DOCSLIB.ORG

Metrohm Petroleum Refinery Applications

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Metrohm Petroleum Refinery Applications Metrohm Petroleum Refinery Applications Innovation to fuel profitability Innovation to Fuel Profitability Whether it is simply running a standard method or Impacting the Entire Refining implementing a customized process system, Metrohm is Process ready to partner with you to help drive productivity and Refineries are complex operations that convert crude profitability in your operation. oil into a range of products. Optimizing the production process to improve yield and maximize profitability is a key objective of any refinery. A recent study found that losses Driving Global Standards due to corrosion alone can approach $12 billion USD per Standard methods are more important than ever before year. Metrohm offers innovative analytical methodologies because these industry validated solutions streamline to improve process efficiency, protect against corrosion testing, making it consistent in labs all over the world. and maximize profitability. ASTM, UOP, ISO, IP and other global standards are commonly used for product quality control testing as they From crude oil to highly refined petroleum products, facilitate global commerce and are the basis of sound Metrohm offers solutions that deliver value across the economies. refinery. The testing of crude and refined oil products is demanding The table on the following page demonstrates the utility and requires precise and reliable analysis to meet regulatory of Metrohm products across the entire refining operation. demands. Metrohm is actively involved with ASTM and This brochure connects the regulatory needs of the helps drive method development. We take on these industry to our quality titration, ion chromatography, near- challenges and deliver solutions that improve accuracy and infrared and process products. efficiency. 1 PRODUCT PARAMETER TECHNOLOGY METHOD REFERENCE PAGE # Crude Oil Total acid number Thermometric titration ASTM D8045 3 Total acid number Potentiometric titration ASTM D664 3 Water content KF volumetric titration ASTM D4377 3 Water content KF coulometric titration ASTM D4928 3 Salt content Potentiometric titration ASTM D6470 4 Organic halides Potentiometric titration ASTM D4929 4 Organic halides Combustion IC AN-CIC-14 4 Jet Fuel & Kerosene Acidity Potentiometric titration ASTM D3242 4 Hydrogen sulfide and Potentiometric titration ASTM D3227 4 mercaptans Organic halides and sulfur Combustion IC AN-CIC-14 4 Water content KF volumetric titration ASTM D4377 4 Water content KF coulometric titration ASTM D4928 4 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Hydrogen sulfide Potentiometric titration ASTM D2420 5 Water content KF coulometric titration AN-K-058 5 Organic halides and sulfur Combustion IC AN-CIC-018 5 Diesel & Biodiesel Blends Total acid number Potentiometric titration ASTM D664 6 Iodine number Potentiometric titration 8.000.6020 6 Water content KF coulometric titration 8.000.6077 6 Oxidation stability Oxidation stability EN15751(EN 14112) 6 Free and total glycerol content Ion chromatography ASTM D7591 6 Antioxidant content Ion chromatography TA-005 6 Sulfur content Combustion IC TA-049 6 Fuel Ethanol & Gasoline Blends pHe pH measurement ASTM D6432 7 Total acid number and acidity Potentiometric titration ASTM D7795 7 Water content KF volumetric titration ASTM E1064 7 Water content KF coulometric titration ASTM E203 7 Inorganic chloride content Ion chromatography ASTM D7319 & ASTM D7328 7 Total and potential inorganic Ion chromatography ASTM D7319 & ASTM D7328 7 sulfate content PROCESS PARAMETER TECHNOLOGY METHOD REFERENCE PAGE # Crude Desalting Total acid number of crude oil Online titration AN-PAN-1037 8 Salt in crude oil Online titration AN-PAN-1014 8 Desalted water anlaysis Online and lab titration AN-T-076 8 Mercaptans and hydrogen Online titration AN-PAN-1026 8 sulfide Salt content (salinity) Conductometric method ASTM D3230 8 Organically bound halides in Alkylation Combustion IC AN-CIC-018 9 feed, process and alkylates Acid strength Online titration AN-PAN-1006 9 Residual moisture in alkyate gas KF gas analyzer AN-K-058 9 Sour Water Stripping Hydrogen sulfide and ammonia Online titration AN-PAN-1001 10 Anions, sulfide and Ion chromatography AW IC-US-0218 10 ammonium in sour water Amine Treatment Heat stable salts Ion chromatography AN-S-343 10 Bicine Ion chromatography AW IC-US-0215 10 Amine strength Online titration AN-PAN-1003 10 Cetane number, density, Diesel & Gasoline Blending FAME, flash point, pour point, Online near-IR AN-NIR-022 11 Monitoring viscosity, cloud point Ethylene Cracking Various parameters Online near-IR AN-NIR-US-073 12 Water & Waste Water Analysis Various parameters Various technologies Various methods 13 Corrosion Monitoring Corrosion determination Electrochemistry Various methods 14 Crude Oil Crude oil assays evaluate the physical and chemical composition of crude oil feedstock. Each type of crude oil has unique chemical characteristics that are important to