Inventaris Van Het Archief Van J.C. Rullmann
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Calvinism in the Context of the Afrikaner Nationalist Ideology
ASIAN AND AFRICAN STUDIES, 78, 2009, 2, 305-323 CALVINISM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE AFRIKANER NATIONALIST IDEOLOGY Jela D o bo šo vá Institute of Oriental Studies, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, 813 64 Bratislava, Slovakia [email protected] Calvinism was a part of the mythic history of Afrikaners; however, it was only a specific interpretation of history that made it a part of the ideology of the Afrikaner nationalists. Calvinism came to South Africa with the first Dutch settlers. There is no historical evidence that indicates that the first settlers were deeply religious, but they were worshippers in the Nederlands Hervormde Kerk (Dutch Reformed Church), which was the only church permitted in the region until 1778. After almost 200 years, Afrikaner nationalism developed and connected itself with Calvinism. This happened due to the theoretical and ideological approach of S. J.du Toit and a man referred to as its ‘creator’, Paul Kruger. The ideology was highly influenced by historical developments in the Netherlands in the late 19th century and by the spread of neo-Calvinism and Christian nationalism there. It is no accident, then, that it was during the 19th century when the mythic history of South Africa itself developed and that Calvinism would play such a prominent role in it. It became the first religion of the Afrikaners, a distinguishing factor in the multicultural and multiethnic society that existed there at the time. It legitimised early thoughts of a segregationist policy and was misused for political intentions. Key words: Afrikaner, Afrikaner nationalism, Calvinism, neo-Calvinism, Christian nationalism, segregation, apartheid, South Africa, Great Trek, mythic history, Nazi regime, racial theories Calvinism came to South Africa in 1652, but there is no historical evidence that the settlers who came there at that time were Calvinists. -
(Legal Gazette A) Vol 668 No 44217
Government Gazette Staatskoerant REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA REPUBLIEK VAN SUID AFRIKA Regulation Gazette No. 10177 Regulasiekoerant February Vol. 668 12 2021 No. 44217 Februarie PART 1 OF 2 LEGAL NOTICES A WETLIKE KENNISGEWINGS ISSN 1682-5845 N.B. The Government Printing Works will 44217 not be held responsible for the quality of “Hard Copies” or “Electronic Files” submitted for publication purposes 9 771682 584003 AIDS HELPLINE: 0800-0123-22 Prevention is the cure 2 No. 44217 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 12 February 2021 IMPORTANT NOTICE: THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING WORKS WILL NOT BE HELD RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS THAT MIGHT OCCUR DUE TO THE SUBMISSION OF INCOMPLETE / INCORRECT / ILLEGIBLE COPY. NO FUTURE QUERIES WILL BE HANDLED IN CONNECTION WITH THE ABOVE. Table of Contents LEGAL NOTICES / WETLIKE KENNISGEWINGS BUSINESS NOTICES • BESIGHEIDSKENNISGEWINGS National / Nasionaal .................................................................................................................................. 14 COMPANY NOTICES • MAATSKAPPYKENNISGEWINGS National / Nasionaal .................................................................................................................................. 18 ORDERS OF THE COURT • BEVELE VAN DIE HOF National / Nasionaal .................................................................................................................................. 19 GENERAL • ALGEMEEN National / Nasionaal ................................................................................................................................. -
“Men of Influence”– the Ontology of Leadership in the 1914 Boer
Journal of Historical Sociology Vol. 17 No. 1 March 2004 ISSN 0952-1909 “Men of Influence” – The Ontology of Leadership in the 1914 Boer Rebellion SANDRA SWART Abstract This paper raises questions about the ontology of the Afrikaner leader- ship in the 1914 Boer Rebellion – and the tendency to portray the rebel leadership in terms of monolithic Republicans, followed by those who shared their dedication to returning the state to the old Boer republics. Discussions of the Rebellion have not focused on the interaction between leadership and rank and file, which in part has been obscured by Republican mythology based on the egalitarianism of the Boer commando. This paper attempts to establish the ambitions of the leaders for going into rebellion and the motivations of those who followed them. It traces the political and economic changes that came with union and industrialization, and asks why some influential men felt increasingly alienated from the new form of state structure while others adapted to it. To ascertain the nature of the support for the leaders, the discussion looks at Republican hierarchy and the ideology of patri- archy. The paper further discusses the circumscribed but significant role of women in the Rebellion. This article seeks to contribute to a wider understanding of the history of leadership in South Africa, entangled in the identity dynamics of mas- culinity, class and race interests. ***** Man, I can guess at nothing. Each man must think for himself. For myself, I will go where my General goes. Japie Krynauw (rebel).1 In 1914 there was a rebellion against the young South African state. -
