DOCSLIB.ORG

Bermuda Bedstraw GOVERNMENT of BERMUDA Galium Bermudense Department of Environment & Natural Resources Ecology Why Protect This Species?

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bermuda Bedstraw GOVERNMENT of BERMUDA Galium Bermudense Department of Environment & Natural Resources Ecology Why Protect This Species? Bermuda Protected Species Bermuda Bedstraw /8VERNMENT 8F BERM(DA Galium bermudense Department of Environment & Natural Resources Ecology Why protect this species? Idenficaon Bermuda Bedstraw is protected as it is an indigenous Bermudian species that has become locally rare. The structure of Bermuda1s This low growing perennial is much branched and grows from 6 woodlands has changed over the last 50 years with fast- inches to 2 feet (15-60 cm) in height. Small plants appear as growing invasive species crowding out small na&ves like upright stems, while larger plants appear as tangles of almost Bedstraw in the understory while invasive trees over-shade vine-like stems. The leaves of Bermuda Bedstraw occur in a group of four around the stem. Fine hairs cover the length of them from above. These changes in the woodland community the stem and the leaves. combined with the loss of woodland to development have seriously reduced the abundance of Bedstraw and make it very unlikely that the species will persist and recover unassisted. Range Na&ve to Bermuda the Bahamas and the South Eastern (nited Threats faced by this species include2 States. • 3abitat loss and fragmenta&on : A. Copeland • Current Status Habitat Compe&&on from invasive plants • In 1918 Bri,on wrote that Bermuda Bedstraw was commonly 5ack of awareness leading to accidental destruc&on Na e found on the hillsides of Bermuda. It has since become BPSA: 5evel 3 e.tremely rare. It occurs on grassy or rela&vely open hillsides par&cularly in St. /eorges Somerset and Southampton and in CITES: No coastal forests on South Shore. Bda Red List: EN CMS: No Reproducon and Life Cycle Bedstraw produces greenish-white 0owers from spring to Author: autumn which occur at the &p of branches. The 0ower is followed by a rounded two-part fruit that turns dark purplish- Alison Copeland black when ripe. This species can be propagated from seed. Biodiversity 89cer Re ised: April 2016 : N.5 Bri,on 1918 Bermuda Protected Species Bermuda Bedstraw /8VERNMENT 8F BERM(DA Galium bermudense Department of Environment & Natural Resources What is being done to conserve it? Join a conser aon group: such as the Bermuda Na&onal Trust or the Bermuda Audubon Society to protect habitats. Protected Species Act Lisng: Level 3 Control in asi e plant species 2 Invasive plants should be I)CN Red List: Not assessed. managed in places where specimens of this plant occur so that Reco ery Plan: Bermuda Bedstraw is included in the 2009 they do not become overwhelmed by other vegeta&on. Control Recovery Plan for eight species of flowering plants. invasive species on your property to stop them spreading. Research: distribu&on mapping for this species has been undertaken and gene&c barcoding is also underway. Informaon sources Habitat Protecon: A key habitat of Bermuda Bedstraw became a protected area with the crea&on of the Vesey Nature To learn more please visit2 www.environment.bm Reserve by the Buy Back Bermuda campaign. Propagaon 2 Bermuda Bedstraw is being propagated from Bri,on N.5. 1918. Flora of Bermuda. Charles ScribnerBs Sons : Alison Copeland seed for sale to the public and plan&ng of this species for New Cork. ornamental use as well as part of woodland restora&on proAects is being promoted. Sarkis S. 2009. Recovery Plan for eight species of 0owering plants Carex bermudiana, Peperomia septentrionalis, Phaseolus lignosus, Erigeron darrellianus, Galium bermudense, Protec e legislaon Chiococca alba, Hypericum hypericoides, Psychotria ligustrifolia in Bermuda. Dept. of Conserva&on Services Protected Species Act (2003) /overnment of Bermuda pp.28. What you can do? Plant: purchase this na&ve plant for your home garden or woodland restora&on proAect. It makes an a,rac&ve hanging For Further Informaon basket. #17 North Shore Road, Flatt’s, FL04, Bermuda (441) 293 2727. Learn: understand how destruc&on of habitat leads to loss of www.environment.bm endangered and threatened species and BermudaBs plant and animal diversity. Tell others what you have learned. Disclaimer: The information contained in this publication is based on the knowledge and understanding at the time of writing. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • "National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary."