refiners, oil traders and producers globally. Crude oil measurements can vary from a simple yield determination to a complex evaluation of the quality of the crude oil and all of its refined fractions. These evaluations are critical to control corrosion in the refinery and greatly impact the profitability of all refining operations given the potential for significant loss in crude investments and disruptions in the refining process that influence yield, quality, production and environment. Total Acid Number by ASTM D664 Even though it is not as effective or reliable as ASTM D8045, many laboratories still measure Acid Number using ASTM D664. Metrohm has proven potentiomentric systems that yield the most accurate results from D664 and provide a high level of automation for worry free analysis. Water Content by ASTM D4377 & D4928 The determination of the amount of water in crude oil and petroleum products has always been important. Karl Fischer (KF) titration is the best water determination method due to its excellent reproducibility and accuracy as well as its ease of use. For these reasons, KF is called out in numerous international standards. Water is not homogeneously distributed in these products, which means that the petroleum samples must be homogenized Total Acid Number by ASTM D8045 before analysis. Furthermore, crude and heavy oils contain Acid Number (AN) is a critical quality control parameter for tars that can contaminate electrodes and titration cells crude oil and petroleum products. The accuracy of the AN leading to frequent reagent exchange and titration cell results has significant influence on the commercial value of crude oil and the profitability of a refinery. Moreover, acidic compounds lead to corrosion in petroleum refining and transportation infrastructure, therefore accurate AN measurements are necessary for safe operation. Given the commercial and corrosion impact of acidic compounds monitored by AN titrations, new method ASTM D8045 is critical to quality control laboratories throughout the industry. ASTM D8045 uses thermometric titration and improves upon the traditional D664 analysis technique by utilizing a sensor that is unaffected by difficult matrices, requires lower solvent volumes, and completes sample analysis in often less than two minutes. 3 cleaning. These additional steps add time and complexity by combining combustion digestion (pyrolysis) with to these measurements. To ensure that the sample subsequent ion chromatography. completely dissolves, solubility promoters are added to the methanol. Combustion IC can detect of individual halides without the interference that is encountered in any of the competing Metrohm offers both volumetric and coulometric KF detection methods for ASTM D4929 titrators for moisture determination in crude oil samples. Chloride by ASTM D6470 & D3227 Jet Fuel & Kerosene Chlorides in crude oil form areas of salt accumulation in processing units. These salt accumulations corrode key Total Acid Number by ASTM D3242 equipment, especially those that run in low-temperature The acid and base number may also be determined ranges where hydrogen chloride forms. Refineries by photometric titration with color indication of the constantly optimize the production process to improve the equivalence point. Metrohm offers a unique optical yield of high value products. They lose their profit due to electrode called the Optrode, a new sensor for photometric the corrosion to the level of 1 billion per year. Protecting titration. It is 100% solvent resistant thanks to its inert plants against the corrosion caused by sulfur, chloride and glass shaft. Another key advantage of the Optrode is its other organic acids is important in the context of safety capacity for automation. and profitability. Water Content in Jet Fuel by ASTM D4377 Chloride in crude oil is determined by potentiometric & D4928 and conductometric methods in accordance with ASTM Fuels contain mercaptans that are oxidized by iodine and methods. can falsely indicate a high water content. Organic Chlorides by ASTM D4929 The problem is addressed by adding N-ethylmaleimide, Organic chlorides in crude oil are known to cause severe which causes the SH groups of the mercaptan to add to corrosion in crude tower overhead systems, therefore, the double bond of N-ethylmaleimide. Normally the water most refineries allow no more than 1 ppm (mg/L) organic content in fuels is determined by coulometric titration. chlorides in the crude charge. There are two alternative With volumetric titration, a solubility promoter must be test methods for determination of organic chloride in added to the methanol.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • APPENDIX M SUMMARY of MAJOR TYPES of Carfg2 REFINERY
