Cruise Report
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
A Review of Southern Ocean Squids Using Nets and Beaks
Marine Biodiversity (2020) 50:98 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-020-01113-4 REVIEW A review of Southern Ocean squids using nets and beaks Yves Cherel1 Received: 31 May 2020 /Revised: 31 August 2020 /Accepted: 3 September 2020 # Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung 2020 Abstract This review presents an innovative approach to investigate the teuthofauna from the Southern Ocean by combining two com- plementary data sets, the literature on cephalopod taxonomy and biogeography, together with predator dietary investigations. Sixty squids were recorded south of the Subtropical Front, including one circumpolar Antarctic (Psychroteuthis glacialis Thiele, 1920), 13 circumpolar Southern Ocean, 20 circumpolar subantarctic, eight regional subantarctic, and 12 occasional subantarctic species. A critical evaluation removed five species from the list, and one species has an unknown taxonomic status. The 42 Southern Ocean squids belong to three large taxonomic units, bathyteuthoids (n = 1 species), myopsids (n =1),andoegopsids (n = 40). A high level of endemism (21 species, 50%, all oegopsids) characterizes the Southern Ocean teuthofauna. Seventeen families of oegopsids are represented, with three dominating families, onychoteuthids (seven species, five endemics), ommastrephids (six species, three endemics), and cranchiids (five species, three endemics). Recent improvements in beak identification and taxonomy allowed making new correspondence between beak and species names, such as Galiteuthis suhmi (Hoyle 1886), Liguriella podophtalma Issel, 1908, and the recently described Taonius notalia Evans, in prep. Gonatus phoebetriae beaks were synonymized with those of Gonatopsis octopedatus Sasaki, 1920, thus increasing significantly the number of records and detailing the circumpolar distribution of this rarely caught Southern Ocean squid. The review extends considerably the number of species, including endemics, recorded from the Southern Ocean, but it also highlights that the corresponding species to two well-described beaks (Moroteuthopsis sp. -
CHECKLIST and BIOGEOGRAPHY of FISHES from GUADALUPE ISLAND, WESTERN MEXICO Héctor Reyes-Bonilla, Arturo Ayala-Bocos, Luis E
ReyeS-BONIllA eT Al: CheCklIST AND BIOgeOgRAphy Of fISheS fROm gUADAlUpe ISlAND CalCOfI Rep., Vol. 51, 2010 CHECKLIST AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF FISHES FROM GUADALUPE ISLAND, WESTERN MEXICO Héctor REyES-BONILLA, Arturo AyALA-BOCOS, LUIS E. Calderon-AGUILERA SAúL GONzáLEz-Romero, ISRAEL SáNCHEz-ALCántara Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada AND MARIANA Walther MENDOzA Carretera Tijuana - Ensenada # 3918, zona Playitas, C.P. 22860 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur Ensenada, B.C., México Departamento de Biología Marina Tel: +52 646 1750500, ext. 25257; Fax: +52 646 Apartado postal 19-B, CP 23080 [email protected] La Paz, B.C.S., México. Tel: (612) 123-8800, ext. 4160; Fax: (612) 123-8819 NADIA C. Olivares-BAñUELOS [email protected] Reserva de la Biosfera Isla Guadalupe Comisión Nacional de áreas Naturales Protegidas yULIANA R. BEDOLLA-GUzMáN AND Avenida del Puerto 375, local 30 Arturo RAMíREz-VALDEz Fraccionamiento Playas de Ensenada, C.P. 22880 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Ensenada, B.C., México Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada km. 107, Apartado postal 453, C.P. 22890 Ensenada, B.C., México ABSTRACT recognized the biological and ecological significance of Guadalupe Island, off Baja California, México, is Guadalupe Island, and declared it a Biosphere Reserve an important fishing area which also harbors high (SEMARNAT 2005). marine biodiversity. Based on field data, literature Guadalupe Island is isolated, far away from the main- reviews, and scientific collection records, we pres- land and has limited logistic facilities to conduct scien- ent a comprehensive checklist of the local fish fauna, tific studies. -
Sustainable Seas Expeditions and Recognizes the Capabilities of BACKGROUND INFORMATION Deepworker
