The New Challenges for PIONIER Infrastructure 10th CEF Networks Workshop 2019

Artur Binczewski Network Technology Division Director EU Policies for e-Infrastructures for research in IT area

STRESSES the importance of PRACE, a world-class European High Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructure for research that provides access to computing resources and services for large-scale scientific and engineering applications; ACKNOWLEDGES the need to develop the new generation of HPC technologies and CALLS for the reinforcement of the interconnected network of data processing facilities GEANT. In this respect, INVITES ESFRI to explore mechanisms for better coordination of Member States’ investment strategies in e-infrastructures, covering also HPC, distributed computing, scientific data and networks;

http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-9360-2015-INIT/en/pdf The European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures – Report 2018

http://roadmap2018.esfri.eu/media/1066/esfri-roadmap-2018.pdf Future visions: HPC Europe & EOSC but it is subject for another presentation

Source: https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=60156 https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/78ae5276-ae8e-11e9-9d01-01aa75ed71a1/language-en Direction: national strategies and e-infrastructure initiatives: Polish Roadmap of Research Infrastructure (PRRI)

• Launched in 2009 • Updated in 2013 • The current PRRI contains 53 project proposals in many broadly understood fields of science: • physical and mathematical sciences - 14, • technical sciences – 14 (4 proposals in IT area), • earth sciences and biological sciences - 11, • interdisciplinary issues - 6, • medical and agricultural sciences - 6, • social sciences and humanities - 2 • 30 of them are national initiatives, while 23 are international.

https://www.archiwum.nauka.gov.pl/dokumenty-strategiczne/polska-mapa-drogowa-infrastruktury-badawczej.html Polish Roadmap for Research Infrastructure

Research use only Promote commercial use

PRACE-LAB LOFAR PIONIER-LAB NLPQT ??? 33 projects on PRRI 53 projects on PRRI

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

1 call to PRRI 2 call to update PRRI 3 call to update PRRI 1 call to fund PRRI 2 call to fund PRRI 3 call to fund PRRI LOFAR infrastructure (Low-Frequency Array for radio astronomy) 4 project partners (POLFARO consortium) • University of Warmia and Mazury in • Jagiellonian University in Kraków • Space Research Centre • Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center

• Real time radio interferometric array of of many low-cost antennas: – Low Band Antenna (LBA) operates between 10 and 90 MHz – High Band Antenna (HBA) operates between 110 and 250 MHz • Precursor of next generation telescope – Square Kilometer Array PIONIER services for LOFAR/POLFAO

λ 10 Gb/s POLFAR 10 GE BAŁDY 10 Gb/s PIONIER & POZMAN Surfnet & POZNAŃ PIONIER & OLMAN LOFAR Olsztyn ASTRON POLFAR Groningen 10GE NL SWITCH

PIONIER LTA PIONIER & CYFRONET 2 PB data LTA for community located in PSNC KRAKÓW

POLFAR POLFAR BORÓWIEC ŁAZY Preparation for LOFAR 2.0

Main assumptions: 1. Each station will be generate 30 Gbit/s traffic (currently it is 3 Gbit/s) – easy covered by PIONIER (migration to 100G link to each station and to Amsterdam) 1. Storage: simple calculation - 10 x more than currently: 20 Pbytes/annualy – expensive part of project 2. Computing ??? – hard to predict Polish Roadmap for Research Infrastructure (PRRI)

Research use only Promote commercial use

PRACE-LAB LOFAR PIONIER-LAB NLPQT ??? 33 projects on PRRI 53 projects on PRRI

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

1 call to PRRI 2 call to update PRRI 3 call to update PRRI 1 call to fund PRRI 2 call to fund PRRI 3 call to fund PRRI Financial structure of the current PRRI projects (announced in 2015)

100% of project value (net)

Min. 40% project value – Max. 60% of project value – non-economic part economic part

20% of economic part contributed by research 20% of economic part funded by EU and academia institutions and commercial partners

Min. 5% of project value contributed by Min. 10% of project value contributed by research and academia institutions (RAI) commercial partners (CP) 1. Cash cannot come from government half of it (2,5%) in cash subsidies or other public funds (they must come from commercial activities) !!! Assumption made: Assumption made: - RAI contribution will follow the minimum - CP contribution up to 15% of project value required 5% of project value, half of it in minimal option (2,5%) will be contributed in cash PIONIER-LAB infrastructure: Innovative Laboratories (2016-2023)

Innovating Networking Technologies Laboratory

Distributed Time and Frequency Laboratory

Smart Campus as a Smart City Laboratory

Regional "Live" Laboratories of Innovation inspired by ICT

Cloud Services Laboratory

Multiscale Simulations Laboratory

Laboratory and services of e-training

Preincubation services

PIONIER-LAB Nodes PIONIER-LAB infrastrucutre: National-wide access to Laboratories