Kuyper and Apartheid: a Revisiting
Kuyper and Apartheid: A revisiting Patrick Baskwell (Brandon, Florida, USA)1 Research Associate: Department of Dogmatics and Christian Ethics University of Pretoria Abstract Was Abraham Kuyper, scholar, statesman, and university founder, the ideological father of Apartheid in South Africa? Many belief so. But, there are others, amongst them George Harinck of the Free University in Amsterdam, who don’t think so. The article argues that there is an element of truth in both opinions. Kuyper did exhibit the casual racism so characteristic of the Victorian era, with its emphasis on empire building and all that it entailed. Kuyper was also directly responsible, ideologically, for the social structure in the Netherlands known as “verzuiling” or “pillarization” in terms of which members of the Catholic, Protestant, or Socialist segments of society had their own social institutions. This pillarizing, or segmenting, of society was, however, always voluntary. This is not true of the pillarizing or segmenting of South African society known as Apartheid. While there are similarities between Apartheid and “verzuiling”, especially in their vertical partitioning of the individual’s entire life, the South African historical context, the mediation of Kuyper’s ideas through South African scholars, the total government involvement, and therefore, the involuntary nature of Apartheid, point to their inherent dissimilarity. Apartheid was simply not pure Kuyper. Hence, while the effects of Kuyper’s ideas are clearly discernable in Apartheid policy, the article aims at arguing that Kuyper cannot be considered the father of Apartheid in any direct way. 1. INTRODUCTION In a recent article, George Harinck, director of the Historisch Documentatiecentrum voor het Nederlands Protestantisme (1800-current) at the Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, describes the beginnings of his research for a book on Abraham Kuyper. -
What Are Statues Good For? Winning the Battle Or Losing the Battleground?
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Koers (E-Journal) Page 1 of 10 Original Research WHAT ARE STATUES GOOD FOR? WINNING THE BATTLE OR LOSING THE BATTLEGROUND? Author: A. Goodrich1 In South Africa the practice of toppling statues is as old as the practice of erecting them. The most P. Bombardella1 recent episode in this history began in 2015 with the Rhodes Must Fall campaign at the University of Cape Town, from where it rapidly spread to sites throughout South Africa. Confronted with Affiliation: the fact that 97% of South Africa’s 3500 declared heritage sites related to white values and 1 School of Philosophy, North- experiences at the end of the apartheid era and that there has been little progress towards crafting West University, Potchefstroom Campus a more representative heritage landscape, one cannot dispute the Rhodes Must Fall assertion that South African statues anachronistically honour the leading figures of South Africa’s colonial and Correspondence to: apartheid past. Observing that public debate around the statues was rapidly polarised into two André Goodrich camps, those who would defend the statues and those who would destroy them, this paper argues that neither option sufficiently addresses the multiple meanings of statues. By examining the Postal Address: Faculty of Arts changing public-history discourses of the 20th century we propose a third approach grounded in Potchefstroom Campus, North- post humanist arguments about the limitation of critique and the promise of care as an ethical, West University affective and practical pursuit. We argue that this post humanist approach to the question of Potchefstroom 2531 what to do with statues in South Africa is capable of transforming them from fetishised objects Email: of offence or of heritage into points around which new publics can gather and through which the [email protected] historical ontology of contemporary power dynamics can be accessed, interrogated and acted upon in order to build new forms of citizenship. -
Black Consciousness and the Politics of Writing the Nation in South Africa
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Archive, E-theses Repository Black Consciousness and the Politics of Writing the Nation in South Africa by Thomas William Penfold A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of African Studies and Anthropology School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham May 2013 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract Since the transition from apartheid, there has been much discussion of the possibilities for the emergence of a truly ‘national’ literature in South Africa. This thesis joins the debate by arguing that Black Consciousness, a movement that began in the late 1960s, provided the intellectual framework both for understanding how a national culture would develop and for recognising it when it emerged. Black Consciousness posited a South Africa where formerly competing cultures sat comfortably together. This thesis explores whether such cultural equality has been achieved. Does contemporary literature harmoniously deploy different cultural idioms simultaneously? By analysing Black writing, mainly poetry, from the 1970s through to the present, the study traces the stages of development preceding the emergence of a possible ‘national’ literature and argues that the dominant art versus politics binary needs to be reconsidered. -