    Intro 1996 National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands The Fish and Wildlife Service has prepared a National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary (1996 National List). The 1996 National List is a draft revision of the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1988 National Summary (Reed 1988) (1988 National List). The 1996 National List is provided to encourage additional public review and comments on the draft regional wetland indicator assignments. The 1996 National List reflects a significant amount of new information that has become available since 1988 on the wetland affinity of vascular plants. This new information has resulted from the extensive use of the 1988 National List in the field by individuals involved in wetland and other resource inventories, wetland identification and delineation, and wetland research. Interim Regional Interagency Review Panel (Regional Panel) changes in indicator status as well as additions and deletions to the 1988 National List were documented in Regional supplements. The National List was originally developed as an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (Cowardin et al.1979) to aid in the consistent application of this classification system for wetlands in the field.. The 1996 National List also was developed to aid in determining the presence of hydrophytic vegetation in the Clean Water Act Section 404 wetland regulatory program and in the implementation of the swampbuster provisions of the Food Security Act. While not required by law or regulation, the Fish and Wildlife Service is making the 1996 National List available for review and comment.
    [Show full text]
  • BOTANY SECTION Compiled by Richard E. Weaver, Jr., Ph.D., and Patti J
    TRI-OLOGY, Vol. 47, No. 1 Patti J. Anderson, Ph.D., Managing Editor JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2008 DACS-P-00124 Wayne N. Dixon, Ph. D., Editor Page 1 of 10 BOTANY SECTION Compiled by Richard E. Weaver, Jr., Ph.D., and Patti J. Anderson, Ph.D. For this period, 81 specimens were submitted to the Botany Section for identification, and 795 were received from other sections for identification/name verification, for a total of 876. In addition, 163 specimens were added to the herbarium. Some of the samples received for identification are discussed below: Ageratina jucunda (Greene) Clewell & Woot. (A genus of about 290 species mainly native to the eastern United States and warm regions of the Americas.) Compositae/Asteraceae. Hammock snakeroot. This fall-flowering perennial grows 40–80 cm tall with an erect, minutely pilose stem. The narrowly elliptic to deltoid, 2–6 cm long, opposite leaves are usually glabrous and have crenate to serrate margins. The flower heads contain clusters of white or pinkish-white disc flowers, but no ray flowers. Even without ray flowers, this species provides a stunning display with white clouds of color in the sandhills and hammocks of Georgia and peninsular Florida. Hammock snakeroot, the common name for this species, suggests both its habitat preference for hammocks and the use of members of the genus as a cure for snakebites by indigenous people. (Hillsborough County; B2008-8; Jason B. Sharp; 7 January 2008) (Austin 2004; Mabberley 1997; http://www.efloras.org) Calophyllum inophyllum L. (A genus of 187 tropical species.) Guttiferae/Clusiaceae. Alexandrian laurel, beauty-leaf.
