May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14007 p.m. on Monday next, the Senate resume recess of the Senate over until 12 noon on October 10 or so and then adjourn to consideration of the unfinished business. Monday next, the Vice President of the come back after the elections. I hope The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without United States, the President of the Sen­ that will not be necessary. objection, it is so ordered. ate pro tempore, and the Acting Presi­ So we do have a full plate ahead of us. dent of the Senate pro tempore be au­ Does that answer the Senator's ques­ thorized to sign all duly enrolled bills and tion? NOTIFICATION TO THE PRESIDENT joint resolutions. OF CONFIRMATION OF NOMINA­ Mr. HUGH SCOTT. Yes. TIONS YESTERDAY The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. MANSFIELD. Plus the appropria­ objection, it is so ordered. tion bills. Mr. GRIFFIN. Mr. President, as in ex­ Mr. HUGH SCOTT. I am curious ecutive session, I ask that the President about this bill, as to where we stand on of the United States be notified of the this. confirmation by the Senate on yesterday LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM Mr. MANSFIELD. I am going to find of the several nominations that were con­ Mr. HUGH SCOTr. Mr. President, I out. I know what the answer will be, but sidered. rise to inquire of the order of business I am still going to try. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without from today, or as far as can be reasonably objection, it is so ordered. predicted. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, there QUORUM CALL AUTHORIZATION FOR THE SECRE­ will be no further votes this evening, but Mr. ROBERT c. BYRD. Mr. Presi­ TARY OF THE SENATE TO RECEIVE there are a number of measures on the dent, I suggest the absence of a quorum. MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT calendar which will be taken up in the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The AND THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA­ near future. clerk will call the roll. TIVES DURING ADJOURNMENT I also have here a list of 25 measures The assistant legislative clerk pro­ UNTIL MONDAY, MAY 17, 1976 which will be reported out by May 15, ceeded to call the roll. many of them major, and in addition to Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, I ask Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, these, others will also be forthcoming. unanimous consent that the order for I ask unanimous consent that during the The Senate has given committees per­ the quorum call be rescinded. adjournment of the Senate over until 12 mission to report out legislation until The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without o'clock noon on Monday next, the Sec­ midnight Saturday next. objection, it is so ordered. retary of the Senate be authorized to re­ What is the will of the Senate? ceive messages from the House of Rep­ So we have a very difficult schedule resentatives and the President of the ahead of us with a Memorial Day holi­ day, with a Democratic Convention holi­ United States. day, with a Republican Convention holi­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY, day-I should not use the word "holiday." MAY 17, 1976 objection, it is so ordered. Mr. HUGH SCOTT. I was going to say Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. Presi­ that will not be a holiday for us and I dent, if there be no further business to AUTHORIZATION FOR OFFICERS OF hope it is not for you. come before the Senate I move, in ac­ THE SENATE TO SIGN DULY EN­ Mr. MANSFIELD. No. We will have cordance with the order previously en­ ROLLED BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS the unity convention and you will have tered, that the Senate stand in adjourn­ DURING ADJOURNMENT OF THE the brokered convention. ment until the hour of 12 noon on Mon­ SENATE UNTIL MONDAY, MAY 17, But then we have the Labor Day re­ day. 1976 cess and, as I indicated earlier, if we The motion was agreed to; and at 5: 52 Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. President, cannot adjourn sine die by October 2, as p.m., the Senate adjourned until Mon­ I ask unanimous consent that during the we are hoping, we will stay in until about day, May 17, 1976, at 12 noon.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT ON H.R. 13680 is scheduled for considera­ arms transfers. Foreign sa.les orders for arms, tion in this House next week. In today's under $1.5 blllion in 1970, are expected to ARMS TRANSACTIONS MUST BE exceed $10 billion this yea.r for the third yea.r STRENGTHENED New York Times, Mr. Cyrus Vance pre­ in succession. sents an excellent analysis of the arms The increasing emphasis on sales rather transactions issues. I am entering his ar­ than a.id has sharply reduced Congressional HON. BELLA S. ABZUG ticle in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for control over the bulk of United States arms OF NEW YORK consideration by my colleagues prior t.o exports. Mllita.ry-a.ssistance programs require IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES next week's debate on the new Interna­ Congressional review, while most sales do not. Government-to-government sa.les of over $25 Thursday, May 13, 1976 tional Security and Arms Export Control Act. million could be rejected by concurrent reso­ Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, President CONTROLLING U.S. ARMS SALES lutions of both houses, but this ha.s proved Ford's veto of the International Security to be a difficult procedure and is re.rely at­ (By Cyrus R. Va.nee) tempted. The growing number of commercial Assistance and Arms Export Control Act President Ford's veto of the International sa.les is completely beyond Congressional re­ was a serious mistake. By establishing a Security Assistance and Arms Export Control view. new balance between the Executive and Act of 1976 blocks the most comprehensive Perhaps the most impoi,tant impact of the the Congress, this act represented a seri­ and far-reaching reform of the pollcyma.klng vetoed. bill would have been to open arms ous attempt to transform the lessons of process for United States a.rms sales ever un­ sales to public scrutiny. A,t present, Congress the Vietnam war into legislative tools in dertaken. Though not without flaws, this receives little useful information regarding order to prevent future unwise foreign legislation represented a historic initiative by most proposed sales. Moreover, the Adminis­ Congress to increase its oversight with re­ tration often assigns a security classification interventions or commitments. spect to the rapidly growing arms-sales pro­ One of the most important features of to rthe information it does provide, !wither gram. limiting public access. the act extended congressional oversight The veto ls pa.rticula.rly surprising because for arms sales and transfers. I regret that the Administration was closely consulted ThLs b1ll would have required the Presi­ H.R. 13680, the new International Se­ throughout the drafting and had apparently dent to provide Congress with far more de­ indicated that it wa.s prepared. to accept the tailed descriptions of proposed arms sales. curity Assistance Act for fiscal years Such tnform.a.tlon would not only assist Con­ 1976-77, does not carry over the provi­ legislation. During the last decade, the United States gress 1n carrylng out its legislative respon­ sion from the Security Assistance Act of exported almost as many a.rms a.s all other sibilities but also would provide the Ameri­ 1976 which enables Congress to veto com­ nations combined. Most of these transactions can people w,t,th a fuller explana:tion of the mercially sold "major defense equip­ have been in the form. of sales rather than be.sis and rationale for our expanding arms­ ment" valued between $7 million and $25 aid. In fact, mlllta.ry assistance now con­ sales program. million by concurrent resolution. stitutes less than 5 percent of United States The increasing competi,tion for arms-sales 14008 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 contracts has led many private arms manu­ Japan-many of them active-duty Ma­ the depths of one's spiritual and emo­ facturers to employ foreign agents as middle­ rines-who deplore the deprivation of tional needs. And what better clearing­ men, promoting and facilitating arms sales human rights in South Korea. house for human needs, Mr. Speaker, abroad. In recent months, there have been The document follows: than the church. numerous reports of unethical practices to APRIL 1976. gain foreign sales. The legis>lation would have Therefore, I submit to you and my DEAR CONGRESSMAN DONALD FRASER: As colleagues in the U.S. House of Repre­ required the reporting of all agents' fees, American citizens living or stationed in Ja­ contemplated or paid. pan, we want to express to you our concern sentatives an article which appeared in The bill also prohibited arms manufac­ about the recent events in South Korea. the February edition of the Case Western turers from selling major defense equipment On March 1, a number of Korean patriots Reserve newspaper which describes the whose value exceeded $25 million to non­ issued a statement criticizing President Park benefits of this pioneering program. Also North Atlantic Treaty Organization for the repression of democratic rights, and included is the graduation exercises pro­ count ries. for the policy of "strengthening" the econ­ gram for the first graduating class. A recent report by the United Nations omy at the expense of the Korean workers, The article follows: Association policy panel on conventional under his regime. The signers of this "Decla­ arms control goes further, recommending ration for a Democratic National Salvation" A RESPONSE TO HUMAN NEEDS--SASS PROGRAM that commercial sales be phased out grad­ called for Park to step down as President. GUIDES INNER CITY MINISTERS ually. In its report on "Controlling the In­ In reaction to this statement read in a (By Jim Castagnera) ternational Arms Trade," the panel notes church service, the Park regime has charged For the Reverend James E. Hannah of that "arms sales have important foreign some with attempting to overthrow the gov­ Glenville's Central Christian Church the policy, national security and arms-control ernment and jailed many others. Park has program is a response to "my dream and my implications and should be handled solely treated this expression of the desire of the prayer." on a government-to-government basis. South Korean people for freedom as the For the folks at Case Reserve's Human By establishing an annual ceiling of $9 fascist dictator he is: he will use it as an Services Design Lab it is "a program directed billion on total arms sales, the bill would excuse to try to quiet the democratic oppo­ specifically toward inner-city ministers and have given Congress a level for limiting the sition. We do not believe in repressing hu­ focusing on the ability to respond to the growth of arms exports. Though the setting man rights. 'whole person'." of a ceiling m.a.y seem somewhat arbitrary, Meanwhile our government sits back and No matter how you describe it, the new Per­ there is a need to define an overall limit to continues to assure Park that he will get sonal and Professional Development Program the growing arms-sales program. the military aid and support he has been for inner city ministers, sub-titled "A Re­ In the absence of a well-defined and pub­ promised. To prove that the U.S. is ready to sponse to Human Needs", is an important­ licly enunciated overall program, recent Ad­ back up its promises for military "protec­ and difficult-task for CWRU's School of Ap­ ministration policy toward arms sales has tion", massive joint US-ROK military op­ plied Social Sciences (SASS) . been determined on a case-by-case basis. The erations have been held since late February, SASS, which operates the Human Services celling would compel United States policy­ involving US troops, ships and aircraft from Design Lab, was first approached by Rev. makers to clarify their priorities in foreign Okinawa, Iwakuni, Yokosuka, and Califor­ Hannah and other members of the Inner-City arms sales. nia, as well as those already stationed in Protestant Parish. "Our main purpose was to The legislation also called upon the Presi­ Korea. We protest these operations because come up with a program that ties social con­ dent to traI1Sir1Lt to Congress an annual re­ they are a blatant sign of support by our cerns to religious beliefs, so that the ministers port of estimated arms sales, including their government for an anti-democratic regime could deal with the whole person," says Rev. impact on regional arms races, to each coun­ that ignores the needs and the desires of its Hannah. try for the next year. The preparation of such own people. We should do all in our power He explains that the minister in the inner a report would help give overall direction and to avoid involvement in another Vietnam. city at various times is called upon by his coherence to Administration policy and pro­ We urge Congress to make immediate 'flock' to be spiritual advisor and interpreter vide a general framework within which in­ steps to stop all military aid to the Park of the Bible, guidance counselor, social work­ dividual cases could be determined. regime, and to begin as soon as possible the er, financial advisor, and friend. Yet most in­ The bill recognized that it would be total withdrawal of U.S. troops and weapons ner city ministers have little formal prepara­ neither feasible nor desirable for Congress from South Korea. We also call for the im­ tion in social work, psychology and related to review every proposed arms sale. Under mediate release of all political prisoners in disciplines. this legislation, the executive branch would South Korea-people jailed for the "crime" Too often the minister is able to provide have retained the necessary flexibilitly to of speaking out for democracy. only spiritual guidance-"if the Lord cares tailor its arms-export policy to unanticipated Those of us in the military realize that for the birds of the air, won't he take care changs in the international scene. we may risk a lot of harassment from our of you?"-when the parishioner needs a job, If national security so required, the Presi­ military "superiors" for signing this petition legal aid in a landlord/ tenant squabble, food dent could waive the ceiling on a case-by­ to Congress, but we also know that the right and clothes for the children, or some other case basis. Similarly, the annual sales esti­ to petition Congress 1s guaranteed to us by temporal aid. mate, like the present military-assistance DoD Directive 1325.6. Furthermore, we feel it "The approach is to increase the ministers' program, would provide a general guideline is our duty to speak out when we see in­ skill in recognizing and understanding basic rather than a binding commitment to a stances of injustice. human needs," says Noreen Haygood, project specific set of figures. director for the Human Services Design Lab. As the United Nations Association panel With this goal in mind SASS Professor Ed points out, "In the long run limiting the McKinney began Phase I of the year-long global arms traffic will require international CLEVELAND MINISTERS LEARN NEW program at the Central Christian Church on cooperation and multinational agreements East 105th Street in November. SASS and among both arms suppliers and recipients." TECHNIQUES FOR HUMAN PROB­ LEMS the Inner-City Protestant Parish hoped for Yet the panel concludes that the United 15 participants. It was a surprise when 29 States, as the dominant arms supplier, must ministers from Cleveland's inner city, as well take the initiative by displaying greater as churches as far away as Painesville, regis­ restraint in its arms exports. HON. LOUIS STOKES tered to attend the Tuesday and Thursday The veto of this legislation is a serious mis­ OF OHIO morning sessions. take. Even if the veto cannot be overridden, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "The program has been tremendous so far," Congress should overturn this ill-considered says Rev. Hannah. "We anticipated a 15 per­ action by re-enacting the essential provisions Thursday, May 13, 1976 cent dropout. So far no one has dropped." of the legislation. Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, the com­ Meanwhile, he says, there is a waiting list plexities of daily life in the latter quar­ for next year. ter of the 20th century are such that we Attracting the 29 ministers amounted to clearing the first hurdle. Prof. McKinney's must devise new ways to cope with so­ task now is to accomplish the tie between U.S. MARINES URGE AID BAN FOR ciological problems. SOUTH KOREA religion and social service that the Rev. Han­ In Cleveland, today, there exists an in- nah prays for. novative program for clergymen, which In the basement classroom at Central HON. DONALD M. FRASER is designed to assist them in their alter­ Christian Church, the subject may be how native ministerial roles of mentor and to refer a parishioner with problems to a so­ OF M1NNESOTA cial service agency. A minister says, "Jesus IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES psychological counselor. The personal and professional de­ Christ is the problem solver. Brothers, we Thursday, May 13, 1976 are sanctified by him. He is truth and the velopment program for urban ministers truth can solve all problems." Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, I would helps the pastor to deal with the "whole "Yes," says McKinney, ever so gently, "But like to insert in the RECORD a letter person." In other words, they learn those where can we refer a mother whose children signed by at least 50 persons living in skills which will enable them to reach are suffering from malnutrition?" May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14009 To help answer that question, SASS is Welcoming Remarks-Rev. James Hannah. through Castroites and the New Left to bringing representatives from Cleveland's so­ Greetings: the Maoist Communists. The NLG pro­ cial service agencies-agencies dealing with Donald R. Whitman, Vice President, Case vides the principal legal support for a alcoholism, family planning, health care, and Western Reserve University. wide spectrum of violent groups ranging the whole range of social concerns-to the Joseph Schultz, Vice President, Ashland Central Christian Church. Theological Seminary. from prison gangs through the terror­ With the help of group leaders like the Kathy Stafford, Ohio Board of Regents. ists of the Weather Underground, Black Rev. Carl Banks of the Hough Avenue United Steven Minter, The Cleveland Foundation. Liberation Army and the Puerto Rican Church of Christ, Prof. McKinney is teach­ Rev. Milan Brenkus, Inner-City Protestant FALN. ing the ministers techniques of interviewing Parish. The NLG's own self-serving charac­ and other forms of verbal and non-verbal Rev. George Nishimoto, West Side Ecu- terimtion is that the guild is "an or­ communication. menical Ministry. ganization of lawYers, law students, "People communicate in many ways, not Cleveland Public Officials. legal workers and jailhouse lawyers, just by writing and speaking," explains Mc­ Song. Kinney. "You must be aware of what you Keynote Speaker-Dr. Edward McKinney, which has for the past 39 years been may be communicating to your parishioner­ School of Applied Social Sciences, "A Re­ active in the fight for political, economic whether you come across as relaxed, or up­ sponse to Human Needs." and social change." The NLG neglects tight or condescending. The person you're Presentation of Certificates-Merl Hoken­ to explain that their "fight for political, interviewing will also be sending out non­ stad, Dean, School of Applied Social Sciences. economic and social change" is what verbal signals. Maybe the problem he wants Plans for Next Phases of Training Program, they now call their support for revolu­ to talk about isn't what's really bothering Noreen Haygood, School of Applied Social tionary imposition of a Leninist totali­ him. You have to be alert for those non­ Sciences. Song. tarian dictatorship. verbal signals." The NLG is operating on a budget "During Phase I of the program, which Charge to the Ministers, Rev. Irving Joyner, runs through the winter-a total of 16 Commission Against Racism. estimated at $90,000 a year, and claims weeks-the ministers are meeting twice each Introduced by Rev. Thomas Chapman. a membership of some 4,500 of which week," says Haygood. "Dr. McKinney, Rev. Response for the Ministers-Rev. Robert 40 percent are law students. Previous Charles Ronkos of Ashland Theological Sem­ Dickerson. NLG projects have included setting up inary and Rev. Carl Banks of Hough Ave­ Benediction-Rev. Anzo Montgomery, In­ mass legal defense months in advance of nue United Church of Christ are acting as terdenominational Ministers Alliance. the riots at the 1968 Democratic Na­ faculty. The emphasis is on basic skill de­ Recessional. tional Convention, and other Vietnam velopment." REVERENDS CHURCHES demonstrations; in this connection it is From 9:30 to 10:45 am Prof. McKinney James Battle, Newbirth Baptist. noted that the NLG Philadelphia chap­ presents the theory. Then from 11 :OO am Walter Boykins, Grace Missionary Baptist. until 1 : 30 pm the ministers break into groups M. C. Cage, First Commandment Baptist. ter is now organizing mass defense of headed by Reverends Ronkos and Banks to Thomas Chapman, Avon Avenue Baptist. persons who participate in the July 4th practice interviewing techniques on one an­ Jessie Christian, Family in Heaven Baptist. demonstrations called by the Weather other and to discuss the theory in practical Horace G. Coleman, First Zion Baptist. Underground's Prairie Fire Organizing terms. Robert W. Dickerson, Bethany Christian. Committee and the CUJban-controlled Phases II and III, which deal with more B. A. Green, Mt. Moriah Baptist. Puerto Rican Socialist Party. adva nced material, will carry the program James Hannah, Central Christian. The use of Federal and other grand through 1976. Karl P. Heimer, Bethany Lutheran. juries in cases involving New Left ter­ AUDITS Robert L. Hubbard, Crawford Road Chris- rorists and their aboveground and un­ Rev. Abraham Acoff. tian. derground supporters and sympathizers Ms. Karin Bessinger. Donald L. Jackson, Fellowship Christian. Ronald D. Knight, Apostolic Oneness. became the subject of NLG concern by Rev. Earl Brewer. As Rev. William Drew. Leonard C. Lively, Dayspring Baptist. 1970. grand juries began extensive Rev. S. T. Jackson Frank J. Mickens, Avon Avenue Baptist. inquiry into the activities of the Weather Rev. Willie Judie. Horace Rickerson, Open Door Baptist. Underground, the NLG, many of whose Rev. G. Kennedy. Perfecto Romero, Christ Community members had been deeply involved with Rev. Lieutenant Randle. United Methodist. the Weathermen SDS faction, formal­ Rev. Martin E. Williams. Joseph Sams, Avon Avenue Baptist. Donald F. Sharp, East Cleveland Congre- ized its attack on grand juries with a ADVISORY COMMITI'EE gational. National Grand Jury Defense Project Rev. Carl Banks. Grover W. Sharpe, Thessalonian Baptist. headquartered in San Francisco. Rev. Milan Brenkus. Edward D. Small, Star Light Baptist. The NLG project developed tactics of Rev. Thomas Chapman. Edward Taylor, Greater Cleveland Inter- total non-cooperation with the grand Rev. James Hannah. Ch urch Council. jury, tactics of delay, and tactics of Ms. Noreen Haygood. W. D. Tyree, Church of God in Christ. counter-attack, for example by claim­ Ms. Dolores Knight. Thompson Weems, Second Metropolitan ing that any questions asked of witnesses Dr. Edward McKinney. Baptist. Rev. George Nishimoto. Willie C. Whitworth, Second Mount Sinai were derived from an illegal wiretap and Rev. Charles Ronkos. Baptist. demanding disclosure proceedings. By the end of 1973, the Grand Jury Defense FACULTY Richard Williams, Avon Avenue Baptist. T. C. Williams, Kingdom Grove Baptist. Project had produced a series of man­ Rev. Carl Banks. Monroe D. Wilson, Come Home Baptist. uals, reports and legal materials for at­ Dr. Edward McKinney. Albert Zorn, Gospel Hall Baptist. Rev. Charles Ronkos. torneys representing grand jury wit­ nesses, and instruction materials for CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF APPLIED SOCIAL ScIENCE grand jury witnesses on how they might resist answering any questions. PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT THE REVOLUTIONARY LAWYERS: PROGRAM FOR URBAN MINISTERS Among the principal Grand Jury De­ NATIONAL LAWYERiS GUILD UP­ fense Project members were NLG attor­ GRADUATION EXERCISES DATE neys Mrarty Fassler, Barry Winograd, Wednesday, March 17, 1976-7:30 p.m. Matthew Zwerling and Doron Wein­ Central Christian Church berg, former partner and roommate of 697 East 105 Street HON. LARRY McDONALD OF GEORGIA fugitive Stephen Bingham wanted on Cleveland, Ohio 44103 charges of having smuggled a gun to Cooperating Agencies IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES revolutionary prisoner George Jack.son. Ashland Theological Seminary. Thursday, May 13, 1976 NLG "legal workers" on the project in­ Inner-City Protestant Parish. Mr. McDONALD of Georgia. Mr. cluded Nancy Kurshan and Howie Em­ West Side Ecumenical Ministry. mer, long supporters of the Weather­ Funded by Grants from Speaker, the National LawYers Guild­ NLG-formed as a Communist front at men who are now active in the Weather Ohio Board of Regents (Title I, Higher Underground's Prairie Fire Organizing Education Act). the instigation of the Comintem almost 40 years ago, is now a working coalition Committee. The Cleveland Foundation. As the NLG phased out its legal re­ PROGRAM of revolutionaries in the legal profession Processional. who range from members and support­ search oriented Grand Jury Defense Invocation-Rev. Donald Sharp. ers of the Communist Party, U.S.A. Project, it initiated a broader-based or- 14010 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 ganization at its 1973 convention to co­ sive Legislation; David Livingston of ing extensive National LawYers Guild ordinate public pressure and develop District 65; and Frank Donner, head of support-the grand jury project of the publicity among both radical and liberal the ACLU's surveillance project. New York Women's Union headquar­ groups attacking the concept of the Not unexpectedly, large numbers of tered at 853 Broadway, Room 1415, New grand jury-a body created to protect current and former NLG members are York, N.Y. 10003 [212 533-2299]. the individual from any arbitrary gov­ found among CEGJA's endorsers such The New York Women's Union is a ernment prosecution by requiring an in­ as Arthur Kinoy; Thomas Emerson; group of highly militant revolutionary dependent grand jury investigation Vern Countryman; Leonard Boudin, rep­ "women's liberationists," which staged a first. resentative of the Cuban Communist sit-in in the New York offices of Senator This NLG created group, the Coalition government and father of Weather Un­ JACOB JAVITS last spring to protest any To End Grand Jury Abuse-CEGJA-in­ derground fugitive Kathy Boudin; Ad­ U.S. aid to the collapsing non-Commu­ cluded, besides the NLG, two Communist dison Bowman; Clinton Bamberger; and, nist governments of Southeast Asia. Party, U.S.A. fronts, and a number of unfortunately, Representatives ABzuG Their grand jury project was orga­ groups, including religious organizations, and CONYERS. nized in February, 1975, to counteract who were members of the Communist Former U.S. Attorney General Ramsey FBI and Justice Department investiga­ Party dominated anti-Vietnam People's Clark is also among the endorsers. Ram­ tions into the revolutionary and lesbian Coalition for Peace and Justice. Several sey Clark is still endeavoring to become underground network which had har­ groups, including two organizations since a defense attorney for the Baader­ bored not only admitted revolutionary captured by the Maoist Communist Oc­ Meinhof gang of terrorists in West Ger­ bank robber Susan Saxe, but reportedly tober League, have dropped out of the many-a new extreme in a disgraceful many other members of the new left ter­ CEGJA. career. rorist groups. Current CEGJA members include the The grand jury project of the New American Civil Liberties Union; Na­ In full, the endorsers of the NLG's York Women's Union states it works tional Conference of Black LawYers, the anttgrand jury coalition include: "regularly'' with the Center for Constitu­ "black NLG"; the National Emergency Rep. Bella S. Abzug. Rev. Joseph P. Ada.ms. tional Rights, a NLG spinoff headed by Civil Liberties Committee, a Communist W1111a.m Anderson. William Kunstler and Arthur Kinoy; the Party front group; the National Lawyers Rep. Herman Badillo. CEGJA; the NLG; the Committee of Guild; the American Friends Service Clinton Bamberger, Esq. Concern. of the National Council of Committee, not a religious organization, Add1son Bowma.n, Esq. Churches; "and a network of grand jury but one which has supported Marxist­ Leonard Boudin, Esq. defense groups." That network includes Leninist causes and Soviet-equipped John A. Burgess, Esq. radical women's collectives in Lexington, guerrilla terrorists for many years; and Prof. Noa.m Chomsky. Ky.; Seattle; Philadelphia; Boston; Se­ also the Unitarian Universalist Associa­ Prof. LeRoy Clark. attle; Denver; Los Angeles; and Minne­ tion; the United Methodist Board of Ramsey Clark. apolis. Church and Society, Department of Law, Rep. Wlllia.m Clay. Project staffers include Gerri Barist, Justice and Community Relations; the Daniel Crawford. Rep. John Conyers, Jr. Rhonda Copelon, Janet Gallagher, Judy Jesuit Social Ministries Conference; the Prof. Vern Countryman. Greenspan, Judy Peluso, Carlin Meyer, Church of the Brethren; and the United Paul Cowan. and Julie Schwartzberg, with assistance Methodist Board of Global Ministries, Rep. Ronald V. Dellums. provided by others including Beth Boch­ Women's Division and National Division. James Diorio, Esq. nak, Ruth Beuchler, Gina Cestero, Doris The CEGJA has operated since its Frank J. Donner, Esq. Peterson, Liz Schneider, and Anne formation under Fred J. Solowey, a Rep. Bob Eckhardt. Schwartzberg. former organizer for the Harrisburg Rep. Don Ed.wards. The leadership role taken by the Na­ Defense Committee, first from the NLG Sister Jogues Egan. tional LawYers Guild on many levels in Washington chapter offices and now Prof. Thomas I. Emerson. attacking America's legal system in de­ from 105 Second Street, NE., Washing­ Prof. Richard Falk. fense of revolutionaries and terrorists is ton, D.C. 20002 [202 547-01381. Rev. David A. Garcia. clear. The organization and its members Charles Goodell, Esq. President of CEGJA is David Rein, an Roger Gould, M.D. are long overdue for a detailed and pub­ identified member of the Communist Senator Mike Gravel. lic examination, and yet the chairman of Party, U.S.A., operator of the National Prof. Andrew Hacker. the Judiciary Committee has not as­ Emergency Civil Liberties Committee Rep. Michael Harrington. signed a single investigator to the in­ local office, and member of the law firm Irv. Joyner. creasing threat of terrorism. I urge my of Forer and Rein which is the Washing­ EdK1ng. colleagues to join in urging him to re­ ton office of Rabinowitz, Boudin and Prof. Arllhur K1noy. consider his inaction in light of the Standard, the agents of the Cuban Com­ David Livingston. pressing need. munist government for many years. Rev. Nell McLaughlin. The CEGJA states it was formed "in Rep. Pa.rren J. Mitchell. response to the campaign of grand jury Prof. Charles Messon. terror unleashed upon Nixon's most Paul O'Dwyer, NYC. Doris Peterson, Esq. LILLIAN (LIL) CUMBER vocal opponents by the Department of Prof. Samuel Popkin. Justice's Internal Security Division." In Rep. Charles B. Rangel. April 1975, the Grapevine, a newsletter Henry Rothblatt, Esq. published by the Joint Strategy and Ac­ Diane Schulder, Esq. Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke tion Committee of the national mission Benjamin Spock, M.D. OF CALIFORNIA agencies of the major Protestant denom­ Rep. Fortney H. Stark. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES inations operating from the New York Rep. Louis Stokes. offices of the National Council of I. P. Stone. Thursday, May 13, 1976 Curches, reported: Kenneth Tierney. Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. Rev. Joseph Wenderoth. The Coalition after much careful research Speaker, the Performing Arts Society of and thought ha.s come to the position that Dr. Robert Nelson West. Los Angeles-PASLA-sprung from the non-collaboration or resistance to the FBI ls Frank Wilkinson. turmoil of the Watts riots. The society at this point, the best way of safeguarding Prof. Richard D. Younger. assists people in discovering their cre­ civll 11bert1es. The NLG's Coalition To End Grand ative instincts, thus, enabling them to The coalition's endorsers as of that Jury Abuse is designed to put antigrand live an ultimately more enriching and time who thus support hindering the jury pressure on the top of the Ameri­ rewarding life. FBI's investigations of possible viola­ can legal system via Congress and so­ On Sunday, May 16, 1976, PASLA will tions of our laws include old Communist called public opinion makers and mem­ honor Ms. Lillian (Lil) Cumber, the first Party members like Frank Wilkinson of bers of the legal profession. More apeniy black female theatrical and movie agent the National Committee Against Repres- militant is another organization receiv- in Los Angeles. As president of Lil Cum- May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14011 ber Attractions Agency, now celebrating ton. Smoke quickly filled all of the rooms AGENDA FOR GOVERNMENT RE· its 20th birthday, Ms. Cumber has indeed of the dwelling, including the bedroom FORM ACT been a pioneer in efforts to secure black where Jared, 3 years old, was located. employment in both stage and screen After several windows were broken, Den­ productions. zel Lofgreen stepped through a window HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON Ms. Cumber was the first person to sell opening into the bedroom, He could see OF ILLINOIS a script written by a black to a television nothing because of the dense smoke. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES network, was responsible for placing the Crawling along the floor, he located the Thursday, May 13, 1976 first black in a commercial on the west unconscious child. He then took Jared coast and has opened doors for many of back to the open window and stepped Mr. ANDERSON of lliiriois. Mr. outside just before the bedroom became Speaker, I wish to commend President today's established black actors and Ford on the major initative he has taken actresses. Her agency, which Ms. Cumber filled with flames. Jared Martin is alive has headed since its inception, now rep­ today because of this heroic act. today in sending to the Congress his pro- · resents both black and white clients em­ Mr. Speaker, we live in an age where posed "Agenda for Government Reform ployed in every aspect of the theatrical ample publicity is given to incidents Act." I am especially pleased that the leg­ where citizens have failed to assist or aid islation being proposed by the President and "celluloid" industry. closely parallels the "Regulatory Reform Ms. Cumber's endeavors, however, have others in need. I think it is important that acts of heroism and Christian con­ Act" introduced by Senators CHARLES not been limited to theatrical and movie­ PERCY and ROBERT BYRD (S. 2812) in the related affairs. She has been a journalist cern such as this one do not go un­ noticed. I join with the Carnegie Hero Senate, and by Congresswoman BARBARA for 40 years, the past 10 as a columnist JORDAN and myself (H.R. 11450) in the for the Southwest Wave. Ms. Cumber has Fund Commission in commending Den­ zel H. Lofgreen, a 28-year-old farmer House, with over 60 cosponsors. also been extremely active in the civil The President's bill, like our bill, calls rights movement and served as secretary from Norton, Kans., for this brave and unselfish act of heroism. for a comprehensive examination of Fed­ of the Beverly Hills-Hollywood branch of eral regulatory activities followed by con­ the NAACP for a decade. gressional action on reform plans for PASLA. will not be the first to recog­ each of the major sectors covered. Under nize Ms. Cumber's brilliance and dedica­ HARRY SHLAUDEMAN the President's bill, this would be carried tion. Ms. Cumber has only recently been out over a 4-year timetable. By the end of selected for inclusion in the next edition January in each of the years, the Presi­ of the prestigious "Who's Who of Amer­ HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON dent would send up his reform proposal. ican Women." In 1974, she was inducted If the House and Senate have not enacted into the Oakland Museum's Black Film­ OF :MASSACliUSETTS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES reform legislation by November 15, the makers' Hall of Fame and in 1967 was President's plan would become the pend­ presented with the Business Award by Thursday, May 13, 1976 ing order of business on the floor of each the Los Angeles Chapter of the National Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, the House and remain so until acted upon. Association of Negro Business and Pro­ Senate Select Committee on Intelligence The agenda for reform set by the Presi­ fessional Women. has confirmed that the Nixon admin­ dent's bill calls for consideration of Mr. Chairman, many tributes are cur­ istration sought in the early 1970's to un­ transportation and agriculture reform in rently being planned in commemoration dermine the duly elected government of 1977; mining, heavy manufacturing, and of the theatrical, journalistic and civic Salvador Allende in Chile. A key partici­ public utilities in 1978; light manufactur­ accomplishments of Ms. Cumber. I am pant in that effort was Harry Shlaude­ ing and construction in 1979; and com­ indeed pleased to join with the greater man, who was serving at the time as Dep­ munication, finance, insurance, real es­ Los Angeles community in honoring this uty Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy. tate, trade, and services in 1980. In his coura_geous, talented, and highly revered In 1970, when Ambassador Korry was au­ message to the Congress the President woman. thorized to encourage a military coup to has emphasized that, "This new program prevent Allende from coming to power, it · must not delay reform efforts now under­ was Shlaudeman who received the Am­ way." To quote further from the Presi­ CARNEGIE HERO FUND COMMIS- bassador's order .to determine what dent's message: SIO~ AW ARD TO DENZEL H. LOF- further steps the CIA might be taking in This new legislation is a complement not GREEN this direction. And yet, in spite of his ap- a. substitute for the on-going admln1strative parent knowledge of U.S. attempts to de­ improvements and legislative proposals I have already announced. My Adm1n1stration stroy Allende, Shlaudeman later denied will continue to press forward to reduce un­ HON. KEITH G. SEBELIUS repeatedly before congressional commit­ necessary and burdensome regulation, to cut tees that the United States had any such OF KANSAS back on government imposed paperwork and intention. red tape, to make administrative improve­ ·· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Yesterday this man, who helped to de­ ments wherever possible, and to obtain con- Thursday, May 13, 1976 stroy one of the world's most sophisti­ -gressional action on proposals for increased competition in regulated industries. · Mr. SEBELIUS. Mr. Speaker, last cated democracies and then lied about ~month, the Carnegie Itero Fund Com­ it to Congress and the public, was pro­ Mr. Speaker, I think it is important to miss1on of Pittsburgh, Pa., informed me moted by President Ford to the post of note that the President is no Johnny­ of. an awa.rd presentation that I would Assistant Secretary of State for Inter­ com~-lately to the regulatory reform -like to share with and com.mend to the American Affairs. This appointment is a cause. In fact, it was he who stimulated ,attention of my colleagues. slap in the face to our Latin American this whole debate back in October of neighbors and an undisguised insult to 1974 when he launched a major program The Carnegie Hero Fund Com.mission the Congress. It strongly suggests that of regulatory reform and made this one _awarded their Bronze Medal to Denzel this administration sees no real need for of the top priorities of his administration. H. Lofgreen of Norton, Kans. in recog­ change from the policies of covert inter­ Legislation has already been enacted to nition of his saving Jared C. Martin from vention pursued by its several predeces­ repeal fair trade laws, increase competi­ a burning building and suffocation in sors. tion in the securities industry, and elimi­ April of last year. · I intend to speak against the Shlaude­ nate outdated regulation of the railroads. It is with a sense of personal pride man appointment during the conflrm.a- Still pending in the Congress are the that I relate this account in that I am ·tion hearhigs of the Senate Foreign Rela­ _President's proposals to reform regula­ persortally acquainted with this fine tions Committee and_ I hope to be tion of our airlines, motor carriers and yotiilg man and his family in 'my home ·' joined by those of my colleagues who financial institutions. The momentum for '"community of Nort.on, Kans. : · share my sense of alarm at the arrogance regulatory reform has grown out of the . Penz.el was present when fire broke and deviousness of U.S. policy in this recognition that Government regulation out in a one-story frame house in Nor- hemisphere. _often produces excessive constraints on cxxrr--ss4-Part 11 14012 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 the economy by reducing competition, agenda for Government reform. I com­ power to dictate how each of us must live drving up costs, and overburdening the mend the President's remarks to the and work. regulated sectors with excessive paper­ attention of my colleagues. In our haste to say "the government ought to do something about that,'' we have allowed work requirements and unnecessary reg­ TEXT OF REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT TO BE DE­ an enormous Federal bureaucracy to be ulations. The regulatory bureaucracy has LIVERED AT "A BICENTENNIAL SALUTE TO established. grown like Topsy with little coordination SMALL BUSINESS,'' HYATT REGENCY HOTEL Since President Dwight D. Eisenhower left or thought to the adverse impact of some It is a great honor for me to join in this office, 236 departments, agencies, bureaus and of its demands on the economy and in­ Bicentennial salute to small business. I ap­ commissions have been created-and only 21 dividual freedom. preciate your very warm welcome. have been eliminated. While it is convenient to make the George Washington once wrote, "Let your We have more than a thousand different discourse with men of business be short and Federal programs, more than 80 regulatory faceless regulatory bureaucrats the chief comprehensive." agencies, and more than 100 thousand gov­ villains and scapegoats in this whole Like America, that advice 1s about 200 years ernment workers whose primary responsibil­ piece, the Congress cannot escape its old, but I think it's still pretty good. ity is to tell other Americans what the Con­ share of the blame for not fully antic­ In the earliest days of American history, gress has said they can and cannot do. ipating the impact of its legislative sxnall business men and women were among But even with all of this control, govern­ decisions which have fostered such regu­ the first to revolt against the tyranny and op­ ment has often proven to be clumsy and lations, or for not carefully exercising pression of a far-away government. ineffective in meeting many of America's Seeking the freedom to control their own most serious problems. close oversight once the programs are on lives and economic destinies, hundreds o! In fact, the rising cost and control of gov­ the statute books and the implementa­ merchants and shopkeepers and craftsmen ernment has itself become one of America's tion process has been set in motion. helped wage and win the fight for America's most serious problems-one I have already Mr. Speaker, ever since this whole reg­ independence. begun to attack. ulatory reform debate was kicked off in With that independence, small business has Government costs have added to inflation the fall of 1974, we have been bombarded played a xnajor role in building America to and reduced the investment and purchasing almost daily with our own rhetoric about greatness in the two centuries that have fol­ power of businessmen and individuals. the need to do something. Yet, the fact lowed. Government has developed an insatiable You account for 97 percent of all non-farm appetite for paper and red tape, and it is remains that very little has actually been businesses in America, for nearly half the choking the life out of free enterprise and done other than to :fill the CONGRESSIONAL gross national product, and nearly three­ indivtdual initiative in America. RECORD, our press releases, newsletters, fifths of all non-farm private employment. Government reporting requirements cost and speaking engagements, with all the About 100 mlllion Americans own, work for, small businesses in America 18 billion dol­ right words. While the pen might be or are supported by small business. ·lars a year. mightier than the sword, we have not yet As I said in my Sxnall Business Week proc­ With teams of lawyers and accountants to slain the bureaucratic dragon with our lamation earlier this year, "small businesses help, executives of large corporations may Bic pens, or drowned him in our ink, or are the cornerstone of the American be able to cope with these reporting require­ economy." ments. One oil company pays 475 people to deafened him by our cries of outrage. In To ensure that small business in America work full-time on preparing and filing gov­ the final analysis, our talk is cheap if it survives and thrives in the future, as it has ernment reports. is not backed up by appropriate action. in the past, I have proposed legislation to But small business executives must devote The President's bill, like our own regu­ raise the estate-tax exemption from 60,000 to many working days figuring out for them­ latory reform bill, would force the Presi­ 160,000 dollars, stretch out the payments at selves what each new government regulation dent and Congress to work in concert low interest rates over 25 years, and exempt may mean to their businesses. according to a set timetable to take the from taxation the transfer of your businesses It's time you got back to working for your appropriate action to overhaul our regu­ from husband to wife. customers instead of the government. And To help you obtain the capital you need to it's time the government minded its own latory bureaucracy and eliminate waste, grow and create the new jobs America needs, business for a while, and let you run yours. duplication, inefficiency, and costly and I have also proposed the retention of the The simple fact 1s that the government unnecessary regulations which are ham­ 60,000 dollar corporate surcharge exemption, has grown too large, too powerful, too costly, stringing our economy. Like our present a two percent reduction in the maximum too remote, and yet too deeply involved in congressional budget process, it would in­ corporate income tax rate, and a 33 percent the dally lives of the American people. stitute a form of self-discipline aimed at increase in the Sxnall Business Administra­ Today, as part of the Bicentennial salute correcting these long-neglected problem tion's major loan guarantee program. to small business, I am issuing a declaration ·And as Mitch Kobelinski a.nd others re­ of independence from the needless regula­ areas. tions of government, and I invite you all to Mr. dif­ ported earlier this week, the Ad.ministration Speaker, while there are some has developed: • join me in a new struggle for freedom in ferences between the President's bill and -a vigorous new small business export America. that which I introduced with Congress­ program; In fact, the struggle has already begun. In woman JORDAN-ours would be even --a national secondary market program to the past year, we have achieved the most sig­ tougher in its action forcing mechanism tap new private sources of funds for small nificant reform in government regulations in business; three decades. by terminating the powers of the affected At my urging, the Congress has passed agencies in the absence of affirmative --and a new partnership of government, small business and education to do !or small several important new laws which begin to congressional action on a reform plan­ reverse the trend of growing government ! business what a similar partnership has done think it is important to emphasize the for agriculture in the last hundred years: interference. similarities in approach and to at least I am very grateful for the hard work, the We have opened up competition in the se­ begin the necessary hearings on these sacrlfl.ce, the courage, the ingenuity, and the curities market for the first time since the alternatives now. It is obvious that if we economic strength you have contributed to major stock exchanges were established 200 are to embark on either of the timetables years ago. America-and this Bicentennial salute to the We have reduced the Interstate Commerce prescribed, both of which begin in 1977, small business men and women of America Commission's regulation of railroads for the we must act in this session to establish is very well deserved. first time since the creation of the agency in those timetables and lay the necessary As we enter our third century, America 1887. groundwork for reform. I again call on is faced again with fundamental choice of We have increased civil and criminal pen· the Government Operations Committee what kind of government--and how much alties for antitrust violations to ensure that government--we want. competition can flourish, and that there 18 to begin hearings on this comprehensive Like the patriots of 1776, we are concerned regulatory reform agenda. The American still freedom in the free enterprise system. about the power of government--the power The Congress 1s now considering additional people expect and deserve more than just to tax, the power to spend, the power to legislation I have proposed to reform regula­ election year rhetoric from the Congress. regulate. tions governing airlines, the motor carrier Mr. Speaker, at this point in the REc­ For the past forty years, since the darkest industry, and financial institutions. days of the Great Depression, those powers In addition to these regulatory reforms, ORD I am inserting the President's ad­ have been on the increase. dress today at the Bicentennial Salute to I have directed every agency o! the Federal When economic or social problems have Government to reduce by at least 10 percent Small Business here in Washington. In arisen, more and more people have turned the number of reporting forms it produces his remarks the President pays tribute more and more habitually to government for and requires of the American people-and to the major role played by small busi­ quick solutions. I have set a deadline of July first. I got a ness in our Nation's economic develop­ This growing reliance has, in turn, given progress report a couple of days ago which ment and he unveils his legislative the Federal Government more and more says that deadline will be met. But that i. May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14013 only the beg1nnlng of a project that ts long Here ls the agenda: wage rates and other conditions on construc­ overdue. In 1977 we will develop comprehensive re­ tion projects with more than $2,000 of federal I have also met with the heads of in­ form proposals tn transportation and agri­ funds involved. dependent regulatory agencies and asked for culture; in 1978, mining, heavy manufactur­ At the time of its passage, with the sup­ their support in reducing unneeded and ing, and publlc utlllties; in 1979, light man­ port, then and now, of the large labor unions, costly delays. ufacturing and construction; in 1980, com­ one of its purposes was to exclude black The results a.re already apparent: munications, finance, insurance and other workers from competing with white workers The Securities and Exchange Commission service industries. in construction training and employment. used to take about a year to hand down This comprehensive review will have four The waste and discrimination which resulted opinions. It ts down to about 45 da.ys now, major goals. has had a serious and negative effect on the and soon it will take 30 days. First, ensure that government policies do economy as well as on the advancement of The Small Business Adminlstration has not infringe unnecessarily on individual black workers. Just launched a pilot program that will re­ choice and initiative or in the free market­ The law requires minimum wages of as duce the processing time for loan guarantees place. much as $100 a day in the 4.5 million­ from a month or more to just 48 hours. Second, find better ways to achieve our employe construction industry, the nation's The Labor Department has reduced and valld economic, health and safety goals at largest. The President's Council of Economic simplified reporting requirements for small minlmal costs. Advisers has put itself on record as having pension funds, saving the small businessman Third, ensure that government policies and "long favored the removal of such restric­ and the government nearly one billion dol­ programs benefit the public interest rather tions as the Davis-Bacon Act." Arthur F. lars in yearly costs. than special interests. Burns, chairman of the Federal Reserve Sys­ A radio station in New Hampshire once And fourth, assure that regulatory pollcies tem, has said that, "It ls my Intention to use paid 26 dollars in postage alone just to mail are equitably enforced.. such influence as I have to encourage repeal an application to the Federal Communica­ This legislation was born of a common con-. of this act." tions Commission. Now that application has cern for regulatory reform within the Ad· Economist Walter Heller, hardly a con­ been reduced to one sheet of paper. ministration and the Congress. servative, argues, "A government that ls dead And while it once took six to eight weeks Senators Robert Byrd and Charles Percy serious about fighting inflation ought also, to get a license from the FCC to use a citizens and Representatives John Anderson and at long last ... to put an end to the laws, reg­ band radio, today a temporary license may be Barbara Jordan have been in the forefront ulations and practices that make government obtained at the time of purchase. I know. ln proposing regulatory reforms, and I took an accomplice in many cost and price-prop­ I asked "First Mama." forward to working with them to marshal ping actions, running from overregulation of Last Friday, I created temporary Presi­ broad, bl-partisan support and swift enact­ transportation rates and under-enforcement dential task forces to simplify and streamline ment of this bill. of anti-trust laws to fair trade iaws and the government regulations beginning with the This new initiative ls not, ln any way, in­ Davis-Bacon Act ... Such actions will step Federal Energy Administration and the Oc­ tended to delay reforms on which you have on the toes of ... well-heeled pressure groups cupational Safety and Health Administra­ every right to expect immediate action. ... but now ls the time to take those tion. My adminlstration will continue to reduce political risks." The Congress has given these agencies a unnecessary and burdensome regulations, to The Davis-Bacon Act directs the secretary Job to do, but they can do that Job without cut back on paperwork and red tape, to make of labor to set minimum-pay rates at the needlessly harassing the American business­ admintstrative improvements wherever pos­ level of prevailing wages ln the immecllate man----6nd I intend to see that they do. sible, and to get the congress to act on re­ area. Before a contractor can bid on a gov­ If you have any good suggestions on how form legislation already submitted. ernment Job, he ls told by Washington what to make these agencies work more effectively These are ambitious programs. But I am he must pay. These minimums have sky­ and more efficiently, I will certainly welcome certain that lf America's third century ls to rocketed over the years to the point where your id~. be the century of the lncllvidual, we must they no longer represent average rates but But all of us recognize that reducing take the first bold steps toward reducing the are simply union scales, imported from great paperwork and improving our regulatory influence of government ln our everyday llves distances. practices really amount to only treating the and reclaiming the freedom that ls our great­ Consider several examples: symptoms of more fundamental problems. est heritage. In Pittsburgh, a 500-unlt housing project, we need to stop Just scratching the sur­ As the proprietors of small business, you 40 per cent federally financed, was halted face, stop dealing in piecemeal approaches, possess those traits of lncllvldual initiative, when Washington in 1972 ruled that union stop merely moving agencies around or re­ self-reliance and creativity we prize so highly wage rates had to be paid. In that area, 90 naming them and for a change, stop long in America. per cent of all residential construction was enough to llsten to what American business Those traits have always been indispensa­ open-shop, at 40 per cent below union rates. and labor and consumers have to· say about ble characteristics of a free and dynamic This added $9,000 to the cost of each unit. things. and forward-looking people. I believe these In a remote non-union section of Georgia, What we need now ts an agenda for ac­ traits are stlll the dominant ones 1n Amer­ the Army Corps of Engineers estimated tt tion, a timetable for progress toward real ica. If they a.re, then our third century can would cost $40.6 million for the Carters Dam reform. only be greater than the two glorious cen­ flood control project. Government rulings We cannot untangle forty yea.rs' work of turies that have gone before. raised pay scales as much as 82 per cent in bureaucratic red tape overnight, but we can 22 months. After completion, the project cost at least set the process in motion. $106 mill1on-a cost overrun of 157 per cent. Because of the importance which I attach In Chlttendon County, Vt., roofers make to the small business community and be­ REPEAL THE DAVIS-BACON ACT $4 an hour and there ts not one union roofer cause you have sought these needed reforms in the county. Yet, the Labor Depa.rtmet so persistently and vigorously, I am taking imposed a $9.25 an hour minimum on local this occasion to announce that today I have contractors bidding for public-housing Jobs. sent to the Congress legtslation which will HON. BILL ARCHER In Albany, N.Y., local electricians charge $5.96 force action on fundamental regulatory re­ OF TEXAS an hour but Washington Insisted that con­ form ln each of the next four years. IN THE HOUSE OF REPR.F.SENTATIVES tractors pay them $8.62. In one typical case, This legislation would require the Presi­ the cost of a government-financed project dent to analyze the benefits and problems of Thursday, May 13, 1976 soared from $36,000 to $82,000. Federal regulations, and to make speclflc rec­ Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, our con­ According to the General Accounting Of­ ommendations for reform to the Congress. fice, with federally financed construction now And lt would give the Congress a binding cern with inflation should lead us to focus on the inflationary action by a running at about $40 bill1on a year, the obligation-and a specific deadline--to act Davis-Bacon Act ls costing taxpayers at least on those proposals. majority of Congress in applying the $1.5 blliion annually. Congress has expanded For example, 1f this law were tn force to­ Davis-Bacon Act provisions to construc­ the law no less than 63 times, now Including day, and I recommended, among other things, tion projects involving Federal funds. a variety of projects that are only partly fi­ that OSHA inspectors be directed to give ad­ This action adds to the cost of projects nanced by government. vice and assistance to your business, rather and this cost is paid for by the taxpayers. than Just handing out fines, the Congress The evils of Davis-Bacon spread rapidly to couldn't bury those proposals; and they I would like to enter into the RECORD an non-government construction. In adclltion, couldn't Just talk them to death. Both the excellent column by Mr. Allan C. Brown­ the act cllscriminates against minorities and Bouse and Senate would be required to act feld entitled "Davis-Bacon Act Wasting veterans by 11mitlng the number of trainees allowed, enforcing rigid age and educational on these proposals within nine and a half Billlons": standards, and excluding the use of helpers months. DAVIS-BACON Acr WASTING BILLIONS Furthermore, the bfil calls upon the Presi- ln major trades. This reduces job opportu­ (By Allan C. Brownfeld) nities and community benefits and, as the dent to ask ·your advice on realistic reform. National Association of Minority Contractors and because actlon ls assured, lt w1ll be In 1931 Congress passed a law without understanding what its long run effects recently declared ". . . unemployment worth the investment of your own ttm.e and among black males in cities with populations thought. would be. The Davis-Bacon Act establishes 14014 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 over 100,000 is 19.7 per cent. In these same available to older people in need and public concern, manifested in the size cities, construction requirements are not be­ have discouraged developers of new and widespread membership of organiza­ ing met . . . The large pool of idle labor units, who fear that the fair market tions throughout the country. Soil ero­ cannot be used and/or trained because of the restrictions of the Davis-Bacon Act. Welfare rental will not be sufficient to support sion, massive clearcuts, clogged rivers, is inflationary. Recommendation: suspension the projects' operating costs and debt and dying salmon are not figments of of Davis-Bacon Act requirements." service. Further, our report stressed the imaginative minds. Such problems must If it is so clear that the Davis-Bacon Act need to use section 8 to stimulate new be addressed through adequate, coherent is inflationary, that it is costing taxpayers construction. reforms. billions of dollars, discriminating against Thus, I am particularly gratified by The following two articles, which I minorities and having adverse effects on pri­ the committee's action that would au­ insert in the RECORD, stress two separate, vate construction, why isn't it repealed? The fact is that it is supported by the AFL-CIO thorize subsidy payments for up to 1 year but interrelated problems in our national which hopes, in the long run, to eliminate beyond the 60-day period in an amount forest management-that of the growing all non-union employment in the construc­ equal to the debt service attributable to use of technicians and computers in de­ tion industry and which has received en­ a vacant unit if, first, the project was not termining areas suitable for cutting and couragement by a Democratic Congress covered by a mortgage insured by FHA­ regeneration, and the inclusion of road­ which is afraid to act contrary to the wishes other than under a coinsurance program; less areas in the establishment of allow­ of labor, as evidenced by the recently passed second, the project was approved under able cut. common situs picketing bill, long a goal of section 8 as a newly constructed or sub­ The theme found in both is that with­ labor leaders. Even so strong a friend of labor as the New stantially rehabilitated project; third, a out good laws to restrict the misuse of York Times commented, "It is a measure of good faith effort is being made to fill the current loose guidelines, the future pro­ distorted priorities that Congress has seen unit; fourth, the unit provides decent, ductivity of our national forests is ques­ fit this year to push through a long-disputed safe, and sanitary housing; and fifth, the tionable. I urge my colleagues to read bill making it easy for building trade unions cash flow of the project as a whole does these articles carefully. to shut down an entire construction site not exceed cash expenses. I also support The articles follow: when any single union has a dispute with and am in full agreement with the Hous­ [From the Missoulian (Missoula, Mont.), even one subcontractor. Such vast expansion Aug. 5, 1975] of the right to picket ... was not demanded ing Authorization Act of 1976 report by the rank and file ... Rather, the pressure which directs HUD to modify its contract PAINFUL ELABORATION OF THE OBVIOUS originated with the leaders of the building rent procedures to establish realistic One important and inescapable fact con­ trades unions who increasingly have seen monthly rents under section 8 to encour­ cerning our western forests presents itselfff their monopolistic control over construction age new construction and rehabilitation i.e., enormous areas a.re clearcut or otherwise workers slip away ... It is no contribution to of existing units. denuded by insects, fire. A second fact is either union democracy or union responsibil­ My subcommittee's report also recom­ there is little or no regeneration, and ity to give succor to these unions by increas­ planted seedlings are dead or dying. ing their abllity to