INVESTIGATION 3 Planning an Expedition Club-tipped anemone LAURA FRANCIS lzlzlzlzlzlzlzlzlz n this Investigation, students design LEARNING OBJECTIVES I their own scientific expedition to the Students will: sea using the goals of Sustainable Seas • Conduct a simulated vertical transect Expeditions as a guide. They begin by in the sea as one method of doing conducting a simulated vertical transect research; as an example of one method scientists • Plan and design a scientific investiga- tion that meets the goals of use in oceanic research. Sustainable Seas Expeditions and recognizes the capabilities of BACKGROUND INFORMATION DeepWorker. Exploring—For Answers Sustainable Seas Expeditions Research STANDARDS Meet DeepWorker Geography Standard 3 NOAA’s National Marine Sanctuaries How to analyze the spatial organization National Marine Sanctuary Sites of people, places, and environments on the Earth’s surface ACTIVITIES Geography Standard 18 Sample Mission: Vertical Transect How to apply geography to interpret Planning Your SSE Mission the present and plan for the future Science Education Standards Recognizing and developing abilities necessary to design and conduct scientific investigations •47• INVESTIGATION 3 Sample Mission: ACTIVITY Vertical Transect Guiding Question In this activity, students conduct a simulated vertical transect, providing them with an example What is a vertical transect? How do scientists use of one sampling method that they may consider this method to determine the layering system of for their scientific investigations. The data repre- physical and biological parts in the ocean? sents a vertical transect in Monterey Bay, but may be replaced with data from other locations. Discussion Materials Scientists often face the problem of trying to ac- curately interpret a natural system based upon ❑ Dive Mission Cards, one set for the class the limited data they are able to collect in the ❑ Water Sample Cards, one set for the class field. -
Updated Checklist of Marine Fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the Proposed Extension of the Portuguese Continental Shelf
European Journal of Taxonomy 73: 1-73 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.73 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2014 · Carneiro M. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5F217D-8E7B-448A-9CAB-2CCC9CC6F857 Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf Miguel CARNEIRO1,5, Rogélia MARTINS2,6, Monica LANDI*,3,7 & Filipe O. COSTA4,8 1,2 DIV-RP (Modelling and Management Fishery Resources Division), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Brasilia 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3,4 CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] * corresponding author: [email protected] 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:90A98A50-327E-4648-9DCE-75709C7A2472 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1EB6DE00-9E91-407C-B7C4-34F31F29FD88 7 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6D3AC760-77F2-4CFA-B5C7-665CB07F4CEB 8 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:48E53CF3-71C8-403C-BECD-10B20B3C15B4 Abstract. The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences. -
New Zealand Fishes a Field Guide to Common Species Caught by Bottom, Midwater, and Surface Fishing Cover Photos: Top – Kingfish (Seriola Lalandi), Malcolm Francis
New Zealand fishes A field guide to common species caught by bottom, midwater, and surface fishing Cover photos: Top – Kingfish (Seriola lalandi), Malcolm Francis. Top left – Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus), Malcolm Francis. Centre – Catch of hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae), Neil Bagley (NIWA). Bottom left – Jack mackerel (Trachurus sp.), Malcolm Francis. Bottom – Orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus), NIWA. New Zealand fishes A field guide to common species caught by bottom, midwater, and surface fishing New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No: 208 Prepared for Fisheries New Zealand by P. J. McMillan M. P. Francis G. D. James L. J. Paul P. Marriott E. J. Mackay B. A. Wood D. W. Stevens L. H. Griggs S. J. Baird C. D. Roberts‡ A. L. Stewart‡ C. D. Struthers‡ J. E. Robbins NIWA, Private Bag 14901, Wellington 6241 ‡ Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington, 6011Wellington ISSN 1176-9440 (print) ISSN 1179-6480 (online) ISBN 978-1-98-859425-5 (print) ISBN 978-1-98-859426-2 (online) 2019 Disclaimer While every effort was made to