    [Show full text]
  • Wood Functional Anatomy of Chiococca Alba Hitch
    Acta Biológica Catarinense 2017 Jan-Jun;4(1):52-61 Wood functional anatomy of Chiococca alba Hitch. (Rubiaceae) from cerrado Anatomia funcional da madeira de Chiococca alba Hitch. (Rubiaceae) de cerrado João Carlos Ferreira de MELO JÚNIOR1, 2, Maick William AMORIM¹, Gustavo Borda de OLIVEIRA¹ & Celso Voos VIEIRA¹ ABSTRACT Recebido em: 22 mar. 2017 The wood anatomy is able to evidence systematic and ecological aspects associated with Aceito em: 12 jun. 2017 the evolution and functionality of the secondary xylem. The present study was carried out using wood of Chiococca alba (Rubiaceae) from cerrado (savannah), to describe its anatomy and to verify if the hydraulic architecture of this species corroborates the theory that postulates the functional tendency that optimizes the transport efficiency associated with safety. The anatomical analysis followed the conventional protocols of wood anatomy. Different indexes of wood hydraulics quantification were calculated, such as solitary vessels index, vessel grouping, conductivity, vessel collapse, theoretical resistance to vessel implosion and mesomorphism. The structural characteristics described for C. alba are in agreement with the general anatomical descriptions for the Rubiaceae family that relate the presence of exclusively solitary vessels and small diameter, simple perforation plates, alternate intervessel pits, apotracheal parenchyma in species with non-septate fibers and narrow and heterogeneous rays. The calculated indexes showed that C. alba is a xerophyte species with great resistance to the collapse of the vessels during the transport of water, little vulnerability to embolism and relative efficiency in the transport when compared to other species of its subfamily (Cinchonoideae) in function of the typical low water availability of the savannah soil.
    [Show full text]
  • Digging Deeper Project and Click “Join” on the Upper Right
    ECOQUEST January 2021 WHAT IS AN ECOQUEST? EcoQuests, part of the Sarasota-Manatee Ecoflora Project, challenge Floridians to become engaged citizens in the DIGGING observation, study, appreciation, and conservation of the native flora and fauna of Florida, and understand the impacts to it by exotic species. DEEPER: HOW DO I GET STARTED? 1. Download the easy-to-use iNaturalist app on Indigenous Plants & your mobile device, or visit iNaturalist.org on your computer. 2. Set up a user account or sign in to join projects and People of Florida submit observations. 3. Visit the Sarasota-Manatee EcoFlora Digging Deeper project and click “join” on the upper right. 4. Photograph plants anywhere in Sarasota and Manatee Counties. Take multiple photos to show important features for identification (overall plant, leaves, flowers, fruit, stem). 5. Post your observations to iNaturalist. 6. Check out your ranking on this month’s challenge online! WHAT IS THE GOAL? Help us document as many of our featured indigenous plants as possible this January. Remember that any observation still contributes to the Sarasota-Manatee EcoFlora Project, even if it’s not featured in our monthly challenge. For this month’s EcoQuest, Digging Deeper, we are exploring the connection between Florida’s indigenous people and plants. Much of the ethnobotanical knowledge of American Indians is passed down through generations, as is the case with the Seminole and Miccosukee tribes. We know they relied upon plants for food and shelter, made dugout canoes of pine and cypress, and used plant fibers for textiles, crafting dolls and basket-making. Some of these traditions still exist today.
    [Show full text]
  • A Preliminary List of the Vascular Plants and Wildlife at the Village Of
    A Floristic Evaluation of the Natural Plant Communities and Grounds Occurring at The Key West Botanical Garden, Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida Steven W. Woodmansee [email protected] January 20, 2006 Submitted by The Institute for Regional Conservation 22601 S.W. 152 Avenue, Miami, Florida 33170 George D. Gann, Executive Director Submitted to CarolAnn Sharkey Key West Botanical Garden 5210 College Road Key West, Florida 33040 and Kate Marks Heritage Preservation 1012 14th Street, NW, Suite 1200 Washington DC 20005 Introduction The Key West Botanical Garden (KWBG) is located at 5210 College Road on Stock Island, Monroe County, Florida. It is a 7.5 acre conservation area, owned by the City of Key West. The KWBG requested that The Institute for Regional Conservation (IRC) conduct a floristic evaluation of its natural areas and grounds and to provide recommendations. Study Design On August 9-10, 2005 an inventory of all vascular plants was conducted at the KWBG. All areas of the KWBG were visited, including the newly acquired property to the south. Special attention was paid toward the remnant natural habitats. A preliminary plant list was established. Plant taxonomy generally follows Wunderlin (1998) and Bailey et al. (1976). Results Five distinct habitats were recorded for the KWBG. Two of which are human altered and are artificial being classified as developed upland and modified wetland. In addition, three natural habitats are found at the KWBG. They are coastal berm (here termed buttonwood hammock), rockland hammock, and tidal swamp habitats. Developed and Modified Habitats Garden and Developed Upland Areas The developed upland portions include the maintained garden areas as well as the cleared parking areas, building edges, and paths.
