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XXIX.On the Ibises of the Genus Theristicus

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XXIX.On the Ibises of the Genus Theristicus On tire Ibises of the Genus Ttieristicus. 501 39. RALLUSCERULESCENS Gm.; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxiii. p. 25 (1894). a, 6 ad. N’gong, Mdsailaud, Nov. 30, 1898. 40. CHEXCKEX (Liuu.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxiii. p. 82 (1891). a, $’ imm. Nairobi, hlasailaiid, June 2, 1899. I havc seen occasioiial spccimens of this specics iu No- vember and April. 41. TYMPANISTRIATIMPANISTRIA (Temm.) ; Salvad. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxi. p. 504 (1893). No. 143, 9. N’gong, Dec. 29, 1898. [The presence of somc rufous secondaries, mottled with black vermiculations, indicates that the specimen is imma- ture, and the forehead and chest are grey, with ochreous margins to the feathers of the latter part.--It. B. S.] 42. FRANCOLINUSHILDEBKASDTI Cab. ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1892, p. 552. a, 8 ad. N’goug, Masailand, Nov. 30, 1898. This Francolin is of much widcr distribution than F. schuetti, and, aloug with Pternisfes infuscatus, may be found both on the bare plains autl in dense forest. 43. PHANCOLINUSSCIIUETTI Cah. ; Ogilvie Grant, Cat. B. Brit. hlus. xxii. p. 170 (1893). a, 9 ad. N’gong, Masailand, Oct. 2, 1898. Nestiug. Bill and fect coral-rcd. Very commou in jungle and in the farms adjacent to forest. I have never seen this species on the open Imrc plains. XXIX.-On the Ibises of the Genuv ‘l‘heristicus. By ‘1’. SAL\~ADOKI,P.M.Z.S. [Plates IX. & X.] WHENSignor k’csta and I were working together at the great Ecuadorian collection made by the former, we easily recognized that the specimens of the genus Theristicus collected by Pesta at Vallrvicioso, not far from the paramos SEH. VI1.-VOL. VI. 2x ,502 Count T. Salvadori on th of Cotopari, belonged to thc distinct species which had becn described by Graf von Bcrlcpsch and JI. Stolxmanti under thc name of T. brunickii * from spccimcus collcctcd at Juuin, niaraynioc, arid l’ariayacu, on tlic Iiiglilmds of l’cru. On tiiruing to thc British Muscnrn Cataloguc 1 wa3 mucbli surprised to find that Dr. Sharpe -f had failed to rccogxiizc T. brunicbii as a distinct species, unc1c.r tlic inipmsioii that the differcnces of plumage relied on by the describers for the separation of T. hruniclii from T. nielunopis werc only those of agc or season. Moreover, I soon found out tlint the sgnonymy and gcographical ranges attributed l)y llr. Sharpe to thc two specics T. nielonopis and 7’. ccrudatirs rccognizcd by him, required rcvisioir. In order to settle scvcral questions concerning the spccics of the genus Theristicvs.I addrcssed ruysclf also to Dr. Finsclr, reqrrcstiug him to give me sonic iiiformatiorr as rcgards the specimens in thc Leydcu Museum, which had beeti attributed 1)p nr. Schlcgel 1: to a single species, T. melanopis, while it appearetl to iiic tliat they must clearly bclong to two distinct species. Dr. Finsch took the opportunity of his researches to publish the result of his enquiries in a papcr uxidor the title ‘‘ Uebcr die Arteu dcr Gattung Theristicus Wagl.” $. Ilr. Finsch also recognized in this paper tliat 7’. hrnuicX,ii \\as a species distinct from 1’. melanopi.r, and, I)csidcs tliat, described what he believed