The Vrije Universiteit and South Africa ~ 125 Years of Sentiments and Good Faith
The Vrije Universiteit And South Africa ~ 125 Years Of Sentiments And Good Faith This academic year (2005), the Vrije Universiteit enjoys its 125th anniversary.[i] In 1879, a handful of orthodox reformed Dutch gentlemen founded an Association for the advancement of Christian Higher Education, and on 20 October 1880, Abraham Kuyper inaugurated the Vrije Universiteit, Academia libera reformata, by delivering his famous lecture on Sphere Sovereignty,Soevereiniteit in eigen kring. Kuyper was never a very modest man, and he certainly was not inclined to be modest at that moment. The credits of the university he opened, were three faculties, five professors and five students. As an accomplished rhetorician he described it as onze kleine School, met den Universiteitsnaam zelve tot blozens toe verlegen (our small school, blushing to be called a university). This was not meant as an apology, but rather to make a Hegelian turn: the real credits of the VU were written in the Synod of Dordt, its claim to nobility was the courage and moral dedication of its supporters, and its worldwide value and importance (Kuyper 1880). In the Kuyperian world panorama, his University would become the intellectual centre of the international Calvinist world – the academic power- house for all the reformed churches, nations and societies in Europe, America, and the Dutch colonies in the East. And for South Africa, of course. October 1880: this is also the month in which Piet Cronjé, on behalf of 127 Transvaler burghers, declared to the Landdrost of Potchefstroom that they would no longer pay any taxes to the British government, as that government had ille- gally annexed and stolen their country (Van Oordt 1898). -
An Analysis of the Theological Justification of Apartheid in South Africa Manavhela, G.F
VU Research Portal An Analysis of the Theological Justification of Apartheid in South Africa Manavhela, G.F. 2009 document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in VU Research Portal citation for published version (APA) Manavhela, G. F. (2009). An Analysis of the Theological Justification of Apartheid in South Africa: A Reformed Theological Perspective. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. E-mail address: [email protected] Download date: 01. Oct. 2021 VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT An Analysis of the Theological Justification of Apartheid in South Africa: A Reformed Theological Perspective ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT Ter verkrijging van de graad Doctor aan de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, op gezag van de rector magnificus prof. dr. L.M. Bouter, in het openbaar te verdedigen ten overstaan van de promotiecommissie van de faculteit der Godgeleerdheid op vrijdag 3 juli 2009 om 10.45 uur in de aula van de universiteit, De Boelelaan 1105 door Gwashi Freddy Manavhela Geboren te Tshikota, Zuid-Afrika Promotoren: prof. -
HS Gouws the LAW FACULTY of the NWU POTCHEFSTROOM
Author: HS Gouws THE LAW FACULTY OF THE NWU POTCHEFSTROOM CAMPUS CELEBRATES ITS HALF CENTENARY eISSN 1727-3781 2015 VOLUME 18 No 5 http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/pelj.v18i5.01 HS GOUWS PER / PELJ 2015(18)5 THE LAW FACULTY OF THE NWU POTCHEFSTROOM CAMPUS CELEBRATES ITS HALF CENTENARY HS Gouws 1 Introduction The Law Faculty of the North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, is celebrating its half centenary in 2015, having been founded in 1965. Law subjects were first introduced in 1932 after the Senate had decided on 11 November 1931 to accept the recommendations of a commission which had to examine the possibilities of adding law subjects for the BA degree.1 The newly found Law Faculty held its first meeting on 4 August 1965.2 2 A vibrant faculty Today, fifty years later, the Law Faculty of the North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, is a highly esteemed and vibrant law school. With 1 210 undergraduate students in 20153 the Faculty is still one of the smaller faculties in South Africa, but according to the Dean, Prof Nicola Smit,4 being smaller means that the staff personally know the students.5 Despite being one of the smaller law faculties, it is noted in international circles. Prof Willemien du Plessis6 says that the Faculty draws more post-doctoral researchers than the bigger law faculties. Currently there are 36. As far as postgraduate students are concerned, the Faculty has also become a sought after destination. Currently 30 LLM students and 28 doctoral students registered in HS Gouws. MA in Communication Studies (NWU). -
Challenging Desire: Performing Whiteness in Post-Apartheid South
