, government is trying to communities to cope with and recover from improve literacy rate in every region. The figure2 natural disasters, improve access by rural people shows that 11.8%, 18%, 17.8% and 21.1% of the and communities to information, education, population aged 25 and over have never been to extension services and learning resources, school in Kyaikto, Bilin, Thaton and Paung knowledge and training to support sustainable Township respectively. Moreover, most people in development planning and decision-making. never been to school category is female in rural area in relevant township. Most people in this category may become jobless in future. Moreover criminal rate and fraud can be increased in these regions. Therefore, rural development projects such as rural education, integrated agricultural 59 development, training, craft training center for services and sales workers. Only 4.4 percent of the females, health education should be done for low- employed people are professionals, technicians income rural population. Moreover school and associate professionals. The third highest is attendance in four townships drops after age 10 or 19.5 percent at elementary occupations. Other 11 for both males and females. According to this townships: Bilin, Paung and Thaton, the hightest data, children left the school after grade 5 or 6. proportion of the employed people are skilled This factor reduces high quality human resource agricultural, forestry and fishery worker. for region. Moreover, it may include child labour Profession and technicians percent is very low in rate in region especially for low-income family. these townships also. But Thaton has a little high Children who do not have access to books or read percent in this occupation. Their economies regularly are vulnerable to falling behind in mostly depend on agriculture in this district. school. Parents and families are a child’s first and Myanmar’s agricultural development strategy most important teacher. Therefore, parents are (ADS) is officially lunched at 7th June, 2018. also needed to educate to encourage their children Employed persons aged 15-64 by for study. Government should increase % four occupation education costs for those people. Among these 50 four townships, Kyaikto is high in literacy rate. 45 25 40 Never Been to School 35 20 30 25 15 20 % 15 10 10 5 5 0 Kyaikto Bilin Thaton Paung 0 Kyaikto Bilin Thaton

Township Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery workers Services and sales workers

Population aged 25 and over Technicians and Associate Professionals

Elementary Occupations Rural population aged 25 and over Male aged 25 and over Figure3. Employed persons aged 15-64 by Female aged 25 and over four occupations Figure 2. Never been to school population aged 25 and over Development of agriculture in Myanmar was based on cooperation between government, 3.4. Analysis on Economic in Region farmers and private businesses. Minister of Agriculture spoke that by using the ADS for the

development of agriculture, all should work with At Kyaikto Township, 29.9 percent of the great effort to achieve full life expectancy by employed person aged 15-64 are skilled having nutritious food, being healthy and agricultural, forestry and fishery worker and is the increasing the incomes of smallholder farmers highest proportion, followed by 22.6 percent in 60 and rural people. Profession and technicians Rural hospitality businesses can reduce jobless percent is very low. Thus, technician training in rate in local area. every sector such as truck and bus mechanics, In the future, we intends to analysis changes electrical and electronics, pharmacy should be in the regions using the last three censuses in provided by government or private non-profit 1973, 1983 and 2014. To analysis the whole organization. Moreover, in order to grow innovate country data, machine learning and predication create jobs and contribute to community welfare, methods will be applied to this work. We can SMEs and entrepreneurs must possess a range of compare literacy rate, economic condition, internal capacities. Promoting and empowering worker force, health care, social characteristic small and medium size enterprises in rural areas among states in the country. Moreover, income can help jobless or low-income problems. and housing prices prediction can be done using census data in the future. 4. Discussion and Future work 5. Conclusion From our analysis, we have shown that literacy rate, jobless percent and economic The census is most definitely important. The condition are related in every township. To pull census helps with the equitable distribution of out people from poverty, balance development is public funds; state funding for educational needed in all sectors. In the Kyaikto Township, programs, health care, law enforcement and the majority of the people live in rural areas with highways is allocated based on population. only 19.1% living in urban areas. In Paung Moreover, the census helps us see how the Township, only 13.5% of people live in urban country is changing in which regions. In this areas. Among four townships the highest percent paper, we analysis the 2014 census data over three in living in urban area is 23.1% in Thaton. category on four townships in Thaton district by Therefore, this district needs to support highly manually and using web tool. The result rural development strategy. In this strategy, demonstrates that Bilin is the lowest development natural disasters especially flooding should be region in this district. Kyaikto is the considered in this region. Dams and sluice gates recommended place for business and that has the can benefit to local farmers to facilitate the crop highest population density but low in Literacy cultivation. However, irrigation department need rate. All townships need agriculture development to ensure safe from natural disasters and guarantee strategy. To increase literacy rate in this district is adequate irrigation water for local farmers. one of the challenges for local people. We need to Thaton district has state agricultural Institute analysis changes in these regions during the (SAI), Thaton. Local people should focus on specific period using 1973 and 1983 census data. improvement of literacy rate across the district by In the future, we will be applying machine cooperating with government and nonprofit learning methods and predication methods on organization. All should try to ensure inclusive Myanmar census dataset. and equitable quality education and promote life- long learning, including basic education in rural References area opportunities for all by implementing of non- formal education programs. Rural areas are the [1] S.sarkar, L.cleveland, M.silisyene and M.sobek, location of agricultural (forestry, animal “Harmonized census geography and spatio-temporal husbandry, and fishing) activities. In addition, it is analysis: Gender equality and empowerment of women needed to encourage developing a large number in Africa”, University of Minnesota, working paper no. of small businesses. Rural areas also have a high 2016-3, July 2016. share of tourism. Among four townships, Kyaikto [2] Thematic Research Network on Data and Statistics, attracts travel service businesses in large number. research lead: Tom A Moultrie, “Monitoring the SDGs by means of the census”, University of Cape Town, 2016. 61

[3] United States Census statistics in schools program, teacher version, “What role does geography play in the census?”, 2015. [4] R. P. Swierenga, “Historians and the Census: the Historiography of Census Research”, state historical society of IOWA, Volume 50, Number 6, 1990. [5] The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census, Mon State, Thaton District, Kyaikto Township Report by department of Population, Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population. [6] The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census, Mon State, Thaton District, Bilin Township Report by department of Population, Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population. [7] The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census, Mon State, Thaton District, Paung Township Report by department of Population, Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population. [8] The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census, Mon State, Thaton District, Report by department of Population, Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population. [9] http://www.dopredatam.gov.mm/ [10] http://www.dop.gov.mm/

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