coerce non-union work­ mended that the authorization for sec­ These conclusions have come to the front ers ..." tion 202 be increased to an aggregate of my consciousness through 30 years of log­ The Davis-Bacon Act should be repealed. level of up to $2.5 billion for a 3-year ging, lumbering, hunting, fishing, camping period. I am happy to see that this bill and hiking. I also have a Bachelor of Science (H.R. 12945) would increase the author­ degree in forestry from the University of ization for the 202 direct loan program Montana. ROYBAL'S STATEMENT ON: THE by $2 .5 billion to an aggregate level of It is necessary to mention the degree to HOUSING AUTHORIZATION ACT establish myself as an expert. I once noted a $3.3 billion which would be spread over decline in the elk population and quality of OF 1976 (H.R. 12945) a 3-year period. According to testimony hunting and couldn't comment (with only 30 presented before the Subcommittee on years of outdoor experience). Someone always Housing and Consumer Interests, a mini­ would say, "Thirty years of flushing toilets HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL mum of 100,000 units need to be built per doesn't make you a plumber." OF CALIFORNIA year to meet the housing needs of the Therefore, as we struggle through inter­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Nation's elderly. Thus, the committee's minable scientific studies, investigations, Thursday, May 13, 1976 action is a strong step toward solving this experiments and surveys the years go by and problem. by and by. More acreage is cut, burned, ea.ten Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, during the or otherwise destroyed and forgotten. last few months, the Select Committee I am pleased to suppart H.R. 12945 and It isn't really forgotten, the computer here on Aging's Subcommittee on Housing its accompanying report, and I commend at Region One can instantaneously determine the leadership and members of the Bank­ that 283.46 acres on a 32.4 per cent southeast and Consumer Interests, which I have ing, Currency and Housing Committee slope ,at an elevation of 3,274.4 feet was logged the privilege of chairing, has heard over for working s_o capably for this legisla­ between May 1, 1970, and Oct. 1, 1970, that 122 witnesses and surveyed 6 national tion. the slash was broadcast burned and the en­ housing organizations which had tire area replanted to Douglas Fir and West­ examined and/or evaluated HUD's im­ ern Larch in the spring of 1972 by a. private plementation of section 8 and section 202. THE MISUSE OF OUR NATIONAL contractor. A multitude of facts regurgitated As a result of this, the subcommittee in at the touch o! a button. FORESTS Mind boggling efficiency. Super maximiza­ March 1976, issued a report entitled tion and utilization of scientific technologi­ "Elderly Housing Ov-erview: HUD's In­ cal and industrial knowhow and expertise to action," which includes 14 recommenda­ HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. achieve ultimate profit maximizing and in­ tions for action by Congress. OF CALIFORNIA sure absolute compliance with forestry ob­ I am very pleased to see that the Com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES jectives. mittee on Banking, Currency and Hous­ May I elaborate on computers in forestry? ing has incorporated three of these rec­ Thursday, May 13, 1976 The computers work with near 100 per cent accuracy. However, may I relate my experi­ ommendations in the Housing Authoriza­ Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak­ ence with the on-ground application. tion Act of 1976 (H.R. 12945). er, there is a tendency on the part of On a district 1n Ida.ho my job was updating The subcommittee's report recom­ legislators involved in a complicated con­ the computer printout that arrived from Re­ mended that section 8's present 60-day sideration of new reforms to become im­ gion 1 (Missoula.) . I spent 30 days gradually limitation of the subsidy on unoccupied mersed in technical ties. Though such becoming familiar with this two-by-two foot units be extended to at least cover the particulars are very important, especially catalog of numbers and codes. Super-duper debt services accruing to that particular in the discussion of national forest tim­ bra.in staggering, factual, undeniable, scien­ 11nit, since the present limitation on ber management practices which re­ tific and profess1ona.l data.. The forester pre­ unoccupied units does not provide suf­ quires scientific and managerial input, it ceding me, and an expert at reading this computer Jargon, worked on the Job for six ficient incentive or security to the is very important that we scrutinize that months and was then tra.nsferted to a com­ lender. In addition, our report asked that evidence which points out many cases pletely unrelated Job on a. d11ferent forest. a reevaluation of the fair market rentals of mismanagement of our public forest. From :this printout you go to a large book be undertaken. The problem has been The Congress is considering timber man­ o! maps which contain a multitude o! col­ that the ceilings established in some agement reforms because of this very ored symbols. F'or example, choosing a small areas have made existing housing un- evidence and the pressures of growing 20-a.cre clear-cut I noticed there· were black May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14015 Xs, red dots, blue cross-hatches, orange cir­ cutting back on men who understand the ceded multiple use unit planning at the local cles, and green checks, and others-all on the outdoors; hiring mathematics, business, and level, according to the conservation groups. 20-acre map which measured about eight-by­ accounting majors; hiring computer tech­ By planning timber sales within roadless eight inches. nologists and public information specialists; areas, the groups claim that the agency is Quickly ( four hours) I determined the pampering gentle sophisticated men and violating the court order in Sierra Club v. area. had been logged, the slash burned, skid women knowledgeab1e in office politics, in­ Butz, which ordered the Forest Service to trails erosion barred and planted to grass and nuendo, the quick and witty, the suave, the undertake individual environmental impact the following spring the entire 20 acres had abstract, and the pseudo-abstract. statements (EIS's) on actions which might been hand planted to Douglas Fir by a pri­ It is clear and has been for several years erode the wilderness characteristics of the vate contractor. This being my first actual that we need less efficiency, less profit, less areas. Since the settlement, the Forest Serv­ application of computer technology to for­ scientific research, less knowledge, less so­ ice has stated that EIS's will be prepared estry, I was quite impressed. phistication and abstraction; that foresters through the unit planning process. I wanted to see this area first hand-to in attempting to become more professional "More importantly," says Ted Tomasi, di­ witness the regeneration of a small but im· by absorbing, chameleonlike, the accouter­ rector of the COSC Wilderness Workshop, portant logged area. Colored symbols and ments of the other professions and scientific "these planners have all included timber their significance raced through my head. I disciplines becomes less professional because within the roadless areas in their total tim­ ignored my blinding headache. the application of laboratory, classroom and ber inventory. This raises the allowable cut I asked the ranger where this area was. test tube theory does not and wm not apply for ea.ch forest and insures that some time "What 20-acre clearcut?" he repUed. I said, in the field, to biotic conditions, which only in the future, timber wlll have to be har­ "That little clearcut up Wlliow Creek." Call­ foresters understand. vested in the roadless areas to maintain ing the assistant ranger, he said, "Walt, do We need massive input of dollars, to plant, the sustained yield." you know anything about a 20-acre clearcut replant, and plant again. We need crews of To remove these areas from the timber up Willow Creek?" boys, girls, men and women paid for a job growing base at a later date wlll violate the "I think Del handled something up there well done and not by number of trees per hour "non-declining yield" policy of the Forest in '67 or '68." Walt then called in to Barbra planted. We need tankers, pumpers, pipes Service. Hence, the conservationists claim, the secretary, who had been on the district and hoses on every clearcut or opening to ir­ they are in a "catch-22" situation which for 14 years and was considered invaluable rigate by hand, if necessary, the seedlings in prejudices all future consideration of wilder­ for training rangers and assistant rangers. the first critical year or two during the broil­ ness protection for these areas. "Barbra, do you know anything about a 20· ing summer months. Something on the order The effects of the plans on the roadless acre clearcut up Willow Creek?" of that enormous boondoggle of that Forest areas ls not the only issue raised by the "Yes, Del handled that sale just before he Service organized in the 1930s and 1940s, appeal, however. Each timber plan is followed was transferred, Brauer logged that in 1968 the blister rust campaign, in which we were by an EIS which the conservationists claim a.nd Del burned it that fall. Angstrom put supposed to pull every ribes (gooseberry and is in violation of the National Environmental the fire line in and the slash was so thick currant,) in the Northwest, root and all, and Policy Act. According to the complaint, the Del broadcast burned the entire area in hang it up to dry. timber plans "were not drawn up with en­ about an hour. It did get away and burned This job cannot be done at a profit or on a vironmental concerns as an integral part of an acre or so on the uphlll side but it turned balanced budget. The timber base is gone. the planning process. Rather, the plans were out all right. Then Gustafson and his crew This is a basic natural resource and is re­ devised and EIS's subsequently written to contract planted it the spring of 1969. It is justify the plans and meet a require­ boggy and should have had Spruce planted newable. It ls far too precious to allow its continued destruction. It is also too valuable ment.... " but we could only get Douglas fir. Bob went Tomasi stresses that the groups are not in just before he was transferred and did a to allow any legislation or decisions concern­ ing its management to be influenced by prof­ against timber harvesting but rather are rodent survey and control in 1970, after they in favor of adequate multiple use planning fixed that bridge that was washed out. The it-conscious, efficiency-minded, businesslike, which will consider long term resources. road is in terrible shape but you can get accountant-brained forest managers. "The short term gains for some timber com­ through with the power wagon, if they have We could start by hiring as supervisors panies involve the harvest of very marginal that front universal fixed." farmers and gardeners and those foresters stands of timber which won't even pay for Walt then said, "How do you get up there, with a dedication and inclination to the the road construction. Public subsidies have Barbra?" biotic community. We could leave our rangers to pay for that. But we haven't begun to Drive up Willow Creek five miles, take that and assistant rangers on their districts long measure the potential long term loss if the steep road to the right and follow it as far enough for them to know intimately their remainlng wilderness is destroyed," he says. as you can," said Barbra. areas. The brain of a human is equal in size Tomasi feels that intensive ma.n.a.gement Walt said, "Were you up there?" to a computer the size of the Empire State of a few productive, easily accessible sites "No, I've never been up Willow Creek," said Building, powered by Hoover Dam. I believe would make more sense economically than Barbra. a ranger can keep track of all details of his the practice of building roads and logging Thanking the ranger for his help, I drove district, with the help of his secretary. the more marginal, less accessible wilderness up to the little clearcut. A desolation of bro­ We don't need as custodians of our previous areas. "But that is an alternative which the ken, hollow cedar logs and stumps met my land those who bend and sway and dance to EIS's don't even consider," he says. eye, the logs pointed crazily in all directions, peculiar tunes and obey directives issued Three Wyoming forests within Region 2, including up. Limbs from top to bottom from Secretary of Agriculture Earl Butz, the Bighorn, Shoshone, and Medicine Bow, lifted some of the logs completely off the which clearly state: "Keep your mouth shut." have also recently completed timber plans. ground. Like their Colorado counterparts, these plans Struggling through the area it was obvious FOREST SERVICE TIMBER PLANS ATTACKED have preceded multiple use unit planning. nothing was growing that had been planted. (By Tim Mahoney) David W. Griffith, the lawyer representing Here and there a scragglly Uttle cedar was the conservationists, ls investigating the attempting to straighten itself up and grow. Three conservation groups are pushing to possib111ty of adding the Wyoming forests Muddy skid trails still vomited their load prevent piecemeal timber planning in the na­ to the appeal. In the meantime, he has sug­ of dirt, sand, rock and gravel on to the road tional forests. gested in a letter accompanying the com­ and into the creek. . The groups recently filed a detailed state­ plaint that the regional forester also recon­ In the middle of a hollow stump one of the ment attacking the approach of timber plans sider these plans. contractors had hidden a bundle of seedlings, in five national forests in Colorado. Wllder­ under a log was another bundle. Clumps of ness Resources Institute, the Colorado Open little seedlings protruded from shallow holes. Space Council (COSC), and the University of Colorado Wilderness Study Group began the The preceding account is an actual experi­ appeal process last September soon after POSTAL REFORM NEEDED ence of mine and I have others. (I have one plans submitted by the Arapaho, Grand story I entitle "The Incredible Expanding Mesa-Uncompahgre, Gunnison, Rio Grande, Clearcut." This is the story of four, 100-acre, and Routt National Forests were approved HON. JAMES ABDNOR adjoining clearcuts oddly turning into one, by Regional Forester Wlliiam J. Lucas. OF SOUTH DAKOTA 400-acre clearcut.) All of the plans propose increases in tim­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES What I have related is the truth. This is ber cutting operations and road building. the application of pure science. The utlliza­ Four of the plans propose timber sales within Thursday, May 13, 1976 tion of computer technology, mathematics, roadless areas which were not selected for Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, on May 4 and miscellaneous other unrelated disciplines further wilderness study by the Forest Serv­ such as business, acounting and public rela­ ice in its recent roadless area review. The I testified before the Subcommittee on tions. three original appellants have been joined Postal Service of the Committee on Post Repeat this a hundred or a thousand times, by two additional organizations, Friends of Office and Civil Service concerning postal combined with transferring rangers, assist­ the Earth and the Wilderness Society. reform and its effects in rural America. ant rangers, cutting back on hiring foresters, In Colorado and throughout the Forest I would like to share some of my thoughts cutting back on forest practice legislation, Service's Region 2, timber planning has pre- with my colleagues: 14016 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976

POSTAL REFORM a. Sena.rte postal subcommittee, testified that Service to fully consult with any local com­ Mr. Chairman, members of the House 186 postal facllirties had been closed during munity before any change in service or sta­ Postal Service Subcommittee, I am pleased to the current fiscal year and an.other 1,000 were tus takes place within that community. present testimony concerning the Postal under consideration. The amount of savings In addition to this, I would hope further Service in general, and the ramifications of resulting in the closure of these 186 post of­ consideration would be given to legislation policy decisions 1n particular, upon rural fices was $2 m1Uion. That ls only $2 m1111on such as that which I recently introduced Anlerica. in a budget of a.pproxtmately $12.9 blllion concerning rural postal closings. This bill, I have watched with great attentiveness a.nnua.Uy--.a. saving a.mounting to less than H.R. 12864, provides for a mandatory refer­ and concern what seems to be a deteriora­ two hundredths of one percent! This minus­ endum, whereby all postal patrons of a fa.­ tion in both image and function of the U.S. cule a.mount of savings in comparison to the clllty in question would be surveyed as to Postal Service. Along with the increasing con­ entire postal budget seems a very high price their choice of actual service. troversy surrounding the policy decisions on to pay in loss of service and responsibility These choices would include maintaining rural postal facilities, these problems of serv­ to our individual citizens who a.re adversely their present postal fa.clllty. A ma.jorty of the ice or the lack of it have led to my people affected by closures. postal patrons surveyed would have to ap­ being gravely concerned about the future of The small savings of this proposal become prove a change in status or service before the Postal Service and what kind of an ad­ even less significant when we examine the such service would be enacted. These sur­ verse impact this wlll have on their daily Ia.test pay raise in the United States Postal veys would be verified by the local post­ lives. Workers Union contract. This contract in­ master, and the final results would be cer­ It is clearly evident to most people that volves some 600,000 employees. They were tified to the United States Postmaster Gen­ we have debated long enough the problems provided a $250 increase in their basic annual eral. created by the financial crisis and quality of salary on March 21, 1976. Another increase in Presently, the Postal Service conducts sur­ service afflicting the Postal Service. I realize salary is slated for November 21, 1976, equal­ veys where a postal facility is in question, the complexities involved in this issue. But it ling an additional $250. Another increase but the survey can be quite misleading. It is time for Congress to determine which di­ equalling $600 in basic annual salary is actually only indicates to the individual as rection the Postal Service should go and clar­ scheduled on July 21, 1977, under this con­ to his preference of an alternative service. ify once and for all the concept of the Postal tract. It should also be noted that there These patrons have only the choices of a Service and what it can and should do. ls a cost of living increase included within delivery service or a non-personnel com­ I think the vehicles for accomplishing this the contra.ct in addition to these pay raises. munity post office. Nowhere in the survey are found in the legislation your committee Just one salary increase of $250 per work­ does one have the opportunity to indicate is or will be reviewing today and in the er provides a $150 million increase in postal that they prefer keeping their postal facil­ coming weeks. costs-75 times more than closing 186 post ity status the same. A vital issue for me and my constituents offices wlll save. And think what the figure The Postal Service allegedly bases its con­ concerns the commitment by Congress re­ ls when all of the salary increases are pro­ clusions as to what form of service will be lating to the functioning of rural post of­ vided-but we a.re told closing post offices ls rendered upon the outcome of the surveys fices. Public Law 91-375, enacted in 1970, the way to solve deficit problems of the within a community. However, I submit, Mr. provides, in part: Postal Service! Chairman, that these survey results can be "The Postal Service shall provide a maxi­ In viewing these figures, ls it little wonder misleading and interpreted incorrectly by mum degree of effective and regular postal that personnel costs represent 85 percent of the Postal Service. service to rural area communities and small the Postal Service budget? But they a.re go­ Many of my constituents in communities towns where post offices are not sustaining. ing to get us in the black by trimming the tn my district have b~ome very angry upon No small post office shall be closed because remaining 15 percent costs. How ridiculous! seeing a sample of these surveys. Among of a deficit, it being the specific intent of the It does not take an experienced accountant those communities are Pringle, Vale, Smith­ Congress that effective postal services be as­ to assess the enormous impact these salary wick, and Mission Ridge, to mention a few. sured to the residents of both urban and increases have on the budget. These cumula­ Certainly these are small communities. Like rural communities." (Emphasis added.) tive payroll increases dwarf and make ob­ large cities, however, the people in these The Postal Service cannot be run entirely scure the small savings found in postal communities also have basic needs and they as a self-sufficient business and provide the closings. should not be penalized or denied services service we expect from it today. If the Postal Postal f

franchisor. It is one thing to require service that "to pressure small businessmen into ever charts, photographs and advice to improve my station opera.tors to keep the bathrooms increasing gas sales for maximum profits morals ("lay off' smoking, drinking and over­ clean or to wash the windshields, but it is runs directly contrary to our national goal eating"), I was disappointed that I had read another matter to fix prices or to instruct of energy conservation." nothing a.bout wire-tapping or even trading the dealer to cut his profit margin on the FEA refused to seek an injunction, draft choices you don't happen to own. business. It is wrong. although administrative action was taken I finally realized that Allen was just too These practices are bad enough, but the that helped document the pressures Crown smart to share his cloak-and-dagger tech­ problem is worse. The vertically integrated had used against its dealers to increase sales niques with everyone. It is one thing to re­ international corporations are attempting to and fix prices. This documentation was help­ veal that the Redskins spend $3000 for fruit extend their market share of the retail mar­ ful to the dealers, who obtained an injunc­ every training camp, but quite another mat­ ket by taking control of some of the most tion against termination through civil action ter to tell the rest of the National Football profitable service stations. The operator, a in federal court at their own expense. There League exactly how to acquire an advance truly small businessman invests his capital should have been standards for service sta­ copy of your opponent's game plan. and his hard work and earns customer loy­ tion franchise termination which would have "The more information a football team has alty through competitive prices and good enabled a speedy and fair resolution. about the opponent, the greater chance for service. But then after the work and invest­ Mr. Chairman, Crown Central may not victory," Allen wrote in a section with the ment have begun to pay off' the station earns care a.bout the people who run their fran­ code name of "Scouting." a good profit, the international corporation chises, but I do. Mr. Robert Bayliss described With help from freelance writer Don Weis­ terminates the lease or refuses to extend it. kopf, Allen comes across like the NFL's first his firm and what he thought about big oil. candidate for sainthood since Vince Lom­ Not only does the little guy lose his business "I took the station from 80,000 to 325,000 but we all lose. Sure we have heard the claims bardi. The book totally ignores the under­ gallons a month. When I began, the place handed methods for which Allen is notorious. by the big vertically integrated oil com­ was dirty, crummy. The bathrooms had never panies: "We are more efficient. We have more Aside from being hypocritical, the book is expertise." That is their rationale for extend­ been washed. Now we give good service to the occasionally untruthful. ing their control of the market--but we all community. It seems that once they see you "When his team loses, George is reluctant know what happens when an industry be­ making some money they want to come in to blame anybody but himself," former Notre comes monopolized--or monopolized to an and take over. If these companies take over Dame coach Ara Parseghian wrote in the even greater extent. What happens to this these stations it is going to be just one big foreword. Indeed, we can all remember how efficiency of monopoly? There is no compe­ mo~opoly and the customer will pay in tha reluctant Allen was to blast the officials for tition to force prices down. There is no com - end." the Redskins' sudden-death loss to the Cardi­ petition to require quality service. There is Mr. Bayliss and his fellow Crown dealers nals last season. less incentive for innovation. should not have had the headache of fighting Detailed and complex yet often rehashing On April 22, 1975, I introduced a similar lease termination. This bill will set standards the obvious, the $14.95 book tells you every­ bill to the one before this Committee. My to prevent the corporations from acting with­ thing you've always wanted to know about bi11, H.R. 6266, the Fair Marketing of Pe­ out ca.use. And if the corporation does try to football, including such essential informa­ troleum Products Act, would prohibit the ignore the law, remedy is available to the tion as the Redskins' fight song and how to major oil companies from canceling or fall­ franchise to go to court and fight to keep blow your whistle during practice. The book ing to renew franchises unless the retailer his business. And when he gets to court, he is a primer for some isolated high school has failed to comply substantially with re­ has a. fair cha.nee. that just recently heard of football's exist­ quirements of the lease, and prevent cancel­ And we have a fair chance to avoid further ence. Unfortunately, Allen doesn't always lations of leases without specific findings in monopolization of the retail market of petro­ practice what he preaches. court that dealers failed to meet contractual leum products. Under "Public Relations," Allen wrote, "It arrangements. This is a good bill. It helps the small busi­ is in the best interests for the coach and his I strongly endorse the concept of dealer nessman keep his business and it helps keep program to cooperate to the fullest extent protection to give the independent dealer a the industry competitive. when dealing with the press ... be honest fair footing with the franchisor. Legal stand­ I would like to thank the Chairman and and fair . . . never use the media as a prop­ ards for termination and nonrenewal are the Committee for considering this bill. I aganda. or psychological tool . . . admit needed. No branded independent wants a fel­ hope that the whole House will soon have newsmen to the dressing room as soon as low independent of the same brand to dam­ the opportunity to consider this legislation. possible after the game ... invite reporters age the brand reputation with poor service. to attend practice sessions." There are poor operators, so there must be a As any reporter who has blown a deadline procedure to preserve the brand reputation covering the Redskins knows, Allen seldom by eliminating the inefficient businessmen. cooperates with the press unless he wants However, the franchisor should not be al­ GEORGE ALLEN PEP TALKS to use the media for selfish reasons such as lowed to extend market power, assume the falsifying injury reports or ma.king state­ more profitable stations, or use the threat of ments intended to fire up his players. His termination or nonrenewal for coercion. Un­ HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE practice field is padlocked and guarded, and bridled corporate power protects the mighty; OF MISSOURI reporters a.re invited to stay away. fair standards protect the brand, the inde­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In the preface, Allen said the book "is de­ pendent dealers, and the consumer. signed for coaches on all levels-Pop Warner, Service station opera.tors need to have Thursday, May 13, 1976 interscholastic, collegiate and professional." the opportunity to go to court to seek relief Irt is scary to imagine some little league coach to enforce the fair standards. The opera.tor Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, in view taking Allen's winning-is-everything philos­ deserves a "dealers day in court." It is im­ of the intense interest locally in the ophy and forcing it on . impressionable portant that the ground rules be established Washington Redskins and occasional youngsters. so as to guarantee dealers a fair and equit­ congressional proposals for investiga­ To help these coaches lead their players able treatment by their suppliers. That is not tions on their behalf, I am sure my col­ down the straight and narrow, Allen has so much to ask. leagues will appreciate this review of included his "Ten Commandments." They are Mr. Chairman, I became intimately aware George Allen's "Handbook for Winning not chiseled in stone but are listed on page of the need for this type of legislation last Football": XXIII. Some examples: "Football comes spring when Crown Central Petroleum first;" "If you can accept defeat and open terminated the franchises of several station GEORGE ALLEN PEP TALKS LEAVE BOOK REvrEWER GASPING your pay envelope without feeling guilty, operators in Northern Virginia. No reason was then you a.re stealing;" "Leisure time ls that given for the franchise termination, but the (By Jeff' Meyers) five or six hours when you sleep at night," reason is obvious. The dealers had earlier George Allen has worked d111gently to de­ and "You must accomplish things in life; received "requests" to set a certain price, velop a reputation for foul play, and I didn't otherwise you a.re like the paper on the coupled with a "reminder" that leases would think he could write a ponderous manual wall." be coming due in a short period. For re­ entitled "Handbook of Winning Football" fusing to sacrifice their business independ­ Is football that important? According to without mentioning some of the more well­ ls. ence, they were told that their leases would known deeds that have contributed to h1s Allen, it "Coaching football is the great­ be terminated. success as coach of the Washington Redskins. est profession in the world," he wrote. Other I ask<1d Frank Zarb, Administrator of FEA, As I skimmed through such beguiling sec­ examples: "A 100 per cent effort is not to seek an immediate injunction against tions as "Eight Dumb Ways to Get Clobbered enough" and "anyone who is a 9-to-5 person Crown's "arbitrary decision (representing) on Defense," and "Ta.king the Snap," I kept 1s not dedicated enough." an unfair and retaliatory action against in- expecting to find an exciting chapter on the The most incredibly pretentious pa.rt of the dependent retailers, (which) will work to author's views about espionage and counter­ book is the section on "Sample Pep Talks." the detriment of consumers." I also wrote to intelligence, or at least a rundown on the best Allen has been accused by former players of Crown Vice President for Marketing, J. I. places to watch practice without being ti.ling inspirational messages and later re­ Loving and urged Crown to "cease any spotted. citing them through tears at halftime. The actions which tend to fix prices,'' stating After 467 pages of instructional diagrams, handbook offers Pep Talks To Be Delivered May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14023 Before the Game, Right Before Kickoff, At What the deputy secretary seems to be which he trains 12 Scouts in the science Halftime (With Team Behind) and After the telling us is that the canal wlll be more se­ of auto mechanics. Whatever road these Game. cure under the sovereignty of the Republic of young men follow in the future, they Allen even includes stage directions in Pana.ma than under ours. He is saying that will always have this knowledge and parentheses. For instance, after the day-be­ Pana.ma can keep the canal open for non­ fore-the-game pep talk, "All the players discriminatory commerce, at reasonable skill to fall back upon and to keep shout together and slap their hands in uni­ prices. Is he also saying it is doubtful the