21 project partners

• Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center • AGH University of Science and Technology • Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation in Puławy • Research and Academic Computer Network • Białystok University of Technology • Częstochowa University of Technology • Gdańsk University of Technology • University of Technology • Łódź University of Technology • Rzeszów University of Technology • University of Technology Innovating Networking Technologies Laboratory • Wrocław University of Technology Distributed Time and Frequency Laboratory • University of Technology and Humanities • Smart Campus as a Smart City Laboratory Maria Curie Skłodowska University in • Nicolas Copernicus University in Toruń Regional "Live" Laboratories of Innovation inspired by ICT • University of Cloud Services Laboratory • UTP University of Science and Technology in • University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Multiscale Simulations Laboratory • University of Laboratory and services of e-training • University of Zielona Góra

Preincubation services • West Pomeranian University of Technology in Innovative Networking Technologies Laboratory – example #1 • Nationwide laboratory, based on own dedicated fiber routes • Providing experimental virtual network for industrial and scientific research, in particular roviding personalized resources and feature sets for network users and domain integration of research infrastructures • New technologies for IP, DWDM and Data Center • Terabit interfaces in core and 100 Gbit in access • Virtual network services available in – Optical domain – Packet network domain • Access to management the services and experiment management platform Source: http://imageworksllc.com/files/social%20net.jpg Distributed Time and Frequency Laboratory – example #2

• Experimental, nationwide, backbone dark fiber optical network for maintaining synchronization and operation of distribution of atomic clocks • Regional T&F repositories - level one, localized in Poznan, Warsaw, Gdańsk • Regional T&F repositories - level two localized in Koszalin, Olsztyn, Bydgoszcz, Białymstok, Łódź, Puławy, Kielce and Rzeszów • Regional T&F distribution systems (within the regional network)

The research focused on innovation: • Virtual atomic clock, • Ultra-precise legal time, • Time stamp, • Comparing time and frequency, Aktive hydrogen maser Pasive hydrogen maser • New protocols for time and frequency synchronization (PTP). Existing network Planned T&F network PIONIER-LAB: EU notification process

1. 03M2016 – procedure started because we have exceeded 50 Meuro treshold • Hire specialized companies for state aid and financial/economic analysis preparation • Negotiation with EU: DG COMP and DG REGIO • JASPERS as evaluator of our applications • DoW calculated in kilograms, rewritten 3 times 2. 09M2019 – documentation is still being prepared to EC … PRACE-LAB infrastrucutre (2018 - 2023) 8 project partners • Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center • AGH University of Science and Technology • Białystok University of Technology • Częstochowa University of Technology • Gdańsk University of Technology • Łódź University of Technology • Wrocław University of Technology • Kielce University of Technology

• National and international e-Infrastructure (part of PRACE) 20+ Pflops (in 4 locations) 100+ PB (in 8 locations) • HPC for R&D • Industry + SME access Private and public cloud Edge computing HPC infrastructure • First step towards pre-exascale computing Data infrastructure Photonics and Quantum Technologies – a wider perspective

• Photonics - one of the key technologies (KETs) for the future Horizon Europe programme • The European Commission is investing more than €1 bn in quantum technologies. • The U.S. Congress Initiative investing 1.2 bn USD • China allocated 10 bn USD for new National Center of Quantum Technologies • is the coordinator of the QuantERA programme. Field Test of Quantum - 100G Optical Communication over NRENs and GÉANT Network High-level Optical Link Setup during TNC2018 conference (~2800 km)

Poznan Hamburg Oslo Trondheim

Inband PQ key exchange QKD over fiber

100G end-to-end AES256 encryption 2800 km distance Field Test of Quantum - 100G Optical Communication over NRENs and GÉANT Network NLPQT infrastructure: National Laboratory for Photonics and Quantum Technologies (2018-2023)

Main goals: • Development of modern research infrastructures in the field of photonics and quantum optical technologies - for the purposes of high technology industries.

• NLPQT laboratories - an offer of the Polish scientific community for the economy - integration of science and business in order to increase the role of research and innovation in the Polish economy

• The base of the Polish scientific community for active participation in national and European research programmes NLPQT: National Laboratory for Photonics and Quantum Technologies

Distributed structure, 3 Laboratories

National system of generation and distribution of reference optical carrier

Photonic technologies laboratory

Quantum technologies laboratory NLPQT: National Laboratory for Photonics and Quantum Technologies

Laboratories - localization National system of generation and distribution of reference optical carrier • University of Warsaw • Wrocław University of Technology • Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center • Nicolas Copernicus University in Toruń Photonic technologies laboratory • University of Warsaw • Institute of Physical Chemistry PAS • Silesian University of Technology • Wrocław University of Technology • Maria Curie Skłodowska University in Lublin • Nicolas Copernicus University in Toruń Quantum technologies laboratory • University of Warsaw • Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center • Nicolas Copernicus University in Toruń NLPQT: National Laboratory for Photonics and Quantum Technologies

National system of generation and distribution of reference optical carrier

• PIONIER network + Polish Optical Atomic Clock • Enables the generation of reference signals in the RF-THz-IR-VIS area • Access points (users) use optical frequency combs to generate reference signals. • The consortium will develop and implement technical solutions for the transmission of optical carrier signals (amplifiers, Distribution and Access points). NLPQT: National Laboratory for Photonics and Quantum Technologies

