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Sauropareion Anoplus, with a Discussion of Possible Life History
The postcranial skeleton of the Early Triassic parareptile Sauropareion anoplus, with a discussion of possible life history MARK J. MACDOUGALL, SEAN P. MODESTO, and JENNIFER BOTHA−BRINK MacDougall, M.J., Modesto, S.P., and Botha−Brink, J. 2013. The postcranial skeleton of the Early Triassic parareptile Sauropareion anoplus, with a discussion of possible life history. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 58 (4): 737–749. The skeletal anatomy of the Early Triassic (Induan) procolophonid reptile Sauropareion anoplus is described on the basis of three partial skeletons from Vangfontein, Middelburg District, South Africa. Together these three specimens preserve the large majority of the pectoral and pelvic girdles, articulated forelimbs and hindlimbs, and all but the caudal portion of the vertebral column, elements hitherto undescribed. Our phylogenetic analysis of the Procolophonoidea is consonant with previous work, positing S. anoplus as the sister taxon to a clade composed of all other procolophonids exclusive of Coletta seca. Previous studies have suggested that procolophonids were burrowers, and this seems to have been the case for S. anoplus, based on comparisons with characteristic skeletal anatomy of living digging animals, such as the presence of a spade−shaped skull, robust phalanges, and large unguals. Key words: Parareptilia, Procolophonidae, phylogenetic analysis, burrowing, Induan, Triassic, South Africa. Mark J. MacDougall [[email protected]], Department of Biology, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada and Department of Biology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Ontario, L5L 1C6, Canada; Sean P. Modesto [[email protected]], Department of Biology, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada; Jennifer Botha−Brink [[email protected]], Karoo Palaeontology, National Museum, P.O. -
Analysis of Millerettid Parareptile Relationships in the Light of New Material of BROOMIA PERPLEXA Watson, 1914, from the Permian of South Africa
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 6 (4): 453–462 Issued 24 November 2008 doi:10.1017/S147720190800254X Printed in the United Kingdom C The Natural History Museum ! Analysis of millerettid parareptile relationships in the light of new material of BROOMIA PERPLEXA Watson, 1914, from the Permian of South Africa Juan Carlos Cisneros Departamento de Paleontologia† e Estratigrafia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, CP 15001, 91501-970, Brazil; and Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa Bruce S. Rubidge Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa Richard Mason Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa Charlton Dube Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa SYNOPSIS A second specimen of the poorly known millerettid Broomia perplexa is reported. It consists of a cranium and partially articulated postcranium. As indicated by its small size (ca.35% shorter skull than the holotype) and unfused pelvis and limbs, the new specimen is a sub-adult indi- vidual. Comparison with the holotype reveals only minor differences that are ascribed to ontogenetic or individual variation. Accordingly we consider the new specimen to represent the second record of Broomia,discovered90yearsafterthedescriptionoftheholotype.Apreliminaryphylogenetic analysis of millerettid inter-relationships identifies Broomia as a millerettid related to the genus Millerosaurus.TheenigmaticparareptileEunotosaurus africanus is nested within Millerettidae as the sister taxon of Milleretta rubidgei.WhereasmillerettidsarewellknownfromthelatestPermian Dicynodon Assemblage Zone of the Beaufort Group of South Africa, Broomia and Eunotosaurus are found in the Middle Permian Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone. -
Reptile Family Tree
