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Community Engagement and Training Parabiologists for the Protection of Globally Threatened Species in and Around Southern Sangay National Park, Ecuador

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Community Engagement and Training Parabiologists for the Protection of Globally Threatened Species in and Around Southern Sangay National Park, Ecuador This work was funded withh the generous support of the American people through the Leader with Associates Cooperative Agreement No.EPP-AA-00-06-00014-00 for implementation of the TransLinks project. The contennts of this reportt are the responsibility of the author and do not necesssarily reflect the views of the United States government. C O MMUNI TY ENG AGEME NT A N D TRAIN ING PAR ABIOLO GISTS FOR THE PRO TECTIO N OF GLOBA LLY THREATEN ED SPECIES IN A ND AROUN D SOUTH ERN S ANGAY N ATIONAL PA RK, E C UADOR M IDTERM R EPORT Adrian Treves: University of Wisconsin-Madison Catherine Schloegel: Fundación Cordilleera Tropical ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ Provided by the Land Tenure Center. Comments eencouraged: Land Tenure Center, Nelson Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA [email protected]; tel: +608-262-8029; fax: +608-262-0014 http://www.ies.wisc.edu/ltc Community engagement and training parabiologists for the protection of globally threatened species in and around southern Sangay National Park, Ecuador MIDTERM REPORT August 18, 2010 By Adrian Treves, PhD Catherine Schloegel, M.S. for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service International Programs With support from CCL and FCT Midterm Report to USFWS – August 2010 1 1. Grantee information Organization name Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System, (PI) Adrian Treves, Ph.D. Carnivore Coexistence Lab, Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, [email protected] Project officer Sarah Gannon-Nagle, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division International Conservation, 4401 N. Fairfax Drive, Suite 100, Arlington, Virginia 22203, T: 703-358- 1950, F: 703-358-2115, [email protected] Assistance Award Number 96200 - 9 - G219 Start and end date of Award performance period 8/25/2009 – 3/30/2011 Start and end date of the reporting period 8/25/2009 – 8/18/2010 2. A description of the current project status: Introduction Ongoing human-wildlife conflicts threaten the integrity of wild animal populations and their native habitats found within southern Sangay National Park (SNP), Ecuador. Far- ranging animals, like the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) and big cats, frequently foray on private lands, both inside and adjacent to the park, where they encounter people and their property. People often retaliate against the offending animals or clear habitat preemptively. Long-term solutions to these conflicts require community engagement, training, and collaborative management. From its inception in 2002, the Don Oso Conservation Program has focused on field research, local capacity building and environmental education to identify site-specific solutions to human/wildlife conflicts and provide local landowners with the tools and knowledge to live alongside these far-ranging populations of wild, and often threatening, animals in southern SNP. The initiative represents an on-going collaboration between the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Fundación Cordillera Tropical, officials of SNP and local landholders. CCL and FCT Midterm Report to USFWS – August 2010 2 The Carnivore Coexistence Lab (CCL) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Fundación Cordillera Tropical (FCT) seek to build the capacity of park officials, community-based parabiologists, and landowners for conservation of wildlife and habitats in southern Sangay National Park (SNP) by involving them in joint training and conservation planning to (a) use non-lethal methods to reduce conflicts with wildlife, and (b) monitor wildlife in and around titled lands in southern SNP. This training will take place in the context of a larger biodiversity monitoring project that will help verify landholder compliance with a national payment for the protection of environmental services (PPES) initiative. With modest funding, CCL has greatly contributed toward understanding wildlife use of private lands in the region using state-of-the-art monitoring over the past two years. The culmination is the successful completion of two Masters theses and several scientific reports or peer-reviewed articles on human-carnivore conflicts in the Ecuadorian Andes.1 This research complements FCT´s prior work on cattle/bear conflicts in the Colepato community which identified and evaluated the ubiquitous problem2. At the same time, FCT has leveraged local support to hire ten community park guards to patrol and protect southern SNP. In late 2009, with greatly increased support from the United States Fish and Wildlife Service International Programs (USFWS), the Don Oso Program has