National system of generation and distribution of reference optical carrier

fundamental research: • physical constants volatility, • development of frequency comb optical • searching for dark matter technologies • seeking exotic impacts beyond the • terrestrial time distribution systems standard model

• time and frequency metrology • next generations of satellite navigation • spatial and temporal-frequency metrology systems • Ultra precise spectroscopy, • relative geodesy; 10-18 ⟺ 1 cm NLPQT: National Laboratory for Photonics and Quantum Technologies

Photonic technologies laboratory:

• Infrastructure capable of designing, manufacturing, characterising and integrating fibre optics (e.g. photonic); • Laser and lithographic production and characterisation of nano- and microstructures (plasma, metamaterials, biomedicine); • Precision spectrometer systems for the near infrared to THz spectral range; • Advanced optical diagnostics and imaging systems for medical and biological applications. NLPQT: National Laboratory for Photonics and Quantum Technologies

Photonic technologies laboratory

Fundamental research: • Wideband light sources, • searching for new physics going • Diagnostic systems for medicine, beyond the standard model, • Environmental monitoring, • development of new techniques for • Security systems, laser spectroscopy, diagnostics and • Ultra precise machining and modification of optical imaging, materials, • Non-linear conversion of light into • Optical sensors, difficult-to-reach spectral ranges, • Photonic structures for optoelectronics, • studies of the effects of ultra-short • A new generation of fiber optic communication, light pulses on the matter, • Document Security Technologies. • implementation of integrated photonic and hybrid systems, • Light control using nanostructures. NLPQT: National Laboratory for Photonics and Quantum Technologies

Quantum technologies laboratory

Infrastructure in Poznań, Toruń and Warsaw, and QKD link (quantum cryptographic key distribution on route Poznań - Warsaw) Quantum cryptography Metropolitan QKD links long-distance QKD links test workstation Quantum interfaces Quantum imaging Confocal cryogenic test workstation workstation microscopy workstation

Mobile station for the production Stations of production and characterisation of of ultrasonic caesium atoms quantum objects in the condensed phase NLPQT: National Laboratory for Photonics and Quantum Technologies

Quantum technologies laboratory

Fundamental research: • Quantum-protected communication services on • Large scale quantum entanglement a scale • Light exposure with isolated single quantum • urban systems • interurban • Physics of cold atoms and molecules • Test platform for quantum networks

• Development of quantum cryptography protocols • Microgravity measurements (more, further) • Cold Atoms Technology • Development of the 'quantum ' • Manufacture and characterisation of insulated components quantum systems • Quantum imaging • Quantum sampling in imaging, spectroscopy. Project OpenQKD - Open European Quantum Key Distribution Test-Bed

• Coordinator: Austrian Institute of Technology • 3 years project (started 02/09/2019) • EU funded with budget: 15 mln EUR. • PSNC has one of project testbeds - Scope: - Establishment of QKD-based secure communication, - Access to robust and reliable crypto technology, as an instrument for securing traditional industries and vertical application sectors, - Preparation of the future pan-European QKD infrastructure Project OpenQKD – Consortium of 38 partners Regional infrastructure – recent investment in testing airport facility (2018-)

• Co-investment PSNC, Poznan Aeroclub and Poznan University of Technology • Fiber infrastructure constructed and connected to PIONIER • Main scope: - Collaboration with Polish Air Navigation Services Agency for Avation4.0 - New technologies and applicacation for airports management - New ICT and drones technologies - GNSS protection and hacking applications SPIRENT GSS9000 GNSS Constellation Simulator

• The Spirent GSS9000 Multi-Frequency, Multi-GNSS RF is GNSS RF Simulation for R&D and performance test • The GSS9000 produces a range of emulated multi-GNSS, multi- frequency RF signals with class-leading flexibility, coherence, fidelity, performance, accuracy and reliability • The GSS9000 provides simulation and full control of all aspects of the GNSS operating environment, inherent repeatability and the ability to apply systematic errors and incidents that are impossible to realise using actual satellite signals Riverbed simulation environment

• Simulation environment for wired and wireless networks

• Riverbed Modeler, SteelCentral NetPlanner and NetCollector (aka OPNET)

• A virtual environment that allows modeling and simulation of almost any network infrastructure as a whole, including technologies, protocols, specific devices, along with applications used by end users

• With regard to wireless networks, the package enables the simulation of technologies such as WIFI, UMTS, 802.16, LTE and satellite.

• The package enables modeling of wireless networks in the field and urban environments based on a selected propagation model Riverbed simulation environment – satellites communication Summary

• PIONIER infrastructure is developing based on own strategy (PIONIER-LAB) and collaboration with other domain specific infrastructures (PRACE-LAB, LOFAR, NLPQT,…)

• Cooperation with many partners with various specializations

• Flexibility in adapting to the various requirements of competitions and operating models

• Commercialization of access to infrastructure is a key element in obtaining financial resources