themselves from becoming burdens on son." For the coach who hasn't had drama.tic U.S. can? society. This is a foresight uncommonly training, Allen instructs him to be "low We do not agree that a willingness to ne­ seen and Scotty's selfless efforts to help key" during his post-game chat. gotiate away U.S. control of the canal shows the citizens who will shape and mold I didn't know that coaches still gave pre­ either wisdom or strength on the part of the our future are truly commendable. game pep talks to grown men such as the Ford Administration. The majority of Amer­ Scotty and his wife, Mae, reside at one Allen suggests. Maybe it's for the Pop icans regard the insistence by some that we 23214 Ocean Avenue in Torrance and Warner set: "Man, this is a club that can give away the canal as bowing to the pres­ operate their own business in the city of really hit! They will be out there to hit sure of Third World nations which have no you! So, if we are going to win, we wlll have interest in the matter except to see the wings Lawndale. to take it out of them. of the world's greatest nation clipped. For all his unselfish contributions to "This means you have to be 40 mean In our opinion the canal question is a the society in which he moves and works, tigers out there. You will have to hit and legitimate issue which the people would like I am, as others are, proud that he was hit 'em hard! You're gonna have to run, debated. Reagan ls right in continuing to given the honor of Lawndale Man of the block and tackle! Explode into your man! I:t push it as an issue. Year. It is justly deserved. you do that, I have no doubt about the out­ May the record of our country show come of the game." that on this day the fine community In the last section, Allen reveals how emo­ spirit exhibited by Scotty Mizukami was tionally involved he ls with football: "I'm LAWNDALE MAN OF THE YEAR sometimes ill after a bad practice-I just duly honored. can't help myself." I felt the same way after reading this book. HON. CHARLES H. WILSON OF CALIFORNIA TRAVEL FUNDS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, May 13, 1976 THE PANAMA CANAL, A LEGITIMATE HON. GLADYS NOON SPELLMAN ISSUE Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Cali­ OF MARYLAND fornia. Mr. Speaker, at this time I wish IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to call the attention of our country to HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. an outstanding American and citizen of Thursday, May 13, 1976 the city of Lawndale, Mr. Scotty Mizu­ Mrs. SPELLMAN. Mr. Speaker. In re­ OF vmGINIA kami, and appropriately recognize his cent weeks, newspaper articles have IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES many deeds for those of his community called attention to the fact that several Thursday, May 13, 1976 which I am proud to represent as Con­ local Members of Congress have made use of the $2,250 in travel funds al­ Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, Jr. Mr. Presi­ gressman for California's 31st District. dent, I ask unanimous consent to have Scotty Mizukami has been a dedicated lotted annually for transportation to and member of the Lawndale Rotary Club from their congressional districts and printed in the RECORD an excellent edi­ Washington. torial from the Northern Virginia Daily and has served on the board of directors of May 12, 1976, captioned "The Panama for 5 years. As Youth Services director I wish to state for the record that I Canal, A Legitimate Issue." James J. for 3 years, his was a prime force in es­ have never withdrawn these funds and tablishing the Interact Club at Lawn­ that I have no intention of doing so in Crawford is the editor. dale High School and the Rotoract Club the future. There being no objection, the editorial There are unique advantages to rep­ was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, of El Camino College. He was the origi­ nator of the Lawndale Rotary float resenting a congressional district which as follows: which is to this day used in the Lawndale is located close to Washington, and being THE PANAMA CANAL, A LEGITIMATE lsSUE Youth Day Parade. able to live in my own home is one of Deputy Secretary of Defense William Clem­ The children of the community, as them. Through my "Open Door" sessions ents has tried to mollify the American people within the communities and my daily by assuring us that in any treaty the U.S. well as the needy, have his spirited at­ State Department may eventually sign with tention at Christmas when he dons his meetings with groups and individuals, Panama concerning the Panama Canal and Santa outfit and delivers good things I have the distinct advantage of having the Canal Zone, the U.S. will retain the gathered by the South Bay 25 Club for close communication with my constit­ "fundamental" and "continuing" right to those less fortunate. uents. My situation contrasts greatly defend the canal. As president-elect of the Lawndale with colleagues from California and Clements' statement was intended as a di­ Chamber of Commerce, the business Kansas, for instance, who must travel to rect answer to Ronald Reagan who has in­ community has always benefited from their districts each weekend to receive sisted upon making what he terms the canal the input I receive 7 days a week. "giveaway" a campaign issue. President Ford his service. He has given much atten­ had preViously labeled opponent Reagan's tion to matters which have garnered On the other hand, there are still some charges as "totally irresponsible" and has good will for the city. important distinctions with regard to challenged the California ex-governor to drop The YMCA has also had his help in geographical locations which need to the subject of the present negotiations be­ campaigns and in collecting funds to be recognized. Because of the close prox­ tween this country and Panama. and to stick help needy children. imity of Maryland's Fifth District to to the important issues. He is a member of the South Bay Washington, our office receives over 1,500 Oddly enough, we get the distinct impres­ Sportsman Club, annually sponsors a telephone calls a week-far more than sion that the issue of the status of the most congressional offices. Yet we have Panama Canal is of deep importance to the queen candidate for the Miss Lawndale people. A succession of reliable polls we have Beauty Pageant, and sponsors two Little no more telephone lines, and no more seen on the subject indicates that a majority League ball teams. staff members to answer the telephone of the people are not convinced that it is He was one of the first members of the than any other member. In addition, the incumbent upon this country to do anything TIP Program, as well as a member of volume of correspondence, over 2,000 at all in compromising our present treaty good standing and third vice president letters coming in each week, far exceeds rights in the canal or the Canal Zone. of the El Toga Shrine Club of Torrance. that of most districts. Frankly, in order They are not likely to be reassured by this to handle the telephone and mail loads further statement by Clements: I particularly wish to commend his activities with the Senior Scout Ex­ and still provide our constituents with "We are negotiating with Panama. because plorers. Seeing the need for the youth the quality of service they deserve, I it is in our own best interest to do so. We supplemented my office allowance last want to make sure the canal remains open of America to educate themselves so for the commerce of the world and that it is that they can fill a place in a productive year with $7 ,000 of my own funds. In efficiently operated. on a non-discriminatory society, Scotty Mizukami has a continu­ fact, the cost-of-living pay raise granted basis at reasonable prices." ing program at his place of business in to the Congress was not used by me per- 14024 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 sonally but was included in my supple­ Centennial celebration to be opened dur­ BUNDY ARTICLE IN POST SUMS UP mental payment to the office fund. I ing the Bicentennial year. At this time, STRIKES AGAINST THE B--1 point this out not as a complaint about it is contended that they have the only the expenses, but to demonstrate the time capsule that was successfully re­ need for a reevaluation of the allocations covered. On May 16. 1976, at the original HON. ROBERT W. EDGAR of office allowances. burial-site in Monsey, N.Y., the Ramapo OF PENNSYLVANIA In time I hope that the Congress will time capsule will be opened by the Ram­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES devise a system to allow for the unique apo Bicentennial Committtee. Thursday, May 13, 1976 differences between congressional dis­ Prior to the opening, the Monsey Lions tricts. If such a plan were implemented, Club will conduct a parade and ceremo­ Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, an article funds for travel we do not accept could nies to duplicate the events that were on the op-ed page of today's Washing­ be used to take care of these unique held prior to the capsule's burial. Im­ ton Post succinctly sums up the justifica­ differences by those Members who serve mediately after the parade, the time tion for delaying the procurement deci­ 1n the Metropolitan Washington area. capsule will be publicly opened by the sion on the B--1 bomber program. The Ramapo Bicentennial Committee and its article is authored by McGeorge Bundy, contents placed in a glass case for public who served as Special Assistant for Na­ viewing. Thereafter, the contents will be tional Security Affairs from 1961-66. The points Bundy raises in opposition to the RAMAPO TIME CAPSULE displayed at the Ramapo Town Hall on Route 59 in Rockland County, N.Y. B--1 parallel those which I made in ad­ I share the pride of my constituents in dressing this House when the defense the 26th Congressional District in serving authorization bill was considered last HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN to preserve the Spirit of '76 and in focus­ month. However, the far-reaching ex­ OF NEW YORK ing attention on the feelings of pride for perience of Bundy offers what I believe IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our regional contributions to the history to be a fresh approach and a provoca­ of our great Nation. tive perspective. Thursday, May 13, 1976 I believe that many of my colleagues Mr. GILMAN. Wu-. Speaker, on the eve share Mr. Bundy's view that "without a of the 200th birthday of our great Na­ fresh, thorough, and comparative review, tion, it is appropriate for us to pause and ITALY NEEDS ASSISTANCE in which Air Force and industrial pres­ reflect upon the contributions of our sures are firmly subordinated to the na­ forefathers and the effect of their ac­ tional interest, it will be impossible for tions upon our present society. the Congress and the public to have con­ The principles and ideals of our first HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI fidence that this high-cost trip is neces­ "Americans" provided inspiration, not OF NEW YORK sary." only for their contemporaries, but con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, for the benefit of my col­ tinues to inspire us today and will con­ Thursday, May 13, 1976 leagues which may not have had the tinue to inspire the people of the United opportunity to read this column, I in­ States for years to come. Our forefathers Mr. ZEFERETTI. Mr. Speaker, all of sert this column in the REcoRn at this had the desire to leave a lasting impres­ us have been shocked and grieved to note point: sion of pride in their accomplishments the natural disaster that has struck Italy in the form of the worst earthquake -of THE B-1: A LONG LooK BEFORE BUYING and demonstrated an intense dedication (By McGeorge Bundy) to principles which would insure the free­ this century. Such a calamity could not have come at a worse time for that coun­ Sometime this month the Senate will de­ dom, safety, and well-being of future bate a defense bill that contains a billion­ generations of Americans. Many at­ try, confronting as it does the most seri­ dolla.r authorization for the actual procure­ tempts were made to preserve those ini­ ous national political crisis since the end ment of the B-1 bomber. This premature tial feelings of patriotism and to com­ of World War II. and unnecessary proposal, heavily pressed by municate them to future generations. The President, acting through John the Air Force and by Rockwell International, As part of the Centennial celebration Volpe, our Ambassador there, has acted should be defeITed until there can be a of 1876, a patriotic group of citizens from with compassion and promptness to thorough review outside the pressures make available emergency assistance to created by an election year. There is no the Monsey area of the town of Ramapo, danger in such a delay, and there could be N.Y., which is located in my congres­ the people most affected. Shelters, medi­ great advantage. sional district, devised a unique plan to cal aid, food, and medicine have been There is no danger in delay because there leave to the citizens of 1976 memorabilia sent in significant quantities by the is clear agreement that the B-52 strategic that might be of interest during the Bi­ United States. Our bases in Italy have system can be relied on with confidence for centennial celebration. It was decided provided helicopters, earthmoving at least a. decade to come. The B-52 has that those items should be sealed in a equipment, disaster relief specialists, and proved to be one of our most durable and other personnel at a critical time. improvable aircraft. It is not any present metal container, placed inside a concrete need but an intense desire to get the matter box and buried 6 feet deep in the ground. However, this is only a start. Many settled their way that is moving the military Lt was marked by an elm tree called the areas of Italy have been utterly devi­ and industrial advocates of the B-1. Centennial Tree. stated, and cannot reconstruct them­ But precisely when there is that sort of On April 15, 1876, the container was selves in any kind of quick time without pressure for a decision not yet needed, the buried. Among the items in the box were material assistance from outside, which Senate should be wary. The B-1 has not com­ coins, stamps, names of residents, busi­ has been offered by the President in the pleted its technical tests, and to ask Con­ ness cards, pictures, a button of an of­ form of a $25 million disaster relief gress to take its procurement decision before contribution. those tests are complete ls to violate the ficer's coat who was an aide to General separation between R & D and purchase on Washington and a piece of the flag that It is my hope that this assistance and which recent Secretaries of Defense have Washington carried when crossing the any other necessary aid will be swiftly rightly insisted. Delaware. approved and sent on its way to the af­ The central difflculty wtth the B-1 is its The Ramapo Bicentennial Committee, fected people. Italy is a strong ally with extraordinarily high cost. The performance with the help of the Monsey Lions Club whom we have longstanding ties of af­ standards originally set for it have proved and other civic groups, located and suc­ fection, love of free government, eth­ unattainable, and its history, in consequence, has been a familiar one: consistently re­ cessfully excavated the time capsule on nicity, and culture. She confronts a duced performance speciflcations and con­ November 21, 1975. It was recovered in strong internal Communist challenge at stantly growing real cost. The 244 bombers apparently excellent condition and this particular juncture, and is especially the Air Force wants wm now cost $20 to $25 placed unopened in a bank in Spring vulnerable to other shocks to her nation­ billion, at best, and the procurement and Valley, N.Y., for safekeeping. al life. Our assistance now is vital, timely, operation of the full system will cost many Since then the Ramapo Bicentennial and appropriate. It is my hope that tens of billions more. Yet it remains un­ Committee has made numerous inquiries Italy's recovery will be swift and that the demonstrated, after a decade of debate, that there is any long-term strategic value in to governmental agencies and historical actions taken by this country will lead to what may be the most costly single element organizations to determine if they have ·the normalization of daily life there in the B-1 system-its supersonic capallllity. the only time capsule buried during the without delay. We sometimes hear that the B-1 has been May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14025 studied enough. A recent statement by an HAPPY BffiTHDAY, AMERICA America., I wish your family to take a good officer of Rockwell International refers in look at their home and resolve to keep it this vein to scrutiny by "seven Secretaries beautiful. Disasters and difficult times bring of Defense." But the truth is tha.t the six a closeness to your family needs. Research Secretaries we have had in the last 15 yea.rs HON. GENE TAYLOR work needs to be encouraged, to find medical appear to be divided in their views of the OF MISSOUJU cures, for preserving your resources, and B-1. Robert McNamara is necessarily silent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cleaning up your land. What can one person on the matter, but there is little reason to do? Set a. right example. May your family be suppose that his views of high-cost penetra­ Thursday, May 13, 1976 optimistic, forget past mistakes, rise above tion bombers have changed in the 14 years its faults and live now. With divine wisdom since he successfully opposed a unlamented Mr. TAYLOR of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, helping, how can we fail! B-70. Clark Clifford strongly opposes the B-1. a lady in my district, Mrs. H. 0. Rader, Happy birthday USA! Melvin Laird and Elliot Richardson favored of Marshfield, Mo., has written a prize­ development but faced no decision on pro­ winning essay commemorating our Na­ curement. James Schlesinger, while he be­ tion's Bicentennial which I would like lieves in the long-run need for a new bomber to share with my colleagues. of some sort, did not press for the B-1 while AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE FEA in office, placing his main budgetary empha­ It seems to me that Mrs. Rader has sis on conventional needs. He has said that caught the spirit of what America is all a final decision on this syst.em should await about far better than most who have HON. FLOYD J. FITHIAN the completion of its technical tests and a written at greater length on this subject. OF INDIANA demonstration that Us costs are under clear As she says, we are indeed a family. And IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES control; it seems reasonable that the Senate if our family can "be optimistic, forget should adopt at least as strong a standard past mistakes, rise above its faults and Thursday, May 13, 1976 for itself. It is true that Donald Rumsfeld Mr. FITHIAN. Mr. Speaker, we all appears to be an enthusiast, but his experi­ live now" we will meet the challenges now ence with procurement pressures is not long. confronting us and those that lie ahead. agree on the importance of a coherent Far from proving that the matter has been I found much food for thought in this energy policy, and the need for an effi­ settled by earlier studies, the varied judg­ brief essay. And I would hope that others cient organization to create and imple­ ments of the Secretaries of Defense of the will, too. ment it. Our first attempt in this field last 15 yea.rs constitute a powerful argument The essay follows: was the creation of the Federal Energy for the Senate to require a hard new look be­ Administration. This was admittedly a fore it acts on procurement. My own strong HAPPY BmTHDAY AMERICA Happy Birthday United States of America temporary solution to meet a crisis situ­ impression is that among disinterested mili­ ation. Congress realized that the first tary and civllian experts no ~jor new weap­ in 1976 ! After 200 years, you are still lova­ ons system has ever had such feeble sup­ ble, generous and kind to your family, the approach might not be best, and it legis­ port. people of this land. You've been battered, lated a fixed end to the FEA after 2 An additional and powerful argument for humilia.ted, neglected, even unloved and re­ years. delay is the emergence of at lea.st one inter­ jected by some. Your family is an assortment Time has shown the wisdom of the 93d esting alternative to the B-1. The manned of human beings with a variety of talents Congress. It is more and more evident bomber, once the dominant element of our living in the melting pot of the world. It has a. great heritage of freedoms made pos­ with each passing day, that the FEA is strategic deterrent, now necessarily has a not the weapon to solve our energy very different role. Today it is a supplemen­ sible by the family's ancestors. tary guarantee against the madness of an America you still are a wonderful country, problems. It has become little but a attempted surprise attack, a diversifier that but in their zeal to improve living stand· spokesman for big oil. It has intruded helps frustrat,e any Strangelove among Soviet ards, your family let its home come into a into other areas it does not belong. It planners. It is far from clear that the current rundown condition. Some say this l,a.nd is a has alienated many of its former sup­ design of the B-1, which would be the most mess. If this were true, each one has con­ porters by its shameless self-promotion, expensive single weapons system ever de­ tributed to it by wrong action or inaction. and its oversimplification of complex ployed, properly reflects this more limited Now America I have some birthday wishes for you. May each one of your family show issues. role. There is impressive testimony that But, our energy needs continue. The stand-off bombers with cruise missiles may more love for God, each other and the home­ be cheaper, more stabilizing and easier to land, so that each one may see his neighbor necessity of a national energy policy is protect. Without a fresh, thorough, and com­ through eyes of love. Then each would as­ even more vital in light of Middle East parative review, in which Air Force and in­ sume his responsibility. With a prayer for politics, and domestic patterns of usage. dustrial pressures are firmly subordinated to God's help, doors will be opened and bridges The first step down the road is the the national interest, it wlli be impossible can be built. elimination of the FEA. It is scheduled for the Congress and the public to have con­ May each one of your family show more to die. Let it. The second step, an alter­ fidence that this high-cost trip is necessary. patriotism, more respect for authority and native, is more difficult. It is natural, in a time when there ls for each other. Know your country and its legitimate concern about the m111tary balance history. Let's emphasize the good things in­ Congresswoman SCHROEDER and I have between ourselves and the Soviet Union, that stead of the faults. Love tells us each person coauthored a bill, the contents of which a new and undeniably astonishing weapons in the family is important and has a place will appear in the RECORD for today's system should seem attractive to many. But in the homeland. When a family loves its proceedings. Our bill offers a concrete where is the evidence that throwing this home, all will protect and defend it. alternative to putting up with the FEA's enormous amount of money at this one rela­ Can we as a family meet the challenges of misuse of power for 3 more years. It at­ tively narrow problem wlll be good for our today? Sacrifices are necessary. Some have tempts to carry out the critical functions side of the balance? The likeliest danger of ma.de the supreme sacrifice. Let us replace that a good energy policy demands, and the next five years is weakness in our con­ this one of spilled blood with peace. ventional capabilities, especially in relation America, you must have a spirit of coop­ to remove the political stigma that FEA to Europe, the Middle East, and the oceans. eration within your family. Someone has has induced into its operations. In do­ The B-1 is not going to help us in these areas said that a country which can be so dis­ ing so we have succeeded in eliminating or in this time-span. The billions we might ciplined and so cooperative a.s to put men on almost 1,000 jobs from a Government save by a less expensive choice could help us the moon surely should be able to operate grown too large, and to save the tax­ very much indeed. in a better way on the earth. I wish your payers considerable amounts of money. It seems especially unwise to make a pro­ family would eliminate prejudice, selfish­ Briefly, the bill states that the FEA's curement decision of this kind, with tests in­ ness, unjust criticism and an unforgiving at­ complete and costs not clear, in the heat of titude. Each one must find his place in so­ regulatory functions go to the Federal an election campaign. History suggests that ciety, but remember the rest of humanity. Power Commission, just as GAO recom­ our judgment on these complex choices ha.s All family members don't fit the same slot, mended. The functions that are assigned not been a,t its best in election years. There but there is a place. With this spirit, all to the Offices of Energy Policy and Anal­ was no great hurry a.bout H-bomb tests In needs can be met. ysis, Energy Conservation and Environ­ 1952, and no mtsslle gap in 1960. There 1s no I wish your family might take more inter­ ment, and International Energy Affairs, bomber gap today. est in their government-exercise their vot­ are transferred 1io ERDA, while the Obviously the administration 1s preoc­ ing privileges, seeing all sldes of issues, then functions assigned to the Office of Ener­ cupied with politics and worried about its vote for quallfied citizens r.a.ther than party. gy Resource Development returns to the right-wing critics. But is it not the constitu­ The American family needs high moral tional role of the Senate, at such a. moment, standards. One member cannot expect high Department of the Interior. Ms. to asser:t; the claims of the long-run national standards of others unless he practices them SCHROEDER and I feel that these agencies interest, and to insist on its right and duty himself. The good Lord who created us all are the most logical homes for the func­ w get all the evidence before It acts? gave us rules to Uve by. tions that remain after FEA terminates. 14026 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 Congress cannot just sit idly by and elude in my remarks, the article from three fourths of the firms in any major area. allow perpetuation of a needless bu­ U.S. News & World Report: won't touch anybody under 21" for a regular reaucracy. I hope my colleagues will WHY IT'S HABn TO C"DT TEEN-AGE job. A study in St. Louis showed no hotel would hire a person under 21 as a desk clerk. study our bill. It should be viewed as UNEMPLOYMENT a Ninety-four per cent of the banks would not focal point for a much needed discus­ The plight of unemployed youth ma.y rea.ch employ one as a teller. These are career-entry sion of our energy policy. a. peak in sum.mer, but the problem is one Jobs that could lead to advancement. that plagues the U.S. all year long-and has Licensing. State licensing boards, usually done so for yea.rs. made up of members of the regulated profes­ Not even the business recovery ha.s made sion, often operate to restrict entry Into the much of a. dent in the number of youths TEENAGE UNEMPLOYMENT: A business more than to preserve the quality walking the streets without jobs and with of the professionals. CONTINUING DILEMMA little hope that something will turn up. The Colorado board of cosmetology, for What's more, the nation's teen-agers and instance, requires that a prospective hair­ those entering their 20s face hurdles that dresser take 1,650 hours of instruction. That HON. DOMINICK V. DANIELS promise little relief in the years a.head. includes 100 hours of supervised practice at These barriers range from their own job in­ shampooing. OF NEW JERSEY experience to roadblocks not of their ma.king, Such requirements hit hardest at the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES such as State a.nd federal regulations, as well as obstacles thrown up by unions. young, particularly those who seek work to Thursday, May 13, 1976 combine With schooling. A 20 PERCENT BATE Mr. Barton notes that employers also re­ Mr. DOMINICK V. DANIELS. Mr. For the pa.st 15 months, the unemployment quire educational degrees that have little Speaker, this Congress has devoted a rate for youths 16 to 19 years old has stuck relationship to job skills. Dropouts are denied considerable amount of attention to the close to 20 percent---closer to 40 percent for work not because they cannot do the Job national unemployment problem. Yet, black teen-agers. That means 1. 7 million idle but because they do not have the right pieces despite all of our legislative initiatives youths, a number that doubles in summer of pa.per. when more students enter the work force. and despite improvements in the econ­ Minimum wage. Peter F. Drucker, a. profes­ Willa.rd Wirtz, former Secretary of Labor sor at the Claremont Graduate School in omy, teenage unemployment continues a.nd a. manpower expert, expects that even if California., is one of many who consider the to be excessively high. For the past 15 over-all unemployment drops to 5 percent, minimum-wage law the villain in keeping months, the unemployment rate for the rate for teenagers Will stay around 20 full-time Jobs from youngsters, particularly youths 16 to 19 years old has hovered percent. from young blacks. close to the 20 percent level. That figure The statistics underestimate the extent of The Nixon Administration at one time is appalling, but it represents only one­ the problem: Youngsters tend to get discour­ pushed for a. special, lower minimum for aged, to stop seeking work, and then are not youth, but Congress refused to go along. half of the rate for black teenagers-40 counted as unemployed. The problem is far percent unemployment. This translates Union economists argue that a youth wage more than economic. below the $2.30-an-hour general minimum into 1.7 million idle youths, a number Offlcia.ls say that high joblessness means not only would cut income for most working that doubles in summer when more stu­ more crime, more drug addiction, more social youths but would preserve their Jobs only dents enter the work force. unrest and less income for many poor fami­ a.t the expense of adult employment. The May 17 edition of U.S. News & lies. Union requirements. Only about 1 in 5 World Report contained an analysis of Why such a high jobless rate among youth? jobs is filled by a union member, but many Why is it so difficult to cut, even in times of of these are in occupations, such as con­ why it is so difficult to reduce teenage un­ prosperity? employment. In that article, former La­ struction, that could be important sources One reason is the postwar be.by boom. of part-time a.nd seasonal work for young bor Secretary Willard Wirtz claims that Thirty-one yea.rs after V-J Da.y, the U.S. is in if persons. To acquire membership in unions even the overall unemployment rate the middle of a bulge of youths seeking em­ takes time. In some, it often takes forever drops to 5 percent, the rate for teen­ ployment. In 1970, Americans turning 21 if the youth ls not related to a member in agers will stay at around 20 percent. tote.led 3.5 million. La.st year, the figure was good standing. In all probability, even this rate is 4 million. The curve Will peak at 4.3 million School counselors. Counselors spend most underestimated. Young people tend to get in six years. of their time aiding college-bound students. discouraged easily, to stop seeking work, EVEN IN RECOVERY-TEEN-AGE UNEMPLOYMENT Many advisers seem poorly informed about and then are not counted as unemployed. EASES SLOWLY-JOBLESS RATE jobs for other students. Eighty per cent of We may not see these youngsters show­ [In percent ) young people enter the full-time labor force ing up on the unemployment charts is­ Youths without four-year college degrees and with 16-19 little or no career-entry information. sued by the Department of Labor, but All Workers Years Old THE OUTLOOK they are certainly showing up as factors Near boom's peak-October, in a rapidly increasing crime rate, a How much is being done about youth rising rate of drug addiction, and as an 1973 ------4.7 14.3 unemployment? From all indications, little Near recession's trough-May, that will make any significant difference essential component in a recipe for so­ 1975 ------8.9 20.3 soon. cial unrest. La.test--Aprll, 1976 ______7.5 19.2 The federal summer-jobs program may cool The analysis by U.S. News & World Thus: From the worst period of the reces­ the hot, explosive summer in cities, but it is Report delineates several constraints to sion until now, the teen-a.ge unemployment not a.dequa.te to provide a stable Job market. employing teenage youths on a massive rate has edged down only 5.4 per cent, while In some areas, large companies have gone scale. These include age restrictions for the jobless rate for all workers has dropped into the schools to build a. bridge between certain jobs, the requirements of State 15.7 per cent. education a.nd work. The Labor Department licensing boards, minimum wage laws, Note.