E, E, GREGORY, GUN AND PROJECTLE, APPLICATION FED MAY 22, 1915, 1,166,360. Patented bec, 2 S, 191 5.

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WITNESSES; IWVENTOR

E GRE GO FRY

BY

ATTOREYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. ELI E. GREGORY, OF CENTRAL CITY, KENTUCKY. GUN CARTRIDGE AND PROJECTILE. 1,166,360. Specification of Letters Patent, Patented Dec.28, 1915. Application filed May 22, 1915. Serial No. 29,793. To all chon, it may concern: b. A central portion c is formed by Be it known that I, ELI E. GREGORY, a turning back the metal from the front and citizen of the United States, and a resident thus producing, a hollow tapered portion of Central City, in the county of Muhlen which may project beyond or have greater 60 berg and State of Kentucky, have made an length than the cylindrical body a. In Fig. Improvement in Gun Cartridges and Pro 1 the explosive mixture is shown filling the jectiles, of which the following is a specifi annular space between the cylindrical outer cation. portion a and the central tapered portion c. My invention relates to an improved de The cavity of the tapered portion serves to 65 vice for use in gun cartridges to serve as receive and support the steel tail, or tapered a wad and gas-check in shooting stream-line rear end, d of the projectile. The projectile or other projectiles, including bombs. has a conical striking end e, having a soft The device may be described as cup metal band or sleeve which is adapted to fit shaped in respect to its general form, and in the mouth of the shell b, and when the 70 it may be made in various sizes and modifi cartridge is discharged such band takes into cations in regard to details of shape and the of the gun, so as to give the pro construction. jectile the desired twist or rotation. The invention further includes a projec in the form of the wad or cup-shaped tile proper having certain peculiarities of device shown in Fig. 3, a front or larger 75 construction and operation, the tail-end of end portion is constructed with a taper g the same being adapted for reception and having a sharp shoulder h, which construc support by the central tapered portion of tion adapts it for easy insertion in the car the gas-check and wad. tridge shell, while the circular edge formed The details of construction, arrangement, by the shoulder further adapts it to scrape 80 and operation of parts are as hereinafter a very effectively when the described, and illustrated in the accompany Weapon is discharged. ing drawing, in which, Fig. 4 includes two solid metal forms Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a which may be used with advantage under cartridge with my improved Wads and gas certain conditions. 85 check and projectile proper arranged in the Fig. 5 is a form related to the one shown mouth of the cartridge shell. Fig. 2 is a in Fig. 3, in that it has a tapered portion perspective. view of the wad and gas-check. g’ and a sharp shoulder or edge h. This Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a modifica form of the cup-shaped device is particu tion. Fig. 4 includes a longitudinal Section larly adapted for cartridges of small cali 90 and a perspective of two modified forms of ber, and its sharp edge will scrape the bar the wad and gas-check. Fig. 5 is a per rel very effectively. spective view of another modification par It will be understood that, in practical ticularly adapted for cartridges of Small use of the invention, particularly as illus caliber. trated in Fig. 1, upon explosion of the As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the cup-shaped charge the wad and gas-check is discharged device constituting the wad and gas-check from the shell and carries with it the stream for bullets, and bombs, or other types of line or other form of projectile whose projectiles, is shown as constructed, in the soft band f takes into the rifling of the Wea preferred form, of sheet copper or sheet pon, whild the cylindrical body of the gas 00 alloys having the desired toughness and high check expands also into the rifling and thus fusing point combined with the degree of forms an additional guard against escape flexibility and softness which adapts them of gas past the projectile. More force is to take the rifling and thus check the gases derived by use of the cup or gas-check since due to combustion of the explosive agent. leakage is prevented around the bullet. The 05 The device may be economically manufac energy of the explosion is centered on the tured by stamping it out of sheet copper or middle of the bullet as it rotates around its other sheet metal or by molding it in the axis in consequence of spiral rifling. It forms represented in Figs. 3, 4, 5. does away with all fouling and fusing of In Figs. 1 and 2, a indicates the cylin the bullet by the hot gases, and it also cleans 10 drical body of the wad and gas-check, the out the residue of the previous discharge same fitting the inner wall of the cartridge and thereby lengthens the life of the gun. 2.' 1,166,360 It makes the velocity and range of the pro 2. A cartridge comprising a shell, a pro jectile greater; also lessens the breech pres jectile properly inserted in the mouth of sure and recoil, and especially conduces to the same, a cup-like gas check inserted in very accurate shooting. the shell in rear of said projectile, the gas It is apparent that the long or tapering check having a cylindrical body adapted to rear end of the projectile proper lessen the fit the shell and its front portion construct air resistance as compared with projectiles ed with a central, rearwardly projecting which have a blunt tail or “saw-off,' as the hollow taper, the same being adapted to re phrase goes. Thus, not only is the great ceive and support the tapered tail of a pro 10 pull-back largely overcome by the stream jectile proper, as described. i line construction of the tail of the projectile, 3. A cup-like gas-check adapted to serve but friction is also reduced and greater ac as a support for the tail of a projectile, the curacy obtained. same comprising an enlarged head or front : I claim :- portion, and a rearwardly projecting hollow 15 1. A cartridge comprising a shell, a pro tapered portion, the enlarged head being jectile proper, and a cup-like gas-check in provided with a sharp edge or shoulder, serted in the shell and having a substan as described. tially cylindrical body adapted to fit the in terior of the shell, and a central rearward ELI E. GREGORY. projection which is hollow and tapered and Witnesses: thus adapted to serve as a receptacle and I. B. HENDRICK, support for the tail of the projectile proper. C. E. GREGORY.