to bct a IICW allied spccics under thc name 7’. columhiunus. Hut it secius that both Dr. Sharpe and Dr. Finsch have ignored the very accuratc notes 1)s Graf )’on Bcrlcpsch If.Gtolzmann on the synonymy and geographical distributiori of ’1’. nzefuiiopis and T. c’uudutus, publishcd in thcir paper ‘‘ 1~Csultntsdw Rechcrches ornithologiques faitcs au Pdtm par Jeau Kaliuowski ” 11. ‘l‘his is thc prescnt statc of things as regards the species * Ibis, lt.94, p. 404. t Cat. B. Brit. Nua. xxvi. p. 23. $ Nus. des Pnys-Bus, Zh,p. 7. 5 Note3 from the Legden Museum, ~ol.xxi. pp. 23-26 (169:)). 1 P. z. s. lbW, pp. 322-388, Ibises of the Genus Theristicus. 503 of the genus Theristicw, thc subject of which I propose to treat in this paper. As already stated, Graf voii Berlepsch and M. Stolzmauu, in their paper meritioiied above, havc treated of the differences between T. mela)wpis aiid T. caudalus, and of their geo- graphical distribution. They have showu that the first species inhabits the southern and western parts of South America, from Magellariia and Patagonia to the western side of the Andes in Chile arid Pcru as far north as Ica and Chorillos, while the other species inhabits the northern and casteru parts of South America from Cayenne and British Guiana wcstward to Venezuela and Colombia, and south- ward to Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, aiid the uortheru part of the Argentine Republic. To the two Hpecics already mentioned must be added a third, Then’sticus branickii Berl. et Stolzm., peculiar to the highlands of Peru and Ecuador, which, so far as we know at present, extends from Pitumarca, near Tiuta, in Peru, to Vallevicioso in Ecuador. Besides these, as already mentioned, Dr. Finscli has dcscribetl quitc recently a Theristicus columbianus, from a specimen contained in the Leydcri Museum, received froin the Parisian dealer Deyrolle, as coming from Colombia, but without any collector’s name. Dr. Pitisch observed that 110 species of the genus Theristicus was kuown from Colombia, previously to his publication; a statement uot correct, as Berlepsch aud Stolzmann in 1892 had already mentioned specimens of the genus Theristicus from Colombia as contained in the Berlepscii Museum, wliich had beeu identi- fied with T. caudatrrs. Graf von Berlepsch has very kindly seut me for inspcction these specimeus, one of which is from Antioquia, aud also two from Venezuela, col- lected by Mr. G. K. Cherrie at a place named Altagracia. These specimens from Colombia and from Venezuela do not at all show the characters attributed by Dr. Finscli to his T. columbianuu, viz., the wing-coverts and the hidden base of the secondaries grey, instead of white, as in 1’. cau- &us, to which species thcp rcrtainlp belong. Dr. Finsch, 2M2 50-1. Count T. Salvadori on the at my request, has very kindly sent me for inspection thc type of his 7’. columbianus, which, as I had cxpected, turns out to be an immature specimeii of T. cnudntus, with thc light band 011 the wings and the 1)asc of tlic second- aries not grey (as stated by Dr. Pinsch), but dull wliitisli grey * The specimcns of the genus 7’heristicu.v wliicli I havc been ahle to examiue, arid which have lcd me to these coil- clusioiis, are the following :- (1) 1’AERIsTICUS CAUDITUS. 1. Adult spccimen from Cayeiine received from tlic Paris Museum (Miis. Taurin., Cat. 110. 2888). 