-All figures seasonally adjusted. funds pilot programs to spread the concept of community-directed, school-work part­ union requirements, and the preoccupa­ Broad policies to create more jobs seem to provide little help for young people. The un­ nerships. tion of school counselors with giving ad­ employed youth generally is an unsophisti­ But such approaches are time consuming vice primarily to college-bound students. cated player in the work game. He also faces for an impatient generation. No one has yet Nobody yet has come up with a satis­ what many consider a. stacked deck. figured out a quick, permanent solution­ factory answer to the problem of youth Age restrict ions. Many laws set age limits. nor, for that matter, does slow, steady relief unemployment. What we will probably Federal regulations, for instance, prohibit seem assured. need to develop are programs that liter­ hiring those under 18 for anything the Gov­ ally build a bridge between education and ernment considers a hazardous occupation. work. I am pleased to note that the Labor Example: jobs using power woodworking Department has been funding a variety of tools. PERSONAL EXPLANATION pilot programs to spread the develop­ Rules may be necessary to preserve the ment of community-directed, school­ safety ·of youths-although many experts HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. work partnerships. Even this approach consider the regulations relics of more dan­ gerous times--but they do restrict opportu­ OF MICHIGAN will not solve our immediate problems, nities for the young. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES but at least it marks a good beginning in Employers often rule out those under 21 the right direction. for positions the manager thinks need a. Thursday, May 13, 1976 Mr. Speaker, for the benefit of my col­ higher level of maturity. Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I was un­ leagues who share my concern about the Paul E. Barton, director of the National avoidably detained during the vote on the problem of youth unemployment, I in- Manpower Institute, says that "two thirds to conference report on the first concurrent May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14027 resolution on the budget, Senate Concur­ which they have made of these talents be­ vice president and provost in 1957, he had rent Resolution 109. cause their use has been inimical to the best served as dean of the College of Arts and interest of the American people and to our Sciences and graduate school associate dean. I remain unalterably opposed to the Republic, which they pretend they a.re con­ His teaching experience included positions budget figures approved today because of stantly defending. a.t North Dakota State Teachers College and the implied acceptance of continuing GERALD MARTINEK, Hawk Point, Mo. Colorado State College. He served as direc­ intolerable rates of unemployment, and I tor of research for the International Copy­ wish the RECORD to indicate that had I right League in London immediately after been present, I would have voted ''no". receiving his Ph.D. degree from Yale Univer­ DR. HARRY RANSOM-DISTIN- sity. GUISHED NATIONAL EDUCATOR Born in Galeston on Nov. 22, 1908, Dr. Ransom served during World War II as a. ma­ COINCIDENCE jor in the Army Air Forces. He was honored by his alma. mater, the University of the HON. J. J. PICKLE South a.t Sewanee, Tenn., with a doctorate OF TEXAS in letters and by Baylor University with a HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES doctorate in laws. OF MISSOURI Thursday, May 13, 1976 An exponent of emphasis on excellence in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES teaching and learning, Dr. Ransom once Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, last month said: Thursday, May 13, 1976 one of the genuine giants of American "In an age preoccupied with outer space, Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, for those education, Dr. Harry Huntt Ransom no space is so important to education as the area. which lies between ears." who believe in coincidence, here is one. died in Austin, Tex. He retired a.s chancellor in 1971 after 10 (From the Florissant Valley Reporter, Professor Ransom was formerly presi­ years in the post. He had been working April 20, 1976] dent and chancellor of the University on a history of the university's library at WHICH THEY PRETEND of Texas, and it was under his tutelage his death. Dear Editor: On January 1, 1976 there that the institution achieved national On Aug. 11, 1951, he married one of his probably wasn't one person out of a hundred preeminence in diverse fields of study. students, Hazel Louise Harrod, who survives. among the general public knew who Jimmy Dr. Ransom was the epitome of every­ Carter was. Yet on March 17th, after the thing good about the University of Illinois primary election, Senator Eagleton RANSOM REMEMBERED AS UT GIANT Texas. Kindly, scholarly, as·tute, he lead (By Mark Browning) stated on television that Jimmy Carter would us to national educational prominence. have to be considered the leading candidate Dr. Lorene Rogers said he "was truly one to win the nomination for U.S. president of He was the gentleman scholar of our of the giants of this institution." Frank Er­ the Democratic party. times. His goodness was so genuine that win said he "symbolized all that is good How was Jimmy Carter able to achieve this tens of thousands of students feel his and true and beautiful a.bout the University over night popularity and support, when any loss in a very personal way. I am one of Texas." number of much better known and better of those who loved and respected him Rogers and Erwin were among speakers eu­ qualified candidates were unable to achieve greatly. logiZJing the late Harry Huntt Ransom, Uni­ it? The only logical explanation is he owes I enclose stories from the New York v·ersity chancellor emerirtus, in a Tuesday his present eminent position to the power afternoon memorial service in LBJ Audi­ and influence of the mass media. We are im­ Times and the U .T. Daily Texan about torium. pressed with the accomplishments of the Dr. Ransom, an irreplaceable institution Other speakers were Dr. Logan Wilson, mass media. by himself: former University president and System The mass media has demonstrated it not HARRY HUNTI' RANSOM, 67, DIES; TEXAS chancellor; Dr. Joe Frantz, University his­ only has the ablllty and power to drive a EDUCATOR AND BIBLIOPHILE tory profeS80r, and Dr. Donald Weismann, president from office, but it also has the (By Morris Ka.plan) University professor in the arts. ability to make political unknowns into front Harry Huntt Ransom, chancellor emeritus Calling Ransom "a. man of great kindness, running candidates for the highest office in of the University of Texas and a key figure in a man of great grace and one of vision," our land, the President of the U.S. establishing its Humanities Research Center, Rogers told in her opening remal'lks of a While we might admire the skill, the abil­ died yesterday of a heart attack while visit­ time "several years ago" when she was con­ ity, the power and the influence of the mass ing his wife's pa.rents in Dripping Springs, sidered for the presidency of a public inSti­ media, we cannot commend them for the Tex. He was 67 years old and lived in Austin. tution. use which they have made of these talents Dr. Ransom was known among bibliophiles She asked Ransom to write a. letter of because their use has been inimical to the a.s "the grand acquisitor," and colleagues recommendation for her, and it was ex.treme­ best interest of the American people and to viewed him as the person who put Texas on ly complimentary. Eventually, Rogers said, our Republic, which they pretend they a.re the map culturally more than anyone else Ransom told her, "Lorene, don't take tha,t constantly defending. in this century. His acquisitions of race job. You're too good for it." ARTHUR WUIGK. books and manuscripts constituted the heart "I felt he convinced himself in writing the of the center, which bore his name. letter," she said with a slnile. (The Troy Free Press and Silex Index, Largely responsible for the tremendous Wilson said Ransom was one of "my clos­ Friday, April 16, 1976) growth of the Texas library, Dr. Ransom est associates" a.t the University from 1953 LETTER TO THE EDITOR-PRESS PoWER amassed a collection of 250,000 rare books to 1961. The former chancellor said he often On January 1, 1976 there probably wasn't valued a.t $50 Inillion primarily through his wondered whether a person of Ransom's dis­ one person out of a hundred among the ability to persuade the Texas legislature to position flt into administrative roles, but he general public knew who Jimmy Carter was. allocate the necessary funds. His varied in­ decided "the University's leadership role will Yet on March 17, after the lliinois primary terests included copyright law, bibliography be diminished" if such men cannot be drawn election, Sena.tor Eagleton stated on televi­ and Texas history. into administration. sion that Jimmy Carter would have to be His plans to create a great collection of Wilson recounted Ransom's concern for considered the lea.ding candidate to win the books for the university materialized in the improved faculty and libraries, and said, nomination for U.S. president of the Demo­ mid-1950's, when he ranged far for acquisi­ "What he did here is known and envied by cratic party. tions, especially in Britain. John F . Fleming, learned men and women throughout the How was Jimmy Carter able to achieve this a rare-book dealer at 322 East 57th Street, world." Ransom "was fully aware a Univer­ over night popularity and support, when was among his agents here. sity should be evaluated on the basis of how any number of much better known and better When they met, Mr. Fleming recalled, the well students learn," Wilson added. qualified candidates were unable to achieve jovial Texan told him: "I'm going to form a Frantz said, "All over these expanded 40 it. The only logical explanation is he owes great collection of books, equal to the collec­ acres you can see his marks ... he had no his present eminent position to the power tions of Harvard or Yale." patience in hiding behind bureaucracy. He and influence of the mass media. We a.re im­ The .university of Texas libraries contain just wanted to get things done." pressed with the accomplishments of the about three million books and the manu­ The history professor praised Ransom's mass media. scripts of such writers as W. Somerset acumen for perceiving worthwhile projects The mass media has demonstrated it not Maugham, Graham Greene, Compton Mac­ and carrying them out. "He had no fixed idea only has the abllity and power to drive a Kenzie, C. P. Snow, T. S. Eliot, D. H. Law­ except, 'If it's good, go after it,'" Frantz president from office, but it also has the rence, Dylan Thomas, George Bernard Shaw said. ability to make political unknowns into front and the Sitwells-Edith, Osbert and Sach­ Weismann recalled time spent with Ran­ running candidates for the highest office in everell. som, J. Frank Dobie and other friends at our land, the President of the United States. Dr. Ransom founded The Texas Quarterly Dob1e's ranch and described his companion­ While we might admire the skill, the abil­ and worked cation experiments at the uni­ ship with Ransom. The professor in the arts ity, the power and the influence of the mass versity after joining the English faculty said he shared a simlla.rity with Ransom: media, we cannot commend them for the use there 1n 1935. Before his appointment a.s "I am a.n artist in academe." CXXII-886-Part 11 14028 EXTENSIONS OF-REMARKS May 13, 1976 Weismann continued. his analogy of Ran­ END THE FEDERAL ENERGY Diplomacy, Tufts University, concluded that, som the artist, calling him a "creative seek­ ADMINISTRATION on balance, the FEO's allocation measures er" and not an "administrative hack." Ran­ and price controls "not only exacerbated the som was an artist working in "a fantastically U.S. oil-supply problems but failed to create rich context" and he "was always trying for a. more equitable distribution of the Arab the best configurations" of University com­ HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER oil embargo's costs." ponents, Weismann said. OF COLORADO In May 1975, an article in the Technology Review stated that the long gas lines in early Erwin concluded the service, telling the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sparse audience, "Ransom wisely refrained 1974 were "probably produced" solely by the from engaging in the sometimes acrimonious Thursday, May 13, 1976 FEO. "These lines," it says, "were a manl!es­ disputations in which others became in­ tation of the crude a.llocation program be­ Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, I am cause the operation of this program led to volved. As a result, he has stood straight and today introducing with the cosponsor­ tall above the skirmishes, and he has served reductions in refinery output of gasoline and as a constant reminder to all that the main ship of Congressman FLOYD FITHIAN' a forced holdings of inventories, which to­ business of this institution is to provide the bill to abolish the Federal Energy Ad­ gether reduced deliveries to retailers." best possible education for its students, to ministration and to distribute its func­ The Wall Street Journal estimates that the develop and support the best possible col­ tions among other Federal agencies and bureaucratic cost to consumers of the FEA's legiate community of scholars and scholar­ controls a.mounts to three to five cents a gal­ departments, according to a congres­ lon on gas, which roughly adds up to a.bout ship, and thereby to continue to build and sional plan of action. We are doing this maintain 'a university of the first class.'" $10 billion a. year. Standard Oil of Indiana. as an alternative to H.R. 12169, the bill employs about 100 people full time just to Erwin listed Ransom's accomplishments, reported by the House Interstate and meet government regulations-mostly the including: the Academic Center, Plan II, Foreign Commerce Committee on May FEA's-at a yearly cost of nearly $3 million Comparative Studies program, special ad­ 10, which would give the Federal Energy in salaries and other expenses. This company missions programs for exceptionally gifted has a computer tape more than 600 miles and culturally deprived students, improved Administration 39 more months of life. The bill which Mr. FITHIAN and I are long, which stores information it has had to counseling services and formal recognition supply to just the FEA. The 20 major oil of undergraduate achievements. introducing is, we believe, an answer to companies spend roughly $60 million yearly Erwin ended his speech by quoting a Rob­ the many Members of Congress who are to comply with government regulations. ert Bridges passage which concluded: wary of permitting the Federal Energy Sun Oil's controller, Albert Martin, ob­ "What good nave I wrought? Administration to die without any con­ serves that the Spanish word /ea means I laugh to have learned gressional direction as to where its func­ "grim, hideous, alarming, improper and That joy cannot come tions might go. We caution that the ca.using horror or aversion." Even the FEA's Unless it be earned; proposals we are making in the bill are own assistant administrator for operations, For happier lot regulations and compliance, Gorman Smith, tentative. We welcome comments on the concedes that government regulations "are Than God giveth me bill from our colleagues. a zoo to keep up with." It never ha. th been We do believe that the alternative we The growth of the FEA's bureaucracy is as­ Nor ever shall be." are proposing is better than permitting tounding, demonstrating what Ronald the FEA 1 day of life past June 30, 1976, Reagan means when in one of his laugh­ when the Agency is supposed to die. Too getting one-liners he says that "The closest often, unwilling to examine the larger thing to eternal life on earth is a government problems of taking an agency apart, we agency." ARKANSAS: THE WONDER STATE Floating on a sea. of more than two million continue to extend ad infinitum the life pieces of paper, the agency has a press office of agencies without considering the that is one of the largest in Washington, with HON. BILL ALEXAN'DER alternatives. 112 people and a $3.5 million budget. Thirty­ Mr. Speaker, there are many reasons seven officials at the FEA are paid $37,800 or OF ARKANSAS why the FEA should die, but they basi­ more annually and the average employe's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVF.8 cally boil down to two: First, the FEA salary is $19,026, the highest of any federal Thursday, May 13, 1976 does an ineffective and inequitable job, agency. and two, it tries to tell us otherwise by FEA administrator Frank Zarb made 36 Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I trips last year-14 on charter flights costing promoting itself through a well-oiled $25,000-prompting Sen. William Proxmire would like to share with my colleagues public relations office. I think it is time a poem about our :fine State written by to denounce him as one of the most wasteful we start anew, as columnist John D. spenders in the government. one of our senior citizens, Mrs. Virgie Lofton, Jr., writing in the Rocky Moun­ The symbol of the FEA is a charming little Ballard of Calico Rock, Ark.: tain News for April 5, 1976, also notes insect named Energy Ant. But Energy Ant ARKANSAS in the following articles : has become Energy Elephant. The FEA is a. menace. Treasury Secretary William Simon (By Virgie Balla.rd) LET'S GET Rm OF THE FEDERAL ENERGY Arkansas is the wonder state ADMINISTRATION says that the agency is "an outrage" and that if he had his way "I'd abolish the agency Which could be fenced in and need no gate (By John D. Lofton, Jr.) For within its borders can be found and close its door tomorrow." The needs for living the year around. WASHINGTON.-On June 30, the congres­ Mr. Ford should reconsider, and listen to sionally mandated term of the Federal En­ his treasury secretary. With its forests primeval and wild life galore ergy Administration (FEA) is up for renew­ What avid sportsman could ask for more? al, and Rep. Pat Schroeder, D-Colo., has made NEWS RELEASE, MAY 12, 1976 Its lakes and rivers with fish abound a.n excellent suggestion. She says: "Let the U.S. Rep. Pat Schroeder (D-Colo.) today And fishing is good the whole year round. FEA expire. This is the one time congres­ introduced a. bill to abolish the Federal It's the only place where diamonds are found sional inaction would benefit the taxpayers." Energy Administration and to distribute a By simply searching on the ground. But it is unlikely the congresswoman's few selected. FEA functions among other Blanchard Springs Caverns you must explore idea will be heeded. Incredibly, despite all existing federal agencies. And tourist attractions there are many more. his numerous anti-Big Government-red-tape Mrs. Schroeder said she introduced the speeches, President Ford intends to ask Con­ bill because "although the present FEA au­ Buffalo River flows fast and free gress to extend the life of this bureaucratic thorizing act contains a sunset provision And nature's Beauty you will see. monstrosity three more years and to triple which will ca.use its automatic demise on Untouched by man it moves along its $142 million budget to about $440 million, With its many currents swift and strong. July 31, 1976, should Congress not act, some partly so the agency can add 700 more em­ members are fearful of simply letting the From the broad Atlantic to the Paciflc Sea ployes to its present 3,400. agency fold of its own accord without fur­ There's no better place for you to be The case for abolishing the FEA is excep­ ther debate and direction from Congress. Than in this beautiful, wonderful state tionally compelling. Since its original forma­ This b111 provides both a vehicle for debate Where Mother Nature is wide a.wake. tion as the Federal Energy Office in late 1973 and an opportunity to mandate specific di­ after the onset of the Arab oil embargo, this rections." Il serenity and beauty you want to see agency has been an absolute disaster, stifllng Rep. Floyd Fithian (D-Ind.), another vocal The beautiful Ozarks a.re the place to be. competition, increasing costs to the con­ FEA critic, co-sponsored the b111. All nature's beauties are here displayed sumer and ballooning the already bloated On Monday, the House Interstate and In every forest, hill and glade. :federal bureaucracy even bigger. Foreign Commerce Committee reported out Where you'll find hillbillies and scientists, too In February 1975, in a study for the Ameri­ a bill extending the FEA's life :for 39 months, And every day see something new can Enterprise Institute, Richard Mancke, the period requested by President Ford. To attract your attention to love and admire associate professor of international economic Mrs. Schroeder said that "la.st month I What a. wonderful place for one to retire. relations at the Fletcher School of Law and wrote to President Ford and asked him May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14029 where the FEA's functions would be dis­ UNI:TED TELECOMMUNICATI:ONS, INC., home telephone rates, and poorer service. persed should the agency expire. He replied Washington, D.O., May 4, 1976. Certainly these are reasonable criteria that that he didn't know in spite of his being Hon. JOHN M. ASHBROOK, serve the interest of millions of consumers. required by the FEA law to make such a U.S. House of Representatives, The Bill in no way would interfere with in­ report prior to making any recommenda­ Washington, D.O. novative services that would not produce tion about FEA's future. DEAR MR. AsHBROoK: On March 30, 1976, these undesirable results. "So Mr. Ford admits he knows nothing, Congressman Torbert H. Macdonald, then 2. Mr. Macdonald's Statement, "There need wants the FEA extended, and the House In­ Chairman of the Subcommittee on Com­ be no loss to consumers as a. whole from terstate and Foreign Commerce Committee munications of the House Interstate and the existence of competition." rubber stamps his request. Foreign Commerce Committee, issued a press Response, Federal regulatory policies en­ "My bill will give members a concrete release in which he indicated that he had couraging competition in telecommunica­ alternative-as well as dispel the criticisms serious reservations about the Consumer tions wlll lead to higher prices for home tele­ of some members who, while favoring FEA's Communications Reform Act of 1976, which phone service for some 67 million consumers. demise, wanted to see Congress take a more he alleged would prohibit companies from Competition will force the telephone com­ affirmative role in distributing the few FEA competing with telephone companies in the panies to reduce prices on certain business functions that would remain." terminal equipment and interstate private and long distance services that have pro­ Over the past few weeks, Mrs. Schroeder line business. Subsequently, his remarks vided revenues to help cover the costs ot has presented testimony on the FEA to the were contained in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD local service. As this support for local resi­ House Interstate and Foreign Commerce of April 9, 1976. We are in agreement with dential service is reduced or eliminated, rates Committee, the Senate Government Opera­ Chairman Macdonald on the need for a na­ for local service will have to rise. In addi­ tions Committee, and the Senate Subcom­ tional-debate on an issue as critical to the tion, a.s the new intercity suppliers waste- mittee on the Department of the Interior American public as the future of telecom­ . fully duplicate facilities of the existing car­ and Related Agencies. munications in this country. Furthermore, riers, the result will be higher costs for the Mrs. Schroeder noted that the Senate has should such a national qebate result in a Nation's total telecommunications system. been far more critical of the FEA than the determination that competition is in the best 3. Mr. Macdonald's Statement, "Why House. W'hen she testified last week before interest of the country we agree it must be should residential toll [long distance] users the Senate Government Operations Com­ full and fair competition for all parties. pay to keep business exchange rates mittee, Senator Lawton Chiles (D-Fla.) said The telephone industry, including United lower ... ?" he recommended that a slimmed down FEA Telephone Company of Ohio, a. wholly owned Response, rates paid by business for local only be extended for 9 more months. subsidiary of United Telecommunications, service cover all costs of that service. No "And that's a far cry from the conven­ Inc., supports this legislation. "contribution" from long-distance or other tional wisdom of a short while ago," said Mrs. In Chairman Macdonald's press release we services is required to support facilities used Schroeder. "Everyone considered a three believe there are several important misunder­ for local service for business. The contribu­ year extension inevitable." standings which we believe should be brought tions from other services goes to support Mrs. Schroeder observed in her remarks to your attention: local residential service. accompanying the introduction of her bill For example, the statement that the blll 4. Mr. Macdonald's Statement, "Bell says that it was as much a. vehicle for discussion would prohibit competition for terminal it averages its costs between high density and debate as anything. equipment and interstate private line busi­ areas (where they are low) and low dellStity "Essentially," Mrs. Schroeder said, "my bill ness is not supported by the facts. As to ter­ areas (where they are high) .... but this would transfer primary FEA functions to the minal equipment, the blll merely reaffirms kind of rate averaging implies that the Interior Department and the Energy Re- . state jurisdiction over interconnection with suburbs are being favored at the expense of search and Development Administration, and the networks. This ls where we believe the the inner-cities." would put the regulatory functions in the communications Act placed jurisdiction and Response, the statement erroneously con­ fuses local service with intercity service. Federal Power Commission. this is where we think it should remain. As "But there may be other more advisable to intercity services, the blll does not elim­ Bell's reference to high-density and low­ arrangements. I hope my colleagues will inate specialized carriers but sets certain density rates applies to communications be­ scrutinize the bill, and offer suggestions so standards to be applied by the Federal Com­ tween distant cities, not to service within that we can get on with the main business the inner city or suburbs of a metropolitan munications Commission with respect to area. The nationwide averaging of long-dis­ at hand-abolishing the FEA." these carriers. Under these criteria. the spe­ tance costs and rates between cities is of cialized carriers must meet certain publlc great value to vast sparsely populated sec­ interest standards-they should not ca.use an tions of the country. If customers in these increase in rates for residential customers, or sections had to pay the full costs of their wastefully dupllcate existing facilities and long-distance services, the rates would be UNITED TELECOMMUNICATIONS AN­ service, or impair the technical integrity of SWERS CRITICISM OF CONSUMER almost prohibitive. Yet competition, by forc­ the national network. ing a. reduction in rates over the high-density COMMUNICATIONS REFORM ACT These points and others are discussed in and less costly routes, forces rate increases somewhat greater detail in the attached upon many miles of low-density service. memorandum, which I trust will contribute This concept has no relationship to rates HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK to a. broader understanding of these impor­ in the suburbs compared to rates in the inner tant issues. cities. However, as for the relative costs and OF OHI:O Respectfully, charges within these areas, a.gain the facts IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES JOHN M. LOTHSCHUETZ. do not support Chairman Macdonald's state­ Thursday, May 13, 1976 ment. Studies submitted to the New York A RESPONSE. TO THE STATEMENT OF THE Public Service Commission by New York Tele­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, an im­ HONORABLE TORBERT H. MAcooN.'U.D ON THE phone, for example, have shown that revenues portant bill that I am sponsoring is the CONSUMER COMMUNI:CATION~ REFORM ACT a.re much higher relative to costs in Nassau and Westchester County suburbs than in Consumer Communications Reform Act OF 1976 of 1976. This legislation is designed to New York City itself. 1. Mr. Macdonald's Statement, " ... their 5. Mr. Macdonald's Statement, Chainnan prevent a major increase in residential goal: to legally prohibit anyone other than Macdonald recommends " . . . a reduced telephone rates. themselves from competing for the public's charge for basic local telephone service fol­ Unfortunately the Consumer Commu­ interest." lowing the usage sensitive pricing approach." nications Reform Act has recently come Response, the goal of the legislation is not Response, the telephone companies are under attack. Congressman TORBERT to prohibit competition but to keep rates for closely studying the concept of usage sensi­ local service to homes as low as possible, so tive pricing of local service as a means of MACDONALD, past chairman of the Sub­ almost everyone can afford a telephone. The committee on Communications of the requiring customers who cause additional Bill in no way eliminates competition in costs to pay more to offset those costs. How­ House Interstate and Foreign Commerce either terminal equipment or private line ever, more than 70 % of the costs of the fa­ Committee, has criticized the act and services. cilities required to provide basic telephone urged other Congressmen to refrain In the case of terminal equipment, it sim­ service to a. subscriber do not vary with the from introducing it. ply affirms that terminal equipment should amount of use by the subscriber. Thus, a The telephone industry, · including be regulated by state commissions rather usage senitive pricing plan cannot offset the United Telephone Co. of Ohio, a wholly than the FCC. This makes sense because the undesirable effects of a loss in support for state commissions are responsible for regu­ local service from long-distance and optional owned subsidiary of United Telecommu­ lating the price and quality of local service, nications, Inc., supports this legislation. services. and terminal equipment is used far more for 6. Mr. Macdonald's Statement " ... if com­ United Telecommunications has sent me local service than for interstate service. petition is to be allowed, it must be fair. a response to the issues raised by Con­ In the case of private lines, the legislation There is no consumer advantage to be gained gressman MACDONALD. would merely require that the operations of from denying the established carriers the For the information of my colleagues, specialized carriers should not result in opportunity to take advantage of any econo­ following is the text of that response: wasteful duplication of resources, higher mies inherent in their operations." 