ensure the information in this publication is accurate, Fisheries New Zealand does not accept any responsibility or liability for error of fact, omission, interpretation or opinion that may be present, nor for the consequences of any decisions based on this information. Requests for further copies should be directed to: Publications Logistics Officer Ministry for Primary Industries PO Box 2526 WELLINGTON 6140 Email: [email protected] Telephone: 0800 00 83 33 Facsimile: 04-894 0300 This publication is also available on the Ministry for Primary Industries website at http://www.mpi.govt.nz/news-and-resources/publications/ A higher resolution (larger) PDF of this guide is also available by application to: [email protected] Citation: McMillan, P.J.; Francis, M.P.; James, G.D.; Paul, L.J.; Marriott, P.; Mackay, E.; Wood, B.A.; Stevens, D.W.; Griggs, L.H.; Baird, S.J.; Roberts, C.D.; Stewart, A.L.; Struthers, C.D.; Robbins, J.E. -
Cytogenetic Studies on Marine Ostracods: the Karyotype of Giguntocypris Muellen' Skogsberg, 1920 (Ostracoda, Myodocopida)
J.micropalaeontol., 4 (2): 159-164, August 1985 Cytogenetic studies on marine ostracods: the karyotype of Giguntocypris muellen’ Skogsberg, 1920 (Ostracoda, Myodocopida) ALICIA MOGUILEVSKY Department of Geology, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, Dyfed SY23 3DB, U.K. ABSTRACT -The chromosome complement of a bathypelagic myodocopid ostracod, Giganto- cypris muelleri Skogsberg, 1920, is described.The karyotype of this bisexual species consists of 2n = 18 (16A + XX) for the female and 2n = 17 (16A + XO) for the male. These chromosomes are all metacentric and of very similar size, ranging from 19pm to 24km. This is the first description of the karyotype of a marine ostracod. INTRODUCTION Whereas the majority of oceanic planktonic species Most taxonomic studies of Recent species have been release their eggs into the surrounding water, the females concerned solely with carapace and appendage morpho- of G. muelleri retain them in a brood chamber where logy. Although cytogenetic studies on ostracods were they develop before being released as free swimming made as early as 1898 (Woltereck), the knowledge of juveniles. Specimens of Gigantocypris rnuelleri were their karyotypes remains rudimentary. Woltereck (op. collected during cruises of RRS ‘Discovery’ in the N.E. cit.) and other early papers (Schleip, 1909; Schmalz, Atlantic, in June 1981 (Cruise 121, S.W. of Azores) by 1912; Muller-Cale, 1913; Bauer, 1934, 1940) were the author, and in August/September 1983 by Dr. C. mainly concerned with the study of gametogenesis and Ellis (Cruise 140, N.E. and S.E. of Azores). Full station spermatogenesis of freshwater cyprids (Podocopida). data can be obtained from the Cruise Reports (Angel et Although the chromosome complement of some of al., 1981; Herring et al., 1983). -
An Illustrated Key to the Families of the Order
CLYDE F. E. ROP An Illustrated RICHARD E. YOl and GILBERT L. VC Key to the Families of the Order Teuthoidea Cephalopoda) SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • 1969 NUMBER 13 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY NUMBER 13 Clyde F. E. Roper, An Illustrated Key 5K?Z" to the Families of the Order Teuthoidea (Cephalopoda) SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS CITY OF WASHINGTON 1969 SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION The emphasis upon publications as a means of diffusing knowledge was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry articulated a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge not strictly professional." This keynote of basic research has been adhered to over the years in the issuance of thousands of titles in serial publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Annals of Flight Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes original articles and monographs dealing with the research and collections of its several museums and offices and of professional colleagues at other institutions of learning. These papers report newly acquired facts, synoptic interpretations of data, or original theory in specialized fields. -
A New Genus and Three New Species of Decapodiform Cephalopods (Mollusca: Cephalopoda)