Reptile Family Tree - Peters 2015 Distribution of Scales, Scutes, Hair and Feathers Fish scales 100 Ichthyostega Eldeceeon 1990.7.1 Pederpes 91 Eldeceeon holotype Gephyrostegus watsoni Eryops 67 Solenodonsaurus 87 Proterogyrinus 85 100 Chroniosaurus Eoherpeton 94 72 Chroniosaurus PIN3585/124 98 Seymouria Chroniosuchus Kotlassia 58 94 Westlothiana Casineria Utegenia 84 Brouffia 95 78 Amphibamus 71 93 77 Coelostegus Cacops Paleothyris Adelospondylus 91 78 82 99 Hylonomus 100 Brachydectes Protorothyris MCZ1532 Eocaecilia 95 91 Protorothyris CM 8617 77 95 Doleserpeton 98 Gerobatrachus Protorothyris MCZ 2149 Rana 86 52 Microbrachis 92 Elliotsmithia Pantylus 93 Apsisaurus 83 92 Anthracodromeus 84 85 Aerosaurus 95 85 Utaherpeton 82 Varanodon 95 Tuditanus 91 98 61 90 Eoserpeton Varanops Diplocaulus Varanosaurus FMNH PR 1760 88 100 Sauropleura Varanosaurus BSPHM 1901 XV20 78 Ptyonius 98 89 Archaeothyris Scincosaurus 77 84 Ophiacodon 95 Micraroter 79 98 Batropetes Rhynchonkos Cutleria 59 Nikkasaurus 95 54 Biarmosuchus Silvanerpeton 72 Titanophoneus Gephyrostegeus bohemicus 96 Procynosuchus 68 100 Megazostrodon Mammal 88 Homo sapiens 100 66 Stenocybus hair 91 94 IVPP V18117 69 Galechirus 69 97 62 Suminia Niaftasuchus 65 Microurania 98 Urumqia 91 Bruktererpeton 65 IVPP V 18120 85 Venjukovia 98 100 Thuringothyris MNG 7729 Thuringothyris MNG 10183 100 Eodicynodon Dicynodon 91 Cephalerpeton 54 Reiszorhinus Haptodus 62 Concordia KUVP 8702a 95 59 Ianthasaurus 87 87 Concordia KUVP 96/95 85 Edaphosaurus Romeria primus 87 Glaucosaurus Romeria texana Secodontosaurus -
Permitid: 2796
Export parareptile skulls for synchrotron scanning at ESRF Our Ref: 12890 Enquiries: Ragna Redelstorff Date: Thursday September 20, 2018 Tel: +27 (0)21 202 8651 Page No: 1 Email: [email protected] CaseID: 12890 PermitID: 2796 PERMIT: Export (Temporary) In terms of Section 32(19) of the National Heritage Resources Act (Act 25 of 1999) Permit Holder: Dr Jonah Nathaniel Choiniere Evolutionary Studies Institute University of the Witwatersrand Private Bag 3, WITS 2050 Object: AM 3585, BP/1/5128, BP/1/4195, BP/1/5398, BP/1/3822, BP/1/3819, BP/1/70, BP/1/2871, BP/1/720, BP/1/5927a, BP/1/5927c, BP/1/3318, BP/1/4504a, BP/1/5880, BP/1/1396 The permit is issued to Dr. Jonah N. Choiniere (ESI Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand), in collaboration with Dr. Vincent Fernandez (ESRF European Synchrotron Radiation facility, Grenoble, France) to temporarily export 15 fossil skulls of parareptilians Paliguana whitei (AM 3585), Prolacerta (BP/1/5128, BP/1/4504a, BP/1/5880), Owenetta (BP/1/4195, BP/1/5398, BP/1/3819), Milleretta (BP/1/3822, BP/1/720, BP/1/3318, BP/1/1396), Youngina (BP/1/70, BP/1/2871) and Procolophon (BP/1/5927 2 specimens) for synchrotron scanning at the ESRF, Grenoble, France. The material is currently housed at the Albany Museum, Grahamstown (AM 3585) and Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand. Conditions: 1. Only the selected representatives of the material stored in the collection may be exported. 2. The material must be carefully packed and all packaging must be clearly marked with the name of the site (if known), and the name and address of the permit holder or the Albany Museum and ESI. -
Optimal Swimming Speed Estimates in the Early Permian Mesosaurid
This article was downloaded by: [Joaquín Villamil] On: 24 August 2015, At: 10:09 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ghbi20 Optimal swimming speed estimates in the Early Permian mesosaurid Mesosaurus tenuidens (Gervais 1865) from Uruguay Joaquín Villamilab, Pablo Núñez Demarcoc, Melitta Meneghela, R. Ernesto Blancobd, Washington Jonesbe, Andrés Rinderknechtbe, Michel Laurinf & Graciela Piñeirog a Laboratorio de Sistemática e Historia Natural de Vertebrados, IECA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay b Núcleo de Biomecánica, Espacio Interdisciplinario, Montevideo, Uruguay c Click for updates Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Geología, Montevideo, Uruguay d Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Física, Montevideo, Uruguay e Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo, Uruguay f CR2P, Sorbonne Universités, CNRS/MNHN/UPMC, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France g Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Evolución de Cuencas, Montevideo, Uruguay Published online: 14 Aug 2015. To cite this article: Joaquín Villamil, Pablo Núñez Demarco, Melitta Meneghel, R. Ernesto Blanco, Washington Jones, Andrés Rinderknecht, Michel Laurin & Graciela Piñeiro (2015): Optimal swimming speed estimates in the Early Permian mesosaurid Mesosaurus tenuidens (Gervais 1865) from Uruguay, Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology, DOI: 10.1080/08912963.2015.1075018 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2015.1075018 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. -