been able to expand its staff and greatly increase the project´s area of influence. With this new capacity, FCT and CCL have been able to focus intensively on training landowners, park guards, and FCT staff to respond nimbly to human/wildlife conflicts and to undertake state-of-the-art wildlife monitoring. The key elements of these changes include: 1. The hiring of a full-time field biologist, Lucas Achig, M.Sc., in March 2010 to co- design and implement a wildlife-monitoring program in southern SNP. Lucas brings four years of environmental education experience and two years of research experience on the Andean bear to this position. Dr. Adrian Treves of CCL trained Mr. Achig based on his experience with carnivore recovery in agro-ecosystem mosaics of private and public lands and research on wildlife threats to humans around park edges in six countries. These global insights on solutions applied elsewhere and knowledge of systematic methods for measuring the impact of our joint interventions provide pivotal baseline information to guide subsequent interventions in southern SNP. Combining the depth of CCL’s international experience and FCT’s local expertise, the resulting project staff brings a mix of local insights and global perspectives to the conservation challenges in southern SNP. 1 See references cited at end of document for a list of published articles. 2 This project was funded by a USFWS grant # 98210-7-G309 for the project ¨Don Oso Project: Andean Bear Research, Awareness, Protection, and Compensation Plan¨ granted jointly to Round River Conservation Studies and Fundación Cordillera Tropical in 2007. CCL and FCT Midterm Report to USFWS – August 2010 3 2. An expansion of our outreach and influence area from the original 1800 ha project area to the neighboring communities in the Dudas and Llavircay watersheds, a potential project area covering approximately 10,000 ha. 3. The development of farm-level pilot projects which apply CCL expertise in mitigation techniques – barriers, increased patrol, noise deterrents – to deter wildlife attacks on domestic animals within individual farms in southern SNP. 4. Training by CCL and subsequent close mentoring of FCT staff and park guards in the application of motion activated cameras to monitor wildlife in the forests of southern SNP. Monitoring conservation outcomes in the context of an inchoate payment for the protection of environmental services program FCT’s habitat conservation efforts aimed at páramo and montane forests have focused equally on (i) improving control of public park lands via increased patrol and (ii) using economic incentives to ensure conservation on private lands. Like many protected areas in the tropics, the majority of SNP´s ostensibly public lands are also the property of farmers and indigenous communities with rights predating the park´s establishment. This intersection of private and public lands and interests provides the ideal laboratory for a payment for the protection of environmental services (PPES) program. FCT has worked toward the establishment of a local PPES initiative that would link downstream water users to upstream providers since late 2006. By August 2009, a newly-formed government PPES initiative, Socio Bosque, approached FCT with a proposal to work together. Joining a national conservation initiative conferred both benefits and losses. While FCT has lost the ability to develop an initiative that responds explicitly to local needs, at the same time it has achieved a long-term stability with the Ecuadorian Ministry of Environment providing funding for the duration of 20-year conservation contracts. Since September 2009, FCT has pre-enrolled 5260 ha of páramo and cloud forest in the Socio Bosque3 program representing 168 beneficiaries on 50 parcels of privately titled land. The ultimate goal is to enroll 80% of privately-owned native páramo grasslands and cloud forest with its attendant wildlife, especially endangered species such as the Andean or spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus). As of May 2010 (the end of the most recent enrollment period), Socio Bosque has accepted just four area landowners to participate in the conservation incentive program. Large-scale participation in the Socio Bosque conservation program has been inhibited by a myriad of unmet on-the-ground necessities. For example, initially Socio Bosque focused solely on forest conservation, excluding other ecosystems. However, the Ministry of Environment quickly expanded the program to include páramos in June 2009 3 For more information about Socio Bosque, visit their website at www.ambiente.gob.ec/paginas_espanol/sitio/sociobosque_es.html CCL and FCT Midterm Report to USFWS – August 2010 4 and landowners within protected areas in March 2010. Nevertheless, the outstanding challenge will be for Socio Bosque to resolve the incompatibility between regional and national land titling agencies. Program designers have yet to accept the majority of landowners in the SNP region
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