    APPENDIX M SUMMARY OF MAJOR TYPES OF CaRFG2 REFINERY MODIFICATIONS Appendix M: Summan/ of Major Types of CaRFG2 Refinery Modifications: Alkylation Units A process unit that combines small-molecule hydrocarbon gases produced in the FCCU with a branched chain hydrocarbon called isobutane, producing a material called alkylate, which is blended into gasoline to raise the octane rating. Alkylate is a high octane, low vapor pressure gasoline blending component that essentially contains no olefins, aromatics, or sulfur. This plant improves the ultimate gasoline-making ability of the FCC plant. Therefore, many California refineries built new or modified existing units to increase alkylate production to blend and to produce greater amounts of CaRFG2. Alkylate is produced by combining C3, C4, and C5 components with isobutane (nC4). The process of alkylation is the reverse of cracking. Olefins (such as butenes and propenes) and isobutane are used as feedstocks and combined to produce alkylate. This process enables refiners to utilize lighter components that otherwise could not be blended into gasoline due to their high vapor pressures. Feed to alkylation unit can include pentanes from light cracked gasoline treaters, isobutanes from butane isomerization unit, and C3/C4 streams from delayed coking units. Isomerization Units - C4/C5/C6 A refinery that has an alkylation plant is not likely to have exactly enough is-butane to match the proplylene and butylene (olefin) feeds. The refiner usually has two choices - buy iso-butane or make it in a butane isomerization (Bl) plant. Isomerization is the rearrangement of straight chain hydrocarbon molecules to form branched chain products or to convert normal paraffins to their isomer.
    [Show full text]
  • Olefins Recovery CRYO–PLUS ™ TECHNOLOGY 02
    Olefins Recovery CRYO–PLUS ™ TECHNOLOGY 02 Refining & petrochemical experience. Linde Engineering North America Inc. (LENA) has constructed more than twenty (20) CRYO-PLUS™ units since 1984. Proprietary technology. Higher recovery with less energy. Refinery configuration. Designed to be used in low-pressure hydrogen-bearing Some of the principal crude oil conversion processes are off-gas applications, the patented CRYO-PLUS™ process fluid catalytic cracking and catalytic reforming. Both recovers approximately 98% of the propylene and heavier processes convert crude products (naphtha and gas oils) components with less energy required than traditional into high-octane unleaded gasoline blending components liquid recovery processes. (reformate and FCC gasoline). Cracking and reforming processes produce large quantities of both saturated and Higher product yields. unsaturated gases. The resulting incremental recovery of the olefins such as propylene and butylene by the CRYO-PLUS™ process means Excess fuel gas in refineries. that more feedstock is available for alkylation and polym- The additional gas that is produced overloads refinery erization. The result is an overall increase in production of gas recovery processes. As a result, large quantities of high-octane, zero sulfur, gasoline. propylene and propane (C3’s), and butylenes and butanes (C4’s) are being lost to the fuel system. Many refineries Our advanced design for ethylene recovery. produce more fuel gas than they use and flaring of the ™ The CRYO-PLUS C2= technology was specifically excess gas is all too frequently the result. designed to recover ethylene and heavier hydrocarbons from low-pressure hydrogen-bearing refinery off-gas streams. Our patented design has eliminated many of the problems associated with technologies that predate the CRYO-PLUS C2=™ technology.
    [Show full text]
  • Providing a Guide
    Lydia Miller, Emerson Automation Solutions, USA, explores how guided wave radar instruments can help a refinery make accurate level measurements in a corrosive environment. he alkylation process has long been an important The first two product streams come out of the main technique for refiners to create economical fractionator and are sent on for additional refinement. The gasoline blending components capable of raising propane is part of a mixed stream coming out of the acid the octane rating. There are two main process settler, also containing unrecovered HF and unreacted Tapproaches that are distinguished from one another by isobutane. This stream is sent to a de-propanising stage, their catalyst, either sulfuric acid or hydrofluoric acid (HF). which is effectively a large trayed distillation column, Both approaches take lighter components – primarily where propane is separated from the liquid and sent on for isobutane and olefins (various low-molecular-weight purification. The liquid stream is recycled back to the alkenes) – and, using one of the acids as a catalyst, convert original reactor and mixed with fresh feedstocks. The them to alkylate, which can be added to gasoline. highest possible degree of separation is desirable because This octane booster can be used year-round as it does when the propane is sold as a product it must not have HF not cause vapour pressure problems that are common to residues, and returning propane to the reactor reduces its alternative additives. Both processes were developed efficiency. during World War II to help increase the supply of high-octane aviation fuel available to allied air forces, and The de-propanising tower both have been in use ever since.