Alpha Taxonomy of the Russian Permian Procolophonoid Reptiles
Alpha taxonomy of the Russian Permian procolophonoid reptiles LAURA K. SÄILÄ Säilä, L.K. 2009. Alpha taxonomy of the Russian Permian procolophonoid reptiles. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 54 (4): 599–608. doi:10.4202/app.2009.0017 European Russia has been the source of many procolophonoid taxa from both the Permian and Triassic, and a Permian or− igin for the procolophonoid family Procolophonidae has been based on the Russian taxon Microphon exiguus. Recently, this taxon was reclassified as a seymouriamorph and, in its place, the taxa Nyctiphruretus, Suchonosaurus, and Kinelia from the Middle and Upper Permian of Russia were suggested as “procolophons”, using evolutionary−systematic classifi− cation methods. In recent phylogenies, however, Nyctiphruretus has been recovered as a non–procolophonoid para− reptile, whereas Kinelia and Suchonosaurus have never been included in a phylogenetic study. Re−examination indicates that Suchonosaurus is a member of the procolophonoid subfamily Procolophonidae based on the shape of the maxillary bone and the external naris, the laterally visible maxillary depression, and the number and type of maxillary teeth. Kinelia, on the other hand, is excluded from the Procolophonoidea because of its subpleurodont dental attachment and lack of any procolophonoid features. Thus, Suchonosaurus is the only confirmed Permian procolophonid from the Permian of Rus− sia. Additionally, re−examination of the holotype of Microphon exiguus confirms that it is identical to the seymouria− morph specimens recently included in the genus Microphon and that it lacks procolophonoid features. The earliest un− equivocal record of the subfamily Procolophonidae is confirmed from the Late Permian of Russia, making Russia the only region where, with certainty, both Permian and Triassic procolophonids have been discovered. -
Cisneros2008.Pdf
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 6 (3): 345–366 Issued 22 August 2008 doi:10.1017/S1477201907002350 Printed in the United Kingdom C The Natural History Museum ! Phylogenetic relationships of procolophonid parareptiles with remarks on their geological record Juan Carlos Cisneros∗ Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Research, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa SYNOPSIS The phylogenetic intrarelationships of procolophonid parareptiles are determined via a comprehensive cladistic analysis using a data matrix of 21 taxa and 58 characters. Most taxa are in- cluded for the first time in a phylogenetic analysis and 27 characters are novel. The relationships within the group are more firmly resolved than in previous analyses. Procolophoninae and Leptopleuron- inae, two of the three traditional subdivisions of the Procolophonidae, are valid monophyletic groups, but Spondylolestinae is polyphyletic. The Chinese genera Pentaedrusaurus and Neoprocolophon are the most primitive members of the Leptopleuroninae. A new group, Theledectinae, is erected. The latter clade consists of small procolophonids with a reduced marginal dentition and wide bulbous monocuspid teeth. Eumetabolodon from China and the former genus ‘Thelegnathus’ from South Africa are shown to be polyphyletic. The successful radiation of the Procolophonidae during the Triassic is likely to be related to the development of feeding adaptations that allowed exploration of various ecological niches, particularly the exploitation of high-fibre herbivory. The scarcity of Permian records of procolophonids is examined and the genus Spondylolestes from the Upper Permian of South Africa is considered to be a valid taxon with procolophonid affinities. Finally, a review of the records from the Middle and Upper Triassic reveals a procolophonid global hiatus of more than 15 Ma in Ladinian–Lower Carnian rocks. -
Phylogenetic Relationships Among Extinct and Extant Turtles: the Position of Pleurodira and the Effects of the Fossils on Rooting Crown-Group Turtles