    [Show full text]
  • Woody and Herbaceous Plants Native to Haiti for Use in Miami-Dade Landscapes1
    Woody and Herbaceous Plants Native to Haiti For use in Miami-Dade Landscapes1 Haiti occupies the western one third of the island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic the remainder. Of all the islands within the Caribbean basin Hispaniola possesses the most varied flora after that of Cuba. The plants contained in this review have been recorded as native to Haiti, though some may now have been extirpated due in large part to severe deforestation. Less than 1.5% of the country’s original tree-cover remains. Haiti’s future is critically tied to re- forestation; loss of tree cover has been so profound that exotic fast growing trees, rather than native species, are being used to halt soil erosion and lessen the risk of mudslides. For more information concerning Haiti’s ecological plight consult references at the end of this document. For present purposes all of the trees listed below are native to Haiti, which is why non-natives such as mango (the most widely planted tree) and other important trees such as citrus, kassod tree (Senna siamea) and lead tree (Leucanea leucocephala) are not included. The latter two trees are among the fast growing species used for re-forestation. The Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History’s Flora of the West Indies was an invaluable tool in assessing the range of plants native to Haiti. Not surprisingly many of the listed trees and shrubs 1 John McLaughlin Ph.D. U.F./Miami-Dade County Extension Office, Homestead, FL 33030 Page | 1 are found in other parts of the Caribbean with some also native to South Florida.
    [Show full text]
  • Palm Beach County Preferred Plant Species List
    Preferred Species List The Palm Beach County Zoning Division has prepared the following list of plants to assist industry and the public with selecting the right plants for the appropriate location. The list contains trees, pahns, shrubs and groundcovers. (ffl}.. PZB, ZONING DIVISION ---------------------------------------~--------------------------~~ Table of Contents Trees Palms Shrubs Groundcovers Trees Monday, October 18, 2004 11:28:28 A Palm Beach County Trees Common Name Scientific Salt Light Mature Growth Type Comments FL Native FL Recommended Flowering Name Size Hardiness Species Street Tree Range Acacia, Sweet Acacia farnesiana H Sun 15x20' M Evergreen Small, thorny, bushy. Fragrant 9b-11 flowers. Native to So. Florida, occasionally in Panhandle. New growth and leaves damaged at 20°F, severe damage at 15°F. Recommended small tree. African Tulip Tree Spathodea M Sun 50x50' F Evergreen Requires little maintenance but is 10b-11 campanulata a messy tree. Has big orange and yellow flowers during winter and spring. Black Olive Bucida buceras H Sun 30x45' M Evergreen An overused tree, can be spiny, 10a-11 leave stain surfaces. Will suffer freeze damage. Large street tree. Moderate value as a street tree. Key: Salt Tolerant L-Low, M-Medium, H-High Light P-Partial, L-Low, Sun-Full, Sh-Shade Native checked=yes; not checked=no "Plant List" Fla Hardiness Range - Plant Zone in Palm Beach County 9b to 10b Common Name Scientific Salt Light Mature Growth Type Comments FL Native FL Recommended Flowering Name Size Hardiness Species Street Tree Range Blolly Guapira discolor H Sun 30x40' M Evergreen A drought tolerant native tree. 9b-11 Smooth gray bark & attractive leaves.