    [Show full text]
  • Optimization of Refining Alkylation Process Unit Using Response
    Optimization of Refining Alkylation Process Unit using Response Surface Methods By Jose Bird, Darryl Seillier, Michael Teders, and Grant Jacobson - Valero Energy Corporation Abstract This paper illustrates a methodology to optimize the operations of an alkylation unit based on response surface methods. Trial based process optimization requires the unit to be operated across a wide range of conditions. This approach tends to be opposed by refinery operations as it can disrupt the normal operations of a process unit. Using the methods presented in this paper, the general direction of process improvement is first identified using a first order profit response surface built from available operating data. The performance of the unit is then evaluated at the refinery by making systematic changes to the key factors in the projected direction of process improvement. The operating results are then used to build a localized second order profit response surface to generate a revised set of optimum targets. Multiple linear regression models are used to predict alkylate yield, alkylate octane and Iso-stripper or De-Isobutanizer reboiler duty as a function of key process variables. These models are then used to generate a profit response surface for selection of an optimum target region for step testing at the refinery prior to implementation of the unit targets. 1. Introduction An alkylation unit takes a feed stream with a high olefin content, typically originating from a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit, and adds isobutane (IC4) which reacts with the olefins to produce a high octane alkylate product. Either hydrofluoric or sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst for the alkylation reaction.
    [Show full text]
  • Modeling the HF Alkylation Chemistry Contents
    think simulation | getting the chemistry right Modeling the HF alkylation chemistry An OLI Joint Industry Project (JIP) beginning April 2019 Contents Corrosion in the HF alkylation process ............................................................................................................ 2 Current modeling challenge ............................................................................................................................ 2 OLI Systems framework .................................................................................................................................. 2 Proposed Joint Industry Project (JIP) ............................................................................................................... 3 Project approach ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Project feasibility ............................................................................................................................................ 4 Pricing and deliverables ................................................................................................................................. 4 JIP details ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 Why choose OLI? ..........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Alkylation: a Key to Cleaner Fuels and Better Vehicle Mileage
    Alkylation A Key to Cleaner Gasoline & Better Vehicle Mileage American Fuel & Petrochemical Manufacturers (AFPM) is the leading trade association representing the majority of U.S. refining and petrochemical manufacturing capacity. Our members produce the fuels that power the U.S. economy and the chemical building blocks integral to millions of products that make modern life possible. U.S. gasoline needs alkylate for (OSHA) Process Safety Management and projects to transition from HF to Refineries that are close to chemical facil- its octane and environmental program and the Environmental even newer alkylation technologies are ities may have the option of selling their properties Protection Agency’s (EPA) Risk still in early phases. Eliminating the use propylene and butylene as feedstocks America’s fuel refiners use a chemical Management Program. But refineries that of either HF or sulfuric acid technology to manufacture plastics and sanitizers. process called alkylation to produce use HF go even further. Because nothing would severely diminish U.S. capacity to For refineries without this option, HF Refinery alkylation alkylate, a component of the cleaner is more important to the refining industry manufacture cleaner gasoline in line with alkylation technology provides an answer Alkylation is a refinery gasoline required by today’s higher- than the safety of our people and consumer demand. where sulfuric acid technology does not. is subject to layers process essential to the efficiency automobiles. Nearly 90 U.S. communities, facilities with HF alkylation HF units can co-process both propylene of regulation and refineries — representing 90% of total U.S. units also adhere to exacting industry and butylene to make alkylate.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of Selected Petroleum Refining Residuals
