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ICEM Impact Assessment Report | March 2019 CEPF| Environmental Study of the Lancang-Mekong Development Plan| ICEM Impact Assessment Report | March 2019 i CEPF| Environmental Study of the Lancang-Mekong Development Plan| ICEM Impact Assessment Report | March 2019 This report is one of four in this set on the Environmental Study of the Lancang-Mekong Development Plan: 1. Introduction Report 2. Baseline Assessment Report 3. Impact Assessment Report 4. Mitigation Recommendations Report The report covered in this volume is bold. DISCLAIMER This document was prepared by a consultant team engaged to undertake the Environmental Study of the Lancang-Mekong Development Plan. The project is funded by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF), a joint initiative of l’Agence Française de Développement, Conservation International, the European Union, the Global Environment Facility, the Government of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. A fundamental goal is to ensure civil society is engaged in biodiversity conservation. The views, conclusions and recommendations in the document are not to be taken to represent the views of CEPF. Prepared by International Centre for Environmental Management Prepared for Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund Citation ICEM. 2018. Environmental Study of the Lancang-Mekong Development Plan: Impact Assessment Report. Prepared for Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund. Hanoi More information www.icem.com.au | [email protected] ICEM - International Centre for Environmental Management 6A Lane 49, To Ngoc Van, Tay Ho, HANOI Viet Nam Front page image ICEM/Petro Kotzé Project Team Jeremy Carew-Reid, Peter John Meynell, Simon Tilleard, John Sawdon, Bryan Stuart, Eric Baran, Tim McCormack, Paul Simcock, Jacques Dezeure, Rory Hunter, Mai Ky Vinh, Tuantong Jutagate, Somphouthone Phimmachak, Oudom Phonekhampheng, Daniel Gilfillan, Luke Taylor, Luong Quynh Mai ii CEPF| Environmental Study of the Lancang-Mekong Development Plan| ICEM Impact Assessment Report | March 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS.......................................................................................................................... I LIST OF TABLES................................................................................................................................. III LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................... IV SUMMARY VI INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 Environmental study rationale ....................................................................................... 1 IMPACT ASSESSMENT APPROACH........................................................................................... 3 Summary of works and assessment zones ...................................................................... 3 UNDERSTANDING THE NATURE OF NAVIGATION IMPROVEMENT WORKS USING TWO CHANNEL DESIGN CASE STUDIES........................................................................................... 10 Introduction and description of the sample areas ........................................................ 10 DA-01: Hat Ngao .......................................................................................................... 14 DA-04: Kheng Pha Dai .................................................................................................. 17 Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 20 LMDP IMPACT ASSESSMENT RESULTS .................................................................................. 21 Hydrology and sediment impact assessment ................................................................ 21 Aquatic ecology and wetlands impact assessment ....................................................... 27 Amphibians and reptiles impact assessment ................................................................ 38 Fish impact assessment ............................................................................................... 39 Birds impact assessment .............................................................................................. 52 Socio-economics and livelihoods impact assessment ................................................... 56 LMDP impact assessment conclusions ......................................................................... 65 PAK BENG IMPACT ASSESSMENT RESULTS ............................................................................ 68 Hydrology and sediment impact assessment ................................................................ 68 Aquatic ecology and wetlands impact assessment ....................................................... 79 Amphibians and reptiles impact assessment ................................................................ 89 Fish impact assessment ............................................................................................... 90 Birds impact assessment .............................................................................................. 91 Socio economic impact assessment ............................................................................. 96 Pak Beng impact assessment conclusions .................................................................. 101 BIBILOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................... 103 APPENDIX 1: EVALUATION OF THE PAK BENG DAM SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............ 108 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 108 Background ............................................................................................................... 108 People ....................................................................................................................... 109 i CEPF| Environmental Study of the Lancang-Mekong Development Plan| ICEM Impact Assessment Report | March 2019 Poverty and livelihoods .............................................................................................. 111 Discussion .................................................................................................................. 113 Reccommendations for improving the SIA ................................................................. 121 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 124 References ................................................................................................................. 125 ii CEPF| Environmental Study of the Lancang-Mekong Development Plan| ICEM Impact Assessment Report | March 2019 LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1: Longer term impacts on hydrology .................................................................................. 23 Table 4.2: Construction phase impacts on sediment transport ......................................................... 23 Table 4.3: Longer term impacts on sediment transport .................................................................... 24 Table 4.4: Summary of hydrological impacts across the three sections ............................................ 26 Table 4.5: Summary of sediment impacts across the three sections ................................................. 26 Table 4.6: Different wetland habitat types identified in this stretch of the Mekong ......................... 28 Table 4.7: Indicators of changes in aquatic and riparian vegetation ................................................. 29 Table 4.8: Indicators of changes in littoral and benthic macroinvertebrates ..................................... 30 Table 4.9: Table of impacts upon the geomorphology of the whole study reach between the Golden triangle and Luang Prabang ............................................................................................................. 33 Table 4.10: Table of impacts upon the wetland habitats of the study reach between the Golden triangle and Luang Prabang .......................................................................................................................... 34 Table 4.11: Table of impacts upon the aquatic and riparian vegetation of the reach between the Golden triangle and Luang Prabang ................................................................................................. 35 Table 4.12: Table of impacts upon the macroinvertebrates of the reach between the Golden triangle and Luang Prabang .......................................................................................................................... 36 Table 4.13: Ecological information extracted from the MRC Mekong Fish Database and coded ....... 40 Table 4.14: Ecological information about the fish species using deep pools ..................................... 47 Table 5.1: Construction phase impacts on hydrology ....................................................................... 68 Table 5.2: Longer term impacts on hydrology .................................................................................. 68 Table 5.3: Construction phase impacts on sediment transport ......................................................... 70 Table 5.4: Longer term impacts on sediment transport .................................................................... 70 Table 5.5: Sediment load and composition before and after Pak Beng Dam with no sediment
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