Contributions to Zoology, 79 (3) 93-106 (2010) Phylogenetic relationships among extinct and extant turtles: the position of Pleurodira and the effects of the fossils on rooting crown-group turtles Juliana Sterli1, 2 1 CONICET - Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Av. Fontana 140, 9100 Trelew, Chubut, Argentina 2 E-mail: [email protected] Key words: molecules, morphology, phylogeny, Testudinata, Testudines Abstract Taxonomic nomenclature ........................................................ 94 Taxonomic sampling ................................................................ 94 The origin and evolution of the crown-group of turtles (Crypto- Character sampling ................................................................. 95 dira + Pleurodira) is one of the most interesting topics in turtle Phylogenetic analyses ............................................................. 95 evolution, second perhaps only to the phylogenetic position of Results ............................................................................................... 97 turtles among amniotes. The present contribution focuses on Morphological analysis with extinct taxa .......................... 97 the former problem, exploring the phylogenetic relationships Molecular analyses .................................................................. 97 of extant and extinct turtles based on the most comprehensive Morphological and molecular analysis excluding phylogenetic dataset of morphological and molecular data ana- extinct taxa ................................................................................ -
A New Bolosaurid Parareptile, Belebey Chengi Sp. Nov., from the Middle Permian of China and Its Paleogeographic Significance
Naturwissenschaften (2008) 95:1169–1174 DOI 10.1007/s00114-008-0438-0 SHORT COMMUNICATION A new bolosaurid parareptile, Belebey chengi sp. nov., from the Middle Permian of China and its paleogeographic significance Johannes Müller & Jin-Ling Li & Robert R. Reisz Received: 3 July 2008 /Revised: 19 July 2008 /Accepted: 31 July 2008 / Published online: 23 August 2008 # Springer-Verlag 2008 Abstract A new bolosaurid parareptile, Belebey chengi sp. suggesting that this may be the general trend in early nov., is described from Dashankou, Gansu Province, China, amniote evolution. a Middle Permian locality which is known mostly for its therapsid fauna. The material consists of well-preserved Keywords Parareptilia . Bolosauridae . Middle Permian . mandibular and anterior skull remains and currently China represents the largest and latest surviving member of Bolosauridae. Phylogenetic analysis of bolosaurid interre- lationships, the first analysis of any clade of Early Permian Introduction parareptiles, indicates that the new taxon groups consis- tently with the other (Russian) members of the genus Permian bolosaurids, until recently a highly enigmatic Belebey, and forms the sister clade to the genus Bolosaurus group, are now generally considered to be part of Para- from North America. The Early Permian Eudibamus reptilia, one of the three major clades of basal Amniota cursoris from Germany falls into the basal most position (Berman et al. 2000; Reisz et al. 2007; Müller and Tsuji within Bolosauridae. Our analysis also shows that the split 2007). Three genera and five species are currently between the main bolosaurid lineages must have occurred recognized, Bolosaurus grandis and B. striatus from the near or before the Permo-Carboniferous boundary and that Lower Permian of Texas and Oklahoma (Watson 1954; the paleo-equatorial region of Laurasia probably served as Reisz et al. -
A Reassessment of the Taxonomic Position of Mesosaurs, and a Surprising Phylogeny of Early Amniotes
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 02 November 2017 doi: 10.3389/feart.2017.00088 A Reassessment of the Taxonomic Position of Mesosaurs, and a Surprising Phylogeny of Early Amniotes Michel Laurin 1* and Graciela H. Piñeiro 2 1 CR2P (UMR 7207) Centre de Recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/MNHN/UPMC, Sorbonne Universités), Paris, France, 2 Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay We reassess the phylogenetic position of mesosaurs by using a data matrix that is updated and slightly expanded from a matrix that the first author published in 1995 with his former thesis advisor. The revised matrix, which incorporates anatomical information published in the last 20 years and observations on several mesosaur specimens (mostly from Uruguay) includes 17 terminal taxa and 129 characters (four more taxa and five more characters than