    [Show full text]
  • Chiococca Pinetorum1
    Fact Sheet FPS-125 October, 1999 Chiococca pinetorum1 Edward F. Gilman2 Introduction Chiococca pinetorumparvifolia) is a handsome, low scrambling shrub that can reach a height of 10 feet if given a support to climb upon (Fig. 1). It climbs into neighboring trees and shrubs in the wild. The leathery leaves of the Snowberry are evergreen, shiny, and dark green in color. They are smaller than C. alba.White or purple-white, tubular flowers are found in the leaf axil and occur in 3-inch-long racemes or panicles. Each raceme or panicle is tipped with 6 to 8 of the flowers, and these flowers turn from white to yellow with time. The common name used for this shrub refers to the large, ovoid, sparkling white fruits that follow the delightful flowers. General Information Scientific name: Chiococca pinetorum Pronunciation: kye-oh-KOE-kuh pye-net-TOR-um Common name(s): Pineland Snowberry Family: Rubiaceae Plant type: ground cover USDA hardiness zones: 10B through 11 (Fig. 2) Figure 1. Pineland Snowberry. Planting month for zone 10 and 11: year round Origin: native to Florida Plant habit: spreading; round Uses: espalier; mass planting; foundation; ground cover Plant density: open Availablity: grown in small quantities by a small number of Growth rate: slow nurseries Texture: medium Description Foliage Height: 2 to 3 feet Spread: 3 to 6 feet Leaf arrangement: opposite/subopposite 1.This document is Fact Sheet FPS-125, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: October 1999.
    [Show full text]
  • Management Recommendations for Native Insect Pollinators in Texas
    Management Recommendations for Native Insect Pollinators in Texas Texas Parks and Wildlife Department • 4200 Smith School Road • Austin, Texas 78744 • (512) 389-4800 Management Recommendations for Native Insect Pollinators in Texas Developed by Michael Warriner and Ben Hutchins Nongame and Rare Species Program Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Acknowledgements Critical content review was provided by Mace Vaughn, Anne Stine, and Jennifer Hopwood, The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation and Shalene Jha Ph.D., University of Texas at Austin. Texas Master Naturalists, Carol Clark and Jessica Womack, provided the early impetus for development of management protocols geared towards native pollinators. Cover photos: Left top to bottom: Ben Hutchins, Cullen Hanks, Eric Isley, Right: Eric Isley Design and layout by Elishea Smith © 2016 Texas Parks and Wildlife Department PWD BK W7000-1813 (04/16) In accordance with Texas State Depository Law, this publication is available at the Texas State Publications Clearinghouse and/or Texas Depository Libraries. TPWD receives federal assistance from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other federal agencies and is subject to Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, and state anti-discrimination laws which prohibit discrimination the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex or disability. If you believe that you have been discriminated against in any TPWD program, activity or facility, or need more information, please contact Office of Diversity and Inclusive Workforce Management, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Chiococca Javanica (Rubiaceae) in Relation to Fruit Maturation and Media Growth
    NUSANTARA BIOSCIENCE ISSN: 2087-3948 Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 111-119 E-ISSN: 2087-3956 May 2017 DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090201 Seed germination and seedling growth of Chiococca javanica (Rubiaceae) in relation to fruit maturation and media growth R. SUBEKTI PURWANTORO Centre for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens (Bogor Botanic Gardens), Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Jl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 13 Bogor 16122, West Java, Indonesia. Tel./Fax. 0251-8322-187, ♥email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 26 June 2016. Revision accepted: 2 March 2017. Abstract. Purwantoro RS. 2017. Seed germination and seedling growth of Chiococca javanica (Rubiaceae) in relation to fruit maturation and media growth. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 111-119. Chiococca javanica is a plant having ornamental potential. The seeds extracted from the fruits were classified according to maturity stage: Unripe - yellow; ripe - reddish; and over ripe - dark-red and seed germination were done in two germination media: sand and rice husk. The statistical approach was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicated that the seeds of C. javanica from the ripe and over ripe fruit had higher significances (P<0.05) on germination capacity, speed of germination, mean germination time, mean daily germination, peak value and germination value than the seeds from yellow fruits. The effect of growing media on germination process showed higher significance in sand than that in rice husk. Similarly, mean daily germination in sand was higher than that in rice husk. All seedling growth parameters of the seeds from ripe and over ripe fruit showed significant different on number of leaves, shoot length, diameter of seedlings, number of lateral roots, roots length, fresh weight and dry weight of plants than the seeds from unripe fruit.