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by South East Academic Libraries System (SEALS) Challenging Desire: Performing Whiteness in Post-Apartheid South Africa A thesis submitted in the fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Department of Drama at Rhodes University Sonja Smit January 2014 Abstract The central argument of this thesis asserts that in the process of challenging dominant subject positions, such as whiteness, performance creates the possibilities for new or alternative arrangements of desire. It examines how the creative process of desire is forestalled (reified) by habitual representations of whiteness as a privileged position, and proposes that performance can be a valid form of resistance to static conceptions of race and subjectivity. The discussion takes into account how the privilege of whiteness finds representation through forms of neo-liberalism and neo-colonialism in the post apartheid context. The analysis focuses on the work of white South African artists whose work offers a critique from within the privileged “centre” of whiteness. The research is situated within the inter-disciplinary field of performance studies entailing a reading and application of critical texts to the analysis. Alongside this qualitative methodology surfaces a subjective dialogue with the information presented on whiteness. Part Two includes an analysis of Steven Cohen’s The Cradle of Humankind (2011), Brett Bailey’s Exhibit A (2011) and Michael MacGarry’s LHR-JNB (2010). Each section examines the way in which the respective works engage in a questioning of whiteness through performance. Part Three investigates South African rap-rave duo, Die Antwoord and how their appropriation of Zef interrogates desires for an essential authenticity. -
The Settlers of South Africa and the Expanding Frontier
The settlers of South Africa and the expanding frontier JOHAN FOURIE Stellenbosch Economic Working Papers: WP14/2020 www.ekon.sun.ac.za/wpapers/2020/wp142020 August 2020 KEYWORDS: migration, colonialism, settler, Voortrekker, South Africa JEL: N37 Laboratory for the Economics of Africa’s Past (LEAP) http://leapstellenbosch.org.za/ DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY OF STELLENBOSCH SOUTH AFRICA A WORKING PAPER OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS AND THE BUREAU FOR ECONOMIC RESEARCH AT THE UNIVERSITY OF STELLENBOSCH www.ekon.sun.ac.za/wpapers The settlers of South Africa and the expanding frontier1 Johan Fourie2 Abstract The arrival of European settlers in the mid-seventeenth century at the southern tip of Africa profoundly affected the region’s development. They quickly displaced the local Khoesan and began a process of colonisation that would, some might argue, continue until 1994 with the first democratic elections, 342 years after their arrival. This is the story of their migration into the southern African interior. Combining a rich historiography with new quantitative source material – and the story of one family – I show that, despite the political, cultural and religious rhetoric that inspired their migrations, their reason for trekking was at heart economic. Their story is closely tied to the fortunes of those around them: their actions were often both a response to and a cause of events beyond their borders, a dynamic process that continues today. Keywords. migration, colonialism, settler, Voortrekker, South Africa JEL code. N37 ‘Trek verder!’ So klink dit ‘Trek on!’ The call rings out die môre heel vroeg; at the crack of dawn; en laat in die aand: and at sundown: ‘Nog nie ver genoeg!’ ‘Yet further still!’ - Totius, Trekkerslied, 1913 - Totius, ‘Trekkers’ song’, 1913 Introduction The first of the Fourie family to settle at the tip of Africa was a refugee by the name of Louis Fourie. -
Annual Report
2014 ANNUAL REPORT [CONTENTS] 5 Performance assessment report 19 Report of the Chairperson of Council 31 Statement of Council on governance 42 Annexure 1 47 Statement of Council on sustainability 51 Report of Senate to Council 90 Annexure 2 103 Report of the Institutional Forum to Council 107 Report of the Vice-Chancellor on management and administration 167 Report on internal administrative/operational structures and controls 171 Report on risk exposure assessment and the management thereof 175 Annual financial review 185 Financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2014 251 Report of the Audit-, Risk and Compliance Committee 255 Report on transformation 259 List of abbreviations used in the report Annexures 42 Annexure 1: Attendance of Council meetings 90 Annexure 2: Management statistics CD 1 Institutional Plan 2014 2 Council minutes Note: The content of the annual report has been restructured strictly in accordance with the Regulations for Annual Reporting for Higher Education institutions (footnotes refer to specifics contained in the Regulations). | 5 [PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT REPORT] The North-West University celebrated its 10th year of existence in 2014. uring these ten years, it has pursued the vision to become a pre-eminent university in Africa, driven by the pursuit of knowledge and innovation. The mission according to which all goals and objectives were developed over the years Dby means of three-year rolling planning cycles was to become a balanced teaching-learning and research university that implements its expertise in innovative ways. This mission was furthermore pursued while the institution lived its values, strived for sound management, and in ongoing pursuit of transformation.