14030 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 Response, on this point we agree fully with home telephone customers make so many ACADEMIC FREEDOM AND HUMAN Chairman Macdonald. We deplore that the long distance calls that the potential reduc­ RIGHTS IN LATIN AMERICA FCC, despite promises to the contrary, has tions in their long distance charges would restricted existing carriers from competing offset the increase in rates for local service. fully and has discriminated in favor of the In fact, nearly one-third of our residence new carriers. customers make no long distance calls at all HON. ANDREW YOUNG We agree that a competitive structure will in any given month. If services are repriced OF GEORGIA require prices to be related more directly to so that local rates cover the full cost of fa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES costs. We must point out, however, that re­ cilities needed to provide local residential lating rates fully to costs could have ad­ service-without any help from long distance Thursday, May 13, 1976 verse effects on millions of consumers. Today, prices-the vast majority of customers will Mr. YOUNG of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, for example, the cost of providing just the wind up with much higher total telephone line that connects each home to the local bills. The only customers with lower bills one of the most perplexing problems f ac­ telephone office averages more than $11 a will be business firms and a very small frac­ ing the American people today is the month-more than the average monthly rate tion of residential customers. public stance we should take about other customers now pay for their home telephone 11. Mr. Macdonald's Statement, "The list governments which repress and exploit service. If our services were repriced so that of new technologies developed by Bell in re­ their own citizens. We have learned residential service covers the full costs of sponse to competition does indeed promise through our own struggle that "liberty such facilities, local residential rates would impressive consumer benefits." and justice for all" is the legitimate as­ have to go up by 75 percent or more. Response, Chairman Macdonald is right piration of all peoples. 7. Mr. Macdonald's Statement, "What is that new technologies developed and pio­ their justification for legialation which is so neered by the Bell System have led to out­ This aspiration is part of our own na­ clearly contrary to established national standing consumer beneflts--a.nd will con­ tional heritage as perceived by the policy?" tinue to do so in the future. The Bell Sys­ founding citizens of this Nation. As a Response, this legislation seeks to have tem's record of scientific discovery and tech­ people, we rightly repudiate U.S. foreign Congress reaffirm its intent, as expressed in nological innovation-a record that has re­ policy that ignores this concern. As a the Communications Act of 1934, as to what ceived international recognition and ac­ people, we seriously question the horrible national telecommunications policy is and claim-has been sustained without interrup­ human cost of terrorism, torture, and re­ should be. The FCC decisions which have tion for decades, long before competition in pression so evident in recent decades. forced the introduction of this legislation ap­ telecommunications even became an issue. parently were never contemplated by Con­ This record was documented in testimony of I want to call to the attention of my gress. As a result, we believe that it is these Robert R. Nathan before the United States colleagues a recent and thoughtful ap­ decisions, not the legislation, that are "so Senate in which he concluded, "the tele­ proach to the question of U.S. relations clearly contrary to established national pol­ phone industry has outperformed competi­ with military governments in Latin icy." At any rate, such fundamental changes tive industry in those very attributes com­ America. Meeting in Atlanta at the end in the methods of delivering and pricing tele­ petition is supposed to enhance-in pricing of March, the sixth national meeting of communications services should be fully performance, in innovation, in reliability and the Latin American Studies Association aired and evaluated within Congress to de­ quality of service and in assuring ample adopted a series of resolutions expressing termine where the public interest truly lies. supply to meet demand." 1 More recently 8. Mr. Macdonald's Statement " ... the a study conducted by Arthur D. Little, Inc., a majority opinon of over 200 scholars. telephone companies argue that competition on behalf of the Bell System for submission The association's Committee on Aca­ must be stifled so that they can act as an to the FCC in Docket 20003 found that demic Freedom and Human Rights is arm of the Federal government in redistrib­ neither the innovative record nor reason­ circulating a resolution to all public and uting income." able evaluations of economic theory lead to private agencies in the United States that Response, the purpose of the existing rate the conclusion that total innovative output fund educational grants to Chile. The patterns is not to redistribute income but to will increase significantly as a result of the help achieve the national goal of universal five resolutions are inserted below: Commission's new policies of multiple sup­ To: Organizations concerned with Academic service as set forth by Congress in the Com­ ply of telecommunications servcies. On the munications Act of 1934 and by the Legis­ Programs in Latin America contrary, multiple supply carries with it a From: The Committee on Academic Freedom latures of the several states. The telephone potential for a reduction in just the types companies, pursuant to the urging of regu­ and Human Rights of the Latin Amer­ of innovation that have made the U.S. tele­ ican Studies Association lators, have priced their services in a way to phone system the best in the world/.? make local service widely and readily afford­ Date: April 18, 1976 12. Mr. Macdonald's Statement, "The car­ Subject: Recent Actions of the LASA Plenary able. More than 94 percent of American riers propose to turn jurisdiction of terminal homes now have telephones. All we a.re say­ at the VI National Meeting of the LASA equipment over to the states . . . This sug­ Executive Council and of the Commit­ ing is that it is now up to Congress-not the gestion is extremely curious in view of the FCC-to determine where it is in the public tee on Academic Freedom and Human repeated references throughout the carrier's Rights interest to make changes in telecommunica­ proposal to the intega.ted system, but the tions policy which will require the abandon­ 1. Four Resolutions of the Plenary of the purpose is, I think, clear. Having lost in VI National Meeting of LASA were adopted ment of these pricing principles. We are not their bid to restrain competition at the out to "stifle" competition but merely to that may bear on your consideration of sup­ federal level, they seek to change the juris­ port for academic programs in Latin Amer­ focus attention on the probable consequences diction and try again." of injecting competition into telecommunica­ ica. These resolutions, which have only the Response, we are not proposing to "change" force of recommendations to the Executive tions where it is unnecessary and wasteful. jurisdiction over terminal equipment and 9. Mr. Macdonald's Statement " ... this Council under LASA By-Laws, were adopted claim of arbitrarily structuring rates is the "return" it to the states. Rather, we are on Friday, March 26, 1976, in Atlanta, Geor­ sole claim that the telephone compauies can asking Congess to reaffirm its intent-as ex­ gia. Copies of these resolutions are attached make against competition." pressed in the Communications Act of 1934- for your information. Response, the effects of federal regulatory that that ls where the jurisdiction properly 2. The following day (March 27) the Com­ policies creating competition in telecommu­ has been all along. We see no way that state mittee on Academic Freedom and Human nications are threefold. First, these policies regulators can effectively regulate local tele­ Rights (Brady Tyson, Chairperson, Patricia will raise the overall cost of telephone service phone rates and service unless they have full Fagen, William Wipfler, Tom Skidmore and to the nation by producing a wasteful dupli­ jurisdiction over the terminal equipment Kalman Silvert) unanimously adopted the cation of interstate facilities and services. that is an integral part of it. The reaffirma­ followin« resolution in an attempt to clarify Second, by fragmenting responsib111ty for the tion of state jurisdiction over terminal equip­ the sense of the Plenary discussion, and its planning and management of the nationwide ment does not speak at all to the issue of own feelings on the matter: network, they will impair the network's competition. "The Committee on Academic Freedom technical performance and lead to poorer What is more, our belief in state regulation and Human Rights strongly urges all grant­ service. And third, they will force the tele­ of terminal equipment in no way contradicts giving institutions in the U.S. to refrain from phone companies to relate their prices more our insistence upon network unity. Both all grants to U.S. scholars and institutions directly to costs so that the average home state and federal regulation have coexisted for research and teaching in Chile, and all telephone customer will wind up paying virtually during the entire period when the grants to Chilean teaching and research in­ much more for his service. unified_network was being constructed. stitutions, because: 10. Mr. Macdonald's Statement, " ... " ( 1) the persona.I security of U.S. scholars virtually all of the economic impact of com­ 1 Hearings on S. 1167 before the Subcom­ in Chile may be in jeopardy given the lack petition hypothesized in the recent United mittee on Antitrust and Monopoly of the of due process of law, and States Independent Telephone Association Senate Committee on the Judiciary, 93d Con­ "(2) the absence of freedom of teaching in study is simply higher local rates accom­ gress, 2d Session, Pt. 6 at 8982 (1974). the classroom, and panied by lower long distance rates of an 2 First supplemental response of the Bell "(3) the absence of the necessary freedom equal amount." System companies in FCC Docket 20003 dated of exchange of Informa,tion and opinions Response, fewer than ten percent of all April 8, 1975. necessary for most research, and May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14031 "(4) the absence of autonomy of the Uni­ ciation reaffirms it.s belief that academic free­ calls upon the military junta of Argentina versity in Chile today, dom is one of the essential human rights and to honor the full range of universally ac­ "Unless, in any specific case, there is a is necessary for the health of a free and pro­ cepted human rights, and to guarantee the finding of fa.ct that the p.Articula.r situation gressive society, and, physical and persona.I integrity of Argentine is substantially different so a.s to remedy "That the La.tin American Studies Asso­ citizens and foreigners in your country.' the ,above defects." ciation protest the actions of the Govern­ "Be it further resolved, That the Latin After deliberation on Sunday, March 28, ment of Chile and the Government of Uru­ American Studies Association hereby direct 1976, the Executive Council of LASA voted guay, a.s well as all other nations of the its Executive Council to send an official copy to receive the report of the Committee on Hemisphere who have experienced similar of this resolution to the Secretary of State Academic Freedom and Human Rights, with tribulations, in their difficult struggle to of the United States, the Chairman of the the understanding that the committee would maintain the ideal of academic freedom, and, Senate Committee on Foreign Relations and circulate the resolution, in its own name, to "That the Latin American Studies Asso­ the Chairman of the House Committee on the indicated agencies. The Executive Coun­ ciation hereby direct its Executive Council to International Affairs.'' cil further indicated its intention to keep send an official copy of this resolution to the the situation of academic freedom and uni­ President of the United States, the Secretary versity ,autonomy in Chile under close watch, of State of the United States, all the mem­ and indicated the possiblltty that it may, bers of the Congress of the United States, to perhaps in the near future, take a formal U.S. professional academic associations, and HIGHER EDUCATION position of its own. the Secretary General of the Union de Uni­ 3. The Committee on Academic Freedom versidades de America Latina. with the re­ and Human Rights of LASA believes that it quest that it be transmitted to the Facul­ HON. JOSEPH D. EARLY has the strongest possible backing from the ties and Student Bodies of that association." OF MASSACHUSETTS great majority of LASA members, and from Adopted by the Plenary of the VI National the Executive Council, in its desire to raise Meeting of the Latin American Studies Asso­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES these questions, and to discuss them fully ciation, on Friday March 26, 1976, in Atlanta, Thursday, May 13, 1976 and openly with all concerned. The Com­ Georgia, as a recommendation to the Execu­ mittee, thus assured in its own mind, intends tive Council of LASA. Mr. EARLY. Mr. Speaker, I want to t o pursue this matter with vigor, and invites congratulate Chairman O ~HARA and the responses and inquiries from all those ON THE FREE MOVEMENT OF SCHOLARS members of the Subcommittee on Post­ interest ed. "Whereas the Latin American Studies Asso­ secondary Education for their excellent Adopted by the Plenary of the VI National ciation is committed to freedom of opinion Meeting of the Latin American Studies Asso­ and research, and, work on the Higher Education Act ciation, on Friday, March 26, 1976, in Atlanta, "Whereas that commitment requires that Amendments of 1976. I have no doubt Georgia, as a recommendation to the Execu­ scholars enjoy the freedom of travel and that this was a most difficult measure for tive Council of LASA. speak freely with their colleagues throughout the subcommittee, in light of the admin­ A REAFFIRMATION OF THE COMMITMENT OF THE the Western Hemisphere, and, istration's pressure to eliminate several LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES ASSOCIATION TO THE "Whereas visa applications to visit the of the programs included in the bill, and UNIVERSAL APPLICABILITY AND NECESSITY OF United States by Latin American scholars, I am very pleased that their efforts cul­ ACADEMIC FREEDOM AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILI­ students, and intellectuals have been treated minated in what I believe to be a pro­ TY OF THE HIGHER EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY with inordinate delays, bureaucratic ob­ ductive, farsighted piece of legislation. That the Latin American Studies Asso- structionism, and hidden arbitrariness, by the U.S. government, and, My district-third, Massachusetts-is ciation reaffirms its beliefs that Academic fortunate to have over 10 of the finest col­ Freedom is necessary for a free and progres­ "Whereas such arbitrariness has just been sive society, in all nations of the world, repeated in the State Department's reversal leges and universities in this country and, of its prior commitment to issue visas to the within its borders. The State of Massa­ That the Latin American Studies Asso­ five Cuban delegates invited to attend this chusetts is well noted for its many, varied, ciation reaffirms its commitment to the pur­ LASA National meeting, quality postsecondary institutions. I am suit of truth as a social responsibility, and "Be it resolved that, The Latin American proud of that reputation and I am com­ to the greater accountabillty of the academic Studies Association directs its Executive mitted to insuring that every able and community to the whole society, national Council to appoint an ad hoc committee to willing high school graduate in this coun­ and international, and, investigate allegations of undue delays or try have the opportunity to continue his denials of visa applications by the U.S. gov­ That U.S. institutions and organizations In representing academia. and individuals act­ ernment on political grounds; to review the or her education. that context, Con­ ing on their behalf, should be ready to take current legal regulations on the issuance of gress must look at today's potential post­ a.11 necessary steps to disassociate themselves U.S. visas, and to investigate other restric­ secondary student, and at the institu­ from any actions and relationships with tions on the travel and exchange of scholars, tions available to serve that student, and countries in which it is evident that massive students, and intellectuals in the Hemisphere, recognize the changes that have taken and systematic violations of academic free­ as the committee deems relevant. This Com­ place or will soon take place in the higher dom have occurred in order that such actions mittee's findings shall then be reported to education arena. Certainly the most ef­ and relationships might not appear to con­ the Executive Council for such further action as the Council deems appropriate." fective higher education programs we done these violations. have are the student assistance pro­ SOLIDARITY WITH THE STUDENTS AND PRO­ NoTE.--Subsequent to the adoption of this grams, and it is right that they should be FESSORS OF THE UNIVERSITIES OF CHILE resolution, the Executive Council named a AND URUGUAY committee of three persons: Riordan Roett the focus of this bill. I cannot protest "Whereas in the past few years the univer­ (S.A.I.S.), Chairperson, Roberta. Salper strongly enough the President's attempts sities of Uruguay and Chile have had au­ (I.P.S.), and Henry Landsberger (U. of N.C.) to eliminate the supplemental grant pro­ tonomy all but destroyed by government in­ to carry out the investigation called for in gram and the direct loan program and tervention, and this resolution. to severely cut the college work-study "Whereas freedom of opinion, debate, and ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND ACADEMIC FREEDOM program. of research have been circumscribed in these IN ARGENTINA We have not, in the past, reached all same universities, and "Whereas the Latin American Studies As­ of the students in financial need of Fed­ "Whereas many students and professors sociation has convened its Sixth National eral assistance to begin or continue their have been expelled from their positions with­ Meeting in Atlanta. shortly after the acces­ out the benefit of the process of law, and sion to power of a new government in Ar­ postsecondary educations. And, we have "Whereas professors and students have gentina, and a number of administrative problems in been detained by military and police security "Whereas, under the prior government several of these programs where funds forces without due process of law, and serious violations of human rights occurs have been inadvertently directed, not at "Whereas many students and faculty mem­ including the curtailment of academic free­ the economically disadvantaged student, bers have been physically and psychically dom and attacks upon the physical and as Congress had intended, but to stu­ mistreated, and that some have died under personal integrity of individuals, dents capable of funding their own edu­ torture, and "Be it therefore resolved: That the Latin cation. I am anxious to see the problems "Whereas it has been reported to us by American Studies Association address itself in this area checked, primarily because I colleagues of great integrity that in both of to .General Jorge Videla., President of the their sister republics the present govern­ truly believe that our financial assistance Argentine mil1tary junta in the following programs are well constructed and I do ments are imposing upon the universities terms: 'Encouraged by the statement of the curricula that mock the great tradition of military junta. that it would govern with not want to see them lose credibility in free universities everywhere by undermining "respect for the law within a framework of the face of what, up to now, is bona fide freedom of speech and opinion, order and respect for human dignity, the criticism. I wholeheartedly support the "Be it therefore Resolved: La.tin American Studies Association, at its amendments contained in H.R. 12851 di­ "That the Latin American Studies Asso- Sixsth National Meeting in Atlanta, Georgia, rected to these abuses and I support the 14032 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 subcommittee's intention to continue its I am sure that my colleagues will join vigorous and dynamic program, expanding review of the Basic Education Opportu­ with me in congratulating both Rev. and further enriching the work which he found in operation here. New properties were nities Grants-BEOG's-program. Albert T. Rowan, pastor, and the congre­ purchased for parking and possible expan­ The Higher Education Act Amend­ gation of Bethany Baptist Church at this sion from Olivet to Hampden on Ea.st 105th ments will continue the basic education milestone in their long, and fruitful St. Our parking lot has been paved and opportunities grants program, the sup­ history. beautifully marked a.nd its surroundings have plemental grant program, the national The article follows: been improved. Our church and parsonage direct student loan program and the vet­ THE HISTORY OF THE BETHANY BAPTIST have been completely renovated and a new . erans cost-of-instruction program for 1 CHURCH heating plant has been installed in our church. Our beautiful pipe organ was com­ fiscal year. It provides an authorization "O come, let us sing unto the Lord: let petely rebuilt and many structural changes of $400,000,000 for national direct stu­ us make a joyful noise to the rock of our ha.ve been ma.de inside our church building. dent loan, $.540,000,000 for college work­ salvation. Let us come before His presence Pastor Rowan continued the tradition of study and makes that program perma­ with thanksgiving and make a joyful noise bringing nationally known clergymen and nent, and increases the TRIO pro­ unto Him with psa.lms."-Psalm 95: 1-2 laymen to us for edification. Among them The Bethany Baptist Church was organized were Dr. Charles Dinkins, president of Owen grams-upward bound, talent search, and as a congregation in April 1926. The young special services-authorization to $250,- College, Memphis, Tennessee; the Rev. Tom church grew spiritually and in the year 1928 Skinner, evangelist of Brooklyn, New York; 000,000. The State student incentive called the Rev. Robert Caver of Little grant program is also extended. Rock, Arkansas as pastor. The years that fol­ Dr. W. O. Mays, president of the Wester11 States Convention; Dr. Joseph O. Bass, Exec­ In addition to these basic authoriza­ lowed were blessed with much spiritual prog­ ress. Under Rev. Caver's leadership a church utive Secretary of -the Home Mission Board, tions the bill makes significant improve­ Progressive National Baptist Convention; the ments in several of these programs. It building was purchased at 71st and Kinsman Road. Honorable Carl B. Stokes, former Mayor of permits several States to begin proc­ Cleveland; Steven L. Minter, Director of Wel­ essing basic grant applications of State As the depression began to take its toll, fare, State of Massachusetts; the late Dr. Bethany found herself without a church residents in cc;,ordination with the proc­ M. Parker Burroughs, Cleveland Baptist As­ home, and after some yea.rs of worship at the sociation; Mrs. Margaret Smith of Chicago, essing of applications for St&te student Phillis Wheatley Center, the present building aid grants. Through these experiments Illinois of the Foreign Mission Board of the wa.s selected and occupied in 1945 and ha.d 75 Progressive National Baptist Convention, students in those States will be able to members. A great rebirth of rededication oc­ Mrs. Conella Brown, Assistant Superintend­ file one application and receive one eligi­ curred within the congregation. The mortgage ent of Schools of Cleveland, Ohio; the btlity notice for both the basic grant and was soon liquidated and a great Evangelistic Honorable Louis Stokes, Congressman, State grant programs, significantly sim­ Ministry by Rev. Caver was rewarded with 21st Congressional District; the late Rev. w. plifying the application process and ma.ny converts. Arthur LeMon, Director of Community Re­ opening the door to a closer Federal­ In September 1953, Rev. Caver was called lations, City of Cleveland; Bertram Gardner, State partnership in delivery of student from labor to rest leaving a strong and thriv­ Director of Personnel of Cleveland Trust ing congregation thoroughly dedicated in its Company a.nd many others. aid. work in the transitional Glenville area. as well Along with work-study, the coopera­ as in the city as a. whole. Rev. Caver left a. Our membership has experienced a. steady tive education program is also made a spiritual legacy, the impact of which we con­ growth. At present our membership numhers permanent program thereby reaffirming tinue to feel today. He was a. spiritual leader over 1,350 with an average Sunday School with a deep a.nd abiding faith in God. His attendance of 250 per Sunday with a sta~ of our commitment to programs that pro­ 26 officers a.nd teachers. Missionary groups vide students with career-related work determination wa.s strong a.nd his advice and counsel was sought, esteemed, and respected in addition to those that exist have been experience and an opportunity to support by clergymen throughout the nation. formed. Youth Seminars are held each year their own education. The lower auditorium of our church build­ and a permanent Courtesy Committee has Mr. Speaker, the Congress must con­ ing has been named the R. M. Caver Memo­ been organized. Each year the "Student tinue to examine the Federal role in rial Ha.11 in honor of his memory and work. Night a.t Christmas" is held for our students higher education-to redefine that role This was done in 1966 under the administra­ home from school for the holtda.ys. Our when necessary and to modify and im­ tion of our present pastor by unanimous church Day Ca.re Center with Pastor Rowan as its Administrator is in operation five full prove existing programs to achieve max­ vote of the church. da.ys per week with a full staff including a. imum efiectiveness. As a member of the The Rev. McCarthy Southerland was head teacher, substitute teachers, education­ Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor/ called from Norfolk, Virginia. in 1954 as al director, parent-counselor and dietary HEW I am particularly pleased with this pastor. Under his leadership spirltual life aide. The financial status of our church is legislation and I see it as a genuine at­ was greatly enhanced, eminent and outstand­ the highest in its history! ing clergymen from many states came to us tempt at fortifying existing higher edu­ with great messages of faith a.nd persever­ Bethany Baptist Church holds member­ cation programs and at improving those ance a.t the invitation of Rev. Southerland. ship in the National Baptist Convention, program mechanisms so that they can There was a continuous interchange of con­ U.S.A. Inc., the American Baptist Churches, better identify the needs of students and gregational worship with other churches in the Progressive National Baptist Convention, better service those needs as the Congress the city a.nd state. Five laymen heard the the Inner City Protestant Parish, the Ohlo intended. ca.ll to the Gospel Ministry; a. Mission to Haiti State Convention, the Northern Ohio District was sponsored under the mantle of the Lott Association, the -Northern Ohio Congress of Carey Baptist Foreign Mission Convention; Christian Education, and a Life Membership tithing was instituted as a dimension of in the N.A.A.C.P. worship; a. teaching ministry was begun with Pastor Rowan has demonstrated dynamic CLEVELAND CHURCH REACHES THE classes for new members, deacons, deacon­ and visionary leadershlp, a concern for God'e HALF-CENTURY MARK esses, trustees, church school teachers, and church and her people, and most importantly, a.uxlliary leaders. A Board of Christian Edu­ a.n unshakable and contagious faith in the cation was organized which sponsored Youth promises of God. HON. LOUIS STOKES Seminars, Day Camps, Vacation Bible HOPE, HERITAGE, AND HORIZON OF OHIO Schools, and Training Unions. A parsonage Bethany has a. rich heritage in the legacy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was purchased on Herrick Road and extensive of those bold and radiant Christians, who renovation and decoration was also accom­ through faith overcame obstacles both spir­ Thursday, May 13, 1976 plished in the church building. Rev. Souther­ itual and physical to bring us to this time land was a man highly respected as a man of and place in the kingdom. Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, since Its faith, dedication, and deep spiritual con­ inception in 1926, Bethany Baptist viction. By the works of those who were before us, Church has been one of the most stable Rev. Southerland now serves a.s president we are mandated to seek new horizons of and Influential forces in the Cleveland service, to set priorities for Kingdom build­ of the Virginia College and Seminary in ing in the next 50 years. religious community. Lynchburg, Virginia. This April, the congregation had oc­ The Rev. Albert T. Rowan wa.s called after Our hope ls built on nothing less than casion to celebrate its 50th anniversary. the resignation of Rev. Southerland. Rev. Jesus' blood and righteousness. In commemoration of this auspicious Rowan came from a. successfuI pastorate a.t HISTORICAL NOTES the Salem Baptist Church, Champaign, 1926: Bethany Baptist Church was orga­ event, I am submitting to the attention Dlinols. He and his family took residence nized. Rev. Mack T. Wllliams, Pastor. of my colleagues in the House of Repre­ in Cleveland in August 1964. He wa.s for­ Bethany Baptist Church Sunday School { sentatives, a brief history of Bethany mally iinstalled as pastor of Bethany Bap­ wa.s organized. C. Morgan Dabney, Superin­ Baptist Church which appeared in their tist Church, December 18, 1964. tendent. Mrs. · Lela. Lewis, Mrs. Katie Irvin, 50th anniversary brochure. Pastor Rowan immediately instituted a. a.nd Mrs. Ann Vickers were teachers. May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14033 The first church building was located at of a widely syndicated column in the curacy and cogency" of its April 25 editorial Ea.st 72nd and Kinsman. American press, recently commended a on this matter, Thompson pointed out that Rev. Richard Oliver served as pastor for a letter which our colleague, Congressman the failure of the House of Representatives short time after the resignation of Rev. Wil­ to appropriate money to pay our back dues liams. FRANK THOMPSON, recently published in to the !LO will have a boomerang effect. It 1927: Rev. Robert M. Caver was called as the New York Times. will, he said, seriously undercut Kissinger's pastor. Congressman THOMPSON stated that efforts to correct or modify the particular The church moved to a larger faclllty at the failure of the House of Representa­ ILO policies and procedures which our gov­ East 71st and Kinsman, which is the present tives to appropriate money to pay the ernment objects to. Garden Valley Neighborhood Center. back dues of the United States to the ILO Congressman Thompson and the New Mrs. Elizabeth Hayes was Superintendent is "morally and legally wrong." Mon­ York Times a.re to be congratulated on hav­ of the Sunday School. signor Higgins concurs completely with ing taken such a forthright stand on this 1945: Bethany moved to its present church issue. Surely this is no time for the United home. that view and enunciates some of the States to be making a. spectacle of itself in The mortgage was liquidated in a few short dangerous consequences that will follow the world community of nations by default­ years. by the defaulting of American obliga­ ing on its financial obligations to the ILO Rev. J. V. Watkins was Superintendent of tions on the part of the House of Rep­ or any other international organization. This the Sunday School. resentatives. kind of financial blackmail ls unworthy of 1950: Mr. Roy Clark was Superintendent Monsignor Higgins' article, which will the most powerful nation in the world. of the Sunday School. be published nationwide during the week In his letter to the New York Times, con­ The Sunday School was departmentalized gressman Thompson made another point and graded classes were established. beginning May 24, 1976, follows: which Congressional and other critics of the 1953: Rev. Caver passed from labor to ON PAYING OUR DuEs TO THE IL.O. Il,O ought to take into serious consideration. reward. (By Msgr. George G. Higgins) He noted that the straw that broke the Rev. J. V. Watkins became interim pastor. The International Labor Organization-a camel's back-the particular incident which 1954: Rev. McCarthy C. Southerland was tripartite organization ma.de up of govern­ triggered the present critis concerning called as pastor. ment, labor and employer delegates-is by far United States participation in the !LO-­ the oldest of the so-called specialized agen­ was the admission of the Palestinian Lib­ Accomplishments emtion Organization (PLO) as an observer Five laymen called to preach. cies of the United Nations. Esta.bllshed in in the general and regional conferences of Tithing instituted. 