    STUDY OF SELECTED PETROLEUM REFINING RESIDUALS INDUSTRY STUDY Part 1 August 1996 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Office of Solid Waste Hazardous Waste Identification Division 401 M Street, SW Washington, DC 20460 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Number 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND ............................................... 1 1.2 OTHER EPA REGULATORY PROGRAMS IMPACTING THE PETROLEUM REFINING INDUSTRY ............................. 2 1.3 INDUSTRY STUDY FINDINGS .................................. 3 2.0 INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION ........................................... 8 2.1 PETROLEUM REFINING INDUSTRY PROFILE ..................... 8 2.2 INDUSTRY STUDY ........................................... 10 2.2.1 Site Selection ......................................... 11 2.2.2 Engineering Site Visits .................................. 13 2.2.3 RCRA §3007 Questionnaire .............................. 13 2.2.4 Familiarization Sampling ................................ 14 2.2.5 Record Sampling ....................................... 15 2.2.6 Split Samples Analyzed by API ........................... 20 2.2.7 Synthesis ............................................. 20 3.0 PROCESS AND WASTE DESCRIPTIONS ............................... 21 3.1 REFINERY PROCESS OVERVIEW .............................. 21 3.2 CRUDE OIL DESALTING ...................................... 25 3.2.1 Process Description ..................................... 25 3.2.2 Desalting Sludge ....................................... 26 3.3 HYDROCRACKING
    [Show full text]
  • In a Refinery, the Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU)
    Bonnie Crossland, Emerson Automation To ensure optimum operation of the FCC and the VRU, real time compositional data to process control systems is Solutions, USA, considers how gas required and the process gas chromatograph (GC) is the chromatograph technology can be used analytical workhorse for online compositional measurement in refineries. While other technologies, such to optimise fluid catalytic cracking. as mass spectrometry or process gas analysers, can be considered in most refineries, GCs offer a balance of n a refinery, the fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) is accuracy, process appropriate speed, ease of use, reliability one of the most important processes for converting low and cost-effectiveness. While most refinery personnel value heavy oils into valuable gasoline and lighter accept GC technology as an excellent measurement product. More than half of the refinery’s heavy solution for the FCCU and VRU, it bears an explanation of Ipetroleum goes through the FCCU for processing. how GC measurement points provide essential information Consequently, efficient operation of the FCCU directly for efficient refinery operation. impacts the refinery’s profitability. The valuable light gases produced by the catalytic process are sent to a vapour FCCU recovery unit (VRU). VRUs are an important source of As a review, it is important to know that the feed to the butane and pentane olefins, which are used as feed in FCCU in a refinery is the heavy gas oils from the crude unit refinery processes such as the alkylation unit. The alkylation as well as vacuum gas oils from the vacuum crude unit. The unit then converts the olefins to high octane products.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Petroleum Refining
    ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH, AND SAFETY GUIDELINES PETROLEUM REFINING November 17, 2016 ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH, AND SAFETY GUIDELINES FOR PETROLEUM REFINING INTRODUCTION 1. The Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines are technical reference documents with general and industry-specific examples of Good International Industry Practice (GIIP).1 When one or more members of the World Bank Group are involved in a project, these EHS Guidelines are applied as required by their respective policies and standards. These industry sector EHS Guidelines are designed to be used together with the General EHS Guidelines document, which provides guidance to users on common EHS issues potentially applicable to all industry sectors. For complex projects, use of multiple industry sector guidelines may be necessary. A complete list of industry sector guidelines can be found at: www.ifc.org/ehsguidelines. 2. The EHS Guidelines contain the performance levels and measures that are generally considered to be achievable in new facilities by existing technology at reasonable costs. Application of the EHS Guidelines to existing facilities may involve the establishment of site-specific targets, with an appropriate timetable for achieving them. 3. The applicability of the EHS Guidelines should be tailored to the hazards and risks established for each project on the basis of the results of an environmental assessment in which site-specific variables— such as host country context, assimilative capacity of the environment, and other project factors—are taken into account. The applicability of specific technical recommendations should be based on the professional opinion of qualified and experienced persons. 4. When host country regulations differ from the levels and measures presented in the EHS Guidelines, projects are expected to achieve whichever is more stringent.