Rev Fish Biol Fisheries (2007) 17:353-365 DOI 10.1007/S11160-007-9044-Z .ORIGINAL PAPER A new genus and three new species of decapodiform cephalopods (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) R. E. Young • M. Vecchione • C. F, E, Roper Received: 10 February 2006 / Accepted: 19 December 2006 / Pubhshed online: 30 March 2007 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007 Abstract We describe here two new species of Introduction oegopsid squids. The first is an Asperoteuthis (Chiroteuthidae), and it is based on 18 specimens. We describe three new species of cephalopods This new species has sucker dentition and a from three different families in two different funnel-mantle locking apparatus that are unique orders that have little in common except they are within the genus. The second new species is a from unusual and poorly known groups. The Promachoteuthis (Promachoteuthidae), and is unique nature of these cephalopods has been based on a unique specimen. This new species known for over 30 years but they were not has tentacle ornamentation which is unique within described because (1) with two species we waited the genus. We also describe a new genus and a new for the collection of more or better material species of sepioid squid in the subfamily Hetero- which never materialized and (2) with one species teuthinae (Sepiolidae) and it is based on four the type material was misplaced, virtually forgot- specimens. This new genus and species exhibits ten and only recently rediscovered. The 2006 unique modifications of the arms in males. CIAC symposium was the stimulus to finally publish these species which should have been Keywords Amphorateuthis alveatus • published in the first CIAC symposium in 1985. -
Defensive Behaviors of Deep-Sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy
Defensive Behaviors of Deep-sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy by Stephanie Lynn Bush A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Roy L. Caldwell, Chair Professor David R. Lindberg Professor George K. Roderick Dr. Bruce H. Robison Fall, 2009 Defensive Behaviors of Deep-sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy © 2009 by Stephanie Lynn Bush ABSTRACT Defensive Behaviors of Deep-sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy by Stephanie Lynn Bush Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology University of California, Berkeley Professor Roy L. Caldwell, Chair The deep sea is the largest habitat on Earth and holds the majority of its’ animal biomass. Due to the limitations of observing, capturing and studying these diverse and numerous organisms, little is known about them. The majority of deep-sea species are known only from net-caught specimens, therefore behavioral ecology and functional morphology were assumed. The advent of human operated vehicles (HOVs) and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) have allowed scientists to make one-of-a-kind observations and test hypotheses about deep-sea organismal biology. Cephalopods are large, soft-bodied molluscs whose defenses center on crypsis. Individuals can rapidly change coloration (for background matching, mimicry, and disruptive coloration), skin texture, body postures, locomotion, and release ink to avoid recognition as prey or escape when camouflage fails. Squids, octopuses, and cuttlefishes rely on these visual defenses in shallow-water environments, but deep-sea cephalopods were thought to perform only a limited number of these behaviors because of their extremely low light surroundings. -
Copyrighted Material
06_250317 part1-3.qxd 12/13/05 7:32 PM Page 15 Phylum Chordata Chordates are placed in the superphylum Deuterostomia. The possible rela- tionships of the chordates and deuterostomes to other metazoans are dis- cussed in Halanych (2004). He restricts the taxon of deuterostomes to the chordates and their proposed immediate sister group, a taxon comprising the hemichordates, echinoderms, and the wormlike Xenoturbella. The phylum Chordata has been used by most recent workers to encompass members of the subphyla Urochordata (tunicates or sea-squirts), Cephalochordata (lancelets), and Craniata (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals). The Cephalochordata and Craniata form a mono- phyletic group (e.g., Cameron et al., 2000; Halanych, 2004). Much disagree- ment exists concerning the interrelationships and classification of the Chordata, and the inclusion of the urochordates as sister to the cephalochor- dates and craniates is not as broadly held as the sister-group relationship of cephalochordates and craniates (Halanych, 2004). Many excitingCOPYRIGHTED fossil finds in recent years MATERIAL reveal what the first fishes may have looked like, and these finds push the fossil record of fishes back into the early Cambrian, far further back than previously known. There is still much difference of opinion on the phylogenetic position of these new Cambrian species, and many new discoveries and changes in early fish systematics may be expected over the next decade. As noted by Halanych (2004), D.