2. Female adult from Cara-liuassi, Salta, September 1896 (nr.Horelli, Mm.7’uvriu., Cat. no. 11633). 3. Adult specimen received in cschangc from the Tiirati Museum, as collected in Brazil (Mirs. Tuurin., Cat. no. 9365). -1. Adult specimen, from BogotA, Colombia (Mzts. Berkpsch). 5. Immatiirc specimen, apparcntly from Bogoth (Leyden AIuseutti : TTYEof Tfierislicus columlianus E’iriscli). 6. Atlrilt specimen from Aritioqiiin i!i Colombia (JZUS. Herlepd). 7 & 8. Two adult specimcns, one m:irlrcd fcmulc, t’rom Altagracia iri \-cnezuc.la, obtaincd by Jlr. George, IS. Clicrric., h-ovcmbcr 1897 (Mzrs. Berlepsch) . 9. Adiilt inale from Vslle Graridc in 13olivia, obtaiiicd hy (j. Garlcpp (Mus. Berlqsch). (2) f~IIERISTICUSMELANOPIS. 1. Adult specimen from Chile (Cav. Pico//et,Mus. Tmirirl., Cat. no. 2885). 2. Adult spccimeti, no csact 1oc:ility (Mus. ?iiurin., Cat. no. 2895). 3. Adult male, Santiago, Chile, Alarcli 1HG7, f’roni tllc Museum of Santiago, Voyage of the ‘Magenta’ (Mw.Tuurin., Cat. no. 8353). Ibises of the Genus Theristicus. 505 (3) 1’HEKlSTlCUS BHANICKII. 1. Adult male, Pariayacu, Peru, 18 October, 1892 (.I. licllinowski, Mrrs. Berlrpch, SPECIM. TY PICUM) . 2. Adult male, Vallevicioso, Paramo dc.1 Cotopasi, July (Dr. G. Festn) . 3. Adult male, Vallcvicioso, July (Dr. Festa). 4. Adult malc, Vallevicioso, July (Dr. Frstn). 5. Tmniaturc male, \‘allevicioso, July (Dr. Frstu). 0. Adult fcmalc, Vallcvicioso, July (Dr. Festa). 7 & 8. Young specimens, Vallevicioso, July (Ur. Fcsta). Genus TAEKISTICUSN-agl. irypt!. ?‘heristicus Wagl. lsis, 1832, 1’. 1231 . Ibis melanopis Lath. Waglcr gives the following characters of the genus Theristicus :- “ ltostrum gracilius (quam in getiere Ibbidis) ; yedes lircves, rohusti ; tarsiis validus, digiti iiitcrmerlii longitiidinc incluso hujus unguc, aiiticc scutellis licsagoriis tectus, post ice rcticulnt.iis ; digiti validi, hreviusculi, terctius- culi ; ungues mcdiocrcs, validi, arcuati, illi digiti ariterioris iritermedii acic interna subinflata (integra) ; acrodactyla ulevato-scutellata. Ptilosis : lora ac stria utrinquc ad 1:itus menti niida ; ale ct caudu praclouge, hzc cuucata, alas trariscendens ; pilci ac colli plun~c long^, lacem. Color praedominans obscurus ct dilutus, remiges et caucla metallici.” Dr. Sharpe has recently givcii the characters of the different genera belonging to thc family Ibididr! ; those of the genus Theristicus may be summarized a9 follows :- ‘(Antcrior aspect of tarsus reticulated, with uumerous hesagonal scales ; itiucr sccondarics ordiuary, not oriia- mented ; head feathcred ; lores bare, no fleshy wattle on centre of throat ; forehead feathered ; lorcs with some warty papillse, region of eye bare ; sides of chin and upper throat bare ; 110 crest of dcpendcnt feathers on iiapc.” To these characters those of the colouriiig may be added, being very similar in all tLc spccics. General colour slaty grey, head and neck whitish buff; uppcr part of the head 5G6 Count T. Salvadori 0th the rufous-clicstnut ; greater upper wing-coverts grey or whitc ; bill black ; feet red. Nab. South Amcrica. Iiq to thr 4cjlecie.s of the Gtwrw ‘I‘heriwticus. I/. (;iiatr:t!o toto iiigrt I-distiicw : pilt.0 tkt liutcula lotn in parte nntica colli imi rufo-mstnueis ; tcctrici- his iilaruiii m;tjoribus albip ; bnsi obtects reiiiipiu seriiudariori~in:illxi .......................
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