    [Show full text]
  • On-Line Process Analyzers: Potential Uses and Applications
    On-Line Process Analyzers: Potential Uses and Applications INTRODUCTION The purpose of this report is to provide ideas for application of Precision Scientific process analyzers in petroleum refineries. The information is arranged by refining process. Included in this synopsis are applications which we believe will be economically feasible in many refineries. Special conditions may exist in any specific refinery which justify an “unusual” use of Precision Scientific instruments. For example, most refiners would be more likely to use a flash point analyzer on a crude unit, fluid catalytic cracking unit or hydrocracking unit than on a coker. (The volumes of naphtha and distillate streams from the coker are substantially smaller than the corresponding materials from the crude, catalytic cracking or hydrocracking units, and thus there is relatively less economic incentive to optimize yields of coker naphtha and coker distillate). However, a specific refiner could have some problem with the configuration of his coking unit which would provide more than the normal incentive. This special situation is not reflected in the applications that we have included in this report. The primary advantage to using on-line process analyzers in refining operations is the ability to control the product streams closer to specifications. Periodic analysis of the product streams leaving a particular unit can be used for both quality control and for control of the unit operation, in order to maximize the yield of high-value products. A dedicated process analyzer would be able to provide measurement results quicker and with better repeatability than laboratory analysis. This would allow for better control of heater loads, reflux, and the tracking of transients.
    [Show full text]
  • Olefins Recovery CRYO-PLUS(PDF 4.0
    02 REFINING & PETROCHEMICAL EXPERIENCE Linde Process Plants, Inc. (LPP) has constructed more than twenty (20) CRYO-PLUS™ units since 1984. Proprietary Technology Higher Recovery with Less Energy Refinery Configuration Designed to be used in low-pressure hydrogen-bearing Some of the principal crude oil conversion processes are off-gas applications, the patented CRYO-PLUS™ process fluid catalytic cracking and catalytic reforming. Both recovers approximately 98% of the propylene and heavier processes convert crude products (naphtha and gas oils) components with less energy required than traditional into high-octane unleaded gasoline blending components liquid recovery processes. (reformate and FCC gasoline). Cracking and reforming processes produce large quantities of both saturated and unsaturated gases. Higher Product Yields The resulting incremental recovery of the olefins such as propylene and butylene by the CRYO-PLUS™ process means Excess Fuel Gas in Refineries that more feedstock is available for alkylation and polym- The additional gas that is produced overloads refinery erization. The result is an overall increase in production of gas recovery processes. As a result, large quantities of high-octane, zero sulfur, gasoline. propylene and propane (C3’s), and butylenes and butanes (C4’s) are being lost to the fuel system. Many refineries produce more fuel gas than they use and flaring of the excess gas is all too frequently the result. Our Advanced Design for Ethylene Recovery The CRYO-PLUS C2=™ technology was specifically designed to recover ethylene and heavier hydrocarbons from low-pressure hydrogen-bearing refinery off-gas streams. Our patented design has eliminated many of the problems associated with technologies that predate the CRYO-PLUS C2=™ technology.
    [Show full text]
  • Successful Operation of the First Alkyclean® Solid Acid Alkylation Unit
    Successful Operation of the First AlkyClean® Solid Acid Alkylation Unit June 29, 2017 AIChE Lecture Dinner Meeting OVERVIEW . Leading provider of technology and infrastructure for the energy industry . 125+ years of experience and expertise in reliable solutions . $19.3 billion backlog (Mar. 31, 2017) . More than 40,000 employees worldwide . Relentless focus on safety: 0.00 LTIR (Mar. 31, 2017) A World of Solutions 1 CORE VALUES A World of Solutions 2 CB&I HISTORY A World of Solutions 3 CDTECH in the Beginning – Ingenuity at Work! Site of Technology’s birth in 1977: Larry Smith’s Laundry Room Pasadena, Texas A World of Solutions 4 From here….. in 1988 South Houston Site – Commercial Development Unit (CDU) A World of Solutions 5 …..To here State of the Art Research Facilities in Pasadena, Texas A World of Solutions 6 BREADTH OF SERVICES Technology Engineering & Construction . Licensed technology . Engineering . Proprietary catalysts . Procurement . Technical services . Construction . Commissioning Fabrication Services Capital Services . Fabrication & erection . Program management . Process & modularization . Maintenance services . Pipe fitting and distribution . Remediation and restoration . Engineered products . Emergency response . Specialty equipment . Environmental consulting A World of Solutions 7 TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW Capabilities Differentiation . Petrochemical, gas processing . Most complete portfolio of olefins and refining technologies technologies . Proprietary catalysts . World leader in heavy oil upgrading technologies . Consulting
    [Show full text]