1919, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzer­ the Organization. Thompson found It Board of Christian Education organized. land, its purpose is to promote the cause of anomalous for several reasons th&t this in­ Parsonage purchased. social Justice for working men and women cident should have moved our government Church Building renovated. not only in the industrialized nations but, to threaten to withdraw from the n..o. "'l'he 1960: Lott Carey Baptist Foreign Mission more especially at the present time, in the ILO," he noted "W'as among the last of a.11 Convention convened in Cleveland with developing nations in the so-called Third the organizaJtions in the U.N. system to ad­ Bethany as host church. World. mit the PLO to observer status. We are 1962: Mission to Haiti-Rev. Southerland The United States has been a member of making no plans to withdraw from any of was on leave to establish a Seminary for the ILO since 1934, but even before our gov­ the others. While we express our intention training Haitian ministers. ernment Joined the Organization, the Amer­ to leave, the Israelis, who a.re the object of 1964: Rev. Albert T. Rowan was ca.lled as ican labor movement was one of its strong­ PLO attacks, elected to remain. In fa.ct, Mr. pastor. est supporters. Since 1934, the U.S. govern­ Ben-Israel of Histradut (the Israeli labor Accomplishments ment a.nd representatives of American work­ movement) was elected to the governing ers and American employers have played a Pipe Organ rebuilt. body of the ILO." very important role in the Organization. The Congressman's point is well taken. Church and parsonage renovated. In recent yea.rs, however, U.S. support for This ls not to agree, however with the Properties purchased from Hampden to the !LO has given wa.y to increasing concern. seating of the PLO at !LO meetings. To my Olivet. The matter finally ca.me to a. head Ia.st No­ way of thinking, that was a. serious mistake, Boa.rd of Christian Education re-organized. vember when Secretary of State Kissinger, and I am glad that the American cJ.elega.tes Day Ca.re Center. presumably at the urging of the American to the 1975 !LO Conference fought it to the Quarterly Sunday School workshops. labor movement and the U.S. employer dele­ finish a.nd a.re still trying to get it reversed. Three laymen called to mlnistry. gates to the !LO, served notice of the inten­ Again, however, a word of caution is fn Student Night at Christmas. tion of the U.S. to withdraw from the Orga­ order. As AFL-CIO President George Meany Black History Month. nization. pointed out in 1961 when the ILO was in­ Youth Seminars and Church retreats. Secretary Klssinger lists four matters of volved in a similar crisis, the way to propa­ Church purchased life membership in fundamental concern: gate the democratic faith ls "to stand firm N.A.A.C.P. ( 1) The erosion of tripartite representation .against totalitarianism in such world 1975: About our Pastor: in the !LO forums as the !LO." At that time, the United Received honorary Doctor of Divinity de­ (2) ILO's allegedly selective concern for States employer delegates were nomina.ted gree from Virginia College and Seminary, human rights Jointly by the National Association of Man­ Lynchburg, Virginia. ufacturers and the U.S. Ch'a.mber of Com­ Jllected aa President of the Northern Ohio (3) ILO's alleged disregard of due process merce. The NAM elected to boycott t.he Or­ Congress of Christian Education. (4) The increasing pollticiza.tion of the ganization. Fortunately, however, the Cham­ Campaign Manager for the Rev. Dr. E. The­ Organization. ber of Commerce broke with the NAM on ophilus Caviness in his election to the Cleve­ It is important to note that the U.S. has this issue and continued to nominate em­ land City Council. not actually withdrawn from the !LO but ployer delegS1tes. President Meany stated Appointed to a seven year term on the has simply served notice of its Intention to tha.t the Cha.mber's decision was "realistic Cleveland Library Board by the Cleveland withdraw. I interpret this as an effort on and statesmanlike." Contra.rywlse, he sa.1.d, Boa.rd of Education. the part of the U.S. to dramatize the extent the NAM's position was extremely unfortu­ Listed in "Who's Who in Black America.." of its concern with the way things have nate. Pastor Rowan is presently enrolled in a pro­ been going in the ILO. In other words, it Mr. Meany was dead right. We have gram at Ashland, Ohio which leads to degrees would appear to be a bargaining tactic. everything to lose and nothing to ga.in by of Master of Divinity and Doctor of Ministry adopting an isolationist policy with regard I understand and can sympathize with the to the United Nations a.nd it.s specialized in Psychology and Pastoral Counseling. position taken by Secretary Kissinger. While \ I hope and pray that the United States will ia.gencles. not withdraw from the !LO, I think the points raised in his letter merit serious con­ MSGR. GEORGE HIGGINS COM­ sideration. JET NOISE REDUCTION MENDS CONGRESSMAN FRANK On the other hand, a word of caution is THOMPSON'S VIEWS ON THE IN­ in order. Whatever the ILO's shortcomings, TERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZA­ there can be no justification for the fallure HON. NORMAN Y. MINETA TION~ILO of the United States House of Representa­ OF CALIFORNIA tives to appropriate funds to pay our 1975 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES assessment to the Organization. !LO dues a.re paid on a calendar-year basis. The United Thursday, May 13, 1976 HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN States has not paid 11:.s dues since the first OF MASSACHUSETTS of July 1975. Mr. MINETA. Mr. Speaker, we on the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Aviation Subcommittee of the Public I fully agree with Congressman Frank Works and Transportation have recently Thursday, May 13, 1976 Thomnson of the House Labor Committee that this is "morally and legally wrong." In completed a thorough and enlightening Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, Msgr. a sharply worded letter-to-the-editor con­ series of hearings on the problem of atr­ George G. Higgins, a well-known author gratulating the New York Times on the "ac- Port noise. The extent of this problem. 14034 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 and its rapid growth into the future, are ing on November 4, 1970, and another of retrofit activity, assumptions about truly shocking. Chairman GLENN ANDER­ ANPRM on January 30, 1973. An future inflation, and the size and mix of SON has characterized airport noise as NPRM followed on March 22, 1974, man­ the fleet to be retrofitted. "the most serious problem facing aviation dating 100 percent fleet compliance with While the FAA has the authority to re­ today." Paul Ignatius, president of the FAR 36 over a 4-year period. A draft quire retrofit, it obviously does not have Air Transport Association, characterized environmental impact statement on that the authority to compensate the airlines noise as a ''major constraint" on com­ NPRM was published in December 1974. for the costs of such regulation. mercial aviation. The operat.ors of our In July 1975, the FAA, in testimony be­ Throughout the 1970's generally-and Nation's airports have testified that be­ fore the House Subcommittee on Aero­ certainly today-the airlines have been cause of noise, "airport development is nautics and Space Technology, endorsed simply incapable of absorbing those being stopped, airline operations are be­ the retrofitting of the current commer­ costs: they cannot raise the capital ing constrained, and the communities cial fleet to meet FAR 36 standards as through revenues or credit. Retrofit has, that own and operate public airports are "the cornerstone of our noise control therefore, run aground on a chicken­ being judged legally liable for millions of program." In December 1975, and again and-the-egg absurdity: you cannot prac­ dollars in damages." in February 1976, the FAA testified be­ tically regulate fleet noise without legis­ There are presently 16 million Ameri­ fore the House Aviation Subcommittee lation providing funding, and yet there is cans living within the noise impact cor­ and again endorsed retrofitting the ex­ no unavoidable urgency to provide such ridors of our Nation's airports. Approxi­ isting fleet. The FAA produced in Jan­ funding legislation in the absence of mately 6 million of those Americans live uary 1976, two additional studies setting regulation. on the 900,000 acres of land within NEF forth the case for retrofit: "Aircraft The Department of Transportation, of 30 + noise impact contours, which the Noise Reduction Approaches to Mitiga­ which FAA is a subordinate part, holds FAA describes as a "generally unaccept­ tion" and "International Implications of the view that while the FAA has the au­ able" degree of noise impact and which Retrofit." In the first of those reports, thority to promulgate the rule, the FAA the Department of Housing and Urban the FAA concludes: does not have the authority to propose Development deems normally unaccept­ By the end of 1975, some 6 years after the funding legislation to the Congress. That able for new residential construction loan promulgation of FAR 36, about 80 percent of authority DOT has reserved for itself. guarantees. But the costs of noise impact the U.S. air carrier fleet will still exceed the Consequently, the FAA has for some time are not limited t.o those Americans: noise limits of FAR 36. Unless action is been proposing funding legislation t.o the noise damage suits have created cost bur­ taken to either accelerate retirement of the DOT. The DOT has yet to propose legis­ older, noisier aircraft or reduce their noise lation to the Congress. In December 1975, dens on the entire commercial aviation levels, by 1990 almost half ( 48 % ) of the air system and all aviation users ultimately carrier fleet will still not meet the noise Deputy Secretary of Transportation pay those costs. Los Angeles Airport alone standards established in 1969. The trend to­ John W. Barnum testified to the Avia­ has paid out some $23 million over the ward prolonged retention and utilization of tion Subcommittee that the Secretary of last 5 years in noise lawsuit costs. But the noisier older aircraft is supported by the Transportation had "been carefully ex­ this is just the tip of the iceberg; the fact that only 27 wide-body aircraft are cur­ amining the retrofit question since this future is far more ominous. The Airport rently on order. McDonnell-Douglas and past summer." The Secretary is still ex­ Operat.ors Council International has re­ Lockheed have made significant reductions amining the retrofit question. in in production levels and Boeing has shelved cently surveyed its member airports indefinitely plans for the B 727-300. Thus, During these 7 years of proposal, study. the United States, and they found a t.otal with the currently forecasted rates of pro­ and examination, noise impact and its of $779 million in pending lawsuits for duction and new orders, noise relief through costs have not stood in abeyance pending airport noise. That figure has fluctuated normal retirement of older aircraft is not ex­ a Federal decision. In fact, in the ab­ as high as $4 billion in the past 2 years. pected until well beyond 1990 unless some sence of a Federal policy, a curious sys­ All knowledgeable observers expect the action is taken to fulfill the Congressionally­ tem has grown up for dealing with that costs of aircraft noise impact t.o dramati­ mandated requirement to afford present and noise impact and its costs, a system cally escalate into the foreseeable future. future relief from excessive aircraft noise. which was neither proposed nor desired The Congress has laid a good founda­ If ever there has been a prolonged la­ by anyone, and which is illogical and tion of public law from which t.o build a bor, this is it. In its 1972 Noise Control costly. A brief examination of that sys­ solution to this problem. In 1968, Con­ Act Congress attempted to put some ur­ tem will, I think, reveal a great deal gress amended the Federal Aviation Act gency into Federal noise abatement ac­ about this question of the costs of retro­ of 1958 by adding a sew section 611, which · tions. In passing that act the Congress fit. required the Federal Aviation Adminis­ declared it to be the policy of the United The court system has held that the tration to prescribe and amend stand­ States "to promote an environment for local airport operator is legally liable for ards, rules, and regulations "in order to all Americans free from noise that jeo­ the diminution of neighboring property afford present and future relief and pro­ pardizes their health or welfare." The values due to aircraft noise impact, for tection t.o the public from unnecessary Congress further authorized and directed injury to personal health and well-being aircraft noise• • *." The FAA responded Federal agencies to carry out the pro­ due to aircraft noise, for nuisance, an­ to this mandate by promulgating, in grams within their control in such a noyance, strain, worry, anger, fear, frus­ 1969, FAR 36, which set forth noise emis­ manner as to further that declared pol­ tration or irritability short of any de­ sion standards for subsonic transport icy of the United States "to the fullest monstrable injury, and for continuing aircraft and jet aircraft of new design. extent consistent with their authority nuisance-that is a neighbor can repeat­ The significantly quieter performance of under Federal laws administered by edly sue and collect damages. The costs the new wide-body aircraft is the result them." Retrofit has been within the sec­ of these suit damage awards, and the of these regulations. In the preamble to tion 611 authority of the FAA since often considerable costs of litigation, fall FAR 36, the aviation industry was put on 1968, and yet a retrofit rule has never on the airport sponsor, which is in most notice that the FAA planned to regulate been promulgated. cases a local municipality, either a city the noise levels of the existing jet fleet, The 1972 Noise Control Act also gave a or regional authority. This operating / as part of its congressional mandate to proposing and consulting role to the En­ municipality in almost every case has provide present, as well as future, relief. vironmental Protection Agency, al­ separated its own general finances from In 1973, the FAA amended FAR 36 to though the FAA retained final promul­ airport finances, so that all airport costs require newly produced aircraft of older gating authority. The EPA has since must be covered by airport revenues. The designs, beginning no later than Decem­ added its share to the bulk of proposed principal airport revenue source is the ber 31, 1974, t.o comply with FAR 36 noise regulations and studies supporting retro­ landing fees charged the airlines. These emission standards. But still no rule had fit, also to no avail. landing fees are in tum part of the op­ been promulgated requiring the "retro­ The bind in which this process has erating costs which the Civil Aeronautics fit" of the existing fleet to bring it into been caught is an easily understandable Board incorporates into the rate struc­ compliance with FAR 36. FAA's at­ one: money. The retroactive nature of ture of the airlines. The passenger ulti­ tempts t.o promulgate such regulations regulating existing fleet noise carries a mately pays those costs in his ticket have been constant since its announced price tag: cost estimates have ranged price, and to the extent that an airlines' > intentions t.o do so in 1969. It published from $800 million to $1.2 billion, depend- market is price elastic, it loses some por- an advance notice of proposed rulemak- ing on variables such as time duration tion of its potential revenue passengers. ( May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14035 One of the actions local airports are money they are spending on noise im­ of the action we have been so far un­ taking in an effort to protect themselves pact. But this Congress should not shrink able to take-retrofit---with the action from the rising wave of suits is the pur­ from its responsibility to these taxpayers we are, In fact, taking in the absence of chase of those land areas which are gen­ to get them some return for their in­ any policy choice-land purchasing. The erating suits. In the last 5 years, Los An­ vestment. These taxpayers are on a tax present land value of NEF 30+ proper­ geles International has spent $136 mil­ treadmill and not getting anywhere and ties around the Minneapolis-St. Paul lion on land-purchasing, and Logan In­ have no prospects of getting off. airport is $1.4 billion. Around Los An­ ternational has spent $1.118 million. To­ The point is that noise reduction at geles International that figure is $1.52 tal airport expenditures on land pur­ the source would not just benefit those billion. Around JFK International the chasing since 1970 with assistance from 6 million Americans who live in areas figure is $7 billion. As for nationwide the trust fund has been $412.5 million. of unacceptable noise impact, and would figures, the FAA recently reported: These land-purchasing costs are either not just benefit those 16 million Ameri­ An order of magnitude estimate of the cost covered by the airport, like the noise cans who live in areas of some noise im­ of acquiring all of the land which would be litigation costs above, and paid ultimate­ pact. It would also benefit all the users in the NEF so+ zone in 1980 is between $95 ly by the user, or they are paid out of of the aviation system, and would, there­ b1llion and $285 billion-1975$, while the cost that airport's grant assistance from the fore, strengthen the aviation industry. of the NEF 40+ zone 1s between $7.5 billion airport and airways trust fund. At Los The only responsible way to analyze and $18.7 billion-1975$. Angeles International, for example, $31.5 the costs of retrofitting the existing fleet Clearly land purchasing alone is an million of the $136 million has been trust is to compare those costs to the costs of absurdly costly way in which to deal fund money. It is true that the Congress not reducing noise at the source and to with noise impact, yet in the absence has only recently authorized the use of the costs of other remedial options. Not of any Federal Policy of existing noise trust fund moneys for land purchasing spending anything on noise impact is source reduction, that is the policy that for environmental purposes. But the fact not one of the choices before us. The is being pursued. Both Federal and local is that there has been trust fund author­ difference between retrofitting to FAR money is being spent, and in both cases ity for land purchasing for safety pur­ 36 standards and not regulating the it ultimately comes mostly out of the poses since the inception of the trust existing fleet is considerable. No one pockets of the airline passenger, and is fund, and the FAA's definition of safety denies that the ideal solution would be therefore a drag on the airlines market purposes has been sufficiently broad to for the airlines to be able to buy new potential. include most noise-impact land pur­ aircraft to replace the existing fleet. In the long run, land purchasing will chasing needs. Trust funds have been However, this simply is not happening only be reasonable in conjunction with heavily relied on for that $412.5 million because the airlines cannot afford new retrofit. Only after heavily impacted in land purchases, the primary purpose planes, and I do not think anyone here is areas have been dramatically reduced of which has often been the protection of willing to get into the business of buying in size will it make sense to try to buy the airport from the legal consequences their airplanes for them. A very rough them. It is interesting to note that the of noise impact. And who pays the money price tag on replacing the approximately total cost of retrofitting and then pur­ into the trust fund? Approximately 90 1,500 non-FAR 36 aircraft in the U.S. chasing all remaining NEF 40+ lands is percent of trust fund revenue is from commercial jet fleet would be $40 bil­ about one-half the cost of purchasing the 8 percent ticket tax charged every lion. The airlines have generally con­ NEF 40+ lands without retrofit. The ab­ airline passenger. Once again it is the curred in the FAA's gloomy projections sence of leadership on a retrofit decision passenger's ticket which pays the cost of about natural fleet attrition. Those pro­ could ultimately be very costly. noise impact. jections show that from only 20 percent Because it is presently the aviation So the question is not whether we compliance today, natural attrition will user who pays the costs of noise impact, should assume the cost burden of noise carry us only to 27 percent compliance and who gets relatively little diminution 1mpact---we are now paying that cost by 1980 and to only 52 percent by 1990. of the problem for the money spent, it burden and those costs will continue to By contrast, a 5-year retrofit require­ makes sense that the users put a por­ rise. We are presently taxing the pas­ ment would bring us to 100 percent com­ tion of their payments toward covering senger part of this 8-percent contribu­ pliance in 1981. The savings in cost of the costs of retrofit, as a very promising tion to the trust fund and some part of noise impact in the 1980's and 1990's investment in the reduction of noise his basic ticket rate structure to pay the would be well worth the investment. costs they would otherwise have to pay. costs of noise impact. And what does FAA's economic analysis of retrofit has The user is now paying taxes into the that taxpayer receive for his tax dollar projected a favorable cost/benefit ratio trust fund in excess of trust fund ex­ in the way of a solution to the problem? of 2.4. penditures, so no new domestic taxes The money paid into the trust fund For the airport environs the difference would be necessary to make this invest­ which is then used to purchase land in between retrofitting and nonretro:fltting ment. The trust fund surplus as of one sense solves the problem in that that would be considerable. For example, at June 30, 1975, was $867 million, which land no longer generates noise suits. But JFK International the NEF so+ impact is approximately the cost of retrofitting as an overall solution to the noise prob­ area would be reduced from 48 square the noncomplying U.S. fleet. In addition, lem, land purchasing is the most expen­ miles to 27 square miles, and the num­ annual revenue surpluses to the trust sive solution before us, as I shall demon­ ber of residents living within that con­ fund are expected to continue at an an­ strate in a moment. The money paid by tour would decrease from the present nual rate of roughly $250 to $300 million way of airline landing fees to lawsuit 485,000 people to 252,000 people. Com­ for the rest of the decade. There is no costs, is money spent on no solution at parable :figures for Logan International need to add new costs-which could all. Both the noise impact and the law­ are a reduction of from 11.19 square only add new market disincentives in an suits continue. miles to 6 square miles and from 91,064 already undercapacity and depressed in­ As long as we continue to avoid the people to 35,700. Nationally, FAA has dustry-in order to meet the costs of problem of the noise impact of the exist­ projected a very impressive 82 percent retrofit. There need be no additional ing fleet, and to spend the aviation users' reduction in NEF 40+ areas and a 74- costs to consumers, only a better invest­ money on no solution or on an unneces­ percent reduction in NEF 30+ areas. ment outlook for the money they have sarily costly solution, we are just throw­ This reduction would off er a critical spent and continue to spend. ing the public's money down the rathole; margin of relief to many airpcrt neigh­ No one would suggest that retrofit we are doing nothing to reduce noise im­ bors-and to many airports. alone will solve the growing problem of pact. Many passengers do not even know The FAA has done comparative cost/ airport noise costs. However, retrofit is that 8 percent of their ticket price goes benefit analyses on the various techni­ an essential part of any solution because to a trust fund; I suspect that very few cal source noise reduction options, and it reduces the costs and constraints of indeed know that some portion of the has found retrofit of all noncomplying other components in that solution by rest of their ticket ultimately pays the jet transports to FAR 36 standards to be more than it adds to the total cost. costs-via landing fees-of noise litiga­ the most cost-effective-see particularly Whatever other measures may be tion. And if they do not know they are figures III-1 and m-2 of the FAA's adopted now or in the future-land pur­ paying, they certainly do not know they Draft EIS. chasing, increased regional land plan­ are not always getting anything for the -Of particular interest is a comparison ning authority, clarification of Federal 14036 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 preemption, operational procedures, et comes eligible !or grant assistance by virtue fies a particular retrotl.t technology-known cetera-retrofit must be part of the of being the operator of a non-complying as Sound Absorba.nt Material, or SAM retro­ aircra.!t on the date of enactment. The op­ fit for short--which is sufficient to bring non­ solution. era.tor would actually get the grant by vir­ complying airci:a.ft models into compliance The FAA has been very thorough in tue of incurring either retrofit or replace­ with FAR 36. There are other forms of retro­ its economic analysis of noise mitiga­ ment costs. Other than final compliance with fit, which a.re more costly and offer greater tion options and has made a very con­ section 3, the opera.tor need not actually noise reduction, but FAA analysis has shown clusive case for retrofit. If. the Federal remove that era.ft from service in order to them to be far less cost/effective. These other Government fails to provide relief in get grant assistance on a. new era.ft pur­ options would involve rebuilding the engine this area, it will be for lack of foresight chase. The operator might choose to continue cores ("refan") or even replacing the entire and will, not for lack of data. In a re­ to operate that cra.!t until final delivery of engines. For example, the refan option as the replacement. Or conversely, an opera.tor compared to the SAM option improves the cent Washington Post article, April 25, with excess ca.pa.city might choose to sell his NEF 30+ area reduction nationally from 74% 1976 on the airport noise problem, non-complying cra.!t early in the program, to 80 % , but the cost would increase from Charles Elkins of the EPA observed: but could wait until later in· the program to about $1 billion to about $5 billion. We've been working on the problem for make the commitment on a replacement In many cases, SAM retrofit requires only years and I think it's going to explode. Peo­ order. In this way the program would be more the alteration of the nacelle which sur­ ple are not going to wait much longer for adjustable to the individual needs of the rounds the engine. But in the case of the the Federal Government [to control noise]. opera.tor. Pratt and Whitney JTSD engine which pow­ The objective here 1s to not unnecessarily ers such planes as the Boeing 727, a. rela· When we do get to that crisis stage, I require an operator to make a retrofit/re­ tlvely small part of the kit is bolted to the do not believe the user-taxpayer is going placement decision one year into the pro­ engine (known as a BG-19 Kit). Because the to be very sympathetic to our long his­ gram when-if the opera.tor had waited until BG-19 kit is not readily transferra.ble from tory of trying and failing to get the vari­ three yea.rs into the program-the operator engine to engine, the program would include ous agencies of the executive branch to­ would perhaps be more likely to make the treatment of necessary spare engines in such gether with the Congress on reducing replacement choice. The opera.tor also has cases. the option to make a.n order with grant as­ Sec. 3. This section instructs the FAA to aircraft noise. This is the kind of prob­ sistance on a future a.ircra.!t, and would be promulgate essentially those regulations it lem political leadership is supposed to eligible for grant assistance on the down had proposed in its NPRM of March, 1975. be able to solve. payment and on those progress payments The only sign1flcant change is that the time In its studies over the years, and in ma.de within the five year time period of the period has been extended from four years to consultation with the EPA, the airlines, program, and could take delivery after the five yea.rs. Nothing in this section releases the the airport operators, and the many end of the program. FAA from its obligations under Section 611 other involved parties, the FAA has This flexibllity is important not only for of the Federal Aviation Act. These obliga­ evolved a general concept for what is the socially desirable purpose of encouraging tions prevent the promulgation of any regu­ fleet modernization, but such encouragement lation which ls inconsistent with the highest needed to make noise reduction a reality. should have a. beneficial effect on one of our degree of safety, economically unreasonable, That concept centers on the fallowing most threatened and vital industries: aircraft technologically impractical, or inappropriate basic points: manufacturing. Not only would airlines be to the aircraft type. The SAM retrofit tech­ The exercising of the Administrator's more likely to purchase new craft under this nology fs an existing and proven technology; existing authority to require 100 percent more flexible structure, they would be more in fact, recent production narrow-body craft compliance with FAR 36 within a speci­ likely to make orders on future aircraft are currently flying with SAMed engines. fied period. The time period in the which a.re now only on the drawing boards, The 75,000 lb cutoff is sufficient to include FAA's NPRM was 4 years. More re­ such as Boeing's 7X7 a.nd McDonnell­ all commercial transport aircraft (the small­ Douglas' DC-X-200. These aircraft will never est a.re the BAC-111 at 80,000 to 90,000 lbs. cently they have discussed some exemp­ see production unless advance orders a.re and the DC-9 a.t 90,000 to 100,000 lbs., the tions up to 6 years. placed, and today that is just not happen­ la.rgest fs the 747 at 700,000 to 800,000 lbs.). The recognition that the airlines can­ ing (see Cover Story, Business Week, April 12, The cutoff excludes business jets and all gen­ not absorb the costs of retrofit and 1976). eral aviation aircraft from this regulation. should not be required to do so. The aircraft industry is cha.ra.cteristic of The standard airworthiness clause excludes The use of the trust fund surplus and the kind of high-technology Industry in such special categories as experimental certi­ surplus revenues to the trust fund as a which the U.S. must continue to excel if it fication, where a. manufacturer might be 1s to maintain its major role in the world flight-testing a. new engine, for example. sound investment in reducing future economy. This industry produces America's noise impact costs to the trust fund. The 120 days wlll be adequate for the FAA leading non-agricultural export item. As an to make the necessary consultation with Concern that nothing in the structure example, Boeing is the strongest of the U.S. EPA, to make any required changes in its of the program act as a disincentive to manufacturers, with roughly 65% of the draft EIS, and to submit its Fina.I EIS. The any possible replacement of non-FAR world market. In 1968 Boeing employed over interim partial compliance language is less 36 aircraft with modern or future air­ 100,000 people; today that figure is a.bout restrictive than that included in the FAA's craft. 