the original matrix from 1995). The new matrix also differs by incorporating more ordered characters (all morphoclines were ordered). Parsimony Edited by: analyses in PAUP 4 using the branch and bound algorithm show that the new matrix Holly Woodward, Oklahoma State University, supports a position of mesosaurs at the very base of Sauropsida, as suggested by the United States first author in 1995. The exclusion of mesosaurs from a less inclusive clade of sauropsids Reviewed by: is supported by a Bremer (Decay) index of 4 and a bootstrap frequency of 66%, both of Michael S. Lee, which suggest that this result is moderately robust. The most parsimonious trees include South Australian Museum, Australia Juliana Sterli, some unexpected results, such as placing the anapsid reptile Paleothyris near the base of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones diapsids, and all of parareptiles as the sister-group of younginiforms (the most crownward Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina diapsids included in the analyses). -
GEOLOGY of URUGUAY: a REVIEW. Gómez Rifas,C.G
v 1 GEOLOGY OF URUGUAY: A REVIEW. Gómez Rifas,C.G. Montevideo,Uruguay. 1.Introduction. Uruguay has been a country devoted to breeding cattle and agriculture.Mining has no tradition.The evolution of geological knowledge begun with Dr. Karl Walther who published 53 papers between 1909 and 1948. 2.Preclevonian in Uruguay. 2.1.The Río de la Plata Craton. This unít refers to rocks dated between 1700 to 2300 MY in southern UruguaY,situated on the western side of the Sarandí del Yí-Las Ánimas Suture Zone.This is a my10nitic belt 13000 meters wide. 2.1.1.The Base Complexo 1t i8 integrated by gneiss and migmatites of varied textures,as we11 as deformed granites. Some typical outcrops are:Piedra A1ta,F1orida Department,and near the 1itt1e dam in Costa Azu1,Canelones Department. 2.1.2.Montevideo Formation. ,/~ 2 It is formed by oligoclase gneiss, amp11.ibolites, mieaschist and micaceous quartzites.T11.e gneiss can be visited in Pajas Blancas,Parque Rod6,Carrasco beaches and so on.They are rocks of medium grain size and poor defined sc11.istosity,made by quartz,oligoclase,biotite and muscovite and zoisite as accesory mineraIs. T11.e amphibolites has been classified as ortho and para-amphibolites according to their genesis.The ort11.o- amphibolites have cristalized andesine.The para-amphibolites are generally foliated with medium grain size,integrated by hornblende and andesine with an evident nematoblastic texture.The main accesory mineral is sphene. 2.1.3.San José Formation. lt outcrops at north of San José de Mayo and it is the field rock of Compañia San José Gold Mine,s?uth of Mahoma Granite. -
A New Reptile from the Lower Permian of Brazil (Karutia Fortunata Gen
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tjsp20 A new reptile from the lower Permian of Brazil (Karutia fortunata gen. et sp. nov.) and the interrelationships of Parareptilia Juan Carlos Cisneros , Christian F. Kammerer , Kenneth D. Angielczyk , Jörg Fröbisch , Claudia Marsicano , Roger M. H. Smith & Martha Richter To cite this article: Juan Carlos Cisneros , Christian F. Kammerer , Kenneth D. Angielczyk , Jörg Fröbisch , Claudia Marsicano , Roger M. H. Smith & Martha Richter (2021): A new reptile from the lower Permian of Brazil (Karutiafortunata gen. et sp. nov.) and the interrelationships of Parareptilia, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2020.1863487 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2020.1863487 View supplementary material Published online: 12 Jan 2021. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 107 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tjsp20 Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2020.1863487 A new reptile from the lower Permian of Brazil (Karutia fortunata gen. et sp. nov.) and the interrelationships of Parareptilia aà b c b,d Juan Carlos Cisneros , Christian F. Kammerer , Kenneth D. Angielczyk ,Jorg€ Frobisch€ , Claudia Marsicanoe,f , Roger M. H. Smithg,h and Martha Richteri aMuseu de Arqueologia e Paleontologia, Universidade Federal do Piauı, 64049-550 Teresina, Brazil; bPaleontology Unit, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27601, USA; cNegaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA; dInstitut fur€ Biologie, Humboldt-Universitat€ zu Berlin, Invalidenstr.