-G. (D.) Shu and collaborators have discovered fossil ascidians (e.g., Cheungkongella), cephalochordate-like yunnanozoans (Haikouella and Yunnanozoon), and jaw- less craniates (Myllokunmingia, and its junior synonym Haikouichthys) over the 15 06_250317 part1-3.qxd 12/13/05 7:32 PM Page 16 16 Fishes of the World last few years that push the origins of these three major taxa at least into the Lower Cambrian (approximately 530–540 million years ago). -
Midwater Data Sheet
MIDWATER TRAWL DATA SHEET RESEARCH VESSEL__________________________________(1/20/2013Version*) CLASS__________________;DATE_____________;NAME:_________________________; DEVICE DETAILS___________ LOCATION (OVERBOARD): LAT_______________________; LONG___________________________ LOCATION (AT DEPTH): LAT_______________________; LONG______________________________ LOCATION (START UP): LAT_______________________; LONG______________________________ LOCATION (ONBOARD): LAT_______________________; LONG______________________________ BOTTOM DEPTH_________; DEPTH OF SAMPLE:____________; DURATION OF TRAWL___________; TIME: IN_________AT DEPTH________START UP__________SURFACE_________ SHIP SPEED__________; WEATHER__________________; SEA STATE_________________; AIR TEMP______________ SURFACE TEMP__________; PHYS. OCE. NOTES______________________; NOTES_____________________________ INVERTEBRATES Lensia hostile_______________________ PHYLUM RADIOLARIA Lensia havock______________________ Family Tuscaroridae “Round yellow ones”___ Family Hippopodiidae Vogtia sp.___________________________ PHYLUM CTENOPHORA Family Prayidae Subfamily Nectopyramidinae Class Nuda "Pointed siphonophores"________________ Order Beroida Nectadamas sp._______________________ Family Beroidae Nectopyramis sp.______________________ Beroe abyssicola_____________________ Family Prayidae Beroe forskalii________________________ Subfamily Prayinae Beroe cucumis _______________________ Craseoa lathetica_____________________ Class Tentaculata Desmophyes annectens_________________ Subclass -
BIOSCIENCE EXPLAINED, 2001 Bioscience | Explained Vol 1 | No 1
bioscience | explained Vol 1 | No 1 Edith A. Widder Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Fort Pierce, Florida Marine bioluminescence Why do so many animals in the open ocean make light? Who makes light and why? Bioluminescence is visible light made by living creatures. Such creatures are rare on land but extremely common in the oceans. A list of some of the many different kinds of bioluminescent creatures in the world, classified by the different environments in which they live, gives some sense of the relative significance of bioluminescence in the marine environment, compared to in the terrestrial and freshwater realms (Table 1). Bioluminescent creatures occur in all oceans at all depths with the greatest numbers found in the upper 1000 m of the vast open ocean. The prevalence of bioluminescence here is a consequence of the unique visual characteristics of this environment. This is a world without hiding places where sunlight filtering down through the depths decreases approximately 10-fold for every 75 m of descent until all visible light disappears below 1000 m. In this twilight realm the light is dim and blue and highly directional so that the only creatures that are visible are those directly overhead or those that produce their own light with bioluminescence. In this context bioluminescence can aid in the survival of an organism in three critical ways: 1. Bioluminescence can help an animal find food. When looking for something in the dark a flashlight is a very handy tool and many animals have built-in bioluminescent flashlights. The aptly named flashlight fish is a good example (Video clip 1).