45,000. W·ithout some increase in their orders, NPRM, and does not give the FAA any new That foreign aircraft would have to be that number Will soon drop further. This is authority or release it from its Sec. 611 obli­ characteristic of manufacturers and subcon­ gations. included to the extent they operate at tractors all over the country. The problem is U.S. airports, because of their heavY a near standstill in domestic orders: in the Sec. 4. The eligiblllty list is the mechan­ noise impact, but the entire world fleet late 1960's Boeing orders ran roughly 70% ism by which the flexlb111ty referred to in should not be included because of un­ domestic, 30% foreign. That ratio is now the General An!;l,lysis is achieved. necessary cost. about 70 %--30% the other way. The threat 1s An opera.tor could acquire a non-comply­ that over the long haul foreign manufac­ ing a.ircra.!t after the program began, but Mr. Speaker, I am therefore today in­ could not get grant MSistance to either ret­ troducing a bill which embodies these turers will pick up those foreign markets. Boeing grosses approximately $4 billion, so rofit or replace that craft. concepts. The program authorized would an additional $1.2 billion over five yea.rs wm The eligibllity of foreign operators 1s be operated by the FAA and would self­ not work any miracles. But it will bolster the limited in two important respects. First, they destruct at the end of 5 years. In addi­ collapsed domestic Slide of the industry's would not be eligible for the replacement tion to a copy of the bill, I am including orders, and it could be the margin by which option. And secondly, only that portion of an analysis of the bill, for the informa­ the industry can go ahead on next generation their fleet necess~ry to sustain their existing tion of the Members: technology, in a field where technological service to U.S. airports· would be eligible. lead is everything. This ls the approach to foreign aircraft ori­ GENERAL ANALYSIS ginally proposed by the FAA in its NPRM The drafting of this particular legislative and then further analysed and recommended version of the retrofit concept was guided by SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS in the FAA study of January, 1976, "Interna­ the desire to maximize the flexibility of air­ Sec. 2(3). Operator is a term used tional Implications of Retrofit." The findings line managements in dealing with the retro­ throughout the Federal Aviation Act. ns use of that study were that foreign aircraft con­ fit/replacement option. This flexibility will here means that an airline would be able tribute significantly to noise impact and not only make decision-making more rational, to participate in the program with regard costs at many of our most heavily-impacted it will also serve the important social pur­ to a spec1flc aircraft as the operator of that airports, that this approach is far more cost­ pose of keeping the replacement door open as aircraft, even though it might not techni­ effective than including all the noncomply­ wide as possible, while achieving 100 % com­ cally be the legal owner, which is often the ing aircraft of every foreign opera.tor who has pliance in as short a. time as is reasonable. case. It also means that charter opera.tors and any operations to the U.S., and that foreign The compliance requirement (Sec. 3) is other nonscheduled carriers can participate, passengers and foreign carriers have pa.id and kept completely separate from the grant as­ as well as the scheduled carriers. continue to pay a substantial portion of sistance program. An aircraft operator be- Sec. 2 {5) . The definition of retrofit speci- Trust Fund revenues through the interns.- May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14037 tional departure tax. Through the end. of d. Increase the money spent on rehablllta­ 8. What do you think Congress' priorities 1975 it ls estimated foreign cittzens have paid tion of crlmlnals-His, 18.9 percent, Hers, should be? $86.1 mlllion into the Trust Fund and for­ 25.1 percent, Total 21.8 percent. Energy research-His, 37 .3 percent; Hers, eign carriers have remitted $106.6 million e. Establish · fixed penalties for certain 27.6 percent; Total 32.7. into the Trust Fund. If after analysts of thls crimes-His, 79.1 percent, Hers, 76.0 percent, Reform federal income ta.x-Hls, 34.1 per­ legislation it ls determined that foreign op­ Total, 77 .6 percent. cent; Hers, 26.4 percent; Total 30.4. erators would draw down the Trust Fund f. Undecided-His, 2.0 percent, Hers, 2.2 A national health insurance program-His, surplus and surplus revenues by more than percent, Total, 2.1 percent. 17 .2 percent; Hers, 16.4; Total 16.9. they have and will continue to contribute, 3. Which of the following comes closest to Equal rights for minorities-Hts, 1.6 per­ then I would add a revenue title to thls legls­ your views on gun control legislation? cent; Hers, 2.4 percent; Tota.I 2.0. lation whlch would temporarily increase the a. The right to own handguns should not Reduce unemployment--His, 32.3 percent; international departure tax: to the extent be restricted in any way-His, 26.7 percent, Hers, 33.3 percent; Total 32.8. necessary to ma.ke good the difference. It Hers, 17 .5 percent, Total, 22.5 percent. Increase support for education-His, 5.7 should also be noted that since roughly 90 % b. There should be a ban on the sale of percent; Hers, 6. 7 percent; Total, 6.2. of the worldwide commercial Jet fleet ls of easily concealed handguns--His, 17.7 per­ Reduce government spending-His, 41.4 U.S. manufacture, most of the money granted cent, Hers, 19.3 percent, Total, 18.4 percent. percent; Hers, 3.6 percent; Total, 37.6. to foreign operators would be spent ln the c. All handguns should be registered by Control nuclear weapons--His, 8.7 percent; U.S. their owners, and there should be strict pen­ Hers, 12.0 percent; Total 10.3. Sec. 5. On the retrofit option, grant assis­ alties for possession of unregistered ones­ Control inflation-His, 38.3 percent; Hers, tance would cover the actual cost of the Hls, 41.9 percent, Hers, 45.8 percent, Total, 34.0 percent; Total, 36.3. kit and the cost of either having it installed 43.7 percent. Reduce crime--His, 22.9 percent; Hers, 26.0 or of installation by the operator. d. All private ownership of handguns percent; Total, 24.4. On the replacement option, an operator should be prohibited-His, 11.7 percent, Hers, Control pollution-Hts, 8.3 percent; Hers, could "group" one or more of hls eligible 14.1 percent, Total 12.8 percent. 11.3 percent; Total, 9.8. noncomplying aircraft for purposes of pur­ e. Undecided-His, 2.0 percent, Hers, 3.8 Aid senior citizens-Hts, 17.6 percent; Hers, chasing one replacement craft, so long as percent, Tota.I, 2.6 percent. 21.3 percent; Total, 19.4. grant assistance dld not exceed the opera­ 4. Which of the followlng ls closest to your Stimulate housing-His, 4.7 percent; Hers, tor's actual costs paid out during the pro­ view of what US defense pollcy should be? 4.4 percent; Total 4.6. gram period for the replacement craft. The a. Maintain mlllta.ry superiority on a Energy conservation-Hts, 8.7 percent; operator would become eligible only for those worldwide basts, whatever the cost-His, 16.4 Hers, 10.0 percent; Total, 9.3. costs for which he would have been eligible percent, Hers, 13.3 percent, Total, 16.0 per­ if he had taken the retrofit option. cent. b. Keep mlllta.ry strength equal to other nations while working for worldwlde arms reduction-His, 67.2 percent, Hers, 70.9 per­ ILLEGAL FBI ACTIVITY AGAINST SIXTH ANNUAL OPINION SURVEY cent, Total, 68.9 percent. THE BLACK PANTHERS OF CONGRESSMAN SEIBERLING c. Reduce the military budget substantially to see if other nations wlll follow our lead­ Hts, 14.8 percent, Hers, 13.3 percent, Total, HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL 14.1 percent. HON. JOHN F. SEIBERLING d. Undecided-Hts, 1.6 percent, Hers, 2.5 OF NEW YORK OF OHIO percent, Total, 2.0 percent. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 5. Do you support continuation of the Thursday, May 13, 1976 Revenue Sharing program which wlll turn Thursday, May 13, 1976 over $36 billion of Federal revenues to state Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, in the Mr. SEIBERLING. Mr. Speaker, in and local governments over the next 6 years 1960's when the antiwar movement was early March, I sent my 6th annual to be used for whatever programs the local at its height, the American public was opinion survey to every postal patron in governments decide? skeptical of allegations that the FBI and a. Yes-His, 58.3 percent, Hers, 57.4 per­ the 14th Congressional District. I re­ cent, Total, 67.9 percent. the CIA were involved in plots against ceived over 9,000 responses to the ques­ b. No-Hts, 30.1 percent, Hers, 23.6 percent, leaders and movements of that era. We tionnaire, which measured the respond­ Tota.I, 27 .0 percent. have seen through the recent findings of ents' priorities for congressional action, c. Undecided, His, 11.6 percent, Hers, 19.1 the Church committee that not only were as well as their opinions on subjects in­ percent, Tota.I, 16.1 percent. those allegations correct, but they were cluding unemployment, crime, gun con­ 6. Government plans to meet our energy more extensive than any of us could have trol, and nuclear energy. I am pleased needs have emphasized the expansion of nu­ imagined at that time. to include in the RECORD the results of clear (atomic) power plants. Which of the FBI followlng is closest to your view on thls? The admitted that they "engaged the questionnaire, for the benefit and a. We should go all out to develop nuclear in lawless tactics and responded to deeP­ interest of other Members and the public. power. Science can overcome the risks-Hts, seated socia: problems by fomenting The questions and the tabulated re­ 47.0 percent; Hers, 28.6 percent; Total 38.3. violence and unrest" against the Black sponses are as follows: b. We should delay further development Panther Party. I am quite disturbed by SIXTH OPINION SURVEY OF 14TH DISTRICT until we know the risks. of radiation can be these revelations and believe that they 1. Which of the followlng is closest to your eliminated-His, 39.6 percent; Hers, 52.7 warrant a congressional and Justice De­ view of what the government's role should percent; Total 45.8. partment investigation. be in fighting unemployment? c. We should abandon nuclear power be­ To discredit the Black Panther Party, a. The government should guarantee a Job cause the risks are too grea.t--Hls, 8.6 per­ the FBI engaged in numerous activities. for every citlZen who can't find one in private cent; Hers, 10.2; Total 9.3. In addition to paying informants to industry-His, 17.6 percent, Hers, 16.1 per­ d. Undecided-Hts, 4.9 percent; Hers, 8.6 enter the Panther organization, the FBI cent, Tota.I, 17.0 percent. percent; Total 6.6. fomented conflict between rival black b. The government should concentrate on 7. The Supreme Court has ruled that the stimulating the economy so private industry government cannot prohibit abortions during leaders. They provided information that can provide more Jobs-Hts, 48.8 percent, the early months of pregnancy, but may pro­ led to the Chicago police raid in which Hers, 56.3 percent, Total 52.1 percent. hibit them after the 6th month of pregnancy Panther leader Fred Hampton was killed c. The economy should be permitted to (except when necessary to protect the moth­ in 1969. recover on its own without any government er's health.) Which of the following is closest The intensity of the FBI campaign can intervention-His, 29.8 percent, Hers, 23.5 to your views on this subject? be seen by the internal memorandums percent, Total 27 .0 percent. a. Abortion should be left entirely to each they wrote to each other. Their assign­ d. Undecided-His, 3.8 percent, Hers, 4.1 woman's conscience with no legal restric­ ment was to "prevent a coalition of mili­ percent, Total 3.9 percent. tions-His, 46.6 percent; Hers, 41.2 percent; tant black nationalist groups," and "to 2. Which of the following steps do you Total 44.0. think would help to reduce crime? prevent the rise of a messiah who could b. The Court's decision ts reasonable and unify and electrify the movement." a. Reduce unemployment-His, 67.8 per­ should not be changed-Hts, 26.5 percent; cent, Hers, 58.4 percent, Total 58.1 percent. Hers, 25.2 percent; Total 25.4. As part of their agenda, they mailed b. Increase the amount of money spent on out derogatory cartoons, purportedly law enforcement, courts and prisons-Hts, c. The Constitution should be a.mended to from United Slaves-a radical group-to 31.2 percent, Hers, 30.0 percent, Total, 30.6 prohibit abortion except to save the mother's the Panthers which pictured the Panther percent. life--His, 25.5 percent; Hers, 29.1 percent; c. More scientific research on the causes of Total, 27.2. leaders according to an FBI memo as "in­ crime-His, 12.2 percent, Hers, 14.4 percent, d. Undecided-Hts, 2.4 percent; Hers, 4.5 effectual, inadequate, and riddled with Total, 13.3 percent. percent; Total 3.4. graft and corruption." 14038 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 The FBI was quite pleased with their By July, 1969, the Panthers had become the church for serving breakfasts to ghetto tactics and felt that "a substantial primary focus of the FBI program against children. black nationalist organizations, the report The FBI directed an anonymous letter and amount of the unrest is directly attribu­ said. While deta111ng the lawless tactics used faked phone calls to the a.uxmary bishop of table to their program." Indeed, it was by the FBI, the report "does not examine the the Sa.n Diego Diocese, according to the re­ almost surprising that they turned down reasonableness of the basis for the FBI's in­ port. A month later the San Diego FBI office a proposal to send a forged letter to vestigation" of the Panthers, nor does it de­ reported that Father Curran had been trans­ Black Panther leader David Hilliard, fend the politics, actions or the sometimes ferred to "somewhere in the State of New bragging of an impending assassination violent rhetoric of the Panthers. Mexico for permanent assignment." plan against Panther leader Huey New­ One of the most Intensive FBI campaigns The bureau memo concluded: " ... It was to aggravate host1llties in 1968 and 1969 would appear that Father Curran has now ton. The FBI feared that the letter might between the Black Panther Party and an been completely neutraJized." violate the postal laws. However, they organization called United Slaves (US) in In Chicago, the bureau carried out a paral­ made sure that the idea was praised. On Southern California. lel program designed to aggravate tensions September 30, 1969, they sent a memo FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover, in a memo between the Black Panthers and a. black commemorating "the obvious effort and to 14 regional bureau offices, called for "imag­ gang, the Blackstone Rangers. Both the FBI interest exhibited concerning the anony­ inative a.nd hardhltting counterintelllgence and Chicago police maintained networks of mous letter." measures" to "exploit all a.venues of creating paid informants in the Panther organization. Breaking the law was not on the FBI's further dissension in the ranks of the BPP An FBI memo credited this sharing of in­ (Black Panther Party)." formation as having been "crucial to police" mind when they directed anonymous let­ After two Black Panther members were during their raid on the apartment of Pan­ ters and phone calls to the bishop of the killed in a clash with US members on the ther leader Hampton in which he died. San Diego Diocese, criticizing the actions UCYA campus in January 1969, the Sa.n of Catholic priest Rev. Frank Curran who Diego office of the FBI began malling out permitted the Black Panthers to use his derogatory cartoons-purportedly from US church for serving breakfast to ghetto members-which pictured the Panther lead­ FOREIGN FARMS SALES children. A month later the priest had ers, in the words of a.n FBI memorandum, as "ineffectual, inadequate and riddled with been transferred to "somewhere in the graft and corruption." State of New Mexico for permanent as­ In the atmosphere of growing violence be­ signment." The FBI noted "It would ap­ HON. TOM HAGEDORN tween the two groups which resulted in ad­ OF MINNESOTA pear that Father Curran has now been ditional klllings, the bureau kept sending completely neutralized." out inflamatory forged letters and carica­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I believe that the findings of the tures. Thursday, May 13, 1976 Church committee should be pursued by In a memorandum dated Sept. 19, 1969, a congressional and Justice Department the San Diego FBI office took credit for rais­ Mr. HAGEDORN. Mr. Speaker, foreign investigation to determine the full scope ing the level of violence. farm sales are a centerpiece of our agri­ "Shootings, beatings, and a high degree of cultural economy. Those exports not only of wrongdoing against the black move­ unrest continues [sic] to prevail in the ment. We must know whether any of the have increased farm income to a toler­ ghetto area of southeast Sa.n Diego. Al­ able level, but also have made significant perpetrators of these activities are still though no specific counterintelligence action FBI employees. A further investigation can be credited with contributing to this contributions to this country's balance of will insure that the same FBI members overall situation, it is felt that a substantial payments record. And this includes sales who instigated these actions will not con­ amount of the unrest is directly attributable of grain to the Soviet Union. According tinue to be supported by the taxes of the to this program," the memo said. to a recent survey I conducted, 76 per­ As the confrontations between the two cent of the respondents said they be­ American people. groups became more dangerous the FBI's For my colleagues' review, I insert in lieved in the concept of free access to Los Angeles field office proposed that the US world markets. The embargo on Soviet the RECORD an article that appeared in organization be "appropriately and discretely the Washington Post on this subject. advised" by FBI informants of the time and grain shipments last fall still sticks in the The article follows: location of Black Panther activities. craw of most farmers. Not only that, but Hn.L PANEL RAPS FBI's ANTI-PANTHERS The purpose of these FBI lea.ks to the US market prices still haven't recovered TACTICS group, a. Ma.y 26, 1970, FBI memo explained, from the depressing effect of that em­ (By Laurence Stem) wa.s so that "the two organizations might bargo. So, we're pleased when we see an­ be brought together a.nd thus grant nature nouncements of grain purchases by the The FBI "engaged in lawless tactics and the opportunity to take her due course." Russians. responded to deep-seated social problems by Yet when the Los Angeles office proposed fomenting violence and unrest," a special that a. forged letter be sent to Bia.ck Panther Bill Mackl1n, editor of the New Ulm Senate lntelUgence committee report on FBI chief of staff David Hlllla.rd bragging of an Daily Journal, a fine community news­ political sabotage against the Black Panther impending assassination plan against Pan­ paper, perhaps has summed up best the Party said yesterday. ther leader Huey P. Newton, FBI headquar · attitude in the Midwest to grain agree­ In its campaign to denigrate the black ters disapproved. ments with the Soviet Union in an edi­ nationalist organization the bureau leaked In its Sept. 30, 1970, memorandum of dis­ torial which appeared in the May 7 edi­ derogatory information on a prominent f\C­ approval, FBI headquarters praised the "ob­ tion of his newspaper. tress to a Hollywood gossip columnist, fo­ vious eflort and interest exhibit concerning The editorial follows: mented conflict between rival black leaders, (the) anonymous letter ..." But it con­ and provided information that led to the cluded that "studied analysis suggested that NOT AGAIN Chicago police raid in which Panther leader the scheme might violate the postal laws. (By Bill Macklin) Fred Hampton was killed in 1969, the report The campaign against the Black Panthers, Soviet purchases of U.S. grain the past said. according to FBI documents cited in the re­ week once again has turned on the alarmists. Some of the major points of the special port, was directed at newspapers, television, Three days in succession, starting Monday, report emerged in hearings last November of landlords, employers, the clergy, white radi­ the Associated Press farm writer in Wash­ the Senate committee but were overshadowed cals and local police. at that time by the revelations of the FBI's ington had stories on the impact of the I intensive campaign to discredit civil rights "When the FBI learned that one well­ foreign buying. leader, Martin Luther King, Jr. known Hollywood actress, unnamed, had be­ Throughout the stories were almost wet The bureau initiated its covert action pro­ come pregnant during an affair with a BPP With tears for the American consumer. gram against what it called "Black Nation­ member," the Senate report said, "it reported Would his food go up? alist Hate Groups" in August, 1967. The this information to a famous Hollywood Why do Washington people have to pick bureau's goals, as described in a. memo cir­ gossip columnist in the form of an anony­ up the crying towel every time things start culated among high-ranking bureau officials, mous letter. The story was used by the Holly­ to look a little better for the food producer were: wood columnist." in the Midwest? A previous run of this sob "Prevent a coalition of militant black na­ Another entertainer was targeted for show last fall brought the three-month tionalist groups ... Prevent the rise of a counterintelligence action after the bureau embargo on sales and deflated the grain messiah who could unify and electrify the concluded that he had supported the Pan­ market. mmtant nationalist movement ... Prevent thers. The FBI memo said such an operation So far in 1976, corn prices have been static violence on the part of black nationalist "would be an effective means of combating at about $2.40 a bushel a.nd soybeans at groups." BPP fund-raising activities among liberals $4.45, well below the lush yea.rs of 1973 The program also called for discrediting and naive individuals." through :975. Farmers need $3 corn and black nationalist groups and leaders as well A Catholic priest, the Rev. Frank Curran, beans in the $6 to $6 range to afford the as prevention of "long-range growth" of mili­ became the target of FBI operations because high land prices, costly and sophisticated tant black nationalist organizations. he permitted the Bia.ck Panthers to use his machinery a.nd homes their families deserve. May 13, 1976 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 14039 Farmers are consumers, too. They may The proof of the horrible genocide These circumstances, then, of Armenians be in the minority, but they should not be attempted in 1915 against the Armenian immigrating to America, and Americans trav­ discriminated against for lack of numbers. people is well substantiated by the volumi­ elling to Armenia, provided the American It has been well demonstrated that the nous papers, documents, newspaper articles, and Armenian people with an unusually close cost of foods escalates because of the con­ journal articles, official papers and corre­ relationship which is unique in modern his­ version of corn to cornflakes (manufac­ spondence of various governments, and eye­ tory. turing) and the delivery to the consumer witness reports, as is established by my good There was a great outpouring of protest (retailing); those are the points where the friend and colleague, Professor Richard and sympathy when the word of the 1894-95 load goes on. Hovanissian in his testimony. ~assacres reached the United States, first Russia has now purchased 16.5 million The outline of events, which two decades m the correspondence of missionaries, and tons of grain from 1975 crops. Last fall, the ago was well-known to the American people, then by U.S. Consular officials in Turkey federal government set a tentative limit of is well presented at this hearing by my and finally in the reports of newspaper cor~ 17 million tons. friend and colleague, Professor Avedis San­ respondents. For th_e events of this period, The secretary of agriculture, Earl Butz, jian. Other expert witnesses have testified to and of the two major massacres to follow attempted to mop up some of the tears of the various other aspects of the Armenian mas­ there is ample testimony in the published professional worriers. He said our larders are sacres and the Armenian Question. I will U.S. State Department papers called Papers full. There's plenty of grain to sell the limit my own comments to a brief overview Relating to the Foreign Relations of the Soviet Union or any other hungry foreign of Armenian-American relations, particu­ United States. larly as they manifested themselves in public buyers. On the farm, the groy.rers have grain The systematic attempt at genocide in in storage able to feed the multitudes. opinion and actions by the United States Government. 1915 was the culmination of a long history Government is not paying for this ever­ of atrocities; and the outcry of concern on normal granery as it did for more than My testimony is in no way intended to be exhaustive, for the time allotted to me does the part of the American people was propor­ 30 years when farmers were paid as much as tional to the magnitude of the crime. The 15-cents a bushel per year for sealing grain. not allow for a detailed academic analysis, but I will draw attention to major events newspapers all over the United States were It's &. free market now-free storage for the filled with daily stories describing the events domestic consumers, free storage for the providing a general background for a discus­ sion of United States policy in the future. of that terrible year. The Armenians, having foreign customers. It also should be a free been attacked by the Turks, rose to defend market for the farmer to sell when a foreign · As you so well reminded us, Mr. Chairman, at the beginning of these hearings, those who themselves in those cases where that was buyer is willing to pay and sweeten the are not aware of history's Inistakes are possible. Since the Armenian population had price. doomed to repeat them. been disarmed before the beginning of the The Congressional Budget Office pointed massacres, and since most able-bodied men out another advantage for the non-farm con­ The Armenian people, living traditionally were drafted into military service where they sumer of food, a benefit from foreign sales. in eastern Asia Minor, were at the crossroads were systematically executed, and since most "Consumers would have to pay higher of the ancient world. Their history is rich in leaders and intellectuals were arrested ahead food prices, yet they also would benefit from successes and failures, victories and defeats, of time, the remaining Armenian popula­ creativity and the sadness of seeing their tion, in most instances, could do little. improved accessibility to foreign products," creations destroyed. Of all the ancient peoples the office stated. Nevertheless, there are many stories of heroic who trace themselves back to Biblical times, · struggles of Armenians against innumerable the Armenians are one of the few who re­ odds. main extant and still play a significant role in the world today. The American public was indignant about MASSACRE OF ARMENIANS TOPIC The first Armenian to arrive in America, this barbaric destruction of innocent vic­ OF HEARING tims and the calloused excuses of the Turks. as far as we know, was one "Martin Ye The action of the Turkish government was Armenian" who settled in the Jamestown contrary to everything for which America. HON. JAMES G. O'HARA colony as an expert in silk worm breeding. stood. Americans believed in political free­ Other Armenians, no doubt, came to America dom, personal dignity of the individual, fair OF MICHIGAN during the ensuing years, but it was not until play, democracy and self-determination. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the 1890's, following the Turkish massacres of 1894-95, that we have evidence of any Turkish action was the antithesis of these Thursday, May 13, 1976 substantial numbers coming to these shores. lofty American principles. There was not, apparently, any substantial It is sometimes popular to consider the Mr. O'HARA. Mr. Speaker: An aware­ immigration to America following the mas­ American public naive. I do not share this ness of the past is often helpful in plan­ sacres in Adana in 1909, but the disoriented view. It is my personal belief, after many ning for the future. Yesterday, Dr. Den­ political climate of Europe and the Middle years of studying and teaching history, that nis R. Papazian-Professor of Russian East in those yea.rs may account for this gross and unrectified injustices in the body and Middle Eastern history at the Uni­ phenomenon. politic become a type of cancer which de­ versity of Michigan and co-chairman of The major Armenian immigration to the stroys orderly society. Americans instinc­ United States, as the record amply demon­ tively and correctly know that a world filled the Armenian Assembly-testified on Ar­ with injustice and misery is a world dan­ menian-American relations before the strates, followed the major genocide of 1915, with which we are concerned today. It was gerous to our own international security and Future Foreign Policy Subcommittee. after th.at nightmarish event, followed also personal welfare. More specifically, he discussed the mas­ by the burning and massacre of Armenians Those Armenians in the Russian provinces, sacre of 1.5 million Armenians between and Greeks in Smyrna in 1922, that the augmented by refugees from Turkish-Ar­ 1910-1920, and the American reaction to great majority of Armenians who live in the menia, organized themselves to fight on the these atrocities. United States today made their passage to side of the Allied Powers against Turkey and I think you will find Professor Papa­ the New World. the Central Powers. Because of the heroic zian's remarks of assistance to us, in pre­ But it was not only the passage of Arme­ fighting on the part of the Armenians, they venting the reoccurrence of similar social nians to America that developed the tradi­ became known in diplomatic circles as the tional close tie and friendly relationship, but "Little Allies." It was on this basis, then, injustices-and putting us a step closer that many promises were made to the Ar­ to our goal of universal human rights. also the movement of large numbers of well­ educated and highly motivated Americans menian people for domestic security, politi­ The remarks follow: to the area of the traditional Armenian cal autonomy, and national freedom. AMERICAN REACTION TO THE .ARMENIAN homeland, now found in eastern Turkey. President Woodrow Wilson, representing GENOCIDE These men and women of lofty vision and the fl.nest in the way of American tradition, (By Dennis R. Papazian) strong determination were Protestant mis­ showed an early concern for the well-being Mr. Chairman, first let me thank you and sionaries and their staffs who desired to bring of the Armenians. The United States Am­ the members of your Subcommittee for in­ the blessings of education and the American bassador to Turkey, Henry Morgenthau, was viting me to appear here today as an expert tradition of Democracy to people in that part a perceptive and alert individual. Many times w1,tness to testify on the attempted genocide of the world. The appearance of Protestant he personally intervened with the authori­ of the Armenian people executed by the Tur­ missionaries can be traced back to the 1830's; ties in Constantinople to try and persuade kish government in 1915, as a major example and at the end of the century there were in­ them to desist from their inhuman activity. of "Man's Inhumanity to Man" perpetrated numerable Inissions, churches, schools and (See Ambassador Morgentha.u's Story, by at the beginning of this century. even colleges in the interior of Turkey that Henry Morgenthau, Chapters 22 through 27) . My name ls Dennis R. Papazian, and I am catered chiefly to the Armenian population. Many people say today, Mr. Chairman, that Professor of Russian and Middle Eastern This story is eloquently told in several mem­ it is over sixty years since the great massacres History at The University of Michigan­ oirs and books, but perhaps even more im­ of 1915 and that the Armenian people should Dearborn. I am also Co-Chairman of the portantly it can be found in the lucid and Armenian Assembly, a national coalition of perceptive correspondence between those in forgive and forget. This view, though en­ Armenian-American individuals and orga­ the field and their central headquarters at ticing on the face of it, 1s lacking in under­ I nizations, but it ls in the capacity of a the American Board of Commissioners for standing. We forgive those who ask forgive­ scholar that I appear here today. Foreign Missions located in Boston. ness; and injustice is forgotten once there 14040 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 13, 1976 1s at.onement. The Armenians have been a.n children are all around us 1n the United stant 1n showing their concern. Even 1n more identulable people for over 3,000 years: a States and 1n other countries of the world. recent times, as at th1s hearing, there Is a span of sixty years 1s tr1v1al within that In the decade following the Armenian manifestation on the part of the United framework. Survivors of the massacres stlll massacres, the American public and many States government of sympathy for the live, although great with age, and their 1n the United States government were con- plight of the Armenian people.

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