    [Show full text]
  • Groundcovers & Grasses [PDF]
    G ROUNDCOVERS &GRASSES Florida Common Name/ Hardiness Watering Salt Light Flower Flower Typical Growth Plant Scientific Name Range Needs Tolerance Range Season Color Height Rate Type Comments NATIVE SPECIES Aster, Stokes 8-10 M Summer Many 1-2' Perennial Works well at the front of perennial borders. Requires acidic, well-drained soil. Cultivars come in a wide range of colors. Cold hardy. Stokesia laevis Beach Morning Glory 8-10b H Spring - White 0.5' Herbaceous Works well as a groundcover. Likes well-drained, sandy soils. Showy flowering vine (non-climbing) for stabilizing beach dunes. Ipomoea imperati (= l. stolonifera) Fall Beach Sunflower 8-10 H All Yellow and 1'-2' Annual Showy flowers, extreme drought and salt tolerance. Although annual, profuse seeding causes colonies to persist well. Excellent groundcover Helianthus debilis Year Black needing no maintenance or irrigation. Bitter Panicgrass 8a-11 H All Green 3.5' Ornamental Coastal; good for stabilizing dunes. Well to excessively drained, moderately coarse-textured and coarse-textured soils. Bluish leaves. Panicum amarum Year Grass Black-eyed Susan 8a-10 L Spring - Yellow and 3' Perennial Works well in wild gardens, flowerbeds or as a border. Likes rich, well-drained soils. Popular as a cut flower. Not damaged by root-knot nematodes. Rudbeckia hirta Fall Black Blanket Flower 8a-11 H All Red, Orange, 2' Annual/ Works well as border or bedding plant. Requires a well-drained soil. Flower has great variation in color. Few insect problems. Re-seeds readily. Gaillardia pulchella Year Yellow Perennial Blue Flag Iris 8a-10a L Spring Blue, 4' Perennial Use as accent plant in wet areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Herbal Mixtures in the Traditional Medicine of Eastern Cuba
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology 90 (2004) 293–316 Herbal mixtures in the traditional medicine of Eastern Cuba Juan Hernández Cano a, Gabriele Volpato b,∗ a BIOECO, Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad, José A. Saco 601 esq. Barnada, 90100, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba b Laboratorio di Agroecologia ed Etnobiologia, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Padova, Via U. Bassi, 58/b 35121 Padova, Italy Received 20 December 2002; received in revised form 3 January 2003; accepted 9 October 2003 Abstract Herbal mixtures in the traditional medicine of Eastern Cuba. Traditional herbal mixtures in Eastern Cuba are investigated through interviews with 130 knowledgeable people and traditional healers of the provinces of Santiago de Cuba and Guantánamo. One hundred seventy plant species and other products are used in 199 formulas, galones being the more complex. Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae), Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae), Cissus sicyoides L. (Vitaceae), Erythroxylum havanense Jacq. (Erythroxylaceae) and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. (Verbenaceae)are the species most frequently cited. The ecological distribution of the taxa and cultural and anthropological aspects of mixtures are highlighted; particularly American and African influences that have shaped local knowledge about plant combinations are discussed. © 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Ethnobotany; Phytomedicine; Herbal mixtures; Eastern Cuba; Galones 1. Introduction groups (Guanche, 1983; Fuentes, 1984b; Rivero de la Calle, 1992; Núñez and González, 1999). This multi-ethnic legacy The study of ethnomedical systems and of plants as ther- has resulted in a rich pharmacopoeia, particularly in moun- apeutic agents is of paramount importance to addressing tainous areas of the eastern provinces of Cuba (Hernández, health problems of traditional communities and third world 1985, 2000).
    [Show full text]